International conference Towards Knowledge Democracy
International conference
Towards Knowledge Democracy Consequences for Science, Politics and Media
An initiative of
August 25 – 27 , 2009 Leiden - City of Discoveries th
th
International conference Towards Knowledge Democracy
International conference
Towards Knowledge Democracy Consequences for Science, Politics and Media
An initiative of
August 25 – 27 , 2009 Leiden - City of Discoveries th
th
Welcome to Leiden
Dear participants, dear guests, The programme booklet you have just opened is your membership ticket to the knowledge democracy community. This community will hopefully be an active one: you are now co-creator of what will be produced between August 25 and 27. This means that you are invited to be both participant and critic. The conference is designed as a learning environment: the physical boundaries have been expanded by opening the RMNO Twitter experiment, the LinkedIn group “Knowledge Democracy” and the Youtube channel “Knowledgedemocracy” for everyone who is interested. In addition a series of side-events is organised to enhance your learning experience. The general formula of the conference reveals scientific experiences and dialogues during the first day, intensive exchange of ideas between scientists en practitioners during the second day, and accumulation and recommendations on the third day. Each participant contributes with his or her own wisdom, insights and experiences. We hope that we have succeeded in creating an environment which rewards each individual contribution. Knowledge democracy is an emerging concept that has not yet solidified into deeply-rooted paradigms of theories. The fluid nature of the focal notions leaves a lot of space for intense dialogues. We hope and expect that these will enrich us all. Enjoy the conference! www.knowledgedemocracy.nl Roeland J. in ’t Veld Chair of the Advisory Council for Research on Spatial Planning, Nature and the Environment (RMNO), the Netherlands
Welcome Towards Knowledge Democracy
August 25 – 27, 2009
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international conference  Towards Knowledge Democracy
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Contact
The RMNO Conference Team
Roeland J. in ’t Veld
Louis Meuleman
Chair RMNO
Secretary General RMNO
Email: roel.int.veld@rmno.nl
Email: louis.meuleman@rmno.nl
Telephone number: +31(0)70 315 52 19
Telephone number: +31 (0)70 315 52 22 Mobile: +31 (0)6 21827020
Ana Lidia Aneas Moyano
Madelon Eelderink
Conference Manager
Conference Organiser
Email: analidia@rmno.nl
Email: madelon.eelderink@rmno.nl
Telephone number: +31 (0)70 315 52 26
Telephone number: +31 (0)70 315 52 28
Mobile: +31 (0)6 20451131
Mobile: +31 (0)6 34192559
Sophie Jongeneel Conference Organiser Email: sophie.jongeneel@rmno.nl Telephone number: +31 (0)70 315 52 27
Bert de Wit
Anneke Heinecke
Programme Manager
Communication Advisor
Email: bert.de.wit@rmno.nl
Email: anneke.heinecke@rmno.nl
Telephone number: +31 (0)70 315 52 15
Telephone number: +31 (0)70 315 52 17
Mobile: +31 (0)6 24235261
Jeroen Bordewijk
Bart Jan Krouwel
Master of Ceremony
Master of Learning
Council Member RMNO
Council Member RMNO
Conference Team  Towards Knowledge Democracy
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international conference Towards Knowledge Democracy
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Towards Knowledge Democracy
Conference Programme Day 1 August 25th, 2009 Advanced Theory Finding a Common Base 08.30
REGISTRATION IN ACADEMY BUILDING PLENARY SESSION IN ACADEMY BUILDING
09.30
Welcome by prof. Rietje van Dam, Vice Rector Magnificus, Leiden University, the Netherlands
09.40
Opening by the chair of the first conference day, prof. ir. Rudy Rabbinge, Advisor Executive Board, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
09.50
Introduction by the conference chair, prof. Roeland J. in ’t Veld, Chair, RMNO, the Netherlands
10.10
COFFEE BREAK
10.30
Theme 1: Knowledge & Future Research Keynote speaker: prof. Julie Thompson Klein, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA Co-referent: prof. Marjolein van Asselt, Maastricht University and Council Member, Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), the Netherlands
11.10
Theme 2: State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research Keynote speaker: prof. Roland Scholz, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Switzerland Co-referent: prof. Joske Bunders, VU University Amsterdam and Council Member RMNO, the Netherlands
11.50
Theme 3: Practical Approaches to Boundary Work Keynote speaker: dr. Christian Pohl, Co-director of transdisciplinarity-net, Swiss Academy of Arts and Sciences, Switzerland Co-referent: prof. John Grin, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
12.30
LUNCH BREAK
13.30
Theme 4: Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow Keynote speaker: prof. John Ryan, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA Co-referent: David Clements MPA, Vice President, Canadian Health Services Research Foundation, Canada
14.10
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy Keynote speaker: dr. Silvio Funtowicz, Scientific Officer, Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen (IPSC), Joint Research Center of the European Commission, Italy Co-referent: prof. Roeland J. in ’t Veld, Chair RMNO, the Netherlands
14.50
First impressions by the chair of the first conference day, prof. ir. Rudy Rabbinge, Advisor Executive Board, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
14.55
COFFEE BREAK AND WALK TO KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
15.15 - 17.15 PARALLEL SESSIONS IN KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING Theme 1
Knowledge & Future Research 1.1 Problems & Opportunities Chaired by: prof. Herman Eijsackers, Chair, Scientific Advisory Board, Wageningen University and Research Centre and Chief Scientific Officer, Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LNV), the Netherlands
Theme 2
State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research 2.1 Transdisciplinary Research: Its Possibilities and Limitations Chaired by: dr. Jacqueline Broerse, Head of Science Communication, Athena Institute, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Theme 3
Practical Approaches to Boundary Work 3.1 Boundary Work and Transition Management Chaired by: prof. Robert Hoppe, University of Twente, the Netherlands
Theme 4
Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow 4.1 Old and New Media Living Apart Together? Chaired by: prof. Franciska de Jong, University of Twente and Board Member, Organisation of Scientific Research (NWO), the Netherlands 4.2 Knowledge Sharing: Who is the Facilitator? Chaired by: drs. Anja van der Aa, Entrepreneur, Platform Chains and Networks, the Netherlands
Theme 5
Defining Knowledge Democracy 5.1 Policy Experimentation & Academic Accountability Chaired by: prof. Wim van de Donk, Chair, Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), the Netherlands 5.2 Researching Publics Chaired by: dr. Floor Basten, Owner and Researcher, OrléoN, the Netherlands
PLENARY SESSION IN ACADEMY BUILDING 17.30
Speech by dr. Jacqueline Cramer, Minister of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM), the Netherlands
17.50
Reception at the Former University Library
19.00
DINNER AT THE FORMER UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
Conference Programme Towards Knowledge Democracy
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Day 2 August 26th, 2009 Tensions & Synergies Facing the Challenges 08.30
REGISTRATION FOR NEW PARTICIPANTS
international conference Towards Knowledge Democracy
PLENARY SESSION IN KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING 09.15
Wrap-up of the first conference day by the conference chair, prof. Roeland J. in ‘t Veld, Chair RMNO, the Netherlands
09.25
Introduction by the chair of the second conference day, drs. Koos van der Steenhoven, Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OCW), the Netherlands
09.50
Transdisciplinary Scholarship, by prof. Chris Peterson, Michigan State University Product Centre for Agriculture and Natural Resources, USA
10.20
Evaluating Evidence, by dr. David Stanners, Head of International Cooperation, European Environment Agency, Denmark
10.45
COFFEE BREAK
11.15 - 13.00 PARALLEL SESSIONS IN KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING Theme 1
Knowledge & Future Research 1.2 Scanning the Horizon Chaired by: ir. Hans van der Veen, Director, Study Centre for Technology Trends (STT), the Netherlands
Theme 2
State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research 2.2 Creating the Landscape: Scientific Knowledge in Regional Case Studies Chaired by: prof. Paul Opdam, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands 2.3 Transdisciplinary Research: Its Contribution to Problem Solving and the Consequences for Higher Education Chaired by: prof. Joske Bunders, VU University Amsterdam and Council Member RMNO, the Netherlands
Theme 3
Practical Approaches to Boundary Work 3.2 Mainstreaming Citizen Participation Chaired by: dr. Lars Klüver, Director, Danish Board of Technology, Denmark
Theme 4
Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow 4.3 Lost in Translation Chaired by: prof. ir. Klaas van Egmond, Utrecht University, the Netherlands 4.4 Network Knowledge Society – Effects for Science & Politics Chaired by: drs. Marinka Voorhout, Director Academy and Principal Consultant KBenP, the Netherlands
Theme 5
Defining Knowledge Democracy 5.3 Production and Use of Knowledge in the Political Realm Chaired by: mr. Guido Enthoven, Founder and Director, Institute for Social Innovation (IMI), the Netherlands
5.4 Scientists as Citizens: Citizens as Scientists Chaired by: dr. David Laws, Senior Lecturer, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands 5.5 Policy Experimentation, Social Learning, and Political Accountability Chaired by: prof. Anton Hemerijck, Director, Scientific Council for Government Policy
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(WRR), the Netherlands LUNCH BREAK
14.15 - 16.00 PARALLEL SESSIONS IN KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING Theme 1
Knowledge & Future Research 1.3 The Future in Policy-making Chaired by: prof. ir. Rudy Rabbinge, Advisor Executive Board, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
Theme 2
State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research 2.4 Stimulating Informed Debate on Sustainable Development Chaired by: prof. Frans Berkhout, VU University Amsterdam and Council Member RMNO, the Netherlands 2.5 Transdisciplinary Research as Social Learning Chaired by: prof. Josee van Eijndhoven, Erasmus University Rotterdam and Member of the Academy of Technology and Innovation (AcTI), the Netherlands
Theme 3
Practical Approaches to Boundary Work 3.3 Collaborative Knowledge Production Chaired by: prof. Jurian Edelenbos, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands and drs. Nienke van Schie, PhD Researcher, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands 3.4 A New Methodology for Policy Research? Chaired by: prof. Peter van Hoesel, Erasmus University Rotterdam and Director of Panteia, the Netherlands
Theme 4
Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow 4.5 Science-based Reports, Media and the Political Hype Chaired by: mr. drs. Jan Staman, Director, Rathenau Institute, the Netherlands 4.6 Citizens in Charge (1): Participation in Inspection and Monitoring : Introduction and Experiences in the Netherlands Chaired by: prof. Valerie Frissen, Erasmus University Rotterdam and Senior Strategistat TNO Information and Communication Technology, the Netherlands
Theme 5
Defining Knowledge Democracy 5.6 Inconvenient Knowledge and Policy-making Chaired by: prof. Henk Dekker, Leiden University, the Netherlands 5.7 Organising Politics in a Knowledge Democracy – Reinventing Political Parties Chaired by: dr. Krijn van Beek, Advisor, Council for Societal Development (RMO) and Founding Director of the Think Tank 2100, the Netherlands
Conference Programme Towards Knowledge Democracy
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international conference Towards Knowledge Democracy
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8 Open Sessions Part 1 14.15 -
An Introduction to the “Meaning of Knowledge”
14.30
by ir. Arnold Fellendans, Networker, Network for Future Research (NTV) and Network for Sustainable Higher Education (DHO), the Netherlands
14.30 -
Knowledge, Power & Identity: Struggles Over Unstructured Laptop Use in American
14.45
University Classrooms by dr. Jill Harrison, Post-doctoral Fellow, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA
14.45 -
An Inter- and Transdisciplinary Analysis of the Climate Discussion of Transport
15.00
by dr. Petri Tapio, Senior Researcher, Turku School of Economics, Finland
15.00 -
Democratic Decision-making and Innovative Knowledge: Two Cases
15.15
by drs. Paul Jansen Schoonhoven, Senior Training Manager and Consultant, ROI/HEC Institute for Public Administration, the Netherlands drs. Laura Sprengers ma, Advisor, ROI Institute for Public Administration, the Netherlands
15.15 -
Boundary Spanning in Hybrid Dutch Organisations
15.30
by Philip Marcel Karré MPhil, Senior Researcher and Lecturer, Netherlands School for Public Administration (NSOB), the Netherlands
15.30 -
The Knowledge Broker, Matching Supply and Demand of Expert Knowledge
15.45
by drs. Michel Leenders, Head of Spatial Development and Management, City of Gouda, the Netherlands
16.00
COFFEE BREAK
16.15 - 18.00 PARALLEL SESSIONS IN KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING Theme 1
Knowledge & Future Research 1.4 Future Research and Strategic Policy making: How do the Two Relate? Chaired by: prof. Maarten Hajer, Director, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL), the Netherlands
Theme 2
State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research 2.6 Sustainable Value Development through New Knowledge Creation Chaired by: ir. Jeroen Bordewijk, Council Member RMNO, Board Me ofmber TransForum and former Senior Vice President at Unilever, the Netherlands 2.7 The Transition Approach and the Resilience Approach: What can we Learn? Chaired by: prof. Josee van Eijndhoven, Erasmus University Rotterdam and Member of the Academy of Technology and Innovation (AcTI), the Netherlands
Theme 3
Practical Approaches to Boundary Work 3.5 Boundary Institutions in Science Governance - Triangulating Knowledge and Democratic Practice Chaired by: dr. Peter Stegmaier, Assistant Professor, University of Twente, the Netherlands
Theme 4
Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow 4.7 Citizens in Charge (2): Participation in Inspection and Monitoring: International Experiences and Conclusions Chaired by: dr. Jeroen Kerseboom, Vice Chair, VIDE Association for Monitoring,
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Assessment and Inspecting, the Netherlands Chaired by: drs. Margo Smit, Director, Association of Research Journalists (VVOJ), Belgium and the Netherlands Theme 5
Defining Knowledge Democracy 5.8 Knowledge-Democracy or Jericho-Democracy? A Design Workshop Chaired by: drs. Jan Schrijver, Senior Civil Servant, Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations (BZK), the Netherlands 5.9 Facing and Bridging the Gap: Organising Knowledge For Policy-making Chaired by: dr. Arnold Jonk, Director of Knowledge, Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OCW), the Netherlands (invited)
Open Sessions Part 2 16.15 -
We’re Only in It for the Knowledge. Does Democracy Pay?
16.30
by drs. Hans Keune, Political Scientist, University of Antwerp, Belgium
16.30 -
People Empower Each Other, Information Technology Helps Only in Facilitating
16.45
Them by drs. Marga Jacobs, Lecturer, Avans University of Applied Sciences and President, Human Environment Foundation (Vereniging Leefmilieu), the Netherlands
16.45 -
Dissemination and Implementation of Knowledge within the Public Health Sector
17.00
by dr. Lenneke Vaandrager, Associate Professor, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
17.00 -
Globalisation and Governance Reforms in India
17.15
by dr. Vasant Moharir, Retired Academic and former President of the Foundation for Critical Choices for India, the Netherlands
18.00
WALK TO THE FORMER UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
18.30
Reception and speech by drs. Henri Lenferink, Mayor, City of Leiden, the Netherlands
19.30
DINNER
Conference Programme Towards Knowledge Democracy
4.8 Investigative Journalism and the Battle for Access to Information
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Day 3 August 27th, 2009 Bridging Theory and Practice Taking Responsibility 08.30
REGISTRATION IN KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
international conference Towards Knowledge Democracy
09.00 – 11.00 PARALLEL SESSIONS IN KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING Theme 1
Knowledge & Future Research 1.5 Towards a Better Governance of Long-term Decision-making Chaired by: prof. Roeland J. in ‘t Veld, Chair, RMNO, the Netherlands and Chair of Working Group Governance, European Environment and Sustainable Development Advisory Councils (EEAC), Belgium
Theme 2
State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research 2.8 Roles, Competence and Action Perspectives of Actors in Transdisciplinary Research Chaired by: dr. ir. Huib Silvis, Head of Public Issues Division, Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI), Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands 2.9 Research and Knowledge Transfer in Water Management Chaired by: ir. Bert Satijn, Director, Research Programme Living with Water, the Netherlands
Theme 3
Practical Approaches to Boundary Work 3.6 Implications for the Science-policy Interface Chaired by: prof. Robert Hoppe, University of Twente, the Netherlands 3.7 Practical Approaches to Boundary Work around Transformative Change Chaired by: dr. René Kemp, Senior Researcher, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
Theme 4
Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow 4.9 Communication about Controversial Issues Chaired by: drs. Pieter Hilhorst, Publicist and Journalist, Volkskrant newspaper (among others), the Netherlands 4.10 From Response to Responsibility Chaired by: drs. Willem Schoonen, Chief Editor, Trouw newspaper, the Netherlands
Theme 5
Defining Knowledge Democracy 5.10 Wanted: Competent Public Officials Chaired by: drs. Kees Vijlbrief, Deputy Director General, Office for the Senior Civil Service (ABD), Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations (BZK), the Netherlands 5.11 Improvement of Knowledge Transfer: Co-operation or Competition in the Research Field? Chaired by: drs. Martin van der Gugten cmc, President, Association for Policy Research (VBO), the Netherlands
11.00
COFFEE BREAK
PARALLEL SESSIONS 11.20
Open Space Session: Planning for Action
11.20
Gathering and combining results. Preparing recommendations.
12.30
LUNCH BREAK AT KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
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13.30
PLENARY SESSION IN ACADEMY BUILDING
13.30
Opening by the chair of the third conference day, ir. Hans van der Vlist, Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM), the Netherlands. The recommendations of the participants of the conference, “the Leiden Agenda”, will be presented to distinguished leaders in the Netherlands in the domains of Politics, Science, Media and Industry. Speakers prof. Paul F. van der Heijden, Rector Magnificus Leiden University, the Netherlands prof. Uri Rosenthal, Leiden University and Senator, the Netherlands drs. Willem Schoonen, Chief Editor, newspaper Trouw, the Netherlands dr. Herman Tjeenk Willink, Vice President of the Council of State, the Netherlands mrs. Gerdi Verbeet, President of the House of Representatives of the States General, the Netherlands dr. Hans Wijers, Chair of the Board of Management, AkzoNobel, the Netherlands
15.30
Final remarks by the conference chair, prof. Roeland J. in ‘t Veld, Chair, RMNO, the Netherlands
15.30
HIGH TEA AT ACADEMY BUILDING
Conference Programme Towards Knowledge Democracy
AND WALK TO ACADEMY BUILDING
international conference Towards Knowledge Democracy
Contact & Locations
Organised by
Accommodation
RMNO
Hotel Tulip Inn
Advisory Council for Research on Spatial Planning,
Schipholweg 3
Nature and the Environment
2316 XB Leiden
Emmapark 6
The Netherlands
2595 AT The Hague
Telephone number: +31 (0)71 522 66 75
The Netherlands Email: bureau@rmno.nl Phone: +31 (0)70 315 52 10 www.rmno.nl
N
the Netherlands is: 112
o o rderplantsoen
The emergency telephone number in
at Steenstra
Safety and Security
Sc hu Hotel Tulip Inn tte rs ve ld Stationsweg Rij ns b urgersingel
Leiden Central Station
Pr
please see emergency numers per location and make sure to inform the reception in the case of
i nsessek ade
When situated in one of the University buildings,
an emergency.
Rapenburg Canal burg Rapen
Academy Building
The Former University Library “Oude UB” Kamerlingh Onnes Building Steenschuur
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Locations Leiden University Academy Building
The Former University Library
Rapenburg 73
“Oude UB”
2311 GJ Leiden
Rapenburg 70
Telephone number: +31 (0)71 527 32 90
2311 BZ Leiden
In case of emergency:
Telephone number: +31 (0)71 527 32 90
Telephone number: +31 (0)71 527 33 00
Kamerlingh Onnes Building Steenschuur 25 2311 ES Leiden Telephone number: +31 (0)71 527 52 20 In case of emergency: Telephone number: +31 (0)71 527 79 79
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Conference Partners
An initiative of
Advisory Council for Research on Spatial Planning, Nature and the Environment (RMNO), the Netherlands www.rmno.nl
Council for Public Administration (ROB), the Netherlands www.rfv.nl
European Commision (EC), Belgium www.ec.europa.eu
European Environment Agency (EEA), Denmark www.eea.europa.eu
European Environment and Sustainable Development Advisory Councils (EEAC), Belgium http://www.eeac-net.org/
Leiden University, the Netherlands www.leiden.edu
Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LNV), the Netherlands www.minlnv.nl Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OCW), the Netherlands www.minocw.nl Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM), the Netherlands www.vrom.nl Office for the Senior Civil Service (ABD), the Netherlands www.algemenebestuursdienst.nl Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (VenW), the Netherlands www.minvenw.nl City of Leiden, the Netherlands www.leiden.nl Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), the Netherlands www.nwo.nl Rathenau Institute, the Netherlands www.rathenau.nl
ScienceGuide, the Netherlands www.scienceguide.nl
Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), the Netherlands www.wrr.nl
TransForum, the Netherlands www.transforum.nl
Conference Partners Towards Knowledge Democracy
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August 25th 08.30 - 09.30 Academy Building
The Academy Building, located at Rapenburg, is the oldest building and the heart of the University of Leiden. The building was built in 1516 as a nunnery and since 1581 it is used by the (then) newly established university. Today it is a national monument that is mainly used for ceremonial events, such as graduation ceremonies and promotions, although some lectures still take place in the Academy Building. The Academic Museum is located in the building and is the gateway to the Hortus Botanicus.
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Tuesday, August 25th
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August 25th 09.30 - 09.40 Academy Building
Welcome | Plenary session
Tuesday, August 25th
Welcome
Leiden University, the Netherlands prof. Rietje van Dam, Vice Rector Magnificus, Leiden University, the Netherlands
Rietje van Dam is Vice Rector Magnificus at Leiden
She studied chemistry at Utrecht University, the
University. At Leiden University she also holds the
Netherlands, graduated in 1973 and did her PhD
Chair for Sustainable Development and Innovation
thesis at the same university in 1976. After that
of Education in the Faculty of Mathematics and
period she worked at Maastricht University and
Sciences.
the Open University of the Netherlands where she was appointed as Professor and Chair Natural
She has been and still is a member of several
Sciences, especially biochemistry and biotech-
advisory and supervisory committees: the
nology in1993. From 1996-1998 she was chair of
Programme Committee Science and Technology
the Board of Professors (rector) at the same
of the European Association of Distance Teaching
university. She is a founding member of the
Universities (EADTU), the Scientific Advisory
Regional Centre of Expertise (RCE) Rhine-Meuse
Board of the Deutsches Institut für Fernstudien
and actively involved in the RCE-initiative of
Forschung an der Universität Tübingen (DIFF),the
United Nations University as visiting professor for
Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR),
RCEs at the United Nations Institute for Advanced
the Netherlands, the Advisory Board of AXIS, the
Studies (UNU-IAS) in Japan and as a member of
national platform for science and technology in
the Ubuntu Committee of Peers for RCEs.
education and labour market, the Scientific Advisory Board of Delft Cluster, the Supervisory Board of AkzoNobel Netherlands, the Supervisory Board of the Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), the Netherlands, the Stiftungsrat of Lüneburg University, the Dutch/Flemish Association of Science Centres, the Supervisory Board of Unilever Netherlands and the Advisory Board of Deltares.
Rietje van Dam: “To me, knowledge democracy stands for an effective and respectful interaction between: · the development of knowledge in a scientific manner · sharing knowledge with a wide audience · dealing with knowledge from a “public good” perspective.”
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August 25th 09.40 - 09.50 Academy Building
Rudy Rabbinge is chair of several national and
for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), the
international organisations. He is deputy
Netherlands.
chairman of the Commission for Environmental
He has several distinctions to his name, among
Assessment (MER), the Netherlands, chair of the
which the Knight in the Order of the Netherlands
Science Council of the Consultative Group on
Lion, the Knight in the Order of Oranje-Nassau
International Agricultural Research (CGIAR, Italy/
and Honorary Professor of the Chinese Academy
USA), he is chair of the Board Earth and Life
of Agricultural Sciences. He is also Board Member
Sciences (ALW) of the Organization for Scientific
of the Directors Alliance for a Green Revolution in
Research (NWO), the Netherlands, chair of the
Africa.
Council of Earth and Life Sciences of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
Rudy Rabbinge studied biology and crop
(KNAW) and other organisations. He is also
protection at the Wageningen University and
Professor in Sustainable Development and Food
Research Centre. He conducted his PhD in
Security at Wageningen University and Research
agricultural and environmental sciences at the
Centre and Advisor to the Executive Board of this
same university. He has written over 200
university. Rudy Rabbinge is member of
scientific publications (international A-refereed
numerous national and international organisa-
journals), 5 text books, more than 250 other
tions, such as the Executive Committee of the
publications, and reports.
Asia Rice Foundation, Thailand, the International Advisory Board of TransForum Agro & Groen, the Netherlands, the Executive Board of the Centre for World Food Studies, the Scientific Programme Indonesia-the Netherlands (SPIN) and the Supervisory Committee of the National Institute
Rudy Rabbinge: “Knowledge democracy means better access and understanding of knowledge in different fields without full background information. Every interested layman should be in a position to participate in discussions on dilemma ‘s and ethical choices.”
Opening | Plenary session
prof. ir. Rudy Rabbinge, Advisor Executive Board, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
Tuesday, August 25th
Opening by the chair of the first conference day
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August 25th 09.50 - 10.10 Academy Building
Introduction | Plenary session
0.0
Tuesday, August 25th
Introduction by the conference chair
RMNO prof. Roeland J. in ‘t Veld, Chair of the RMNO, the Netherlands
Roeland in ’t Veld is Chair of the Advisory Council
In the past Roeland in ’t Veld has held positions
for Research on Spatial Planning, Nature and the
such as Director General for Higher Education and
Environment (RMNO). He is professor at the Open
Scientific Research at the Ministry of Education,
University of the Netherlands, Professor of Good
Culture and Science, Secretary of State for
Governance at the University of the Netherlands
Education and Science and Chair of the
Antilles. Furthermore, he is a member of the
Supervisory Board of the IB Group. He was also
Supervisory Board of Netherlands Knowledge
Dean of the Netherlands School for Public
Country and Commissioner for IBM The
Administration (NSOB), Rector of SIOO, the
Netherlands, HSK Group and President
Interuniversity Centre for Development in the field
Commissioner of Prorail. Roeland in ’t Veld has
of Organisation and Change Management.
editorial responsibility for a wide range of publications, including works on process management and the Handbook on ‘Corporate Governance’.
Roeland in ‘t Veld: “Speaking truth to power is complicated considerably by the tensions between politics, science and media. Does it take three to tango in this problematique?”
10.10 - 10.30 COFFEE BREAK
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August 25th 10.30 - 11.10 Academy Building
prof. Julie Thompson Klein, Wayne State University, USA
Co-referent
prof. Marjolein van Asselt, Maastricht University and Council Member of the Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), the Netherlands
Theme 1 asks all participants in this international
knowledge in a new agora of collaborative research
conference to consider the role of research in
and problem solving. Yet, despite successes and
realising a “knowledge democracy“ at the
the widening credence of TDR, the dominant
interfaces of science, politics, society, and media.
structure of research and education continues to
The root meaning of “democracy” frames our
prioritise academic modes and hierarchies.
collective task. The strength of knowledge and
Another growing literature base documents the
decision-making depends partly on leveraging the
possibilities of new technologies in building a
lessons of two major developments: transdiscipli-
digital commons. Yet, the Internet is rife with
nary research (TDR) and new digital technologies.
tensions between open access and privatisation, uneven cyber infrastructure across nations and
The two topics – TDR and digital technologies
communities, stereotyping and dubious authority.
– have not been linked closely in the past, but
Both developments underscore the heightened
they share common values for a knowledge
importance of new forms of research, learning, and
democracy, including:
critical literacies in both the public and private
· creating an open space for all forms of knowledge;
arenas. This need is all the more pressing at a time
· fostering the participation of all stakeholders;
when older taxonomies of knowledge are slow to
· providing equal access to power and
change while information comes increasingly from
representation;
new media sources, and when web-based
· facilitating new modes of social learning;
networking, 20 million hits on YouTube, and
· and crossing the boundaries that divide
orchestrated tweets on Twitter are more persua-
knowledge domains and sectors of society.
sive in the demos than older media of the classroom, television and radio, and print
These common values reflect significant changes
publications. The answer is not to design a new
in how we think about producing and dissemi-
virtual world, but to inform future research and
nating knowledge. A growing literature base on
decision-making with a reflexive understanding of
TDR documents the theory and practice of crossing
the changing nature of knowledge and the role of
boundaries between academic and other forms of
new intermediated forms of communicative action.
Julie Thompson Klein: “The roots of the term democracy derive from the Greek demos, meaning the ‘people’, and krátos, meaning ‘rule or strength’. The strength of problem-solving and decision-making in the contemporary world depends in no small part on drawing lessons from inter- and transdisciplinary research that crosses the boundaries of both academic fields and other sectors of society in the demos. The building stones of knowledge democracy today also require leveraging the affordances of information technology, necessitating new forms of digital literacy, participatory learning, and communicative action.”
1.0
Keynote Speaker
Tuesday, August 25th
Knowledge & Future Research: an introduction
Theme 1: Knowledge & Future Research | Plenary session
1.0
22
August 25th 11.10 - 11.50 Academy Building
State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research: an introduction
Keynote Speaker
prof. Roland Scholz, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Switzerland
Co-referent
prof. Joske Bunders, Director, Athena Institute at VU University Amsterdam and Council Member of the RMNO, the Netherlands
2.0
Tuesday, August 25th
2.0
Theme 2: State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research | Plenary session
The importance of transdisciplinary research as a link between knowledge and policy is increasing. In the Netherlands however, until now this link has barely been established. When does one choose a transdisciplinary approach of research? What are the possibilities and limitations of transdisciplinary research and how can this be mutually combined with social learning? What recommendations can be made concerning knowledge development, the role of stakeholders, the use of knowledge and competencies? This plenary session will introduce the theme of ‘State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research’ in an international context. The parallel sessions of this theme will go in-depth on the current use of transdisciplinary research, trends and expectations, important stakeholders and their role in transdisciplinary research.
Roland Scholz: “A knowledge democracy asks for the support and the efficient utilisation of different types of epistemics/knowledge, values/norms and discourses in society. Transdisciplinarity which organises mutual learning between science and society for getting socially robust solutions and the dismantling of barriers between different knowledge systems (among others between sciences), which is an important methodology for supporting knowledge democracy. Finding appropriate ways of integrating or relating knowledge from different disciplines in relation to different systems, from different modes of thought, (e.g. analytic and intuitive thinking) interests and cultures can be a challenge.”
23
3.0
Practical Approaches to Boundary Work: an introduction
dr. Christian Pohl, Co-Director of transdisciplinarity-net, Swiss Academy of Arts and Sciences, Switzerland
Co-referent
prof. John Grin, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Research that crosses disciplinary boundaries and
How can these approaches be conceptualised and
boundaries between science and society to
formulated as challenges from the perspective of
address real world problems can be found in a
those involved in the knowledge production
number of thematic fields, such as global
process? Is there a need for experienced boundary
environmental change, migration, public health,
workers who organise such collective knowledge
new technologies or area development. It goes by
production? And if so, what are the specific
names like transdisciplinary research, knowledge
competencies of such boundary workers?
production 2.0, boundary work and transition or hybrid management. Such knowledge production often takes place as a self-organised temporary collaboration of disciplinary researchers and actors from civil society, the government and the private sector. The question however remains, how the practical experiences gained in one project can be depersonalised and handed over to the next project to disburden project teams form “re-inventing the wheel”. For that purpose, the practical experiences have to be sampled and systematised and the core challenges as well as successful ways to address them have to be identified. But what are the specific challenges that have to be addressed in boundary work? What are suitable approaches to address these? Christian Pohl: “In a knowledge democracy science is not the only provider, interpreter and reviewer of knowledge. That does – as the term democracy may imply –not mean, that the majority votes for what is true and false. Rather, knowledge production becomes a collective process, normatively oriented to sustainable development, and bringing together those from civil society, the private sector, the government and science, who have a say in the matter. The challenge we face is finding those who have a say in the matter, certifying their contribution is reliable and integrating the contributions in relation to the problem on the ground.” 12.30 - 13.30 LUNCH BREAK
Theme 3: Practical Approaches to Boundary Work | Plenary session
3.0
Keynote Speaker
Tuesday, August 25th
August 25th 11.50 - 12.30 Academy Building
24
August 25th 13.30 - 14.10 Academy Building
Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow: an introduction
Keynote Speaker
prof. John Ryan, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA
Co-referent
David Clements MPA, Vice President, Canadian Health Services Research Foundation, Canada
Theme 4: Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow | Plenary session
4.0
Tuesday, August 25th
4.0
Regarding the role of the media as messenger and
Moreover, democratisation of knowledge has
translator between science, other knowledge
increased the amount of available data and facts
producers and politics, two different worlds have
enormously. What role does investigative
emerged: the ‘old’ and the ‘new’ media. How are
journalism fulfill? Dealing with knowledge has
their roles changing and what about the
been subject of discussion among parliamentar-
interaction between them? Especially the
ians in recent years. The quality of knowledge is
Internet-based ‘new’ media are characterised by
susceptible to ‘wicked’, contested, emotional and
speed, high velocity in subjects and opinions and
value-laden opinions. Still, policy makers must
an intense variety in sources and supply. This
prepare responsible action. What is in that case
allows little time to reflect.
the most effective way of providing them with the knowledge they need, and how can they
The change in one area automatically implicates
distinguish hypes?
changes in another. How are these developments
This plenary session will introduce the theme
in the media affecting politics, which choices
‘Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow’ in an
should be made, why and by whom? In what way
international context. The parallel sessions of this
are the media responsible for the knowledge and
theme will go in-depth within these issues.
information on which citizens and politicians base their opinions? And when does selection of information turn into manipulation?
John Ryan: “Knowledge democracy is about approximating the free flow of information. It refers both to the production and consumption of information. Both are increasingly mediated by widely available, relatively inexpensive technologies, rather than by technologies embedded in traditional institutions. Thus democratic knowledge is often outside institutional filtering processes. This is both its strength and its weakness.”
25
August 25th 14.10 - 14.50 Academy Building
Defining Knowledge Democracy: an introduction
dr. Silvio Funtowicz, Scientific Officer, Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen (IPSC) of the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Italy
Co-referent
prof. Roeland J. in ‘t Veld, Chair of the RMNO, the Netherlands
How is knowledge being organised? How is it
When it comes to knowledge producers, where do
applied when it comes to policy making? Timing
civil organisations come in? Do they require
and verification of knowledge as input is crucial.
involvement in knowledge production, in order to
As a knowledge economy aimed at an increasing
ensure that it suits their needs and can make a
intensity of knowledge in production, the concept
contribution to a better living of certain groups or
of knowledge democracy concerns issues that
society as a whole?
relate to the intensification of knowledge in politics. How can scientific knowledge and
The existence of a gap between knowledge and
citizens’ science both be utilised in processes
politics does not seem to be the only one, the gap
within politics? How can conflicts between both
between politicians and public seems to be
types of knowledge be solved? How is knowledge
widening too. Political parties fulfil important
translated into policy-making? The gap between
roles when it comes down to agenda setting and
knowledge and policy-making processes seems to
programming societal opportunities; a clear
be widening. Moreover, scientists who prepare
responsibility towards implementing solutions for
knowledge for policy-making are sometimes
societal problems. What will their role be in the
influenced or even threatened to ‘adjust’ their
future? How will these gaps develop?
conclusions if they are not in line with what policy makers expect. How independent is knowledge?
Silvio Funtowicz*: “Science now has to cope with irreducible uncertainties in knowledge and ethics, and complexity, implying the legitimacy of a plurality of perspectives and ways of knowing. In this way its practice is becoming more akin to the workings of a democratic society, characterised by extensive participation and tolerance of diversity.There are now many initiatives for involving wider circles of people in knowledge production and decision-making. In these processes, the maintenance of scientific quality (a core commitment of post-normal science) depends on an open dialogue between all those involved. This dialogue takes place in an extended peer community, consisting not merely of persons with some form or other of institutional accreditation, but rather of all those with a desire to participate in the resolution of the relevant issues. Since this context of science is one involving policy and action, we might see this extension of peer communities as analogous to earlier extensions of the franchise in other fields, such as women’s suffrage and trade union rights.” *The views expressed are those of the author and do not represent necessarily those of the European Commission
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy | Plenary session
5.0
Keynote Speaker
Tuesday, August 25th
5.0
26
August 25th 14.50 - 14.55 Academy Building
prof. ir. Rudy Rabbinge, Advisor Executive Board of Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
First Impressions | Plenary session
0.0
Tuesday, August 25th
First impressions by the chair of the first conference day
Rudy Rabbinge is chair of several national and
World Food Studies, the Scientific Programme
international organisations. He is deputy
Indonesia-the Netherlands (SPIN) and the
chairman of the Commission for Environmental
Supervisory Committee of the National Institute
Assessment (MER), the Netherlands, chair of the
for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), the
Science Council of the Consultative Group on
Netherlands.
International Agricultural Research (CGIAR, Italy/
He has several distinctions to his name, among
USA), he is chair of the Board Earth and Life
which the Knight in the Order of the Netherlands
Sciences (ALW) of the Organization for Scientific
Lion, the Knight in the Order of Oranje-Nassau
Research (NWO), the Netherlands, chair of the
and Honorary Professor of the Chinese Academy
Council of Earth and Life Sciences of the Royal
of Agricultural Sciences. He is also Board Member
Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
of the Directors Alliance for a Green Revolution in
(KNAW) and other organisations. He is also
Africa.
Professor in Sustainable Development and Food Security at Wageningen University and Research
Rudy Rabbinge studied biology and crop
Centre and Advisor to the Executive Board of this
protection at the Wageningen University and
university. Rudy Rabbinge is member of
Research Centre. He conducted his PhD in
numerous national and international organisa-
agricultural and environmental sciences at the
tions, such as the Executive Committee of the
same university. He has written over 200
Asia Rice Foundation, Thailand, the International
scientific publications (international A-refereed
Advisory Board of TransForum Agro & Groen, the
journals), 5 text books, more than 250 other
Netherlands, the Executive Board of the Centre for
publications, and reports.
Rudy Rabbinge: “Knowledge democracy means better access and understanding of knowledge in different fields without full background innformation. Every interested layman should be in a position to participate in discussions on dilemma ‘s and ethical choices.” 14.55 - 15.15 COFFEE BREAK AND WALK TO KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
27
August 25th 15.15 - 17.15 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Problems and Opportunities
Chair prof. Herman Eijsackers, Chair of the Scientific Advisory Board, Wageningen University and Research Centre and Chief Scientific Officer at the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LNV), the Netherlands
Tuesday, August 25th
1.1
dr. Ewald Breunesse, Manager Energy Transitions, Shell Netherlands, the Netherlands
dr. Patrick van der Duin, Assistant Professor, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
prof. Julie Thompson Klein, Wayne State University, USA
How is future research being (ab)used currently, and what trends can we forecast? What are the strengths and major win-win scenarios of future research? What are the threats and to which extent do the weaknesses of future research dominate its use? How does this affect government and the public domain? Where do we see opportunities and how can these be addressed? In this session the keynote speaker and co-referent of the plenary meeting will answer questions about their introductions, and discuss experiences with other panel speakers. In addition panel speakers will give their views, based on the wide range of their experiences.
Herman Eijsackers: “It is not so much the problem ‘that everybody knows everything’, yet too many people thínk to know everything. Therefore, “knowledge assessment” i.e. the valuation of information, is going to be a fundamental activity in the following years, regardless for which scientific, political or social group this is intended.” 17.15 - 17.30 WALK TO ACADEMY BUILDING
Theme 1: Knowledge & Future Research | Parallel session
1.1
Panel prof. Marjolein van Asselt, Maastricht University and Council Member of the Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), the Netherlands
28
August 25th 15.15 - 17.15 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Tuesday, August 25th
2.1
Transdisciplinary Research: Its Possibilities and Limitations
Chair dr. Jacqueline Broerse, Head of Science Communication, Athena Institute at VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Theme 2: State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research | Parallel session
2.1
Panel prof. Joske Bunders, Director, Athena Institute at VU University Amsterdam and Council Member of the RMNO, the Netherlands
dr. Thomas Jahn, Senior Scientist, Co-founder and Executive Director, Institute for Social Ecological Research (ISOE), Germany
prof. Chris Peterson, Michigan State University Product Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, USA
prof. Roland Scholz, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Switzerland
This session deals with a broad range of topics,
In this session the keynote speaker and
setting the stage for more in-depth discussion in
co-referent of the plenary meeting will answer
subsequent sessions. How and why did transdis-
questions about their introductions, and discuss
ciplinary research emerge? How did it develop
experiences with other panel speakers.
over the past decades? And where are we now with
In addition panel speakers will give their views,
respect to the epistemological, methodological
from the wide range of their experience, on the
and organisational challenges it raises? Do we
issues of the morning.
have proof of concept with respect to transdisciplinary research? What are issues for future research?
Chris Peterson: “As the knowledge needed to enhance performance moves from explicit to tacit to new, the supply chain governance structure must move from exchange governance to learning governance to transformational governance.” 17.15 - 17.30 WALK TO ACADEMY BUILDING
29
August 25th 15.15 - 17.15 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Panel dr. Christian Pohl, Co-Director of transdisciplinarity-net and Lecturer and Senior Researcher at the Swiss Academy of Arts and Sciences, Switzerland
prof. John Grin, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
In this session the keynote speaker and
crossing disciplinary boundaries and b) inte-
co-referent of the plenary meeting will answer
grating formal and “real life” knowledge. In many
questions about their introductions, and discuss
cases, this reflects a discrepancy between
experiences with the audience.
contemporary problems and formal disciplinary knowledge as this has historically co-evolved with
Transdisciplinary knowledge development is
previous types of problems. Understanding the
useful when the nature of a problem is such, that
rationale for transdisciplinary research in this
it may only be adequately dealt with through a)
particular way sheds additional light on the issue.
Robert Hoppe: “We only imperfectly understand the world’s complexity, yet want to shape it to our ideals. This condemns us to permanent trial-and-error learning. The competition of experiments creates myriads of problems that need to be made governable somehow, in order for the trials not to result in self-destructive errors. Good governance of problems entails democracy, which is, like almost everything else we do, a form of cooperation between laymen and experts. Therefore, at first sight, ‘knowledge democracy’ looks like an oxymoron. But, on some reflection, it is not! The notion expresses the never-ending challenge to maximise the intelligence of democracy by fostering mutually creative links between the wisdom of the crowds and innovative expert knowledge in intelligent, fast, and sustainable trial-and-error learning.” 17.15 - 17.30 WALK TO ACADEMY BUILDING
3.1
Chair prof. Robert Hoppe, University of Twente, the Netherlands
Tuesday, August 25th
Boundary Work and Transition Management
Theme 3: Practical Approaches to Boundary Work | Parallel session
3.1
30
August 25th 15.15 - 17.15 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Theme 4: Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow | Parallel session
4.1
Tuesday, August 25th
4.1
Old and New Media living apart Together?
Co-hosted by the Virtual Knowledge Studio Chair prof. Franciska de Jong, University of Twente, Managing Director, Virtual Knowledge Studio at the Erasmus University Rotterdam and Member of the Governing Board of the Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), the Netherlands Panel David Clements MPA, Vice President, Canadian Health Services Research Foundation, Canada
dr. Jill Harrison, Post-doctoral Fellow, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA
dr. Caroline Nevejan, Independent Researcher & Designer and Visiting Fellow at VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
prof. John Ryan, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA
What do we know about the roles of ‘old’ and
In this session the keynote speaker and
‘new’ media, and about the interaction between
co-referent of the plenary meeting will answer
them? What are the challenges of the changes in
questions about their introductions, and discuss
the media landscape for knowledge producers and
experiences with panel speakers.
users: for scientists and for policy makers? Will
In addition panel speakers will give their views,
the new media in itself provide a new instrument
from the wide range of their experience, on the
for processes of democratic decision making?
issues of the morning.
David Clements: “Knowledge Democracy embodies the hope of progress on the problem of uncertainty of medical care. While healthcare professionals will always be the primary holders of the specialised information needed to deliver high-quality care, “democratising knowledge” requires acceptance of the important knowledge and expertise held by policymakers and the public as well.” 17.15 - 17.30 WALK TO ACADEMY BUILDING
31
August 25th 15.15 - 17.15 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Panel drs. Arina Angerman, Director, Network Social Initiatives (NSI) Province South-Holland, the Netherlands
Heleen Bouwmans, Member of the Steering Group Chain Alliance and Manager at Education Advisory Group The ABC, the Netherlands
drs. Jos de Groen, Senior Advisor Knowledge Directorate, Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OCW), the Netherlands
drs. Gert de Haan, Facilitator, Knowledge Network The Black Hole, the Netherlands
dr. Henk Nies, Chief Executive Officer, Vilans, the Netherlands
On the Internet, there is an explosion of knowl-
In this session, new and best practices will be
edge networks and web communities around
presented. Forms and roles to share and organise
social, health or environmental issues. In these
knowledge will be discussed. The main question
networks individuals share practical knowledge,
is: who is or what is the role of the facilitator?
ideas, tools and/or social contacts that are
For every participant there will be a simple Self
important for the quality of their work or personal
Test which helps to reflect on how to organise and
life. Initiatives are mostly started by professionals
share knowledge in networks and communities.
or civilians and sometimes by scientists. More cooperation between these actors is needed to ensure long term succes for these networks and communities. This a real challenge because different values, visions, interests and languages are involved. What makes a knowledge network successful?
Anja van der Aa: “Knowledge democracy is access to knowledge for every individual and organising a open forum for knowledge sharing. Knowledge democracy supports personal and professional problem-solving and decision making with IT facilities. The IT facilities are owned or controlled by a Third Trusted Party.” 17.15 - 17.30 WALK TO ACADEMY BUILDING
4.2
Chair drs. Anja van der Aa, Entrepreneur, Platform Chains and Networks, the Netherlands
Tuesday, August 25th
Knowledge Sharing: Who is the Facilitator?
Theme 4: Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow | Parallel session
4.2
32
August 25th 15.15 - 17.15 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Tuesday, August 25th
5.1
Policy Experimentation & Academic Accountability
Co-hosted by Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), the Netherlands Chair prof. Wim van de Donk, Chair, Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), the Netherlands
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy | Parallel session
5.1
Panel dr. Arwin van Buuren, Assistant Professor, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
dr. Silvio Funtowicz, Scientific Officer, Institute for the Protection and Security of Citizen (IPSC) at the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Italy
Stella van Rijn MBA, PhD Researcher, Nyenrode Business University, The Netherlands
prof. Katrien Termeer, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
prof. Roeland J. in ’t Veld, Chair, RMNO, the Netherlands
prof. Dirk J. Wolfson, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
As a knowledge economy aimed at an increasing
How do supervisors and regulators deal with
intensity of knowledge in production, the concept
citizens’ science? A number of questions concern
of knowledge democracy concerns issues that
the functioning of the democratic institutions
relate to the intensification of knowledge in
themselves as far as the application of knowledge
politics. Bottlenecks that threaten optimal
is involved. How do parliaments not only use
trajectories between the realm of politics and
knowledge but also produce knowledge? How do
policy-making are: the political agenda may not
parliaments deal with their dependence on
correspond with the existing policy theories that
information from ministries?
are embraced by the top civil servants within the ministries, the translation of policy questions into
In this session the keynote speaker and
knowledge demand may prove to be extremely
co-referent of the plenary meeting will answer
difficult, inconvenient newly produced knowledge
questions about their introductions, and discuss
will probably not be applied in policy-making,
experiences with panel speakers.
research will produce knowledge in the future but
In addition panel speakers will give their views,
the need is urgent now, so there is a general
from the wide range of their experience, on the
problem of timeliness. How to align?
issues of the morning.
Wim van de Donk: “Democracy, essentially, is about learning. Learning demands variety. Variety breeds sustainable wisdom.”
17.15 - 17.30 WALK TO ACADEMY BUILDING
33
August 25th 15.15 - 17.15 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Panel drs. Lex de Boer, Director of the Steering Committee for Experiments in Public Housing (SEV), the Netherlands
drs. Albert Cath, Owner, Narratio Knowledge and Advice and PhD Researcher at the University for Humanistic, the Netherlands
dr. Jurgen van der Heijden, Senior Consultant Sustainability, AT Osborne Consultants and Managers, the Netherlands
drs. Maurits Kreijveld, Project Manager, Study Centre for Technology Trends (STT), the Netherlands
dr. Noortje Marres, Research Fellow, University of Oxford, UK
drs. Anne-Marie Poorthuis, Director, Contemporary Connections Foundation for Network Development (Stichting Eigentijdse Verbindingen), the Netherlands
drs. Erik Schrijvers, Scientific Officer, Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), the Netherlands
From the moment sociology took itself seriously,
respondent can chose only one alternative. But in
its practitioners have, roughly speaking, travelled
sociology, the difference between quantitative
two different roads. The first started out of
and qualitative methods is decreasing, offering
pessimism about the possibility of an unmediated
possibilities to engage large amounts of
representation. The second began with optimism
participants in research with the same depth
about the possibility of finding universal laws.
earlier reserved for small scale analysis. Does this
They led to respectively micro and macrosociolo-
offer new perspectives for democracy as well?
gies. Some critics however claim that both led to
In this session, we discuss the outlines of a
nothing. Be as it may, a crisis in sociology is felt
mesosociology. The ‘public’, as an in-between unit
repetitively. Nowadays the problem of representa-
of analysis, is a key concept. Methods discussed
tion is still alive, not only in sociology but in
are based on narrative research and transdiscipli-
democracy as well.
nary production of meaning. Can they make the
There is an analogy between social sciences and
research process democratic and do their
democracy. Both have a habit of using closed
outcomes offer opportunities for social and
questionnaires on which either citizen or
political change?
Floor Basten: “Dutch society is highly educated and the Dutch government aims at creating a knowledge society. Multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary research are becoming increasingly popular and more and more – also fundamental – research takes place outside the context of universities. Outcomes of these types of research sometimes find their way to the policy arena, but exit easily under the government monopoly in policy relevance. In a knowledge democracy, a government does not focus solely on knowledge outcomes of universities and other state-financed institutes, but also pays attention to broader knowledge producing publics.”
5.2
Chair dr. Floor Basten, Owner and Researcher, OrléoN, the Netherlands
Tuesday, August 25th
Researching Publics
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy | Parallel session
5.2
34
August 25th 17.30 - 17.50 Academy Building
Speech | Plenary session
Tuesday, August 25th
Speech
Netherlands Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM) dr. Jacqueline Cramer, Minister of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment, the Netherlands
Jacqueline Cramer went on after her secondary
at the Erasmus University Rotterdam, the
education to the University of Arkansas (USA),
Netherlands from 1999 to 2005, and until 2007,
where she studied philosophy from 1969 to 1970.
professor of Sustainable Enterprise at Copernicus
She subsequently studied biology at the
Institute of the University of Utrecht, the
University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Netherlands.
graduating in 1976. In 1987 she obtained her
Jacqueline Cramer was a crown-appointed
doctorate in social sciences at the same
member of the Social and Economic Council (SER),
university with a thesis on Missio-orientation in
the Netherlands. She has also been a member of
ecology: the case of Dutch freshwater ecology.
the Supervisory Board of the World Wide Fund for
Jacqueline Cramer was a lecturer at the University
Nature (WWF), the University of Maastricht and
of Amsterdam from 1976 to 1989, first in the
Arnhem-Nijmegen University, the Council for
Biology and Society Department and then in the
Transport, Public Works and Water Management,
Dynamics of Science teaching and research unit.
council member of the RMNO and the supervisory
From 1989 to 1995 she was senior researcher at
Committee of the National Institute of Public
the Centre for Technology and Policy Studies of
Health and the Environment (RIVM) and chair of
the Netherlands Organisation for Applied
the Residents and Sustainable Construction
Scientific Research (STB-TNO). From 1990 to
Forum, the Netherlands. She has been a member
1996 she was also professor of Environmental
of the Supervisory Boards of a number of
Science at the University of Amsterdam, followed
organisations, including Shell Netherlands, ASN
by three years as professor of environmental
Bank, the Netherlands and the Development
management at the University of Tilburg, the
Finance Company (FMO), the Netherlands.
Netherlands.
On 22 February 2007 Jacqueline Cramer was
In 1999 she started working as a freelance
appointed Minister of Housing, Spatial Planning
environmental consultant. She was also professor
and the Environment (VROM) in the fourth
of Environmental Management in organisations
government of the Prime Minister Balkenende.
17.50 - 19.00 RECEPTION @ THE FORMER UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 19.00 - 22.00 DINNER @ THE FORMER UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
35
August 26th 08.30 - 09.15 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Wednesday, August 26th
Registration
In 1882, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (then 29 years old) was appointed in Leiden as professor of scientist, but also a thorough research manager. On his initiative, the dusty laboratory on the canal was transformed into one of the most advanced research laboratories in the world. He created a new laboratory-style in which research and education were intertwined. Kamerlingh Onnes was in 1908 the first to succeed in liquifying helium gas on the lowest critical temperature, for which he received the Nobel Prize in 1913.
Registration Towards Knowledge Democracy
experimental physics. He was not only a brilliant
36
August 26th 09.15 - 09.25 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Wednesday, August 26th
Wrap-up of the first conference day
prof. Roeland J. in ‘t Veld, Chair, RMNO, the Netherlands
Roeland in ’t Veld is Chair of the Advisory Council for Research on Spatial Planning, Nature and the Wrap-up of the first conference day | Plenary session
Environment (RMNO). He is professor at the Open University of the Netherlands, professor of Good Governance at the University of the Netherlands Antilles. Furthermore, he is a member of the Supervisory Board of Netherlands Knowledge Country and Commissioner for IBM The Netherlands, HSK Group and President Commissioner of Prorail. Roeland in ’t Veld has editorial responsibility for a wide range of publications, including works on process management and the Handbook on ‘Corporate Governance’. In the past Roeland in ’t Veld has held positions such as Director General for Higher Education and Scientific Research at the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, Secretary of State for Education and Science and Chair of the Supervisory Board of the IB Group. He was also Dean of the Netherlands School for Public Administration (NSOB) and Rector of SIOO, the Interuniversity Centre for Development in the field of Organisation and Change Management.
Roeland in ‘t Veld: “Speaking truth to power is complicated considerably by the tensions between politics, science and media. Does it take three to tango in this problematique?”
37
August 26th 09.25 - 09.45 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
drs. Koos van der Steenhoven, Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OCW), the Netherlands
Wednesday, August 26th
Introduction by the chair of the second conference day
Koos van der Steenhoven became Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Education, Culture political science at the VU University in Amsterdam, he already began his career in education. After two years of teaching civics to pre-university pupils in The Hague, he gave in to the attraction of politics and became personal assistant to several Members of Parliament for the Christian-Democratic Party. In 1981 he became political assistant to Culture and Welfare State Secretary, later Minister, De Boer as well as political assistant to Culture, Welfare and Health Minister Brinkman. In 1985 he became Director for Radio, Television and Press at the then Ministry of Culture, Welfare and Health. In 1987 he became Deputy Permanent Secretary of the same Ministry and he remained at this post till 1992. Before being appointed, in 2003, to his current post as Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, he worked outside of politics and government for a period of 10 years. During this period he was Director for Harbour Innovation at the Municipal Port Company of Rotterdam and Director of the expert centre “Het Expertise Centrum” (HEC) in The Hague.
Introduction by the chair of the second conference day | Plenary session
and Science in 2003. While he was still studying
38
August 26th 09.45 - 10.20 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Transdisciplinary Scholarship | Plenary session
Wednesday, August 26th
Transdisciplinary Scholarship
prof. Chris Peterson, Michigan State University Product Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, USA
Governments, businesses, and societal organisa-
(scholars, practitioners and citizens) with their
tions are faced with a dizzying array of “wicked
willingness to create new knowledge together, and
problems,” characterised by: no definitive problem
(2) transdisciplinary scholarship that brings the
formulation; no true or false solution, but only
best knowledge and methods from all the
better or worse outcomes; stakeholders with
disciplines relevant to the problem, and generates
radically different frames of reference.
new knowledge and methods through the
Sustainability, terrorism, and global warming are
democratic process. Transdisciplinary scholarship
but a few of the most critical and most pressing.
can thus play a critical role in creating new
Knowledge institutions are expected by these
knowledge and transforming it into engaged
other partners to assist in the creation and
action.
application of knowledge to manage these wicked problems. Yet traditional disciplinary scholarship has neither the scope nor active engagement with the world of practice to be effective with such problems. Progress in managing wicked problems demands both having impact on the diverse elements and system components of the problem, and engaging the critical stakeholders deeply involved with the problem (who can block as well as enable action). The co-creation of new knowledge among the stakeholders thus becomes essential to progress. New knowledge (from new paradigms) holds the potential to convert seemingly unyielding tradeoffs into breakthrough innovations where the tradeoffs can become complements. The keys to the process include (1) knowledge democracy—the engagement of the explicit and tacit knowledge of all stakeholders Chris Peterson: “As the knowledge needed to enhance performance moves from explicit to tacit to new, the supply chain governance structure must move from exchange governance to learning governance to transformational governance.”
39
August 26th 10.20 - 10.45 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
dr. David Stanners, Head of International Cooperation at the European Environment Agency, Denmark
Wednesday, August 26th
Evaluating Evidence
David Stanners will introduce a “Framework for Evaluating Complex Scientific Evidence”, developed framework is based upon a simplified list of “criteria” for moving from association to causation. It takes into account the main limitations of the criteria-based approach to evidence evaluation, and uses a simplified “levels of proof “ continuum, based on the IPCC approach to climate change evidence. The framework may help different stakeholders to arrive at some provisional and “negotiated” or “shared truths” regarding complex policy issues.”
10.45 - 11.15 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
Evaluating Evidence | Plenary session
by the European Environment Agency (EEA). The
40
August 26th 11.15 - 13.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Theme 1: Knowledge & Future Research | Parallel session
1.2
Wednesday, August 26th
1.2
Scanning the Horizon
Co-hosted by Study Centre for Technology Trends (STT), the Netherlands Chair ir. Hans van der Veen, Director, Study Centre for Technology Trends (STT), the Netherlands Panel Anders Jacobi, Project Manager, Danish Board of Technology, Denmark
prof. Paul Rademaker, Founder and Chair, Network for Future Research (NTV), the Netherlands
Alun Rhydderch, Project Manager, Foresight Horizon Scanning Centre, Government Office for Science, UK
prof. Wim de Ridder, Chair, Faculty Management of Governance, University of Twente, the Netherlands
drs. Victor van Rij, Senior Advisor, Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OCW), the Netherlands
Horizon Scanning is a method for getting an overview of possible future developments that are relevant for strategic policy-making.For the Horizon Scanning project in the Netherlands, information was gathered about possible future developments in leading domains, a number of essays highlight the views on future developments. The main question is, to what extent does horizon scanning provide useful information for scientists, policy-makers and society at large? What are the experiences with horizon scanning or similar methods in other countries? How is this methodology being linked to future users and to what point are they actually able to use the results in their work? In other words, to which extent is horizon scanning useful for public and private policy makers? Does a horizon scan that is not interactive or deliberative in the process, make sense?
Hans van der Veen: “Knowledge democracy can lead to an open space for discussions between governement and people.”
13.00 - 14.15 LUNCH @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
41
August 26th 11.15 - 13.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Chair prof. Paul Opdam, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands Panel drs. Gerhard Dekker, Head of Research & Statistics Department, City Almere, the Netherlands
drs. Shantala Morlans, Antropologist, College of Agronomy of Clermont Ferrand (Enitac) and Member of Research Unit UMR Métafort, France
dr. Eveline Steingröver, Senior Researcher, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
drs. Lambert Verheijen, Dikereef, Aa and Maas Water Board, the Netherlands
When landscapes, seen as socio-ecological
This symposium explores the role of knowledge in
systems, are the outcome of the interplay
the processes that shape regional landscapes. To
between natural and human processes. Human
attain this goal the following questions will be
interventions alter the physical landscape. These
answered:
interventions are influenced by value perceptions
·· how does scientific knowledge facilitate the
about the ecological, social and economical
collaborative decision process and assist in
returns. Regional projects are also driven and
answering the why, how and where to change
sometimes altered by knowledge of global systems, for example global warming or the financial crisis. The processes that shape regional projects inevitably involve multiple actors and in
questions? ·· what makes knowledge acceptable, credible and relevant to local actors? ·· how does the knowledge structure affect the
democracies they can therefore best be described
course of the collaborative process? For
as collaborative planning and design processes.
example, with respect to water systems, how is
This is sometimes in stark contrast to the abstract
knowledge about the relationship between the
technical knowledge that forms input for these
physical structure of the water system and its
processes.
functioning used in decisions about adapting the water system to climate change ·· how are knowledge of economic, social and environmental systems integrated?
Paul Opdam: “Knowledge democracy describes the principle that generic scientific knowledge is made available to decision makers and stakeholders involved in change processes, and combined with case-specific and local knowledge provided by the actors involved. This results in knowledge creation during which the scientific knowledge gains in credibility, saliency and legitimacy to its users.” 13.00 - 14.15 LUNCH @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
2.2
Co-hosted by Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
Wednesday, August 26th
Creating the Landscape: Scientific Knowledge in Regional Case Studies
Theme 2: State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research | Parallel session
2.2
42
August 26th 11.15 - 13.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 2.3
Theme 2: State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research | Parallel session
2.3
Wednesday, August 26th
Transdisciplinary Research: Its Contribution to Problem Solving and the Consequences for Higher Education
Chair prof. Joske Bunders, Director, Athena Institute, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands and Council Member of the RMNO, the Netherlands Panel dr. ir. Marcel van Gogh, Education Developer and Lecturer, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
mr. Ben Verleg, Top Advisor, City of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
dr. Florian Keil, Senior Scientist and Project Coordinator, Institute for Social-Ecological Research (ISOE), Germany
drs. Barbara Regeer, Assistant Professor, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
dr. Coyan Tromp,Curriculum Developer and Lecturer, Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies of the University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Transdisciplinary research is said to democratise
integration of knowledge and people, the
knowledge production as it tries to (re-)build
formulation of expectations and the establish-
relations between science and society by means
ment of quality criteria. Next a ‘methodology of
of stakeholder involvement. Typically one can
the evidential’ will be presented. Based on the
distinguish two epistemological paths: one to
epistemological starting points of different
gain transformation strategies for the societal
scientific methodologies, a methodology to
problem at hand and the other to cope with the
research, but moreover to support organisational
methodological challenges of integrating different
development is presented.
disciplinary approaches. In this session two
What implications do these development
propositions are for development strategies. A
strategies and new ways of knowledge production
model in which the societal process of production
and problem solving have for higher education?
of knowledge for sustainable development is
How do we train our future leaders? What kind of
described as a transdisciplinary research process
education do we need to provide for students to
will be presented. On this basis a concretisation of
become competent in knowledge integration and
the model is discussed which shows how an
boundary work? How can they learn to contribute
explicit and reflexive understanding of transdisci-
to organisational and societal development for
plinarity can help cope with issues such as the
sustainable development?
Ben Verleg: “We need dialogue and reflection for using knowledge effectively. It just doesn’t make sense to keep your knowledge for yourself. Knowledge democracy is sensemaking in democratic organisations.” 16.00 - 16.15 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
43
August 26th 11.15 - 13.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Mainstreaming Citizen Participation
Co-hosted by the Danish Board of Technology, Denmark Chair dr. Lars Klüver, Director, Danish Board of Technology, Denmark Panel dr. Elie Faroult, Scientific Officer, European Commission, Belgium prof. Robert Hoppe, University of Twente, the Netherlands
dr. Tore Tennøe, Director, Norwegian Board of Technology, Norway
Citizen participation methodology has proven
Why is that? What would we gain from having
itself in terms of its ability to carry different kinds
citizen participation mainstreamed? What risks
of knowledge, values, interests, and policy
would it involve? What would be the restrictions
assessments into decision-making. Although this
on mainstreaming citizen participation – geog-
methodology is free from built-in dilemmas, need
raphy, economy, political will and courage,
for pragmatism and problems to be solved, there
ideological resistance…?
is a general consensus that the bottom line is positive. At the national level numerous citizen
This session embraces three presentations,
consultations have been executed and at the
followed by a triangle talk, an open discussion
trans-national level, an increasing number of
and a wall of points: everybody can make a point
experiments are being carried out. However, it is
or question and put it on the wall – the wall will be
striking that even with a two-decade record of
transcribed and reported in the workshop paper.
relative success, citizen participation based policy advice must be characterised as a discipline of one-off events.
Lars Klüver: “Knowledge democracy is about constructive inclusion of diversity; it must include procedures for participation that go far beyond voting. The methods for a knowledge democracy are in place – it is the intention we need.” 13.00 - 14.15 LUNCH @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
Theme 3: Practical Approaches to Boundary Work | Parallel session
3.2
Wednesday, August 26th
3.2
44
August 26th 11.15 - 13.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Lost in Translation
Cohosted by the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LNV), the Netherlands Chair prof. ir. Klaas van Egmond, Utrecht University, the Netherlands Panel Hans van Brussel, Head of Communications, CBS Statistics, the Netherlands
dr. Janneke Hoekstra, Director Knowledge Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LNV), the Netherlands
Hanns-J. Neubert, President, European Science Journalists Organisation (EUSJA), France
Hans Wansink, Commentator of newspaper De Volkskrant, the Netherlands
Theme 4: Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow | Parallel session
4.3
Wednesday, August 26th
4.3
How are politics, business and media dealing with all the different knowledge flows? This session focuses on the interpretation of policy-relevant knowledge by the media. Who has the lead? Who controls selection and when does selection become manipulation? What can go wrong when translating scientific knowledge into articles, quotes, and (sound)bites for the general public, and how does this influence democratic decision making?
Hanns-J. Neubert: “In times of information overflow it is most important that all people are put into the position to gain and acquire knowledge in learning how to handle and integrate informational bits and pieces. However, knowledge is not necessarily a ticket for the ability to contribute to democratic processes, it can even foster authoritarian developments. Knowledge has to exceed its own borders and lead to literacy – an improper translation of the German term “Bildung” – of all people, which effectuates passion, sympathy, tolerance and interest, which are prerequisites of real democracy.” Janneke Hoekstra: “Knowledge democracy: everybody has access to abundant information and adds to it. The media present facts and figures in strong colours. The political and social debate follow.” 13.00 - 14.15 LUNCH @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
45
August 26th 11.15 - 13.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Panel dr. Chris Aalberts, Lecturer, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
dr. Aart Bontekoning, cmc, Organisational Psychologist, MAGMA, the Netherlands
Scott Douglas MPhil, Consultant, Berenschot, the Netherlands and PhD Student at the University of Oxford, UK
prof. Felix Janszen, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
drs. Maurits Kreijveld, Project Manager, Study Centre for Technology Trends (STT), the Netherlands
drs. ir. Nic Moens, Manager and Lead Facilitator, International Institute for Communication and Development, the Netherlands
The Internet undoubtedly changed the world.
What is the impact of all of these changes for
Never before has it been so easy to obtain, share
science and politics, both knowledge sensitive
and use a vast amount of knowledge. Rapidly
areas? Is it already impossible to secure the use of
producing information overloads and clear
valid and valuable knowledge? How does
knowledge underloads. Furthermore the Internet
networking – by means of the Internet – affect
created the knowledge- and network society in
knowledge sharing? What are the risks for the
which we now live. In this society new rules for
– lack of – quality of knowledge? How does
knowledge apply. The youngest generation
knowledge sharing affect science? Are there
(‘screenagers’) play a big part in this changing
tensions between generations in the way they use
world of knowledge.
knowledge?
Scott Douglas: “Knowledge democracy can easily deteriorate into a soap opera transmitting nothing but gossip. It will require effective institutions to put the information to work without stifling the knowledge flow.” 13.00 - 14.15 LUNCH @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
4.4
Chair drs. Marinka Voorhout, Director Academy and Principal Consultant, KBenP, the Netherlands
Wednesday, August 26th
Network Knowledge Society Effects for Science & Politics
Theme 4: Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow | Parallel session
4.4
46
August 26th 11.15 - 13.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 5.3
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy | Parallel session
5.3
Wednesday, August 26th
Production and Use of Knowledge in the Political Realm
Co-hosted by the Institute for Social Innovation (IMI), the Netherlands Chair mr. Guido Enthoven, Director, Institute for Social Innovation, the Netherlands Panel
drs. Paul Kalma, Member of Parliament, House of Representatives, the Netherlands
Hans Licht cmc, Director and Senior Management Consultant, Org-Link and Scholar on the Swedish Parliamentary System, Sweden
prof. Uri Rosenthal, Leiden University and Senator, the Netherlands
drs. Roos Vermeij, Member of Parliament, House of Representatives, the Netherlands
dr. Mei Li Vos, Member of Parliament, House of Representatives, the Netherlands
To what extent is scientific knowledge used in the parliament when it comes to political formation of judgements? Does political decision-making take place on the basis of new scientific insights? Or are they two separate worlds? Do Members of Parliament have the time to consult studies and articles? Do Members of Parliament speak with Scientists and -if so- who takes the initiative? Or do we speak of a distant relation in which Members of Parliament are tempted to fall into the habit of ‘selective shopping’ in scientific reports? In addition, the participants reflect on the similarities and differences between processes of scientific truth finding and political truth finding. What exactly are the differences between researches of the House of Representatives and researches of Academic Project Groups when consulting on the same topic?
Guido Enthoven: “The power of democracy is to learn; to move with more and better ideas slowly but surely towards ‘the best of all possible worlds.”
13.00 - 14.15 LUNCH @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
47
August 26th 11.15 - 13.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Chair dr. David Laws, Senior Lecturer, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands Panel dr. Olivier Barreteau, Senior Water Scientist, Cemagre, France and Scholar in Residence, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
drs. Mike Duijn, Senior Researcher, TNO Built Environment and GeoSciences, the Netherlands
dr. Herman Karl, Co-Director, MIT-USGS Science Impact Collaborative of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
dr. ir. Laurens Klerkx, Assistant Professor, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
Efforts to develop and implement policy in
what it would mean to democratise the boundary
science-intensive arenas regularly bring citizens
between the practices of science and citizenship.
and scientists together in negotiations over controversial questions about action. Familiar
The goal of this session is to reflect on such
moorings in role definitions like expert and
institutional arrangements as designs for relating
laymen or citizen are often destabilised by the
scientists and citizens in negotiations over policy
controversy and basic points of orientation, like
action. The speakers will present institutions as
the definition of a stakeholder. Consultation in
designs and compare how these arrangements
such settings is unlikely to be a straightforward
shape the roles that are available to scientists
process, in which turning to the facts resolves the
and citizens, the way these roles are related to
controversy, but instead a (potentially)
each other and to raise questions about what
generative episode in which the grounding and
action to take, and the opportunities they provide
limits of knowledge claims, the manner in which
to dispute and rework these critical features of
implications for action are drawn, and the
policy practice. The speakers will present case
moral-political significance of features like risk
studies of science-intensive policy practice from
and uncertainty are challenged.
Europe and the U.S. and, in discussion with one another, analyse the dynamics that shape
In the best of circumstances, such contestation
experiments with new designs for relating
has prompted reflection by both scientists and
scientists and citizens as stakeholders in policy
citizens on their respective roles and responsibili-
action and frame an agenda for research into the
ties as stakeholders and provided hints about
interaction between scientific and policy practice.
David Laws: “Asking a question is an action, which can be reflected upon morally and ethically, as well as practically. Knowledge democracy is the terrain where these forms of reflection cannot be kept apart or done without. It generates an imperative for such reflection in the practices through which we take action on the substantive problems, concerns, and aspirations that constitute this terrain.”
5.4
Co-hosted by the University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Wednesday, August 26th
Scientists as Citizens: Citizens as Scientists
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy | Parallel session
5.4
48
August 26th 11.15 - 13.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 5.5
Policy Experimentation, Social Learning, and Political Accountability
Co-hosted by the Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), the Netherlands prof. Anton Hemerijck, Director of the Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), the Netherlands prof. Charles Sabel, Columbia University, USA
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy | Parallel session
5.5
Wednesday, August 26th
It is often conjectured that the political domain
the public of the plausibility and legitimacy of the
hardly meets the ideal conditions for a ‘learner
ideas through argument and persuasion. What
friendly environment’. The collective nature of
could be a preferred line of inquiry is to analyse
politics, short time horizons, institutional density
the inherent connections between “powering” and
of policymaking, power asymmetries, and the
“puzzling” in the policy process, and to critically
complexity and opacity of politics all present
recognize how problem-situations are occasioned
serious problems for government and policy
by the inability of established policy repertoires
learning. Power considerations and group interest
to meet established expectations, under the new
mobilisation, manipulating intelligence and
social, political and economic conditions. This
information in ways that lend them political
minimally shows how policy actors update their
advantage, effectively drive out the dimension
normative and cognitive orientations in the face
“puzzling” in the policy process. In the workshop
of new challenges. In this workshop we touch on
on Policy Experimentation, Social Learning and
two institutional dimension which shape
Political Accountability we take issue with the
processes of policy learning. These concern, on
“blinkered” mainstream view of politics of
the one hand, dilemmas of (horizontal) policy
information and ideas as merely resources to
experimentation in the shadow of (vertical)
bolster standing power and interest positions.
political accountability. Can we think of
Elections are the mechanisms that enforce that
‘framework’ political rules for enabling effective
responsiveness. Democratic leaders have a strong
policy experimentation? The second dimension
motive to solve societal problems before they
concerns the wider institutional conditions for
fester and grow. As politics embodies strife over
fostering policy learning, such as societal changes
ideas and best courses of action, some form of
in prevailing normative and cognitive orienta-
evaluation or learning is always present.
tions. Examples are taken from the recent
Moreover, policy actors engaged in profound
experience of US and EU welfare policy and social
reform have to convince other political actors and
services.
13.00 - 14.15 LUNCH @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
49
August 26th 14.15 - 16.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Chair prof. ir. Rudy Rabbinge, Advisor to the Executive Board, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands Panel prof. Marjolein van Asselt, Maastricht University and Council Member at the Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), the Netherlands
dr. ir Hedi Poot, Senior Advisor, Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (VenW), the Netherlands
dr. Jenny Andersson, Associate Professor, Institute for Futures Studies, Sweden
(Re)new(ed) insight in the future is apparent from the increase in future studies. This trend raises questions about the significance of future studies for robust government policy. How are foresight endeavours useful for policy, and how are the dilemmas surrounding the use of these studies addressed in practice? Learn about the experiences within countries and the perspectives of the people involved in policy-oriented foresight practices.
Rudy Rabbinge: “Knowledge democracy means better access and understanding of knowledge in different fields without full background innformation. Every interested lay man should be in a position to participate in discussions on dilemma ‘s and ethical choices.” 16.00 - 16.15 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
1.3
Co-hosted by the Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), the Netherlands
Wednesday, August 26th
The Future in Policy-making
Theme 1: Knowledge & Future Research | Parallel session
1.3
50
August 26th 14.15 - 16.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 2.4
Theme 2: State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research | Parallel session
2.4
Wednesday, August 26th
Stimulating Informed Debate on Sustainable Development
Co-hosted by the network of European Environment and Sustainable Development Advisory Councils (EEAC), Belgium Chair prof. Frans Berkhout, Director of the Institute for Environmental Sciences, VU University Amsterdam and Council Member of the RMNO, the Netherlands Panel dr. Günther Bachmann, Secretary General, German Council for Suistainable Development (RNE), Germany and Former Chair of the EEAC Working Group Sustainable Development, Belgium
dr. Ingeborg Niestroy, Secretary General of the EEAC Network, Belgium and Author of ‘Sustaining Sustainability’, Belgium
ir. Annemieke Nijhof MBA, Director General Water, Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (VenW) and Former Advisor to the Prime Minister, the Netherlands
prof. Tim O’Riordan, Emeritus Professor, University of East Anglia, UK and Chair of the EEAC Working Group Sustainable Development, Belgium
Sustainable development (SD) can be seen as a
In this session, experiences with stimulating
societal learning process. In this process,
informed debate on sustainable development will
Sustainable Development Councils help to frame
be shared and the challenges of creating more
topics from an sustainability perspective, while
and better involvement of civil society, business
being at the same time “down to earth” and
and citizens will be discussed.
“telling”. Sustainable Development Councils may play an important role in awareness-raising and in stimulating informed policy and societal debate. They help governments to articulate sustainable development into society and back into government. About half of the EU member states have established national Sustainable Development Councils.
Frans Berkhout: “Knowledge confers power and the capacity to act. Knowledge, openly and widely available and known, is therefore a prerequisite for a strong democracy. But the more we know, the more we realise we do not know. Some of the greatest challenges in contemporary global societies relate to the need for democracies to deal with uncertainty, risk and ignorance. For me, a knowledge democracy therefore has at least two elements: open access of knowledges to capable citizens; and good institutions for making explicit and handling risk and uncertainty.” 16.00 - 16.15 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
51
August 26th 16.15 - 18.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Chair prof. Josee van Eijndhoven, Erasmus University Rotterdam and Member of the
Academy of Technology and Innovation (AcTI), the Netherlands
Panel John Barzilay BAppSc BSc, Director, Innovation Management & Research Consulting (IMRCons) and Former Research Guidance Manager at Unilever R&D, the Netherlands
ir. Jeroen Borderwijk, Council Member, RMNO and Former Senior Vice President of Unilever, the Netherlands
dr. Daniel Lang, Senior Scientist, Institute for Environmental Decisions (IED), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich), Switzerland
prof. Miranda Schreurs, Director, Environmental Policy Research Centre, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
Social learning may be an important product of
1. the perspective of industry seeking to
transdisciplinary research. Transdisciplinary
cooperate with research institutions to support
research is being conducted in the expectation
a transition to more sustainable products and
that it can help to bring about solutions for societal problems. But the experience of
production processes 2. the perspective of a knowledge institute
transdisciplinary research can also help to learn
adressing the specifics of the role of science in
about ways in which various societal actors can
informing the governance of sustainability
cooperate effectively. The relationship of researchers and other actors is an important issue to discuss in order to enhance learning how
decisions 3. from the perspective of the possible role of the consumer.
to deal with differing goals and perspectives in a knowledge society.
Additionally, a presentation will be given of a new cross-cutting program on Knowledge, Learning
In this session the relationship between
and Societal Change (KLSC) that is being
transdisciplinary research and social learning will
developed under the aegis of the International
be addressed with a view on learning for
Human Dimensions Program of Global
sustainable development. The issue will be
Environmental Change of the UN.
addressed from three perspectives:
Josee van Eijndhoven: “In the 21st century knowledge is no longer the exclusive domain of experts and other elites. Knowledge of all people should be brought into deliberations on the way forward to a more sustainable world.” 16.00 - 16.15 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
2.5
Co-hosted by the Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Wednesday, August 26th
Transdisciplinary Research as Social Learning
Theme 2: State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research | Parallel session
2.5
52
August 26th 14.15 - 16.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Theme 3: Practical Approaches to Boundary Work | Parallel session
3.3
Wednesday, August 26th
3.3
Collaborative Knowledge Production
Chair prof. Jurian Edelenbos, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands and drs. Nienke van Schie, PhD Student, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands Panel prof. Chris Caswill, University of Exeter and University of Oxford, UK
drs. Mike Duijn, Senior Researcher, TNO Built Environment and GeoSciences, the Netherlands
dr. ir. Erik van Slobbe, Senior Consultant Water Management , Arcadis and Lecturer at Wageningen University Research Centre, the Netherlands
drs. Wouter Stolwijk, Director, PIANOo, the Netherlands
drs. ir. Kees Tazelaar, Manager, PIANOo-desk, the Netherlands
dr. Anna Wesselink, Marie Curie Research Fellow, University of Leeds, UK
dr. Alison Ziller, Director, Australia Street Company and Chair of the Social Planning Chapter, Planning Institute, Australia
Policy-making is a process of social construction, in which the worlds of experts, bureaucrats and stakeholders are combined and interconnected. These different parties provide different sources of knowledge that need adjustment and interconnection. The way in which this connection is organised explains the legitimacy of the knowledge used in making policy-decisions. The proper organisation of this connection in which both the value of expert knowledge, as well as the legitimacy of stakeholder knowledge is recognised, is stressed in for example literature on joint fact-finding, participatory policy analysis, collaborative dialogues, collaborative analysis, interactive social science, interactive knowledge, cogeneration of knowledge, and civic science.
Jurian Edelenbos: “In a knowledge democracy everyone, i.e. professional, scientific expert, and citizen, has an equal opportunity to express his or her thoughts, emotions and rationalities in complex policy processes. Accepted, feasible and legitimate knowledge is produced only in interaction among professionals, experts, and citizens.” 16.00 - 16.15 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
53
August 26th 14.15 - 16.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Chair prof. Peter van Hoesel, Erasmus University Rotterdam and Director of Panteia, the Netherlands Panel drs. Hans Donkers, Director, Stratus Market Research, the Netherlands
dr. Joris Meijaard, Senior Manager and Manager of the Board, EIM Business & Policy Research, the Netherlands
drs. Frans Pleijster, Account Manager, EIM Business & Policy Research, the Netherlands
dr. Pieter van Teeffelen, Account Manager Research for Policy, Panteia, the Netherlands
Policy makers gradually begin to discover the
methods like a survey, a statistical analysis or
merits of interactive policy making for bridging
expert interviews will not be sufficient. Policy
the gap between government and citizens.
researchers already have developed a lot of new
However, interactive policy making is far from
research strategies that starts to influence the
easy, certainly when policy makers sincerely try
minds of policy makers.
to involve citizens and entrepreneurs in the policy process. Policy research can help policy makers
Meanwhile policy researchers are also busy with
with research designs that enable fertile
the development of new methods for data
interactions with citizens and entrepreneurs.
gathering, yielding research results with a higher validity level together with a higher impact level,
What are adequate research designs for the
which of course supports the quality of interactive
analysis of a policy problem in cooperation with
policy making.
(representatives from) target groups, for an ex ante evaluation of policy proposals with all
In this session we will give four examples of the
involved parties, or for the preparation of the
application of research methods aimed at
implementation of a policy measure with the
interactive policy making and/or the gathering of
involved public servants? In many cases classic
high quality data.
Peter van Hoesel: “High level policy research will bridge the gap between citizens and the government by showing ways to effective as well as attractive public policies.”
16.00 - 16.15 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
3.4
Co-hosted by Panteia, the Netherlands
Wednesday, August 26th
A New Methodology for Policy Research?
Theme 3: Practical Approaches to Boundary Work | Parallel session
3.4
54
August 26th 14.15 - 16.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Theme 4: Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow | Parallel session
4.5
Wednesday, August 26th
4.5
Science Based Reports, Media and the Political Hype
Co-hosted by the Rathenau Institute, the Netherlands Chair mr. drs. Jan Staman, Director, Rathenau Institute, the Netherlands Panel drs. Johan van de Berg RC, Head of the Parliamentary Bureau for Research and Public Expenditure, the Netherlands
dr. Miguel Goede, Associate Professor, University of the Netherlands Antilles
dr. Cisca Joldersma, Member of Parliament, House of Representatives, the Netherlands
dr. Lars Klüver, Director, Danish Board of Technology, Denmark
drs. Martin Sommer, Politics Editor, newspaper De Volkskrant, the Netherlands
Numerous scientific institutions send policy-
are that the topic is enjoying excessive attention
related scientific reports to the government and
from the media, that self-reinforcing mechanisms
parliament. They are sometimes considered as
have been set in motion by them, that the debate
belonging to the category of “regulatory
is unreasonable and that the result has been
sciences”. Many reports go relatively unnoticed,
‘manipulated’. This claim is often made - usually
but some, on the other hand, have a big influence
by parties in the ongoing debate - and frequently
on the political agenda and on policy. The
researchers get involved. But do we find support
reputation of the institution and the media often
for this reproach even after the debate has died
play a large role here, although this is not always
down? Don’t the media ensure that the rules of
the case. Sometimes these scientific reports are
the game still apply? Don’t we need the media to
used by parties with a view to a specific political
get the interests behind the issue out into the
interest. Other parties ignore the report in
open? Aren’t democratic decision-making
question because of other interests or put forward
processes, by definition, accompanied by
facts and circumstances that refute or down play
emotions, excitement, fighting and compromise
the conclusions and recommendations of the
and doesn’t the aspect of exaggeration therefore
report. It is seldom - if ever - because of their
cling to every decision-making process in the
scientific nature that reports come as a Deus ex
political domain? Has scientific reason allocated a
Machina, and certainly not in an area that is -in
place in the democratic decision-making process
any case- politically controversial.
for the right reasons? And if so, how do we view the increasing demand for evidence-based policy?
The media play an important mediating role in spotting a report and in its scientific, social and political assessment and positioning. It is the
Jan Staman: “Knowledge production is
media that stimulate discussion of the report. In
urgently in need of inspiring metaphores.
this case the media is blamed for provoking a
Without that it will be transformed into
political hype and researchers are not seldom
knowledge industry, far away from the knowledge
accused of cooperating knowingly. The objections
democracy.”
16.00 - 16.15 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
55
August 26th 14.15 - 16.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Citizens in Charge (1) – Participation in Inspection and Monitoring: Introduction and Experiences in the Netherlands
Co-hosted by VIDE, the Association for Monitoring, Assessment and Inspecting, the Netherlands prof. Valerie Frissen, Erasmus University Rotterdam and Senior Strategist at TNO Information and
The Internet has created possibilities for citizens and civil society organisations to contribute to government activities concerning evaluation, monitoring, inspecting and maintaining government policies and regulation. Valerie Frissen will introduce the issue by presenting examples of initiatives by citizens and by public authorities, pointing at some important challenges. Panel speakers will present examples like aviation (real time noise measurement by citizens), the Amber Alert procedure for finding missing children, and a website on which parents and pupils can evaluate teachers.
Valerie Frissen: “Knowledge democracy to me is knowledge that increases the transparency of the democratic state; equal acces to knowledge; knowledge that increases our understanding of others and makes us enjoy living together.”
16.00 - 16.15 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
Theme 4: Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow | Parallel session
4.6
Communication Technology, the Netherlands
Wednesday, August 26th
4.6
56
August 26th 14.15 - 16.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy | Parallel session
5.6
Wednesday, August 26th
5.6
Inconvenient Knowledge and Policy-making
Co-hosted by Leiden University, the Netherlands Chair prof. Henk Dekker, Leiden University, the Netherlands Panel dr. Henk Tromp, Staff Member at the Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, the Netherlands
prof. Michiel de Vries, Chair of the Public Administration Department, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands
dr. Ellen Wayenberg, Assistant Professor, Ghent University, Belgium
Scientists who prepare knowledge for policy are sometimes influenced or even threatened to ‘adjust’ their conclusions if they are not in line with what policy makers expect. This is relatively common practice in a range of disciplines, from environmental science to history. How serious is this phenomenon? During this session we will address questions such as: What is at stake for scientists to follow the ‘guidelines’ of policy makers? Will a knowledge democracy deal differently with independent knowledge? What is the rationality of policymakers when using knowledge and what makes them want to influence knowledge producers?
Michiel de Vries: “As long as much disinformation - based primarily on strategic positions of the researcher and the vested interests of the commissioner of that research - is distributed under the guise of knowledge and hardly anyone debunks that disinformation, the ideal of a knowledge society remains a fairy tale.” 16.00 - 16.15 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
57
August 26th 14.15 - 16.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Organising Politics in a Knowledge Democracy – Reinventing Political Parties
Co-hosted by the Council for Public Administration (Rob), the Netherlands Chair dr. Krijn van Beek, Advisor, Council for Societal Development (RMO) and Founding Director of the Think Tank 2100, the Netherlands Panel prof. Ron Meyer, University of Tilburg, the Netherlands drs. Monica Sie Dhian Ho, General Director, Wiardi Beckman Foundation, the Netherlands
prof. ir. Jaap van Till, HAN University of Applied Sciences, the Netherlands
In most (Western) countries, the gap between politicians and the public seems to be widening, and there are no signs that this trend will end. Political parties fulfil important roles when it comes down to agenda setting and programming and carry a clear responsibility towards implementing solutions for societal problems. How can political parties reinvent themselves (in time) and what strategic course should be set? Strict adherence to their original principles and character can imply the risk of further loss. Too much adaptiveness to social developments however, can lead to irrelevance.
Ron Meyer: “Information + structure = knowledge. Knowledge + judgment = wisdom. Living in the information age offers the electorate the opportunity for more knowledgeable choices. But without structure we might drown in a sea of information and without judgment make morally disputable choices, all while thinking we are blessed by mountains of data.” 16.00 - 16.15 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy | Parallel session
5.7
Wednesday, August 26th
5.7
58
August 26th 14.15 - 15.45 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Wednesday, August 26th
Open Sessions Part 1
14.15 - 14.30
An Introduction to the “Meaning of Knowledge” Open Sessions Part 1 | Parallel session
by ir. Arnold Fellendans, Networker at the Network for Future Research (NTV) and Network for Sustainable Higher Education (DHO), the Netherlands
14.30 - 14.45
Knowledge, Power & Identity: Struggles Over Unstructured Laptop Use in American University Classrooms by dr. Jill Harrison, Post-doctoral Fellow at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA
14.45 - 15.00
An Inter- and Transdisciplinary Analysis of the Climate Discussion of Transport by dr. Petri Tapio, Senior Researcher at the Turku School of Economics, Finland
Wednesday, August 26th
59
15.00 - 15.15
Democratic Decision-making and Innovative Knowledge: Two Cases Institute for Public Administration, the Netherlands and drs. Laura Sprengers ma, Advisor, ROI Institute for Public Administration, the Netherlands
15.15 - 15.30
Boundary Spanning in Hybrid Dutch Organisations by Philip Marcel Karré MPhil, Senior Researcher and Lecturer at the Netherlands School for Public Administration (NSOB), the Netherlands
15.30 - 15.45
The Knowledge Broker, Matching Supply and Demand of Expert Knowledge by drs. Michel Leenders, Head of Spatial Development and Management at the City of Gouda, the Netherlands
Open Sessions Part 1 | Parallel session
by drs. Paul Jansen Schoonhoven, Senior Training Manager and Consultant at the ROI/HEC
60
August 26th 16.15 - 18.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 1.4
Theme 1: Knowledge & Future Research | Parallel session
1.4
Wednesday, August 26th
Future Research and Strategic Policy making: How do the Two Relate?
Co-hosted by the Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM), the Netherlands Chair prof. Maarten Hajer, Director, Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL), the Netherlands Panel dr. Martijn van der Steen, Associate Dean and Deputy Director, School for Public Management (NSOB), the Netherlands
dr. Esther Turnhout, Lecturer, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
prof. mr. Stavros Zouridis, Director Strategy, Ministry of Justice, the Netherlands
Strategic policy deals with the future, with the
This panel will deal with three related questions.
question of what kind of future we desire and how
1. How (if at all) is future research used in
we can best anticipate future developments to steer in the direction of this desired future. Future
strategic policy processes? 2. What are the prospects for the future use of
research tries to sketch possible futures (be it
future research in strategic policy processes?
desired or dystopian ones). But the intriguing
3. What are the implications for the current and/
aspect of ‘the future’ is that it does not actually
or future relation between future research and
exist. Future research therefore has particular
strategic policy for the notion of knowledge
challenges regarding notions of empirics and
democracy?
objectivity. Necessarily, future research, as does strategic policy, has to engage with idealisations and abstractions as well as with societal norms and values. So there are a lot of similarities between the two activities and in principle, future research seems to be the right tool to develop strategic policies and to inform those responsible for these policies. The question is how the two relate in practice.
Maarten Hajer: “The real challenge for knowledge democracy is to develop new ways to involve scientific ‘facts’ in democratic deliberation. How can science–policy communication be enhanced by stakeholder participation? First of all, we must not consider ‘fact-regardingness’ as the opposite of stakeholder participation but find a way to marry the two.” 18.15 SPEECH BY DRS. HENRI LENFERINK, MAYOR CITY OF LEIDEN @ FORMER LIBRARY BUILDING
61
August 26th 16.15 - 18.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Sustainable Value Development through New Knowledge Creation
Co-hosted by TransForum, the Netherlands Chair ir. Jeroen Bordewijk, Board Member, TransForum, Council Member of the RMNO and former Senior Vice President of Unilever, the Netherlands Panel dr. Henk van Latesteijn, General Manager, TransForum, the Netherlands prof. Chris Peterson, Michigan State University Product Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, USA
Given that sustainability has no definitive
TransForum is an innovation programme
formulation yet, it is hard to imagine how existing
designed to assist Dutch agriculture toward
knowledge, either explicit or tacit, can be properly
sustainability. Its method is based on co-creation
used to obtain sustainability. It would seem that
of new knowledge. In this session, both the
only new knowledge, which is co-created by
organisation of knowledge and practical
stakeholders, may result in a responsive and
experiences of sustainable value development will
efficient set of products and services. Such new
be central topics in an Open Space work session
knowledge arises from cooperation between
with the aim to show participants how this
scientists, entrepreneurs, government and
democratisation of knowledge works.
societal organisations. The co-creation of knowledge is a prerequisite for innovation and may thus lead to sustainable development.
Jeroen Bordewijk: “The knowledge and experience of everyone needs to be shared and used to solve the many complex problems and create innovative solutions in an every day more complex world.” 18.15 SPEECH BY DRS. HENRI LENFERINK, MAYOR CITY OF LEIDEN @ FORMER LIBRARY BUILDING
Theme 2: State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research | Parallel session
2.6
Wednesday, August 26th
2.6
62
August 26th 16.15 - 18.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 2.7
Theme 2: State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research | Parallel session
2.7
Wednesday, August 26th
The Transition Approach and the Resilience Approach: What can we Learn?
Co-hosted by the Erasmus University Rotterdam and the Resilience Centre of the University of Stockholm, Sweden Chair prof. Josee van Eijndhoven, Chair Sustainable Management, Research Institute for Transitions (DRIFT), Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands Panel dr. Rutger van de Brugge, Scientific Researcher, Research Institute for Transitions (Drift), Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
dr. Per Olsson, Research Team Leader, Adaptive Governance, Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden
dr. Henrik Österblom, Researcher and Science-Policy Coordinator at Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden
dr. Derk Loorbach, Senior Researcher, Research Institute for Transitions (DRIFT), Erasmus University Rotterdam , the Netherlands
The objective of this panel is to derive key-
The first presentation discusses how Adaptive
insights with regards to continuous learning in
Management and Transition Management are
management processes as a way to deal with
based on different conceptualizations of how
uncertainty and change.
complex adaptive systems behave. Then we will
In this panel session we attempt to find the
discuss two different cases in which Adaptive
common ground between Adaptive Management
Management and Transition Management are
and Transition Management. Both stress the
applied in practice to elucidate the commonalities
limits of our knowledge and understanding of
and differences.The third and fourth presenta-
complex adaptive systems and therefore
tions are about Adaptive Management in practice.
emphasise the importance of continuous
In the discussion afterwards, we will attempt to
processes of learning and adjusting.
synthesise learned lessons and the consequences for management and learning.
Derk Loorbach: ‘True democracy would be to use the collective knowledge of people to shape, direct and change societies. Given that our current democracy was designed in a totally different era, we are now in serious need of new mechanisms and institutions that facilitate open exchange of knowledge, creation of new knowledge and ideas and the translation of new insights into institutional change. This should be a key focus in sustainability research: how to create mechanisms through which in principle all those interested and engaged can co-create new insights and ideas to reshape society towards sustainability.’ 18.15 SPEECH BY DRS. HENRI LENFERINK, MAYOR CITY OF LEIDEN @ FORMER LIBRARY BUILDING
63
August 26th 16.15 - 18.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Panel dr. Daniel Barben, Associate Research Professor, Arizona State University, USA
Prof. Stefan Kuhlmann, Chair, Department of Science, Technology and Policy Studies, University of Twente, the Netherlands
mr. drs. Jan Staman, Director, Rathenau Institute, the Netherlands
prof. Steven Yearley, Director, ESRC Genomics Forum, University of Edinburgh, UK
The assessment of the societal aspects of new
We wish to ask from the point of view of the heads
and emerging technoscience is increasingly
of boundary institutions: How do both established
organised in large-scale institutions, be it
and new institutions bring together their ambition
programmatic networks or centers, focusing for
to add to the production of new knowledge? What
example on nanotechnology, biotechnology,
might be called the ‘democratisation of technology’
genomics, ICT and the convergence between these
in this context? What sorts of knowledge,
technologies. Many of these institutions, one
interaction, and infrastructure are necessary?
could say, work at the cutting edges of ‘collabora-
This session brings together directors of a number
tive knowledge production’ and of ‘fostering
of both new and well-established institutions to
democratic participation’. Aim of both new and
discuss the way in which they shape and define
established institutions is to foster “democratic”
the triangulation between knowledge and
“participation”, “societal interaction”, up to “social
democratic practices. The session will explore the
responsibility”, and to add to the production of
often tacit conceptions of knowledge and
knowledge concerning the evaluation and
democracy and the way these shape science
assessment of new technoscience. To various
governance. It asks how the systematic triangula-
extents, the work of such institutions is shaped
tion of knowledge production and democratic
through contribution to and collaboration with
impact can be realised. Finally, we will discuss how
both academic actors and actors in the field of
such boundary or convergence work can be
policy and politics.
managed efficiently and successfully.
Peter Stegmaier: “‘Knowledge Democracy’ refers to claims and projects in science governance that are being promoted massively in some countries and forms since a couple of years. It can mean many things to many actors and in various contexts. It is the task of social science not only to participate in such a policy and movement, but to investigate thoroughly which claims have been made and realised so far, how such ideas develop and what has been achieved on the level of everyday practice (and what not).” 18.15 SPEECH BY DRS. HENRI LENFERINK, MAYOR CITY OF LEIDEN @ FORMER LIBRARY BUILDING
3.5
Chair dr. Peter Stegmaier, Assistant Professor, University of Twente, the Netherlands and dr. Annemiek Nelis, Director, Centre of Society and Genomics (CSG), the Netherlands
Wednesday, August 26th
Boundary Institutions in Science Governance – Triangulating Knowledge and Democratic Practice
Theme 3: Practical Approaches to Boundary Work | Parallel session
3.5
64
August 26th 16.15 - 18.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 4.7
Citizens in Charge (2) - Participation in Inspection and Monitoring: International Experiences and Conclusions
Co-hosted by VIDE, the Association for Monitoring, Assessment and Inspecting, the Netherlands Chair dr. Jeroen Kerseboom, Vice Chair, VIDE, the Association for Monitoring, Assessment and Inspecting, the Netherlands
Theme 4: Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow | Parallel session
4.7
Wednesday, August 26th
In the second part of the session different speakers will present examples from international experiences. This session will focus on the role of civil society in inspecting and monitoring. The participants will discuss the opportunities and threats with the speakers of the first and second part of the session.
Jeroen Kerseboom: “If it is true that knowledge equals power, is knowledge democracy a pleonasm? And about who’s democracy are we talking then? People bounded by what borders, if any?” 18.15 SPEECH BY DRS. HENRI LENFERINK, MAYOR CITY OF LEIDEN @ FORMER LIBRARY BUILDING
65
August 26th 16.15 - 18.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Chair drs. Margo Smit MA, Director, Dutch-Flemish Association for Investigative Journalism (VVOJ), Belgium and the Netherlands Panel drs. Brigitte Alfter, Director, European Fund for Investigative Journalism and Journalist, Denmark
Roger Vleugels, Lecturer and Legal Advisor, Freedom of Information (WOB), the Netherlands
While information seems abundant, and cheap
will implement new ‘WOB’ guidelines and terms,
and easy to come by these days, the investigative
with it effectively impairing the people’s access to
journalist plays an ever more important role in
information. In the broader European spectrum,
disseminating knowledge to participating citizens
proposals on the physical state of documents (i.e.
in society. For the information people need to
whether digital or on paper) may exceedingly
base their life’s decisions on, seems to retreat
narrow the number and scope of documents
behind ever thickening walls of bureaucracy,
journalists and citizens can get access to. Both
stalling techniques and outright refusal. The
developments largely go unheeded, by lawmakers,
investigative journalist, with time and resources
politicians, journalists, ngo’s and citizens alike.
at hand, should be ultimately equipped to break through these barriers. But for how much longer?
Recent developments in the field will be presented, views on the direction proposals to change the
In this session, we will discuss the need for clear
‘WOB’ - both in the Netherlands and Europe - the
and easy to use Freedom of Information (FOI)
role of journalists, politicians and lawmakers in
laws, both in the Netherlands and Europe. Where
improving FOI laws and regulations will be
the Dutch word ‘wobbing’ is coined across the
discussed with members of all three parties
continent as the term for filing a FOI request, the
concerned.
Dutch are rapidly losing their position as champions of access to government information. Starting in the fall of 2009, the Dutch government
Roger Vleugels: “Access to information, especially government held information, is essential in a democracy. This access right has, of course, to excist for parliamentarians, but also for the people themselves. This so called extra-parliamentary access right, or controll or reconstruct tool, can be established by a freedom of information act.” 18.15 SPEECH BY DRS. HENRI LENFERINK, MAYOR CITY OF LEIDEN @ FORMER LIBRARY BUILDING
4.8
Co-hosted by the Dutch-Flemish Association for Investigative Journalism (VVOJ), Belgium and the Netherlands
Wednesday, August 26th
Investigative Journalism and the Battle for Access to Information
Theme 4: Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow | Parallel session
4.8
66
August 26th 16.15 - 18.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 5.8
Wednesday, August 26th
Knowledge Democracy or Jericho Democracy? – a Design Workshop
drs. Jan Schrijver, Senior Civil Servant, Ministry of Internal Aff airs and Kingdom Relations (BZK) and Guest Researcher at the University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy | Parallel session
5.8
Ferry Tromp, Former Director of Ferry Tromp Productions, the Netherlands
Elaborating the work of Herman van Gunsteren, it seems fruitful to develop a broader perspective on democracy, including all steps that lead to collective decision-making. These steps are presented as seven necessary circumambulations, like the ritual by Muslim pilgrims around the Ka’aba or the people around the walls of Jericho. No single step (round) can be left aside in democratic decision-making. So it is quite vain to present one of them (e.g. knowledge gathering, polling the people or representation) as the core of democracy. This perspective is at the same time complicating and reassuring. This interactive workshop will help to explore the implications of this vision on Jericho-democracy for practical policymaking and for political science.
Jan Schrijver: “The essence of knowledge democracy is for me: “The insight that in the end Democracy is a matter of learning from each other, the willingness to take part in a complex process of “study and enterprise”, and accepting that not one single actor (or party) can claim to represent the truth, or that many parties represent parts of the truth simultaneously. Epistemologically: democracy = social constructivism.” 18.15 SPEECH BY DRS. HENRI LENFERINK, MAYOR CITY OF LEIDEN @ FORMER LIBRARY BUILDING
67
August 26th 16.15 - 18.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Facing and Bridging the Gap: Organising Knowledge for Policy-making
Co-hosted by the Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM), the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OCW) and the Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), the Netherlands Chair dr. Arnold Jonk, Director of the Knowledge Directorate, the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OCW), the Netherlands (invited)
Wednesday, August 26th
5.9
prof. Wim Hafk amp, Scientific Director, NICIS Institute for Urban Research, the Netherlands
prof. Kurt Aagaard Neilsen, Roskilde University, Denmark
prof. Theo Toonen, Dean of the Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology (TU), the Netherlands
The gap between scientific research and policy,
effective linkages between research and policy?
even if that research is policy-directed, is often
In the Netherlands the review of the advisory
analyzed and described. From both a scientific
system especially in the physical domain and
point of view and from the world of public
the knowledge arenas are interesting
administration solutions are presented to bridge
phenomena. What are the first experiences in
the gap. In recent years this has led to many new initiatives worldwide. In this workshop we present
this field? ·· How do these new institutions act on the existing
promising initiatives from the Netherlands and
arrangements and which tensions arise here?
other countries. We focus mainly on institutional
What is the impact of new public management
innovations, both within the world of public administration and within the world of science. ·· Which institutions (with varying degrees of
within departments? ·· Which forms of brokerage work and which do not work to connect demand and supply of
organisational hardness) are created in order to
knowledge? Is the by national research councils
bridge the gap? For example, in the Netherlands
(e.g. NWO) claimed role of independent, national
in recent years the Top Institute for Evidence
agency going to be successful or not?
Based Education Research, the Knowledge Institute for Mobility, the NICIS and other
In the workshop we will focus on two domains,
public-private partnerships aimed at knowledge
namely the physical and social domain. In both
development have been established. Other
domains, different knowledge institutes are active
examples are departmental knowledge chambers
and various departments. Part of the presentations
and covenants that have been made with
and discussions is how in these two domains
organisations in the knowledge world.
connections between the different knowledge
·· How do existing institutions and figurations of institutions become restructured to ensure
institutes, departments and intermediary implementation organisations are fostered.
18.15 SPEECH BY DRS. HENRI LENFERINK, MAYOR CITY OF LEIDEN @ FORMER LIBRARY BUILDING
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy | Parallel session
5.9
Panel ir. Ben Geurts, Director Strategy and Knowledge, Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM), the Netherlands
68
August 26th 16.15 - 17.15 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Wednesday, August 26th
Open Sessions Part 2
16.15 - 16.30
We’re Only in It for the Knowledge. Does Democracy Pay? Open Sessions Part 2 | Parallel session
by drs. Hans Keune, Political Scientist at the University of Antwerp, Belgium
16.30 - 16.45
People Empower Each Other, Information Technology Helps Only in Facilitating Them by drs. Marga Jacobs, Lecturer at the Avans University of Applied Sciences and President of the Human Environment Foundation (Vereniging Leefmilieu), the Netherlands
16.45 - 17.00
Dissemination and Implementation of Knowledge within the Public Health Sector by dr. Lenneke Vaandrager, Associate Professor at Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
17.00 - 17.15
Globalization and Governance Reforms in India by dr. Vasant Moharir, Retired Academic and Former President of the Foundation for Critical Choices for India, the Netherlands
18.15 SPEECH BY DRS. HENRI LENFERINK, MAYOR CITY OF LEIDEN @ FORMER LIBRARY BUILDING
69
August 276th 08.30 - 09.15 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
old) was appointed in Leiden as professor of experimental physics. He was not only a brilliant scientist, but also a thorough research manager. On his initiative, the dusty laboratory on the canal was transformed into one of the most advanced research laboratories in the world. He created a new laboratory-style in which research and education were intertwined. Kamerlingh Onnes was in 1908 the first to succeed in liquifying helium gas on the lowest critical temperature, for which he received the Nobel Prize in 1913.
Thursday, August 27th
In 1882, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (then 29 years
Registration Towards Knowledge Democracy
Registration
70
August 27th 09.00 - 11.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 1.5
Thursday, August 27th
Theme 1: Knowledge & Future Research | Parallel session
Towards a Better Governance of Long-term Decision Making
Co-hosted by the Working Group Governance of the Network of European Environment and Sustainable Development Advisory Councils (EEAC), Belgium Chair prof. Roeland J. in ‘t Veld, Chair, RMNO, the Netherlands Panel dr. Louis Meuleman, Secretary General, RMNO, the Netherlands
drs. Koen Moerman, Researcher, Federal Council for Sustainable Development, Belgium
prof. Miranda Schreurs, FU Berlin, Germany
drs. Bart Vink, Project Manager Randstad 2040, Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM), the Netherlands
Whereas developing political visions about the
This session discusses the conclusions of the
future can be attractive for politicians, concrete
EEAC WG Governance paper on the governance of
political decision making about the long term
long-term decision making within the perspective
seems to be less popular. The results of such
of the emerging knowledge democracy.
decisions are usually harvested by future politicians but the investments (capacity, money) lie in the present. This is only one of many reasons why long-term decisions tend to be postponed or cancelled, even if there is considerable evidence that taking measures now prevents
1.5
enormous costs in the future.
Louis Meuleman: “Knowledge democracy is about taking the responsibility to develop and maintain productive relationships between science, politics and the media, which reflect the challenges of our time.” 11.00 - 11.20 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
71
August 27th 09.00 - 11.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Co-hosted by the VU University Amsterdam, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Competence Centre for Transitions and TransForum, the Netherlands Chair dr.Huib Silvis, Head of the Public Issues Division, Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI), Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands Panel ir. Jose Andringa, Senior Programme Advisor, Competence Centre Transitions (CCT), the Netherlands
drs. Jolanda van den Berg, Senior Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI), Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
drs. Sander Mager, Vice President, TransForum, the Netherlands
prof. Chris Peterson, Michigan State University Product Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, USA
drs. Barbara Regeer, Assistant Professor, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
prof. Roland Scholz, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich), Switzerland
dr. ir. Barbara Sterk, Postdoc Researcher, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands
Diverse types of complex problems we face today
Can we relate the modes of operation in
are increasingly addressed in collaborations
transdisciplinary research to specific assump-
between scientists, policy-makers, citizens,
tions, competences, personality, attitude and
consumers and entrepreneurs, collaborations in
knowledge of involved actors? What are the
which knowledge and solutions are co-produced.
specific qualities required for managing or guiding
For the actors involved, participating in these
these processes? What action perspectives can
types of collaborative research approaches can be
we define for coping with differences between
exciting and meaningful, but also challenging. The
institutional settings and the collaborative
modes of operations in transdisciplinary research
practice?
projects often differ significantly from the modes
Theme 2: State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research | Parallel session
Roles, Competence and Action Perspectives of Actors in Transdisciplinary Research
Thursday, August 27th
2.8
of operation in other institutional/homogenous 2.8
settings. Huib Silvis: “Policy decisions are often guided by the protection of special interests. Knowledge democracy is the ambition to have decisions based on empirical and normative science for the good of the people.” 11.00 - 11.20 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
72
August 27th 09.00 - 11.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 2.9
2.9
Thursday, August 27th
Theme 2: State of the Art in Transdisciplinary Research | Parallel session
Research and Knowledge Transfer in Water Management
Co-hosted by the Research Programme Living with Water, the Netherlands Chair ir. Bert Satijn, Director, Research Programme Living with Water, the Netherlands Panel drs. Tijs J. van Maasakkers, PhD Candidate, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
drs. ing. Beke Romp, Junior Researcher, Delft University of Technology (TU), the Netherlands
dr. Erik Rongen, Client IT Architect for Public sector, IBM Netherlands - Global Water Management Centre of Excellence, the Netherlands
prof. ing. Geert R. Teisman, Erasmus University Rotterdam and Council Member of the RMNO, the Netherlands
During the last years the resilience of the water
responsibility of the water managers: powerful
system has been degradating step by step, by all
cooperation with spatial planners, the municipali-
of our infrastructure, building estates and land
ties and other regional authorities, the other land
use. This is not only the case in western countries
users and the water authorities is needed.
but also in Africa and Asia. The deltas have
These developments require a shift towards a
become vulnerable for too much, too little and too
pro-active long term approach, in order to cope
dirty water, affecting life considerably and
with the long term challenges that accompany
creating unacceptable risks and casualties.
the creation of sustainable deltas. Cooperation
Climate change, in fact climate roughness, will
with other domains is necessary for the transition
increase these problems. We are facing many
from water management to spatial choreography.
uncertainties, not only related to climate change
Applied research in these fields has been
but also from the global economy, energy, food
conducted and the first pilots have proven to be
production and especially changing socio-demo-
successful. But to achieve the goals, the research
graphic conditions. Climate adaptation will
has to be accompanied by knowledge dissemina-
mainly focus on restoration of resilience of the
tion. This not only a question of communication,
earth’s system, including the water and soil
(scientific) publications, training the professionals
system. This requires a strong symbiosis between
in workshops and master classes: in this field
spatial planning and water management in the
70% can be characterized as tacit knowledge,
deltas. Reconstruction and renewal of built areas
requiring new approaches of knowledge transfer.
(a permanent process in western world, in urban
The workshop will address the challenges of
as well as in industrialised areas) provides
knowledge transfer in this transition process from
opportunities to implement these step by step
water management towards spatial
investments in resilience. This is not only the
choreography.
Beke Romp: “There is a need for a new nexus. Democratisation of knowledge brings new actors into the nexus between policymakers and technical experts. As a result policymakers become knowledge jugglers.” 11.00 - 11.20 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
73
August 27th 09.00 - 11.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Chair prof. Robert Hoppe, University of Twente, the Netherlands Panel drs. Sarah Cummings, Communications Coordinator, IKM Emergent, the Netherlands
dr. Iina Hellsten, Assistant Professor, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Martin Schulz, Advisor, Berenschot Consultancy, the Netherlands
prof. Dirk J. Wolfson, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Unilinearity in the transfer of knowledge from
problems (Halffman & Hoppe, 2005).The
science to policy is empirically discredited. Of
‘ideal-type’ boundary organisation may be
course, this does not mean a complete blurring of
characterised by properties like (Guston, Clark,
the boundaries.
Miller, Halffman): ·· Double participation
Rather, the science-policy interface may be
·· Dual accountability
conceptualised as boundary work. It is, like a living
·· Creation and maintenance of a suitable set of
keeping distance by demarcation of your own domain (expert advice respectively policy work), and staying close enough to coordinate your activities. Boundary work occurs in a vast array of types of boundary arrangements.
(textual) boundary objects ·· Production of salient, flexible and legitimate information ·· Co-production of social and cognitive order, using practices of negotiation and confrontation ·· Mediation ·· Meta-governance and capacity building.
In the Netherlands alone this runs from highly institutionalised boundary organisations like the WRR to mission-oriented sectored councils like the RMNO, and research ‘centers of excellence’, all the way to informal hybrid real-time or virtual forums where academics, professionals, business and government officials meet around shared
Dirk Wolfson: “Knowledge Democracy is a blissful state in which people are well-informed about social problems and politicians behave as honest brokers of individual preference. Rela life is different. The present paradigm shift away from laissez-faire creates a window of opportunity to realise democracy.” 11.00 - 11.20 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
Thursday, August 27th
apart together relationship, simultaneously about
Theme 3: Practical Approaches to Boundary Work | Parallel session
Implications for the Science-Policy Interface
3.6
3.6
74
August 27th 09.00 - 11.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 3.7
Theme 3: Practical Approaches to Boundary Work | Parallel session
Practical Approaches to Boundary Work around Transformative Change
Chair dr. René Kemp, Senior Researcher, Maastricht University, the Netherlands Panel drs. Flor Avelino, PhD Researcher, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
drs. Erica ter Haar, PhD Researcher, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
dr. Sibout Nooteboom, Associate Professor, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
dr. Maarten Vrolijk, Researcher, Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR)
According to Hoppe (2002) the worlds of science
approaches to boundary work, with the aim to
and politics meet more often nowadays, giving
reflect on these.
rise to boundary traffic. Boundary work may occur through special organisations such as the RMNO, through formal platforms such as the SER, and on an ad-hoc basis as happened in the preparation of the 4th National Environmental Policy Plan (Kemp and Rotmans, 2009). This session seeks to discuss the issue of boundary work between institutional domains: science and policy, business and NGOs, and NGOs
Thursday, August 27th
and politics. The focus is on boundary work in relation to transformative change. Transformative change represents an interesting issue because usually neither science nor policy is well-equipped to deal with it, so it is important to learn from experiences. Examples of transformative change are preventive health care and demand-based cure, nano-based materials and mobility leasing. In boundary arrangements people learn about
3.7
issues of mutual interest: possible futures and risks, visions and practical knowledge for decision-making. Knowledge is being coproduced by actors involved, who may or may not form a
René Kemp: “Experts can be defined
discourse coalition to challenge regime arrange-
by what they know and what they don’t
ments. The session will bring together practical
know.”
11.00 - 11.20 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
75
August 27th 9.00 – 11.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Communication about Controversial Issues
Chair drs. Pieter Hilhorst, Publicist and Journalist, newspaper De Volkskrant (among others), the Netherlands Panel prof. Tjard de Cock Buning, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
mr. Frans Evers, Vice Chair, Commission on Environmental Assessment Reports (MER) and Council Member of the RMNO, the Netherlands
Max von Olenhusen, Legal Advisor, Novartis European Public Affairs, Belgium
prof. Bastiaan Zoeteman, Chair, Commission on Genetic Modification (COGEM), the Netherlands
Policy makers must prepare responsible action concerning societal problems. When such problems are ‘wicked’, contested, emotional and value-laden, the quality of the production and use of knowledge becomes crucial. There are many examples of such controversial issues, like the use of chemicals, animal testing, genetic modified organisms, animal disease control, and nuclear energy. Sometimes democratic decision making is
Theme 4: Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow | Parallel session
4.9
delayed or even impossible due to societal distrust, and the way in which politicians cope Thursday, August 27th
with this. The media sometimes play an influential role when they advocate one position in the debate, or when they increase the controversy by creating hypes around such issues. In this session several examples will be presented, in order to define lessons and perspectives for
Tjard de Cock Buning: “Knowledge democracy is conditional for a fair world.” 11.00 - 11.20 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
4.9
new action.
76
August 27th 09.00 - 11.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Theme 4: Media, Politics and Knowledge Flow | Parallel session
4.10 From
Response to Responsibility
Chair drs. Willem Schoonen, Chief Editor, newspaper Trouw, the Netherlands Panel Hanns-J. Neubert, President, European Science Journalists Organisation (EUSJA), France
drs. Marnix Norder, Alderman, City of The Hague, the Netherlands
Peter Scheffer, Communications Consultant, City of The Hague and Former Political Campaigner, the Netherlands
Ovais Ahmed Tanweer, Anchor and Producer, Dawn News TV, Pakistan
Both the “old” media and even more the internet-based “new” media are characterised by speed, high velocity in subjects and opinions and an intense variety in supply. This allows little time to reflect on how they work and which choices they make and why. In this session practitioners will explain in which ways they are responsible for the knowledge and information on which citizens and politicians base their opinions, and a politician will react: what should be the responsibility of the media from a politician’s
Thursday, August 27th
perspective?
Hanns-J. Neubert: “In times of information overflow it is most important that all people are
4,10
put into the position to gain and acquire knowledge in learning how to handle and integrate informational bits and pieces. However, knowledge is not necessarily a ticket for the ability to contribute to democratic processes, it can even foster authoritarian developments. Knowledge has to exceed its own borders and lead to literacy – an improper translation of the German term “Bildung” – of all people, which effectuates passion, sympathy, tolerance and interest, which are prerequisites of real democracy.” 11.00 - 11.20 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
77
August 27th 9.00 – 11.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 5.10 Wanted:
Competent Public Officials
Chair drs. Kees Vijlbrief, Deputy Director General, Office for the Senior Civil Service (ABD), Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations, the Netherlands Panel drs. Hugo Brouwer, Director of Energy Transitions, Ministry of Economic Affairs, the Netherlands
David Clements MPA, Vice President, Canadian Health Services Research Foundation, Canada
dr. Henk van Latesteijn, General Manager, TransForum, the Netherlands
prof. Harald Plamper, Teamleader Management of Public Expenditures of the Project Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, German Association for Technical Cooperation (GTZ), Germany
Required competences and capabilities to deal with the tensions between science and politics, the challenges of translation and articulation of strategic knowledge questions seem to be underdeveloped. What skills are especially missing - from the viewpoint of boundary workers and scientists? Do we truly understand which factors are responsible for this deficiency? Do we need tailor-made development programmes, are there already good examples? In this session
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy | Parallel session
Co-hosted by the Offi ce for the Senior Civil Service (ABD), Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations (BZK), the Netherlands
Henk van Latesteijn: “Democratisation of knowledge is not a scientific discourse but a working method. This means we should be willing to get dirty hands.”
11.00 - 11.20 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
5.10
Thursday, August 27th
these questions are addressed.
78
August 27th 09.00 - 11.00 Kamerlingh Onnes Building 5.11 Improvement
of Knowledge Transfer: Co-operation or Competition in the Research Field?
5,11
Thursday, August 27th
Theme 5: Defining Knowledge Democracy | Parallel session
Co-hosted by the Association for Policy Research (VBO), the Netherlands Chair drs. Martin van der Gugten cmc, President, Association for Policy Research (VBO) and Director of DSP-Group BV, the Netherlands Panel prof. Hans Boutellier, Executive Director, Verwey-Jonker Institute, the Netherlands
prof. Peter van Hoesel, Erasmus University Rotterdam and Director of Panteia, the Netherlands
dr. Peter van der Knaap, Performance Audit Director, The Court of Audit, the Netherlands
In this session a short review is presented of the
The session will include presentations on the
unique situation of policy research in the
following subjects:
Netherlands. In comparison with e.g. other EU
·· Highlights of a recent VBO-survey on the use of
member states, a market has emerged for independent research institutes and for entrepreneurship on the field of policy research. In the seventies and eighties the Dutch government has stimulated this growing market by giving
policy research in the Netherlands ·· How do private research-companies successfully compete with the universities and researchers within the government? ·· Differences between academic research and
assignments to those highly specialised research
contract research, examples of co-operation
institutes. Nowadays there is a solid and
between research institutes and universities
professional market for policy research in The
and strengths and weaknesses of the two
Netherlands. In other countries policy research is more or less the exclusive domain of universities
Following the presentations the pros and cons of
and embedded researchers within the governmen-
the Dutch situation will be discussed and it is
tal organizations itself.
questioned whether this situation leads to co-operation or competition between universities and independent research institutes. Does the ongoing system of public tendering in the field of policy research effect this relationship in a positive or negative way? And what are the experiences in other countries on this subject? All contributions from the audience are welcome.
Martin Van der Gugten: “In my opinion notions of Democracy and Knowledge are so strongly connected that one could not survive without the other. In an information-flooded society as we live in, we have be sure that policymaking is based on well-tailored, validated information and applied knowledge. Otherwise our democratic future will be in the hands of populists and manipulators.” 11.00 - 11.20 COFFEE BREAK @ KAMERLINGH ONNES BUILDING
August 27th 11.20 – 12.30
August 27th 11.20 – 12.30
Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Kamerlingh Onnes Building
Planning for action
Preparing Recommendations
In this open space session, the central objective is
Defining challenges and taking next steps towards
to design a framework to disseminate the results
Knowledge Democracy.
of the conference throughout society. Your
In this session the results, of the individual
initiatives are welcome!
contribution from each participant of the conference, will be harvested. The recommendations that will be handed out after lunch will be prepared through discussion and prioritisation by the participants in this
Thursday, August 27th
session.
Plenary Session Planning for Action • Preparing Recommendations | Plenary Session
79
12.30 - 13.00 LUNCH BREAK AND WALK TO ACADEMY BUILDING
80
August 27th 3.30 – 15.30 Academy Building
Presentation of Recommendations
Chair ir. Hans van der Vlist, Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM), the Netherlands
Thursday, August 27th
Presentation of Recommendations | Plenary Session
Panel prof. Paul F. van der Heijden, Rector Magnificus, Leiden University, the Netherlands
prof. Uri Rosenthal, Leiden University and Senator, the Netherlands
drs. Willem Schoonen, Chief Editor, newspaper Trouw, the Netherlands
dr. Herman Tjeenk Willink, Vice President, Council of State, the Netherlands
mrs. Gerdi Verbeet, President, House of Representatives of the States General, the Netherlands
dr. Hans Wijers, Chair of the Board of Management, AkzoNobel, the Netherlands
The accumulated recommendations of the
Filmfestival Rotterdam, Rotterdam Festivals,
participants of the conference will be presented to
Member of Advisory Board TNO Construction and
distinguished leaders in the domains of Politics,
Substrate, Member of Rotterdam Energy and
Science, Media and Industry.
Climate Council. From 2001 until the end of 2006 he was Director-General for Environmental
Hans van der Vlist is the Permanent Secretary of
Protection at the Ministry of Housing, Spatial
the Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the
Planning and the Environment. Other previous
Environment since 26 january 2007. Additional
positions were related to Water Management and
functions he fulfills are President of the
Public Works. Hans van der Vlist studied Road and
Corporation for Local Products in the Nederlands,
Hydraulic Engineering at the Delft University of
Membership of the Boards of: International
Technology (TU), the Netherlands.
Uri Rosenthal: “The direct transference of academic and professional knowledge is merely one of the great array of impulses affecting politicians’ thought processes and actions. For academics and professionals, this is often difficult to understand. They can however find solace in the fact that their knowledge does indirectly influence policy and decision-making processes.” Hans Wijers: “It is time we put our money where our mouth is. Without a significant step-up in investing in the knowledge economy, our country will become yesterday’s news.”
15.30 FINAL REMARKS BY THE CONFERENCE CHAIR, ROELAND J. IN ’T VELD 15.30 HIGH TEA
colofon © 2009, RMNO, Den Haag, Netherland Conference Manager Ana Lidia Aneas Moyano, RMNO Graphic design A10plus, Rotterdam Print Delta Hage, Den Haag
colofon © 2009, RMNO, Den Haag, Netherland Conference Manager Ana Lidia Aneas Moyano, RMNO Graphic design A10plus, Rotterdam Print Delta Hage, Den Haag