Gan Liu | TU Delft + Southeast University | Portfolio 2022 by Gan Liu

BALANCE PORTFOLIO OF GAN LIU SELECTED WORKS [2018-2022]

Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Netherlands Master of Science Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Architecture Track gliu9797@outlook.com | (+31)626973870 | Korvezeestraat 114, 2628 DE, Delft

Usually greatness comes from a natubalance between several opposing qualities. —— Denis Diderot

CONTENTS

01 URBAN IMPROVISATION Residents’ Spontaneous Architectural Practice in Marseille | Sep. 2022 - till now

02 FORMAL-UNFORMOAL-FORMLESS Adaptive Strategy for the Urban Office | Mar.-Jul. 2021

03 CARNIVAL OF NOTES Culture Center for Nanjing Forest Music Festival | Feb.-Apr. 2018

04 REVIVED FOREST Reconstruction and Extension of Campus Fitness Center | Nov.-Dec. 2017

05 FRAMED LEAKAGE Riverside Viewing Pavilion Design | Jan.-Feb. 2022

06 SCULPTURING GROUND Hastahana Centrual Park Design | Feb.-Apr. 2022

07 WEAVING MEMORIES Nanjing City Wall Site Park and Museum Design | May-Jul. 2018

08 SEEING IS BELIEVING Street Greening Design Based on Big Data | May-Jul. 2019

Urban Improvisation

Residents’ Spontaneous Architectural and Urban Practicein Marseille

Borders & Territories Graduation Studio , TU Delft Group Mapping+Individual Research (Individual Design in Progress) Site : Marseille, France Mentor : Marc, Negar Duration : Sep.-Jan. 2021 (Individual Design: Feb.-Jun. 2022)

The Massilia that came into existence around 2000 years ago has turned into a city unlike others in europe. Its millenia long history as a melting pot of cultures and nationalities has led to a complex city. The notion of the disconnected or fractured city echoes through all aspects of the city. This has led to a patchwork of tight-knit communities that connect the Marseillais through mutual respect. This patchwork is described as a planet by the Marseillais themselves, La Planète Mars, a separate entity that supersedes France in their eyes. Marseille is indeed a city of anomalies. Where every patch within the tapestry has their distinct elements that do not repeat themselves in the others. Where life is played out between the deviations that allow people to say, I am first from here, then Marseille and lastly France. Confronted with the multiplicity of possible interpretations and readings of Marseille's underlying workings and relationships, we decided to undertake a compound strategy. The first noticeable characteristic of the city, its relative otherness, albeit not only with regards to other parts of France, but more importantly its structural propensity to undergo 'othering' of its elements. Marseille is composed of various distinguishable spaces — or patches — with properties, in relation to each other and the rest of the city, are somewhat, 'weirdly' emphasised. As one of the biggest port cities of Europe, it represents a heightened transitional character. As people, ideas, beliefs or technologies travel through, they imprint, in one way or another , on the urban fabric.

RECONSTRUCTING MARSEILLE We noticed the presence of certain anomalies, or the ‘other spaces’ in Marseille, which essentially are spaces that somehow stand out and mark their presence in the setting. This observation was made on the basis of satellite images. It randomises the selection process in a way that works in line with our stand on anomality. We then observed that our investigation will first wrestle with the question of a territory, defined through the relationships characterising them and the space between and/or beyond them. We put all the observed heterotopias into the same 2-dimensional space and then experimented with their positioning, relating one to another, finding connections and their extensions which will tell us more about the territory and instigate the process of noticing, distinguishing and analysing their border conditions.

RECONSTRUCTING MARSEILLE We can see the fragmented realm of the urban space as one of opportunities and freedoms, as one in which ‘otherness’ becomes a real possibility. Our study therefore shifted to depicting the ‘othernesses’ of Marseille with which its spirit and (city)sphere is dominant, and distinguish their individual relevance and interdependence within the various processes of the city. We further developed our findings into abstractions, leaving behind only the most characteristic anomalies of each heterotopia. The image of the city is subsequently restructured with its founding based on the causality found within its constituent elements through an oligopolistic lens, precipitating five dominant workings and systems of the city.

* Group Work | Group Members: Agnieszka Omastka; Ewa Ziemiecka; Friso van Dijk; Gan Liu; Raneem Nahawandi; Shaghayegh Vaseghi; Sun Ah Hwang; Weiming Yin; Yifei Zhang; Zofia Sosnierz;

AS A COLLECTION OF ANOMALIES As Foucault describes in Of Other Spaces, “space takes for us the form of relations among sites''. Those relations not only define the extent of the space or territory but also highlight its open and infinite character. Anomalies and the set of relations which defines and extends them beyond themselves present potential for describing the territory and its underlying functioning, because anomalies function fundamentally as mirrors, reflections and inversions of processes within the city.

They can tell us, not only about the deeper meaning of the territory and its characteristics, but also about the relationships that exist between them. We can metaphorically compare them to water droplets on the web. When a droplet falls, it makes the web vibrate which then transmits this vibration to the next one. The vibration therefore defines the space. 4

A THRESHOLD WITHIN THE CITY Port and industrial premises have a strong presence in Marseille, no doubt they are some of the crucial organs sustaining the city. Yet they took the form of a rather restricted zone, and although Marseille and its Industrial part are mutually dependent, they seem to be two distinct cities. We moving in between those two zones, researching this division and border conditions at the edge of the industrial zone and absorbing the tension emerging at the meeting of those two areas. The line separating the two was drawn, it represents the border but also the path we took to explore this separation. Initially, satellite imagery was used to explore the problem. Then we stroll along the border, focusing on other, non-visual, conditions of the border. We explored things like sound, pollution, site’s temporality or absence of light.

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* Group Work | Group Members: Agnieszka Omastka; Ewa Ziemiecka; Friso van Dijk; Gan Liu; Raneem Nahawandi; Shaghayegh Vaseghi; Sun Ah Hwang; Weiming Yin; Yifei Zhang; Zofia Sosnierz;

Absence of light

UNFOLDING THE BORDER & EXPLORING NOTATION Following the previous demarcation of the border between the zones, we decided our map would take the form of a straight line enhanced with a notation system enabling us to record our findings from the border zone. We thus proceeded to the unfolding of the path. Satellite images were cut and reassembled. Next step involved establishing of a relevant notational system which would enable us to record all of the desired aspects of the border condition. We explored various cofigurations and represetations of physical qualities. We pondered on how to represent intensity, increase, reach or temporality, rythm etc.

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The final map trying to analyse the difference between the industrial part and the city. On one side, large scale rowdy machines are surrounded by tall fences, impenetrable, uncrossable.,representing the realm of non-human, dominated by machines and technology. The other side is mainly dominated human presence, it sustains fundamental aspects of human existence in the urban environment. 15m

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URBAN IMPROVISATION

INHABITANTS

IMPROVISATION

As a melting pot of cultures and nationalities, Marseille, especially the port area has many problems such as shortage of housing, shortage of space for people’s daily life, narrow street and high crime rate. Circumstances are constantly changing, so people’s requirements and the problems they face are also continually changing. Architects' one time design are difficult to deal with dynamically changing environments and meet people’s needs at any time. Therefore, people from different background are looking for their own ways to solve or alleviate these looming problems. Marseille belong to and shaped by people who live there. Adapting to changing circumstances by improvisation, people’s spontaneity will inevitably insinuate itself within the practice as creativity, resistance, and response to the crisis.

DESIGN

URBAN PLANNERS & ARCHITECTS

City contains many forgotten pieces of the urban fabric – the dead-end alley, the vacant corner lot, infrastructure’s leftovers. Utilizing eftover space or squeezeing in normal space for improvisation is cheaper and easier for people.

Improvisational practice is makeshift. It’s focus on solving current problems by doing some efficiently and quickly makeshift changes based on current useful structure.

Improvisational practice mainly focusing on meeting people’s current needs, which are often unpredictable or urgent. So most of the times the improvisational practice is under the situation that normal construction materials are not easy to get or not enough. People have to use whatever material they can find for the practice.

Improcisational practice is ad hoc. People bring together various, immediately-to-hand components and create something that is uncommon in the typical design works, like a collage rather than a fully composed work.

FILLING IN THE VACANCY

USING ACCESSIBLE MATERIALS

URBAN FR

OBJECT

FILLING IN THE VACANCY

ADHOCISM

MAKESHIFT

USING ACCESSIBLE MATERIALS

IMPROVISATIONAL PRACTICE During the excursion I found examples for people’s improvisational practice in Marseille. I splited the in to three scales - urban fragment, building and objects. Then I used the four catagories to analysis them and use drawings to further develop the reserch. These collage-like improvisational practice by people from different backgrounds have occurred in all corners of Marseille. These are also the anomolies in Marseille, and they form how Marseille is today together.

FILL IN THE VACANCY

OBJECTS

MAKESHIFT

PRACTICE

BUILDINGS

USING ACCESSIBLE MATERIALS

URBAN FRAGMENT

ADHOCISM

MAKESHIFT

RAGMENT

FILLING IN THE VACANCY

MAKESHIFT

BULDING

USING ACCESSIBLE MATERIALS

ADHOCISM ADHOCISM

1D : ASSEMBLAGE -decontract & recontract -basic structure -fill in the vacancy -makeshift

2.5D : EVENT - Time -Using accessible materials -overlapping -ad hoc

I chose accessable materials - newspaper because it shows the feeling of time pass. And I try to burn it to give it a bit uncontrolable results and finally overlapping all layers together to show that improvisational practice is always happening, they solve current problems and happen agin when problems change.

I try to decontract and recontract the pluster just as the method for the drawings. I experimented with broke it and then stick it back with gaps in between. Pluster fragments work as showing the feeling of the buildings in the city and the gap shows the structure the building provide for improvise practice.

Models & Experiment After converted Marseille's research into drawings, I tried to then comvert them into models. Starting from 1D to 2D and finally 3D and using time as trail, I experiment the potential of improvisation in assemblage, event and atmosphere. Follow the previous four categories for research and drawings, I tries to gradually transform research into space deisgn.

3D : ATMOSPHERE -Design & improvisation -framework -flexibiliy -transparency-accessibility

When transformed into three-dimensional space, I created a flexible tensioned structure using elastic cloth and wooden sticks for pushing and thread for pulling. The framework is fixed, which shows the feeling of stable design while the cloth is space for improvisation. The cloth can create different atmosphere based on people's current needs by pulling and pushing.

Formal-Unformoal-Formless Adaptive Strategy for the Urban Office

MSc2, Public Building Design Studio, TU Delft

Group Work Collaborator : Ruben Schonewille, Sander Meert Site : Hofplein 19-20 , Rotterdam, Netherlands Building Area : 6000 m² Tutors : Sien van Dam, Nicola Marzot Duration : Mar.-Jul. 2021

The paradox of vacancy in dense areas occurs in all Dutch cities. We see that vacancy is strongly connected to the generic: the lack of identity, the lost connection with the urban tissue, and formal unpleasantness. Therefore, vacancy is related to strict functions: according to Cedric Price, “architecture is too slow”. However, we firmly believe that the office, and the office culture, can revitalize with a more interactive course. By focussing on place identity, the urban tissue and the current formal, the urban office can get a new life. Our aim is to develop a strategy that creates a new, specific framework which is based upon the current generic offices and formless processes. With this framework, we aim to balance the functional with the non-functional, the programmed with the non-programmed and the rigid with the improvised. The design should merely be offering an array of different specified spaces which are open for any kind of improvisation. Throughout time, the experimentation within the framework will result in an optimal superimposition of functions, which in turn shows the symbiotic connection between these layers.

MAKING THE CURRENT INFORMAL FORMAL The strategy starts with cataloguing the processes that are already there. These processes are seen as the informal. These informal unilateral functions are being extrapolated by the addition of a built structure to house these functions. This structure can be seen as the Network for these functions: the Network itself is made by the symbiotic relationships between the different functions. This process is seen as the formalization of the informal. The process itself is never-ending: with everything that starts, a chain reaction of new relationships starts.

old buildings

Site bombing borders

Give space for new relationships: build a symbiotic network

Extrapolate the current to informalise the formless and the formal

Reconstruction Area

EMON ST IC D

Catalogue what is already there

AL GARDEN

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IC E

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giving spaces for the new functions 13

new connections with the city, neighbourhood and the plot

IS U

new urban informality connecting on different scales

FORMLESS - INFORMAL - FORMAL A new adaptive strategy for the urban office can be made by superimposing layers of multiplicity to these generic spaces. After the analysis of what is already on the site, we realize that the addition of a new framework and a network can allow for the superimposition of different processes that are present on the site.

PUBLIC SPACE INTERGRADTION

ADDITION OF THE INFORMAL

INTERACTION BETWEEN THE FORMAL, INFORMAL AND FORMLESS

'OFFICE' NETWORK

The top diagram shows how the current formless and formal processes exist on the site. They each happen on their own, lacking interaction. The bottom diagram shows where this happens: there where the different processes overlap is where we introduce the 3rd matter, the new framework. Office culture

Office culture

Communal gardens Communal gardens

Public demonstration Public demonstration

Leisure Leisure

sport area

market

public culture

delivery system

cafe

after work

online working

individual work physical

OFFICE public gardens

meeting group work break

forum restaurant

active space

informal space

classic office

exterior space

formal space

FORMLESS

The facade has multiple layers, giving informal space to the formless and the formal. The first layer is the platonic solids in the direct façade. These are giving cover to the gallery and have a constructive function. The metal wire curtains behind them are the first adaptive layer to the usage of space: user can get more shading or privacy for their activities. The third layer, which is the curtain wall, are openable as well. Behind the curtain wall is a heavy insulation curtain for more privacy. Concluding, it can be seen that the different layers in the facade are a gradient of ‘very public’ to ‘a bit less public’.

INFORMAL

INFORMAL FORMAL

1. Platonic body shape, constructive element 1. Platonic body shape, constructive element 2. Translucent metal wire curtain 2. Translucent metal wire curtain 3. Moveable curtain wall facade 4. Heavy thermal insulation curtain element 1. Platonic body shape, constructive 3. Moveable curtain wall facade 2. Translucent metal wire curtain 3. Moveable curtain wall facade 4. Heavy thermal insulation curtain 4. Heavy thermal insulation curtain

GARDEN

CULTURE

FORMLESS

MEETING

FORMAL

FACADE PRINCIPLES

Floor pavement Heat Diffuse Pipe Sound Insolation Thermal isolation Water-proof Layer Concrete slab Keel beam Drop celling Aluminum facade Horizontal keel Vertical keel Concrete cladding

Floor pavement Keel beam Water-proof Layer Thermal isolation Vapor barrier Slope finding Concrete slab

20mm 60mm 20mm 50mm 5mm 150mm 250mm 15mm

30mm 40mm 50mm 100mm

20mm 60mm 5mm 70mm 5mm 35mm 120mm

FIRST FLOOR

The current formless will be added to the current formal processes. With the interaction between formless and formal, and formless and informal and formless, the new urban office will gain momentum in its urban tissue. The built construc function as a host, catalysator and network for this new interaction. GROUND FLOOR 1.

1. entrance office 2. commercial spaces 3. entrance informal structure 4. entrance rooftop 5. flexible office space 6. coorperate office space

SECOND FLOOR 1.

THIRD FLOOR

1. place for discussion 2. lecture hall 3. flexible office space 4. coorperate office space 5. restaurant 6.sports rooftop 7. bridge structure

1. exposition space 2. workshop rooms 3. flexible office space 4. coorperate office spa 5. sports facilities

4. 3.

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1. 5.

3. 6.

wintergarden, research labs, seed vaults, classic office. WORK + GARDEN = PEACEFUL OFFICE 17

public agora, theater, restaurant, classic office. WORK + DISCUSSION = INTERACTIVE OFFICE

exhibition + performance space, workshops, classic o WORK + ART = CREATIVE OFFICE

1. tree research lab 2. entrance structure 3. flexible office space 4. coorperate office space 5. parkinglot

informal ction will

FOURTH FLOOR 1. winter garden 2. flexible office space 3. coorperate office space 4. workshop rooms

ace

office.

1. 3.

public roofgarden, classic office. WORK + PARK VIEW = PARK OFFICE

All the formal, informal and formless processes are now coming togeth charecter. All the activities happen based on people's needs, th

her.This is the new informal office while the office is not only the main he section shows an example of open useage of the budilng.

ku.oc.gnihcaocdac

Carnival of Notes

Culture Center For Forest Music Festival

Architectural Design Studio IV-1, SEU Individual Work Site : Couple Park , Nanjing, China Building Area : 4000 m² Instructor : Yu Chuanfei Duration : Feb.-Apr. 2018

Nanjing Forest Music Festival has been held for many years and is a very important annual music event in Nanjing.The project is to design a music culture center in the Couple Park, the venue of the Forest Music Festival in the next few years.The project not only needs to meet various needs during the Festival time, but also focuses on daily civic engagement: exploring more possible ways for people to enjoy music in normal times.Topography and scenery also need to be considered. Through the analysis of traditional relationship between the audience and the musicians, I made a number of routes running through the interior and exterior to form a variety of stages. Through the interweaving of these routes, boundary between audience and musicians has been blurred.Through balancing these two opposite behaviour——viewing and performing, real Music Carnival that belonging to all people can be realized.

EXSISTING CONDITIONS Couple park is located in the center of Nanjing, on the north side of Zijin mountain and near Xuanwu Lake. Its terrain is undulating, and in different directions, people can see beautiful scenery of mountains and lakes, as well as the skyline of the city.The site of the project is a typical representative of the park. As the venue of Nanjing Forest Music Festival,there is not a separation from the city.Festival-related infrastructures and buildings such as accommodations,restaurant and campsite are loosely spread out. And the park has many facilities for residents' daily activities.Therefore, Couple park not only has the potential to hold the annual music event, but also is suitable for people to come to enjoy music and scenery everyday.

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VIEW VS PERFORM The project aimed at breaking the traditional view-perform relationship through adding side musical activities. By increasing the opportunities for musicians and residents to enjoy music and learn from each other, the boundary between viewing and performing can be blurred. Types of new activities are based on musical needs and original residents’ behavior.

The places to enjoy music spread throughout interior and exterior, bringing people a richer experience. And people can enjoy different scenery while enjoying music.

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IDENTITY RE-COGNITION Based on terrain, Building provides people with many kinds of places for daily musical activities: residents learn music from musicians and turn them into performances; musicians take inspiration from residents' performances and turn them into create tracks. In this cycle, everyone has dual identity of spectator and actor, like in the medieval carnival in Europe——roles and ego overlap each other. Eventually at Forest Music Carnival, everyone's expression of music will reach its peak.

Touch & Percept

See & Hear

Encounter & Separate

Transparency

Sight Discrepancy

Reality & Inagination

This role swap is happening in different ways at different times of the day.Ramps connect these stories.

INTERWOVEN ROUTES Multiple slopes that run through the interior and exterior according to the terrain are extensions of the park road. Together with the curtain, they define and connect different part of spaces, which are the places where various music activities take place.

People who originally had two opposite identities had the opportunity to intervene in another role because of interlaced routes, and also had the opportunity to exchange roles.

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Outdoor Ramp Music Salon Studio Outdoor Stage Exhibition Hall Memorial Square Cafe

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Concert Hall Backstage Library Classroom Meeting Room Festival Stage

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TRAJECTORY OF TRANSFORMATIONS Continuous sections show the trajectory of people moving from south to north. the identities of Audience and Musician change back and forth in the trajectory. And from scattered to holistic, from interweaving to pure, building space also shows continuous changing characters on different sections.

Section A-A

Section B-B +12.0 m

Section C-C +25.0 m

Section D-D +35 .0 m

Section E-E+50.0 m

Section F-F+65.0 m 27

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First Floor Plan

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Outdoor Ramp Music Salon Studio Outdoor Stage Memorial Square Exhibition Hall (Enterance I) Cafe Backstage (Powder Room)

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Classroom Concert Hall Enterance II Library Meeting Room Dining Area Backstage (Clothing Room) Classroom

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Second Floor Plan

CURVES ON FACADE According to the rhythm of music, the curtain wall has ups and downs. Between indoor and outdoor, it adds the richness of transparency to the space and use curves on facade.to guide people.

SECTION DETAIL

GUIDE OF CURVES Multiple curves of interior space guide the streamline and indicate important space. Having a variety of vertical logic, the center links indoor space with outdoor ramp at different heights. In this way, streamlines between citizens and musicians form closed loop, which have no real end.

REAL CA

In the Annual Nanjing Forest Music Festival, the boundary between citizens and m On the stage with different characteristic

ARNIVAL

musicians disappears completely. Everyone is an actor, and everyone is an audience. cs, everyone is enjoying the real carnival.

Revvived Forest

Reconstruction and extension design of campus fitness center Architectural Design Studio III-2, SEU Individual Work Site : Southeast University , Nanjing Building Area : 3000 m² Instructor : Jiang nan Duration : Nov. - Dec. 2017

Southeast University campus was founded in 1902 and is key national heritage conservation units in China. The old gym is one of the most famous buildings on the campus and is still in use today. However, the original gym can no longer meet the sports needs of the teachers and students on campus, so it is considered to be rebuilt and expanded. The historical value of the old stadium needs to be protected during the reconstruction process. And at the same time, the old stadium is located on the border of the campus and close to the city. Therefore, in this project, the gym’s openness need to increase and serve not only the campus members but also the nearby residents. New and old, city and campus, architecture and landscape, public and private, this site is full of these opposing elements. In this project, I tried to use the architecture as a medium to achieve a peaceful transition between these elements, and finally let them achieve dynamic balance through the new stadium.

SITE ANALYSIS The old gym is located on the west side of the campus.Facades on campus is basically European-style, and the old stadium is an important part of the overall campus appearance.o the west, The gym is next to Jinxianghe Road, the grassland between Jinxianghe Road is the base of the new hall. The main area outside the campus is residential areas, and residents like to come to campus for sports. To the north is the famous Six Dynasties Pine.

FOREST EVOLUTION The design is generated in the transition of opposite elements in different directions: tree-shape columns forest becomes a compromise between architecture and landscape, the transition from new to old is implied by the roof. And there is a public - private transition from the trunk to the treetop. By investigating the activities of nearby teachers, students, and residents, these spaces with different attributes are linked to different sports.

7 1

5 6

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First Floor Plan

The interior of the old gym was originally a multi-functional stadium with high-rise. The facade was divided into three floors, but the floor height was low. Therefore, I changed this large-span space to the new stadium, so openness is increased and people can get more useful sport space. Then, like the clouds winding on the branches, multiple smallscale platforms with different heights are added in the old gymnasium as semi private spaces such as classrooms.

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Enterance (old gym) History Exhibition Mini Library Discussion area Cafe Restaurant Sinking square Enterance (new gym) Rock Climbing area Rest Area Exhibition Hall

12 multi-fuctional stadium 13 Tabble Tennis 14 Locker Room 15 Squash court 16 Exercise Apparatus 17 Yoga area 18 Runway 19 Class Room 20 Rest Area 21 Dance room

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Underground Floor Plan

NEW LIFE IN OLD GYM People's behaviors and routes are simulated by model making. Platforms of different heights correspond to the positions of windows on the old facade. People on the platforms not only have their own activities, but also can communicate with each other through vision.

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Second Floor Plan

Thind Floor Plan

NEW AN

The contrast between the old and the new shows by the roof. The new and o the transparent space in the middle, a second tra

ND OLD

old buildings have their own characteristics and are also in harmony. Through ansition is formed, and a new balance is achieved

The zigzag roof implies a large-span space. It is the most public space at the bottom of the forest.

Platforms of different heights provide multiple spaces for viewing but not easy to reach. They are semi private spaces on the top of a tree

FRAMED LEAKAGE

Riverside Viewing Pavilion Design

Architectural Competition

Group Work Collaborator : Jutang Gao, Yueci Jiang Site : Sanqiao Wetland Park , Nanjing, China Building Area : 200 m² Duration : Feb. 2022

The site is located by the Yangtze River and has rich vertical landscape resources. From the Yangtze River to the fallen leaves to the sunset, there are different views in different directions and heights. Outdoor space is the main focus of this project. We hope that the buildings located in the park can maximize the use of the surrounding outdoor resources, introduce the views into the pavilion and become a part of it. And at the same time, the pavilion can also become a part of the landscape. So in this project we try to explore the penetration and balance between indoor and outdoor, architecture and nature. Different from the usual approach using indoor space as the main research object, this project uses outdoor space as the main volume, and uses subtraction to obtain the corresponding indoor space. Indoor and outdoor are equally important for architecture, and indoor and outdoor do not mean Depending on the inside and outside of the building, there can be both indoor space and outdoor space inside the building. In this pavilion, the indoor space and the outdoor space have reached an experiential balance.

EXSISTING CONDITIONS Yangtze River is Nanjing's most important river and has many famous bridges on it. Located in the Sanqiao Wetland Park, where the Yangtze River interfaces with the Qinhuai River, the project is proficient with natural water resources and vegetation diversity. The place this Pavilion occupied is multidimensional in landscape-scale - ponds, fish, trees, and birds surrounded by, bridge and riverbank be seen from the head up, the sunset gaze into the distance and overview from bird view. Four different scales of views require corresponding viewing platforms on different height and directions with different mental states respectively.

Ponds

Forest

Green

Bridge

Sunset

"Jude" - Exterior

Subtraction

River

Interior

‘’ 匤 ‘’ means box in chinese ancient books, which shapes like an open box with a piece of jade embedded. The "jade" is shaped by the viewings platforms. While using the wooden structure as a box to accommodate the outdoor landscape space, as a "jade", the interior space could be then shaped by the "jade" and the woodem structure.

photography studio

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

Park Conservation Office Plant Research Studio

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

THIRD FLOOR PLAN

Office

Viewing Platform

FOURTH FLOOR PLAN

ROOF PLAN

INTERIOR VS EXTERIOR We use the concept of '' 匤 '' to redefine the value of the interior and exterior of a building. The outdoor space "jade" organized with views and viewing platforms as the main factors is the core space of the project, and the indoor space is attached to it. We try to break the traditional form that the outdoor space is outside the building, and the indoor space is inside the building. But explore the new form that the outside is inside, and the inside wraps the outside, and finds a new balance between interior and exterior space. At the same time, the meticulous framework reinterprets the technique of missing scenes in traditional chinese gardens, making "jade" an object to be viewed.

Roof

Wooden Rafter

Glazing Enclosure

Bamboo Louver

"Jade"

Wooden Frame

SECTION

The outdoor space can be vertical, not necessarily only along the ground, and the building does not only represent the indoor space. There are many landscapes at different vertical levels in different directions around the site of this scheme. The building can provide people with an effective vertical space for viewing, and can provide corresponding indoor space for research and office.

Framed Leakage

DECONSTRUCTION

Viewing is an important function carried by the pavilion. At the same time, the setting of the interior space is largely determined by the different surrounding landscapes at different heights, and the continuity between different interior spaces is not the focus of the building. In this pavilion, people can experience a continuous vertical outdoor space, and at different heights, they can always experience the feeling of immediately entering the interior from the outside.

三夹层平面 M3 Floor Plan

屋顶平面 Roof Plan

“玉” Jade

剖面 Section

木构架 Woo

匤漏 Frame

一层平面 1st Floo

Exterior : The "interior space" of "Jade" is a continuous outdoor space. From entering the building to reaching viewing platforms on different heights, people can experience continuous vertical changes.. 二层平面 2nd Floor Plan

三夹层平面 M3 Floo

Interior: actural interior space is formed by the gap between the wooden frame and the "Jade" in the center. The indoor functions on different floors correspond to the views that can be seen from the viewing platform in the "Jade".

SCULPTURING GROUND Hastahana Centrual Park Design

Architectural Competition

Group Work Collaborator : Jutang Gao, Yueci Jiang Site : Hastahana Park , Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina Building Area : 20000 m² Duration : Feb.-Apr. 2022

Grassland Natural Exterior Open

Concrete Artificial Interior Close

Sculpturing is a flexible figure-altering operation by using natural materials and shapes. Hastahana park stands at a crossroad of the historical and the greenland axis in central Sarajevo. By sculpturing the park we could enjoy a natural and cultural synthesis in Sarajevo. Sculpture represents many aspects of Sarajevo's society and are thus excellent for symbolism. The project intended to artificially generate a ‘natural’ place by sculpturing the ground. It is lovely to see the whole ground covered with lawns and trees integrated with multi-functional programs. The curvy terraces represent Sarajevo's tortuous history and a mixture of different cuisine, languages, and religions. The free-roaming lawn minimized human intervention in this place. By balance the nature and community, we created an natureinspired, and community-led solution for urban regeneration and activation of the public park. By slightly sculpturing the land we tried to adapt it to the original terrain to reduce the earth movement. The project conforms to the topography of the site, and changes the site with minimal operations, so that the site can meet the needs of people while retaining the original topography, green space and plants as much as possible, so as to preserve the precious natural resources in the city for people.

CONTEXT ANALYSIS Hastahana stands at a crossroad of the historical and the greenland axis in central Sarajevo. The emerging modern business centre brought this site a specific opportunity to transform into a attraction for citizens and tourists. 51

NATURAL AND CULTURAL By researching the historical and urban significance as well as the topography of the site, we not only design for the conditions, culture, and heritage of the site itself, but also design for its surroundings and people who will use it. We give respectful consideration to the site’s context, including its natural and cultural heritage, both tangible and intangible. CONNECTION Use ADA-accessible road to connect different levels

ADA-accessible Roads

INTENSIFICATION Intensify multifunctional programs on different levels

Terrace Cafe Gathering Playground Lawn

DIFFERENTIATION Create different levels according to split methodology

SPLIT 2 Public Consultation Analysis

Cross Sections

Split the site to create five levels regarding different programs

SPLIT 1 Longitudinal Section

Residence

Main Road

Commercial Administrative Healthcare

Secondary Road

Surrounding

Transportation

Split the site to connecting northern and southern side

Religious

MERGE Open Space

Trees

Boundary

Greenland

Open Space

merge the higher point and the lower point with road level Greenland

CURRENT Current site situation - two cliffs along the roads Infrastructure

PROGRAM ANALYSIS Define the land with six mian programs based on different levels

Sunpath

ENERGY TRANSITION ANALYSIS The solar box and the water box will collect the energy and water towards the whole site

SLOPE ANALYSIS Define the site with three slope ranges with different construction approaches

ACTIVE TIMELINE The project concentrated different programs based on their timeline. For example, a plaza can hold a market in morning and some outdoor performances in the afternoon, while a service center could serve as a coffee house and a restaurant on one day respectively. The park evoke a positive functional and visual impact on the visitors, as well as the surrounding context. The transformed area becomes a distinctive and significant urban site with different functions for different visitors .

Different approaches to maintain the original terrain and reduce the earth movement.

Solar Panels

Energy Distribution

Water Storage

PARK FOR ALL The project concentrated different programs to serve different groups of people. No matter who you are and how old this park would be a perfect place for you to gather, socialize and exercise at different time in a day. It is a PARK FOR

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I. BASKETBALL COURT 55

II. LAWN

Basketball C

Lawn

Skate Park

Gathering P

Coffee Hou

Terrace Squ

III. SKATE PARK & RECYCLE SYSTEM

are you, ALL.

Court & Recycle System

Place

use

uare

IV. GATHERING PLACE

V. COFFEE HOUSE

TERRACE SQUARE 56

Weaving Memories

Nanjing City Wall Site Memorial Park Design

Architectural Design Studio IV-2, SEU

Group Work Collaborator : Kong yu, Chang xiaoxu, Yu jing Site : Gui Mount , Nanjing, China Building Area : 40000 m² Instructor : Tang peng, Tang jun Duration : May-Jul. 2018 Redesigned in Sep.-Nov. 2019

The city wall was an important part of ancient Chinese cities. It defined the boundaries of a city. As ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, Nanjing has part of the City Walls of Ming Dynasty. However, as time went on, city walls no longer had defensive effects, and gradually being demolished. However, as mentioned in Liang sicheng and Zhanxiang Chen’ famous ‘Liang & Chen Proposal’, City Wall can be a belt park which provide citizens an amazing perspective to look at the history and a coherent walking system beyond the busy traffic. In the project, we hope to take the city wall ruins as a fulcrum, and use the park as a pedestrian link that balances the dynasty and modernity. So 600 years of time can converge in this space. And people can find historical memories and are awakened to the protection of the city walls here.

TRACING HISTORY The city wall of Nanjing was built in the Ming Dynasty, and it has four layers—Miyagi, Imperial City, Jing City and Waiguo. Miyagi and Imperial City wall are Quadrate.But Jing City and The Waiguo City Wall was built according to Nanjing’s mountains and water systems, so each part has its own characteristics. Now there are only 25.1 kilometers wall left. The site of the project is the Xianhemen part located on Waiguo.The area where the ruin is located is currently a grassland, which is the site of the city wall park. At present, Xianhemen part are well-preserved, surrounded by residential areas, and the traffic is developed.

QUADRUPLE MEMORIES Through the analysis of the 600-year history of the quadruple city wall, we map these historical changes to the site. During the tour from west to east, people can experience different kind of relationships between themselves and city wall. In this process,people can gradually awaken memories of the history of Nanjing city walls.

The design concept not only come from ancient paintings, but also from our research on people nearby. And The park not only plays a role in protecting the city wall and arousing the historical memory, but also is a place for the surrounding residents and tourists to relax and visit. According to the current situation of the site, the restoration of the painting scenes and the needs of people, we have determined the location, function and form of each building.

Passing the situation of the surrounding evironment give the site a feature of "passing by", which means people seldom choose to stay there

BOND O

The main path in the park serves as a bond of time, intertwined with th west. Walking on this bond is like strolling in the picture,

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PROTOTYPE OF WALLS In the design of architectural nodes, we emphasized the "wall" element. We explored how to realize the different relationship between people and the city wall through the use of walls. In this way, a new balance was reached between the ruins and modern life through the 'wall'.The city wall, which lost its original defensive function, was rejuvenated and played an important role in carrying the historical memory.Through research and innovation on the relationship between walls and landscapes in ancient Chinese gardens, we have designed some types of walls. 65

Enterance Stairs Tourist Center Garden Tearoom Linshui Pavilion Cultural lawn Museum Wangshang Pavilion Monument City wall

Parallel · Climb

OF TIME

he city wall, and connects important nodes in the four parts from east to , people’s memory of history is awakened at this moment.

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Stack · Walk

Zigzag · Display

Crisscross · Overlook

CLUSTER ANALYSIS After clustering 800000 previously downloaded street view images, seven clustering results are obtained. Then observe their characteristics and confirm their geographical location on the map.It can be seen that some kinds of street scenes are similar in distribution, while others are only distributed in specific areas.

BOND OF TIME After clustering 800000 previously downloaded street view images, seven clustering results are obtained. Then observe their characteristics and confirm their geographical location on the map.It can be seen that some kinds of street scenes are similar in distribution, while others are only distributed in specific areas.

Passing the situation of the surrounding evironment give the site a feature of "passing by", which means people seldom choose to stay there

Seeing is Believing

Street Greening Design Based on Big Data

Architectural Design Studio VI-2, SEU Group Work

Collaboration : Pan Wenwei, Wang xun, Hao han

Instructor : Li li, Vahid Moosavi Duration : May-Jul. 2019

Since the middle 1990s, China has carried out a largescale urban construction campaign, and a large area of urban fringe has become a reinforced concrete jungle. High-speed urban expansion has led to many problems, especially urban greening. We found that a large number of high-density urban areas, although the afforestation rate is up to the standard, but people's experience of afforestation is not ideal. The real greening level of an area is not only evaluated by afforestation rate, but also by human perception. Green vision rate is also an important index for evaluating the ecological environment of human settlements in a region. In this research, we hope to study green vision rate in high-density urban areas nationwide on the basis of big data. And explore a design assistant system to help balance tree resources with people's best city greening experience.

POPULATION ANALYSIS Divide the Chinese map into multiple blocks by 1km*1km grid, use Geoq to climb the total population of each block, and select out those blocks with a population of more than 5,000 people per square kilometer. 56,909 blocks were selected

SATELLITE MAP ANALYSIS Extract the satellite map (512 * 512 pixcel) of each block from Baidu map, write a program to traverse each pixel, and use the following formula to determine whether it is a green pixel. Green pixel represents plane greening, and green pixels on each satellite image accounts for the total pixel is the greening rate of the block.

VISUAL GREEN ANALYSIS For every street in each block,Take street view photos every 50 meters. Adjust the camera angle of the street view, and get the street view photo from Baidu map api. Then write a program to analysis of street view photo green pixels, calculate the visual green rate of the block.

Beijing

Shanghai

Nanjing

Chongqing

Beijing

Shanghai

Nanjing

Chongqing

CLUSTER RESULT

FURTHER RESEARCH Further analysis of the results of clustering, and study the relationship between their characteristics and the plane greening rate. It can be seen that when there is a large difference in the greening rate of the plan, the greening rate has a greater impact on the green vision rate, while when the greening rate of the two blocks is similar, the influencing factors of the green vision rate are more complex.

according to the clustering results the similarity degree of plane greening rate, similar blocks can be correlated. Finally, we make it as an assistant system. Designers can use this system to query the specific situation of other cases similar to the site to assist the design better and faster.

EXSISTING CONDITIONS With the help of assistant system, we make a re-greening plan for a street near us. Zhongshan North Road is located in the center of Nanjing. The population density nearby is very high, but the road is narrow and there are many high-rises on both sides of the road. Therefore, the greening and lighting conditions of the entire road are not very good. After obtaining the geographic coordinates of the site, we located it in the auxiliary system and got relevant excellent block cases and basic information of the site from the system. Through comparative study of these cases, we made adjustments to the greening of Zhongshan North Road in order to get a higher green vision rate and a more comfortable passing experience for people.

Through the study of simi

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City Garden Square Basketball Court Rose Garden Rest Area

ilar blocks, we focus on re planning the level of sidewalk, the specific functions of surrounding green space and the types of trees.

Before

After

Compared with the difference before and after planning, the re planed street has abundant landscape and more activity sites. The rate of green vision increased significantly. And the plan green rate changes little.

Unit is scalable. Two strips are a group, ans six groups are interspersed with each other. The nodes are fixed with rubber bands. When stowed, units only take up a little space. After being opened, the bamboo strips are restrained from each other to form a stable tetrahedron structure.

All combinations of monomers rely on the overlap of monomers without using additional connectors. So that monomers can be turned into a structure speedily. Finally we chose the third form, which can provide maximum shelter.

Portable units was brought to Japan by ourselves. Construction process took only 15 minutes, and the final structure was very stable. All materials used are recyclable. The entire construction journey in Japan confirms the potential it has to become a temporary shelter for the people in the disaster area and contribute to disaster relief.

BIRD’S PICKING

Japanese Student Summer Seminar (Construction Competition) Mitsuhiro Kaneda Award

Group Work Collaboration : Gao jutang, Jiang yueci, Zhu zhihai, Qin Yu, Qin Lingtian, Chen yiyao Construction Site : Tokyo, Japan Tutor : Guo yimin , Zhou lin Duration : Jun.-Jul. 2018

The idea came from the Investigation of post-disaster reconstruction in Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan, China. After the earthquake, people urgently need temporary shelters. But the lack of resources has seriously affected this process. Therefore, our group hopes to use local materials to design an environmentally friendly, lightweight and quickly built structure to help people . The material is a specialty of Sichuan——bamboo. Bamboo has low density and is environmentally friendly. We use the toughness and elasticity of it to design retractable units, and they can form usable space in a short time. In this project, we explore the balance of the structure as well as the balance of time and space.