“POST POST RETIREMENT LIVING LIVING” A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the academic requirement of Graduation in Architecture.
ARCHITECTURE
By Student Aditi Jain
0809AR141007 Under the Guidance of Ar. Pranjali Wakhale Shirdhonkar School of Architecture IPS Academy, Indore Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I must first express my deep gratitude towards our Principal Prof. (Ar.) Manita Saxena ma’am, for providing us with proper guidance and every possible support for the completion of my dissertation. I am grateful to my thesis guide Ar. Pranjali Wakhale Shirdhonkar for guiding me all through the semester for the proper methodology of the dissertation, putting me on the right track from time to time and constant encouragement in accomplishing the work. I must also thank my thesis guide, Ar. Harshika Sahay Kemkar and Ar. Nikhil Harry, thesis coordinators and all my faculty members for their support and guidance in the thesis.
Aditi Jain B. Arch VIII Sem
STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY & ETHICS DECLARATION I declare that the research entitles “Post Retirement Living� is the bonafide research work carried out by me, under the guidance of Ar. Pranjali Wakhale Shirdhonkar, further I declare that this has not been previously formed the basis of award of any degree, diploma, associate ship or other similar degrees or diplomas and has not been submitted anywhere else. I hereby, give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopy and inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to other organizations.
Place: Indore
Date:
Name of the student: Aditi Jain
CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Post Retirement Living” is the bonafide work of Ms. Aditi Jain, in partial fulfilment of the academic requirements for the award of “Bachelors of Architecture Degree”. This work is carried out by her, under my guidance and supervision.
Counter Signed Guide Ar. Pranjali Wakhale Shirdhonkar
Place: Indore
Date:
ABSTRACT Old age homes are for old people where they are taken care. They are given food and place to live. The old age homes are some institutions run by a trust or some people. The old people who are alone or don't have someone to take care can live in these places. Helpless people of above 60 years irrespective of race, cast and creed can be rehabilitated with the full responsibility in a centre named “Old Age Home/ Old Nursing�. All basic amenities like accommodation, foods, cloths, medicines and other facilities are provided free of cost to the neglected, unable to earn livelihood and helpless old peoples of above 60 years till their death in the centre. Necessary medical facilities are also provided. There is required number of nurses to look after the elderly. The centre may also have its own health care centre, where there are an MBBS doctor and several compounders for treatment of the elderly. Necessary medicines are prescribed and provided free of cost and ambulances are also available in case patients need to be transported to other medical centres/hospitals. It can have a pathological laboratory and Ex-Ray machine for medical diagnosis. The elderly will receive free medical check-up regularly at the medical centre.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Introduction Background 1.1.1. History of old age homes 1.1.2. Why old age homes are required? 1.1.3. Who are Elderly? 1.1.4. Principles of SOS village 1.2. Some Statistics 1.3. Aim 1.4. Objectives 1.5. Rationale 1.6. Significance 1.7. Scope 1.8. Limitations 1.9. Methodology 2. LITERATURE STUDIES 2.1. Home for dependent elderly people and their nursing homes 2.2. Serena Hub, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 2.3 Antara Senior Living, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 4. LIVE CASE STUDIES 3.1. Ashiana Utsava, Lavasa, Maharashtra 4. DESIGN CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5. SITE SELECTION 5.1. Site Selection Criteria 5.2. Site Justification 5.3. Site Analysis
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6. DESIGN PROPOSAL 6.1. Concept 6.2. Design Processes and Alternative Developments
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LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO.
TITLE
PAGE NO.
1. Table 1-Time line of old age home…………………………………………13 2. Table 2-Pie Chart showing percentage of condition of older people……….16 3. Table 3-Table showing comparative analysis of case studies……….……...48
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LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE NO.
TITLE
PAGE NO.
1. Figure 1-Old People from Case Studies…………………………….....……..12 2. Figure 2- Old People from Case Studies …………………………………….14 3. Figure 3- Form Evolution of Case Study …………………………………....24 4. Figure 4- Ground Floor Plan ……………………………………...…….…...25 5. Figure 5- First Floor Plan …………………………………………………...26 6. Figure 6- Second Floor Plan ……………………...................................…..27 7. Figure 7- Elevations …………………………………………………………28 8. Figure 8- Image Showing Serena Hub …………………………………..…..29 9. Figure 9- View of Serena Hub ………………………………………….........31 10. Figure 10- Location Map ……………………………………………..……...31 11. Figure 11-Site Plan of Serena Hub…………………………………………...32 12. Figure 12- Master Plan of Serena Hub ………………………………...…….33 13. Figure 13-Floor Plan of Serena Hub………………………………...…….…34 14. Figure 14- Typical Floor Plans of Apartments ……………………….……...35 15. Figure 15- Location Map of Antara Senior Living ………………………….37 16. Figure 16-Floor Plans of Antara Senior Living ……………………………..38 17. Figure 17- Location Map of Ashiana Utsav, Lavasa ……………………...…41 18. Figure 18- Future expansion…………………………………………….……42 19. Figure 19- Vehicular movement ……………………………………….….…42 20. Figure 20- Pedestrian Movements…………………………………..….…….42 21. Figure 21- View of Ashiana Utsav,Lavasa ………………………..……....…43 22. Figure 22- Duplex villa 3BHK………………….……………………….…...43 23. Figure 23-1-4th Apartment 2BHK ……………………………….……….….43 24. Figure 24- G+4 Apartment 2BHK ………..……………………………..…...44 25. Figure 25- G+4 Apartment 1BHK………………………...……………….....44 26. Figure 26-Images Showing Ashiana Utsava,Lavasa………..…………….…45 27. Figure 27-Site Location……………………………………………...…….....50 28. Figure 28-Location Map……………………………………………...….…..52 29. Figure 29-Site Surroundings……………………………………………....…52 30. Figure 30-Site Functionality………………………………………………....53 31. Figure 31- Spatial Orientation and Hierarchy ………………………...….…53 32. Figure 32- Connection to Outdoor Spaces ……………………………....….53
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33. Figure 33- Ease of Access- Traditional Spaces ……………………….……54 34. Figure 34- Creating Microclimate Through Open Spaces………………..…54 35. Figure 35- Simple Path that Permit a Choice of Routes………………........54 36. Figure 36- Visibility of Open Spaces …………………………………….....55 37. Figure 37- Separating Vehicular and Pedestrian Movement on Site ……....55 38. Figure 38- Creating Microclimate Within the Vegetation ……….....................56 39. Figure 39- Territorial Boundaries ……………………..………………..….56 40. Figure 40- Option 1 for Zoning ………………...………...……………..…57 41. Figure 41- Option 2 for Zoning …………………………………………....58
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND 1.1.1 HISTORY OF OLD AGE HOMES Historical India has been a land where elders have always found a revered place in the society strong family supported system existed as a bulwark against uncertainties of the old age. The increased speed due to modernization, urbanization and industrialization has led to:
Break down of the joinery system.
Lack of security and authority of elder.
The aged prefer mutual exchange and are reluctant to accept assistance from the children.
Family can provide protection for the elderly only to a limited extent.
Manton males wouldn’t like to live with their daughters.
Intern perception relation change after the death of spouse of elders, those of the widows are unwilling to live with their married son.
Thus change in inter-personal economic deprivation, les social support, utilization are some of the important concerned problem in common which has bearing on their housing needs. The studied revealed – 70% of the respondent lives with their children, 30% of the aged lives as a problem group. Some reputed institutions have classified the problem group into four categories:
Aged person- single or couple, well to do but childless.
Elderly comprised of single or couple whose children can’t work.
Elderly comprised of well to do children but stay abroad and
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parents can’t be settled with them as they aged and health concern.
Aged having less income, and no one to look after and so on.
Housing for elderly began in939A.D. In the English alms houses, which were provided by the Church and clustered around the church and its attendant buildings. While this early example shows housing for elderly beginning with financial support from a source other than the residents of the housing. The advent of the private funding for housing or housing being paid for by the residents is a relatively new phenomenon. In India, the first home for the aged is the one started by “little sisters of the poor” (1950) in Calcutta. Although generational coresidence continues to the dominant form of housing and care for Indian elders and only 1% live in old-age homes, the numbers and types of thesis homes are growing. Help age is a non-governmental and non-profit organisation which takes care of the senior citizens and aged population of India. India has over 1000 old age homes.
Figure 1: Old People from Case Studies
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Before 19th century
Beginning of 19th century
19th century
1880-1923
20th century
1965-1970's
By 2000
• No age restricted institutions for long term-care. • But elders ended their days in almhouses. • Woment's and church groups began to establish special homes for elderly. • No. of elderly who found shelter in these institutions were limited. • Majority: widowed and single women • Old age home operated to differentate "worthy" old of a particular religion or ethnic group from most needy and destitute of the aged population. • Alms-house elderly population increased to 33% and further to 67% • Alms-ouses a symbol of failure and desapear. • Poor houses- a word of hate and loathing. • Clearly revealed the inablilty of elderly to succeed the industrial world.
• Medicine provided additional growth to nursing homes. • No. of nursing homes grew by 40%- private industry simulated. • By 1979, despite the ability of government homes to provide care, 79% of all institutionalized elderly persons resided in commercially run homes.
• Nursing homes had become a billion indusry, paid largely by Medicare; and although the elderly individuals between 65 and 74 reside in such institutions, the proportion of those over 85 increased to 85%
Table 1 – Time Line of Old Age Home
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Figure 2 – Old People from Case Studies
1.1.2 WHY OLD AGE HOMES ARE REQUIRED? For the elderly & senior people this is very important issue because you need utmost medical care & look after when you grow old whether you are in India or anywhere in the world. There are many reasons for looking for old age homes / retirement care homes in India such as migration or location of children due to their work / lack of time in youngsters / neglect / family problems etc. The concept of the old age home has become quite familiar today, but often for the wrong reasons. The idea seems to evoke a sigh of pity which is uncalled for. Firstly, it has been ascertained by social surveys that there need not be any stigma attached to the residents of old age homes and neither do they require our pity. Secondly, many parents of middle class families are neither neglected nor abandoned by their children. 2011 report by Jones Lang LaSalle Meghraj (JLLM) “In India about 7.5% of the population is above 60 years. There are over 81 million elderly people. The figure will rise to 177 million by 2025 and by 2050 it will be about 240 million Life expectancy has increased from 41 years in 1951 to 64 years today, hundreds of old age homes have sprung up in India.” 1.1.3 WHO ARE ELDERLY? The person who has attained the age of 60 and above is an old person/senior citizen People may be considered old when they become grandparents when they begin to do less work or become professionally inactive after retirement.
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1.2 SOME STATISTICS
Total populatioBirth rate:
-
22.69 /1,000
Death rate:
-
6.58 deaths/1,000 Life expectancy: 68.59 years
Male
66.28 years
Female
-
71.17 years
-
63.3%
Age Structure: 15-64 years: Male
-
374,157,581
Female
-
352,868,003
65-0ver years:
5.2%
Male
-
28,285,796
Female
-
31,277,725
Sex ratio 65 & >:
0.908 male(s)/female
90% old belong to unorganized sector, 73% are illiterate, 40% below poverty line, 33% on poverty line
Table 2 – Pie Chart Showing Percentage of Condition of Older People
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1.3. AIM
To create space for old underprivileged natives of the country with social responsive spaces catering to a symbiosis relation between the old and society.
To design a dynamic atmosphere that encourages the creative spirit by varied natural illumination and a play of lights and shadows in the exterior as well as interior of the building.
1.4. OBJECTIVES • To integrate the outdoor and indoor spaces considering the functional aspects. • To study the traditional architectural expression and its contemporary aspects • To develop a barrier free design. • To provide properly arranged learning and practising areas. • To provide a state of the art resource centre inside the campus. • To develop a design that is capable of expansion in future. • To take care of usage of local and low embodied energy materials. • To make homely feel spaces having both physical as well as psychological effect to the end users. Architectural design can help to create interacting spaces for old age group along with the maintenance of individual, group privacy and independence. • To use the techniques of green building, creating good and healthy environment.
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1.5. RATIONALE (Reasons for Choosing The Topic):India has rich culture and families bonding are very strong. The old parents are well cared by their children. But there are people who don’t have anyone to care for them and often the stays near the temples and pray for the rest of their life. For these people, an accommodation and care is the need. Old age home can be a solution to their need. Old age home will be providing the older people the care they need that is not feasible at their home and due to works and other reasons the family members may not be able to give the required care. Therefore. OLD AGE HOME would basically serve the public and provide better places for deprived people of the country.
1.6. SIGNIFICANCE:India had approximately 104 million senior citizens aged 60 and above in 2012. This number is expected to double by 2030. 53 million females 51 million males By 2050, it is likely to reach approximately 320 million, constituting 20% of the country’s total population. As per the findings by National Family Health Survey in 2005-06 (NFHS-3), every three Indian household out of five – or about 63% - are nuclear families. Currently there are approximately 30–35 senior living projects in the country. Unfortunately, this represents a major shortfall – they accommodate only 0.0001% of the target segment (India’s senior citizens). It is only after witnessing the high acceptance rate of senior living projects in North and South India that developers began training their sights on the western and eastern regions of India, predominantly targeting tier 2 and tier 3 cities. Between 60 and 70% of independent and assisted living consumers rank the quality of 12
community itself as their top priority. For those consumers, affordability comes in second place followed by the community’s neighborhood. For senior apartment’s consumers, however, affordability is most often the top priority, which makes sense given the shorter list of amenities and community services included in the rent. A recent World Health Organization report reviews evidence that simply living near a public park is good for cardiovascular and mental health, especially for older adults. Population Growth From 5.6% in 1961 the proportion has increased to 8.6% in 2011, for males it was marginally lower at 8.2% , for females it was 9.0%. As regards rural and urban areas 71% of elderly population resides in rural areas while 29 % is in urban areas. In the age-group of 60-64 years, 76% persons were married while 22% were widowed. Remaining 2% were either never married or divorced.
Site justification Hot semi-arid climate bordering with tropical wet and dry (Aw) with average temperatures ranging between 19 to 33 °C. The monsoon lasts from June to October, with moderate rainfall and temperatures ranging from 22 to 28 °C.
1.7. SCOPE:•Architecture and design not only reflects our cultures and traditions but also acts as a means
to shape the Life style and culture in a
positive direction. •The scope of my project will be intended to: •
Detailed site plan of the institute 13
•
Detailed designing of
1.
Administrative block
2.
Residential block
3.
Recreational block
4.
Canteen block
5.
Training block
•
Service layout such as water harvesting and public health services
•
Landscaping details of exterior spaces of the campus.
• All basic services to be provided through design
1.8. LIMITATIONS:•Old age home will be considered just for the urban centre with respect to the projected population of that area. •It is not meant for disabled client
1.9. MEHODOLOGY:1. Selection of the project 2. Outline the aims and objectives, scope and limitations, etc. of the project. 3. Site brief. 4. The research is further divided into primary, secondary, tertiary and final designing project. 14
2. LITERATURE STUDY AND DATA COLLECTION
2.1. HOME FOR DEPENDENT ELDERYLY PEOPLE AND THEIR NURSING HOMES:Architects-Dominique Coulon & Associés Location-Rue De La Source, 14290 Orbec, France Architects In Charge-Dominique Coulon, Benjamin Rocchi Architects Assistants-David Romero-Uzeda, Olivier Nicollas Area-5833.0 Sqm Project Year-2015 Manufacturers-Otis, Patrizio, Durand, Revnor, Acd Ernoult, Sanichauffage, Seo, Mbi, R2c Construction Site Supervision-Emilie Brichard, Jean Scherer Structural Engineer-Batiserf Ingénierie Mechanical Plumbing Engineer-BET G.Jost Electrical Engineer-BET G.Jost Cost Estimato-E3 Économie Acoustics-Euro Sound Project Kitchen Expert-Ecotral Landscape-Bruno Kubler This care and retirement home has been built in the heart of the Normandy bocage near the village of Orbec.
The building follows the sloping curve of the hillside, and is visible from the valley.
Each of the living units fits into one section of the building, and all are connected to a south-facing street, backed by the hill.
This arrangement gives views through the building from one side to the other, with light punctuating the traffic routes and achieving maximum variety.
The colour red destructures the space and adds dynamic. We have avoided using the conventional colours of the hospital environment
The building has been designed to enhance the living and walking areas. Its strength lies in its relationship with the landscape. 15

To reduce the visual impact of this imposing building, we felt it preferable to divide it up.

We achieved the desired effect by using the colour green, with the result that the building both blends into the larger landscape and reflects the rural nature of the site.

The under-faces of the overhangs and the white walls of the base produce a feeling of
lightness
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Figure 3 – Form Evolution of Case Study
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Figure 4 – Ground Floor Plan
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Figure 5 – First Floor Plan
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Figure 6 – Second Floor Plan
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Figure 7 - Elevations
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2.2 SERENA HUB, CHENNAI, TAMIL NADU
Project Name –serena hub,Senior Living
Location – Illalur Road In Kanagapattu, Thiruporur,Chennai
Architect -
Interiors -
Construction Company -
Owner - Serene Senior Living And Divyasree Developers
Total Area -11 Acres
Possession Date(S) -Apr'17
Launch Date - Oct'13
Status –Completed
Availability - New
Housing Type -Premium Housing
Types Of Dwellings- 64 Row Houses
Total Launched Dwellings -109
Dwelling Sizes - 534 Sq.Ft Upto 903 Sq.Ft
Figure 8 – Image Showing Serena Hub
In serena hub ,Villas will be a perfect example of the 360 degree view of senior living that provides utmost comfort, care and safety.
Serene senior living private limited is at the fore front foryour retirement living.
They have our retirement communities in coimbatore, chennai, pondicherry and bangalore.
They are serving this industry for the past 9 years and our projects are known for its elegant design and comfort.
Our apartments, row houses and villas are an ideal choice for senior citizens. They ensure the comfort of seniors in all our projects. They offer tailor-made, hassle-free and need-based retirement living.
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The villas are built on virtues of luxury, simplicity and convenience. Properties are located away from the city in a quiet and tranquil environment.
Project is well connected with close proximity to the happenings and prominent landmarks of the city.
Figure 9 – View of Serena Hub
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Figure 12 – Master Plan of Serena Hub
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Figure 14 – Typical Floor Plans of Apartments
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2.3 ANTARA SENIOR LIVING, DEHRADUN, UTTARAKHAND
Project Name –Antara Senior Living
Location –Dehradhun , Uttrakhand
Architect - Bradford Perkins, Perkins Eastman
Interiors - Esteva Arquitectura From Mallorca, Spain
Construction Company - Arcop Associates
Owner - Max India Group
Total Area -13.2 Acres
Possession Date(S) -Apr'17
Launch Date - Oct'13
Status –Completed
Availability - New And Resale
Housing Type -Premium Housing
Types Of Apartmental Units - 1BHK, 2BHK ,3BHK
Total Launched Apartments -224
Apartment Sizes -1402 Sqft To 5971 Sqft
Antara is trying out something new. In the absence of trained senior care manpower, developers either outsource the management of the community or use people from the hospitality/healthcare sectors. Moving away from this model, Antara has decided to manage the entire community with an in-house staff trained by the company.
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Figure 15 – Location Map of Antara Senior Living
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Figure 16 – Floor Plans of Antara Senior Living
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DESIGN PHILOSOPHY: Antara Dehradun has been designed to align itself with the physical, spiritual and emotional needs of its residents. Carefully crafted by internationally renowned architects Perkins Eastman from New York and Esteva i Esteva of Spain, and built by India's most experienced construction company, Shapoorji Pallonji, Amara Dehradun is a holistic ecosystem that offers its residents the utmost quality of living.
Master plan has been designed keeping in mind universal design principles so as to allow residents barrier-free access within the community.
The landscape design emphasizes the importance of living a lifestyle integrated with nature. The aspects of safety, security and ease of use are integrated into the landscape treatments.
The landccape includes spaces such as a yoga pavilion, creative activity zones, terrace gardens, focal plazas, organic / herbal gardens, orchard walks, etc.
The landscape design has various in-built sustainability considerations taken into account, such as rain water harvesting, grading changes and native planting zones. The site has been graded to Corn. A number of terraces to minimize the cut and fill of earth.
Vehicle and pedestrian traffic has been segregated to allow residents safe movement inside the community.
Protection of existing trees in development of master plan and residence designs.
Residences carefully oriented to take into consideration sun angles, views of the River Tons, Mussoorie hills, the lush Malsi forest and Iandscaped areas within the community.
Each residence has a mixture of apartment sizes so as to promote social bonding.
Several apartments provided with large balconies and terraces to allow the benefit of being outdoors. Ground floor apartments provided with sun decks and private garden areas.
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All weather access created through linked basements allowing residents easy movement within community.
There is a dedicated health and fitness trail carved out in the landscape. The activity zones include badminton cum tennis court, outdoor gyms and putting greens.
Rest areas have been created within the master plan at appropriate points.
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3. LIVE CASE STUDIES 3.1. ASHIANA UTSAV, LAVASA, MAHARASHTRA
Figure 17 – Location Map of Ashiana Utsav, Lavasa
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Figure 18 - Future expansion
Figure 19 - Vehicular movement
Figure 20 - Pedestrian movement
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Figure 21 – View of Ashiana Utsav,Lavasa
Figure 22 - Duplex villa 3BHK
Figure 23 - 1-4th Apartment 2BHK
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Figure 24 - G+4 Apartment 2BHK
Figure 25 - G+4 Apartment 1BHK
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Figure 26 – Images Showing Ashiana Utsava, Lavasa
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4. DESIGN CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Table 4 – Table Showing Comparative Analysis of Case Studies
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5. SITE SELECTION 5.1. SITE SELECTION CRITERIA 1. How Was The Site Selected? Most of the country’s senior living projects have cropped up in the northern and Southern regions. This is because these regions have.
A greater prevalence of nuclear families.
Higher literacy levels.
A more pronounced yen among young professionals to migrate to other countries.
Higher purchasing power, resulting in reduced dependency of seniors on family members.
It is only after witnessing the high acceptance rate of senior living projects in West and South India that the need and development of such programs in necessary in western part of our country as well. 1. How does the selection of the site support conceptual ideas for the project? The proximity to malls, shopping centers, hospital, made the place coping with the needs of independent senior livings i.e.
Active live
Care at home
Assisted living
Skilled Nursery Care
2. Physical Aspect Of The Site And Context Little Earth is a suburban oasis in maluskar city of pune. The project is conveniently connected with Pune - Mumbai Highway, BRT Road, MCA International Cricket Stadium, Hinjewadi IT Park, Pinwale and PCMC.
Site Area – 9.8 Acres/ 39659 Sqm
Nearby Pawana River- 25m Wide Bank
Distances From38
Pune International Airport Airport- 39min
Pune Railway StationStation 25min
Figure 27 - Site Location
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5.2. SITE JUSTIFICATION Hot semi-arid climate bordering with tropical wet and dry (Aw) with average temperatures ranging between 19 to 33 °C. The monsoon lasts from June to October, with moderate rainfall and temperatures ranging from 22 to 28 °C. 5.3. SITE ANALYSIS Audience Who Is Conscious About Its Post-Retirement Plans And Connects With The Idea Of Wellness And An Active Post-Retirement Lifestyle. 1. Site context
Healthcare Accessibility-Requirements of healthy living, city centers are in close proximities.
Growth Perspective-Comfortable weather of Pune suburbs.
Accessibility-Well connected
Social Ecosystem-Nearby presence of spiritual towns.
Employment Destination-For elderly who wanted to remain active with work (Pune city).
Aesthetic Ecosystem-Picturesque river valley and clean air.
Hill station- Lonavla ,Lavasa
2. Proximities
Nearby Institutional Area- 10min
Temple Activities- 5 Min
Health care- 4 min
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Figure28 – Location Map
Figure 29 – Site Surroundin
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6. DESIGN PROPOSAL 6.1. CONCEPT
Figure 30 – Site Functionality
Figure 31 – Spatial Orientation and Hierarchy
Figure 32 - Connection to Outdoor Spaces
43
Figure 33 - Ease of Access Traditional Spaces
Figure 34
- Creating Microclimate Through Open Spaces
Figure 35 - Simple Path that Permit a Choice of Route
44
Figure 36 - Visibility of Open Spaces
Figure 37 - Separating Vehicular and Pedestrian Movement on Site
45
Figure 38 - Creating Microclimate Within the Vegetation
Figure 39 - Territorial Boundaries
46
6.2.SITE SELECTION AND ALTERNATIVES
Figure 40 – Option 1 for Zoning
Figure 41 – Option 2 for Zoning
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