HUGS Anti-cyberbullying Support Network—MFA Thesis Project

HUGS Anti-cyberbullying Support Network MFA Thesis Project

Selina Ping-Hsuan Wu

MFA Thesis Project

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“ Unless and until our society recognizes cyberbullying for what it is, the suffering of thousands of silent victims will continue.”

—Anna Maria Chavez, former chief executive officer of the Girl Scouts of the USA

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Anti-cyberbullying Support Network

Book design copyright Š 2018 by Selina Ping-Hsuan Wu. All rights reserved.

Selina Ping-Hsuan Wu selinawu.design@gmail.com No portion of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the express written permission of the publisher.

Table of Contents

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02

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Looking into cyberbullying

014–069

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About cyberbullying

How to fight cyberbullying

002–013

070–077

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Language of anti-cyberbullying

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098–153 Deal with cyberbullying together

Opportunity for the future internet safety

154–161

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About cyberbullying Background Problem Proposed solutions

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Background

As technology advances, cyberbullying is getting worse in middle schools and high schools.

Bullying used to only happen at school. However, as technology has advanced, this problem has gotten worse because people get cyberbullied now on social media. They may receive hate comments and harassment long after the school day has ended.

According to the Cyberbullying Research Center, approximately 34% of students have experienced cyberbullying in their lifetime (17% within the last 30 days). Notably, nearly two-thirds (64%) of the students who suffered cyberbullying stated that it affected their ability to learn and feel safe at school.

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Problem

Cyberbullying is a growing problem because in-creasing numbers of kids are using and have completely embraced online interactivity. A remarkable 95% of teens in the U.S. are online, and the vast majority access the internet on their mobile device. They do so for school work, to keep in touch with their friends, to play games, to learn about celebrities, to share their creations, or for many other reasons. Because online communication tools have become such a tremendous part of their lives, it is not surprising that some youth have decided to use the technology to be malicious or menacing toward others. The fact that teens are constantly connected to technology means they are susceptible to victimization (and able to act on mean impulses toward others) around the clock. And because some adults have been slow to respond to cyberbullying, many feel that there are little to no consequences for their actions. Many even feel that there is little chance of detection and identification, let alone sanction.

According to the Cyberbullying Research Center, approximately 18% of middle and high school students in the US report experiencing cyberbullying in their lifetimes. It has long know that there is significant overlap between school and online bullying. 83% of the students who had been cyberbullied recently (in the last 30 days), had also been bullied at school recently. Similarly, 69% of the students who admitted to bullying others at school also bullied others online. Since social media become the most important things for teenagers, we need to take cyberbullying more seriously.

Cyberbullying crosses all geographical boundaries.

Online connectivity across a broad variety of devices has opened up the whole world to users, and for the most part this has been a good thing. Nevertheless, some kids feel free to post or send whatever they want while online with-out considering how that content can cause harm.

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Been Bullied at School and Online

Been bullied at school & online 15%

3% Been bullied online Have not been bullied at school or online 53% 29% Been bullied at school

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Adolescent girls are just as likely, if not more likely than boys to experience cyberbullying

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“ Cyberbullying is related to other issues in the ‘real world’ including school problems, anti-social behavior, substance use, and delinquency ”

by Cyberbullying Research Center

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Proposed solutions

To increase the awareness of cyberbullying, an educational approach to the cyberbullying problem could reduce cyberbullying between teenagers, increasing internet safety not only for teenagers but also for parents and educators.

HUGS Anti-cyberbullying Support Network aims to help teenage students, and their parents and educators deal with cyberbullying. We provide an informational website, anti-cyberbullying workshops for adults, and the HUGS app for teenage students to report instances of cyberbullying.

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Looking into cyberbullying Researching Process Thesis topic research & investigate Researching Questions Researching Connections Event&Insights Survey Interview Online Survey

016 020 022 026 030 038 048 056

Researching Process

Why are there so many teenagers taking their own life because of cyberbullying? People type whatever they want online without thinking, and without being aware of the horrible consequences of a few keystrokes or a shared photo or video.

Some people feel safe enough to say anything behind their screens, and many believe that no one should treat the online world seriously.

However, a substantial number of online users are teenage students. Nowadays, social media is the center of their life. According to the Pew Research Center, 95% of teens have access to a smartphone, and 45% are online almost constantly. I began researching what teenager students are thinking about social media and the online world. I found out that teens are overly reliant on social media, but they do not have enough awareness about the impact of cyberbullying.

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Thesis topic research & investigate

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Researching Questions

To be clear about the topic, I wrote done some questions

Questions for clarification

Questions that probe assumptions

• • • • •

• Is cyberbullying bad for our society?

• Why people think cyberbullying is bad?

• Smart phone controls almost everything nowadays, is that good or bad?

• If we stop surfing the Internet, will cyberbullying disappear?

• Is Internet addition a reason of cyberbullying?

• Are people assuming teenagers are infatuated with social media?

• What’s so great about the Internet?

• Dose the curiosity stimulates teenagers learning from the Internet?

• For teenage girls, is friends more important than family?

• Are social media provides people’s personality?

• • • • • •

What do we already know about cyberbullying?

What is cyberbullying?

Is cyberbullying serious?

What is bullying?

Is bullying always happened with group of people?

What do you mean teenage girls suffer from cyberbullying?

Are teenage girls common to get cyberbullying?

Why cyberbullying happened?

Is cyberbullying related with social media?

Why cyberbullying happened?

Is social media good or bad?

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Questions that probe reasons and evidence

Questions about viewpoints and perspective

• Why is cyberbullying happening?

• Are introverts more common with cyberbullying?

• Why is cyberbullying more common with teenagers?

• Why is cyberbullying more common with teenager girls?

• What teenager girls care about most?

• Is cyberbullying related with gender?

• How do you know teenagers get cyberbullying?

• Is cyberbullying unpredictable?

• Why stop cyberbullying is necessary?

• Who will be rescue by stop cyberbullying?

• What is the different between bullying and cyberbullying?

• Why cyberbullying is worse than bullying?

• What is the most horrified result that cyberbullying cause?

• How are bullying and cyberbullying similar?

• What would people say about cyberbullying?

• What if you compared cyberbullying and bullying?

• How could you look another way at cyberbullying?

• Is cyberbullying just like the epitome of society?

• How to help students/kids who are cyberbullied?

• How to save students/kids from cyberbullying?

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Researching Questions

To be clear about the topic, I wrote done some questions

Questions that probe implications and consequences

Questions about the question

• • • •

• How to stop cyberbullying? Why we should stop cyberbullying?

• Why we set law to stop cyberbullying? What’s kind of action could be crime?

• How teenagers know their words or action are too over online?

• Is cyberbullying the same issue as Internet addiction?

• Do people agree cyberbullying is a problem?

• Why we should care about cyberbullying?

• Why cyberbullying is important?

• • • • •

What will happen if people get cyberbullied?

What symptom occurs with cyberbullying?

Dose cyberbullying lead to murder?

Do students who have been the victim ever become the bully?

Is cyberbullying related with economy?

What if teenagers never recover from cyberbullying?

What are some causes of social problems among teenagers?

What’s between reality and fantasy?

What’s an alternate of the Internet?

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“ How to help teenagers deal with cyberbullying? ”

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Researching Connections

Generate ideas from different aspects

This exercise helped me review my topic of the world around us and how it is connected. The goal was to find new connections and begin exploring the relevance of this new area conceptually and visually.

The process began by identifying categories that impact my exploration further: Environmental Impact, Political Impact, Economic Impact, Personal Impact, and Societal Impact. Within each category, identify three elements that were most intriguing and create a pack of cards using a word and an illustration representing that word.

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Event&Insights

Cyberbullying—bullying in the virtual world

The event is about discussing with people who are interested in my thesis topic. We started by having dinner together and getting to know each other. After that, I asked some questions related to cyberbullying, and had everyone talk with each other about their experiences and thought about it together.

Every participant received a name badge, booklet, and raffle ticket to meet with each other and follow the event topics easily.

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Questions

1 How long do you use your smart phone a day? What do you use it for?

2 Have you ever suffer from the Internet addiction? What makes you so into it?

3 How many social media account do you have? Are you often posting and commenting on it?

4 Have you ever bullied/cyberbullyied by classmates during middle or high school? What do you think the difference between these two?

5 Do you think cyberbullying is worse than bullying?

6 According to the research, cyberbullying is more common with girls.

What do you think?

7 Is social media good or bad?

8 Is cyberbullying related with gender?

9 How to educate students/kids to stop cyberbullying?

10 What will happen if you get cyberbullied?/ What happened when you get cyberbullied?

11 Is cyberbullying related with economy?

12 What are some causes of social problems among teenagers?

13 How to stop cyberbullying? Why we should stop cyberbullying?

14 How to let teenagers know their words or action are too over online?

15 Is cyberbullying the same issue as Internet addiction?

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Quotes from event participates

Insights

“Bullying is a way to release stress. It’s fun to see others reflections. If people get bullied won’t fight back, I will keep bullying them.”—Jeremy

Here is an opinion from a self-claimed bully. A sign shows: victims need to speak up for themselves. If victims choose not to look for help, probably no one will know.

“When I was a freshman in the college, two of my classmates bullied my friend. They broke into his dorm room, pulled him down from the chair and sat on him. Bully was strong and heavy. If I speak up out for him, I might be the next victim.”—Andy

Some people join bullies because they afraid become the next victims. It’s important for victims to unite together. At least, education of cyberbullying in middle and high schools is necessary.

“What is cyberbullying? Dose that means a lot of people bullying a person online right? Could it be a person cyberbullying several people at once?

—Andy

It is possible a person has several social media accounts at once, and use several identities to cyberbully others.

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“My brother is a member of a wellknown band in Taiwan. He broke up with his girlfriend months ago. Then some folks posted unkind comments on his Facebook page. My brother felt annoying of those strangers and their comments.”—Wei-Ting

Some people may suffer from cyberbullying, but they may not know that is cyberbullying. They regard cyberbullying as one of the many daily troubles.

“If you get cyberbullied, just stop surfing the Internet. Teens have to go to school five days a week, and it’s hard to escape from the school bully.

Therefore I think bullying is more horrified then cyberbullying.”—Andy

From this event, I realize some people don’t think cyberbullying is an urgent problem. They think Internet things are not real, and can easily to escape from it. It is hard for some people to imagine how cyberbullying severe could be and some victims killed by cyberbullying.

“Once a person starts cyberbullying a victim on social media, others will follow him/she and feel they have to do the same things.”—Wei-Chieh

Conformity is the act of matching attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to group norms. Humans are living in groups, and some people are afraid out of the group.

Therefore they start to bully others to protect themselves from getting hurt.

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Quotes from event participates

Insights

“Cyberbullying often happens on celebrities or political figures. Donald Trump always says he had cyberbullied. Maybe he just want people’s attention, and probably feels good and thinks folks envy at him.”

—Andy

I never thought about it before. What if people ignore everything says about he or she online? Is that possible to ignore all comments and fight back? How to reverse the situation from disadvantage to advantage?

“Bullying is different between boy and girl. Boys are more directly and like to face to face with each other. What girls do is talking bad things about victims at her back.”—Wei-Chieh

When I did my research, I found out the form of bullying could be different with a different gender.

At this event several participants mentioned this with examples from personal experiences.

“People who get bullied in middle/high school may have some disagreeable personality. They may be a nerd, having body odor, weak and looks easy to get bullied.”—Ikki

Victims of bullying or cyberbullying may have a unique personality. If we can find the specific group of teenagers, maybe we can help those victims or who is going to become victims escape from cyberbullying.

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Survey

14–17 middle and high school students from Taiwan

Questions During 2017 winter, I went back to Taiwan and designed a survey for high school students there to find out how teenagers were thinking about cyberbullying. I went to my hometown high school and conducted a survey called ”the exploration of cyberbullying and youth behavior.” From that, I received around 125 studies from 14-17 year old students.

1 How much do you know cyberbullying? Could you describe a little bit?

2 Bullying or Cyberbullying, which one do you think more dangerous for teenage students? Why? 3 Most often used social media/website services? (Click all that apply) Facebook/Instagram/Twitter/Plurk/Webo/Wechat/ Line/Ptt/Dcard/Meteor/Btalk/Others 4 Most commonly used equipment for surfing the internet.

Laptop/Smart Phone/ipod/Others 5 Do you think cyberbullying related to social media?

Why? 6 Currently, is social media important to you? Why? 7 Have you ever suffer from cyberbullying? If yes, could you simply describe the situation during that time?

8 If you suffer from cyberbullying, who will you call for help?

Friends/Siblings/Teacher/Relative/Parents/Police/ Lover/Others 9 If you eyewitness the cyberbullying, would you stand up to support victims? Why? 10 How to deal with cyberbullying among teenagers?

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Insights from the survey 01

Teenagers take social media seriously. However, they don’t understand that consequences of cyberbullying are often more dangerous than physical bullying.

According to one of my survey questions: Bullying and Cyberbullying, which one do you think more serious for teenagers? Why? The results showed that around 15% of teenagers believe bullying is more dangerous then cyberbullying. There are several reasons teenagers think physical bullying is more severe than cyberbullying. They wrote down some point of views like stop using social media will prevent cyberbullying, or bullying is more real in their daily life, etc.

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Insights from the survey 02

Over 65%, 14–17 high school students feel social media is essential currently.

Is social media important to you? (Respondents 111 of 130)

N

60.32 %

N

Y

70.83 %

Y

High school males

High school females

RESPONDENTS: 130 SUBJECTS: High school students

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Insights from the survey 03

Question: If you suffer from cyberbullying, who will you call for help?

Teenage students share their experience with friends most, and that includes when they suffer from cyberbullying. Only 11.5% of teenagers chose reporting teacher about cyberbullying. The reason could be high school teachers don’t have enough information about cyberbullying. When teachers find students suffer from cyberbullying, they don’t know how to deal with it as well.

RESPONDENTS: 130 SUBJECTS: High school students

37.5%

24.5%

13.5% 11.5%

3.5%

Friends

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Teachers

Parents

Polices

Siblings

2%

2.5%

3%

Relatives

Net pals

Lovers

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2%

Others

Insights from the survey 04

Question: Is cyberbullying link with social media? Why?

RESPONDENTS: 130 SUBJECTS: High school students

No

5%

Social media is a platform for bullies. Cyberbullying bases on who already bullied at school.

Social media can send messages directly Social media is the world trend today.

A platform of different devices.

Yes

Social media related to the relationship.

There is no distance on the Internet.

Numerous people get cyberbullied on social media.

Teenagers meet strangers on social media.

People create anonymous accounts to cyberbully others on social media. ....

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Insights from the survey 05

Voice from cyberbullying victims— Have you ever been cyberbullyied?

“A bully posted a picture of all “I was very close with a group of boys classmates online but only wiped out at school and some girls envy me. They my face. She tagged all my classmates posted rumors about me on their to make jokes on me.”

Facebook pages.”

— Tin-may, 16y — MT, 17y

“Cyberbullying hurts me a lot.”

“My grade was the lowest in the — JO JO, 16y previous classroom. At that time all my classmates blamed me at the online anonymous message board.”

— Bo-han, 16Y

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Interview

Voice from students, teen, and parents

To conduct in depth research, I interviewed seven people at the end of 2017. I interviewed a diverse group to receive various perspectives from my interview guide and questions. The people interviewed were Laura, Andy, Jack, Zoe, Jeff, and Jin. Laura, Andy, Jack are MFA students from Academy of Art University. Jin is a computer programmer. David is a Ph.D. student from Berkeley. Zoe is a middle school student, and Jeff is her father.

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Questions 1 What’s your name?

2 How old are you?

3 On average, how many hours per day do you spend on the Internet?

4 What do you like doing most online? (doing research/news/checking email/ writing blog/social media(which)shopping/watching video/gaming) 5 What are the most commonly used social media?

6 How much do you know about cyberbullying? Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place using electronic technology. Electronic technology includes devices and equipment such as cell phones, computers, and tablets as well as communication tools including social media sites, text messages, chat, and websites. (stopbullying.gov) 7 Bullying or Cyberbullying, which one do you think more serious to teenager girls? Why? 8 What do you think about social media?(what’s good and what’s bad…)

9 Is cyberbullying linked to social media? Why? 10 Why do some teenager girls cyberbully each other?

11 If you see someone suffer from cyberbullying, would you speak for the victim?

12 How to let everyone pay attention to cyberbullying problem, especially for teenage girls?

13 How to help teenage girls deal with cyberbullying problem?

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Interview

Interview Participants

Laura, 30 Only spent 1-2 hours on social media every day, but she thinks cyberbullying is a serious problem nowadays.

Andy, 27 Andy is more afraid of physical bullying then cyberbullying. Cyberbullying can prevent when victims stop using the internet.

Jack, 27 Jack had been bullied at college before. He feels bullying is more dangerous then cyberbullying.

Zoe, 13 One of her classmates cyberbullied her last semester, so Zoe knows a lot of information about cyberbullying.

Jeff, 49 Zoe’s father. He believes that the school should cooperate with non-profit organizations to deal with teenager cyberbullying problems.

Jin, 34 Jin thinks the internet has both good and bad part of it. Everyone should be more aware what they type/speak on the internet.

David, 24 David doesn’t know much about cyberbullying. He thinks the way to deal with cyberbullying is encouraging victims to speak out and fight back. Talking with people is a good result as well.

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Insights from the interview

• Most people don’t have concrete ideas of methods, processes, or consequences of cyberbullying.

• Education is the critical solution to stop cyberbullying.

• People have empathy with cyberbullying victims.

• Some parents don’t know much about cyberbullying, they also don’t know how to talk with kids about cyberbullying.

• People don’t have clear thoughts about the effects of cyberbullying or whether cyberbullying could be more dangerous than physical bullying.

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Transcript: Interview with Zoe Ou Q&A

May I ask what’s your name?

Zoe Ou On average, how many hours per day do you spend on the Internet?

About 3 to 4 hours What do you like doing most online? (doing research/news/checking email/ writing blog/social media(which)shopping/watching video/gaming) I like writing, listen to music.

What are the most commonly used social media?

Zoe: for me?

Selina: Yes. Zoe: instagram, snapchat, and facebook How much do you know about cyberbullying?

Cyberbullying is kind of like a thing, I kinda know the general idea what it is.. that it’s kind of like bullying takes place of like electronic service like social media.

And it can be like... in case like someone messaging you or harassing you or post about you say that like you are ugly or something like that. It can be like…even like an account. A lot of have it like people at my school before they like had an account made about them like “We hate this person.” That’s cyberbullying.

Selina: Yes, that’s definitely Zoe: Even like people leave comments. Something that like.

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Bullying or Cyberbullying, which one do you think more serious to teenager girls? Why? I feel like cyberbullying is more like serious because to me I feel like when you have cyberbullying even when it’s deleted, it’s always gonna be there. Like, there is kind of things like because there is such an anonymous like that.

You know, like someone you don’t even know who is actually get to you because it could be like just a random person to pretend to be someone else or things like that. And then, when you have cyberbullying, I guess like those things you can’t really escape because these girls probably always have their phone or device at the side. So they are always able to look at it or someone probably able to reach them like whether cyberbullying or… I guess when you bullying someone I feel like you are little more safe at your own. Cyberbullying just looks lots more dangerous to me.

Selina: So like your school mentioned about cyberbullying before? Like have the class or something?

Zoe: Yes we kinda talk about it because last year there is really like race and intergram things like there is an account posted pictures of like um like black girls at the school and there are like these people are inserts the racism alert here created a lot of like outrage because these accounts were like saying a lot of mean, hateful things towards for one. They are resists. Secondly the fact they are gross and so it was like a big deal for us. Because it’s like “Wow we didn’t think about something like this happened at our school” without [inaudible] It’s like really serious about cyberbullying.

What do you think about social media?(what’s good and what’s bad…)

I think social media is really nice way to gain and contact with your friends.

Social media tends to be something like can really occupied your life for example I feel like I spend a lot of my time on social media which is not good. And when you on social media, it’s not easy to get swat away to just like different ideals.

For example, you so like a celerity and when you see their account on social media and you just like “Wow I really want to be her, why am I not like her?” I feel like it’s not ok that hurting yourself that way. Or like cyberbullying I guess is easily happen at social media or you can get cut up and like the things like why I don’t have that many likes on my posts, or I don’t have many followers. I feel like social media kinda like increase your insecurities.

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Transcript: Interview with Zoe Ou Q&A

Why do some teenager girls cyberbully each other? Do you have any ideas?

So in six grade, there is a girl is like, really don’t like me cause I was a friend with…I guess a guy she like? And so like she typed me a pond of words to tell all my friends like “Oh this person like me, Zoe is such a … “and she like called me a very bad thing. And she like talking about me like that. So I think that sometimes those things kinds stood for increase insecurities for themselves because they’re like Oh I feel really bad about this one thing. I don’t want to be only one who is feeling bad so I want to made someone else feel bad.

Sometimes they don’t even realize they are doing it. They just think that I feel really sad inside or something like that. And, or I think like other time it’s because like girls feel wrong. I feel sometimes girl feel can be sensitive about those kind of things because “Wow this person did this one thing to me I really didn’t like that” and so now I am gonna tell all my friends, and all my friends gonna tell all my other friends and it’s like.

Selina: So it’s like she was jealous of you?

Zoe: Ya I think so. It’s kinda jealousy and insecurity.

If you see someone suffer from cyberbullying, would you speak for the victim?

I think it would be hard for me because I always been like oh I don’t want to get in their business, but I think if I see someone like talking about another person then like you are seeing in public, I will be like “Hey I don’t think that’s really okay” I will try my best to like, at list, even if I am not like speaking directly to the person who’s like you suck or something like that I will go up to the victim “Hey! You okay?” like anything I can help you with or you want me to tell the principle or whatever.

Selina: So if the victim is your friend, you are willing to stand up for them?

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Zoe: Ya that happened to my friend. I was really mad at it because like what I was spoke about it earlier. This person even used to be your friend they made an account said ”I hate Rorod” my friend’s name, so I guess on social media is all kinds of “Hey” just letting everyone know whoever cyberbullying is not okay or proposed to others. I guess I would, I would try.

How to let everyone pay attention to cyberbullying problem, especially for teenage girls?

I think, I feel like sometimes just being like an example for others is like “Oh wow this person is like not being cyberbullied or just talking to someone who is being to cyberbullied like hey are you okay or what do you want or what I needed to do or like I talk to whoever like I know hey just let you know cyberbullying is not okay, this is something that really effects people or like I think even doing like camps, putting up posters because like, for example cause I am on the leadership, so if wanted to I can probably put some posters that say “Hey” and like “Cyberbullying..” or stuffs something like that, just people we are walking by the hallway and see them.

How to help teenage girls deal with cyberbullying problem?

I think like the best way, if it’s you, if you are a girl getting cyberbullied, I will just go the counselor. Like I don’t think that’s okay for people to like say that kind of stuff. So I think when you have, especially it’s teenage girls it’s important that you like what the counselors know, like the principal know whoever like it is like your parents or something because often times you are gonna know how to best deal with it, especially you have the [inaudible], especially if you like tell a counselor or principal who have [inaudible] of the school for example, then you can open it up like a broader… I feel like because then they have the [inaudible] they are be able to get a better job hey cyberbullying is not like not okay without putting like cyberbullyied people who are the bullies without putting them are like..you know. And like I think I guess you are the friends of a victim, it’s important to be positive been around them, and try like confirm them to try to get them more confidence themselves, like someone get cyberbullied, they often think about the same things that the people that bullying them, the bullies, and what they said and just like some confident “Oh I am not like one this girl said”, like no matter what I am still a good person, I am still like the, whatever.

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Online Survey

The Exploration of Cyberbullying and Social Media

Q1. Gender Male 43.37% Female 52.63% Others 0.00%

Male

Female

Others

0%

56

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

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70%

80%

90%

100%

Q2. What’s your age?

12-18 5.26% 19-22 42.11% 23-30 42.11% 31-34 5.26% 41-50 5.26%

12-18

19-22

23-30

31-40

41-50

51-60

Over 60

0%

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10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

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Q3. On average, how many hours per day do you spend on the Internet?

Under 30 minutes 30 minutes–1 hour 1 hour–2 hours 2 hours–3 hours 3 hours–4 hours 4 hours–5 hours Over 5 hours

0.00% 0.00% 10.53% 10.53% 10.53% 21.05% 47.37%

Under 30 minutes

30 minutes–1 hour

1 hour–2hours

2 hours–3hours

3 hours–4hours

4 hours–5hours

Over 5 hours

0%

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Q4. What do you like doing most online?

Doing Research 58.89% News 63.16% Checking E-mail 68.42% Writing Blog 10.53% Social Media 78.95% Shopping 31.58%

Watching Video, TV shows, Movie 84.21% Gaming 36.84%

Doing Research

News

Checking E-mail

Writing Blog

Social Media

Shopping

Watching Video, TV shows, Movie

Gaming

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Q5. What are the most commonly used social media?

Facebook 68.42% Instagram 57.89% Twitter 31.58% Snapchat 10.53% Tumblr 15.79%

Reddit 41.37% Skype 10.53% WhatsApp 10.53% Facetime 10.53%

Other(Please specify)

21.05%

Facebook

Instagram

Twitter

Snapchat

Tumblr

Reddit

Skype

WhatsApp

Facetime

Other(Please specify)

0%

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Q6. The most commonly used devices when you surfing the Internet(optional)

Desktop Computer 15.79% Laptop Computer 47.37% Smart phone 31.58%

Computer tablet or Ipad 5.26% Ipod touch 0.00% Others 0.00%

Desktop Computer

Laptop Computer

Smart phone

Computer tablet or Ipad

Ipod touch

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Q7. Have you ever heard cyberbullying?

Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place using electronic technology. Electronic technology includes devices and equipment such as cell phones, computers, and tablets as well as communication tools including social media sites, text messages, chat, and websites. (stopbullying.gov)

Yes 89.47% No 10.53%

Yes

No

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Q8. How serious a problem do you think people suffer from cyberbullying in our daily life?

Extremely serious Very serious Somewhat serious Not so serious Not serious at all

5.88% 29.41% 41.18% 11.76% 11.76%

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Very serious

Somewhat serious

Not so serious

Not serious at all

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Q9. Is cyberbullying linked to social media? Why?

“Yes. That’s where most people meet strangers that they can then bully.”

“Yes, that is where it happens most” “I think social media is THE platform for cyberbullying and it would not exist without them.”

“Social media is where cyber bullying occurs” “Yes, on the opposite side social media connect people together but on the other hand, it also give cyber bullying a platform to do it.”

“Yes. It is easy to bully when it’s not face-to-face communcation.”

“Yes. Definitely. It will enlarge the original things, bad or good. There is a Ted Talk by Lewinsky, she is talking about how bad the cyber bullying it is and advocate for protecting the witnesses.”

“Yes, social medial provides a channel for people to say whatever they want behind the screen. It requires no credit provided or no fact supported but just personal opinions. However we still don’t have a proper regulation or boundaries yet.”

“Yes, people talk a lot on social media.” “not actually, I think”

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Q10. How to deal with cyberbullying problem?

“Ignore the person, ask them to stop. If that doesn’t work you have to delete your account to get away from them.”

“Block them.”

“I use very few social media accounts and do not put out personal material. And I don’t bully others.”

“Awareness since its a relatively new thing.”

“Report bullies and ignore them” “Set up rules” “Maybe first raise awareness” “Problem have a security system can automatic supervise the language use online, or to social media promotion and brochure to educate the public. Make the public aware of this problem.”

“Social media platform should provide proper validation process for getting accounts and proper regulation for abusive behaviors on the platforms. People should be educated what is the fact and what is the “feeling” and provide proper suppot when things get disturbing” “I have no idea. Maybe advice people using social media correctly.” “learn to respect, that`s all”

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It has to get better.

The way we treat each other and look out for each other. It has to get better somehow. — Clay Jensen (Dylan Minnette), 13

Reasons Why, Season 1: Tape 7, Side A

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“ Once something is online, it’s just right there, and a picture can say a million different things. And people come up and conjure up their own story, or what they think is right, and it effects you, it hurts you.”

—Selena Gomez, American Singer and Actor

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How to fight cyberbullying 18 insights Deliverable Matrix

072 075

18 insights

1. There is a lot of information about how to prevent and stop cyberbullying.

However, cyberbullying tragedies continuously happen in our daily lives.

2. Teenage girls have to know cyberbullying is a crime. Thus, learning how to stop cyberbullying by law is important.

3. Freedom of speech is not the shield of hate speech.

4. Teachers are also on the receiving end of cyberbullying, especially when it comes to disgruntled students.

5. Cyberbullying policies should focus on changing school climates.

6. Teens should use social media wisely; don’t forbid it.

7. Adults often respond by removing technology from the victim, which seen as a punishment for kids.

8. Learn new things from your children to stop cyberbullying.

9. Social media is a platform for bullies.

10. 70.83% High school students think social media is essential.

11. 13.33% the public thinks cyberbullying is not serious at all.

12. Teenagers take social media seriously. However, they don’t have the idea that results cyberbullying caused is more dangerous than physical bullying.

13. Girls were more likely to have been bullied online at some point in their lifetime.

14. While about one-quarter of teens report lying, the same percentage claim that they use computers their parents never check.

15. 90% of revenge porn victims are females.

16. Having low self-esteem is what gives the bully power over the victims.

17. It is necessary for a victim to understand that a person who behaves like a bully knows what can hurt you.

18. In YouTube videos, kids ask an Internet audience to tell them if they’re pretty or ugly.

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“ Today too many parents haven’t had the chance to step in and rescue their loved ones. Too many have learned of their child’s suffering and humiliation after it was too late.”

—Monica Lewinsky

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Deliverable Matrix Target Audiences Teenagers

Parents

Educators

Teenagers who are cyberbullied often feel ashamed and don’t know what to do. Or some teenagers try to tell an adult, but they don’t feel heard.

Help parents who have teenage children find out and handle cyberbullying problems with their

Provide enough information for educators to understand and help their teenage students deal with cyberbullying.

App

Website

Workshop

Create a website for parents and educators to know how to communicate with their teenage children about cyberbullying effectively.

Interactive workshops for educators and parents to implement anticyberbullying awareness and prevention strategies.

Design an app for helping users (cyberbullying victims, bullies, and eyewitness) to talk with trusted adults to get help.

Victim

Bully

Witness

Features • Define What kind of cyberbullying • Report Cyberbullying by providing the evidence • Talk with trusted adults

children.

Poster • Parents • Educators

Website

Booklet • Parents+Educators

Printed Material Toolkit/Flyer/Poster(Including printed & download PDF files on the website) _Raise the awareness of cyberbullying _Provide information for educators and parents Poster • Parents • Educators

Flyer • Parents • Educators

Toolkit • Teens • Parents • Educators

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“ Adults don’t realize how much cyberbullying is hurtful because it didn’t exist when people my age were younger, and cyberbullying doesn’t end when the school bell rings.”

—Dr. Rona Hu, Psychiatrist, Stanford University School of Medicine

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Language of anti-cyberbullying Identity Development Identity Exploration Logo Anatomy Logo Clear Space Alternative Version of Logo Logo Don’t Typographic Color Palette Graphic Elements

081 083 084 086 088 090 092 094 095

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Identity Development

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Voice

Supportive Positive Professional

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Identity Exploration

The wordmark is created by a combination of hugging arms and capital letters from Museo rounded type. The rounded typeface gives the feeling of friendliness and inclusivity. The arc-shaped lines of the logo represent two arms holding together.

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Logo Anatomy

The word mark is created by a combination of hugging arms and capital letters from Museo rounded type. The rounded typeface gives the feeling of friendliness and inclusivity. The arc-shaped lines of the logo represent two arms holding together.

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Logo Clear Space

It is necessary to designate clear space around the logo to ensure that there is sufficient padding when used in applications. The minimum clear space surrounding the signature is measured by a unit (x) equal to the x-height of the logotype.

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Alternative Version of Logo

Anti-cyberbullying Support Network

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Logo Don’t

The logo should not be distorted or modified in any situation. Breaking the guideline could cause the legibility issue and misunderstanding of the brand to viewers. The following are examples of alternations that must be avoided.

01 Do not rotate logo 02 Do not remove elements from logo 03 Do not overlap logo 04 Do not compress logo 05 Do not stretch logo 06 Do not change the color of logo 07 Do not outline logo 08 Do not create the drop shadow

01

Ant i - cy be Sup port rbullyin g Net wor k

02

HUGS

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Anti-cyberbullying Support Network

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03

Anti-cyberbullying Support Network Anti-cyberbullying Support Network Anti-cyberbullying

Anti-cyberbullying Support Network

Support Network 05

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Anti-cyberbullying Support Network

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Typographic

Logo Type

Museo Rounded ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789

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Type

Adelle PE

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789

Gotham ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789

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Color Palette

Primary Color

C 5 M 25 Y 95 K 0

R 250 G 190 B 22

C 70 M 8 Y 22 K 0

R 35 G 185 B 205

C 0 M 85 Y 100 K 0

R 255 G 80 B 0

C 25 M 0 Y 95 K 0

R 215 G 225 B 35

C 30 M 25 Y 25 K 0

R 180 G 180 B 180

C 65 M 60 Y 60 K 40

R 75 G 70 B 70

C 0 M 0 Y 0 K 100

R 0 G 0 B 0

Secondary Color

C 15 M 10 Y 10 K 0

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C 75 M 0 Y 85 K 0

R 30 G 200 B 95

Graphic Elements

Clouds The graphic elements: clouds. The idea of clouds generates from HUGS logo circles. The clouds also represent cyber society.

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Deal with cyberbullying together HUGS App HUGS Workshops Print Materials HUGS Toolkit HUGS Website

102 122 132 138 142

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HUGS App

For Teenage Students

HUGS App aims to help teenage students better handle incidents of cyberbullying. Whether users are a victim, a bully, or an eyewitness, they can use the HUGS App to report and give evidence of cyberbullying with the option to talk with trusted adults.

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HUGS App

User Testing Insights

• Hard not to explain how the app’s features work during user testing.

• Need to define target audiences and redesign the main category. Not all features work for general users.

• Confusing or missing parts(such as buttons). Did not notice at first until users pointed it out during user testing.

• Users gave some useful advice during user testing, not only how the app flows but also the image style and features they would like to see and how those will be incorporated into the app.

• Users have preferences with different types of layout. I created two layouts for this user testing. The first layout is more clear and easy to understand but not as visually interesting.

The second layout was more fun for the users and engaging, but some users said that there were too many sections on the design and that led to confusion.

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HUGS App

Process: Gray Screens

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HUGS App

App workflow

Sign up & Privacy

User’s identity

Bully

Witness

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Victim

User status: Victim

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HUGS App

App workflow

User status: Bully

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User status: Witness

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HUGS App

App workflow

Report by providing the evidence

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Talk with a trusted adult

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o1

Choose what you have faced before or recently.

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o2

Identify what situation you had or have been facing and click all the options that all the apply.

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o3

Provide the evidence and talk with trusted adults.

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HUGS Workshops

HUGS Anti-cyberbullying workshops for Parents and Educators

HUGS Support Network offers anti-cyberbullying workshops to help parents develop a comprehensive approach to prevent cyberbullying. We provide tools to help teenage children respond in appropriate ways to incidents of cyberbullying. Our work is part of a broader strategy to create a safe environment for adolescent children.

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HUGS Anti-cyberbullying workshop booklet for Parents and Educators

HUGS Support Network offers a small booklet that will be send out free to parents and educators. It includes cyberbullying facts, and more details on HUGS anti-cyberbullying support network and workshop info.

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Print Materials

HUGS Anti-cyberbullying Flyers and posters for Parents and Educators

These are HUGS poster and flyers. Parents and Educators can download the files at HUGS Anticyberbullying Support Network website to circulate at school for PTA/PTO/PTSA meetings.

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HUGS Toolkit

HUGS anti-cyberbullying toolkit for Teens, Parents and Educators

HUGS toolkit can help teenagers prevent cyberbullying by talking about it, building a safe network between parents and educators, and creating a community-wide bullying prevention strategy.

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HUGS Website

HUGS Website for Parents and Educators

HUGS website includes home page, HUGS app, HUGS workshops, talk early, talk often section provides several articles for parents and educators to know more about cyberbullying.

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Website Sitemap

Header: Menu Workshops

Hugs App

About the App

App Prototype

Talk early, Talk often

Cyberbullying Articles for parents

Parents

Educators

Workshop Workshop 01 02

Workshop Workshop 01 02

Publication

About the thesis project

Q&A Section

Flayers & Posters Download

About

Cyberbullying Toolkit

Footer: Mailing Form

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Opportunity for the future internet safety Conclusion Future Possibilities The Resources Acknowledgments

156 157 160 161

Conclusion

To conclude, cyberbullying is a problem that should not be ignored. HUGS aims to support teens and adults who care for them, so we are able to all deal with cyberbullying together.

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Future Possibilities

Cyberbullying is a worldwide problem. To raise the awareness of cyberbullying, I plan to work with others to translate the contents on the HUGS website to several other languages as a first step.

Making the impact and help the target audiences understand social media and internet safety and know how to handle it in different kinds of the cyberbullying situation.

The HUGS app has the potential to become a reality. I will seek the opportunity to talk with some professionals who work at a social media network security department to continue research and its improvement. To bring the Hugs App to live, I would like to partner or find sponsorship with nonprofit organizations in the health industry.

Furthermore, HUGS could be part of the mainstream, integrated into existing social network platforms such as Facebook and Twitter. This could raise the cyberbullying awareness and concentrate on network etiquette education for not only teenagers but also adults.

HUGS Anti-cyberbullying Support Network is not only a student thesis project but also an opportunity to contribute to society. I am excited to visualize the possible chance to turn HUGS into a viable tool to combat cyberbullying.

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The Resources

THE BOOKS Bullying Beyond the Schoolyard by Sameer Hinduja & Justin W. Patchin Beyond Sticks and Stones by RJ Parker & Jacqueline Cross 12 Rules for Life by Jordan B. Peterson How To Be a Graphic Designer Without Losing Your Soul by Adrian Shaughnessy Sprint: How to Solve Big Problems and Test New Ideas in Just Five Days by Jake Knapp Made to Stick by Chip Heath & Dan Heath Time Magazine GOOD: an Introduction to Ethics in Graphic Design

by Lucienne Roberts Universal Methods of Design by Bruce Hanington Universal Principles of Design by William Lidwell THE WEBSITES commonsensemedia.org cyberbullying.org criminal.findlaw.com stopbullying.gov samhsa.gov kidshelpline.com.au cyberbullyhelp.com brainpop.com choices.scholastic.com endcyberbullying.net washingtonpost.com ted.com nytimes.com pewresearch.org internetsafety.trendmicro.com stopcyberbullying.org www.teensafe.com pansci.asia opencolleges.edu.au

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Acknowledgments

TO MY FAMILY Thank you each and every one—especially my parents. Thank you for believing in me and supporting me so that I could achieve my goals.

Words can not express how much I appreciate you.

Thank you.

TO MY INSTRUCTORS Carolina De Bartolo, Phil Hamlet, and David Scott.

Thank you for share your knowledge with me. This thesis project wouldn’t have been possible without all your help.

TO MY SUPPORTERS Thank you for taking the time to answer my questionnaires, attending my event and interview.

Your contribution was beneficial.

TO MY CLASSMATES An, Annie, Cindy, Chris, Elise, Nina, Zili and all of my friends in the AAU Graphic design department. Thank you for always giving me all your support and fresh eyes to help me be where I am today. I will remember all of the happy moments we share together.

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Colophon

CONTACT Selina Ping-Hsuan Wu selinawu.design@gmail.com 415-969-1771 selinawu.com SCHOOL Academy of Art University School of Graphic Design and Digital Media 79 New Montgomery St San Francisco, CA 94105 INSTRUCTORS Carolina De Bartolo, Phil Hamlet, David Scott.

Fall 2018 MFA Thesis BOOK TITLE HUGS Anti-cyberbullying Support Network PRINT & BINDING Blurb

TYPOGRAPHY Adelle Gotham SOFTWARE Adobe Creative Cloud PHOTOGRAPHY Selina Ping-Hsuan Wu STOCK PHOTOGRAPHY unsplash.com shutterstock Adobe stock MOCKUP PHOTOGRAPHY elements.envato.com

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Anti-cyberbullying Support Network

hugssupportnetwork.org

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