Capstone Research Booklet_Arlum Back

Color Influence Experiment of color changes for classroom environment Design research and proposal for a senior capstone project

by Arlum Back http://aback9.tumblr.com

A final deliverable for IDES 431 Design Theory + Capstone Prep - Fall 2012 coordinated by Jason Lempieri and Jonas Milder

Industrial Design Program http://www.id-uarts.org Š 2012 School for Design College of Art, Media, and Design University of the Arts 320 South Broad Street Philadelphia PA 19102 http://uarts.edu

Color Influence

Project Statement

Contents

I have been interested in what and how significant characters from Optical Art can change human behaviors positively.

Project Statement Project Strategy S.W.O.T Analysis

While doing research on my thesis, optical art is perceived fun and interesting. Thus, just small visual illusion can change the mood of space.

1. Primary Research

Color Test

Classroom Problems

Classroom Research Hand Out 2. Secondary Research

Image of the Image

The Image - Composition Illusion 3. Tertiary Research

Color in Optical Art

Bridget Riley

Carlos Cruz Diez

Victor Vasartly

Felice Varini 4. Project Plan and Timeline Appendix Project Partners Glossary Bibliography

Therefore, my final project would be a series of peripheral tools that boost a performance and function of a space. I think it is obvious that optical art can be useful to improve not only the quality of educational environment for college students but also the affordance of various places.

Project Strategy

S.W.O.T Analysis

To Understand interrelation of Color Theory and psychology, and get to know how the interrelation is utilized as design strategies.

My interest as a designer is service design that is activity of planning and organizing people.

My outcome will affect to human thoughts and behaviors using analyzed design strategies from color theory and psychology.

Strengths: Undiscovered Subject Weaknesses: Hard to prove the effect of patterns Opportunities: Good Public Beta Testing, Paint ing Classrooms in Terra Building Threats: Side effect of color and pattern changes in classrooms.

Map of Keywords

Color

Art & Design

Social

Therapy Anamorphic Technique color meanings

Environment

Section One Primary Research 1.

Map of Keywords Color Test Classroom Problems Classroom Research Hand Out

Graffiti

Landscape

Psychology

color communication

Human behavior Murals

Pantone

Yellow Light No Windows

Student Attitude

Primary Red

Light Green Permanent

Cerulean Blue

Classroom Problems These classrooms are physically and psychologically ailing and need a blood transfusion.

Color Test

Empty Gray Wall Since I interested color effects of human behavior, I picked the primary color first, and I tested each color: red, green, and blue.

I created a space which I made out of cardboard and replaced 3 different colors. I sat back in chair and started to read a book.

After 20 minutes, and I stopped reading book and see the color.

Red: Too Bright. It hurt my eyes.

Green: It was bright, but not as red.

Blue: It was the most comfortable color to look at.

Class Atmosphere

difficult? n that the acket? Is it you thought d drabness

What makes getting to your 8:30 class in Terra 1102 so difficult?

Could it be the drab color of the classroom that awaits you?

Terra over is too ologically

y painting ew lighting starting

es on two r each room.

. After we you think ake sitting in

We’re going to test our color choices on two classrooms for starters. Different colors for each room. Here are the colors we’re considering:

Now give us feedback. Tell us which you prefer and why. After we paint the classrooms, we want you to let us know what you think about the result…the ultimate question being: Did it make sitting in your 8:30 class any better?

Section Two Secondary Research

Classroom Research Hand Out Students feedback handout to research what makes them sleepy, and what color they prefer in their classroom.

2. Image of the Image

The Image - Composition Illusion

Image of the Image

The Image - Composition

Line Proximity Similarit

Symmetry Dual Symmetry Pattern

Line Line, or contour, always gives us positive space and always belongs to the figure. Line, and therefore figures, can be produced even when no physical contour exists.

Proximity The definition of proximit is almost childishly simple: objects that are near one another have a tendency to group.

Similarit The definition of similarity is also rudimentary: all similar things have a tendency to group. This grouping principle encompasses areas of similar size, color, value, and texture. Any things that have even a vague similarity tend to group.

Symmetry Symmetry is the guideline.

When we double the image, we preserve symmetry dural symmetry. If the image is multiplied to produce pattern, symmetry is still maintained.

Dural Symmetry Our eyes have a tendency to swing their lines of sight toward each other when looking at objects at close range. This is called “convergence.�

Pattern The use of pattern carries us still further into Op painting by multiplying the objects of perception and causing complex visual relationships.

Op pattern is usually homogeneous and must be repetition of geometric shapes.

Illusion Perspective Reversible Images Influence of Angles

Perspective During the fifteenth century Renaissance artists created the illusion of infinite space by linear perspective.

Since its inception, artists have tried to control this burrowing into space. Many Optical Artists use perspective in its fundamental form, as a way of creating a feeling of

Reversible Images Many explanations and opinions have neen offered as to why these figures reverse. Although there is no security of proof, scientists presently support the theory of satiation. Any geometric figure drawn in three dimensions can be reversible. If we draw an outline figure emphasizing all the structurally important lines, we create an optical

Influence of Anles Extensive experiments by the psychologists Marshall H. Segall, Donald T. Campbell, and Melville J. Herskovits revealed that we tend “to interpret acute and obtuse angles on a two-dimensional surface as representative of rectangular objects in three-dimensional space.

Section Three Tertiary Research 3.

Color in Optical Art Bridget Riley Carlos Cruz Diez Victor Vasartly Felice Varini

Victor Vasarely Boa Mistura

Enda Andrade

Murano, Venezia in Italy

Interactive Graffiti Jean Philippe Lenclos

Moss Graffiti

Reverse Graffiti

Favela Painting

V.Panton

Intervention in urban spaces Carlos Cruz Diez 2010 Royal Liverpool Hospital Installation Bridget Riley 1983 In 1982-3 Bridget Riley was commissioned by the director of the Ballet Rambert to design the sets for a new ballet known as ‘Colour Moves’.

It was an unusual commission as the set designs preceded the composition of the music and the choreography and actually provided the original inspiration for the work. The ballet was first performed at the Edinburgh Festival in 1983 and was successfully toured.

Another departure from her normal studio work involved the production of a series of colourful murals for the Royal Liverpool Hospital in 1983 (shown to the right).

Riley created the interior using blue, white, pink and yellow bands of colour, which were intended to relax the patients. It seems that she was successful in what she set out to achieve; the interior was much admired and caused a significant fall in the level of vandalism and graffiti taking place at the hospital.

“The daily journey through urban spaces changes our personality and makes us into habitual beings who obey rules that nobody questions.

The artist can create ephemeral expressions that, by generating completely new events, transform urban “linearity” and at the same time inject an element of surprise into urban routine. These ephemeral works are a way of producing different readings of urban spaces and of deconsecrating the utilitarian objects of urban furniture.”

Color Becomes A Perception-Altering Substance In These Interactive Rooms Carlos Cruz Diez 2012 Ever wondered what it might be like to live inside a rainbow? As impossible as that may be practically speaking, you could imagine it might be similar to artist Carlos Cruz-Diez’s Chromosaturation installations.

Currently on show at Le Musée en Herbe in Paris until next December 16, and at The Museo Universitario Arte Contemporáneo, Mexico till February 24, 2013, viewers get to bask in the glowing hues of these immersive environments.

Anamorphic Illusions Felice Varini

It’s a series he’s been experimenting with since the 1960s and this latest iteration uses the colors of red, green, and blue to create a reaction in the viewers’ retinas so the ethereal notion of color gets an physicality. The affect is a series of mindaltering chambers that viewers walk through, immersing themselves in these chromatic climates as their perceptions change from room to room.

Felice Varini is a Swiss artist who is known for his geometric Anamorphic Illusions. Anamorphic Illusions are images which only make sense from one view and can only be truely appreciated from a certain vantage point. What look like random fragmented shapes of colour form an interesting piece of art when viewed from the set point. Felice ‘s works are usually found on architectual and urban spaces and can give a modern twist to any scene. His works are formed using a projector-stencil technique.

Notes:

-Paint the Terra Class Room

-Sketch Ideation -Interview with Optical Artist

Notes: -Feedback and Revise -Second Prototype

Section Four Project Plan and Timeline 4. Appendix

Project Partners

Glossary Bibliography

Notes:

Notes:

-Read Color Psychology Books -Trip to Paris, and Visit Pompidou Centre

-Make Prototype -User Test

Project Plan and Timeline

Notes:

Project Partners

Glossary

Anamorphic pertaining to gradual evolution from one type of organism to another.

Pattern A repeated motif or decorative design in regular intervals.

Geometric Characterized by mechanically rendered lines and shapes. Contrasts with organic or biomorphic

Perception Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensations into meaningful experiences. Perception is the result of psychological processes in which meaning, context, judgment, past experience, and memories are invoked.

Illusion An illusion is something that appears to exist or be a particular thing but does not actually exist or is in reality something else.

Optical art Op art, also known as optical art, is a style of visual art that makes use of optical illusions.

Sharon Lefevre

Benjamin Moore

Assistant Professor MA, Columbia University BA, Princeton University

http://wwwbenjaminmoore.com Phone: 1-855-724-6802

Contact Info Office: Terra Building 1201 Tel: 215-717-6563 Fax: 215-717-6467 Email: slefevre@uarts.edu

Pantone A system for matching colors, used in specifying printing inks.

Symmetry Balance through equal distribution of content, as through centering.

Bibliography

Albers, Josef. Interaction of Color Andy “Felice Varini - Anamorphic Illusions” <http://gbcmag.com/2009/11/15/felice-varinianamorphic-illusions/>

Bridget Riley : ausgewählte Gemälde 1961-1999 = selected paintings 1961-1999.

Eiseman, Leatrice.

Pantone guide to communicating with color / by Leatrice Eiseman.

Fehrman, Kenneth. Color : the secret influence / Dr. Kenneth R. Fehrman, Cherie Fehrman.

Holmes, Kevin “The Creators Project” <http://thecreatorsproject.com/blog/colorbecomes-a-perception-altering-substance-in-theseinteractive-rooms> Parola, Rene. Optical art; theory and practice.

Op-art.co.kr “Bridget Riley” <http://www.op-art.co.uk/bridget-riley/> Stone, Terry Lee. Color design workbook : a realworld guide to using color in graphic design / by Terry Lee Stone ; with Sean Adams and Noreen Morioka.