STUDIO AIR 2015, SEMESTER 1, BRADLEY ELIAS ADELA RISHA SAPUTRA
introduction__
adela risha saputra His idea was initially considered as superficial and absurd, because it was very uncommon at that time to have buildings high up, and even more so with stacked living space. However, Le Corbusier’s initially thought odd ideas came to be an inspiration for post-modern architecture, and also an initiator of urban dwelling. What it means of urban dwelling is to have a group of people living in the same community and circle, but having their own space to separate their public and private life. It is taking the idea of living as a monk and implementing them to secular community. Separating the private to public gives people a sense of belonging as well as individuality, and this is why urban dwelling becomes the most prominent design principle of our time.
Fig.1: (leviathan 2 by neri oxman 2012, http://www.materialecology.com/projects/details/leviathan-2#prettyPhoto )
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Table of Contents A. CONCEPTUALISATION A.0 Design Futuring A.1 Design Computation A.2 Composition/Generation A.3. Conclusion A.4. Learning outcomes B. CRITERIA DESIGN B.1 Research Field B.2 Case Study 1.0 B.3. Case Study 2.0 B.4. Technique: Development B.5. Technique: Prototypes B.6. Technique: Proposal B.7. Learning Objectives and Outcomes C. DETAILED DESIGN C.1 Design Concept C.2 Tectonic Elements & Prototypes C.3. Final Detail Model
CONCEPTUALISATION 5
A.0. ____design futuring
convent of la tourette BY LE CORBUSIER
SAINTE-MARIE DE LA TOURETTE Monestry of La Tourette by Le Corbusier initiates the movement of urban living; where people live together as a community in the same circle, but essentially living in their own bubbles.
His idea was initially considered as superficial and absurd, because it was very uncommon at that time to have buildings high up, and even more so with stacked living space.
Le Corbusier was asked to facilitate a self-regulated community for monks, complete each with its own dorms and communal space such as wards, library, dining room, praying room and more. He did just as that, however, in contrast to conventional monestry at that time, which is usually built on a complex of buildings, Le Corbusier created a stack of those facilities instead of laying it down in a plan.
However, Le Corbusier’s initially thought odd ideas came to be an inspiration for post-modern architecture, and also an initiator of urban dwelling. What it means of urban dwelling is to have a group of people living in the same community and circle, but having their own space to separate their public and private life. It is taking the idea of living as a monk and implementing them to secular community.
La Tourette consists of dwellings for monks on their upper floors, and communal spaces on three floors above ground. The ground floor is for public space, where guests are allowed to occupy the cloister or atrium. The underground floor or cell floor is for private space, to care for the sick. Last, the reflectory floor is also for private space where the monks are mainly here to reflect on themselves.
Separating the private to public gives people a sense of belonging as well as individuality, and this is why urban dwelling becomes the most prominent design principle of our time.
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Fig.2: a(reflectory plan, arch daily) b (entrance plan, arch daily) http://www.archdaily. com/96824/ad-classics-convent-of-la-tourette-le-corbuiser/)
Fig.3: (La tourette, samuel ludwig http://www.archdaily.com/96824/ad-classics-convent-of-la-tourette-le-corbuiser/)
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A.0. ____design futuring
monocoque 2 BY NERI OXMAN Monocoque means “single cell” in French, which demonstrates the capability of the external skin to bear structural load. In contrast to common construction practice, where there should be structural framing behind the skin layer, in this project, Oxman generated an idea of having its skin as its structural framing. Furthermore, Monocoque is one of Oxman’s projects which demonstrates modifying material properties to accomodate environmental constrains. Even though this project was only made to hand, it delivers a whole new world of possibilities for designers, especially in architectural sense. Designs can explore the absense of structural framing and thus creating more flexible and organic skin. This project instigate a change in design principle, as Oxman’s work is one of the prime example of a new branch in architecture: biomimicry. Biomimicry is synthesizing nature with technology to enhance the relationship of built form and its environment towards betterment. This field of study emerges due to environmental concerns that take place in our era right now. Biomimicry suggests that the solution to our problem is to investigate how an organism manage to sustain themselves throughout centuries; how they adapt and grow, and implement those principles to built form with technology.
A.1. ____design computation
the watercube BY PTW ARCHITECTS
BEIJING NATIONAL AQUATICS CENTER Watercube succeeded as the winning design for Beijing’s 2008 Olympic swimming center. Initially, they already knew how the structure would work: the steel framing would be isolated thus preventing corrosion from the pool, and they would use EFTE cladding to diffuse natural light and provide insulation.
Computation made this form achievable through the algorithm of the foam’s connecting pattern. It was possible to have random yet organized structure of bubbles as its facade and combined with sustainable materiality, the building was highly sustainable and environmental friendly.
PTW Architects derived the form from Plateau’s geometry of soap bubbles (Fig. 6) and began exploring its natural pattern from there digitally. The curious thing about bubble geometry is that they are repeatable in form, but can appear organic and random when viewed from different angles.
As defined by Kostas (2006). computation expands the designers’ space to manage their disability. In this case, PTW Architects have limitations on generating the form derived from nature, because its behaviour has its own algorithm pattern and it is hard to design it without the help of machines.
Eventually, the solution to Watercube’s facade was from Weaire Phelan foam, where PTW applied their theory of connecting soap bubbles into plain regular geometries (Fig. 7). From there, they began to work the Weaire Phelan foam pattern from singles to multiples, until they arrive at a box of those in size of the building.
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Fig.2
CONCEPTUALISATION 11
A.1. ____design computation
icd/itke research pavilion 2011 BY ACHIM MENGES
Achim Menges work are known for its digital organic forms where he investigates organisms and applying them to built structures. ICD/ITKE research pavilion 2011 was no different, he applied the biological principals of sea urchin (sand dollar)’s skeleton structure and employing them to construct the shell structure of this bionic pavilion. As seen from figure 11, Menges used computation to work out each of the shell components derived from sand dollar’s skeleton. From there, he work out the whole shell structure by applying the principles of heterogeneity; having cells that are not constant in size, but rather adapting its size to its function, anisotropy; a directional structure which follows the shear and stress direction, and hierarchy; where there are two separate layers of shells, with different method of joining. Not only does it inspire architectural projects to derive its form from nature, the method of joining each cells does not require any structural steel to provide support. The shell can stand on its own using its continuous surface interlocking each other. Without computation, this project would be impossible to made because it relies heavily on algorithmic programs to compute the shell structure and designing the interlocking pieces.
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CONCEPTUALISATION 13