Architectural Education Awards Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture & The American Institute of Architects
The Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA) is a non profit organization founded in 1912 to enhance the quality of architectural education. School membership in ACSA has grown from ten charter schools to over 250 schools in several membership categories. Through these schools, over 5,000 architecture faculty are represented in ACSA’s membership. In addition, over 500 supporting members composed of architectural firms, product associations, and individuals add to the breadth of ACSA membership. ACSA, unique in its representative role for professional schools of architecture, provides a major forum for ideas on the leading edge of architectural thought. Issues that will affect the architectural profession in the future are being examined today in ACSA member schools.
Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture 1735 New York Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20006 Tel: 202.785.2324 Fax: 202.628.0448 www.acsa-arch.org
The American Institute of Architects (AIA) is the voice of the architectural profession and the resource for its members in service to society. Since 1857, the AIA has represented the professional interests of America’s architects. As AIA members, more than 80,000 licensed architects, emerging professionals, and allied partners express their commitment to excellence in design, sustainability, and livability in our nation’s buildings and communities. Members adhere to a code of ethics and professional conduct that assures the client, the public, and colleagues of an AIA member architect’s dedication to the highest standards in professional practice. Visit www.aia.org to learn more.
The American Institute of Architects 1735 New York Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20006 Tel: 202.626.7300 Fax: 202.626.7547 www.aia.org
Copyright © 2009 The Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture ISBN 978-0-935502-72-5 All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture.
contents ACSA/AIA Topaz Medallion
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ACSA Distinguished Professor
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ACSA Collaborative Practice
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ACSA/AIAS New Faculty Teaching
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ACSA Creative Achievement
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ACSA Faculty Design
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ACSA/AIA Housing Design Education
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Journal of Architectural Education
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AIA Education Honor
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Jury
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2008-2009 ACSA Awards
RAVINE HOUSE, Grace La, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee & James Dallman, La Dallman Architects
Each year the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture honors architectural educators for exemplary work in areas such as building design, community collaborations, scholarship, and service. The award-winning professors inspire and challenge students, contribute to the profession’s knowledge base, and extend their work beyond the borders of academy into practice and the public sector.
The Topaz Medallion is the highest award given to architectural educators. It honors an individual who has made outstanding contributions to architectural education for at least a decade, whose teaching has influenced a broad range of students, and who has helped shape the minds of students who will shape our environment. The award is given through nominations that are reviewed by a jury of accomplished architects, educators, and students, appointed by the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture, The American Institute of Architects, and the American Institute of Architecture Students.
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ACSA/AIA Topaz Medallion
Topaz Medallion for Excellence in Architectural Education, a joint award given by the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture and The American Institute of Architects.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Adèle Naudé Santos, FAIA
Before her appointment as MIT School of Architecture + Planning dean in 2004, Santos was a professor at the University of California, Berkeley, College of Environmental Design, where her academic focus was on blending residential and environmental design. Her interdisciplinary courses encouraged architecture, landscape, and urban design students to collaborate and address unsolved problems in the urban environment. Before Berkeley, she was the founding dean at the UC San Diego School of Architecture and professor of architecture and urban design at the University of Pennsylvania, where she was also chair of the architecture department for six years. She also taught at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design and at Rice University. She has been a visiting professor at the University of Virginia, Miami University (Ohio), Harvard, Rice, and Columbia, as well as a studio master/critic at the University of Cape Town in her native nation, South Africa. In 2002, she was a resident at the American Academy in Rome. “During my entire career, I have combined teaching and practice,” Santos says. “There has always been a cross-fertilization between the two, and, at their best, both teaching and practice have been a form of research. The balance between the two has been an important stimulus to my creativity as a teacher and to my professional work and role as an administrator. Even now, as dean at MIT, I have a small practice, which I find an essential creative outlet, and I continue to teach.”
ACSA/AIA Topaz Medallion
A force of nature “For her entire working lifetime, she has been like a force of nature in architectural education and practice, inevitable and irresistible,” writes Edward Allen, FAIA, the 2005 Topaz Medallion recipient, in his letter of support. A holistic approach In addition to her academic work, Santos is principal architect in the San Francisco-based firm, Santos Prescott and Associates. Her architectural and planning projects include affordable and luxury housing and institutional buildings in Africa; affordable housing in Japan; the Institute of Contemporary Art in Philadelphia; the Center for the Arts at Albright College, Reading, Pa.; the Yerba Buena Gardens Children’s Center in San Francisco; City Links, A Vision Plan for San Diego; and Franklin/LaBrea Affordable Housing in Hollywood, Calif. Santos takes a holistic approach to architecture. Her belief that architecture transcends accommodation of programmatic requirements to also satisfy the human spirit has resulted in buildings that are characterized by abundant natural light, connections to nature, and innovative spatial arrangements.
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ACSA Distinguished Professor Awards To recognize sustained creative achievement in the advancement of architectural education through teaching, design, scholarship, research, or service.
shared garden
shared garden
a typical unit’s facad
c o r r i d o r t o w o r k s h o p l o o k i n g dcoow r rni da otr t h oewl o rbkbs h yop looking down at the lobby
jan feb mar apr may june july aug sept jan feb oct mar nov dec apr may june july aug sept oct nov dec apple asparagus
roof for agriculture and outdoor activities
beet
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cabbage carrot cauliflower celery cucumber operable awning for ventilation
eggplant garlic
l aminated glass with 2” air gap
leek
lamin
panelized glass railing
lettuce lemon movable panel for shading
onions
epper
green bell pepper
pper
color bell pepper
d i f f u s e r grating on air channel c o n nected to HVAC system
diffuser grati connecte
concrete slab on steel decking
spinach squash inner street entrance
strawberry tomato yam g r e e n h o u s e a n n u a l p r o d u c t i ognr e e n h o u s e a n n u a l p r o d u c t i o n (courtesy of kiva market)
Winter: large thermal mass, radiation is accumulated during daytime and released during the night
green houses function as a natural ventilation mechanism in which fresh air is drawn through their vents and distributed throughout the hallway
forced solar collector system drawing northeast wind into the units through operable windows
forced solar collector system
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large thermal mass defining each unitG creating opportunities for heat storage G during winter
forced solar collector system
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hot water pipe from the solar collectors to each apt’s hot water tank
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work units / retail using chilled beam system
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work units / retail using G chilled beam system
forced solar collector system
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rain water used for green houses
rain water used for green houses
cold water pipe G
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apt’s hot water tank
apt’s hot water tank
grey water treament system
+ cooling ( w i n t e r + s uhmem ae t i rn)g + c o o l i n g ( w i n t e r + s u m mneart)u r a l r e s o u r c e s
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rainwater for rainwater domestic + for domesirrigation usage tic and irrigation usage
hot water pipe from the solar collectors to each apt’s hot water tank
open plan on the ground floor allows cross ventilation
section b
rainwater for rainwater domestic + for domesirrigation usage tic and irrigation usage
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cold water pipe
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manually operable windows to reduce electricity usage
drawing northeast wind into the unitsG through operable windows
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large thermal mass defining each unit creating opportunities for heat storage during winter
workshop’s second level
( c ourtesy of kiva market)
section b
n a t u r a l r e s o u rw ce ast e r c o n s e r v a t i o n
w a ter conservation
grey water treament system
workshop’s second level
tower’s roof top
t o w e r ’ s r o o f tw op orkshop sec
University of Oregon
Howard Davis
Howard Davis’s work is concerned with the social and cultural frameworks of building production. He studied architecture as a graduate student at Berkeley and began his career working with Christopher Alexander on innovative housing projects, leading to his interest in understanding the social and cultural contexts within which building production happens. His book The Culture of Building is an account of how the people that produce the built world—architects, clients, developers, craftsmen, contractors, suppliers, zoning officials—have changed their roles over time and thereby affected the shape of our cities. Howard Davis has carried out projects and research in Mexico, India, Israel, Nepal, China, Thailand, Japan, the UK and other countries. He is associated with Rowell Brokaw Architects in Eugene, with whom he works on projects involving housing and campus planning. Davis is co-editor of Buildings & Landscapes: Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum, has been active in the ACSA, serving on the JAE Editorial Board and as co-chair of the international meeting in Hong Kong,; and has presented numerous papers at conferences on vernacular architecture, urban history and urban form. Howard Davis teaches studios at various levels, including advanced studios that involve buildings with hybrid programs in dense urban contexts. He also teaches courses on issues of place and culture in architecture, vernacular architecture, and urban buildings.
ACSA Distinguished Professor
His new book, Living Over the Store: Architecture and Local Urban Life is a cross-cultural account of the history and future of buildings that combine commercial and residential uses. It will be published by Princeton Architectural Press in 2010.
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University of Houston2008
Rafael Longoria
Rafael Longoria is Professor of Architecture at the University of Houston and a principal of Longoria/Peters, a Houston-based architecture and urban design firm. He is a founding editor of AULA: Architecture and Urbanism in Las Américas, and has served on the editorial boards of The Journal of Architectural Education, Cite, Center, and the Rice University Press. The Green Braid: Towards an Architecture of Ecology, Economy, and Equity, a book he edited with Kim Tanzer, was published by Routledge in 2007 as the first volume of the ACSA Publications series. His architectural work has been published in Progressive Architecture, Architecture, Competitions, Lotus International (Italy), Controspazio (Italy), On Diseño (Spain), Arquitectura (Mexico), Cite, and Texas Architect. More than most university professors, architectural educators have the possibility of integrating teaching and creative/research agendas with community service. Over the last two decades, Longoria has excelled at this fusion—actively participating in the debate over the fast-evolving built environments of his part of the world with his writing, professional activities, and student projects. He has received multiple teaching, service, and design awards from a diversity of sources, including most recently the William Bremmond Visionary Award from the Black United Fund of Texas for his work on behalf of some of Houston’s oldest and most threatened African-American neighborhoods. In 2003, he was inducted to Mexico’s Academia Nacional de Arquitectura.
ACSA Distinguished Professor
Additionally, he is active in multiple non-profit boards in his community, including being the founding president of WonderWorks, a thriving Houston-based organization that provides quality after-school and Summer arts education programs to high school students.
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California State Polytechnic University, Pomona ACSA Distinguished Professor
Judith Sheine
Judith Sheine is Professor and Chair in the Department of Architecture at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona. She has taught there since 1989 and previously taught at UCLA and NYIT. She has been recognized as the leading authority on the work of the architect R.M. Schindler; her publications include R.M. Schindler (Phaidon Press, 2001), “R.M. Schindler: Works and Projects” and 2G #7, “R.M. Schindler: 10 Houses” (both for Editorial Gustavo Gili, 1998), and R.M. Schindler: Composition and Construction (Academy Editions, 1993), which she co-edited with Lionel March. She won an Architectural Record House Award (1995) for the Sarli house, which was published internationally, including in GA Houses #44 (Tokyo, Japan, Dec. 1994) and Arquitectura Viva (Madrid, Spain, November/December, 1996). Her work won a First Prize in the Civic Innovations Competition (199495), an Honorable Mention in the Affordable Living/Building a City of Neighbors Competition (1992) and Second Prize in the New Urban Housing Design Competition (1992). She also worked on a number of community-based projects, including the Watts/Willowbrook Boys and Girls Club and Comunidad Cambria, which won the1998 Project of the Year from the Southern California Association for Non-Profit Housing. She has served as Chair of her Department since 2002, as West Region Director of ACSA (1998-2001), two terms on the JAE Editorial Board (1998-2001, 2006-08), has been on the Executive Board of the Friends of the Schindler House since 1996 and a member of the Hollywood Design Advisory Committee for Los Angeles City Council District #13 since 1999.
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ACSA Collaborative Practice Awards
To recognize programs that demonstrate how faculty, students, and community/civic clients work to realize common objectives.
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Often overlooked or looked down upon, the mobile home is an important but under-appreciated housing type that serves a wide range of residents. Since the mid-1900s, mobile homes and manufactured housing have been mass produced to provide a solution to low-cost housing; however, in doing so, several important factors that make a house a home have been overlooked. Unimaginative aesthetic and spatial design combined with inefficient energy strategies and poor construction techniques define the major shortcomings common in the industry. Such conditions make these homes difficult to maintain, often leading to disrepair and abandonment. In response to common misconceptions related to trailers and the stereotypes of the people who live in them, the TrailerWrap project (TW) set out to provide simple and affordable solutions to improve the spatial quality and energy efficiency typically found in conventional manufactured housing. An overarching goal was to sensitize young designers to community needs through a real-world experience that shows them how, after graduation, they can use their skills to help improve housing for lowincome households. It not only exposed students to the problems, but also showed them how their work can make a difference.
ACSA Collaborative Practice
University of Colorado
Peter Schneider, Michael Hughes, Willem Van Vliet,& Bruce Wrightsman
Design Outreach: The TrailerWrap Project
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University of Tennessee
Project SEED is an ongoing relationship between the University of Tennessee College of Architecture and Design and the Tennessee State Parks. Under this umbrella a variety of projects have been undertaken. These range from the use of upcoming park projects as studio assignments to full fledged design|build efforts. With each collaboration teams and goals are reformed to address the particular challenges presented. Yet, the projects are united by certain visions and beliefs – that to design and build in the most environmentally progressive manner possible is both a responsibility and a potential source of poetry; that public buildings, with their stewardship of public funds, natural resources, and cultural resources provide a powerful statement about the culture to which we aspire; and that when architectural ideals confront pragmatic concerns students are presented with intense learning opportunities.
ACSA Collaborative Practice
Ted Shelton
SEED: Designing for Tennessee’s State Parks
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University of British Columbia
The work of a community outreach studio comprised of a group of students from UBC School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture and their professor, Inge Roecker a German/Canadian architect. The project in focus was the creation of a centre for health and wellness, specifically designed for women, which was achieved after a year of dedicated work. The work itself was performed in a sequence of three semesters: research seminar, design studio and construction workshop. The team of students, alumni and professionals were committed to building the centre in the heart of the Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside – Canada’s most impoverished neighbourhood. The centre consists of: a pharmacy for women, a nurse and doctor’s office, a facility for naturopathic treatment and a new home for a women’s health collective. Especially noteworthy, is the successful collaboration that occurred between students and the community throughout the project, as most of the construction in the city is currently focused on the coming Olympics and related development. The centre is as equally for the women of the neighbourhood as it is for all women of the city.
ACSA Collaborative Practice
Inge Roecker
Lu’s Pharmacy
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University of Michigan
ACSA Collaborative Practice
Craig L. Wilkins
Studio:DetroitHS Studio:DetroitHS is an integrated architectural exploration program designed for highly motivated high school students traditionally underrepresented in the field. It is a unique opportunity for interested Detroit area juniors and seniors to learn about and explore the possibilities of a career as an architect. Despite a history in the building professions that dates back to the 17th century, African-Americans are still extremely under-represented in the study and practice of architecture. Experts in the field have concluded that in general, students of color often don’t receive the same exposure to the profession of architecture and therefore simply don’t recognize it as a career option. This is especially true in Detroit, where there’s only 1 high school out of 34 in the entire city that has an architectural curriculum. Studio:DetroitHS is a semester-long course, meeting twice a week for 2½ hours each, for 16 students. The curriculum is designed to encourage individual exploration and creative growth by helping each student to develop a high level of problem-solving ability through practical design applications, taking a hands-on approach to the study of architecture through the integration of studio work, educational field trips, seminars and lectures. Strategies for introduction, recruitment and retention at the high school level include, but are not limited to: • Design Studio: Students work both collaboratively and individually in an open office-like environment with instructors, professional, visitors, mentors and each other to produce architectural ideas, drawings, models and projects. • Office, University and City Tours: Students tour Detroit and travel to Chicago to spend a weekend doing the same. In addition, students visit 3 of the 4 schools of architecture in the area to talk with students, advisors, and administrators about the school and its program. • Mentors: We assist students to develop supportive and tutorial ties between future and existing professionals. The primary goals of Studio:DetroitHS are to 1) expose AfricanAmerican youth to the profession of architecture and thereby increase the number choosing to pursue careers as architects and 2) serve the under-represented communities of the Detroit Metro area through the provision of educational and architectural services.
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ACSA/AIAS New Faculty Teaching Awards Granted jointly by the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA) and the American Institute of Architecture Students (AIAS) for demonstrated excellence in teaching performance during the formative years of an architectural teaching career.
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University of Kentucky
Karen Lewis
Karen Lewis is an Assistant Professor of Architecture at the University of Kentucky whose design research examines the intersection of graphic and infrastructural systems. Recent projects include Stock Exchange, an analysis, exhibition and proposal for the Bluegrass Stockyard, the largest stockyard East of the Mississippi River; Yellowtown, an examination of the relationship between signage, urban development and race; and Start / Gap, which visualizes human trafficking patterns and proposes ways to interrupt this exchange. Since joining the faculty at University of Kentucky, Professor Lewis’s work has been recognized in several international design competitions. In 2005 Professor Lewis and her team were selected as finalists for the design of the Flight 93 9/11 Memorial Landscape in Somerset, PA. 110% Juice, a collaborative design for an off-shore wind farm in Cape Cod, was recognized by the Boston Society of Architects. Most recently, Professor Lewis was awarded the ACSA New Faculty Teaching Award. Professor Lewis began a professional practice, Influx Studio, with Jason Kentner, Professor of Landscape Architecture at the Ohio State University. Influx Studio’s first project, a 60-acre Ohio corn farm, will be completed spring 2009.
ACSA/AIAS New Faculty Teaching
Professor Lewis holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Architecture from Wellesley College and a Master of Architecture degree from the Harvard Graduate School of Design.
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Arizona State University ACSA/AIAS New Faculty Teaching
Thomas J. Morton
Currently an assistant professor in the School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture at Arizona State University, I have the privilege and challenge of teaching the entire history of architecture. Before arriving at ASU in 2005, I taught in the Art Department at Swarthmore College. Trained as an art and architectural historian, I received my B.A. in art history with honors from Penn State and earned my Ph.D. in the history of art from the University of Pennsylvania. During graduate school I participated in the summer archaeological program at the American Academy of Rome and worked in the Division of Education at the Philadelphia Museum of Art. Specializing in the architecture and urbanism of the Roman Empire, I have conducted archaeological fieldwork in Tunisia and Italy. I was a member of the Jerba (Tunisia) archaeological survey project for four years including its last two as the assistant director. In addition, I have participated in archaeological field projects in Carthage (Tunisia) and at Villa Magna (Italy). To conduct my research, I have earned numerous fellowships including a Fulbright to Tunisia. Further, I have presented my research at various international venues and numerous essays are in the process of being published. Jerba Studies will be published by the Journal of Roman Archaeology this spring. While invited to initiate an architectural and archaeological study of the ancient site of Pautalia in Bulgaria, I have decided to continue my research on Roman urbanism in North Africa. This research is leading to a book-length manuscript.
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ACSA/AIAS New Faculty Teaching California Polytechnic State University, SanLuis Obispo
Stephen J. Phillips
Stephen Phillips, AIA, Ph.D. is principal architect in the California firm Stephen Phillips Architects (SPARCHS) with active residential, housing, and restaurant projects in San Diego, San Francisco, and Los Angeles. He has taught at the University of California Berkeley; the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA); the Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc); and the California College of the Arts (CCA). He is an Assistant Professor of Design at Cal Poly in San Luis Obispo, where he serves as an active member of the Executive Committee of the Academic Senate, Director of the Hearst Lecture Series, and Chair of the Academic Senate Instruction Committee. His work in the offices of SPARCHS, MRY, SMWM, and WTA/TGH has been published in Architecture, Architecture Record, International Design, Sunset, Home and 7x7 magazines; projects have received Honor, Merit, and AIA awards. His architecture projects and competition designs, including the T+M House (Zeit + Bewegung) and Spacescraper (SPARCHS) have been exhibited at Cornell University in New York City and the MuseumsQuartier in Vienna. Professor Phillips received his BA with Distinction in Architecture from Yale University, and his MArch with the Paul Phillipe Cret Award for best studio thesis from the University of Pennsylvania. In June 2008, Phillips received his Ph.D. from Princeton University School of Architecture, where he received several awards including a University Fellowship and served on the President’s Advisory Committee on Architecture. His dissertation research titled Elastic Architecture: Frederick Kiesler’s Research Practice—A Study of Continuity in the Age of Modern Production critically examines the impact of 20th century perceptions of media and technology on modern design through focused analysis of work by the Austrian-American architect Frederick Kiesler, among others. Professor Phillips publishes and lectures on modern and contemporary art, architecture, and urban design internationally, which includes chapters in Cold War Hothouses and Surrealism and Architecture, in addition to articles in Elemente, Brownbook, and Thi3ty 4our magazines. Phillips was co-organizer of the recent Temporalism conference and exhibition in New York City, which he is working towards publishing as a book.
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CA
ACSA Creative Achievement Awards In recognition of a specific achievement or series of achievements in teaching, design, scholarship, research, or service that advances architectural education.
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Clemson University
Robert Miller
The MINImuseum of Richard McMahan was an exhibition of over 1100 works of miniature art in the Piccolo Spoleto Invitational Exhibition (16 May-30 June 2008). Curated by the Halsey Institute of Contemporary Art and set in the Addlestone Library at the College of Charleston, the exhibition was designed and built in one semester by the Clemson Architecture Center in Charleston (CAC.C). A savant who considers himself an art historian as well as an artist, McMahan has spent the last 18 years making miniature reproductions of the masterworks of Western art. This show was the first to make public his vast collection. Ten students and two professors mapped and organized the works; then designed and built a single snaking wall to contain and showcase them. One side of the wall presented pre-modern works in niches and small cabinets; modern works were arranged linearly in the other continuous side. Pieces that did not fit neatly into art-historical classification, such as the action figures William Shakespeare and Barbarella, were placed in their own realm on top. To make those wall-top works accessible, six viewing stations (complete with binoculars) were mounted onto existing railings around the rotunda. Viewers on the ground level were given magnifying glasses.
ACSA Creative Achievement
The vast scope and high quality of the project was made possible by converting CAD files, used to make laser models of the project, to CNC files. A friction-fit assembly system became the basis of an internal structural skeleton. Approximately 16,000 pounds of medium density fiberboard were processed.
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ACSA Creative Achievement
University of Utah
Ryan E. Smith
Assembling Architecture Studio (A_A_Studio) Assembling Architecture Studio (A_A_Studio) is a research based graduate design course that provided an opportunity for students to collaborate with industry in order to innovate. Each student was teamed with one of the following local manufacturer or fabricator in the Salt Lake region: architectural resin panel manufacturer, architectural stone cladding fabricator, lumber truss fabricator, architectural wood panel manufacturer, aluminum extruder, sheet metal fabricator, concrete precaster, brick manufacturer, structural steel fabricator, and carbon fiber composite manufacturer and fabricator. Students were encouraged to work collaboratively with a specific individuals assigned to the studio from the companies. Students visited their fabricator repeatedly to develop an understanding of the following process topics: market target, collaboration and integration of disciplines, economies of scale, economies of scope, flexibility and adaptability, standardization and customization, labor, transportation and delivery restrictions, tolerance and precision, waste and sustainable practice, and material flow analysis. The intention of the research was to focus on discovering information that could lead to innovative products that the companies may produce in the future. Students were to discover a place in the production flow that could be interrupted to manipulate the output to serve an architectural end. In addition, students evaluated potential uses for the process to develop an entirely new product for architecture. The research was transferred to application in an architectural project. The projects and sites were chosen based upon their opportunity to exploit the suggested products. An example is the study of wood frame truss manufacturing which led to the development of quickly erected, temporary and recyclable interpretive centers that serve as construction fencing for a seven year reconstruction project in downtown. By studying the process of building production students were able to reverse the order of operations and discover creative solutions to social questions. This course is now being developed into an externally funded semester long technology intensive experience in which students will collaborate with national fabricators and firms focusing on prefabrication process in architecture. Project by Hunter Gundersen, collaborating fabricator is Burton Lumber in Salt Lake City
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Iowa State University
Mitchell Squire
Mitchell Squire, Associate Professor, Iowa State University, is awarded for his positive and stimulating influence upon students through his full semester course, Craft and Crafty Action: On the Relationship between Creativity and Mischief. He successfully integrates into a dialogue that almost exclusively holds craft as a material concern a theory that craft of circumstance might be paramount if ones material work is to be realized as a pivot upon which culture turns. Introduced to a set of characteristics displayed by a diverse range of mythological protagonists attempting to make a way in the world (Hermes, Coyote, Eshu and Loki, etc.), students develop a new framework for viewing the lives and works of architectural icons of the past and present in search of parallel forms of craftiness. The class utilizes historical narratives, documentary films and mainstream media resources, and promotes modes of delivery from conventional research papers and group presentations to video production, dramatic performances and artifact research. Students are ultimately encouraged to expand their search beyond the discipline to unpack a cadre of cultural figures from the worlds of fashion, art, politics, entertainment, business, science and music who have at times through crafty means mastered the complex circumstances of their creative practice.
ACSA Creative Achievement
Admittedly a bit offbeat when compared to most architectural courses, the intent behind Squire’s mixing of storytelling, mythology, historical narrative, and creative fabulation is strengthened by his position that students can thereby enter into the kind of critical thinking and deep curiosity about the world that is portable across disciplines and beneficial for a lifetime.
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ACSA Faculty Design Awards
To represent theoretical investigations advancing the general understanding of the discipline of architecture. The awards recognize exemplary built and unbuilt work that reflect upon practice and research.
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University of Nebraska
The Hannover Tram stations initiate a passion for, and commitment to “architectural types in need” as the reclamation of sophistication for an average architecture which so deeply impacts our every day quality of life. The project started as an invitation to a competition and as a salvation of conscience for the client, who took on a previous job of an exclusive office tower away from us, only to give it to Frank Gehry in attempts to have him make it cool, what the client believed he as opposed to us could do. We knew that even if we would win the competition, we would very likely never build it, which equipped us with a high level of creative freedom, that we pleasurably took advantage of in dedicating unconventional quality to short occupancy human event based space. Former peer recognitions certified us, having been the origin of success for winning the competition and building the project. Among other awards, the “award for metal roofs and facades” was given to our project, as opposed to Gehry’s New Zollhof in Düsseldorf, according to the jury because of the consistency of a cool concept, development and execution. Not that Frank would care or even notice, but for me as a young architect, it was an initial lesson that is continuously forwarded to our students: if they want, there is a place in close reach out there for them between the so prevalent avant-garde high “starchitecture” and the mainstream low “mediocrchitecture.”
ACSA Faculty Design
Martin Despang
Tram stations
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University at Buffalo & North Carolina State University ACSA Faculty Design
Laura Garofalo & David Hill
Threading Water: Relief Housing and Estuary Regeneration Threading Water recognizes the current need for sustainable and rapidly-deployable post-disaster housing. Natural disasters and community rehabilitation have become crucial environmental and social topics worldwide, and changing global weather conditions have imposed a demanding task on the design fields. Hurricane Katrina and the Indian Ocean tsunamis, for instance, have clearly articulated the need for quick response in providing well-designed, temporary housing that will allow displaced residents to return to their communities. As proposed by the brief of the “What If New York City� Post-Disaster Housing Design Competition� , even a category 3 hurricane would likely cause catastrophic damage to manmade structures close to the waterline. We believe such an event can also provide the impetus to remediate the struggling estuarine ecosystems of urban shorelines. This proposal provides a solution for people displaced by hurricanes as well as regeneration of a shoreline ecology nearly eliminated by two centuries of industrialization. Around New York City, the Hudson and East Rivers have lost much of what was once a thriving wetland habitat for shellfish, sea grasses, and aquatic and aerial wildlife. Threading Water is NOT a temporary solution, but rather a continual process of renewal and replacement that aims to reinvigorate the shoreline ecology, culture, and economy by breaking down the boundary between land and water. The design proposes a rapidly deployed, mass-produced and pre-fabricated system of environmentally responsible housing. Prefabricated panelized housing components are and delivered to an undamaged port facility along the Eastern Seaboard where they are assembled into living units. Gantry cranes group the units into highdensity temporary housing on a shipping barge. The barge neighborhoods are then delivered to the disaster site and docked (fully operational) within days rather than weeks. This allows residents to immediately return to their shore bound neighborhoods, if not their homes. By siting the temporary housing ofshore unobstructed debris removal and permanent housing reconstruction on land is facilitated allowing for a rapid return to permanent housing. The system also allows the mobilization of a large population of relief workers without actually transporting them to the site reducing the strain on the limited resources of a disaster area. The clearing operation is focused on sorting debris for appropriate reuse, reducing disposal to a minimum. The organic material is appropriated to regenerate green spaces, while the concrete and stone is placed in the water along the pier threads to provide a foundation for the estuarine habitat. Toxin free construction rubble is a good alternative substrates for oyster restoration and fishery repletion efforts. This will lead to reintroducing salt marsh plants that are an exceptional regenerative ecosystem. 47
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University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee/ La Dallman Architects ACSA Faculty Design
Grace E. La & James Dallman,
RAVINE HOUSE (aka Levy House) This post-tensioned concrete and steel-clad residence sits atop one of the deep ravines feeding into Lake Michigan (the second largest of the U.S.’s Great Lakes watershed). Traditional homes lie to the north, northeast, and west of the house. The wooded ravine stretches to the south and south east, dropping dramatically some seventy feet to the lake’s edge below. The sculptural characteristics of land form -- the conditional, restless realm of geology and fluvial systems -- provide inspiration for the design. The house’s material and tectonic assemblies are enabled by collaboration and experimentation with regional fabricators of the Midwest’s “rust-belt.” On its public façade, the house builds up earthen density with stoic volumes of weathering steel, wood and stucco. This restrained face acts as a carapace, shielding the interior from the public and cradling the entry sequence. The steel façade also serves as an embankment yielding to a series of erosions and subsequent sedimentations along the private, ravineside of the house. Primary living spaces are carved out of the deep strata of the first floor mass, and anchored by the fireplace about which the house plan pivots and subtly adjusts to the site’s tree line. These glass-enclosed spaces open to broad views into the ravine landscape and capture filtered light from the east and south. The living room is simultaneously embedded within and thrusting free of the eroded mass of the house. The house’s interior is engaged with the surrounding landscape: “erosions” pulling the landscape into the interior, “sedimentations” thrusting the interior into the landscape. The house attempts to unify several intentional juxtapositions, examining an array of outcomes: the second floor slab of posttensioned concrete produces a progressively cantilevered massing; a steel box hovers above a long-span living space and a delicate, 42’ length of wrapping window wall; the reserved front facade shelters an unexpected, extroverted, and expansive rear façade that captures views to Lake Michigan and the ravine; the sharpness of the sculptural form contrasts with the velvet texture of the weathering steel; the forest provides a foil for the chiseled massing; the glass, prismatic volumes sculpt shafts of natural light deep into the interior; the warm copper stain softens the toughness of the concrete. Woven together, these opposing qualities produce a project that seeks and roots itself to the site.
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Northeastern University
Kiel Moe
TUBEHOUSE The architecture of this weekend house defers to the richness of its adjacent landscape, a former silver mining claim on the Upper Arkansas River Valley near Granite, Colorado. The house cantilevers out over the river, projecting inhabitants towards commanding views and capturing cool river breezes. A primary view down river to kayakers below and the 14,000’ Collegiate Peaks beyond dominates the building site. Breezes blow down the river in the morning and up the river in the afternoon, typical of mountain river climates. Throughout, the house is designed to amplify and maximize encounters with the river micro-climate and landscape. The architecture aims to engage, as simply and richly, its stunning site. The construction and material systems emphasize durability and ruggedness in response to the climate and remote location, 8,800 ft above sea level. I developed the design of the following buildings with owner, and retired architect, Ron Mason. I was also the builder of the project.
ACSA Faculty Design
A 12’X12’ concrete foundation supports the 16’x 48’ house. The house has a 24’ cantilever over the riverbank. 2x6 wood framing fills a steel truss in each wall to support the long cantilever. The wood framing, along with plywood sheathing on each side of the wall, stiffens the truss and dampens vibrations. Wood framed floors and ceilings complete the frame. T&G wood clads all interior surfaces. Oxidized cold rolled steel clads the exterior. At the river end of the house, a 6’x16’ operable window retracts down to open the house to the view and breezes. Other windows connect interior rooms to specific landscape features.
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HDE
ACSA/AIA Housing Design Education Awards Granted jointly by the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA) and the American Institute of Architects, Housing & Custom Residential Knowledge Committee (AIA, HCR KC) to recognize the importance of good education in housing design to produce architects ready for practice in a wide range of areas and able to be capable leaders and contributors to their communities.
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ACSA/AIA Housing Design Education
University of Arkansas, Community Design Center
Stephen Luoni, Aaron Gabriel, Katie Breshears, & Cade Jacobs
Porchscapes An Affordable LEED for Neighborhood Development (LEED-ND) Fayetteville, Arkansas Project Statement: Low Impact Development-Neighborhoods as Subwatersheds This 43-unit Habitat for Humanity residential project is a pilot LEED-Neighborhood Development (LEED-ND) to be built for $60/sq ft plus infrastructure costs ($1.5 million). The objective is to design a demonstration project that combines affordability with best environmental practices as designated by the U.S. Green Building Council. Porchscapes is a Low Impact Development (LID) project funded under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Section 319 Program for Nonpoint Source Pollution and the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission. LID addresses runoff management with treatment landscapes distributed throughout the project-Parks, Not Pipes. Pipes simply transport polluted water elsewhere. A contiguous network of rainwater gardens, bioswales, infiltration trenches, sediment filter strips, tree box filters, and wet meadows will clean water using biological processes. Thus, neighborhood sectors are developed as subwatersheds, combining hydrological performance with open space design. Combining Curriculums: Architecture + Ecological Engineering Students As part of an interdisciplinary team of architecture, landscape architecture, civil and ecological engineering professionals, architecture students developed house prototypes for small-lot groupings The challenge is to create a high-value development on a greenfield site from modest, one-story structures at $60/ sq ft. Ecological engineering students modeled pre-development hydrological inputs and designed LID infrastructure with calculations for the 500-page drainage report. Collaboration methodology followed a green neighborhood transect integrating “context-production” components (house, porch, yard, street, open space), otherwise developed autonomously. Project Impacts • Project has won national and state awards in design and education. • Shared street (the first to be built in the U.S.) and LID infrastructure, as non-conforming municipal • infrastructure have been granted variances by the city to become a statewide demonstration project. • One of two LEED-ND pilot projects in Arkansas and one of 60 (out of 280) selected for priority status by • the U.S. Green Building Council. The project is slated for silver certification. • Capstone demonstration project in U.S. EPA’s 319 Nonpoint Source Pollution program. 55
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University of Tennessee
ACSA/AIA Housing Design Education
Tricia Stuth
Tools of Engagement – offsite fabrication and infill housing A fifth-year design studio investigated the re-development of an existing neighborhood as a [p]refabricated community. The studio examined the technical, social, regulatory, and aesthetic issues associated with the offsite fabrication of urban in-fill housing for an existing post-war neighborhood. The post-war context prompted students to consider technical, social, regulatory and aesthetic influences on the built environment of another era and to update, reconcile and apply these to offer contemporary alternatives. To prepare, students analyzed historic and emerging global developments, dwellings, and construction systems and associated regulatory, spatial and technological tools. Field trips were instrumental; the studio traveled to Los Angeles to experience architectural works and planning patterns; local trips included visits to a manufactured housing plant, a truss manufacturer and a stick-built development. The studio benefited from regular critiques by Andy Hutsell, a designer from Clayton Homes, the nation’s leading producer and retailer of manufactured and modular homes. The typical manufactured house is today located in a newly created subdivision on a privately owned lot. Growing homebuyer and municipality interest in environmental issues, however, is creating a demand for not only ecologically-minded homes but also ecologically-minded home sites. Furthermore, sustainability includes conservation of cultural resources as well as natural resources. These conditions, combined with the intensifying renewal of existing urban neighborhoods, present unique and challenging opportunities for the design of off-site home construction and the communities which they form. In addition to industry collaboration, the studio benefited from engagement with the neighborhood’s residents, association president, and city council representative during presentations and a workshop at the manufactured housing company’s national headquarters. Acknowledgements: Industry Specialist: Andy Hutsell, Clayton Homes Fifth Year Students: Geoffrey Acker, Emily Bradley, Chris Buchanan, Melissa Buillion, Ben Ceravalo, Michael Davis, Jesse Galbraith, Amy Hardin, Mikey Kenney, Sherman Matthews, Meghan McCrary, Natalee Newcombe. South Haven Community: Suzanne Walker McGhee, Linda Rust (past president of the South Haven Neighborhood Association), Joe Hultquist (City Council Representative) Project/Office Tours: Gwynne Pugh, Pugh Scarpa + Kodama, Ray Kappe
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JAE
Journal of Architectural Education Best Design as Scholarship Article This award is selected as the JAE Best Scholarly Article from the all those submitted to the journal in the award year. The JAE has for more than 57 years represented the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture as the flagship publication of this important architectural organization.
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University of Virginia
A fragile and contaminated ecosystem, intense industrial activity, and human inhabitation struggle to coexist along the Elizabeth River. In three intertwined projects, we have developed translatable urban and architectural strategies interdependent with ecological regeneration, while demonstrating the didactic value of design in public environmental education. This design research model operates at multiple scales, reaches out to diverse communities, plans for varying, overlapping periods of time, and makes positive change in the world.
JAE Best Design as Scholarship Article
Phoebe Crisman,
Working on the Elizabeth River
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JAE
Journal of Architectural Education Best Scholarship of Design Article This award is selected as the JAE Design Best Article from the all those submitted to the journal in the award year. The JAE has for more than 57 years represented the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture as the flagship publication of this important architectural organization.
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Northeastern University
While the design tactics and systems of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies are well documented, its performance remains less explored. Based upon extended in situ observation, I present an account of the building in terms of its day-to-day performances as well as cumulative evidence of its performance over its forty-year history. Contrary to accounts that focus on the building’s extraordinary qualities, this article argues that in the end, it is ordinary details and systems that engender its most consequential performances. Central to this account is an approach that integrates organizational, technical, and aesthetic performance parameters for a polyvalent understanding of performance in architecture.
JAE Best Scholarship of Design Article
Kiel Moe
Extraordinary Performances at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies
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2009 AIA Education Honor Awards
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The Everyday City,, Wanda Dye, University of Texas at Arlington
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EH
AIA Education Honor Awards To discover and recognize the achievement of individuals who serve the profession as outstanding teachers, the awards celebrate excellence in architecture education as demonstrated in classroom, studio, and/or community work, or in courses offered in various educational settings.
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AIA Education Honor Award
University of Minnesota
John Comazzi, Lance Neckar, & Vince deBritto
Remediation as Urban Catalyst: A Collaborative Reworking of Post-Industrial Landscapes This program represents the innovative research and collaborative work produced over two years of interdisciplinary, graduate design studios comprised of architecture and landscape architecture students from the University of Minnesota’s College of Design. Brought together to transform several post-industrial brownfield sites, the efforts of these studios have begun to redirect a regional, systems-based approach to site remediation within a long stretch of the northern Mississippi River corridor. Based on preliminary testing these sites are sure to leave a legacy of toxicity and contamination with which any and all redevelopment plans must contend as material, economic, ecological and urban realities. In response to the complex configuration of contamination and the sites’ unique urban contexts within the Twin Cities of Minneapolis and Saint Paul, a collaborative team of both Architecture and Landscape Architecture faculty staged two design studios (Fall 2007& 2008) that posed a series of design provocations to develop intelligent, rigorous and projective proposals for the challenges facing these complex urban conditions. Operating at scales larger than architecture, time-frames beyond current generations, and embracing change as a foregone conclusion, these studios have challenged students, faculty, practitioners and municipalities alike to participate in the conditional nature of the sites and their indeterminacies over time. In the course of our coordinated efforts, the various approaches and methodologies have progressed through long-term narratives and phased programming, thereby activating the management of landscape remediation, the construction of artificial ecologies and the transformation of urban infrastructures. By confronting the deep, complicated and often messy histories of these unique sites, we have embraced the future legacy of our industrial past as a source (if not resource) for innovations in teaching, representing and practicing new forms of urban production while exposing our students to the innumerable challenges they will undoubtedly face as young practitioners inheriting this industrial legacy.
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Over a four-year period Professor Thomas Fowler, IV, AIA and Full-Time Lecturer and managing principal of a local firm Barry L. Williams, AIA have collaborated in teaching the Integrated Project Studio. The IPS combines the content of a third year building design studio (BDS) and that of a building environmental systems studio (BES). The difficulty of synchronizing the environmental systems lecture topics (taught by another instructor), with the building design and environmental systems studios (one of ten sections) are formidable in such a short 10-week period. So instructors linked and tightly choreographed these two studios by framing the coursework into thirds, to emphasize to the third year students that environmental content is not distinct from building design. In the first third of the quarter, students worked in collaborative case study project teams in BES to acquire a “rules of thumb” technical working knowledge of core topics such as day lighting, electric lighting, thermal performance of buildings, acoustics and water systems (building spaces and systems evaluated); and also teams worked on parallel assignments with the same topics in BDS for an understanding of the poetic implications for environmental systems (light/sound/water machines, day/electric light and acoustical installation activities). The second third of the quarter is the application of acquired technical and poetic knowledge for inFORMing each of the student’s individual design projects in BDS. This is where students continued their understanding that buildings are not discrete objects but rather an assemblage of systems and elements that are connected to and interact with the larger world. Course discussions are focused less on the what (what it is, what it looks like) and more on the how (how it works, how it interfaces with the surrounding environment). The final third of the course time is the refinement of each student’s individual building design project based on the input from both instructors.
AIA Education Honor Award
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Thomas Fowler, IV, AIA & Barry L.Williams, AIA
Integrated Project Studio
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University of Kansas
Dan Rockhill
Architecture 804 Architecture 804 expands the traditional studio model into a rigorous, fully realized, interdisciplinary design/build that prepares the student for a successful transition into professional practice. Committed to research and development, the class creates sustainable and innovative building solutions across a wide spectrum of needs. The buildings are conceptualized and executed with a commitment to design and production, with a sensitivity to issues of sustainability that are important to our society and culture of building. Traditional studios often operate without the realities incorporated with this deeply seated building culture. For instance, material research for a student’s project often terminates upon the discovery and desire to incorporate its usage. This class expands upon the identification process and includes project implementation, detailing, budgets, and trade education. The students become familiar with manufacturing industries not by reading about their practices but rather through a full immersion of technical details and self-cultivated, industry contacts.
AIA Education Honor Award
Architecture 804 is unparalleled in the school’s curriculum and combines the elements of an architectural education to its fullest extent. Multidisciplinary student teams, which come from a multitude of backgrounds, develop projects and thus have first-hand knowledge of a piece of architecture from conceptualization to occupancy. An understanding of how materials and design decisions are integrated into a fully realized project better prepares the student for professional success. Each year, the studio’s project is designed to engage the environment in a way that dramatically reduces or eliminates the need for fossil fuels. Completed in May of 2008, the Arts Center in Greensburg, Kansas exemplifies this challenge by achieving LEED Platinum certification from the United States Green Building Council. Founded in design, theory, materials, structures/construction, and the importance of ethics within professional practice, this class graduates students ready for the ecological challenges facing the architectural community. The studio is offered to any student willing to endure the intense 5 month schedule and is also entering their final semester of studio. This class fulfills a requirement for graduation. Upon completion of the studio, its participants depart the university with a first professional, Masters of Architecture degree.
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Washington University in St. Louis
Intersections of Art and Architecture in Florence was an interdisciplinary design studio that included students from Architecture, Engineering, Cultural Geography, and Art. The studio allowed the students to learn about other cultures in a direct and rigorous way, preparing them to be global architectural practitioners and citizens of the world. The studio project focused on the study of Fillippo Brunelleschi’s Dome, both as a physical and as a social construct. We re-made Brunelleschi’s Dome using recycled materials such as egg shells, used train tickets and disposed food containers. We found magical in the ordinary, beauty in sustainability. By studying one of the most iconic projects of the Italian Renaissance, the students were challenged to develop an awareness about the social issues surrounding such projects (both historically and contemporary). They were asked to research various user groups – the locals, tourists and immigrants (both legal and illegal) – and to develop a series of programmatic proposals that accommodate diverse spatial needs. Working in interdisciplinary teams, the students produced records of spatial events that included the following themes: the on-going spatial tension between the police and illegal vendors; the ways in which tourists moved in space, where they paused, circulated and congregated; the ways in which the popular art is generated, perceived and sold in public spaces, creating a contradiction between various tastes and cultures. The students were asked to embrace these broad cultural issues by means of design, most notably by means of drawing, or disegno in Italian, which suggests both the drawing of a line on the page and the drawing forth an idea.
AIA Education Honor Award
Igor Marjanovic
Architecture Summer Studio 2008: Intersections of Art and Architecture in Florence
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University of Texas at Arlington
AIA Education Honor Award
Wanda Dye
The Everyday City
…”the everyday city has rarely been the focus of attention for architects or urban designers, despite the fact that an amazing number of social, spatial and aesthetic meanings can be found in the repeated activities and conditions that constitute our daily, weekly, and yearly routines. The utterly ordinary reveals a fabric of space and time defined by a complex realm of social practices – a conjuncture of accident, desire and habit.” -Margaret Crawford “…Specific needs have specific objects. Desire on the other hand, has no particular object except for a space where it has full play; a beach, a place of festivity, the space of a dream.” -Henri Lefebvre The Everyday City is a course that examines urban theories engaging the everyday, from the writings of Henri Lefebvre to contemporary critics. Through case study research and empirical observation, as well as the use of photographic and filmic techniques, the course attempts critical alternatives to [re]present and intervene within everyday public spaces. Through these spatial/temporal documentations, using images, sound and text, ideas of possible interventions within everyday public space emerge. Whether driving, walking or riding, our lived experiences of the everyday city are increasingly difficult to [re]describe or [re]present in a lucid, articulate manner. Furthermore, montage images of proposed interventions provide a more visceral understanding of how an intervention may potentially transform a space into place through multiple possibilities of inhabitation and temporal programming. Wanda Dye teaches design studios and a seminar titled “The Everyday City” at UT Arlington. She received degrees from Auburn University and Columbia University. Present teaching, writing and creative practice explore problems of sameness within the everyday landscape, in particular, those associated with public space and prototypical design. More information on her work can be viewed at: Project on the Everyday Landscape.
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ACSA/AIA Topaz Medallion Jeffery Potter, AIA, Jeff Potter Architects; Patrick T. Onishi, AIA, Patrick T. Onishi; John Wallace Blanchard, AIAS; Frances Bronet, University of Oregon; & Henry N. Cobb, FAIA, Pei Cobb Freed & Partners
ACSA Distinguished Professor Keelan Kaiser, AIA, Judson College; Ikhlas Sabouni, Ph.D., Prairie View A&M University; & George Dodds, Ph.D.; University of Tennessee-Knoxville
ACSA Collaborative Practice Keelan Kaiser, AIA, Judson College; Deanna Moore, AIAS; Kim Tanzer, AIA, University of Florida; & Patricia Kucker, University of Cincinnati
ACSA/AIAS New Faculty Teaching Nathaniel Quincy Belcher, Florida International University; Patricia Kucker, University of Cincinnati; Deanna Moore, AIAS; & Elaine Fultz, Savannah College of Art and Design
ACSA Creative Achievement Keelan Kaiser, AIA, Judson College; Deanna Moore, AIAS; Kim Tanzer, AIA, University of Florida; & Patricia Kucker, University of Cincinnati
ACSA Faculty Design George Thrush, FAIA, Northeastern University; Ila Berman, DDes, MRAIC, California College of the Arts; & Michael Speaks, Ph.D., University of Kentucky
ACSA/AIA Housing Design Education Tim de Noble, AIA, University of Arkansas; Judith A. Kinnard, AIA, University of Virginia; Ryan Taylor, AIA, Ryan Taylor Design; & T. Jerry Lominack, AIA, Lominack Kolman Smith Architects
Journal of Architectural Education JAE Board of Directors; Keelan Kaiser, AIA, Judson College; Deanna Moore, AIAS; Kim Tanzer, AIA, University of Florida; & Patricia Kucker, University of Cincinnati
AIA 2009 Education Honor Randy Byers, AIA, The Design Studio, Inc.; Robert Campbell, FAIA, Architecture Critic; Julie Eizenberg, AIA, KoningEizenberg; JW Blanchard, Assoc. AIA, President, American Institute of Architecture Students; & Kate Schwennsen, FAIA, Iowa State University, 2006 President, The American Institute of Architects 80
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Printed with Eco-ink - low-volatility vegetable oil-based ink using Ecoprint Smooth 100 Text. 100% Post-consumer Recycled, Processed Chlorine Free using 100% Wind Energy in a Carbon Neutral Process. 83
2008-2009
ACSA PRESS
WA S H I N G T O N , D C