Energy efficiency and the environment by ABB Service UK

Stuart Melling, manager for marine and crane service, ABB Ltd

Top concerns for the marine sector Managing marine efficiency and the environment ÂŠ ABB Inc. February 25, 2013 | Slide 1

Top concerns for the marine sector Managing marine efficiency and the environment 

Challenges facing marine industry: 

Emissions reduction

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Improved fuel use

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Environmental impact of new builds

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Implementing energy saving technology

Challenges facing marine industry Emissions reduction – The facts 

Recognised as cleanest form of transporting goods 



2007 global shipping industry emitted 1,046 million tonnes of CO2 



least damage per tonne of cargo

3.3% of total global emissions

IMO predicts 250% rise in emission levels through sea transport growth

Challenges facing marine industry Emissions reduction – The facts

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Ship exhaust emissions are industry's biggest polluter

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Shipping sector – so far – excluded from international agreements

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Governments now want to include shipping in future agreements

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By 2015 IMO implementing new sulphur emission targets for marine fuel oil

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Energy efficiency can reduce CO2 emissions by 25 to 75% for newbuilds and existing ships

Challenges facing marine industry Improved fuel use – The facts 

Bunker fuel accounts for 50% of total transport costs 

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Running auxiliary engines in port to create on-board power raises fuel costs 

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Directly connected to crude oil prices - can only get more expensive

Creates emissions and negative health and environmental impact

Energy saving directly results in profit 

Take shipping company with 50% fuel costs and profits at 10% of turnover: 

10% decrease in fuel consumption increases profit by 45%

Challenges facing marine industry Improved fuel use – Some solutions 

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Shore-to-ship electric power supply helps eliminate: 

CO2, SOx and NOx emissions

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particle discharge

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noise

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vibration

Ships shut down engines while berthed and plug into onshore power source 

Power load is seamlessly transferred to shore side power supply

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No disruption to on-board services

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Eliminates emissions to the local environment

Challenges facing marine industry Improved fuel use – Some solutions

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ABB offers a complete, seamless and integrated shore-toship power solution

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Safe and reliable power transfer from public electric power grid to ship

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Complies with international standards

Challenges facing marine industry Environmental impact of new builds – The facts 

IMO agreed to adopt mandatory energy efficiency design standards for new ships

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Regulations demand: 

Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships 

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Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) for all ships

Amendments to MARPOL regulations (Jan. 2013): 

Applies to all ships of 400 gross tonnage and above

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Ships built between 2015 and 2019 to be 10% more efficient

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stipulates a specific level of energy efficiency to be attained

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Rising to 20% between 2020 and 2024

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Rising to 30% thereafter

New ships already contracted or under construction may be exempt

Challenges facing marine industry Environmental impact of new builds – The facts

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Some cargo owners are already demanding voluntarily submitted environmental data

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As part of the EEDI and SEEMP, IMO is considering vessels displaying their energy performance through these design and operation indices

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – The facts

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Cost-efficient technology to save energy exists

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Just not being implemented rapidly enough

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Industry faces an energy-efficiency gap

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Energy issues being given low priority

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Reasons for slow uptake are: 

organisational failure

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lack of time

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shortage of competence

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no long-term energy strategy

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – The facts 

Payback for energy-saving technologies – like drives and motors – can be within months



Identify applications that offer small saving from energyefficiency measures 

collectively they add up to significant total saving

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – The facts 

Large energy consumers are: 

seawater cooling pumps

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chilled water pumps

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engine room ventilation fans

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Often over-dimensioned to handle most extreme conditions

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Operate at full capacity even when demand is not high

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Flow control is often mechanical devices like bypass valves and dampers 

highly energy inefficient

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – The facts

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Lowering energy use reduces CO2, SOx and NOx emissions by reducing load on diesel generators

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Single average size seawater cooling pump can save $29,000 and 117 tons of CO2 per year

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Energy saving measures apply to: 

single ships or entire fleets

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planned newbuilds

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operating old vessels

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – Solutions 

Variable-speed drives (VSDs) 

Used to adjust motor speed according to demand

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Can reduce energy use by 50%

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Payback on equipment and installation, from fuel savings alone, in under 1 year

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Large potential for retrofitting existing ships with new fuelreducing technologies

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Only around 2% of global fleet currently equipped with VSDs for seawater cooling pumps

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98% of fleet is missing opportunity for high fuel savings, environmental and commercial rewards

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – Solutions 

Marine energy appraisal service 

Finds applications that benefit from energy-saving technologies

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Identifies motor-driven applications that benefit from VSDs

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Payback often under 2 years

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – Solutions

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Marine energy appraisal – What’s involved

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Input data and documentation are collected during an onboard survey including: 

Ship’s heat balance calculation

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Air balance calculation

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Layout of the systems

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Machinery datasheet

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Schedule of ship’s route

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Current system management

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Survey on board

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Vessel operational profile

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – Solutions

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Marine energy appraisal – What’s involved

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Energy appraisal is undertaken to find comparison between power consumption and demand

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Final report verifies results including a return on investment. Typical findings may include: 

Vessel has been designed for worst climate condition

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Motors of fans and pumps run only at fixed speed

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Current system is wasting up to 70% of energy

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Cost proposal for implementing improvements is presented

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If accepted an installation site survey is carried

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Once agreed actual engineering and commissioning is completed

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Results are verified to confirm actual saving

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – Solutions 

Energy Management System (EMS) 

Senior management needs to embrace environmental and energy efficiency issues

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Provide resources to deal efficiently with company’s energy issues

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Appoint an energy champion with agreed: 

key targets

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responsibilities

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authority

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Champion determines company’s present and expected energy use

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Only then can accurate measurements, comparisons and follow-ups be implemented

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – Solutions 

Develop Energy Management System (EMS) 

EMS recognises proper procedures for measuring and following-up results are as important as being able to plan and implement



EMS aims to: 

maximise profits

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minimise costs

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increase company’s competitiveness

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EMS brings together employees that affect energy performance

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EMS maps and analyses energy usage 

provides data to assess measures and decide on goals for energy efficiency that are challenging but achievable

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – Solutions 

Energy Monitoring and Management tool (EMMA) 

EMMA impacts on fuel cost reduction

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EMMA gives complete visibility to energy production and consumption performance

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EMMA helps operate a ship, several ships or entire fleet with best possible energy efficiency and environmental responsibility

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EMMA helps optimise energy-related processes, practices and decisions, from engine room to board room

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – Solutions 

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ABB's trained consultants support staff on-board and onshore to: 

interpret information

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identify improvement areas

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set targets

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coach staff in running vessel more efficiently

Management onshore receives consulting and benchmarking services 

Aim is to run fleet more efficiently to optimise return-oninvestment

Challenges facing marine industry Implementing energy saving technology – Solutions 

System’s users include: 

crew members with responsibilities for energy use on-board

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personnel with responsibility for fleet’s overall energy costs, emissions and competitiveness

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Payback for service package (license and management fee) within 12 months

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EMMA is highly developed software running on ordinary PCs onboard and ashore