Construction Flipbook

CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS FLIPBOOK PART C JASPREET KAUR 699094 TUTOR: RAYMOND CHEUNG CASE STUDY: THE BLACK HOUSE SECTION NO. 12 PLAN PORTION: B

[1] EXCAVATION/ SERVICES DESCRIPTION

1. Turn off services 2. Put up signs to inform people of danger 3. Bulldoze existing house 4. Remove debris and rubble 5. Get land surveyor to determine boundaries 6. Plumber finds existing services

Informs people of impending construction so that they aren't injured.

SIGNS

EXCAVATOR LASER LEVELLER

Used to create foundation trenches

SECTION - STEP 1

Caps are placed on the pipes to prevent concrete or debris from going in during construction String is placed above soil to indicate the position of the pipes underground

Uses a laser to check the level of the ground.

[2] GROUND FLOOR SUPPORT DESCRIPTION

1. Excavator digs foundation trenches 2. Compacted sand is put on top to stop water 3. Covered by vapour barrier (waterproofing) 4. Reinforced mesh is put on top of bar chairs 5. Hydronic heating is attached to the mesh vis ties 6. Concrete is poured, and smoothed out 7. Rebates are made for the wet areas 8. Air pockets are removed by a machine that vibrates

Barchairs Connection of Mesh to Hydronic heating

CONCRETE TRUCK

FOUNDATION TRENCHES AND SERVICE PIPES

Removes air pockets from the concrete slab 1.

CONCRETE VIBRATOR HYDRONIC HEATING AND REINFORCED MESH

1.

HYDRONIC HEATING

COMPACTED SAND

SECTION - STEP 2 REINFORCED MESH

2.and 3.

2.

VAPOUR BARRIER CONCRETE

3.

4.

4.

[3] STEEL STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION

-Simple to fabricate -Easier to connect with bolts and plates -Simple to erect -Less costly than rigid -Cannot resist lateral loading. stability is provided by bracing.

FLEXIBLE JOINT

SECTION - STEP 3 PAKKA Level's out columns to make them the same height

1. Steel beams and columns are delivered to site 2. Each column is laid at the place they are to be bolted 3. Rebates are cut to hide the base plate 4. Base plates are cut to fit into rebates 5. Pakka are placed under columns to make all columns the same height 6. Columns are bolted into the ground 7. Beams are welded or bolted to the columns

TOP PLATE

[4] GROUND FLOOR FRAME DESCRIPTION - Protects the frame from any liquid that may get betweeen the gap

NOGGIN

BOTTOM PLATE

VAPOUR BARRIER

Holds the timber and steel column tightly together to prevent movement

PROPS

Supports the wall using an angled prop to support the load while construction continues

SECTION - STEP 4

CLAMP Frames are made onsite

- Two diagonal supports placed in an x shape - Support compression and tension forces - Reinforces building structures

CROSS-BRACING

1. Timber is delivered onsite 2. Frame is made onsite 3. Propped into place and connected to steel structure 4. Bracing is placed on frame to stabilise against wind

ALUMINIUM WEB

[5] NAIL PLATE

FIRST FLOOR STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION

1. Prefabricated trusses are brought to site 2. Put on top of framing in position 3. Connected to framing and steel structure 4. Underlay is put on top to created the floor for the first floor

TIMBER FRAME

SECTION - STEP 5

FLEXIBLE JOINT NAIL PLATE

[6] 1ST FLOOR FRAME DESCRIPTION

1. Timber is delivered onsite 2. Frame is made onsite 3. Propped into place and connected to steel structure 4. Bracing is placed on frame to stabilise against wind

Tightens and holds bracing in place - A sheet of plywood attached to the frame - Supports compression and tension forces - Reinforces building structures

BUCKLE

CROSS-BRACING

SHEET-BRACING

SECTION - STEP 6

LINTEL

-Horizontal members placed over window, door and other openings -Carries loads to adjoining studs

[7]

TIMBER BATTENS

ROOF STRUCTURE 1. Trusses are delivered onsite 2. Trusses are laid in their positions 3. Trusses are turned in upright position to connect to steel structure 4. Battens are laid on top of trusses 5. Bracing is placed over the batten to strengthen the structure

TIMBER FRAME

WEB

Steel Joist Hangers are attached to the timber beams and joists are sloted into the gap a screwed into place

STEEL JOIST HANGER

SECTION - STEP 7

Trusses are laid out on to of the frame

Turned upright,so that it can be connected to the existing structure

[8] WINDOW SYSTEMS Prevents the passage of water into the structure

TIMBER STUD FRAMING

BOLTS

EARTH

DESCRIPTION

1. Windows are delivered to the site 2. Placed in openings created for them 3. Above some openings are lintels that help to distribute weight and to support the roof

FLASHING

POWERTRUSS

Screwed into the timber frame

The lintel distributes the weight onto the other studs

SECTION - STEP 8

- Lateral bracing - Light-weight metal truss frame - Used for areas with large span of glass and few walls

FLEXIBLE JOINT

POWERTRUSS

TIMBER STUD WALL

ALUMINIUM ROOF SHEET

ALUMINIUM SHEET

BOX GUTTER

FLASHING

BATTENS

[9]

ROOF COVER DESCRIPTION

INSULATION

1. Reflective Foil and insulation are placed on top of the battens 2. Box Gutters are placed on every edge 3. Aluminium Sheets are placed on topand screwed to the battens

REFLECTIVE FOIL AND INSULATION BOX GUTTER

REFLECTIVE FOIL

SARKING

INSULATION WOOL

INSULATION

SECTION - STEP 9

BATTENS

ROOF SHEET

The bend on the edge of the roof sheet is put there, so that water does not come back up

BOX GUTTER

BATTENS TIMBER STUD WALL

SCREWS

FOAM

TIMBER STUD WALL

- Each sheet is connected by a plastic joint - It is indivudually painted

[10]

WEATHERTEX

EXTERNAL CLADDING

WEATHERTEX

NAILS

SCAFFOLDING

- Temporary structure - Supports people and materials - Allows workers access to hard to reach areas

DESCRIPTION

PLASTIC JOINT

VAPOUR BARRIER

RENDER VAPOUR BARRIER

FOAM/RENDERING

- Foam is placed before the render - Render sticks more effectively on the foam surface

SECTION - STEP 10

Spray painting panels to get the black colour

This wall is not rendered as it leans against the neighbouring building

SPOTTED GUM TIMBER

1. Weathertex - Painted Black on site - Nailed to timber stud 2. Timber Cladding - Painted black - Attached to balconies and deck areas 3. Render/Foam - Foam is attached to frame - Rendered charcoal on top 4. Spotted Gum Timber - Internal and external cladding - Clicks into one another

[11] SERVICES DESCRIPTION

OUTLET OF WATER FOR BATH

PVC PIPES FOR PLUMBING POWERPOINT

ELECTRICAL WIRING FOR LIGHTS

SECTION - STEP 11 HOT AND COLD WATER TAP AREA

1. Connections are made to the main source 2. Sewerage pipes are put in the kitchen, laundry, bathrooms and toilets 3. Gas connections are put in the kitchen and to the hot water system 4. Hot water is connected to the kitchen, laundry and bathroom Water connection is put in the toilet, kitchen, laundry and bathroom

PLASTERBOARD

THIN-SET MORTAR

TILES GROUT

FINISHING TRADES

TIMBER STUD WALL

NAILS

WATERPROOFING CONCRETE FLOOR

ADHESIVE UNDER PAD FINISHED WALL

CARPET

PLASTERBOARD BATT INSULATION

BATTENS UNDERLAY

SECTION - STEP 12

[12] DESCRIPTION

1. Insulation goes into the walls 2. Plaster is placed onto top of the frame 3. Walls and ceilings are painted 4. Tiles are laid in the wet area 5. Carpet is installed in bedrooms 6. Concrete is polished 7. Lighting is installed 8. Amenities such as the sinks, basins, bathtubs, etc installed

HYDRONIC HEATING

[SELECTED DETAILS] REINFORCED MESH

BARCHAIRS

ALUMINIUM WEB TIMBER STUD

CONNECTTION OF BARCHAIR, MESH AND HYDRONIC HEATING

NAIL PLATE

HYDRONIC HEATING

STEEL BEAM

REINFORCED MESH

COMPACTED SAND

STEEL COLUMN

TIMBER FRAME

1ST FLOOR TRUSS DETAIL

VAPOUR BARRIER

REBATE

CONCRETE

BOLTS

PAKKA ALUMINIUM SHEET

FOOTING DETAIL

FLASHING

STEEL COLUMN TO SLAB CONNECTION

BATTENS

STEEL BEAM BOLTS

TIMBER STUD FRAMING

BOLTS

EARTH

REFLECTIVE FOIL AND INSULATION STEEL COLUMN

POWERTRUSS

POWERTRUSS DETAIL

BOX GUTTER

ROOF DETAIL STELL COLUMN AND BEAM CONNECTION

[SELECTED PHOTOS]

REBATE

PLUMBING PIPES

FOUNDATION TRENCHES

STEEL COLUMN

PAKKA

POWERTRUSS

SOLAR HOT WATER SYSTEM

BOLTS

STRINGS INDICATE PIPES UNDERGROUND

STEP 1 EXCAVATION

STEP 2 GROUND FLOOR SUPPORT

STEP 3 STEEL STRUCTURE FOLD IN COVER TO PREVENT WATER FROM GOING BACK UP

STEP 8 WINDOW INSTALLATION TRUSS SLOTS ONTO EXISTING STRUCTURE

CROSSBRACING NOGGINS

STUDS STEP 6 1ST FLOOR FRAMING

STRONG BRACING TO PREVENT WARPING OF FRAME

STEP 9 ROOF COVER

STEP 5 1ST FLOOR STRUCTURE

STEP 12 FINISHING TRADES

HOT WATER COLD WATER

STEEL JOIST HANGER

PLUMBING PIPES

WATER PROOFING NAILS WITH PLASTIC STOPPER

STEP 7 ROOF STRUCTURE STEP 11 SERVICES

STEP 12 FINISHING TRADES

THIN-SET MORTAR STEP 10 EXTERNAL CLADDING EXCESS NAILS FALL OFF BY HITTING THEM WITH A HAMMER

MESH THAT RENDER STICKS TO

[NARRATION SCRIPT] Introduction - The house I am studying is the Black House. This presentation will go through the 12 stages of the construction process and will look at the main elements of construction Step 1 - Site preparation - In step 1 the first step was to demolish the house. In order to do this the main pipes for water, gas and electricity were turned off.

-After the house was demolished the land surveyor laid out the boundary of the land, this was done through the placement of timber on the edges.

- The plumber was also called to locate the pipes, and used string to indicate the pipes that were underground Step 2 - Ground floor preparation - Step 2 consisted of the slab work, in this stage foundation trenches were made by an excavator and then the formwork went up to indicate the slab size and prevent concrete from changing shape. Compacted sand went on top of the trenches to prevent water from going through; this was followed by a vapour barrier which also protects against water The reinforced mesh rested on top of the barchairs (point to diagram) and the hydronic heating was tied to the mesh with ties which can be seen in this diagram (point to diagram of connection).

- Once this was done concrete was poured on top and levelled out, concrete rebates were cut out for the wet areas. In order to remove air pockets from the slab a concrete vibrator was used. After 23- 30 days of curing the excess vapour barrier was cut and the formwork was removed.

Step 3 - Steel structure - The steel structure of this house was hot rolled, which means that it was formed at very high temperatures and can be cheaper than cold rolled steel.

In order to hide the base of the steel columns rebates were cut out, due to the varying depths of each rebate pakka was used to make the columns the same height. The column was then bolted into the slab and then concrete was poured over the top hide the base.

Step 4 - Ground floor framing - The ground floor framing was created onsite, the frame consists of a bottom plate, studs, noggin and a top plate (point to image and move around when talking). In order to keep the frames upright timber props were used, which were placed on an angle to support the frame. To connect the timber frame to the steel structure clamps were used to prevent movement while being bolted together.

Step 5 - 1st floor structures - The first floor structure was prefabricated and then bought onto site. The trusses had an aluminium web that had nail plates on its edges and were hammered into a timber frame which was also held together with nail plates.

The trusses spanned horizontally across the house.

Step 6 - 1st floor framing - Similar to stage 4, the first floor framing was also built onsite. For long spans of framing lateral bracing was required. This house used two types of bracing cross bracing and sheet bracing. Cross bracing are two diagonal aluminium strips that wrapped around the frame, to tighten the bracing a buckle was used. Sheet bracing, is a sheet of plywood which is nailed to the frame.

Step 7 - Roof structure - The roof trusses were prefabricated and bought onto site. They were put into place and connected to the existing structure with steel joist hangers (point to the hanger) the steel joist hangers were connected to the timber beam and trusses with nails. Bracing was put on top of the trusses to prevent movement, on top of the trusses timber battens were placed on top to prepare for the roof cover.

Step 8 - Window systems - The windows were bought onto site and were connected to the frame with screws which can be seen here (point to image). On the external part of the window flashing was placed on the top and the bottom, flashing allows rain water to drip of the edge and prevents water from going into the building.

- The power truss is also put in at this stage the plate and bolts are already in the slab this was done during step 2 and the power truss is installed.

Step 9 - Roof cover - In step 9, the reflective foil, insulation and aluminium roof sheet were all connected together. They were placed on top of the battens and were connected to the frame with screws. At the edge of each roof sheet -which goes into the gutterthere was a little bend. This was put there to prevent any water from going back onto the roof, once it was in the gutter. Space for the gutter and downpipes were also made during this stage.

Step 10 - External cladding - This house had four types of external cladding.

- The first was the Weathertex which was connected directly to the timber frame with screws. Weathertex was a sheet of timber which has been painted black; the sheets were connected to one another with a plastic joint where the sheets just slide into the slots.

- Timber cladding was used on the balconies; they provided both privacy and a view. This was painted black to keep in the theme of the Black house. The cladding was connected to the steel frame of the balconies with nails; the excess nail which was visible at the end could be broken off with a hammer.

- The spotted gum cladding was used both internally and externally for the laundry; this cladding clicked into place with one another - The final cladding was the foam and render wall, the foam was connected to the timber frame. In order for the render to stick a mesh was put over the top and was connected to the foam. The mesh was connected with a nail that has a plastic stopper; the stopper prevents the nail from going too far into the foam and prevents the foam from breaking.

Step 11 - Services - In this stage all of the services, the gas, water and electricity were connected to the main source.

The pipes for plumbing and wiring for electricity and gas went through the walls for the ground floor and went through the floor structure for the first floor.

Step 12 - Finishing trades - Finishing trades consisted of many things such as laying out carpet, tiling, and painting.

- In order to lay out tiles the wet area needed to be waterproofed to prevent water from leaking through and ruining the underlay. A thin-set mortar was put on the bottom and then the tiles were placed on top the mortar connected the tile to the floor. To fill in the gap between the tiles grout was poured over the top.

- Plasterboard was attached to the timber stud wall with an adhesive. This was put on the timber frame; the plaster board was put on top and then nailed into the studs. A liquid plaster was used to fill in the gap between the sheets.