(since 1982)
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Call for your FREE CATALOG today or visit us at: www.dslivestock.biz We have low freight rates or order for upcoming shows • 1-800-949-9997 • 1-301-689-1966 • Fax: 1-301-689-9727 18059 National Pike • Frostburg, Maryland 21532
2013-2014 AMERICAN BOER GOAT ASSOCIATION REGION 16 - BRAD MACKEY (EC) PRESIDENT • bradmackey@bmackfarms.com
0DUFK $SULO
REGION 3 - JEFF GIBBS (EC) VICE PRESIDENT • gibbsfarm@aol.com REGION 10 - TRACY DIEFENBACH (EC) SECRETARY • tldief@gmail.com REGION 6 - DR. MARK WATKINS TREASURER • mdw@beecreek.net REGION 1 - TERRY BROWN • capriole@pocketinet.com REGION 2 - SCOTT PRUETT • eieiowefarms@yahoo.com REGION 4 - CECIL SWEPSTON • cecils@brokensranch.com REGION 5 - JOHN EDWARDS • eggstx@aol.com REGION 8 - SHON CALLAHAN • sdccccranch@aol.com REGION 9 - VICKI STICH (EC) • ladyhogger59@hotmail.com REGION 11 - JESSE J. CORNELIUS • jcornelius@nettleton.k12.ms.us REGION 12 - PAUL KINSLOW (EC) • paul@muellerauctions.net REGION 13 - MARK ANDERSON • fandhranch@aol.com REGION 14 - JOHN MORROW • morrowfarm@aol.com REGION 15 - SARA DAVIS • csdavis@oakhollowlivestock.com ERVIN CHAVANA (EC) PAST PRESIDENT • mengercreek@hotmail.com *EC DENOTES EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEMBER
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AMERICAN BOER GOAT ASSOCIATION 1207 S. BRYANT BLVD., SUITE C • SAN ANGELO, TX 76903
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MARY ELLEN VILLARREAL, Office Operations Supervisor • mary@abga.org LAURIE EVANS, Administrative Assistant • laurie@abga.org SONIA CERVANTEZ, Accounting • sonia@abga.org DEE ANN TORRES, Registration Support Staff • deeann@abga.org CINDY DUSEK, Show Coordinator/Youth Coordinator • cindy@abga.org
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ABGA OFFICE HOURS MONDAY - FRIDAY • 8:00 AM TO 5:00 PM (CST)
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4 - The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine
TABLE OF IN THIS ISSUE
11
DARLENE BAKER What’s in a Label?
DR. FRANK PINKERTON & DR. KEN MCMILLIN U.S. Meat Goat Situation Report: Part 2
27
12
DR. FRED C. HOMEYER Boer Goats To Market Goats: The U. S. Industry From Here To There
DARLENE BAKER ABGA™ Breed Standards in the Show Ring and on the Farm
08
A WORMY SITUATION Effectively Treating and Managing Parasites
2014 NATIONAL SHOW PACKET Everything You Need to Know for This Year’s Show
30
15
SHOWMANSHIP Winning at What Counts
A PEEK AT OUR FUTURE LEADERS Brief Bios About Your Board of Director Candidates
34
32 ABOUT THE COVER
The cover photo for this issue was taken by Show Champions Premium Livestock Photography. This snapshot was captured at the 2013 State Fair of Texas in Dallas during the Open Boer Goat Show.
WANT TO SEE YOUR PHOTO ON THE COVER? We are still compiling entries for our next cover photo! You still have a shot at YOUR photo being the cover of the May/June issue of The Boer Goat!
Submit your pic to info@theboergoatmagazine.com!
ENCORE CONTACT KELLI CHAPMAN PO BOX 243 • HASKELL, TX 79521 • TOLL FREE 877-822-3016 FAX 806-398-9047 • info@theboergoatmagazine.com PUBLISHER JACKIE LACKEY, INC. JACKIE LACKEY, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF & CREATIVE DIRECTOR • jackie@encorevisions.com CREATIVE TEAM ROBYN AMTHAUER • JAMIE BEATTY • SARAH VACHLON
The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine - 5
AMERICAN BOER GOAT ASSOCIATION
THE ABGA AFFILIATE PROGRAM is a partnership between regional goat clubs and ABGA. With the rapid growth in the meat goat industry, the local meat goat and Boer goat clubs have an increased role of education, marketing and promotion. These local groups provide an essential role in promoting the industry and educating breeders. In 2004, ABGA began development of a program to aid, assist and work together with local clubs. The objectives of the AGBA affiliate program include: • Provide additional resources at the local clubs level • Provide networking opportunities for the local clubs • Attract and retain goat producers • Assist with educational opportunities • Provide a method for grassroots input from local clubs
Piney Woods Boer Breeders Club Calvin Taylor 969 Leon Tilman Road Lufkin, TX 75901 calvintaylor@yahoo.com Serving states: TX, AR, OK, LA
Cascade Boer Goat Association Duane Rogers 15675 Eaden Rd Oregon City, OR 97045 becki@coppercreekboers.com Serving states: OR, WA
Region 15 Boer Goat Association James Oller Harrogate, TN 37752 spearcy@netease.net Serving states: AL, FL, GA, TN
Midwest Boer Goat Breeders Club Cindy Wade 29856 E 2150 N Colfax, IL 61728 cwwade@hotmail.com Serving states: IL, open to midwest states
Alabama Meat Goat and Sheep Producers Mitt Walker P.O. Box 1100 Montgomery, AL 36191 mwalker@alfafarmers.org Serving states: AL Kansas
Junior Meat Goat Organization Jamie Garten Abilene, KS 67410 jamiegarten@hotmail.com
6 - The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine
Empire State Meat Goat Producers Association
Boer Goat Association of North Carolina
Brett Lindsay P.O. Box 306 Watkins Glen, NY 14891 bsbblindasay@twcny.rr.com Serving states: NY, PA, MD, DE, MA, CT, NJ, VT, ME
Curtis J. Ring Greensboro, NC 27416 kellyclark@triad.rr.com
Four State Boer Goat Association Scott Hawthorn 164 Hawthorn Lane Arkadelphia, AR 71923 scott@cedargrovefarms.com Serving states: AR, OK, TX, LA, TN, MO
North Carolina Meat Goat Association Randall White 105 Five Bridge Road Clinton, NC 28328 crokedcreekgoat@aol.com Serving states: NC, VA, SC
Southern Goat Producers Association, Inc. Judy Langley P.O. Box 35 Seneca, SC 29678 judylangley@bellsouth.net
Tall Corn Meat Goat Wether Association, Inc. Vern Thorp 1959 Highway 63 New Sharon, IA 50207 neverthorp@aol.com Serving States: IA
North Arkansas Meat Goat Association Robert Healea 10591 Highway 7 North Harrison, AR 72601 cedarholowfarm@hotmail.com Serving states: AR
Louisiana Meat Goat Association Chris Shaffett 29100 Craig Dr. Hammond, LA 70403 neverdone@myway.com Serving states: LA
Snake River Meat Goat Association Clara Askew 5180 SE 1st Ave. New Plymouth, ID 83655 foxtailfarms@hotmail.com Serving states: ID, WA, OR, NV, UT, WY, MT
Ohio Meat Goat Association Mary Morrow 13140 Stoney Point Road New Concord, OH 43762 morrowfarm@aol.com Serving states: OH, PA, NC, IN, MI, TX, KY, CT, WV
OF EVENTS 2014 MARCH
APRIL
MARCH 1-2 MUSD Spring Fling | Manteca, CA Danell Ariaz | 559-779-5662
APRIL 5 Best in the West Boer Goat Show Red Bluff, CA | Rosalinda Visina 916-687-8030
MARCH 2 Star of Texas Fair and Rodeo Austin, TX | Segayle Foster 512-919-3000 MARCH 6 Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo | Houston, TX Darci Owens | 832-667-1125 MARCH 8 Rio Grande Valley Livestock Show | Mercedes, TX Sam Magee | 956-565-2456 IMGP Spring Fling | Joilet, IL Deric Wetherell | 217-898-9358 MARCH 22 Spring Spectacular Boer Goat Sale Oswego, KS | Jane Crumpaker crumcritters@yahoo.com MARCH 22-23 Shaking Off the Winter Blues Park Hills, MO | Jon Cowley 573-718-1217 MARCH 29 MSU FFA Spring Classic Morehead, KY | Paige Scheiderer 937-707-4366 MARCH 29-30 Spring Spectacular Greenville, TX | Anissa O’Hair 903-456-8752 Redbud Classic – “The Finale” Stillwater, OK | Debbie Dilley 405-880-1641 2014 April Fools Show Ellensburg, WA | Louise Goudge 503-637-6244
APRIL 12-13 OJBGA Platinum Series 2014 Location TBA | Evie Gates 918-944-3067 APRIL 25-26 Sandra Rigsby Memorial Greenville, TX | Anissa Ohair 903-456-8752 Delmarva Classic | Harrington, DE Maida Graves | 302-236-2107 North Carolina Spring Spectacular | Shelby, NC Greg Traywick | 704-482-4365 APRIL 26 Central New Mexico Goat Days Estancia, NM | Debby Maberry 505-384-1874 Show Me Spring Spectacular Sedalia, MO | Tracy Diefenback 816-533-2563 APRIL 26-27 7th Annual Diamond Classic Grenwood, AR | Mark Berry 870-828-1734 APRIL 27 Weld County Goat Extravaganza Greeley, CO | Scott Pruett 303-732-4534
MAY 17-18 Boer-nanza Central City, IA | Barbie Waltz 319-560-0854 13th Annual Spring Classic Harrison, AR | Robert McMahen 870-577-1759 WV Boer Goat Blitz Kearnysville, WV | Susan Burner 304-279-6323 Wilde West Boer Goat Show Moro, OR | Louise Goudge 503-637-6244 JABGA Region 2-Boer-Nanza Central City, IA | Barbie Waltz 319-560-0854 MAY 23-25 BGANC Boer Goat Blitz Fletcher, NC | Kelly Clark 336-362-5780 MAY 24 Heart of Indiana Open Boer Goat Show Franklin, IN | Hannah Goeb 317-474-4403 MAY 24 -25 Goats in the Park Cape Girardean, MO Jon Cowley | 573-718-1217 MAY 30-JUNE 1 TSGPA Mid-Summer Showdown 2 | Greenup, KY Corey Billups | 606-456-2471
MAY MAY 3-4 May Daze Boer-Quet Pauls Valley, OK | Robin Graham 405-444-0561 ABGA.OHBGS Spring Fever Boer Goat Show | Zanesville, OH Mary Morrow | 740-826-4333
Be sure to visit www.abga.org for additional information, updates, and a complete years calendar of upcoming shows and events. Don’t see your event listed? Contact the ABGA at 325.486.2242! The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine - 7
By Ginger Merritt
SITUATION
m y o r W A
Photo Credit: Susan Schoenian, University of Maryland Extension
KNOWING HOW TO TREAT GOATS FOR WORMS IS A DIFFICULT TASK. Many theories exist, and the information given by veterinarians, producers, Extension agents and the internet can often vary and confuse producers. In the face of this conflict and variation, what should a producer do? Experts agree that the answer varies depending on the nuances of the farm, the pastures, the genetics and more. Mike Neary, Purdue University Extension small ruminant specialist, says there is no ideal schedule for deworming goats. “A good program will try to prevent resistance to available drugs while at the same time controlling or keeping the worms from causing health or production losses in the goats,” Neary says. “It is so dependent on many factors – including weather, pasture stocking rate, forage type and class of animal grazing (kids vs. adults).” 8 - The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine
To begin implementation of the best deworming program for their farms, producers should examine several factors, starting with evaluating the herd for parasites. Neary says knowing when to check your herd depends on the weather and class of animal. “During a wet, warm period, kids may need monitoring every two weeks,” Neary says. “An adult dry doe with the same conditions may need monitoring monthly, as an example. Keep an eye on FAMACHA© scores and body condition scores, backed up by getting fecal egg counts conducted.” FAMCHA FAMACHA is a diagnostic tool to help farmers identify parasite infection in small ruminants, such as sheep and goats. This chart matches eyelid color to anemia levels, an indicator of parasite infection. FAMACHA was developed in South Africa and is distributed in the U.S. through the Southern Consortium for Small Ruminant Pest Control. In order to receive a FAMACHA card, non-veterinarians must receive proper instruction in the method. Workshops are held throughout the U.S., and producers should contact the local Extension office or state small ruminant specialist for the closest location of upcoming workshops. In addition,
FAMACHA IS A DIAGNOSTIC
ANTHELMINTICS ARE DRUGS THAT
THE GOAL OF PASTURE
TOOL TO HELP FARMERS
EITHER KILL EGG-LAYING ADULTS
MANAGEMENAT IS TO ALLOW THE
IDENTIFY PARASITE INFECTION
OR KILL LARVAE BEFORE THEY
IN SMALL RUMINANTS, SUCH
BECOME ADULTS AND BECOME
PARASITES ARE AVAILABLE
AS SHEEP AND GOATS.
CAPABLE OF LAYING EGGS.
TO THE GRAZING ANIMALS.
the American Consortium for Small Ruminant Parasite Control (ACSRPC) maintains a list of upcoming FAMACHA workshops on the website: www.acsrpc.org/. David Pugh, DVM and small ruminant textbook author, says the ACSRPC website is a good place to start to learn about goats and parasites. “There’s not a good answer to deworming goats,” he says. “I’ve spent all my life fighting parasites in small ruminants, and there’s simply not an easy answer. But if you spend some time learning about parasites and goats, you’ll be able to tackle the problem more efficiently.” FAMACHA is only aimed at one parasite, Haemonchus contortus, a blood-sucking parasite that causes severe anemia, protein loss and death in goats and sheep, which makes it the most important to control. This gastrointestinal roundworm is considered the deadliest internal parasite to small ruminants in the Midwestern U.S. and is also commonly referred to as the barber pole worm. The main goal in attempting to control Haemonchus and other internal parasites is to break their cycle of life, which can be accomplished in a variety of ways, including anthelmintics, pasture management and animal management. Small ruminant experts agree that a combination of methods will often give the best results and result in good herd health. Use of Anthelmintics Anthelmintics are drugs that either kill egg-laying adults or kill larvae before they become adults and become capable of laying eggs. Different versions of anthelmintics exist, and knowing which one to pick can be a difficult process. Neary says to pick one that works. “That is a serious answer, as there is now widespread resistance to some or many of the drugs commonly used to control parasites,” he says. “Almost every farm has resistance issues to one or more classes of drugs used to control parasites, even if the producer is not aware of it.” Neary says performing a fecal egg count reduction test is a method to determine if resistance is an issue. “It would be best to work with a veterinarian to conduct this test,” he says. Neary says does should be treated two to four weeks before kidding, as there is a natural rise in fecal egg output in late pregnancy. In addition, kids are most susceptible to parasites as they are young, small and have lower blood volume. Therefore, they should be monitored more frequently for parasite burden than adult animals. Neary cautions producers to make sure they avoid underdosing their animals. “Underdosing is one reason why resistance is a problem,” he says. “Overdosing can occur also, although most of the drugs have a
PASTURES ENOUGH TIME TO REST SO THAT NOT AS MANY INFECTIVE
ANOTHER COG IN THE PARASITE CONTROL MACHINE IS ANIMAL MANAGEMENT – CONTROLLING PARASITES THROUGH GENETIC SELECTION.
reasonable margin of safety. Knowing body weights of animals helps prevent both situations.” Goat producers have an especially difficult time controlling parasites, as goats are more susceptible to internal parasites than most food animal species. “They metabolize the drugs we use to control parasites faster,” Neary says. “So, they often need to be monitored more closely and more frequently than cattle, or even sheep.” Pasture Management The goal of pasture management is to allow the pastures enough time to rest so that not as many infective parasites are available to the grazing animals. A “safe” pasture can meet one of many criteria. Often, a pasture is considered relatively free from Haemonchus if it has been tilled or burned since the last time sheep and/or goats grazed the land. The land would also be considered safe if it has been grazed by other species of animals (especially cattle or horses); if three months have passed since it was last grazed during the spring or summer; and if six months have passed since it was last grazed over the winter. Pasture that has had a crop of hay removed is also considered safe. Giving a pasture rest prevents the deposit of more parasites and allows for new growth, which lowers the risk that sheep and goats will ingest the larvae present in the pasture. Utilizing summer annual forage crops, such as sorghum/sudan hybrid forages, can also develop safe pastures. These forages grow quite tall, and animals graze at shoulder or higher height, which reduces the opportunity to ingest larvae. Plus, goats are natural browsers, and browsing forages or brush well above ground level has the same effect. Animal Management Another cog in the parasite control machine is animal management – controlling parasites through genetic selection. Pugh says the easiest way to control parasites is to select animals who have a natural immunity. “You simply select for animals that don’t have to be dewormed,” he says. “As a general rule, the ones you have to deworm are inferior because they don’t exhibit parasite resistance.” As with any genetic selection program that includes several variables, the more selections made, the slower the genetic process. “You’ll make slow progress, but in the long run, you’ll have a better herd,” Pugh says. “Genetic selection for goats with parasite resistance is a little piece of a huge puzzle; all the pieces have value, but they have to be integrated to have success.” The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine - 9
ANNOUNCEMENTS ANNOUNCEMENT FOR DNA TESTING
ABGA™ CODE OF ETHICS
At the December ABGA Board meeting the directors approved a motion to institute DNA testing on all bucks (registered or unregistered) that are used in live coverage for registered offspring. The first year, January 1 through December 31, 2014, testing will be on a voluntary basis. DNA tests will become mandatory beginning January 1, 2015 for all bucks used in live coverage and for any semen collected after January 1, 2015 before offspring can be registered. DNA testing will also be mandatory for all bucks born after January 1, 2015, who are being registered.
The American Boer Goat Association (ABGA), it’s Board of Directors, Members, Non-Members and/or Agents are committed to conduct ourselves in a manner that:
The DNA tests will be performed by the Veterinary Genetics Laboratory at UC Davis. UC Davis has been providing DNA tests since the early 1990’s. For the first year, 2014, the DNA test will be discounted from the standard cost of $40.00 per test for ABGA members, but the price for ABGA members has not been set yet. As soon as all of the details of the program are available, DNA kits can be ordered through the ABGA Office. Your Board of Directors encourages all members to take advantage of the DNA Testing Program once it is place, even though it is on a voluntary basis this year. There will be questions as we proceed, and members should feel free to contact their director or the office. The answers may not be immediate, but we will provide them and make sure that everyone gets the information they need in order to make use of the program.
• Creates good corporate citizenship in all jurisdictions in which we operate. • Does not discriminate on the basis of age, disability, economic status, ethnicity, gender, race, religion, or sexual orientation. • Honors the core values of integrity, respect, and accountability, as this is at the heart of everything that we do. • Maintains a high level of ethical behavior. • Provides for an excellent pedigree service through accurate information provided by its members. • Refrains from a conflict of interest or the perception thereof. By the authority given to them through Section 2.9 of the Bylaws, the Board of Directors of the ABGA may enforce this Code of Ethics through the filing of a Rule 900, as described in the ABGA Rules and Regulations, or by a written letter of reprimand, which may or may not be made available to the general membership, by a two-thirds majority vote of the whole Board of Directors excluding any Board member that may be accused of a violation of this Code of Ethics.
JUNE 9-15
2014 NATIONAL SHOW The 2014 ABGA and JABGA National Shows will be held June 9 – 15, 2014 at Fonner Park, 1811 W 2nd Street, Grand Island, Nebraska. With brand new livestock facilities built in 2009 for the Nebraska State Fair, Fonner Park is one of the largest venues that have ever hosted the ABGA Nationals. Unloading goats will begin at 6:00am and end at 4:00pm on Monday, June 9, 2014. All goats must be in the barn by 4:00pm. They will all be penned in the spacious 109,000 square foot Cattle barn where there is plenty of room for the 6ft X 6ft pens. Pens, trimming areas and washing are all under one roof. The show ring is in the adjacent Arena which is connected to the Cattle barn. The Arena provides plenty of room for spectators with
stadium seating on both sides of the show ring. As in past years, the ABGA will offer for auction, twenty-four ringside Sponsor Tables which include three chairs and daily snacks. The tables will be auctioned off online at a date yet to be determined, so watch for future notifications on date and time. This year there will be a new entering procedure and substitution fee. The ABGA Herd Book closes and ALL Entries are due in the ABGA office by close of business May 1, 2014. Entries will be by Registration Number Only and substitutions will be $25.00 per head. All goats 12 months and under must be weighed in. Weigh in time is 8:00am - 5:00pm, Monday June 9th. Weigh in cards will be at scales and
10 - The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine
must be returned to office before 5:00pm. The recorded weights will be added to the National Show Program for reference. On Thursday, June 12, 2014 the ABGA / JABGA appreciation dinner and auction will be held in the Swine Building, which is located next door to the Cattle Barn. Auction and Silent auction items are needed. All auction proceeds go to the JABGA, so please donate and pull together for the Juniors! Friday will be the ABGA Shirt Day recognizing Diabetes. ABGA will again be offering for sale a Diabetes / ABGA shirt, with all sale proceeds going to the American Diabetes Association. The ABGA / JABGA National Show host hotel is the Holiday Inn – Midtown, 2503 S. Locust,
Grand Island, Nebraska. Phone 302-384-1330. ABGA has negotiated a rate of $99.95.
by Darlene Baker
BEING a Boer goat producer can be as challenging as it is rewarding, particularly when it comes to treating illness and maintaining herd health. The number one question most people have when buying medication or supplements is, “What can I use?” Next question is “Will it work?”
on over the counter medication or supplements. All medications and supplements have to be labeled as to use. They also must carry any warnings as to what animals cannot be given a particular medication or supplement, and what the withdrawal time period is, if there is one. If a label on a product has the following statement, in any form, you are legally prohibited from using it on your goats, or any meat producing animal, even if your veterinarian tells you to use it.
beef cattle, calves, including veal calves and swine.
Finally, you have the easy stuff,
medication and supplements that are actually labeled for use in goats. The label takes the guesswork out of whether you can use it, and how long the withdrawal time is for goats, but you still can’t be sure it will work, or treat the problem you’re dealing with CAUTION unless you know Do not use on animals which for sure what the are raised for food production. problem is.
There are few guidelines for goats and even fewer for Boer goats. Historically, goats have been lumped with sheep and what little research that was done focused on sheep with the assumption being WARNING Intended for use on that if it worked Do not feed to animals horses and dogs only. for sheep, it’d intended for food production. probably work for goats. Even Next is a gray area. These products with sheep, very little real research has been done because sheep are will be labeled in a variety of ways, but what you look for is something like considered a minor species, just as what appears on the LA 200 bottle. goats are. The FDA says that unless it is labeled So, how do you find out what to use. for goats, it is extra label use and a How do you find out what works. veterinarian is supposed to be involved A veterinarian is your first line of in directing its use. This is the law, but defense, or offense as the case may the reality is that many products are be, particularly if you don’t know available over the counter or by mail what you’re dealing with. After that, order and people don’t stop to think you are your best resource. The that there might be a problem with internet has opened up many avenues using them. The assumption people of information, but there is more bad make is that if it can be given to cattle or incomplete information, than good who are large ruminants, then it can information and often it is hard to be used on goats, but since it has not determine which is which. There has been cleared for use on goats dosage been more interest in research on decisions are going to be guesswork. goats and getting FDA clearance on Since sheep are small ruminants like medications for use in goats over the goats, again people will assume that last ten years and university studies what is labeled for sheep can be used are usually more reliable than wordon goats. If you do choose to use one of-mouth information. of these products, it should be under A producer who does well and whose the direction of a veterinarian and animals are healthy is another source several sources have recommended of information, especially if they are that you double the withdrawal time from the same area as you. Different period, before marketing that animal parts of the United States have for food production. This is where different health issues to deal with. having a good relationship with a Still, in the end you are the one who has to decide what to do and what to use. For the treatment of disease in There are a few guidelines you can start with that will not lead you astray. The first is the label
veterinarian can be a life saver, both yours and your goats. Even if they don’t know a lot about goats, they are supposed to know the law and how the medications work.
Networking helps when it comes to making decisions about dealing with problems in your operation. Get to know your goats so that you can see problematic health issues before they become severe. Collect information and make a judgment call on which sources you believe are the most reliable and address solutions to problems that will work in your part of the country. And last, but by far the most important, find a veterinarian you can work with. It doesn’t have to be someone well versed in goats, although that would be a tremendous asset, but it is most helpful if they are willing to check out goat related issues and what medications will work. REFERENCES: The Veterinary Formulary, Yolande Bishop, Yolande M. Bishop, British Veterinary Association Pharmaceutical Press, 2005 Drug Use Guide: Goats. Pages 45-50, Lionel J. Dawson, 17th Annual Goat Field Day, Langston University, Langston, OK., 2002 The Ins and Outs of Extra-Label Drug Use in Animals: A Resource for Veterinarians, Animal and Veterinary, US FDA website, 2013
For the treatment of disease in cattle, sheep and swine.
Conditions for Producers’ Use of Livestock Drugs Version 1.3, John Gay, DVM PhD DACVPM, College of Veterinarian Medicine, Washington State University, 4/21/99 Modified November 16, 2012 The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine - 11
U.S. MEAT GOAT SITUATION REPORT: by Dr. Frank Pinkerton and Dr. Ken McMillin (Updated November 2013)
Goat production issues LSU researchers surveyed hundreds of owners of meat goats across the U.S. to identify their major industry concerns; initially, two seem paramount. The first actually concerns marketing issues. Producers feel that they are at a disadvantage in current marketing channels. They mostly sell at small, and often, distant auctions and thus incur larger costs for transportation and possible price discrimination due to lack of buyers (lesser competition). Other marketing options (brokers, cooperatives, packerdirect, and on-farm direct sales to consumers) are available to a few, or many, producers; some are not. All incur variable costs for moving goats pasture-to-plate. Goat producers vary widely in the scale and scope of their operations. They also vary widely in their knowledge of goat marketing channels. Goat producers (large- or smallholders) often seem unaware of the scale disadvantages of their industry as compared to other livestock species and equally unaware of the differences in production, processing, and merchandizing of these species.
In commercial-scale goat production, three management factors determine enterprise profitability. The first is the annual maintenance cost per doe (derived by dividing all production costs by the number of does exposed for breeding). The second factor is the percentage of kid crop sold. The higher this percentage, the higher the gross income and, presumably, the net income will be. Experience has shown that it is difficult to achieve positive costbenefit ratios if this figure is much less than 150%. Good managers can achieve about 175% (1.75 kids sold/doe); superior managers of mixed-aged herds can achieve 200% (for every single, there must be triplet). Kid crops sold above 200% are rare in herds kidding once per year. The third factor is weight of kids at sale time… larger weight equals larger income, and higher market grade of kids usually garner better prices/lb. Caveat: successful producers say numbers of kids sold per doe is, economically speaking, more important than their sale weight which is, in turn, worth more than their sale grade.
Perhaps too few goat owners realize, or accept, that they are producing and marketing a ‘minority’ specie, in In small-scale operations, these same factors apply, many instances far removed from consumers and also but owners may also recognize other factors as having not amenable to ameliorative non-cash value (brush economy-of-scale endeavors and weed control, tax prevalent in the beef, pork, and AMERICANS CONSUME, PER CAPITA, ABOUT 100 LB OF abatement, child-rearing poultry industries. Americans opportunities, life-style POULTRY PER YEAR, 65 LB OF BEEF, AND 60 LB OF PORK. IN consume, per capita, about improvement, etc.). In this CONTRAST, WE CONSUME ABOUT .9 LB OF LAMB/MUTTON AND 100 lb of poultry per year, 65 accounting, the objective is lb of beef, and 60 lb of pork. to lose as little as possible ABOUT .3 LB OF GOAT MEAT (DOMESTIC PLUS IMPORTED). In contrast, we consume while maximizing family about .9 lb of lamb/mutton enjoyment. A considerable and about .3 lb of goat meat (domestic plus imported). majority of all goat owners probably fall into this Ergo, it is not surprising that marketing opportunities category. Regarding IRS policy, farm losses are for goat (and sheep) producers are not comparable to deductible only if the intent is to make a profit; otherwise mainstream species. no deductions are allowed. The second primary producer concern focuses generally on the economics of meat goat production. More specifically, goat owners complain of unfavorable returns to their labor, management, and capital. In economic parlance, the cost-benefit ratios for goat farming are not sufficiently positive. In some instances, only break-even returns are achieved; in other instances, losses can be substantial.
12 - The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine
The most incorrigible and expensive component in determining annual doe maintenance costs is the charge taken for land use. At current prices, land simply cannot be purchased and paid for with income from commercial goat sales or even from breeding and/or Show stock sales. IRS rules allow one to deduct the costs of interest and of taxes on land purchases, as also depreciation for
improvements to the land. In many cases, commercial meat goats may not cover these costs. When evaluating opportunities for reducing annual doe maintenance costs and improving net income, it is tempting to simply make no charge for land use. The IRS won’t care and you can just say to yourself that the land is being held for investment price appreciation). But, for more accurate farm enterprise analysis, one should charge ‘fair rental value’ or (if the land is paid for) use ‘opportunitycost’ ďŹ gures (commonly: interest unearned). But, using either ďŹ gure will signiďŹ cantly reduce net farm income; live with it.
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The Sheep & Goat Fund encourages innovation and efficiency in the sheep and goat industries by providing credit to eligible and qualified entities. Sheep & Goat Fund loans are a valuable tool for sheep and goat producers who need assistance in financing projects that go beyond the farm gate. Loans are available in amounts up to $1.5 million per applicant delivered through either direct loans or loan guarantees. These loans are not to be used as a basic production loan.
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DR. FRANK PINKERTON is one of America’s best known
University to do extension work in dairy, Angora and meat
writers and speakers on meat goat nutrition, marketing
goats. In 2010, with the assistance of Terry Hankins, long
and management. He has been involved in the goat
time friend and publisher of the Goat Rancher magazine,
industry for over thirty years; actively working with dairy
Frank’s book, “A Compilation of the Wit and Wisdom of
goat, Angora goat, Cashmere goat, Boer goat and meat
‘The Goat Man’� was published.
goat producers. In 1968 Dr. Pinkerton joined the University of Kentucky and was sent to Thailand as livestock specialist. He also served as Administrator of the nascent Northeast Agricultural Research and Extension Center. In 1973 he went to Tokyo as Asian Director of the U.S. Feed Grains Council where he conducted demonstrations and educational programs using American feed grains in beef, dairy, swine and poultry operations in Japan, Korea, Hong Kong and the Philippines. Before moving on to Prairie View A&M U, a unit of the TAMU system in 1997, he also worked on several short-term livestock development programs in Morocco, Nigeria, Egypt, Syria, Sudan and Iran for the USFGC. In 1978 TAMU reassigned him to the task of developing the International Dairy Goat Research
Dr. Ken McMillin is a meat scientist, specializing in meat processing, packaging and safety at Louisiana State University, who has assisted Frank with aspects of marketing goats and goat meat. Together, they worked to develop a USDA-approved Institutional Meat Purchase SpeciďŹ cations for institutional purchasers. That effort led to the development of the USDA-Approved Grading Standards for live goats and carcasses. He has worked in the meat and poultry industries for over thirty-ďŹ ve years. According to his website page, “Ken’s speciďŹ c expertise is in value-added processing of red meat, poultry and seafood; case-ready and modiďŹ ed atmosphere packaging; Cajun meat products; HACCP and food safety, and goat meat.
Center. In 1983 Dr. Pinkerton relocated to Langston The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine - 13
FUTURE LEADER OF ABGA
SAMMY LORENA By Shon Callahan, Region 8 Director
The first time I had the opportunity to meet Sammy Lorena from Marysville, Calif., was in 2009. This kid was different. Smart, polite, intelligent and very mature for his age. I was impressed and still am. Sammy has been a model junior member of ABGA. He is a humble young man. During his first Boer show, he won showmanship and found himself in the winner’s circle during his second time in the show ring. Sammy is also ambitious, having graduated high school at 16. This kid’s future is bright, and those of us who know him are better for it. I recently spent some time with Sammy and got a little more insight into one of ABGA’s most successful sons. How did you get involved in Boer goats? It all started at age 13 with a Boer Goat Magazine at a Tractor Supply Company. There was a picture of Tarzan on the cover, and I had to check this out. I’d never seen a goat like this. We saw the calendar of events, and there was a show about two hours away, so we went and watched. I had a lot of cattle experience, but I’d never seen anything like Boer goats! I was hooked! Whats your proudest accomplishment in ABGA to date? I appreciate everything I’ve ever won. Win or lose, they’ve all been opportunities to learn. My first Nationals is memorable because it was a great learning experience. I didn’t win a lot, but I did come home with some new goals. 2013 was probably the best, because I had National Grand Champion Bred & Owned Buck, National Reserve Champion Bred & Owned Fullblood Doe and Junior National Champion Bred-and-Owned Fullblood Buck. I raised them all, and that made those victories a little sweeter!
2014 BRED & OWNED EXPLANATION
OF CHANGES By Shon Callahan, Region 8 Director
People raise and show livestock for many different reasons. For some, it’s the buckles and banners that bring them back. Others find great satisfaction in competing only with themselves, producing better animals this year than they did last year. There is no good or bad reason. No right or wrong. I heard Dr. Frank Pinkerton once say, “Feed what you like to look at.” While there’s nothing wrong with buying new goats, for many, the ultimate goal is to breed a great one. The American Boer Goat Association (ABGA) defines breeders as: An individual(s) who is the owner or leasee of record of a kid & dam on the date of service. In plain terms, if you own the doe at the time of breeding, you are the breeder of her kids. “Bred and owned” status has been around for several years. Now, your current ABGA board of directors has decided more should be done to provide incentives for the future breeders of our industry. 2014 will bring a few changes for bred-and-owned competitors:
What’s in Sammy Lorena’s future?
will be double premium money paid to bred-and-owned 1. There exhibitors over what is paid for the junior show. will also be awarded to all class winners of the bred-and2. Buckles owned competition. 3. Banners will be awarded to bred-and-owned winners. 4. Rosettes and ribbons will also be awarded.
Right now, I am going to a community college working on an agricultural business degree. I’d like to eventually work for an agricultural marketing company in sales. I’m also doing reproduction work and do my own A.I. work.
EXAMPLES:
Favorite All Time Buck? Ruger! You can’t deny the industry impact he’s made.
There will be an additional $10 per head entry fee into the bredand-owned classes. For 2014, the classes will continue to run within the same Junior American Boer Goat Association (JABGA) classes.
Class of 10 in a 9-12 age group (Z=bred and owned; X=junior exhibitors)
Favorite All Time Doe?
ex 1
Z
X
X
Z
X
Z
X
X
X
X
That’s a tough one! There are some really great does out there. I guess my al-time favorite doe would be 2Dox Splenda. She was awesome!
ex 2
X
X
Z
Z
X
Z
X
X
X
Z
Your thoughts on Reciprocal Breeding? A hot topic! I’m all for it. It can introduce some new bloodlines and give breeders more options. I see some really cool percentage does in our future. Do you have any advice for juniors coming to ABGA? You must be self motivated! You have to love it and be willing to out-work your competition. Set goals, small and large, and always be honest about your own animals. Recognize their strengths and weaknesses. Anybody you want to thank? Most definitely! Dr. Mark and Sherrie Watkins, John and Jackie Edwards, Terry and Sue Taylor and Dr. Bob Dressler. Last but not least, my parents – they’ve always supported me.
ex 1
1st place Z is 1st in class and 1st in B&O 4th place Z is 4th in class and 2nd in B&O 6th place Z is 6th in class and 3rd in B&O
ex 2 3rd place Z is 3rd in class and 1st in B&O 4th place Z is 4th in class and 2nd in B&O 6th place Z is 6th in class and 3rd in B&O 10th place Z is 10th in class and 4th in B&O These changes have been made to provide incentives for our youth exhibitors who make the effort to manage their own breeding programs. If you build it, they will come! Bred-and-owned exhibitors are the future of our industry and the future of ABGA! If you have any questions, feel free to contact me or your director. Get ready and let’s make this the best BRED & OWNED year ever! Shon Callahan, sdccccranch@aol.com or 979-421-0255
14 - The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine
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BOER GOATS TO MARKET GOATS: FROM HERE TO THERE by Fred C. Homeyer, South African Boer Goat Breeder and Judge
T
he South African Boer goat is generally recognized as the meat goat of the world. Eighty percent of the world eats red meat and sixty percent of all red meat consumed in the world is goat meat which translates to about 63% of the world eating goat meat. It would seem that the South African Boer goat is a major contributor in this arena. Producing meat goats is a 21st century industry in the United States due to the fact that the immigration of people from third world countries is increasing. In third world countries the goat furnishes meat, leather, milk and fiber. When these people come to the U.S. they already have a taste for goat meat which provides a built in demand for this product. Currently the demand for goat meat is so high in the United States that only 20% of the current supply is domestically produced. Eighty percent of the goat meat consumed in the U.S. today is imported from Australia and New Zealand. Striving to increase the percentage of domestically produced goat meat is one of the reasons meat goat production may be the fastest growing sector of the livestock industry today. History records that the South African Boer goat was first imported into the United States in 1993 in significant numbers from a herd being raised in New Zealand which came from stock imported from Zimbabwe. The New Zealand Boers were raised at government sponsored stations at Keri Downs on the North Island and Erewell on the South Island. These animals were very tightly line bred from a small initial herd. If you study the pedigrees of these early imports from NZ you will find sires number Z01 and Z02 as well as 110, 115 and 117. If you studied these pedigrees you would find that all of the red goats that initially came from New Zealand had the doe number ZA99 in their pedigree. It would seem that this doe was a dominant factor in making these goats red further illustrating the contribution of both the buck and the doe in their progeny. It is important to note that without reliable pedigree information genotype breeding programs could not have been established.
You may contact Dr. Fred C. Homeyer at Antelope Creek Ranch Box 47, Robert Lee, TX 76945 325-453-2863 • ancreek@yahoo.com www.antelopecreek.com
in the U.S. was the ABGA (American Boer Goat Association). In 1997 the need for an additional breed association became apparent and thus the International Boer Goat Association (IBGA) was organized. In 2000 a third breed association sprang up from a division in the IBGA and was called the USBGA. At the present time two breed associations are operating with Boer goat breeders registering their animals in one or both of these associations. The IBGA dissolved at the end of 2012. Many IBGA members are getting their goats registered with ABGA and had to have their pedigree information submitted to ABGA by December 31, 2013. Each association has their own educational programs, judging schools, sanctioned shows and National Shows.
WW20. At one time I owned two of the best bucks from the AGF. These buck’s names were Trooper and Ridgewalkers Rags. They were imported from New Zealand by two of the early Boer goat breeders in the U.S., Buster and Priscilla Kennedy. The Kennedys were my first partner in the Boer goat business.
There are perhaps as many as 350,000 different pedigrees in the various domestic association data bases with many archive animals from South Africa represented. The inclusion of South African genetics that never set foot in the U.S. is important to allow breeders to consider as much genotype background as possible. Once the breeder understands what the genetic contribution from the various b l o o d l i n e s contributes to new generations of Boer goats the better the animals we theoretically should realize.
The next significant importation came from Geoff Burnett-Smith with his ABM or Australian Breeding Management goats from Australia. Burnett-Smith spent over $5 million of his own money bringing Boer goats from South Africa and putting them in quarantine on an island near the Australian mainland for five years. There were over 400 goats in the original ABM group with wide genetic backgrounds. The numbering system used for this group was 2xxx for the goats born in 1992, 3xxx for the goats born in 1993, 4xx for 1994 and 5xx for 1995. A point of interest here might be that I owned some of the original older 2xxx and 3xxx Boer goats from this group as well as 55 younger goats born to the original imports to the U.S. from ABM. My original famous herd sire was named Texas Twister and was ABM 3048. This genetics is what started the improvement in my breeding program in Boer goats almost 20 years ago.
“THE SOUTH AFRICAN BOER GOAT WAS FIRST IMPORTED INTO THE UNITED STATES IN 1993.”
As these Boer goats were being imported into the U.S. it became apparent that pedigree tracking needed to be maintained and a breed association was established in 1993. The first Boer goat breed association
For the first few years that Boer goats were in the U.S. the emphasis was on more muscling in the animals while still maintaining good conformation and functional skeletal dimension. The original imports lacked meat and phenotype similarity. To gain more meat several other groups of Boer goats were imported to this country. One of the early groups to be imported was the African Goat Flock group which was also from New Zealand. The AGF goats are also called Moody Goats named for the quarantine station operator in NZ, Rob Moody. The African Goat Flock was a different gene pool and the females where stouter and had more meat in general then the original Keri Downs goats. The bucks, however, were a different story. The saying about the AGF bucks was “they were long, they were tall, but when they walked away they disappeared.” They were very narrow when viewed from the rear. The two most significant bucks in the pedigrees of the African Goat Flock were WW19 and
About this time there was also another New Zealand group that came through Olds College in Canada and this was also the time that some Canadians began breeding Boer goats. Additional goats in Canada came directly from South Africa, an importation that was not allowed in the United States. This did not keep some of these South African Boer goats from being imported from Canada into the U.S. however.
The ABM Boer goats were much more heavily muscled than previous imports and contributed significantly to developing the Boer goat as a better meat goat in the U.S. These goats were phenotypical of the South African Boer goats in their native country. They were boldly three dimensional, that is, they were long, deep and wide. They had big forearms (a predictor of mass and muscling), wide, deep and long loins, thick buttocks and wide meaty shoulders. As the industry began to grow partnerships and connections between U.S. breeders and breeders in South Africa emerged. While the live goats could not be imported directly from SA, the goats from The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine - 27
South Africa were imported to Australia where they were mated and the resultant embryos were flown to the U.S. and birthed through recipient mothers after the embryos arrived in the United States. The importation of some of the best stock from South Africa enabled American breeders to make rapid improvement in the Boer goats being raised domestically. Through the use of artificial insemination and embryo transfer technology the rate of improvement was sped up even more. Throughout this process the importance of pedigree tracking became even more necessary and valuable. The importance of valid and correct breeding information and the coordination of data base information between the three domestic breed associations was imperative. As with many breeds of animals around the world it was inevitable that many of the breeders wanted to exhibit their stock in local, regional and national shows. Boer goat judging schools were set up to train American judges. In the beginning the South Africans were invited over here to conduct the schools and teach Americans the importance of adherence to breed standards. The South African Boer Breeders Society was established on July 4, 1959 and the first South African Boer Goat Breed Standard was set forth. The purpose of the breed standard was to provide a guideline for breeders to improve their stock and breeding programs over time. It is important that all Boer goat judges have a comprehensive understanding of the breed standards. The goat that most nearly satisfies the standards in the class should be placed at the top. When the Boer goat was first imported to this country it was in very high demand and extremely low supply. Supply – demand economics took over with the result that many of the early Boer goats were sold for astronomical prices. I was at an auction in Lampasas, Texas in the early days and saw 6 Boer bucks sell for a total of $277,000 and 6 Boer does sell for over $170,000. All but one of these goats was only three months old when they were sold at this auction. The two year old buck in the auction was there because he had broken his leg in quarantine and had just become sound enough to sell. Those were the glory days of the Boer goat in the U.S. It was during these times that Boer goat embryos were selling for $25,000 and more. Most people thought that the Boer goat was just a fad like the ostrich and emu craze but what made the Boer goat different was the underlying demand for goat meat. The Boer goat industry has thrived for 20 years now in the U.S. While the average price for a fullblood registered Boer goat has dropped significantly at the numerous production sales being held around the country a good number of “show quality” animals still change hands in the $20,000 to $30,000 range. Most production sales today see an average sales price of about 28 - The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine
$600 per animal or a little less. The Boer goat has been included in the 4H and FFA programs around the country for many years now. In addition youth programs are growing in the domestic breed associations. Junior shows at the national level have been held for several years now and are usually held in the same time and same venue as the senior or National Show. Just as there are many benefits to raising goats in 4H and FFA the breed associations offer many programs for young people from poster presentations, to stick horse races and boot scrambles at the national show. Being a member of all three original breed associations I have had the opportunity to attend many national shows. It is gratifying to me to see the family atmosphere and the participation of many young people at these shows. In fact, in 2011 at the IBGA National Show held in Louisville, KY a group of over 20 young people with their sponsors drove all the way from Maine to participate in the show. Many adults see the importance of including junior members and having programs to keep young people involved with Boer goats. Some young people even have their own flocks and their own member prefix and tattoo. With the growth of the sanctioned show program there are perhaps as many as 200 Boer goat shows around the country each year. These shows include classes for fullblood goats, percentage goats and commercial (meat) goat classes. The commercial classes are usually for goats that have not been registered. As the show program has grown and evolved a new type of goat began to emerge, the wether meat goat. Rather than showing Boer goats in the 4H and FFA shows the agricultural extension programs around the country began to promote wether goats. These wether goats are judged on meat and conformation and breed standards do not come into consideration. The judges of both Boer goat shows and wether goat shows have a tremendous influence on the development of the type of goat shown in the ring. People want to win blue ribbons and they notice the type of goat that is winning the blue ribbon and they try to raise that type of goat to impress the judge. If the judge changes the type of goat he prefers the phenotype of the goat being bred changes for the better and perhaps sometimes for the worse. At the present time the type of wether goat placing high at most shows has a cylindrical body, a big loin, wide shoulders and a meaty buttock that extends out from the tail head and comes back rather high on the back leg. The rump is a little short and the tail head is set a little low on
the rear end. This type of wether goat is set high off of the ground with long legs and a high chest floor. The phenotype of this wether goat is similar to that of a show lamb. In many cases the wether is braced like a show lamb in the show ring.
To produce this phenotype in a wether from Boer goat stock takes a different type of sire and dam from the “South African” style of Boer goat. These “wether sires” are normally very long with long neck extension and possess little overall balance. The emphasis is on producing wethers with a lot of loin and a lot of hip and butt. I have heard this type of wether sire called “freaky long and freaky tall”. The influence of this phenotype in the Boer goat show ring is also reflected by the type of Boer goat selected for top places by judges with training in judging the type of wether I have described above. At the present time we see different types of judges choosing different types of Boer goats in Boer goat shows. There is the “American” style Boer goat and the “Old style” or “South African” style Boer goat. From time to time the pendulum seems to swing both ways. Over time there has been more emphasis on producing goats that produce a lot of meat. Carcass evaluation seminars are being held around the country and included in some of the judging schools being taught today. One thing that becomes apparent when evaluating meat goat carcasses is that a goat is NOT a sheep. The quality grades used in evaluating sheep are based partly on thickness of back fat. A sheep puts fat on the carcass over the body while a goat deposits fat internally around the internal organs (KPH – kidney, pelvic and heart). Even goats that have been fed high concentrate feed for a long period of time will have minimum
back fat, therefore, measurements used to evaluate sheep carcasses are not effective in evaluating meat goat carcasses. As of today there is still no generally accepted way to evaluate meat goats. The USDA has their IMPS (Institutional Meat Purchase Specifications) with their live evaluation of Selection One, Selection Two and Selection Three. Langston University has their BCS (Body Condition Score) of 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. Five is the top score for Langston’s procedure and Selection One is the top for USDA. Many of the research papers being produced about meat goats today still use back fat measurement and rib eye volume between 12th and 13th rib as the principal criteria. A goat is not a sheep and should not be evaluated as such. They are entirely different animals. The reason that the fat is deposited differently on goats and sheep is the fact that sheep and cows are grazers and eat mostly a meter and below to the ground, primarily consuming grass while the goat is a browser and normally eats at a distance of a meter and above the ground, primarily consuming leaves, twigs and weeds. Given a choice a Boer goat’s diet normally consists of 16% grass according to studies in South Africa. This distinction in the eating habits of goats and sheep is one of the contributing factors that makes goat meat the healthiest red meat that you can eat, low in cholesterol and low in fat but high in protein. What makes the Boer goat so hardy is that they are opportunistic, that is, they will make a living on the food that is available even if it is only grass. The Boer goat is bred to be highly fertile, very gentle, easy to breed with good mothering ability and able to make a living under harsh conditions with low quality food according to the South African Boer Breed Standard. As the production of meat goats with the help of pedigreed Boer goats gains in popularity it may be beneficial to track the pedigrees of the stock that are producing the best meat or market goats. This function could also be done by the Boer goat breed associations as I doubt that pedigree associations will spring up for meat goats that are going on a truck to be butchered and consumed at eight to twelve months of age.
recognizing meat goat production might grow even more. Of prime importance and consideration should be not only a live animal exhibition but also a carcass evaluation of these animals at the show. This is sometimes called a “Hoof and Hook Show”. Australia has been having this type of show for years with the champion carcasses being widely recognized and highly appreciated. In October 2011 I participated in a meat goat carcass evaluation, fabrication and marketing seminar. We measured 8 live wethers, butchered them, evaluated the carcasses and displayed and discussed them at the seminar. A lot was learned from this exercise and it became very apparent that butchering and evaluating the meat goat carcass was imperative in determining the best production goat. The live goats were not only measured for various things such as circumference of forearm, length of top line, depth of body, width of shoulder, width of loin, length of loin, depth of loin, width between eyes, length of face from horn set to muzzle, length of distance between end of nostril to tip of lip (a measurement in evaluation of kids in Australia), and a few other considerations. Live goats also had their ribeye measurement sonogramed. By performing these live measurements we could try to correlate measurements on the carcass such as seeing if the circumference of the forearm on the live goat correlated with the volume of ribeye measurement on its carcass. Through studies such as this around the country the Boer goat and meat goat breeder can gain information to formulate better breeding methodology. In my opinion the show ring should place more emphasis on function over form and production over “pretty” if we are to improve and realize better meat goats with higher meat to bone ratio. Pedigree tracking of the top producing meat goat sires and dams is crucial to getting where we want to go in the meat goat industry in the U.S. One final comment regarding pedigree tracking would seem to be in order. The beef industry and dairy industry have been using EPDs (expected progeny differentials) for many years in their livestock production programs. When I was in New Zealand judging their National Boer Goat Show in November 2011 I visited with a firm that has found DNA markers to correlate with EPDs in both cattle and sheep. It is just a matter of time before they have identified these DNA markers for goats as well. A vision of the future might be a breed association registration and pedigree tracking system that records EPD data (birth weight, weaning weight, 200 day weight, etc.) and is also able to record the identified DNA marker data for various sires and dams. I also think that
“THE BOER GOAT IS BRED TO BE HIGHLY FERTILE, VERY GENTLE, EASY TO BREED WITH GOOD MOTHERING ABILITY AND ABLE TO MAKE A LIVING UNDER HARSH CONDITIONS.”
What would obviously follow from the breed associations tracking of the genetics of market goats would be sanctioned Market Goat Shows at the National level. The ABGA has had wether goat classes at their national show the last two years but the participation has been rather small (less than 60 goats). Perhaps a better approach to a National Market Goat Show might be to have it at a different venue at a different time than the national Boer breed shows. With separate promotion and perhaps some different people participating this aspect of
serious consideration should be given to maternal traits such as number of kids birthed, number of kids weaned, average daily gain of each kid, total weight of kids per kidding, total weight of kids weaned per gestation, etc. Some initial efforts have been made in this regard (the BGN program with ABGA) but much more effort is needed. Dr. David Notter and his group at Virginia Tech have developed the NSIP (National Sheep Improvement Program) that is used around the world. It is just a matter of time before we have a NMGIP (National Meat Goat Improvement Program). That is my dream for the future.
DR. FRED C. HOMEYER is a retired college professor of C o m p u t e r Science having taught at the University of Texas at Austin and Angelo State University at San Angelo, Texas for a total of 38 years. He has been raising South African Boer goats and Dorper sheep at his Antelope Creek Ranch in Robert Lee, Texas for 20 years. He lacked one college course attending medical school and as a result goat health and goat medicine are primary interests. He receives emails from around the world on goat health issues every month. He is considered to be an international Boer goat judge having traveled around the world nine times judging Boer goats and presenting seminars about goats and goat raising. He was the first American to judge Boer goats in Australia when he judged the RNA Queensland Royal Show in 2006 and again in 2008 in Brisbane, Australia. Dr. Homeyer is the only person certified as a Boer goat judge by all three Boer Goat Associations in the U.S. (ABGA, IBGA and USBGA) and also holds the designation of International Boer Goat Judge for Brazil. He has taught numerous judging schools to the Brazilian judges as well as the Mexican judges, as well as Breeders Workshops and South African Boer Goat Judging School in New South Wales, Australia with the South African who judged the Australian National Show in 2010 and is the only American that has taught a South African judging school with a South African. His current research interests include extrapolation of physical traits from the observation of other traits and evaluation of caprine hair coats as an indication of proper glandular function to predict a strong immune system, fertility and maternal traits. Dr. Homeyer has a passion for the Boer goat and is internationally recognized for his efforts and international travels. He is truly a worldwide ambassador for the South African Boer Goat. The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine - 29
WINNING AT WHAT COUNTS Those who breed and show Boer goats fit in to a variety of categories: showing as a hobby, a business, a passion and/or a lifestyle. For Aaron and Denise Crabtree of Advanced Boer Genetics in Chillicothe, Ohio, they were first exposed to Boer goats as a hobby when their children were in 4-H. However, it has quickly grown into a business, passion and lifestyle. No matter the category or involvement level, they say reputation and pride is the key to being successful in the industry. “We all want to be respected; we all want to be winners. By never compromising what is right, the blue ribbons will come,” the Crabtrees said. “More importantly, you will be proud of your success.” The Crabtrees and Bailey Bergherm – a junior ABGA member who owns BAB Boer Goats in Terre Haute, Ind. – share their tips for presenting your goat at its best and competing ethically. They say by learning, preparing, presenting your animal’s strengths and learning lessons from competition, you can ensure you’re in the best position to compete.
WHY ETHICS MATTERS During their time breeding and competing for the show circuit, the Crabtrees have experienced both wins and losses. Along with the work, competition and money that goes into showing goats comes the temptation for unethical practices, they say . “First of all, you’re never guaranteed a win – ethically or unethically,” said the Crabtrees. “More importantly, a true sense of pride and joy can never come from breaking the rules. It’s just that simple.”
Bergherm adds that she’s seen people been honest in presenting their animals, look like they’re enjoying themselves.
who haven’t and they don’t
“Having the right attitude and having fun while showing off your animal speaks volumes to the judge,” she says. “He or she will pick up on that.” Instead, she says showmen should concentrate on best presenting their animal honestly. For the beginner showman, this starts with learning.
IMPROVING THROUGH EDUCATION Starting out as a 4-Her without much knowledge of Boer goats, Bergherm says she has always learned best by observation. “I started going to open shows and watching everyone,” she says. “I picked up on all of the little things they were doing to best present their animals. I asked a lot of questions, too.” She shares the story of her first time at a major show. “All weekend, I walked around and watched everyone clipping. My mom was so mad when I came back to my pen – I had ink all up my arm, having not had paper to write on when I was learning about what blades to use on what body part, what to feed, and who I needed to call,” Bergherm laughs. “That’s when she realized this was more than a hobby.” Even after several years of breeding and maintaining her 70head herd, she’s still always learning, she adds. “I try to take in what other breeders are doing, so I can continually grow,” Bergherm says. “I don’t do exactly what I see, but it helps me observe if anything’s changed and evaluate my own practices.” Today, Bergherm holds several clipping and showmanship clinics
30 - The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine
to help others who are beginning the Boer goat project. She covers topics like knowing the rules and standards, maneuvering smoothly in the ring, and focusing on the judge. However, she says, in order to compete well, that knowledge has to be put into action.
GETTING READY TO SHOW “You can never practice too much,” Bergherm advises. “Even if you have a pretend show at home with your parents as judges, it gives you an idea of what to expect.” Echoing Bergherm’s advice to practice at home, the Crabtrees say making sure you and your animal are both prepared to show will allow you to show off your goat’s best features. “Presenting an animal is definitely a team effort between you and the animal,” the Crabtrees said. “Knowing your animal’s strengths and weakness and the proper techniques to exploit or disguise these characteristics can give you a definite edge in the show ring.” The results of honing in on these skills are substantial, they continue. “A great showman can make a bad goat look good; a poor showman can make a good goat look bad. It really makes that big of a difference,” the Crabtrees said.
“Even if you only agree on a few points the judge makes about your animal, focus on these few things, accept them and make adjustments accordingly,” the Crabtrees said. Bergherm says many life lessons can be learned through losing – such as perseverance and goal setting. “To me, it’s not necessarily about placing first; it’s about pushing towards my next goal, and then building on that by setting more goals,” she says. As important as it is to stay gracious when you don’t place as high as you would’ve liked, it’s also vital to win humbly, the Crabtrees add. “Never take it for granted, and always take the time to give back and offer a hand when you recognize a need,” the Crabtrees said. They believe the future and the ethics of the industry is strongly tied to the individual people that make it up. “It’s important to take the time to help others. Show day is always very busy, but if we offer one random act kindness, the impact on the future of the industry will be positive and significant,” the Crabtrees said. Focus on these four areas – learning about showing, preparing for the ring, fitting to the maximum, and using constructive criticism to evaluate your progress. No doubt, it will bring the thrill and pride deserving of the hard work leading to show day.
To illustrate their point, the Crabtrees explain that the exhibitor’s smoothness in the ring and posture is all based upon how well that animal leads and how much he’s been worked with. “This will allow the judge to efficiently analyze your animal, and he will not lose interest while waiting on you to present your animal,” the Crabtrees said.
FITTING TO WIN When you’re going somewhere important, you focus on your appearance and highlight your best features. It’s no different with show animals. The Crabtrees explain: don’t underestimate the value of proper fitting. Highlighting the best parts of your animal is an honest way to give yourself an edge in the ring. Clipping animals to give them an extra “pop” will have a more dramatic effect on show performance than any other thing, they say. “It may only mean that you move from eighth to third, but have no doubt that a properly fitted animal will move you up the line,” the Crabtrees said.
IMPROVING THROUGH LOSS Even with knowledge, preparation and the best presentation, at the end of the day, everyone can’t be a winner. Although the last thing we want to hear is that the animal we bred, raised and readied for show isn’t as good as someone else’s, the Crabtrees offer advice for the next show. “Losses are never easy and it may take some practice to accept and apply criticism in a productive and meaningful way,” the Crabtrees said. “Through the years, we have learned the most important comments that a judge can offer is when your animal is standing in the back of the line and not in the front.” Setting your emotions aside and honestly evaluating the judge’s comments will allow you to improve, they continue. The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine - 31
by Darlene Baker
What is the value of breed standards? Wherever there are livestock associations, there are attempts to describe the ideal animal of a breed. Breed standards are the result of these attempts. They are guidelines for breeders to insure that the animals they produce conform to the defined characteristics of the breed. The show ring provides a venue where breeders can showcase the results of their programs and compete with other breeders. Judges evaluate animals in the show ring according to the breed standards. The American Boer Goat Association has two sets of standards, one for the Fullblood and Pure Bred Boer goats, and another for the Percentage Boer does. Since it is next to impossible to achieve perfection, each animal will have some combination of desirable and undesirable traits or characteristics. In order to define the perfect animal, it is necessary to define faults, or undesirable traits. Under ABGA Breed Standards, a fault is not a reason to remove a goat from the show line-up unless it is extreme. When a judge evaluates goats for placement he/she takes into consideration each goat’s faults. This is where a judge’s opinion comes into play. One judge may be more severe on head faults, while another may be more severe on body faults. The final line up will depend on the overall quality of each goat and which faults the judge believes are of less detriment to the breed. There is no black and white when evaluating faults, whether in the show ring, or on the farm. When choosing breeding stock, a producer will generally have a more narrow view than a judge evaluating goats in the show ring. Successful producers avoid the faults they believe would be detrimental to their individual program. Since different producers have different goals and different types of goats, the choice becomes a matter of personal preference and balancing the desirable traits against the undesirable traits. Lack of knowledge about breed standards can prevent people new to livestock from finding the best 32 - The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine
value for their investment and make it difficult for breeders to improve their programs. Disqualifications are specific undesirable traits that are listed in the breed standards. Any goat with a disqualifying trait is not eligible for judging in the show ring and should either be dismissed or removed to the bottom of the line-up. This is supposed to be a black and white, either/or area. With the exception of pigmentation, there are no gray areas and no room for individual opinions from the judge. The more faults an individual goat has, the less worthy it is of being placed high in the show line up, or being chosen as breeding stock by a producer. The worse an individual fault is, the more likely it will be considered a disqualification by the judge and reason for removal from the show line up. In the show ring, any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault) is a disqualification. For the breeder who is evaluating breeding stock, disqualifying characteristics need to be evaluated according to their individual programs and they are faced with the decision whether to risk setting back their program because they want a particular animal. The ABGA Breed Standards and Teat Structure Chart can be found on the website under the Breed Standards Tab, under Education. Tables of Faults and Disqualifications for both the Full Blood Boer Goat Breed Standards, and the Percentage Boer Doe Breed Standards are shown below. These tables can be useful when evaluating breeding stock to purchase, or when deciding which goats to put in the show string.
FULLBLOOD BOER GOATS The Fullblood Boer goat will have a prominent, strong head with brown eyes and a gentle appearance. The nose will have a gentle curve, the nostrils will be wide and the mouth will be well formed with wellopposed jaws. The forehead should be prominent and form an even curve linking the nose and horns. Horns should be dark, round, strong,
of moderate length, positioned well apart and have a gradual backward curve before turning outward symmetrically. Ears should be smooth of medium length and hang downward. The neck of moderate length will be in proportion with body length. Forequarters should be full, wellfleshed, and limbs well jointed and smoothly blended. The chest should be broad. Shoulders should be fleshy, well proportioned with the rest of the body and smoothly blended and fitted into the withers. Withers should be broad and well rounded and not sharp. Legs should be strong, well placed and in proportion with the depth of the body. Pastern joints should be strong and hooves well-formed and as dark as possible. The Fullblood Boer goat’s body should be boldly three-dimensional: long, deep and wide. Ribs should be well sprung. Loin should be well muscled, wide and long. The top line should be reasonably straight and strong and the shoulder well rounded with an abundance of muscle from shoulder through hip. The rump should be broad and long with a gentle slope. Britch and thighs should be well muscled and rounded. The base of the tail must be centered and straight. The remainder of the tail can curve upward or to one side. Legs should be strong and the leg should have a straight axis from the hip (pin bones) through the hock, fetlock, and pastern. Hoofs should be well-formed and as dark as possible. The skin should be loose and supple. Eyelids and other hairless areas must be pigmented. Hairless areas under the tail should be at least 75% pigmented: 100% is preferred. Short glossy hair is desirable. A limited amount of winter down or undercoat will be accepted during winter, especially in colder environments. Does should have well formed udders with good attachment with the number of functional teats not to exceed two per side. A split teat with two distinctly separated teats and openings with at least 50% of the body of teat separated is permissible but teats without a split
are preferred. It is most important that the udder is constructed so that the offspring are able to nurse unassisted. A. Kidding or Pregnancy Does must have kidded or exhibited pregnancy by 24 months of age. Bucks must have two large wellformed, functional, equal sized testes in a single scrotum with no more than a 2” split in the apex of the scrotum. TABLE 1 & 2
AMERICAN PERCENTAGE BOER DOES The American percentage Boer doe is a unique product that combines the more desirable characteristics of the indigenous goats of North America and other breeds with the genetic impact of the improved Boer goat. Producers should at all times strive to select and breed animals that exhibit a predominance of Boer goat conformation and production traits. In short, a percentage Boer doe should look and perform as much like a
1
FULLBLOOD & AMERICAN PUREBRED BOER GOAT FAULTS Head
Neck and Forequarters
Body
Hindquarters Skin and Covering
Concave forehead, straight horns, jaw too pointed, overshot or undershot jaw.
Neck and Forequarters
Concave or swayback, chest too narrow or shallow or flat, shoulders weakly attached, inadequate muscle through the back and loin, pinched heart girth.
Body
Hindquarters
Weak pasterns, straight pasterns, rump too steep, sickle-hocked, cow-hocked, post legs.
Skin and Covering
Hair too long or too coarse.
Reproductive Organs Does
Udder and teat abnormalities or defects to include but not limited to oversized or bulbous teats, pendulous udder.
Conformation
The typical Boer goat is white bodied with a red head, but no preference is given to any hair coloration or color pattern.
Head
Neck and Forequarters
Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault).
Body
Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault).
Hindquarters
Skin and Covering
Wry tail. Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault). Not enough skin pigmentation (less than 75% under the tail). Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault).
Reproductive Organs Does
Cluster teats, fishtail teats or a doe that has not kidded or exhibited signs of pregnancy by 24 months of age. Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault).
Reproductive Organs Buck
Single testicle, testicles too small, abnormal or diseased testes; excessive split in Scrotum (more than 2 inches). Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault).
Neck too short or too thin, shoulders too loose, and any structural foreleg, and muscle, bone, joint, or hoof deformities or abnormalities to include but not limited to knock knees, bandy legs, hooves pointing outward or inward, splay toes, buck knees, hollow leg, straight or weak pasterns. Concave or swayback, chest too narrow or shallow or flat, shoulders weakly attached, inadequate muscle through the back and loin, pinched heart girth. Weak pasterns, straight pasterns, rump too steep, sickle-hocked, cow-hocked, post legs. Hair too long or too coarse. Udder and teat abnormalities or defects to include but not limited to oversized or bulbous teats, pendulous udder.
Reproductive Organs Does
Udder and teat abnormalities or defects to include but not limited to oversized or bulbous teats, pendulous udder.
2
Blue eyes, ears folded lengthwise, short ears, parrot mouth or more than 1/4 of an inch under bite. Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault).
Horns too close, jaws too pointed, short ears.
Reproductive Organs Does
Coloration FULLBLOOD & AMERICAN PUREBRED BOER GOAT DISQUALIFICATIONS
3
PERCENTAGE BOER DOE FAULTS Head
Neck too short or too thin, shoulders too loose, and any structural foreleg, and muscle, bone, joint, or hoof deformities or abnormalities to include but not limited to knock knees, bandy legs, hooves pointing outward or inward, splay toes, buck knees, hollow legs, straight or weak pasterns.
fullblood improved Boer doe as possible. The percentage Boer doe should be feminine, yet strong and vigorous and symmetrical, with well-balanced muscling. She should be able to breed easily and have the conformation and constitution to easily raise fast growing animals. With certain exceptions, the standards for percentage Boer does will be identical to those required of fullblood or purebred animals. TABLE 3 & 4
The typical Boer goat is white bodied with a red head, but no preference is given to any hair coloration or color pattern.
PERCENTAGE BOER DOE DISQUALIFICATIONS
Head
Neck and Forequarters
Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault).
Body
Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault).
Hindquarters
Skin and Covering
Reproductive Organs Does
4
Blue eyes, ears folded lengthwise, short ears, parrot mouth or more than 1/4 of an inch under bite. Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault).
Wry tail. Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault). Not enough skin pigmentation (less than 50% under the tail). Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault). Cluster teats, fishtail teats or a doe that has not kidded or exhibited signs of pregnancy by 24 months of age. Any extreme occurrence of an undesirable trait (fault).
The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine - 33
ABGA
STAFF SPOTLIGHT
MARY ELLEN VILLARREAL, OFFICE OPERATIONS SUPERVISOR My name is Mary Ellen Villarreal and I have been employed with the American Boer Goat Association for a little over 7 years. I started as a temp in the proofing/registrations department and have advanced through my tenure with the association. My duties consist of monitoring the day-to-day operations of the ABGA Office as well assisting in departments that need help. Although my job consists of many duties, interacting with the membership on the phone, at the ABGA Office, and National Shows is one of my favorite things to do. It is always nice to put faces with names and personalities. For the first time in my employment with ABGA, I have the pleasure of working with a “very active and supportive” board of directors, which help makes my job easier. I have seen the ABGA go through many changes over the years and am very excited about the direction that its heading and look forward to the great things The American Boer Goat Association has in store for its membership.
ABGA BOARD
CANDIDATE BIOS
JESSE CORNELIUS, C4 CLUB GOATS | REGION 11 Jesse Cornelius of Nettleton, Miss., has been involved in the Boer goat industry since 1997; currently managing about 250 head, including breeding, show and commercial fullblood and percentage goats. Jesse has served on numerous ABGA committees including those for youth, National show, Ethics, National show sire selection, and the Executive Committee Director. Jesse is a seven-time ABGA National Show superintendent as well as a certified ABGA judge since 2007. Additionally, Jesse was appointed to the ABGA board in November 2013 to complete the term of the previous director. He has also been a charter member and president of the Mississippi Club Goat Association for 10 years. “I feel, as a board member, it is vital to communicate effectively with all members and receive input from them,” he says. “With the use of technology, there should be transparency within our organization for all members to know what is going on. The past six months have seen immense turmoil within our association. I feel that, as board members, we must be professional in our actions towards all members. We must listen to all sides of an issue and then make the decision that is best for the ABGA. I 34 - The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine
realize that we will not satisfy everyone all the time, but we must do what is best for our association. I think we need to continue to work to improve our junior association. I was recently appointed to a committee to lay the groundwork to establish a foundation by which the JABGA can receive tax deductible contributions. I feel this will be very positive for our junior members and allow us to support them more. We must strive to increase research to support the goat industry – in particular, problems dealing with internal parasites, marketing and establishing genetic measurement for industry vital traits. Our association is only what we as members make it. I look forward to continuing to support our industry and association.”
TRACY DIEFENBACH, AMARUGIA BOER GOATS REGION 10 Tracy Diefenbach of Drexel, Mo., has been an ABGA director for five years and Boer goat breeder for 13. She manages about 60 fullblood and percentage breeding and show goats. Tracy is also involved as a member on the Southwest Missouri Meat Goat Producers and Missouri Youth in Ag Committee.
JEFF GIBBS, AMARUGIA BOER GOATS | REGION 10 Jeff, his wife Chrystie, and their son, Logan, house about 40 head of registered does and 160 commercial does in Guthrie, Okla., along with their cow/calf operation. Their daughter and son-in-law, Lyndsey and Jason, are raising the Gibbs’ showman-intraining, Maddie. Jeff and his family have been in the Boer goat business since 2003, with Jeff serving on the ABGA Board of Directors for the past three years. Jeff says he can see the board evolving into one that understands that ABGA is a business and needs to be run as such, and feels he has a lot to offer in that aspect as a construction business owner. “I look forward to continuing the progress of the changes being made, including the new office building,” he says. “The changes the board made in the office have improved turn-around time on paperwork for members. The DNA testing, database being moved from Australia and being owned by ABGA, and the new member-friendly website are just a few of the things we’ve accomplished. We also are working to help the AGF possibly implement a goat checkoff for the goat industry, and we hope to get a youth foundation established that will help sustain the JABGA.”
MICKY LATIOLAIS, M&S CAJUN BOERS | REGION 11 Micky Latiolais of New Iberia, La., raises about 40 fullblood and percentage breeding and show Boer goats. Micky’s driving force for raising Boer goats the last eight years has been his children. He and his wife, Sue, have raised and shown livestock since they were children. He currently serves on the Louisiana Meat Goat Association Boer of Directors, focusing on promoting and developing the meat goat industry in the state. “We have an opportunity to make a difference every day,” he says. “This is an opportunity to give back and make a difference for our association. I’m excited about new ventures such as the proposed checkoff. This could mean great things for marketing and research. We need to focus on our youth and getting more kids involved for the future. That’s why I’m serving on the committee for the proposed junior commercial doe show. I’d like to reach out to Region 11 members and seek their input on issues that are important to us all. We all have a voice through our directors. I want to be that voice for Arkansas, Louisiana and Mississippi.”
CINDY PRICE-WESTFALL, REGION 14 Cindy Price-Westfall of Cable, Ohio, currently manages a herd of about 150 fullblood breeding and show Boer goats. Her leadership experience within the goat industry is extensive, with the following specific roles: managing member of the Ohio Reproductive Center, past president of the Clark County Goat Committee, member of the Ohio State Fair Boer Goat Livestock Committee, founding member for the Midwest Wether Goat Series and an ABGA National Show participant. “There have been a number of positive changes implemented for the ABGA over the past several months,” she says. “As the organization continues to grow and change, the membership has become very interested in remaining informed – so improved communications are needed. Currently available technologies, such a live video access to Board of Directors meetings, social media updates and instant messaging, would provide all members the ability to stay informed on topics of interest and business actions of the ABGA. As a small portion of the members are involved in the exposition of their animals at ABGA sanctioned shows, continued development of programs regarding research and development in the industry is needed. This will continue to expand the membership base and provide value outside of the sanctioned show circuit. The current youth programs offered by the JABGA have provided scholarship, leadership and showmanship opportunities to a numerous youth across the country. Expansion of the regional JABGA programs to provide more participation activities on a local level would be a great opportunity to involve more youth across the country that are involved in the industry, but on a local verses national level.”
CECIL SWEPSTON, BROKEN S RANCH | REGION 4 Cecil Swepston of Ft. Gibson, Okla., runs between 250 and 300 head of fullblood Boer and percentage breeding and show stock. As a current ABGA director and six-year Oklahoma Boer Goat Association member, Cecil says he initially became involved in raising Boer goats in an effort to control the brush in his area. “Once we made a commitment to the show industry, we sold most of our herd and began to try to produce Boers that we could feel competitive with,” he says. “The Boer got industry has been very rewarding to us and a wonderful family enjoyment. I am very enthused about the Boer Goat industry. I believe we’ve only scratched the surface as to where the industry can go and how sustainable it can become. I believe the ABGA must understand we are made up of common everyday people – people that are not necessarily in a full-time goat operation, people of all walks of life, careers and interests. People that have a few too many goats in their herds but are as serious The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine - 35
ABGA BOARD
CANDIDATE BIOS CONTINUED
about the wellbeing of the breed and as committed to the success of our association as they are interested in the industry. I believe the commercial breeders are relying on a successful ABGA more than they are committed to building a successful ABGA. On the other hand, I believe that a successful ABGA must be as interested in successful commercial breeders. After all, that is what we are all about, meat on the tables, and if we take care of that and use good judgment the ABGA will prosper. In closing, please let me say I am passionate about our breed and our association.”
JANIS WESSON, REGION 11
DUNROAMIN
BOER
GOATS
Janis Wesson of Crossett, Ark., has been a member of the ABGA . Before that, she raised percentage goats. She is especially interested in the youth and youth shows in Arkansas. She has served as the secretary/events organizer for the South East Arkansas Goat Producers Association from 2006 to 2013.
“With so many years of experience in the goat industry, and now the time requiring to be totally engaged, I believe I have a lot of offer the board, including ideas and advance the youth program,” she says.
EVIE GATES, REGION 4 Evie Gates is a native Oklahoman who believes that persistence and determination will take a person where they want to go. Evie started to show meat goats when she was around 6 years old and found that they were animals with depth and personality. She started Platinum Boers in 2008, and has had a lot of success in showing and raising boer goats. Evie’s plans are to continue to raise and show meat goats while in college, attend NEO with a major in Animal Science, and finish her studies at OSU after she graduates. Evie was elected for 4 years to serve on the JABGA BOD in Region 2 as the Reporter. While on the JABGA BOD she was instrumental in developing the JABGA Regional Shows that are now in place. Evie was the Chairman of the JABGA Leadership Conference two years in a row. As part of the JABGA National show committee they planned many events and raised funds. Evie developed the Oklahoma Junior Boer Goat Association in 2013 and is working hard to help it grow.
3TQXGP 6JQY HGGF
Evie has the leadership and capabilities to add to the ABGA and where it is going:
Kaylie Stone Grand Champion Market Goat 2013 AR State Fair
Dillon McNickle Reserve Grand Champion Market Goat 2013 AK-SAR-BEN
“Our evolving and changing board is looking toward a bright future with innovative plans that will propel our ever increasing membership and diversity of a breed we all care so much about. I would appreciate your confidence in allowing me to represent you. MoorMan’s® ShowTec® Elite Goat DC No. 80941MPS MoorMan’s ShowTec AminoGain® Goat DC No. 81667MPS
Makenna Greenwald Grand Champion Market Goat 2013 WY State Fair
Skyler Scotten Grand Champion Market Goat 2013 American Royal
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I am asking the members of Region 4 to please vote for me, Evie Gates. I will bring information, encourage participation, reach out, share knowledge with others, and will dedicate my time to what needs to be done in a professional and courteous manner. If there is any other information I may provide, please ask.”
BREEDER’S
HILLSIDE STOCK FARM
, owned by Rodney and Lori Meyer, is located in Chebanse, Illinois. They have four children: Madelyn, Marshall, Maya and Macy. Their farm was started in 1899, and has remained in the family. Hillside Stock Farm initially began as a dairy farm, transitioned to a sow farm in the early 1980s, and in 2005 they began raising Boer goats. They produce show wethers, breeding does and local ethnic meat. They answer a few questions about their operation. Macy Meyer showed HSFG Hillside Miss Skeeter at the 2013 NAILE in Louisville, KY.
By Robyn Scherer, M.Agr.
1. HOW DID YOU GET STARTED IN THE BOER GOAT INDUSTRY? Rodney grew up showing hogs, and when we bought the farm we wanted something that the kids could show. We thought the Boer goats would be something that would be easier for them to handle, and something that we wanted to start out with them and they could grow their herd and built up from there. We started off with a herd of six commercial Boer crosses, and have built up our herd from there.
with bone and mass, and that’s hard to get with colored Boer goats. 4. WHAT ARE SOME OF THE CHALLENGES YOU HAVE FACED, AND WHAT DID YOU DO TO OVERCOME THEM?
2. HOW MANY GOATS DO YOU HAVE, AND WHAT DO YOU USE THEM FOR? Today, we have six bucks and around 60 head of breeding does. We have a mixture of a few different goats from wether style to fullbloods. We have a spring sale each year where we sell show wethers, and last year the 2013 Illinois State Fair Land of Lincoln Grand Champion Wether came from that sale.
There wasn’t a lot of information out there in our area when we started. We have made great friends all over, but even for shots or medicines or that type of thing, it was difficult. That’s why today we give help to whoever needs it. There are some other industries, when you go to ask, sometimes people don’t want to share information with you. We do it because we want to help the kids because we believe they are our future. We are here to help with the kids or people who are new to goats. the value of the Boer goat, and helping to overcome the attitude that “It’s just a goat.” The value of these animals to the world population is widely underestimated.
Our four children also show goats. The two younger children are four year old twin girls, and this last year was their first year showing by themselves. We show at our local shows as well as bigger shows such as NAILE.
5. WHAT ADVICE DO YOU HAVE FOR YOUNG PRODUCERS GETTING INTO THE BOER GOAT INDUSTRY?
3. WHAT IS YOUR FAVORITE PART ABOUT RAISING BOER GOATS? We really enjoy working with local human kids, and seeing them progress and succeed. We have seen that both in the kids that we sell to and our kids. We started our own kids when they were a year and a half old, and they would hold the lead with me. Then they were by my side, and now they can all show on their own. We also do a lot of seminars and showmanship classes for the local students, and we like working with them and helping them out as much as possible. We have a clinic at our house each June where we allow the kids who purchased goats from us to bring them back and have a hands on experience with fitting, showmanship, and anything else that they need. We are also very proud of our homegrown stock. HSFG Hillside Hitmans Dark Mark is an all-black fullblood buck that we raised, and we have several kids from him now. He throws blacks and reds, and they are very consistent 38 - The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine
What we have told a lot of the kids if first you need figure out if you want to start off with commercial or show stock, and then go from there. If you want to show, shop around and try to find the best animals that you can afford. Another thing that we think is important in to know your herd. You need to physically go out there every day and know what is going on with them. They all have different personalities, and you need to pay attention to their overall health. You need to know what’s going on with your goats all the time. They need to have fresh, clean water, and that’s a big thing that seems kind of silly but it’s true. When they are drinking more, their gut gets going. We definitely make sure they have loose minerals as well. I think that makes a difference too. To learn more about Hillside Stock please visit www.hillsideboergoats.com.
Farm,
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40 - The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine
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PIT KEMMER, AUCTIONEER 931-335-4628 www.kemmerranch.com
TEXAS
The ABGA Boer Goat Magazine - 41
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