ADITI AGARWAL SELECTED WORKS 2010 - 2019
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01
Curriculum Vitae
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Graduate coursework
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Professional and academic work Exchange studio
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Personal work
Envelope Optimization Natural Ventilation Design Composite Mycelium Stool EZ Breezy Building systems design Thermal gain and daylighting in glazing Vulnerability of wastewater Icon to Idol: Value to waste College auditorium Thermal evaluation Project 1:1 Urban in-fill housing Residential interiors Photography
EDUCATION
ADITI AGARWAL ARCHITEC T + RESEARCHER HARVARD GSD
PROFILE Accomplished in areas of sustainable design and developing strategic approaches to energy analysis, thermal evaluation, and material explorations. Possess strong analytical and computeraided skills, and a sincere and diligent work ethic. My research is focused on sustainable built environments in the urban context. I am currently investigating the impact of rising temperatures on human interaction with space. LEED Green Associate Climate Leader - Harvard University Centre for the Environment (HUCE) Council Member - Harvard Council of Student Sustainability Leaders (CSSL)
INTERESTS
Master in Design Studies (Energy and Environment) Candidate Graduate School of Design, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
2018 - 2020
Master of Architecture (Sustainable Architecture) Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology (CEPT) University, Ahmedabad, India
2011 - 2013
Bachelor of Architecture Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada (Exchange Program - Fall 2010) Dr. B. N. College of Architecture, Pune University, Pune, India
2006 - 2011
COURSEWORK Environmental Systems 1 & 2 - Fundamentals of energy efficient design Nano Micro Macro - Scientifically informed product designed to improve indoor air quality Building Simulation - Computational Fluid Dynamics and energy flows; Materials - Embodied energy and design Space conditioning Systems for Low Carbon Buildings at MIT - Thermofluids understanding Climate Change Resilience and Adaptation - Development of these terms in social, natural, applied science Environment, Economics and Enterprise - Environmental efficiency and its impact on real estate Sustainable Energy at MIT - Current and potential future energy systems The Energy-Climate Challenge at Harvard Kennedy School - Character of challenge and policy choices to meet it
WORK EXPERIENCE RESEARCH INTERN (Summer) HKS Architects Inc. - Washington DC, USA June - August 2019 Co-authored a white paper focused on ‘What it will take’ for the existing building stock in DC to comply with Clean Energy DC, and the additional efforts to get all the way to Net Zero Energy (ZNE). ASSISTANT PROFESSOR (2 years) Brick School of Architecture, Pune University - Pune, India July 2016 - July 2018 Designed the course curriculum and instructed undergraduate students in subjects that include building materials and technology, introduction to architecture and research methods. FREELANCE ARCHITECT (4 years) ASA Associates - Pune, India 2014 - 2018 Founding partner in a three member team responsible for designing and executing residential interior design projects. Conducted client meetings, prepared design concepts, and furniture details. ARCHITECT (3 years) Madhav Joshi and Associates - Pune, India February 2015 - June 2016 Lead a studio team in design development for an educational facility, leading to tender drawings. Prepared multiple competition entries with a sensitive response to the context and climate. Sunil Patil and Associates - Pune, India November 2013 - January 2015 Worked on massing, design development and site planning for a kindergarten. Prepared construction drawings and interior details for multiple residential and commercial projects.
DESIGN SKILLS Autodesk Revit Autodesk AutoCAD SketchUp
Publication: Permanence in Architecture: Indian Context and Time November 2017 Co-authored a paper presented in the ArchTHEO’17 Conference organised by DAKAM Conferences, in Istanbul, Turkey. We studied context and time, with a focus on achieving longevity in our built forms. We focussed on sustainable strategies that have stood the test of time. Design competition: Synergies Between Nature and Buildings for Ecotourism March 2012 Part of a four member team that developed prototypes for forest based ecotourism destinations in India. We created integrated systems between the site, adjoining village, local administration and tourists. These systems aim to revive the terrain and benefit the villagers. Workshop: Space making (Earth) Craft workshop with DICRC December 2012 The ten day workshop was a collaborative craft design exploration in earth (mud/clay/ceramics) by design participants and craftspeople. We built a prototype in an earth construction technique. Conference: Towards Urban Sustainability - The GRIHA Approach October 2012 The 2nd GRIHA (Green Buildings Rating Systems India) Regional Conference held at Suzlon One Earth, Pune focused on the broader issues of urban sustainability through policy mechanisms.
CONTACT 7 Beckwith Circle, Somerville MA, 02143 617-631-7838
Adobe InDesign Design Builder FloVent
Rhinoceros + Grasshopper Ladybug and Honeybee DIVA
aditiagarwal@gsd.harvard.edu aditi1.agarwal@gmail.com
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ENVELOPE OPTIMISATION Exploring the performance and design drivers of a chosen facade, to strengthen its design House drawings - ground floor plan, longitudinal section and front elevation
02 Graduate coursework
Analysed the internal and external façades of a typical residential unit within the walled city of Ahmedabad, India. A pol house - typically a single family, multi-story structure with a small off-centre courtyard. Part of a two member team that considered the following parameters: • Comfort - Indoor (house) and Outdoor (courtyard) • Heat vulnerability of the building • Embodied energy of the building materials Indoor Comfort in summer (June) 70.8% of the time comfortable
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Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT)
Energy Balance - optimized to reduce internal gains in summer seasons
After comparing various alternatives we found that the energy balance is optimised when the envelope consists of walls made of fibre cement board and straw (U=1.5 W/m2K), a traditional clay tiled roof with a radiant barrier and cellulose insulation (U=0.62 W/m2K), a relatively high window to wall ratio (40%) with opaque wooden shutters operated on schedule, a slightly higher comfort set point (Minout=15°C, Maxout = 32°C) and the use of fans (speed = 1 m/s). The courtyard is never comfortable by itself in the hot season, however with simple white cloth shading the universal thermal climate index (UTCI) is 5°C lower than the outdoors. Heat vulnerability, measured using indoor wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT), in a typical summer week is also reduced significantly in all rooms. The selected assemblies also have the lowest embodied energy (MJ) amongst the analysed cases.
NATURAL VENTILATION DESIGN Space conditioning for the MET Warehouse renovation as the MIT School of Architecture and Planning (SA+P) 02 Graduate coursework
Buoyancy-induced upward flow of cooled outdoor air
Heating strategy (winter season)
Natural ventilation strategy (mid season)
The Metropolitan Storage Warehouse, a massive brick structure built in 1895, has been identified as a new location for the School of Architecture and Planning. Part of a three member team that studied the existing structure to: • Analyse and design natural ventilation and cooling system strategies using buoyancy driven flow • Compare and choose the most suitable dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS) • Analyse the feasibility of passive chilled beams (PCB) combined with ground heat exchange (GHE) • Propose a low energy consuming, low carbon emission and low cost strategy design Using a combination of hand calculations and Energy Plus based simulations we compared different strategies to condition the building while minimising the carbon footprint and optimising occupant comfort in different seasons. The final recommendation was a desiccant cooling system coupled with passive chilled beams and ground heat exchange to provide the most efficient solution for the building.
Fan strategy (mid season with low delta T)
Cooling strategy (summer season)
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COMPOSITE MYCELIUM STOOL Material exploration to understand the embodied energy and carbon footprint of a product 02 Graduate coursework
Embodied energy = 147 MJ Carbon = 9 kg CO2e
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A seat grown from mycelium, soft and spongy, rests on three slender, hand-turned walnut legs. The mycelium—the vegetative root structure Compos of fungus—is grown around a wood structure in a mix of corn and hemp by-product. The visual and tactile contrast between Team the twoName: W materials produces a series of oppositions—light/dark, soft/hard, Team Member living/dead, grown/machined, additive/subtractive—and, more to Agarwal, Aditi the point, a comfortable seat on a sturdy base. The stool is Jeong, Hangs entirely constructed from renewable resources, and at the end of theLopez Cabeza stool’s life, the mycelium is fully compost-able and biodegradable. Warren, Luke
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Part of a team that designed a stool as a combination of two materials – wood and mycelium. The strength of the wood is utilized to form a slim yet sturdy frame while the lighter mycelium forms the seat, the part that interacts with the user.
Tropic of Cancer
Mycilium Troy,NY-Cam
EZ BREEZY Passive air vent to improve indoor environment quality in private residences 02 Graduate coursework
Part of a team that designed a passive air vent that responds to the outdoor environment and allows fresh air to enter just at the right time. We demonstrated the behaviour through a prototype affixed to a real window. We went through the process of inspiration (from research conducted at the Wyss Institute, Harvard University), ideation and implementation. The problem of unhealthy indoor air quality is addressed. We started out with the idea of developing a taxonomy of different materials and their behaviour under different stimuli, mainly focussing on temperature and humidity. Scientists have discovered that the air inside our homes is up to five times more polluted than the air outside. This product consists of a series of adaptive layers that are specially suited to different climatic zones and can be easily installed into existing windows. Using passive technology that reacts to humidity and temperature, the vents open to allow fresh air in, only when the outdoor weather conditions are suitable. Thus, this device will not take off heat in winter or bring it in summer, thereby not adding to the energy bill. A user override layer allows users to adjust its behaviour if needed.
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BUILDING SYSTEMS DESIGN Studio project revisited to critically and creatively improve system design 02 Graduate coursework
Separate zones for heating and cooling
Dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS) for ventilation separated from heating and cooling
Daylit Area (DA100lux[50%]) = 94% of floor area
Part of two member team that redesigned the mechanical systems to have mixed mode ventilation and an efficient heating and cooling system. A daylighting analysis was conducted for one representative room to enhance its performance. Additionally, solar water heaters with a liquid to liquid heat exchanger is incorporated as a renewable energy system. Space conditioning design strategies: • Heating/cooling and ventilation segregated • Water based system for heating/cooling - Solar water heaters used to heat water circulated by a radiant floor system • Water based heating/cooling for ventilation with an enthalpy wheel
Mean Daylight Factor = 1.2%
8 Daylight Availability (DA) Visualisations
Religious building in Lucena, Spain with a warm Mediterranean climate
THERMAL GAIN AND DAYLIGHTING IN GLAZING Comparative study of the alternatives for glazing with low thermal gain 02 Graduate coursework
Self cleaning coatings for PV cell glazing
Anti-reflective coating
The study aimed at developing a clear understanding of the various methods that can be employed to prevent thermal heat gain/ loss through glazing that is primarily used for daylighting. Each one is briefly explained through an info graphic, leading to a final comprehensive comparative study that can serve as a ready to use dossier. Climate types considered: • Cool climate (prevailing heating loads) • Temperate climate (prevailing heating loads) • Hot climate (prevailing cooling loads) Spectral properties taken into account: • Overall heat transfer coefficient (U) • Visible transmittance (Tv) • Solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) Different glazing types: • Conventional glazing materials and coatings • Advanced glazing materials • Smart glazing (passive and active) 9
Liquid crystal windows - LC Power off/Opaque state (left); LC Power on/Transparent state (right)
% Vulnerable to persistent failure
% Vulnerable to persistent compromise
% Vulnerable to periodic failure
VULNERABILITY OF WASTEWATER
% Vulnerable to periodic compromise
TODAY FUTURE % Vulnerable to periodic compromise by 2030
Analysis of Miami Dade County’s domestic wastewater treatment system and it’s vulnerability to sea level rise
% Vulnerable to periodic compromise by 2040
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10
20
30
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50
60
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100
Aventura
Biscayne Park
Coral Gables
Cutler Bay
Doral
El Portal
Golden Beach
Hialeah
Hialeah Gardens
Homestead
Indian Creek Village
Miami
Miami Gardens
Miami Lakes
Miami Shores
North Miami
North Miami Beach
Palmetto Bay
Pinecrest
South Miami
Sweetwater
Virginia Gardens
02 Graduate coursework
Percentage of the total land parcels vulnerable today (2018) and in the future (2040) (Neighbourhoods in green have more than 90% vulnerability to sea level rise in the future i.e. 2030 and 2040) Total capital spending plan FY 2019
$7 billion
Projected cost to hook up already built residence to sewer system
$40,000 to $50,000
Total cost for replacement
$3.3 billion
Portion of total budget
47%
Number of people impacted
1.3 million
No of septic tanks to replaced
100,000
Cost per person (estimate)
$2,538.46
Cost per septic system
$33,000.00
Expenditure by the County - Cost implications of extending the sewer lines 18%
$200,000 $180,000
16% 14%
$160,000
14%
14%
13%
The study dives into the current situation of domestic wastewater treatment, particularly septic tanks, to assess the extent of the problem. It further goes on to look at different alternatives and how much it would financially burden different neighbourhoods to extend the main sewer lines.
$140,000
12% 10%
10%
$120,000
Currently, nearly 2 out of 5 residences are dependent on individually owned septic tanks, instead of sewer systems (90,000 units, 1.3 million Floridians). With ground water rising steadily, low-lying neighbourhoods are already facing trouble. Intense flooding and rainstorms will exacerbate the problem, sending partially treated human waste into the porous Biscayne aquifer - posing an immediate public health risk. A recent report concluded that 64% of the county’s septic tanks will regularly fail by 2040, up from 56% in Nov 2018.
$100,000 8%
$80,000
6%
6% 5%
4%
$60,000
5%
$40,000
3%
Median household income
South Miami
Pinecrest
Palmetto Bay
North Miami Beach
Miami Shores
Miami Gardens
$0
Homestead
$20,000
0% Coral Gables
2%
% increase in avg. expense
Map of Miami Dade County: Expenditure by the citizens - % increase in average expense - Neighbourhoods with the highest number of septic to raise money for extensions over 5 years, as compared to systems median household income ($) in neighbourhoods with the 10 (represented in orange) - Neighbourhoods with more than 90% vulnerability to sea highest number of septic systems level rise (represented in green)
Findings: • Reliable, long term alternatives to septic systems are very limited making the rationale for extending the sewer lines. • Extension of sewer lines will unequally burden the residents and must be equitably planned out. • Long term plans must work along with short term solutions to avoid being heavily invested in neighbourhoods that may be soon abandoned.
Summer
Monsoon
The project highlights the linear nature of the physical manifestation of a mythologically cyclical annual festival. Idols of deities are made over many months for a festival that lasts only a few days. At the end, the idols and their paraphernalia are immersed in the local water bodies. Although the mythological story ends, the physical remnants take years to decompose adding very harmful pollutants to the water.
Winter
Idol making
02 Graduate coursework
January
Durga
The environment of religious idols explored through the annual festivals of Ganpati and Durga Puja in India
Winter
Ganpati
ICON TO IDOL: VALUE TO WASTE
December
ANNUAL Annual time-line
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COLLEGE AUDITORIUM Institutional building for a women’s education foundation in Pune, India 03 Professional work
Part of a studio team in a competition to design a 700 seat auditorium for a women’s education foundation. This building was to cater to a number of schools and educational institutes for women on the campus. We approached our design with the intent of tying the campus together with a common facility that is accessible by students of all surrounding colleges for small to large scale events. It houses multi purpose halls of different sizes on the lower floor that could be used by the students, and a large auditorium space that could be opened up to the general public for large events. A simple concrete framework supports masonry walls with stone-create surface treatment. The service areas are tucked away along the two longer edges. A plaza was created towards the front, helping the building merge within the largely pedestrian campus.
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100.00 200.00
Temperature Difference (°C) Difference (°C) Temperature
10.0 4.0 8.0 2.0 6.0 0.0
PW0
4.0 -2.0
PW1
PW2
PW3
PW4
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0.00 100.00
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2.0 -4.0 0.0 -6.0
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PW1
PW2
PW3
PW4
PW5
PW6
PW7
PW8
-100.00 0.00
PW9
-2.0 -8.0 -200.00 -100.00
-4.0 -10.0 -6.0 -12.0 -8.0 -14.0
-300.00 -200.00
-10.0
Annual Heating / Cooling Loads (kWh/m2) -12.0
Maximum Temperature drop on Hottest Day (°C)
-14.0
Maximum Temperature increase on Coldest Day (°C) 14.33 13
Maximum Temperature drop on Hottest Day (°C) Maximum Temperature increase on Coldest Day (°C)
12 U value (W/m2.K) & Thermal Lag (hours)
50
Annual Heating / Cooling Loads (kWh/m2)
9.09 9
8.63
8.47
8.2
40
8.09 7.18
7.2
7.15
6
35
3 0.98 0
45
PW7
1.23
PW6
1.98
2
2.1
2.16
2.29
PW9
PW0
PW3
PW1
PW2
30
1.23
PW8
0.57
0.56
PW5
PW4
Annual Heating / Cooling Loads (kWh/m2)
U value (W/m2.K)
25
Thermal Lag (hours)
Annual Heating / Cooling Loads (kWh/m2)
15
-300.00
Annual Heating/Cooling AnnualLoads Heating/Cooling (kWh/m2) Loads (kWh/m2)
12.0 6.0
THERMAL EVALUATION Research project based on local practices in Pune, India (Temperate climatic zone) 03 Graduate thesis
My graduate thesis was focused on current practices of the local building industry. The problem I addressed was the enormous amount of energy consumed from extraction to application of construction materials. In my thesis, I proposed that the building envelope design can go a long way in reducing this energy consumption. As walls, roofs and openings are the three primary components of the envelope that contribute towards heat gain from the external environment, I put forth that an appropriate choice of wall and roof sections and design of sun-shades can help improve the structure’s thermal performance. Furthermore, characteristics of each climatic zone were taken into consideration while quantifying heat gain. To this end, I have analysed these building components based on their materials’ thermal properties for the annual heating/cooling loads generated by their use in standard residential units. I did this with the use of simulation software, where at any time I only kept one component variable and maintained the rest constant. This produced results that I then compared with conventional practice. Further, I combined extreme cases to throw light on their performance as a collective unit. 13
PROJECT 1:1 Construction of students’ design studio in the CEPT University campus, Ahmedabad, India 03 Graduate academic work
This project was an initiative of the faculty and students of the M. Arch program at CEPT University. It was a hands-on project designed and executed by the students along with local labourers. Our goal was to create a studio space for 20 students that included a presentation area, storage, outdoor interaction spaces, etc. The over arching goal was for the students to have a heuristic learning experience through an experimental and non-conformist design process: Stage 1: We conducted experimental material explorations with bamboo, reinforced brick, plastic and metal cans; learning about each material and creating proof of concepts with each material that was considered Stage 2: We constructed a permanent hollow plinth and ground floor of the studio. The upper story would be regularly experimented with and built upon by future students. We made a conscious choice of materials and included only those with less embodied energy, high cost effectiveness and labour intensive in order to create employment opportunities.
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We also executed the project on site which included procuring the materials, using labour input for construction and supervising the site while the work was being done, over the course of the term.
Old windows: rectangular casement windows, one proportion maintained as it is the cheapest option
Old buildings have traditional roof profilessimple flat roofs or sloping roofs
infill HOUSING 288 Booth St. Northwest Corner of Booth and Somerset West Centretown (Chinatown)
x New buildings’ roofs are not singular in form; they have multiple roof profiles
“We believe that every improvement in the adobes of men which renders them more neat, comfortable , and pleasing, contributes not only to physical enjoyment, but to mental and moral advancement” - Henry William Cleveland,
x
Proposed windows explore varying proportions based on the same basic module
TWO BEDROOM UNIT 65 SQM
THREE BEDROOM UNIT Ist LEVEL - 65 SQM
FROM SPRUCE AND ROCHESTER
FROM BOOTH STREET
2x
Village and Farm Cottages (1854)
x Like all housing projects this one too aims at providing ‘homes’ to its tenants, and not just ‘houses’ that one switches without giving it a second thought. It primarily began with the intent of emphasizing the public space; focusing on the common without neglecting the individual. It is an attempt to incorporate ‘old’ values of family life with ‘new’ concepts of convenience in multi-story apartments. It respects the commercial nature of the street while at the same time affording fantastic views of downtown, given its height. It tries to integrate all the people that it houses by making them walk through the public spaces, inviting conversations between passers by on the floor; not forcing people to walk too far away from the comfort of their homes to catch a break in a natural setting, enjoying the warmth of the sun.
FLOOR FINISH STEEL HANDRAIL
0.9
2x ANGLE SECTION
2x
ROOF PROFILES
FENESTRATION DETAILS ONE BEDROOM UNIT 55 SQM
THREE BEDROOM UNIT IInd LEVEL - 68 SQM
STAIRCASE DETAIL
0.4
INTERNAL PLASTER AND PAINT
Traditional cobalt blue colour used as applique on walls abutting balconys
SKIRTING FLOOR FINISH LEAN CONCRETE/ MORTAR SLURRY CONCRETE 60mm thk.
FLOOR FINISH LEAN CONCRETE CONCRETE
0.15
Brick- traditional material; used in portions of the building to maintain its site context
RADIANT HEATING METAL DECKING
MEAN DECKING 40mm thk.
UNIVERSAL BEAM SECTION
SUSPENDED GYPSUM BOARD CEILING SUSPENDED GYPSUM BOARD CEILING
UNIVERSAL BEAM SECTION
GYPSUM BOARD PANELLING AROUND STEEL BEAM
GYPBOARD PANELLING AROUND BEAM
MATERIALS USED FLOOR AND WALL JUNCTION
ENCASING OF STEEL BEAM HOLLOW CONCRETE BLOCK GROUT GYPSUM WALLBOARD
OLD made or built long time ago and NEW in addition to another already existing
LIVING SPACE
OPEN SPACE
MORTAR BRICK FACING SEMI-RIGID INSULATION BatiPlum - feathers AIR/VAPOUR BARRIER MEMBRANE
VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT (as required)
Typical layouts of One Bedroom Two Bedroom and Three Bedroom Units
FLEXIBLE MEMBRANE FLASHING
LINTEL REINFORCEMENT (as required)
UPTURNED MEMBRANE BEYOND JAMB STEEL FLASHING
SEALANT AND COMPRESSIBLE FOAM BACKER ROD ALL AROUND FRAME
LINTEL DETAIL
WINDOW ASSEMBLY
MORTAR
HOLLOW CONCRETE BLOCK
TYPICAL UNIT LAYOUT
ARCHITECTURAL VOCABULARY
BRICK FACING
GROUT
UNIT LAYOUTS
SEMI-RIGID INSULATION BatiPlum - feathers
INTERNAL PLASTER AND PAINT HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT (as required) VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT (as required)
PUBLIC SPACE
AIR/VAPOUR BARRIER MEMBRANE
INSULATION RETAINER
FLOOR FINISH FLEXIBLE MEMBRANE FLASHING WELD PLATE CAST INTO SLAB STEEL FLASHING
MIN. 0.15m
SITE LAYOUT FOUNDATION DETAIL
CONTINOUS STEEL SHELF ANGLE AND STEEL BRACKET CONCRETE FACED RIGID INSULATION GRADE
Lined with solar panels in order to generate electricity from the abundantly available solar energy HOLLOW CONCRETE BLOCK GROUT
WINTER GARDEN
VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT (as required)
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM UNIVERSAL COLUMN SECTION
COMMERCIAL SPACE
CONCRETE ENCASING FOR COLUMN INTERNAL PLASTER AND PAINT
Greater number of elderly persons accommodated by providing multiple single bedroom apartments that are easily accessible
Lack of public and open spaces in existing neighborhood therefore public spaces incorporate into the program, embracing the neighborhood, not shutting it out
Preferred orientation (South-West) utilized for common spaces in order to make it available to all the residents
AIR/VAPOUR BARRIER SEMI-RIGID INSULATION BatiPlum - Feathers BRICK FACING
SOUTH-EAST ELEVATION - FROM SOMERSET ST. ENCASING OF STEEL COLUMN
SECTIONAL ELEVATION - FROM BOOTH ST.
URBAN IN-FILL HOUSING Housing project in gentrification of Chinatown, Ottawa, Canada 03 Exchange Studio
The project aimed at providing habitable and attractive urban housing to serve as a physical and social anchor in Chinatown. The design consisted of a range of dwelling units, as a response to the sensitive social structure and financial capacities of the neighbourhood. While adding public spaces, I retained the characteristic fabric of this street. 15
RESIDENTIAL INTERIORS Freelance interior design projects in Pune, India 04 Personal work
Part of a three member team working on freelance interior design projects. Our team worked on these projects on a turn-key basis starting from designing and ending with executing such that the spaces were move-in ready. Our services included budgeting, providing multiple design alternatives, site supervision, and selecting special fittings, finishes, electrical fittings, fixtures, flooring, dado tiles and electronic appliances. Highlighted here is one of such projects, completed for an affluent client. The residents of the house were a couple along with a motherin-law. The client preferred a glossy and classy finish over all. We completely renovated the 1400 square feet apartment with marble and wooden flooring, false ceilings, updated electrical fittings and custom furniture in all three bedrooms, living room and the kitchen. We designed each furniture unit with a simple colour palette - white, walnut wood, silver and black. Another noteworthy project completed by our team was one for a small family with basic requirements. In this case, we split the large apartment into two with a light-weight concrete block wall and repainted both units. We fitted out the kitchen and put in a few furniture items in all rooms, in preparation for the units to be rented. 16
PHOTOGRAPHY 04 Personal work
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