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Special Holiday Edition 2022
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A
Ba v ar
.S. of U
Official News
ia
Special Holiday Edition 2022 | Volume 3, Number 4
SUNNY GETAWAYS, p. 8
HISTORY OF HALLOWEEN, p. 12
GERMAN THANKSGIVING, p. 16
CHRISTMAS IN GERMANY, p. 18
Letter from the publisher
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
2 3&4 5 6
8&9
Photos by Michail Petrov / Shutterstock.com
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larly last regu e e th is s to th ew avarian N g and distributing ere B e th f re th intin ion o This edit spaper we are pr unity. In the futu ics. We m w p e m to n o c d schedule Garrison Bavaria d on specialized supported se y a b m have r s A n . U.S ers, who g of 2020, as l editio d a ia e c r e p l s a y may be to thank our lo ublished in sprin p e would lik first edition was ers. ublic e m th ff at the P ver to e s c ta u s c e g th in us sin r s particula enjoyed o ur adverti well as o k the garrison, in tionship we have together. la e We than at ventur e great re ce, for th rking on this gre cts ffi O s ir a Aff , wo roje two years to future joint p the past d r a w r fo We look
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11 12 13 14 16 & 17 18 20 & 21 22 23
Letter from the publisher Make the most of winter squash season The joys of St. Nicholas Day in Germany Everything you need to know about winter tires in Germany Beat the winter blues with a sunny getaway! Mulled wine —the German winter favorite with a twist Dogs love going on walks! The History of Halloween Halloween Food Crafts St. Martins Day in Germany Germany’s answer to Thanksgiving: Erntedankfest A Guide to the Christmas Season in Germany DIY Chrisrtmas Gifts Changing Bad Habits & Behaviours in the New Year All you need to know about Christmas trees in Germany
MASTHEAD The Bavarian News is published by AdvantiPro GmbH, Kaiserslautern, Germany, a private firm in no way connected with the Department of the Army, under exclusive contract with U.S. Army Garrison Bavaria. This commercial enterprise newspaper is an authorized publication for members of the military services overseas. Contents of the Bavarian News are not necessarily the official view of, or endorsed by, the U.S. government,
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SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
Photos by Kolpakova Svetlana, SPF / Shutterstock.com
by Ashley Dobson Contributing writer It’s winter squash season in Germany. Known as Kürbis, the same German word used for pumpkin, you can find several varieties filling the baskets at any local grocery store or commissary and lining the stands at the famers’ markets around town. Winter squashes are distinguished from summer squashes not because of the time of year they are grown and sold but because of when they are best to eat. Right now they have matured fully and their skins have developed a tough rind. This rind protects them and allows them to be stored throughout the winter, thus “winter squash.” While there are some winter squashes common in America that can’t be found in Germany, we are particularly lucky because two of the most delicious squashes are the most prevalent over here — hokkaido squash and butternut squash. Butternut squash is sweet and nutty with a firm texture similar to that of a potato. Hokkaido squash, also known as Red Kuri, looks like a mini pumpkin and is sweet, moist and dense. The skin is edible and does not need to be peeled. Both of these squashes are versatile and can be used in a variety of recipes to enjoy all winter long.
Spiced hokkaido squash soup You can’t spend a holiday season in Germany without having at least one bowl of hokkaido squash soup. This is a bit labor intensive, but every spoonful will be worth it.
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Start to finish: 60 minutes Servings: 6 1 medium onion, chopped 3 tablespoons olive oil 1 hokkaido squash, de-seeded and cut into pieces 2 small potatoes, peeled and cut into pieces 2 cloves garlic, chopped 2 teaspoons curry powder 1 teaspoon ground coriander 1/2 teaspoon ground ginger 1/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon 6 cups chicken stock Salt and pepper, to taste
Over medium heat, gently saute chopped onions with olive oil in a large saucepan until soft. Add the chopped hokkaido squash, potatoes, garlic and the four spices to the pan. Cook for about 10 minutes. Pour in the chicken stock. Begin by just covering the SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
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top of the hokkaido pieces with the stock. If you feel it is too thick, you can add in more later. Cover and simmer until the squash and potatoes are tender and soft. This should take about 10 to 12 minutes. Using a hand blender in the pan, puree the squash and potatoes until smooth and creamy. Add in more chicken stock to achieve desired soup texture. Add salt and pepper to taste. Ladle the soup into bowls. You can garnish with creme fraiche and croutons if you so choose. Recipe from www.LePetitOgre.com
Southwestern stuffed hokkaido squash Now you can mix the taste of home with this German specialty squash. This recipe is also easily converted to a vegetarian dish just by taking out the ground turkey.
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Start to finish: 90 minutes Servings: 4 2 hokkaido squashes 1 pound ground turkey 1 small onion, chopped 1/2 medium red bell pepper, chopped 1 clove garlic, minced 1 tablespoon chili powder 1 teaspoon ground cumin 2 cups cherry tomatoes, chopped 15-ounce can black beans 1/2 teaspoon salt Hot red pepper sauce, to taste 1 cup shredded Swiss cheese
Preheat oven to 375 degrees Fahrenheit or 190 degrees Celsius. Lightly coat a large baking sheet with cooking spray. Cut the hokkaido squashes in half horizontally. Scoop out and discard seeds. Place the squash cut side down on the prepared baking sheet. Bake until tender, between 30 and 45 minutes. While the squash is cooking, lightly coat a large skillet with cooking spray and heat over medium. Add the ground turkey and cook until lightly browned. Add onion and bell pepper to the skillet, stirring often, and cooking until softened. Stir in garlic, chili powder and cumin for about 30 seconds. Stir in tomatoes, beans, salt and several dashes of hot sauce. See Winter Sqash on Page 4 PAGE 3
Winter Sqash from Page 3 Cover, reduce heat and simmer until the tomatoes are broken down. This should take between 10 and 12 minutes. When the squashes are tender, take them out of the oven. Fill the squash halves with the turkey mixture and top with cheese. Place them back in the oven until the filling is heated through and the cheese is melted, about 5 to 8 minutes. Recipe adapted from www.EatingWell.com
Curry beef stuffed hokkaido squash This incredibly filling squash makes for an excellent weeknight meal. The flavors seem counterintuitive, but they blend together nicely in this dish.
Twice-baked butternut squash This creamy delight will make your tastebuds and your stomach incredibly happy. Every bite feels decadent despite the dish’s health factor — the perfect treat.
• • • • • • • • •
Start to finish: 80 minutes Servings: 2 2 butternut squashes 2 tablespoons unsalted butter 1 yellow onion, chopped 1/2 teaspoon kosher salt 8 large sage leaves, finely chopped 1/2 cup whole-milk ricotta cheese 1/2 cup plain Greek yogurt 1/2 cup parmesan cheese, grated 1/2 teaspoon ground black pepper
Preheat oven to 375 degrees Fahrenheit or 190 degrees Celsius. Lightly coat a large baking sheet with cooking spray. Cut the hokkaido squash in half horizontally. Scoop out and discard seeds. Place the squash cut side down on the prepared baking sheet. Bake until tender, between 30 and 45 minutes. Meanwhile, heat two tablespoons of olive oil in a skillet over medium heat and add the onion, garlic, mushrooms, beef, curry powder, salt and pepper. Cook, stirring often, until vegetables are cooked and beef is browned. Add the spinach and cook until it’s just wilted. Once the squash is tender, remove it from the oven. Scoop the filling into the squash halves and serve.
Preheat oven to 425 degrees Fahrenheit or 220 degrees Celsius. Prepare a baking sheet by lining it with parchment paper. Slice the stems off the butternut squashes and cut each squash in half lengthwise. Scoop out and discard the seeds. Place the squash halves cut side down on the lined baking sheet. Roast until the cut side of the squash is tender when pierced with a fork. This should take about 35 to 45 minutes. While the squashes are roasting, melt the butter in a nonstick pan over low heat. Add the onion and salt and sauté until browned at the edges. Stir in the chopped sage and sauté another 30 seconds. Remove from the heat and set aside. When the squashes are tender, remove them from the oven and turn the cut sides up. Set aside until cool enough to handle. Keep the oven on. Once the squash is cool enough to handle, the insides need to be scooped into a large bowl. With this recipe, we are only refilling two squash halves. On these two, leave a 1/2-inch border so they retain their shape. The other two halves can be completely scooped out and their skins discarded. With a potato masher, mash the roasted squash. Add in the cooked onions and sage, ricotta cheese, Greek yogurt, parmesan cheese and pepper and thoroughly combine. Scoop the mixture into the two remaining squash halves and return to the oven until the tops begin to brown. This should take about 20 minutes. Serve immediately.
Recipe adapted from www.CookItUpPaleo.com
Recipe from www.CoffeeandQuinoa.com
• • • • • • • • • •
Start to finish: 45 minutes Servings: 2 1 hokkaido squash 2 tablespoons olive oil 1/2 onion, chopped 2 cloves garlic, minced 2 cups mushrooms, chopped 1/2 pound ground beef 2 teaspoons curry powder Salt, to taste Ground black pepper, to taste 2 cups fresh spinach, chopped
Photos by Kolpakova Svetlana, SPF / Shutterstock.com
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SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
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The joys of St. Nicholas Day in Germany by Megan Finley Contributing writer If you wake up the morning of Dec. 6 to find a full bag of candy or presents waiting for you, it’s likely you received a visit from St. Nicholas. In parts of Germany, “Sankt Nikolaus,” or as we call him in English, St. Nicholas, brings gifts for children on “Nikolaustag,” St. Nicholas Day. Houses are thoroughly cleaned, and children clean their shoes or boots, preferably the biggest pair possible, in preparation for the big man to visit.
SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
The evening before St. Nicholas Day, children place letters and carrots or other food near their shiny shoes for the bishop with the flowing beard and staff and his white horse or donkey. These items are sometimes left outside, under a bed or near a window for St. Nicholas to come fill them with goodies. St. Nicholas then goes from house to house with a book where all of the children’s deeds for the year are carefully noted. In theory, if the children have been good, he fills their shoes or a plate with fruits, nuts and candies. If the children have been bad, their shoes are filled with potatoes, coal and twigs.
Also on this day, many children recite poems or sing songs for the bishop. Some even make a small gift for him. Other traditions include lighting candles on the Advent wreath and the Christmas pyramid with a nativity scene; and then some families read stories and sing songs as everyone waits for his arrival. When there is a knock on the door, the jolly saint comes in with his book and sack of goodies. Then, one of the children holds his staff for him as he asks them, “Have you behaved yourself?” If the answer is “yes,” he gives out gifts and goodies for everyone to share. The children share their
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surprises with St. Nicholas as well. Different areas of Germany have different customs. For example, in Stuttgart children dress up as the jolly saint and go door to door for sweets. In the Moselle region, St. Nicholas is known as the patron saint who protects the people from danger. During the time of the Celts and Romans, ships were towed up the river using manpower and later animals, a dangerous procedure. Therefore shrines and chapels dedicated to the saint were built along the Moselle River in exchange for his protection.
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EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT
WINTER TIRES IN GERMANY
Photo by PavelKant / Shutterstock.com
Winter tires must be marked with the 3-peak mountain and snowflake by Sept. 30, 2024.
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by USAG Bavaria Public Affairs Warm weather is giving way to cold, which means you should prepare your vehicle now for winter. One important thing to know before you hit the road in winter is that Germany has different tire requirements than the United States. European winter tires have two kinds of markings: a snowflake for snow tires or M+S for tires designed to work in mud and snow, or “matsch und schnee” in German. All-season or all-weather tires may also have the markings and are acceptable for winter driving, but tires designed specifically for snow function better than all-weather tires. Because you reside in Germany, you may be asking: What kind of winter tires does the German law require? First, it is very important to look for certain signs placed on the tire. In November 2010, the Bundestag, Germany’s parliament, passed a federal law that is much more specific about winter tires. This German federal law was amended in 2015 to require the use of winter tires when conditions are icy. As of January 2018, new winter tires must be marked with the Alpine-Symbol (a 3-peak mountain with a snowflake in the center). If you own all-season tires or winter tires marked with M+S and produced prior to 2018, they are still approved until Sept. 30, 2024. The law also applies to motorbikes, trucks and buses, regardless of whether the driver is
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the owner or is renting the vehicle. All of these vehicles must be equipped with winter tires if you drive in snow or icy conditions. The German law mandated by the Bundestag, requiring winter tires during icy conditions, does not specify dates, according to ADAC, the German auto club that provides roadside assistance and air rescue. Many German drivers; however, abide by the general rule of “von O bis O” (from O to O), which means snow tires should be put on in October and remain on until Ostern (Easter). According to the USAG Bavaria Safety office and ADAC, to drive in Germany — no matter the road conditions — ensure you have a tire tread depth of at least 1.6 millimeters. The best is to have 4 millimeters, according to ADAC. A one euro coin can be used for a quick “tread check.” When placed in the tire’s tread, you should not be able to see the golden edge of the coin. If you can, the tire needs to be replaced. Community members can change tires by themselves, at the on-post Auto Skills Center. In some parts of Germany, particularly in the southern mountainous region, snow chains may be required if directed by road signs or police. USAG Bavaria Safety office and ADAC recommend carrying snow chains and checking your route prior to heading out. Know how to put snow chains on before you need them, and make sure you don’t exceed 50 kph when driving with them. If you’re unsure if other countries have similar tire laws, check the European Road Safety website. And for more on winter driving, check out the Army Europe Drivers Handbook and Examination. Remember, if you don’t follow these requirements, you can receive a ticket of 80 euro or higher. If you have questions, contact USAG Bavaria Safety office at DSN 526-2303, CIV 09641-70-526-2303.
Be smart and drive safe Bavaria!
SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
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Beat the winter blues with a sunny getaway! by Katie F. Boltuch contributing writer Betty Williams was definitely on to something when she said, “When all else fails, take a vacation!” With winter rapidly approaching and the temps slowly dropping, it’s only natural to want to travel somewhere warmer. In fact, it’s likely that at some point this fall or winter you’ll fantasize about relaxing on a beach with a cold beverage in hand. Maybe your fantasy
stops there simply because you’re unfamiliar with your options. But, I assure you, there are options! From the Italian Riviera to locations you may have never heard of before, there are plenty of places to chase those winter blues away.
The Canary Islands, Spain Locally known as The Canaries, this archipelago is located Southwest of Spain and about 100 kilometers West of Morocco. The Canary chain consists of seven islands: Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura, Lanzarote, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma, and El Hierro. While each island offers travelers something special, the major tourist attractions lay on Lanzarote and Tenerife. From the National Park of Timanfaya on
Lanzarote where you can travel by camel to see the sites to the eight relaxing beaches on Tenerife, there is something for everyone! This paradisiacal group of islands enjoys a wonderful climate with a constant mild temperature throughout the year and splendid beaches of fine sand. To learn more about Las Islas Canarias, visit www. hellocanaryislands.com
Photo by Balate Dorin / Shutterstock.com
The Côte d’Azur, France This region is known as the playground to jetsetters, fashion models, and millionaires. It’s also the place were French actress Brigitte Bardot was discovered. And if you have an interest in all things nautical, the area draws numerous luxury yachts from all over the world. Can’t decide where to go? Visit www. frenchriviera-tourism.com to help with your selection process.
Photo by Pavlo Baliukh / Shutterstock.com
More commonly known as The French Riviera, the Côte d’Azur makes up the Mediterranean coastline from the southeastern corner of France all the way to and including, Monaco. Some of the more famous seaside resorts within this region include Saint-Tropez, Nice, and Cannes. With more than 300 days per year of sunshine, 71 miles of coastline and beaches, and 18 golf courses there are plenty of activities to keep the winter blues away.
Photo by Laborant / Shutterstock.com
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SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
The Italian Riviera From one coastline to another, the Italian Riviera is simply a geographical extension of the Côte d’Azur that begins in the Italian city Ventimiglia and ends at Capo Corvo. More commonly known to the locals as the Ligurian Riviera because it includes almost the entire coastline of Liguria. Some of the better-known areas on the Italian Riviera include Genoa, Portofino, and the Cinque Terre. The Italian Riviera oozes charm and irresistible allure, with many seaside
resort towns and colorful villages that seem like the long-lost cousins of newer seaside paradises found elsewhere. Considered somewhat of a utopia, the area has been a haven for artists, writers, celebrities, and royalty since the 1800s. With its mild climate and unique beauty, the Italian Riviera should definitely be a top choice! With so many options to choose from, be sure to plan your trip by using any number of helpful websites. Photo by kavalenkava / Shutterstock.com
Malta Just 50 miles south of Italy in the Mediterranean Sea, The Republic of Malta is more famously known throughout history for its naval base. Officially gaining independence from the United Kingdom in 1964, Malta has always been a popular vacation destination due to its warm climate and tourist attractions that include some of the oldest free-standing structures in the world.
In the winter months, temperatures are mild so sun and fun are the name of the game. Whether you choose to see the 7,000 years worth of history or just relax on an island cruise, Malta will not disappoint! There are a variety of tailor-made holiday packages available on www.visitmalta.com Concerned about getting there? Don’t be; Lufthansa and Air Malta offer direct flights!
Photo by kavalenkava / Shutterstock.com
Madeira, Portugal Maybe your version of relaxation involves a lot of hiking and outdoor activities. If that’s the case, Madeira is for you! Despite the 99 miles of coastline, most of it consists of rock and cliffs. This mountainous island’s highest peak measures just over 6,000 feet high. On your adventure, be sure to explore the “Grutas de São Vicente,”. Better known as the São Vicente Caves, these geographic treasures were created by an underground channel of lava from an eruption that occurred about 400,000 years ago!
Looking to expand your German palette of wine and beer? Don’t miss out on your chance to taste Poncha. Made from distilled sugar cane juice, this alcoholic drink also includes honey, sugar, lemon rind, and lemon juice. But don’t let the sweetness fool you, it’s pretty strong! To plan your trip, visit www.madeiraweb.com for more details. And with direct flights out of Frankfurt, it’s an island destination you’ll want to add to your list! Photo by eyeris.work / Shutterstock.com
Sardinia Sardinia has some of the Mediterranean’s luxurious beaches! The second largest island in the Mediterranean, Sardinia is a typical island getaway. Despite being a major tourist destination, the island still boasts well-preserved beaches and mountains. Plenty to do for the history buff and shopper extraordinaire! Visit Costa Smeralda and Porto Cervo. Costa Smeralda offers
elite hotels, five-star beaches and Beverly Hills-type shopping. Simultaneously, the historian can roam around the remnants of Sardinia’s ancient nuraghic culture as well as the ruins from the Cathaginians and Romans. Various airlines fly to Sardinia from Frankfurt Main, giving you plenty of options to select from.
Photo by Francesco Maltinti / Shutterstock.com
SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
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by Leonie Milde contributing writer Glühwein, which literally translates to ‘glow wine,’ is a staple at every outdoor event throughout the winter months. It lets you continue to take advantage of your convenient location in the heart of Rheinland-Pfalz’s wine region without sacrificing any fingers as you’re watching snow fall on the romantically lit Christmas markets you will spend your holiday season at. And because we know there are days when you just don’t want to go outside but still crave a cup of liquid Christmas joy, here are six ways to make it at home: All you need to do is heat the wine, making sure it never boils or the alcohol will boil away, either add all ingredients straight to the wine or put them in a tea filter and let it sit for at least half an hour before reheating. Pour through a strainer or take out bag of spices. Serve hot.
Mulled wine — the German winter favorite with a twist
Photo by Oksana Shufrych / Shutterstock.com
Red Cranberry If you like sweet and fruity drinks, this variation was made for you.
Photo by Roman Stetsyk / Shutterstock.com
White Apple Apple and cinnamon will warm your heart on gloomy afternoons while the rum adds just a hint of beachy sunshine to your cup. • 1 bottle of dry white wine of choice • 13 ounces strong apple tea • 2 tablespoons fresh ginger, sliced • 1 organic orange, sliced • 1-2 ounces brown rum • 3 tablespoons honey • 2 cinnamon sticks • 1/3 teaspoon ground cinnamon • 1 apple, thinly sliced (add just before reheating)
• 1 bottle of dry red wine of choice • 17 ounces cranberry juice • 2-3 ounces orange liquor (Cointreau or Grand Marnier) • 2 cinnamon sticks • 1 apple, sliced • optional: dried cranberries (add before serving)
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Red Classic
Sworn Document Translator for English Translates from German into English & vice versa: Legal & medical documents, different types of certificates, business & private correspondence, etc.
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White vanilla Try a white take on the classic mulled wine. • 1 bottle of dry, white wine of choice • 1 cup orange juice • 1 teaspoon cloves • 2 star anise pods • 1 teaspoon cinnamon • 1 tablespoon “gingerbread spice” (look for ‘Lebkuchengewürz’ at any German supermarket) • 1 vanilla bean • 3-4 tablespoons sugar, honey or agave nectar
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Apple wine Being a Hessian staple, this could not be missing on my list. Apple wine is far less sweet than one would presume and generally diluted with either lemonade or water so don’t leave that step out or it may taste too bitter. • 1 bottle of apple wine of choice • 3-4 ounces water • 3 tablespoon sugar • 3 cloves • 2 lemons, sliced
Photo by ikrolevetc/Shutterstock.com
You can never go wrong with a classic red wine and cinnamon! • 1 bottle of dry red wine of choice • 1 orange, sliced • 2 sticks of cinnamon • 3 cloves • 2 -3 tablespoons honey, agave syrup or sugar
SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
Dogs love going on
L
walks!
iving with a pet, particularly a dog, is an enrichment for everyone who loves animals. But, as with all kinds of pets, the most important thing before taking a dog into your home, is making sure that you will be able to satisfy all the new family member’s needs. Dogs are very sensitive and social individuals. One of the most important things you need to provide is enough exercise by taking it out on walks. Some people may think that a dog is satisfied with playing in the yard or dog park but walks are not only crucial for its physical health, they also allow them to see new things, discover all kinds of distractions, get used to regularly seeing foreign people, socialize with other dogs, get used to traffic and noises of daily life. A healthy, adult dog needs at least 2 hours of walking per day. For puppies, it is a little dif-
SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
by Marion Velten professional dog trainer contributing writer Photos by www.BB-SnapShot.de
ferent. Their bones and joints are still fragile and soft. For them, the average is 1 minute of walking per week of age. This means an 11 week-old puppy should not be walked more than 11-15 minutes at once. There are wonderful places in and around Germany where dogs can run freely and off the leash. And your dog is not the only one who will benefit from the walks: going out into nature, breathing fresh air, exercising and meeting new people is just as healthy for us humans. A lot of German citizens speak English and encountering fellow dog owners often leads to new friendships. Taking your dog on walks means that your furry friend needs to be well-trained: it should not pull on the leash, bark at people or other dogs. Those are very important skills, which your dog should learn quickly. Otherwise walks can be more than frustrating for the
both of you. Once your dog has learned to behave outside, you will see how refreshing and relaxing a dog walk can be. It will come home, exhausted and satisfied, happy to simply lie down and take a nap for the next 2 or 3 hours, dreaming of all the exiting things he has just encountered. And believe me, you will feel the same. Nothing better than a good walk in fresh air! During the winter months you might lack the motivation to go out and may consider cutting your usual routes short once the days do the same. However, winter walks come with a number of health benefits and should not be underestimated, not to mention the fact that your dog does not care about the weather and still needs his daily workout. Once you’ve given your body a few minutes to adjust to the cold, nothing but good things will follow. Any form of exercise, no matter
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the pace, increases your overall energy for the rest of the day while simultaneously helping you sleep better and longer at night. Vitamin D is crucial to your bones’ health by supporting your body in absorbing calcium and noticeably boosts your mood as it functions like a natural antidepressant. Unplugging for as little as one hour each day can help reduce stress and feelings of anxiety as well as inspiring you to enjoy the beauty that’s right in front of you, be it nature, friends you meet on your walks or simply your dog’s happy face as it frolics through snowcovered fields. Bonus: your body will burn more calories as it’s trying extra hard to keep you warm. And finally, think about how accomplished and relaxed you’ll feel once you and your furry buddy curl up on the couch with a well-deserved cup of hot chocolate or tea.
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by MilitaryInGermany.com Halloween is almost upon us, bringing a celebration that’s a favorite for kids and adults alike! This popular U.S. holiday is known for trick-or-treating, candy, costume parties, haunted houses, bonfires and carving jack-o-lanterns. It is filled with mystery, magic and superstition. Halloween has been observed for many centuries in some countries. Discover more about the origins of Halloween! Pagan Ritual Halloween’s origins dates back around 2000 years and has roots in pagan beliefs. It was an ancient Celtic (Gaelic) festival called Samhain which celebrated the end of harvest season. Marked as the Celtic New Year, the ancient Gaels believed Samhain was the time to take stock of supplies and prepare for winter. They also saw October 31 as the day that overlapped the boundaries between the worlds of the living and the dead. Additionally, it was the day that the dead would return to the earth and cause mayhem such as sickness or damaged crops. The festival often involved bonfires as well masks and costumes were worn in attempt to mimic and appease evil spirits. Christian Influence Today’s Halloween customs are thought to have been also influenced by Christian practices. Also known as All Saints’ Eve, Hallowe’en or All Hallows’ Eve, the word Halloween is the shortening of All Hallows’ Evening. Since the time of primitive Church, major feasts (such as Christmas and Easter) had vigils that began the night PAGE 12
before (such as Christmas Eve), as did the feast of All Hallows. In regards to religion and America, according to the American author Lesley Pratt Bannatyne, Anglican colonists in the South and Catholic colonists in Maryland recognized All Hallow’s Eve in their church calendars during colonial era. Modern Halloween Over the millennia Halloween has evolved from a somber pagan ritual to a cheerful celebration. It was in the 19th century that the Irish and Scottish immigrants carried versions of Halloween traditional activities including trick-or-treating, bonfires, costume parties, visiting haunted houses and carving jack-o-lantern to North America. Halloween has transitioned over time into secular, merriment events such as trick-ortreating for children and costume parties for adults. The holiday was embraced in the late 20th century in the United States, Canada, Puerto Rico and the United Kingdom as well as Australia and New Zealand. Now it is celebrated in various others countries including Japan, China, Mexico and many others. Halloween in America Today Halloween is the second largest commercial holiday in which Americans spend an estimated $6 billion annually.
The once pagan celebration showed up in America dating back to colonial time. Documents show that Halloween was common in Maryland and southern colonies but extremely limited in the New England region due to the rigid Protestant belief systems. A version of Halloween began to emerge in America as the beliefs and customs of different European ethnic groups and the American Indians meshed. The initial festivities included public events in celebrations of harvest, neighbors sharing stories of the dead as well as dancing and singing. By the 19th century this annual autumn festivity was common in some but not all places in the U.S. Trick-or-treating was taken from Irish and English traditions during the second half of the 19th century. Americans began to dress up in costume and go house to house asking for food and money, which eventually became today’s trick-or-treat tradition. In the later part of the century there was a move in America to create a holiday that was more about community and neighborly get togethers than about ghosts, pranks and witchcraft. Halloween parties for children
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and adults became focused on games and festive costumes as well. There was an effort to take anything frightening out of Halloween celebrations. By the early 20th century, Halloween became a wide-spread and communitycenter holiday with parades and town-wide parties. It was in the 1950s when it evolved into a holiday directed mainly at the young with parties moving from town civic centers into the classroom or home.
There was also a revival of trick-or-treating due to the increase number of children during the 1950s baby boom and because trick-or-treating was an inexpensive way for the community to observe Halloween. SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
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by MilitaryInGermany.com
3.
Breadstick Bones A fun, savory treat that’s perfect for hors d’oeuvres trays, lunchboxes, and after school snacks!
There are so many things to love about Halloween—the costumes, the decorations, and most of all, the food! These Halloween food crafts are perfect for getting you into the Halloween spirit. Best of all, they’re easy for kids and adults to make (and eat, too)!
What You Need: 1 tube of refrigerated breadstick dough, salt, 1 tablespoon parmesan cheese, 1 tablespoon butter (melted), and marinara sauce.
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Here are 4 easy and creative Halloween food crafts you can put together:
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White Chocolate Banana Ghost Pops A fun and relatively healthy snack that both adults and kids will adore! What You Need: All you need for this craft are some bananas, Popsicle sticks, white chocolate, wax paper, and mini chocolate chips.
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Jack O’Lantern Krispies Treats A festive twist on a classic treat.
What You Need: 6 cups of puffed rice cereal, 3 tablespoons butter, ½ teaspoon of vanilla extract, 5 ½ cups of mini marshmallows, orange food coloring, mini tootsie rolls, and your favorite candy for decorations. What To Do: Melt the butter in a large pot over medium heat. Add the vanilla extract and the marshmallows and stir until completely melted. Add the food coloring until it reaches the desired orange color. Add cereal and stir until completely combined. Take pot off the heat and allow mixture to cool a bit. Form the treats into medium-sized pumpkins. Press a tootsie roll into the top to act as the stem. Add candy for decorations, and enjoy!
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What To Do: Unroll the tube of dough and separate the breadstick pieces. Roll each breadstick and use scissors to cut a ½ inch slit in the center of each end of the breadstick. Place on an ungreased baking sheet, spread out the ends a bit, and brush with butter. Sprinkle each breadstick with parmesan cheese and a little salt. Bake at the recommended temperature for about 12-14 minutes or until golden brown. Serve with marinara dipping sauce.
4.
Peanut Butter and Jelly Halloween Sandwiches A fun way to brighten up your child’s lunchbox What You Need: Bread, peanut butter, and jelly of your choice, mini chocolate chips, and your favorite Halloween-themed cookie cutter.
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What To Do: Make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich as you normally would, when you finish, use the cookie cutter to turn your sandwich into a fun Halloween-themed lunch like ghosts or monsters. You can also add salt sticks and turn them into spiders!
What To Do: Cut each of your bananas in half and insert a popsicle in the base. Place them in the freezer for 30 seconds to harden. Melt the white chocolate according to the instructions, and allow to cool slightly. Dip the bananas into the white chocolate and then set them on the wax paper to harden. While the chocolate sets, use the mini chocolate chips to make ghost “eyes.” Freeze your pops until ready to eat.
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Author’s profile Sydney Gallimore is the founder of Queen of the Food Age, a Charleston Food blog that posts restaurant reviews, recipes, and other random fodder.
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St. Martins Day in Germany November 11 is a special day around the world — mainly for commemorating those who were lost in battle whilst bravely defending our freedoms. When Americans and Britons are observing Veterans Day/Remembrance Day, most Austrians and German Catholics are celebrating a different kind of holiday — the Feast of Saint Martin or Martinstag. Sankt Martin (ca. 317-397) was Bishop of Tours, France and one of the most revered saints in Europe. St. Martin was known as friend of the children and patron of the poor — when Martin was a soldier in the Roman army, he tore his cloak in two to share it with a freezing beggar at Amiens. Historically in Germany, Martinstag was celebrated as the end of the harvest season (Thanksgiving). For workers and the poor it was a time when they had a chance to enjoy some of the bounty and get a few crumbs from the nobles’ table (“einige Krümel vom reichgedeckten Tisch”) as it was primarily observed by
the craftsmen and noblemen of the towns. A banquet of roasted goose (die Martinsgans) is traditionally eaten on this day — with red cabbage and dumplings. The goose became a symbol of St. Martin of Tours because of a legend that when trying to avoid being ordained bishop he hid in a goose pen, where he was betrayed by the cackling of the geese. The feast day of St. Martin’s also conveniently falls in November, when geese are ready to be sold. St Martin’s Day was an important medieval autumn feast, and the custom of eating goose spread across Europe. In the peasant community, not everyone could afford to eat goose, so many ate duck or hen instead. Today in many parts of Europe the feast is celebrated by processions of children with candle-lit lanterns (Martinslaternen — see the German children’s song “Ich geh mit meiner Laterne“). In former times, Martinstag was the “official” start of winter and the 40-day Christmas fast. Today Martinstag is the unofficial start of the Christmas shopping season in German.
Martin’s lantern photo by Irina Wilhauk/Shutterstock.com
by MilitaryInGermany.com
Martin’s goose with brussel sprouts and red cabbage photo by KarepaStock/Shutterstock.com
St. Martin of Tours graphic by volcebyyou/Shutterstock.com
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At the end of the lantern procession, the community gathers around St. Martin’s bonfire in many places.
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ERNTEDANKFEST
by MilitaryInGermany.com Even though harvest festivals predate Christianity, the German Thanksgiving is a traditional Christian celebration that serves as a way for believers to thank God for the gifts of harvest. As a result, most local church communities will have a special service or even a small event to celebrate.
rides and more will take place across 50 booths between Oct. 1 and 16. The famous thanksgiving parade with more than 3,000 participants will float through town on Oct. 9. For more information go to www.michaelis-kirchweih.de
3.
Gunzenhausen Family Fest
Gunzenhausen’s family thanksgiving event is specially designed for kids to have a fun day. An adventure playground, coffee, cakes and other amusing highlights await kids of all ages at Seezentrum Wald from Oct. 1 to 3. Gunzenhausen is only 30 minutes from Ansbach by car.
4.
Ansbach Farmer’s Market
It is not an official German holiday but still a popular date in the German calendar, especially at daycares and pre-schools, at the end of September or early October, with most church services taking place on the first Sunday of October, which falls on October 2 in 2022. Erntedankfest is not a big day of family get-togethers and feasting like you may be accustomed to in the U.S. It is primarily a rural celebration, and is part of a church service in larger cities. In many Germany communities, however, festivities also include parades with floats and marching bands as well as farmer’s markets.
Ansbach’s Franconian farmer’s market invites visitors to stroll, sample and take home regional delicacies on Oct. 2 and 3 in Ansbach’s city center. Whilst in Germany, why not soak in some traditional German culture? Though usually a regional event and often times a religious celebration, Germany’s Thanksgiving (Erntedankfest) is a colorful festivity with parades, farmer’s markets, live music, traditional costumes, activities for kids and much more.
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Kaiserslautern Thanksgiving Festival
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Munich Farmer’s Market Photo by Matej Kastelic/Shutterstock.com
Munich’s biggest farmer’s market will take place at Odeonsplatzon Sept. 25, between 10 a.m. and 5:30p.m. Find exclusively regional delicacies, fresh produce, wine, juices, liquors, flowers and much more along with culinary delights and kids’ entertainment. For more information go to www.bauernmarktmeile.de
2.
Fürth Fun Fair Fürth’s Kirchweih, an elaborate festival with live music, traditional dance performances, food, fair
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Photo by Mariusz S. Jurgielewicz/Shutterstock.com
GERMANY’S ANSWER TO THANKSGIVING:
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On Sept. 14, Kaiserslautern’s Stiftplatz will turn into an autumnal wonderland with regional delicacies to sample and buy as well as live music and kids’ entertainment with balloon artists, a bouncy castle, pumpkin carving and much more.
6.
Wiesbaden Thanksgiving Festival
Visit Wiesbaden’s Erntedankfest on Sept. 24 and 25 for more than 50 booths of culinary delights and family-friendly fun. Regional delicacies and kids’ entertainment await! SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
Photo by pikselstock/Shutterstock.com
When you think of Thanksgiving, you probably think of the 1621 Pilgrims and the Native Americans in New England giving thanks for that year’s harvest. Well the offering of thanks at harvest time is not unique to the United States. Giving thanks during harvesting has been observed in many other cultures throughout history including ancient Egyptians and Greeks. Germany has its own Thanksgiving celebration, called “Erntedankfest,” which literally translates to harvest-thanks-fest.
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A Guide to the Christmas Season in Germany by MilitaryInGermany.com Anyone who’s stood amidst the glow of a Weihnachtsmarkt or Christmas market knows that the holiday season in Germany is special. Most towns and small villages hold their own Christmas markets, so keep an eye on your local community calendar for Christmas markets starting from the beginning of December.
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Advent Sundays
Advent Sundays help usher in the festivities. Advent Sundays are the four Sundays in December leading up to Christmas. Because you count down to Christmas, the dates for Advent Sundays change from year to year (in 2022 they will be Nov. 27, Dec. 4, 11 and 18). Traditionally, a wreath with four candles is placed on a living room or dining room table. On each Sunday before Christmas, one of the candles is lit, culminating in the fourth candle lighting on the fourth Advent Sunday, just days before Christmas Eve.
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Advent Calendar
Children have their own ritual with the observance of the Advent Calendar tradition that counts down the 24 days leading up to Christmas. Each day on the calendar has a little door or window that, when opened, reveals a treat (usually a chocolate, candy, or toy). However, for children in Germany, St. Nicholas Day is when they find PAGE 18
out whether they were naughty or nice. On the evening of Dec. 5, German children put out their boots before bed. If they’ve been good, they wake to find that St. Nicholas has visited and with the help of his assistant, Knecht Ruprecht, placed small gifts and candy in their boots. In Bavaria, St. Nicholas and Ruprecht are accompanied by the Krampus, a horned creature who is there to punish the children who haven’t been so good.
While the festivities feel the same as a New Year’s Eve celebration in the United States, in Germany, they are actually celebrating Saint Sylvester. At midnight, a great noise is heard through fireworks and church bells. This tradition, that noise helps ward off spirits, dates back to pre-medieval times.
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In southern parts of Germany a number of days are celebrated called Rauhnaechte. This begins on Dec. 25 and marks the coming of Epiphany. Traditionally, a smudging, or burning of incense, is done daily during this twelve-day period. Farmers would burn incense throughout the house and stables to drive out the bad in anticipation of the New Year.
Advent wreath
The Advent wreath is important for many households because it serves as the main signal in the household that Christmas is coming. Traditionally, the Christmas tree is not put up or displayed until Christmas Eve. After counting down the days during the Advent season, the tree becomes the centerpiece for the night. Together, families decorate the tree and after dinner, the tree is lit and gifts are exchanged. The Christkind, or Christ child, brings Christmas presents – not Santa Claus as it is in the United States. The way Christmas is celebrated in Germany mirrors the way many European countries (and former European colonies) celebrate this time of year.
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Silvester In Germany, New Year’s Eve is called Silvester. Pope Sylvester I is reported to have died on Dec. 31, 335. www.Bavariannews.com
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Rauhnaechte
Epiphany Singers
You might have noticed a series of letters and numerals written in chalk above front doors – this marking was left by Sternsinger or Star Singers. On Epiphany, children dressed up as the holy three kings, Caspar, Melchior and Balthasar, walk from door to door singing and collecting donations. In turn they bless the house with this code “20 C+M+B 21.” The first two and last two digits show the year of the blessing, i.e. 2021. The letters stand for “Christus mansionem benedicat,” which is Latin for “Christ bless this house.” SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
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by MilitaryInGermany.com Are you tired of the gifts you give at Christmas falling short of the love you intend to share? Do you have a knack for crafting and quick learning? Do you want to save money while also giving out meaningful Christmas gifts? Now is the time to start thinking about DIY crafts you can turn into the best kind of presents. There are many online stores that can give you inspiration. I’ve found that getting in the holiday spirit first means finding the right Christmas decorations to cheer your home. Creating your own gifts become much easier when you are surrounded with a festive environment. Here are a few ideas for gifts you can start making now and have finished by Christmas:
DIY
Knitted Winter Apparel Everyone needs warm things to use in the wintertime, so you can’t go wrong with knitted items for loved ones on your Christmas list. Scarves and hats are an easy place for beginners to start. More experienced knitters can make sweaters, gloves, mittens, socks, blankets, stuffed toys, and all sorts of other gifts for friends and family of all ages. The average beginner can finish a scarf in one or two weeks. Some larger scale projects can take longer depending on your experience level. It is best to start earlier rather than later if you hope to make enough items for everyone.
Gifts
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Scrapbooks Scrapbooks can be a sentimental monument for any occasion or relationship. If you are a packrat, you may find your work is halfway done. Do you want to make one for your significant other? Look for every program, ticket stub, love letter or photo you can find that points back to the time you have spent together. Did you keep one of those flowers he gave you for Valentine’s Day? All of this can be arranged inside a scrapbook to give as a gift. The longer you spend compiling materials for a scrapbook, the better it is going to be. However, the memorabilia is only part of the project. You also have to pick the paper, design the cover, and decide how you want to arrange your items inside. Some like to organize everything chronologically. However, you will find there are different effects to be achieved depending on how you group things together on each page. A scrapbook is a very thoughtful gift. It is not something you can get away with putting together hastily. If you decide you want to make one, it is best to start on it many months or even years ahead of time. You can be certain that every bit of love you put into this project will show. Beaded Jewelry A trip to any art market or craft website will tell you that homemade jewelry is back in style. Rather than paying the price of demand for these gifts, why not make them yourself? You can find the materials at any craft store, and you can even order special beads or pendants from the internet. The initial investment will be insignificant compared SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITION 2022
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Quilting People develop all kinds of attachments to all kinds of cloth items. Towels, old tee shirts, blankets, pillowcases, and even socks can hold on to memories for years beyond their use. The colors, textures and smells seem to linger in our minds forever. This is why we choose to hang on to such items long after their functional potential has expired. The trash dump seems like such a cruel fate for things of such great emotional value. On the other hand, so does a plastic container in the closet. Try repurposing your sentimental fabrics into patches for quilted Christmas gifts. This classic craft has not seen the same recent revival as knitting, so you will have the advantage of knowing the people on your list are not likely to receive other quilted Christmas gifts. These can also be reserved for the more personal connections in your life. Is it baby’s first Christmas? Make a quilt out of the old baby clothes you couldn’t bring yourself to throw away. Are you looking for a special way to express love to an old friend? Go through your closet and find clothes you were wearing on meaningful occasions throughout your friendship. Cut them into squares and make them into a quilted blanket and pillow set. All you need are scissors and a sewing machine to turn your sentimental clothing items into something truly befitting of their significance.
to what you would pay for individual beaded items from a merchant. Anyone with an eye for color and arrangement will be surprised at how easy beading can be. Start by thinking about what your loved ones look for in this kind of thing. Make a list to brainstorm about the preferences of each person you want to give to this year. What colors do they wear the most? Is there anything you know they wouldn’t like? Do they have an animal or totem they identify with? Often times you can find beads or charms to match. Also decide what you want to make for each person. Masculine styles can be a little challenging, but they shouldn’t be considered impossible. Bracelets, necklaces, key chains and earrings are just a few of the things you can make with beads. Maybe your best friend has a really fantastic dress she loves to wear. You can make her a custom necklace to go with it. Photo by MaxCab/Shutterstock.com
Quilting
You will have plenty of time to create something special for each person on your Christmas list if you begin the process today. You don’t have to pick just one of these ideas. Maybe you want to give out a combination of these and other homemade gifts. Whatever you decide, homemade gifts are always more personal. They also take time. If you want to make sure everyone your special someone has at least one Christmas gift they wouldn’t return, you are better off getting started on your DIY Christmas crafting and gifting before autumn is over.
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Beaded Jewelry
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Empower Your Creative Imagination
Changing Bad Habits & Behaviours in the New Year Each year, when we celebrate New Year, it is natural to recognize that time is passing and to ask ourselves if we are living our lives the way we really want to. We are reminded of the power we have to choose. We do this by setting an intention, often referred to as a resolution, to better ourselves. Most of us would choose to lose those extra pounds, cut out unnecessary drinking and smoking and develop more rewarding behaviors like deepening relationships with our spouse, family, and friends. Here is how to get started… •
Become aware of your spiritual center, and some of the things you feel sincerely grateful for – the love of people you love, your skills and talents, the roof over your head and the food on your table – whatever awakens the feeling of gratitude.
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Remember that you are not an accident, that you have a purpose, that your life has a mission, that you have a duty to the deepest part of yourself and while you may not owe others anything, your purpose includes not standing in the way of other people’s happiness.
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Now think of one of the patterns in your life that you would like to change – a behavior that is not serving you. Come on! Choose just one harmful vice that you want to exchange for a wise response pattern. Your thoughts, emotions, and attitude all affect behaviors as well as things you say or do: Which would you like to change?
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Again, remember that feeling of gratitude, and feel the joy, happiness, power, spiritual renewal, and love it puts you in touch with. Relax deeply, empty your mind of distractions, and focus intently on the emotional quality within. Take the time to really feel. Take a walk somewhere that inspires you – perhaps somewhere in nature.
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Now, while you are feeling inspired, strong, and open to changing behaviors, think about the negative behavior you have had in the past, be aware that it is not a permanent part of you, that you can live very well without it, and it is possible to remove it permanently. Now, in your mind, replace that harmful behavior with what you want. In other words, picture yourself behaving differently in response to the same triggers.
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Concentrate, picture it in your mind. Imagine the same inner feeling of joy, happiness, power, and love that spring brings about each year. Reflect that joy, happiness, power and love linked to this new behavior. Your unconscious is very goal-oriented and this sets that goal and provides the emotional motivation.
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Finally, visualize yourself taking the steps that will bring about these changes. If you want to change eating patterns, visualize yourself eating very slowly, with complete mindfulness of each bite, deeply enjoying, and feeling satisfied with a small portion. Or you might imagine yourself proudly refusing that second drink or that cigarette, and focus your intention on something positive and life-affirming.
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Practice this routine for 5 minutes twice a day and witness your own magical transformation.
Remember, as Mark Twain reminded us, “Bad habits cannot just be thrown out the window but gently coaxed down the stairs step by step and then out the door.”
Graphic by rSnapshotPhotos/Shutterstock.com
“First we make our habits – then our habits make us.”
Author’s profile Emmett Miller, MD, physician, musician, scientist, and co-creator of Holistic Medicine and Guided Imagery, earned the nickname “Valium Voice” for publishing the first meditation/guided imagery recordings (1972). He practices Mind-Body Medicine and Psychotherapy in Nevada City and Los Altos California, and publishes Healing Times eNewsletter and free resources at www.DrMiller.com
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All you need to know about Christmas trees in Germany by Andreas Kreuzer USAG Bavaria Public Affairs
•
As the holiday season approaches, here are helpful tips and pieces of information about Christmas trees in Germany.
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What is the history of the Christmas tree? The origin of the Christmas tree dates back to 4th century pagan customs. Evergreen plants were already a symbol of fertility and vitality in pagan cultures. To cast out evil spirits during the winter solstice, Germanic tribes placed fir branches in public places. The custom later switched from branches to standing trees. Initially, the Catholic Church was against the unreligious custom. But since it gained popularity everywhere by the mid-20th century, the church adopted the custom and allowed Christmas trees. What kind of trees are popular in Germany? Germany’s most popular type of tree used for Christmas is the “Nordmann Tanne,”’ or Nordmann’s silver fir. Other types of fir trees, including spruce trees, are becoming popular choices. However, Germans traditionally turn to pine trees. Where to buy a Christmas tree? In Germany, you can purchase Christmas trees from farmers, markets, supermarkets, hardware stores and special arable crop markets.
Wild grown trees, sold by farmers, are taxed 5.5 percent. Trees grown in an arable crop are taxed 10.7 percent.
How to decorate a Christmas tree in Europe? European and U.S. tree decoration is pretty similar; however, Germans typically use fewer ornamental decorations and the lights are neither colored, nor flashing. Artisan ornaments are typically sold at German Christmas markets. What is St. Knut’s Day? According to Christian tradition, the Christmas season usually lasts 12 days until Three Kings Day. But in Sweden, Finland and parts of Norway, the season lasts 20 days — past Christmas until St. Knut’s Day. In early 12th century, Danish royal Knut Lavard — who supported the church with his political power — was killed. He was then made a saint, and since the 17th century his saint’s day marks the end of the Christmas season. St. Knut’s Day comes with a dangerous tradition. In Finland, people throw their Christmas trees out of their windows. And some Finnish furniture stores introduced the tradition to the rest of Europe. If you bring your tree to participating facilities, prizes are awarded for how far it can be thrown.
How to recycle a Christmas tree in Germany? One of Germany’s main focuses is proper recycling. After the holiday season, you can bring a used tree to the recycling center. Additionally, some cities allow youth organizations to pick up trees for a small fee — these funds are raised for charity.
Can I use a tax form to buy a Christmas tree? You can claim the Valued-added tax (VAT) if declared. But when it comes to Christmas trees, Germany’s tax rules are complicated. • Businesses, operating under the small business regulations with sales less than 17.500,00 euros per year, lists tax at zero percent. • Plastic Christmas trees are taxed 19 percent. • Real trees, sold by businesses like hardware stores or supermarkets, are taxed at 7 percent.
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