URBAN RHAPSODY LI Shuqi
Urban Rhapsody LI Shuqi Email: suki.lee.1108@gmail.com Phone Number: +86-133-0672-0316
2018-19 COLLECTION
B.Arch, Southeast University, China Collection of 2018-2019
A city’s status will increasing come not from the h height h i ht off its it skyscrapers k but b from the depth of its street life.
_WOODS BAGOT
PREFACE
A
t dawn, when it was still gleaming outside and I was in my deepest sleep, the daily chit-chat army arrived in full swing and began their everyday conversation: domestic trivia. Most of them were elderly people together with energetic kids or noisy babies; of course, there were some peddlers serving dew-fresh vegetables just picked. This is the scenario that unfolded right outside of my bedroom window, from 5 am to 5 pm every day – a bonus for living on the first floor. However, overwhelmed by the hubbub, I opened the window and yelled outside, “Could you guys just shut up for Christ’s sake!” Well, this yelling never quite happened. In fact, dragging my tired body, I continued my never-actually-happened shouting dream on the sofa in the living room – my new bed during my busy period. You could never imagine this could happen in a closed settlement. Some may wonder: why does the property management allow such chaos? The other may ask: why not ask them directly to stop, as, after all, a living room is not a proper place to sleep? I should say, it must be the uniqueness of China’s urbanization, as a huge amount of rural area has been harshly converted into urban land by demolition and relocation. I do not easily tell others the trick of my becoming an urbanite: a decade ago, the functionary knocked to discuss the contract about resettlement, and months later, just in a new flat within a ten-minute spitting distance from the original village, I suddenly “urbanized” from a barbaric boor into a “proud” urbanite! Urbanization makes everyone urbanites. However, the typical closed settlements in China produced by functionalists are indeed incompatible with the naturallyformed community of acquaintances. I still remember playing with my friends from door to door after dinner as a child. There were houses neatly arranged with beautiful ponds, mulberry trees, and paths crisscrossing the fields. The crowing of roosters and the barking of dogs were within everyone’s earshot. The main gate of our house was always open to welcome anyone to drop by. But now, we locked our doors in a narrow flat. This closed settlement was clean and orderly but lacked vitality. As such, we have voluntarily carried out a “community transformation” to retain our previous ways of life – chatting, bargaining and even playing Mahjong. This anti-functionalism chaos in a monotonous district is just like one drop into a silent lake, managing to make waves, only on a small scale, though.
T
his background has formed my basic vision of society. In China, I have witnessed how rapid urbanization has broken the bonds of acquaintances in society, yet function-oriented urban spaces run counter to building new relationships among urbanites. I found, instead of initiating transformation as in my community, typical urbanites fail to fight back against the stiff plans but rather switch their behaviors unconsciously, under the effects of the surroundings. In an optional undergraduate course, Residential and Urban, we were asked to target one “private” small space as a subject for videoing and interpretation. As I began my field trip, I noticed an intriguing phenomenon: the apartment owners usually acted defensively about being observed; they neither understood what we were doing nor let us in, while amalgamated dwellers felt free to be recorded. Then I found the reason: frequent sharing among tenants in collective housing mentally redefines the private domain and gives them an open mind towards strangers. Inspired by environmental magic, I thought of how communities are forced to change their routines during urbanization, and what urban spaces can do to help them adapt to the new conditions. In this case, urban design is an integration of interests among different groups and macroscopical city planning. However, we still lack a mediator between the authority and ordinary people and a concern for contemporary contexts during the design process. Rethinking the role of an architect, I aspire to advocate for this wave, beginning in my neighborhood, and to make our cities better spaces in consideration of the needs in our daily lives.
M
eanwhile, new environments can give life to new things. A living bedroom, residual chatting corner in my neighborhood, even a metal-mesh-made golf course hanging in the sky (mentioned in Made in Tokyo): those eccentric sites were informal solutions, having proven that urban anonymities have the potential to handle urban issues. A lack of planned design has generated vitality, where a likely future for a thriving urban environment has emerged. During a recent trip to Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam, I saw this concept in play while passing through in a taxi. When I looked out of the window, I was impressed by the lively scene: along the road, residents were playing badminton making use of every single space, and people were sitting in
front of ubiquitous cafés. I started wondering how this could happen. It seems that ‘Less is more’ doesn’t work here. What I saw proves that Maximalism propels extremely colorful networks of relationships with a simple principle: personal remolding. Then I realized the chaos is actually a guarantee for urban vitality, because it is a result of civic participation. It generates informal solutions – a citizen-driven means of solving these urban issues. So, how can architects positively respond to informality and uncertainty of urbanism in practice while casting a concern to the public’s real lives? This is the avenue I seek to pursue in my postgraduate study.
U
nfortunately, mainstream values refute those informal solutions from theory to practice, regarding them as the turmoil that needs to be eliminated. Our cities are sometimes not designed for people, but rather to be picturesque. In researching dwelling facade integration—to discern a guideline for tidy facade design, I began to reflect on the City Beauty Movement in China, and this experience earned me not only well-refined research skills but also strong critical thinking abilities. When I came to an insight towards the renovation of old-fashioned residences in China for my paper, I realized uniformity couldn’t address daylight availability, ventilation or insulation problems in existing dwellings. And these problems which closely related to daily life should be given the priority to handle. Also, during my subsequent internship projects, I noticed similar oversights. For example, a pedestrian bridge renovation in Shenzhen began as a project to improve the walking experience, but quickly turned into a bureaucratic sugar-up as the needs of the citizens were quickly overlooked. Replacing the still-good tiles and roof, the government only wanted bridges to look better instead of a friendlier pedestrian system. In this process, the government valued appearance, the architects served the client, and no one cared what the citizens wanted. Such superficiality in design fails to address the true needs of urban society. It uses regulations and uniformity to forbid chaos which discourages citizens’ initiatives as they get used to fixed living patterns. For current cities, planning for people-oriented urban spaces, maintaining the harmony of traditional neighborhoods, or leading to sustainable urban communities are more essential than stiff uniformity, but architects may remain absent.
I
n the movie Metropolis, the motto Mens et Manus - mind and hand – means someone should be mediators between powerful developers and anonymous dwellers. That is exactly what an architect should be. The lack of coordinators not only indulges stiff planning but leads to a huge gap between topdown policy-making and experimental grassroots culture. Therefore, the more I learn, the more seriously I realized a concern – that current architectural practice failed to have systematic approaches in China – and the more urgently I was convinced to compensate with sustainable thinking and a sociological approach so that I can take my responsibility for the sustainable city framework. As a big-picture vision for this sustainable system, lively urban spaces should be created to facilitate interpersonal connections to form new relationships between new urbanites. Then, real communities are established, which stimulates members’ passions for reshaping their real lives. That wave should be valued, so an open platform for civic engagement is the next step to guide and cause a ripple effect. We should regard urban spaces as constantly evolving places to meet up-to-date demand and embrace informal solutions. Thus, the stiff spaces can be transformed into flexible composite spaces assuming multiple identities to serve different groups. In this process, architects also play a vital role in coordinating amongst different groups on land right conflicts. Finally, a sustainable development plan for cities emerges and it is adaptable enough.
T
heory and practice mutually nourish and interweave.
On the one hand, I want to be a practitioner – a city healer – to coordinate the contradiction between top-down policy and bottom-up democracy, representing the interests of the public, especially the disadvantaged, to encourage spontaneous chaos, to lead regional participation in the creation of their own communities. On the other hand, I want to be a scholar who investigates contemporary urban life, using a larger vision and systematic method to build a sustainable development framework. In this way, with numerous drops, a rainfall can enliven the lake.
CONCERTO
01 PRELUDE
From Transport to Transaction: A Urban Islets Renewal Proposal " The residual spaces can be transformed into flexible composite spaces for more people to use. In this process, architects also play a vital role in coordinating amongst different groups. To build a sustainable development plan for cities."
02 SONATA
Fluid Con-Junction " Those eccentric sites with informal solutions, having proven that urban anonymities have the potential to handle urban issues. We should regard urban spaces as constantly flowing places and embrace informal solutions. Because real communities are established by lively urban spaces."
03 LENTO
The Journey of Wind " Unfortunately, mainstream values refute those informal solutions, regarding them as turmoil that needs to be eliminated. Our cities are sometimes not designed to care about our humans, but rather to be picturesque. "
04 ALLEGRO
Life Generator " Environment has its magic. I am forced to change my routine due to the stiff campus. What open spaces can do to help us be more open-minded? The campus needs a mediator between the authority and students. "
CADENZA 05
Snowflake Schema Stole Digital Fabrication
06
Solid Studio Material Research
07
See Your Sound Visualization & Programming
01 From Transport to Transaction: A Urban Islets Renewal Proposal Summer 2019 Independent Research Site: Tokyo Co-Work with ZHANG Zifan * preliminary and foundation for "Fluid Con-Junction" ** personal work include: conception: 50%; drafting: 40%; elaboration: 80%; illustration: 40%;
01 Co-evolution of Transportation and Urban Form
From Allan Jacob’s “Great Streets” (1993)
T
he process of urbanization is supported by corresponding developments in transportation systems, allowing for flexibility and capacity of settlement and establishment in urban areas. Transportation, in turn, has a vital influence on the urban spatial structure and is shaping urbanization.1 Elements of the urban transport system, namely transportation modes, infrastructures and users create a spatial imprint which shapes the urban form. Considering that each city has different socioeconomic and geographical characteristics, the spatial imprint of transportation varies accordingly, which leads to various city textures.
On the other hand, city forms, their actual function, and the ideas and values that people attach to them make up a single phenomenon. 2 Therefore, the history of city form cannot be written just by tracing the diffusion of the rectangular and grid street pattern. In the mid-20th century, cities developed a unique spatial structure relying on motorized transportation. The percentage of urban land allocated to transportation is often correlated with the level of mobility. As the mobility of people and freight increased, a growing considerable share of urban areas was allocated to transport, as well as the infrastructures supporting it. Automobiles require space to move around (roads) but it also spends its existence stationary in a parking space. Consequently, a significant amount of urban space must be allocated to accommodate the automobile and is thus economically and socially useless. 1. Jean-Paul Rodrigue (2017), The Geography of Transport Systems, New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-1138669574 2. Lynch, Kevin (1984). Good City Form. The MIT Press; Reprint edition. ISBN: 978-0262620468
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1·
02 Subways, Streets and Highways
Tokyo takes up 90% of the Japan's economic production
Food Transportion mainly through expressway into the inner city
T
o deal with unorganized urban sprawl and facilitate concentrated cities, many cities adopted TOD, a type of urban development that enables residential, business and leisure space within walking distance of public transport and decreases citizen’s dependence on driving3 , which managed to build a bridge between subway system and city streets. In Japan, the concept of TOD had been already recognized as an essential theory of urban development for years. From the 1910’s to the 1930’s, Ichizou Kobayashi had founded an enterprise for railroad construction and real estate development in the Kansai area, which succeeded to become the Hankyu railroad company. Meantime, Eiichi Shibusawa and Keita Gotou carried out similar projects in Tokyo which had been transferred to the Tokyu railroad company. These were the origin of the TOD in Japan. In sharp contrast with Tokyo’s advanced railroad transportation is its expressway system. Established in the 1960s, "Metropolitan Expressway" was first founded to increase traffic flow efficiency in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area and optimize and improve the functionality of the traffic system. While railway transportation reduced citizens’ commute time, the expressway system plays a more common role for sophisticated logistics: Under the guidance of functionalism, The flows of people and logistics seem to be separated by two parallel spaces in Tokyo. Places that are only dozens meters away from offices and communities, isolated by the intervene of expressway junction, leaving archipelagos on the urban landscape. In this proposal, we focus on how to utilize the negative residual space formed by urban infrastructures to alleviate the sophisticated transportation issues.
Marginalization due to the rising land price in Tokyo
"Islets" formed by highway junctions
Location high-densed city center, accessible to catering
Proposal inject trade to connect the expressway and urban life
3. Calthorpe, Peter (1993). The Next American Metropolis: Ecology, Community, and the American Dream. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. ISBN 9781878271686.
03 Transport to Transact
A
s Jan Gehl puts it, "The social changes of our era can help explain the dramatic increase in urban recreation - premium public spaces, with their diversity of functions, the multitude of people, fine views and fresh air obviously have something to offer that is in great demand in society today."4 The urbanization in Tokyo is closely related to the change of a type of plebeian public space – the wholesale market. In the Edo Period, goods from all over Japan were transported to Edo by sea, and then transported to the inland areas using the river network ordered by Tokugawa Ieyasu. The unloading location of each terminal is called “river bank”, which not only becomes the most suitable transportation base for warehouses, wholesale stores, and markets, but also attracts many shops and restaurants that provide services for workers. In this way, the area around the river in Edo is gradually developing, and it is transformed into a lively neighborhood of millions of people and labor. A series of central wholesale markets, such as the resident market in the Showa Period, were built near the terminal of major rail transit by the introduction of the steam age train, which successfully transported fresh food throughout Japan. The food was transported to the port area of Tokyo, providing the city with a stable and healthy trading site. After modern times, the Metropolitan Expressway became the main road for food transportation in the city. However, in order to comply with the increase in urban population and the change in environmental distribution during the period of rapid economic growth, the Japanese government has continuously moved the markets located in the central area of the city to the edge of the city. The vivid and active public space of “markets” gradually faded out of the sight of urban residents.
In the Edo Period
Main transportation: Canal
Goods carried to the neighbour blocks
Markets along the riverside serve to distribute cargoes
Other goods carried to the market through railway
Market as a gathering center serves the whole city.
Nearest subway station is 1.5 km away from the market.
The service radiation of the market is limited.
In the Showa Period
Fresh fish gathered from the port at bay area
In Modern Era
As the markter is saparated from high ways, goods are carried by city roads.
Typology of markets and their related urban space in Tokyo
From the transition of the wholesale market, we can find a correspondence between the location and transportation junction due to the core demand of the market- a convenient and fast mode of logistics which is the root of the fade-away of today’s markets. 4. Jan, Gehl (2010), Cities for People, Island Press; First Edition, ISBN: 159726573X
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enable
EXPRESSWAY CONSTRUCTION
accelerate
divide
advance efficiency
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
EXTERNAL STIMULUS
URBAN SPACE VARIATION
require faciliate
T
his program reflects on the urban development pattern of rail transit in Tokyo, and proposes a city renewal model based on highway transportation, trying to connect City Expressway, city streets, and pedestrian system and the “urban archipelagos” that is cut off by the City Expressway with the function of a wholesale market.
To start with, we try to take advantage of the expressway - easy and fast access to other places to provide fresh seafood from the ports, as well as domestic and imported vegetables. Since 90% of the goods transportation is through expressways 5 , we combined the function of transition nodes and markets as a way to reduce the sophisticated pilot process between raw goods and buyers. Next, the accessibility of the public to the sites should be confirmed. Thus, an underground served as the extension of the Roppongi metro station, a bus stop and vehicle pull in & out slope, and a pedestrian bridge above the city road linking the surrounding office building, as well as residential settlements, come up to provide various modes of transportation to access: people can just walk in after work or during a transition, which provides great convenience as well as sporadic in this place.
lead organize
upgrade
TRADING
acclimate
Then a market formed to activate the vitality of the islets. As Allan Jacobs puts it, "streets are settings for activities that bring people together"6, the nature of the wholesale market is to interact, not just a place for display and purchase. So we hope it can play a vital role as a linkage among ingredient providers and cooks, as well as customers and passers-by for encounter, exchanging and communicating. What’s more, the markets in the nodes must preserve the spontaneity of communities with weekend markets, community clubs, galleries, etc. and encourage the public to actively participate in public facilities like café, city parks, convenience stores and even Eco-car charging piles. They can put forward to their opinion and the extra facilities could be flexibly re-functioned with time. Finally, Developing with a bottom-up tactic, the site must get revitalized as the joints keep the physical and mental connection between people and the infrastructures.
PARKING expressway
P
LOGISTIC
P
road
P
P
COMMERCIAL COMPLEX
MARKET
pedestrain STATION
TOD
2·
04 Speculation: A City Market Network as a Bond
AMENITY
railway Our Proposal 5. The date is reported by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism in Japan 6. Jacobs, Allan (1982), Toward An Urban Design Manifesto, UC Berkeley: Institute of Urban and Regional Development.
02 Fluid Con-Junction Autumn 2019 Self-directed Work(Individual) Site: 1-chome,4-Roppongi, Minato City, Tokyo Area: 5,400m2 If you've been to Tokyo, you can not miss the Tsukiji Market, the largest wholesale market in the world, of which the inner wholesale market has closed due to the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Actually, the markets in the central areas have been continuously relocated to the urban fringes, for the demands of the increasing urban population and the change in environmental distribution. The vivid public space of “markets” gradually fades out of the sight of urban residents. This program proposes an urban renewal model based on highway transportationrail trip pattern. By turning the “urban islets”, the residuals cut off by the City Expressway, into an unprecedented bazaar, the infrastructure of City Expressway and urban traffic network are combined, so that the public could get involved into this vigorous market in their daily lives.
"I can catch the bus there."
"The salmon is real directly delivered w after got caught. "
" What a tiring weekday! Let's have a taste of the fresh sashimi after work." "It's really convenient that subway and market, office buildings and neighbourhood, highway and streets are bound together! "
" Let's go to the bar to drink !"
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lly fresh. They're within one hour
3¡
"My van is fully loaded with fresh seafood. Welcome to our Highway Market to enjoy them!"
" My daily routine is parking the car here, grabbing some food and walking to work. "
"Hurry up, fresh goods need to be served in time."
" WOW! I can buy fresh vegetable right in front of my office.
FUTURE MARKET PROPOSAL
MARKET_Grow As A Super Plane In the past time, in order to have better access and view to goods, markets are usually expanded as a big plane. of which the space is flowing and commodious. The customers could see as many stalls as possible at the same time and the market is extensible and flexible.
DILEMMA_Layering to Lose Intercation With the explosion of population, today we face the land shortage challenge, so it is inevitable to live in an intensive way. By infinite superpositions in the vertical direction, we manage to, to some extent, have full use of every square of land to create economy value. But by this mechanical duplication and through a closed box—escalator, we cannot perceive what is going on in other layers lacking of good experience for a mall as it go against to both verbal and sight interaction.
CONCEPT_A Market without Layers Then, an issue is raised-how to remain the vitality in traditional market in the modern context, in other words, how to make the space vertically superimpose while assuring a wide view and a fluid streamline? This must be taken into account on the architectural scale. To begin with, I try to decompose the concept of layers by regular pulling-ups and pushing-downs. In this way, the stiff layers are replaced by an undulating, consecutive ground among the whole spaces.
STRUCTURE_Spiral Ramps, Fluid Con-junction Thus, under the premise of retaining the vitality, a brand-new form for modern market come into being. I analyzed this unique structure and divide the plane into segments by control lines, so that a prototype - a spiral ramp appeared. In this future market, we only have infinately flowing ground instead of layers, connecting expressway and urban roads to neighbourhood and subway. All of those inject new vitality to this resiual area because of the fluid market.
accessbility field
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4·
EXTRACTED PROTOTYPE
DIVISION
VOID
CORE
THICKNESS
DIRECTION
POSITION
BOUNDARY
MULTIPLY
SITE — STRATEGY Potential Con-junction
7200m² Office Building
4200m² Not in use
5400m² Parking Lot (site)
Markets Terminal
4200m² Not in use
Highway Road Railway Walking Range
6100m² Parking Lot
Tokyo, Janpan
Morphing
Fitting
Refining
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5·
FUNCTION — SPACE Topology
Profile
Spatialization Van Parking Lot
Car Parking Lot
Van Parking Lot
Highway
Drive-in Deck
Drive-in Deck Transit Spiral
Highway Car Parking Lot
PARKING AREA
Transit Spiral Warehouse
Car Parking Lot Warehouse Highway
Car Parking Lot
Market
Van Parking Lot Restaurant
Market
Delivery Delivery
PROCESSING AREA
Restaurant
Van Parking Lot
Parking Lot
Highway
Processing Zone Warehouse
Processing Zone
Warehouse
City Park Snack Bar
Fresh Supermarket
City Park
Restaurant
Snack Bar
Restaurant GLOBAL FRESH SALE
Fresh Supermarket Restaurant
Foot Bridge
Taxi Stop
highway
City Street
Parking Lot
Taxi Stop Transit Spiral COMMUNTY GENERATOR
Transit Spiral
Foot Bridge
City Street
Landing Zone
highway
Florist's Eco-car Service Stop Metro Entry Wine Pub
Florist's
Foot Bridge
Foot Bridge Landing Zone city street
CONVENIENCE STORE
Eco-car Service Stop Metro Entry Wine Pub
studied function
car flow people flow
N
0
5
10
15m
Ground Floor Plan Traffic Interface 1 Metro Entrance 2 Eco-car Charging Parking Lot 3 Bus Stop 4 Drive in 5 Pull out 6 Vertical Transfer Spiral
7 CO
MM EN UNIT TRY Y
Community Generator 7 Clubs 8 Gallery
Services&Facilities 9 Seven-Eleven 10 Unloading Zone 11 Cafe 12 Restaurant 13 Kitchen 14 Sea Food Bar 15 Storage 16 City Garden
±0.00m -0.60m -0.30m
3 8
S BU TRY EN
-2.50m
14 6
7 ±0.00m
8
16
5
11
·6
4
2
±0.00m
13
+1.20m
-0.30m
10 ±0.00m
12
±0.00m
16 -0.30m
±0.00m
1 12
m METRO ENTRY
±0.00m
-0.60m -4.75m
-0.30m
6
6·
±0.00m
9
16 -0.30m
2
N
0
5
10
15m
4th Floor Plan Market Zone 1 Drive-in Service Center 2 Global Fresh Direct Sale 3 Goods Shelves Logistics Zone 4 Processing Area 5 Storage Area 6 Cargo Unloading
Traffic Interface 7 Customer Deck 8 Vertical Transfer Spiral
+12.00m
7 +15.00m
5
6 +21.50m
+13.50m
+11.50m
2 +24.00m
1
8
+21.50m
3
6
4
+20.00m
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7·
car flow people flow
SKY
PARKING ZONE
Parking area
Small Vehicles Large Vans Smart Check
Landing area
Cargo Unloading Lounge for Drivers Temporary Warehouse
LOGISTICS ZONE
Processing area
Storage area
Rough Line Fashioning Line Sorting Line Package & Delivery Freezer Refrigerator Fresh-keeping Devices
MARKET ZONE
Gobal Fresh Sale
Live Aquatic Chilled Fruits & Vegetables Florist’s Drive-in Service
Instantly Consumed Delicacy
Sea Food Bar Grilled BarBeque Cooked Food Fresh Supermarket
AMENITY ZONE
Traffic Interface
Community Generator
Service & Facilities
Metro Entrance Eco-car Charging Piles Taxi Stop Bus Stop Assembly Hall Clubs Gallery Barter Bazaar CVS (Seven-Eleven) Cafe Restaurant Pub
UNDERGROUND
BAZZAR —
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SCENARIO
8·
SYSTEM —
The truck drives into the upper parking building through the folded floor. In some locations, the thickness of the slab becomes higher, forming a storage space for the goods and an equipment room for the entire building.
The truck came to Tokyo from the place of origin of the goods through the expressway.
The restaurant have cheap, fresh ingredients.
Pedestrians reach the market through platforms connected surrounding office buildings. The underground bar connects the surrounding office area with the subway to form an active underground street. Nearby office workers can meet in the bar after work.
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*co-work with ZHANG Zifan in this part **personal work include: 50%
— SECTION
9·
7F
Parking
+57.00m
Some foods are processed after unloading then transported through the freight elevator to the store on the ground floor.
6F
Processing
+42.00m
5F
Unloading
+36.00m
4.5F
Machine
+27.00m
4F
Drive-in
+21.50m
3F
Market
+13.50m
Due to the essence of the spiral, the space can be divided into open spaces and closed spaces, and connected at partial locations. In the open space, people spin through the rising platform and unimpededly shuttle the shops, markets, and restaurants in each "floor". The enclosed space is used as eqiupment rooms or warehouses.
2F
Snack Bar
+5.50m
Ground Floor ±0.00m
B 1F
Station
-4.50m
B 2F
Check-in
-10.00m
The large amount of passenger traffic at the subway station has brought more users to the venue and promoted the generation of vitality.
B 3F
Departure
-15.00m
0
3
6
9m
03 The Journey of Wind Spring 2019 Studio Work, Advisor: ZHANG Tong Co-work with CHEN Zeling, personal work occupied 50% Site: Qishan campus, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou Area: 12,000m2 Cool Lane, an essential element in the traditional settlement, is a type of narrow alley with more than aspect ratio 2.5. Along with patios in folk houses, it functions as a natural air conditioner in many regions in China, especially in the South-eastern region, where it is wet and hot in summer but cold and rainy in winter. By studying this prototype, we try to figure out the operation mechanism behind and come up with an idea that can make the most of the wind and provide the whole building a better thermal and humidity environment without extra energy consumption. Rampant technological optimism leads to an immoderate use of electricity, water, and other sources. We NEVER ask for where they come from and the costs to produce them and we NEVER have a chance to face the reality due to the long production chain and high specialization, which may be the tragedy of MODERNITY.
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0·
N
0
50m
SYSTEM: Extracted from Fujian Folk Settlement
01 WIND CONDITION
wind velocity (m/s) 0
Location: Fuzhou, Fujian Province
2
4
10
Processed
Raw N
N
N
N
filter
8am-10pm summer：>26℃ winter：<10℃
summer
winter
summer
02 PERFORMANCE STUDY
winter
*diagrams worked by CHEN Zeling
Induce the prevailing wind in summer
The lane serves as a cool chamber
outdoor
cool lane
Courtyard faciliates ventilation by thermal pressure cool lane physical performance
Wind Velocity
38℃
Air Temperature
29℃
Air Temperature
29℃
32℃ 43℃
27℃
78%
28℃
Relative Humidity
32℃
73%
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 hr
*Data from: MA Junli, Study on Natural Ventilation Effect of Cold Alley, Master Thesis in Guangzhou University, 2010, 26-36.
03 BREATHING MODE
*diagrams worked by CHEN Zeling
spring & autumn
summer
winter
Day lane: On chimeny skylights: On
vents in lane: On chimney ventilation: On
lane: restricted >30℃ chimeny skylights: Off
vents in lane: On chimney ventilation: On
lane: restricted <10℃ chimeny skylights: On
vents in lane: On chimney ventilation: Off
lane: restricted chimeny skylights: On
vents in lane: On chimney ventilation: Off
lane: On chimeny skylights: Off
vents in lane: On chimney ventilation: On
lane: Off chimeny skylights: On
vents in lane: Off chimney ventilation: Off
Night
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1¡
MORPHOLOGY 02 SHAPE OF PATIO
01 SHAPE OF COOL LANE summer
winter
comparative group
final selected
original
hole
Venturi tube
contraction & release
Sheer off
direction
Reinforce
cut slope
03 THE OVERALL SHAPE
original summer condition
original winter condition
winter condition, after modification
summer condition, after inducing
summer condition, final solution 0
1.2
2.4
3.6
4.8
6.0
wind velocity (m/s)
*Simulation by Rhino CDF
*co-work with CHEN Zeling in this part **personal work include: design: 50% drawing: 50%
N
A
0
5
10
15m +1.50m
4 ±0.00m
5
C
6
±0.00m
+1.80m
B
-0.03m
±0.00m -2.20m
6
9
10 ±0.00m
+3.00m B
Gound Floor Plan
C
A -4.50m
4 -3.00m
5
3 3
-4.50m
2
-4.50m
1 8
7 -4.65m
Basement Floor Plan
Public Service 1 Resting Area 2 Service Counter 3 Exhibition
Reading Area 4 Open Shelves 5 Stack Room 6 Reading Leisure Space
Traffic Interface 7 Lecture Hall 8 Study Room 9 Terrace Classroom 10 Workshop
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2¡
* diagram by CHEN Zeling
DECONSTRUCTION
VAY Vents for inhaling and exhaling Atriums for interaction Yards for soft diffuse light
BODY These main function spaces of the building provide pleasant condition for reading by VAYs
BUFFER ZONE Sunken pocket space catches the summer wind from southeast and cool it in the Cold Lane The gentle slope avoids the chilly winter wind and open the lake view
BIND and SPLIT The alley, in spatial organization, seperates study part with reading part, links the main road with the other side
TERRAIN INTEGRATION Sunken pocket space catches the summer wind from southeast and cool it in the Cold Lane The gentle slope avoids the chilly winter wind and open the lake view
+6.60m
+3.00m ±0.00m -2.20m -4.50m -6.00m
A-A Section
+6.60m
+3.00m ±0.00m
-4.50m
B-B Section
+6.65m
+3.00m ±0.00m
-4.50m
C-C Section 0
5
10
15m
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3¡
DETAILS
Vegetable Layer Planting Soil 300mm Non-woven filter layer 200g/m2 Gravel Drainage 100mm Protective Coating >350g/m2 Root-puncture-resistant Waterproof layer Cement Screed-coat 20mm Concrete Mortar Slope-making 2% Aerated Concrete Insulation 100mm Reinforced Concrete Roof 120mm
Plywood Plank 20mm Bidirection Antiseptic, Wooden Keel 30mm*2 Fine Aggregated Concrete Protection 30mm SBR Sealing Layer Cement Screed-coat 20mm Concrete Mortar Slope-making 2% Aerated Concrete Insulation 100mm Reinforced Concrete Roof 120mm
Fabric bedding, Wool
Soil, Backfill, Coating
Coarse Gravel Porous pipes Lean Concrete Terrazzo Tiles 20mm Leveling Concrete 30mm Cement Screed-coat 30mm Aerated Concrete Insulation 100mm Reinforced Concrete Roof 120mm SBR Sealing Layer Rammed Earth
Polywood Floor 20mm Antiseptic Wooden Keel 30mm Fine sand Fine gravel Coarse gravel
CORE SPACE
Plywood Plank 20mm Vegetable Layer Planting Soil 300mm Non-woven filter layer 200g/m2 Gravel Drainage 100mm Protective Coating >350g/m2 Root-puncture-resistant Waterproof layer Cement Screed-coat 20mm Concrete Mortar Slope-making 2% Aerated Concrete Insulation 100mm Pre-tensioned Hollow Concrete Slab 240mm
Rammed Earth SBR Sealing Layer Reinforced Concrete Wall 400mm Polystyrene Insulation Slab 60mm Porcelain Tiles 30mm
Rammed Earth SBR Sealing Layer Reinforced Concrete Wall 400mm Polystyrene Insulation Slab 60mm Porcelain Tiles 30mm
Plywood Floor 20mm Bidirection Antiseptic, Wooden Keel 30mm*2 Leveling Concrete 30mm SBR Sealing Layer Aerated Concrete Insulation 100mm Reinforced Concrete Base 400mm Rammed Earth
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*by CHEN Zeling
E â&#x20AC;&#x201D; MODEL
4¡
Plywood Plank 20mm Bidirection Antiseptic, Wooden Keel 30mm*2 Fine Aggregated Concrete Protection 30mm SBR Sealing Layer Concrete Mortar Slope-making 2% Aerated Concrete Insulation 100mm Pre-tensioned Hollow Concrete Slab 240mm
Plywood Plank 20mm Bidirection Antiseptic, Wooden Keel 30mm*2 Fine Aggregated Concrete Protection 30mm SBR Sealing Layer Concrete Mortar Slope-making 2% Aerated Concrete Insulation 100mm Pre-tensioned Hollow Concrete Slab 240mm
Terrazzo Tiles 20mm Leveling Concrete 30mm Aerated Concrete Insulation 100mm Pre-tensioned Hollow Concrete Slab 240mm Wind-like GRC Ornamentation
04 Life Generator Spring 2018 Studio Work (Individual)ďź&#x152;Advisor: ZHANG Tong Site: Sipailou Campus, Southeast University, Nanjing Area: 4,300m2 Many architects hold a view that buildings are the containers of human behaviors, but I believe a building can create its ego consciousness to influence our thinking and doing modes. Modern campus means openness and inclusiveness, but Southeast University campus, as a cultural relic site and a prestigious technikon shows overwhelming preciseness, with anti-social tendency which depresses our initiatives. Few public spaces are provided to students for communication and the only random interaction is seating with dozens of peers in a study room, paddling one's own canoe. I indeed aspire for a lively and open environment to arouse our desire to take an active part in the diversified campus life, and this music hall may be an ideal genrator to reshaping current behavioral patterns.
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SITE Front and Side The insert of the new library destroyed the original texture, leaving the old library (now the administration building) in an embarrassing situation, in front of which the square is used to parking and few people would pass.
SQUARE VIEW
In contrast, although a green path has been built on the site, it doesn't connect with the whole walking system. Beside parked cars and lined buildings close the greenway, so few people chose to this single and far path. Instead, the more typical solution is to walk among the motors.
NANGONG ROAD
NEW LIBRARY
5
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15m
SQUARE
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MENGFANG LIBRARY (CULTURE RELIC)
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-0.90m
5 3
4
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A
D
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R
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1 O
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E IENC AUDNTRY E
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-0.45m
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+0.45m
7 VIP ENTRY
15 +0.55m
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Gound Floor Plan
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N
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W
L
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Y
VIP
Campus Life 1 Multi-Function Hall 2 Cafe 3 Book Bar 4 Student Gallery Play Zone 5 Outdoor Stage 6 Concert Hall 7 VIP Lounge 8 Information Center 9 Rehearsal Hall 10 Bench 11 Dressing Room 12 Technical Control
+6.00m
Other
From LIBRARY
13 Offices 14 Equipments 15 Storage
+5.97m +6.00m
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4 +5.25m
2nd Floor Plan
15
lounge
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R O A D
entry garden
N A N G A O
hall entry
R O A D
gallery
lobby check-in
audience entry
spectator seats
Stage
unloading bridge
W U S I
storerooms
lounge
rehearsal room
bench
piano room
multi-function hall
club
dressing room
clerk lobby Stuff Entry
TO
?
book bar
BACKSTAGE
N
formal informal
cafe
Formal and Informal PAT H
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STRATEGY
PROPOSAL - FORMAL
A
concert hall is often a synonym for formal, but this campus concert hall here must be as solemn as its neighbors? Whether it can just be an informal place, not only to provide an open platform for students, but also to ease the serious aura around. How to degrade a reserved concert hall into a student center to show the open campus culture while preserving its core status as a concert hall?
Informal Campus Life
Walking along the path, you can have a sip in the Cafe 2 adjoin with Multi-functional Hall.
To start from the Entrance Garden 1 , where shielding the outside speeding vehicles, you will enjoy a nice outdoor live in a summer evening.
9
7
Reading party, talent show, lectures, diverse activities w hold in the Multi-functional Hall 3 , where you can easi access to the Book Bar 4 Separated Club Rooms 5 spend your weekends.
8
+5.25m
+0.55m
H
Formal Performance
G
A Audience Entry
E Check Desk
B Lobby
F Concet Hall
C Lounge
G Bench
D Hall Entry
H Rehearsal Hall
F
E
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LITY of INFORMALITY
, will
Also, from the Cafe, you can go upstairs to the Leisure Zone 6 to have a date with someone or just kill time alone. You won't get bored as plenty of exhibitions would be held by various associations, groups, etc. beside there in gallery.
ily get and to
E
7·
5
4
2
6
The Student Gallery 7 is like a ribbon surrounds the Concert Hall 8 on the second floor, so if you are attracted by the performance, don't hesitate to have a look.
3
Or you can immerse into the live show while unwinding in a casual workshop with friends who are just from the library through the Bridge 9 .
1
Roof +14.30m
3rd Floor +10.50m
2nd Floor +6.00m
Interlayer +3.35m
Ground Floor
+0.45m
±0.00m
Basement -3.75m
0 D
C
B
A
Concert Hall Acoustic Performance Analysis dB
dB
morning evening midnight
s
requirment Site Demand
Hz
Site Noise Condition
Noise Isolation Demand（1/3octave）
Reverberation Time
1
2
3m
Finally, as a life generator, this building bonds our campus life and provides a better condition for students, as well as citizens.
IV. Study & Life The bridge over the path further links these two cultural centers - one for study and the other for hobbies. In this way, you can easily switch your condition-working or playing.
III. Open Corner Besides, by setting another entry towards the path between the old and new libraries, there is a potential for the new library doing some adjustments. Thus, this corner would be a lovely place for relaxation.
II. Hybrid Space The space boundaries are blurred to produce composite functions so the whole building is flexible to hold all kinds of activities. You can see or hear what happens in other public places and make a temporary decision to join them.
Start Here! I. The Garden The fuzziness of the interface results in the interaction inside and outside and passers-by are attracted by what is going on in the building and unconsciously walk into the building.
As a culture relic, our campus is op really be accessed by the public as functions - laboratories, library, cla hall as a culture center, welcomes
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pen to everyone but no place can s all the buildings have formal assrooms, etc. But, here, this music everyone to enjoy life!
8¡
LIFE GENERATOR
05 Snowflake Schema Stole Summer 2018 Workshop, Advisor: Benjamin Dillenburger, LI Biao, HUA Hao, TANG Peng Co-work with HUANG Yu and QIN Yu, personal work occupied 45% * personal work include: design: 33%; programming: 80%; fabrication: 50%; presentation(video): 10%; Materialďź&#x161;PLA & Resin & String Tool: Scanner, 3D printer, Python, etc. Third prize in 7th National College Digital Art & Design Awards, 2019 3D printing technology has been widely used in Fashion Design to create incredible forms, but they are unaffordable to ordinary people. Snowflake Schema Stole is a trial to combine clothing with 3D printing fabrication to realize zero-cost Fashion customization and introduce both computational design and digital fabrication into our daily clothing.
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9·
COSTUMIZATION — FABRICATION
Computational intelligence × Digital fabrication × Fashion customization
D
See more on VIDEO:
https://studio.youtube.com/video/-0uifhbYPu8/edit
igital adaptability provides a possibility of zero cost user customization. So in this work, we aimed to work out a type of low-cost 3D printed textile which could be an inspiration to the garment manufacturing industry in the foreseeable future. Meantimes, FDM printers are financially accessible and eco-friendly using renewable material. But there is still a problematic limit due to the material - not as soft as other textiles. In order to soften textiles so that it can like cloth, we worked out a monomer (shaped like a snowflake) with special movable nodes. Woven by the monomers, the textile is as soft and flexible as cloth. Besides, we also conduct body-scanning and post-procedure to fit the body shape. Digital tech makes this production an open platform: customers can even personalize the coverage rate, the unit size or the split form to participate in the design.
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SELF-ADAPTION — COMPUTERIZATION Draft Concept
physical digital
Design Profile Model
Customer
3D SCANER
Point Clouds
SIMPLIFY SPLIT
Triangles Form, Size, Redundancy
Node Trials
Aesthetic, Flexibility Feasibility (based on FDM) Adjustable Parameters ...
Unit Design
PARAMETERS Subdivision Number Coverage Degree Thickness ...
Unit Generator
Unit Models
3D PRINTER
Unit Facets
WEAVING
Product
Surface Split
Unit Generator
LOCATE
CONNECTORS
ANALYSIS
MINUS
COVERAGE
ASSEMBLY
06 Solid Studio Autumn 2017 - Summer 2019 Personal works selection, Leader of Independent Researches Concrete is one basic material in architecture, but students usually lack the experience to feel it - solid or cold are its nicknames, but is that the only case? Forming concrete is a flowing and warm process. What I have done is to explore the possibility of this material in our daily life -after all, most of us live in it. I attended a concrete workshop to perceive the material property from practices. I created a trifurcate prototype to form a dome intending to challenge myself. Unfortunately, the structure collapsed because of the excessive twisting force between two units, which I didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t take into account at the beginning. As an indomitable person, this setback triggered my interest in concrete-making. That's why I founded Solid Studio, an independent inquiry learning team focusing on concrete materiality with the production of handicrafts. By selling productions to cover the costs maybe it is the first touch to Digital Marketing for me.
H y b r i d Tr i a l O u t p u t
Rosy & Starry
M o l d i n g Tr i a l O u t p u t
Tetra
Function: Pendant Material: High-early cement, Epoxy, Color concentrate, Metal fabrication Difficulty: Timing of connection between two materials
Function: Penholder Material: High-early cement, Silica gel, Films Difficulty: Realize the quantitative production
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1¡
Materiality Trial Output
Floating Function: Brush Pot Material: High-early cement, PVC, Sand, Wire Difficulty: Improve load-carrying capacity
Materiality Trial Output
Solid Function: Flowerpot Material: High-early cement, Toner, PVC, Sand Difficulty: Control the texture, Make Water-resistant to protect plants from alkaline, Mold-making
Integration Trial Output
Life Function: Rahmen Material: High-early cement, Films, PVC, Wire Silica sand, Magnet Difficulty: Customization, Mold-making, Joints
07 See Your Sound Winter 2018 Individual Work, a VR Game Demo Tool: Unity 3D, C# Second prize in 7th National College Digital Art & Design Awards, 2019 Can we design new ways of experiencing space? With the emergence of VR technology, some fantastic ideas are no longer drawings, but can be visually realized in an interactive and multi-sensory way, which is a rich and wonderful visual experience that is hard to obtain in reality, which may further blur the border between the virtual and the real. Starting from the computational generation, I try to visualize sound through the rhythm of points, lines, and planes. With the sequence of time, you can be rescued from zero-dimensional to the real world. You can visualize the invisible sound and manipulate the virtual world through the sound but anyway you should back to your real life. Almost everyone is the traveler trapped by Virtual Culture. The point is whether you can save yourself or not. Maybe that is the real story I intend to tell in this demo.
S
toryboard role: A traveler trapped in a collapsing universe due to an error of Time travel machine goal: Try your best to back to the real world
Scenario 1#: Wormhole
Scenario 2#: A World of Points
The hole is expanding by accumulation of your voice. Finally，it gets exploded.
controller: Volumn × Time
controller: Volumn, F
It seems that you are trapped into a Wards as every time they want to go higher they would be rebounded. You are shouting trying to speed them up, but they still can not make it, remaining a brilliant rainfall for you to enjoy.
Scenario 4#: Wards - Breaking controller: Have a Guess :)
Please try you best to break through the barrier if you want freedom. Trigger the Beams to hit the invisible cube until it appears, and then, break it.
After yo Grass Then l into sh
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s
Frequency
Find more on VIDEO:
https://youtu.be/YSsuuCwoA60
You are in the center of the universe, surrounded by stars. All the stars twinkles as you speak. The louder, the brighter. Sometimes meteors occur, they are so absent-minded that you can hit the high notes to calm them down.
ou heal the meteors, comes your bonus time! grows under your feet unconsciously. little points keeps up and the trails are solidified hining lines.
2¡
Scenario 5#: Your Home controller: Frequency, Volumn
Scenario 3#: Linear World controller: Volumn
You eventually see the trees, bats, all the creatures that you are familiar with. It is somewhere in a forest, where is suffering a snowstorm. But you can make some change: Cedars tremble with your rhythm and your voice can grow trees. In the end, red balloons will take you to the deep forest, and as the snow covers you, welcome back!
