STATISTICAL REPORT INFORME ESTADÍSTICO
The AES Corporation is a global energy company that owns and operates a diverse and growing portfolio of electricity generation and distribution companies, which provide reliable and affordable energy to customers in 25 countries. Our power plants cover a wide range of technologies and fuel types such as coal, oil, natural gas, biomass, combined cycle, solar panels and wind power. Combining deep local knowledge with a global presence and over 30 years of experience, AES has a proven commitment to ensure operational excellence in the supply of electricity to its customers.
STATISTICAL REPORT INFORME ESTADĂ?STICO
INDEX
58 60
7 9 12 14 16 24 29 32 34 36 38 46 47 48 49 51 52 53 55 57
Graphics
Glossary
ATTATCHMENTS
Contract Market
Non Regulated Users Market
Frequency Regulation Service
Capacity Spot Price and Connection Right
Electricity Spot Price
International Fuel Prices
Energy Supply by Fuel Type
Maximum Demand
Capacity Balance
Generation
Wholesale Electric Market
Operational Indicators
Energy Balance
Natural Gas Sales
Fuel Reception Facilities
Power Generation Units
Profile of AES Dominicana
AES Dominicana Background
AES Values
Letter from the President
STATISTICAL Report 2012
Letter from the President It’s with great pleasure that we present you the 2012 AES Dominicana Statistical Report, highlighting its main assets, operational performance, other lines of business and the electricity market overall. At the end of 2012, AES Dominicana contributed an average of 37.8% of all the energy that was demanded by the National Electric Interconnected System (SENI) with a total of 5,045 GWh injected, surpassing 2011’s energy generation and demonstrating to be the leader in the national electricity market. 78% of this energy was traded in the Contract Market to Distribution Companies, creating significant savings for the Dominican government by providing the cheapest energy in the National System. Our units reached operational milestones, among those were AES Andres and ITABO S.A.’s units, which generated 2,089 GWh and 1,613.6 GWh with natural gas and coal respectively, exceeding both their annual record highs. AES Andres and DPP’s units achieved a high rate equivalent availability factor. During 2012, the natural gas market achieved sales records, showing growth of 149.55% over the previous year, increasing the sales directed to the electricity sector, which caused AES Dominicana to conduct spot purchases of LNG in the international market to meet rising demand. AES Dominicana shows its commitment to the country by strengthening its position using natural gas and efficiently restoring the use of coal. Proof of this is the “Máximo Galardón” Silver Medal award we received, in the Major Industry category of the National Quality Awards. Our culture of operational excellence and asset management allows us to contribute to the country’s sustainable development, the environment and the communities we serve.
At the end of this year 2012, AES Dominicana contributed an average of 37.8% of all the energy we sued the National Interconnected Electric System.
Marco De la Rosa Presidente AES Dominicana
7
Safety First Act with Integrity Honoring Commitments Strive for Excellence Enjoy Our Work
STATISTICAL Report 2012
PEOPLE OF AES OUR VALUES Safety First: We will always put safety first for our people, contractors and communities. Act with Integrity: We are honest, trustworthy and dependable. Integrity is at the core of all we do, how we conduct ourselves and how we interact with one another and all of our stakeholders. Honoring Commitments: We honor our commitments to our communities, customers, teammates, owners, suppliers and partners; and we want our businesses, as a whole, to make a positive contribution to society. Strive for Excellence: We strive to be the best in all that we do and to perform at world-class levels. Enjoy Our Work: We work because work can be fun, fulfilling and exciting. We enjoy our work and appreciate the fun of being part of a team that is making a difference. Combustible Primario: Gas Natural
9
AES DOMINICANA BACKGROUND The first investment of AES in the Dominican Republic was the purchase of DPP in 1997 from NGC, an asset that was in their power as a result of their merger with Destec companies. DPP is the owner of Los Mina V and Los Mina VI, two 118 MW open cycle gas turbines. From May of 1996 until August of 2001, DPP operated under the Independent Private Producer scheme, selling all of its production to La Corporación Dominicana de Electricidad (CDE). Then, after an agreement between DPP and CDE, the contract between both parties was cancelled and a new electricity sale arrangement was established between DPP and EDEESTE, which included a backup contract with the CDE. In 2000, AES confirmed its commitment to the long-term development of the Dominican Republic by constructing AES ANDRES. The project included a combined cycle of 319 MW, a liquefied natural gas terminal and a gas pipeline connecting to the DPP power station. In December of 2000, AES took another important step when it acquired the assets of GENER, obtaining a participation of 25% in the ITABO S.A. power plant. Since May 1st, 2003, Dominican Power Partners operates to supply its electricity sales contract with EDEESTE, selling its excess generation and buying what it needs in the spot market. Also in 2003, AES ANDRES began its operations and became the most efficient power station of Latin America, representing a jump towards sustainable development for the country using clean energy. This new investment improved the strategic position of the country that formerly depended 90% on petroleum derivatives to supply its electricity needs. In 2006, AES Dominicana acquired another 25% of the ITABO S.A. equity, formerly owned by El Paso. AES, now with 50% of ITABO’s equity, took control of the operative and administrative areas.
12
PROFILE OF THE GROUP AES Dominicana has two deep-sea port infrastructures: ITABO’s and Andres’ International Piers, used to discharge the coal and liquefied natural gas used for electricity production. It also has, in its AES Andres’ facilities, the first terminal intended for the distribution of liquefied natural gas in specialized trucks.
AES began operations in the Dominican Republic with the intent to provide value to the national energy market and contribute to the development of the communities where it serves. Today, AES Dominicana is positioned as the principal investment group in the Dominican Electric Sector, with modern facilities for energy production and the most competitive fuels for power generation in the system.
14
As a business group, AES Dominicana combines a global perspective with deep local knowledge and a relentless commitment to operational excellence
As a business group, AES Dominicana combines a global perspective with deep local knowledge and a relentless commitment to operational excellence. There has been a consistent pattern of improvement year after year in generation and efficiency. AES serves as a model to the rest of the players in the electric sector by displaying the best practices of corporate governance within the industry in the Dominican Republic.
AES Dominicana supports the growth of its business by standing upon a strong foundation consisting of its code of conduct, corporate social responsibility, environmental care and its people, which are its most valuable resource.
15
Power Generation Units
Then describes the main technical characteristics of the generating units AES Dominicana.
AES Dominicana
AES ANDRES
Primary Fuel: Natural Gas Commercial Operation Date: December 2nd, 2003 Gas Turbine Manufacturer: Mitsubishi Gas Turbine Capacity: 198 MW Gas Turbine Speed: 3,600 rpm Inlet Heat Recovery Steam Generator Temperature: 610 ºC Gas Turbine Generator Manufacturer: Mitsubishi Gas Turbine Generator Nominal Capacity: 218.5 MVA Gas Turbine Generator Nominal Voltage: 18 kV Gas Turbine Generator Cooling System: Air Steam Turbine Manufacturer: Hitachi Steam Turbine Capacity: 121 MW Steam Turbine Speed: 3,600 rpm Steam Pressure: 124 kg/cm² Steam Temperature: 568 ºC Steam Turbine Generator Manufacturer: Siemens
18
StaTistical Report 2012 Installed Capacity: 319 MW Technology: COMBINED CYCLE
Steam Turbine Generator Nominal Capacity: 134 MVA Steam Turbine Generator Nominal Voltage: 13.8 kV Steam Turbine Generator Cooling System: Air Advantages: Low Environmental Impact and More Energetic Efficiency
19
AES Dominicana
AES DPP
Primary Fuel: Natural Gas Commercial Operation Date: May 19th 1996 Manufacturer: Westinghouse Turbine Speed: 3,600 rpm Turbine Stages: Four (4) Compressor Stages: Nineteen (19) Outlet Gas Temperature: 630 ยบC Generator Nominal Capacity: 2 x 142 MVA Generator Nominal Voltage: 13.8 kV Generator Speed: 3,600 rpm Generator Cooling System: Air Advantages: Fast Manufacture and Installation; Low Environmental Impact
20
STATISTICAL Report 2012
Installed Capacity: 2 x 118 MW Technology: Open Cycle Gas Turbine (OCGT)
21
AES Dominicana
ITABO I
EGE ITABO
Primary Fuel: Mineral Coal Secondary Fuel: Fuel Oil 6 Tertiary Fuel: Fuel Oil 2 Commercial Operation Date: July 17th, 1984 Turbine Manufacturer: Brown Bovery Company Turbine Speed: 3,600 rpm Steam Pressure: 141 kg/cm² Steam Temperature: 535 ºC Generator Manufacturer: Foster Wheeler Generator Nominal Capacity: 150.6 MVA Generator Nominal Voltage: 13.8 kV Generator Cooling System: Hydrogen Advantages: Provides Economic Base Electricity Generation
ITABO II
Primary Fuel: Mineral Coal Secondary Fuel: Fuel Oil 6 Tertiary Fuel: Fuel Oil 2 Commercial Operation Date: May 10th, 1988 Turbine Manufacturer: General Electric Turbine Speed: 3,600 rpm Steam Pressure: 146 kg/cm² Steam Temperature: 540 ºC Generator Manufacturer: General Electric Generator Nominal Capacity: 155.3 MVA Generator Nominal Voltage: 13.8 kV Generator Cooling System: Hydrogen Advantages: Provides Economic Base Electricity Generation
22
STATISTICAL Report 2012
Installed Capacity: 128 MW Technology: Steam Turbine Installed Capacity: 132 MW Technology: Steam Turbine
Installed Capacity: 34.5 MW Technology: Gas Turbine
SAN LORENZO I Primary Fuel: Fuel Oil 2 Secondary Fuel: Natural Gas Commercial Operation Date: August 25th 2012 Manufacturer: General Electric Turbine Speed: 5,133 rpm Turbine Stages: Three (3) Compressor Stages: Seventeen (17) Outlet Gas Temperature: 550 ยบC Generator Nominal Capacity: 53.412 MVA Generator Nominal Voltage: 13.8 kV Generator Speed: 3,600 rpm Generator Cooling System: Air Advantages: Operational flexibility with fast boot to meet increased demand during peak hours. Fuel Reception Facilities 23
AES Dominicana
Fuel reception facilities
24
StaTistical Report 2012
AES ANDRES’S INTERNATIONAL PIER AES Andres Power Station is located at Boca Chica, just fifteen (15) minutes from Santo Domingo. The power station has a pier and a terminal for liquefied natural gas unloading and it also has the capacity to receive Fuel Oil #2. Inside the facility, the terminal has an unloading ship system that consists of three (3) arms with a capacity of 10,000 m3 per hour. It also has a double wall cryogenic tank with the capacity to store 160,000 m3. In addition, the terminal has a re-gasification system with the capacity to convert 370 million cubic feet from liquid to gas per day. Finally, it has a boil-off security system to handle the gases of the cryogenic tank in order to keep the inner pressure at an atmospheric level.
25
AES Dominicana
Liquefied Natural Gas Terminal Inside the facility, the terminal has an unloading ship system that consists of three (3) arms with a capacity of 10,000 m3 per hour. It also has a double wall cryogenic tank with the capacity to store 160,000 m3. In addition, the terminal has a re-gasification system with the capacity to convert 370 million cubic feet from liquid to gas per day. Finally, it has a boil-off security system to handle the gases of the cryogenic tank in order to keep the inner pressure at an atmospheric level.
AES ANDRES – DPP NATURAL GAS PIPELINE In addition to the LNG Terminal, a natural gas pipeline was built in order to supply natural gas to the DPP power units, improving its efficiency and competitiveness. Technical Details | Length: 34 km | Pipe Diameter: 12 inches | Max Pressure: 100 bar | Average Pressure: 50 bar | Control Valve Station: Five (5)
In 2011, Estrella del Mar II, a Bi-Fuel power plant that runs with natural gas and Fuel Oil #2 that belongs to the Transcontinental Capital Corporation group, began its operations. This generation plant gets natural gas through a pipeline connected to gas station # 4 of DPP in Los Mina.
Cryogenic Distribution Terminal In 2009, AES Dominicana decided to invest in the first LNG tank loading terminal in Latin America, for the distribution of liquefied natural gas directly to other customers besides AES. The advantage of using liquefied natural gas is the ability to carry higher energy content to distant locations without incurring losses during transportation. The LNG tank loading terminal has two loading bays (with the possibility of doubling the capacity) and a loading rate of 68 m3 / h, which means that the average customer service time (from admission to the complex to the departure) is approximately one hour. 26
StaTistical Report 2012
Main Characteristics:
ITABO S.A. International Pier
Fourteen (14) meters deep: Enables the docking of vessels like Handymax (45,000 mt) and Panamax (65,000 mt). Auto-discharging vessels required. Discharge Capacity of 1,200 metric tons per hour.
The International Pier of ITABO is located in the coastal area of the ITABO power plant in the municipality of Bajos de Haina in the province of San Cristobal. The pier is located next to the western port of Haina, approximately 8 kilometers southwest of Santo Domingo’s western quadrant. Since 2006, ITABO International Pier has been operating as a reception point for mineral coal, which is utilized in its vapor units, adding a greater degree of autonomy to the process and reducing the overall cost of coal. The pier extends 535 meters into the sea. It has a system to transport solids with the capacity to load and unload bulk products. In addition, it has a mooring system with six (6) tugboats, four of which serve for the ship’s arrival and two for the ship’s engagement to the pier. It also has a signal system for approaching vessels, located in two towers with adjacent lamps, as well as water lighting tracks and a lighting system in one of the tugboats.
27
AES Dominicana
28
StaTistical Report 2012
Natural Gas Sales Since 2007, two years after AES Andres signed its first natural gas supply agreement with a local distribution company, AES Dominicana has been at the forefront of the business in selling natural gas, opening the door to nationwide distribution into new markets that previously could not enjoy the advantages of this fuel. Today, AES Andres is the only distribution terminal of liquefied natural gas in the Dominican Republic, as well as the first to be installed in Latin America. This adds value by contributing to the evolution and diversification of the national energy matrix. The following chart shows the percentage of natural gas that AES Andres sold in the Dominican market in 2012 separated into three economic sectors: Industrial, Electricity Generation and Transportation (Natural Gas Vehicles). .
29
AES Dominicana
Natural Gas sales to Third Parties [TBtu]
Natural Gas Sales by Use 2012 [11,131.387.50 MMBtu]
In the above chart we can see the increase per year of natural gas sales to companies outside the group AES Dominicana. As planned, in 2012 the sale of natural gas exceeded the previous year’s sales by 149.55%, i.e. third party users’ demand increased by more than double of what was sold in 2011.
The following graph shows the monthly natural gas sales by economic sector during 2012.
7% 12.0
10.0
46% TBtu
8.0
6.0
4.0
47%
2.0
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012 INDUSTRIAL ngv GNV electricity Generación generation Electricidad
30
StaTistical Report 2012
Natural Gas Sales By Final Consumption 2012 [MMBtu] AES Dominicana continues its commercial relationships with different local distributors, which are responsible for the physical distribution of LNG throughout the country. These are: LINEA CLAVE, SOLUCIONES DE GAS NATURAL, PLATERGAS, PROPAGAS and TROPIGAS
1,200,000
1,000,000
MM Btu
800,000
600,000
400,000
200,000
y
y
ar
ar
J
u an
Fe
u br
M
ch ar
il
r Ap
INDUSTRIAL
M
ay
o
n Ju NGV
31
r
t
y
l Ju
s gu
A
ELECTRICITY GENERATION
Se
p
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be m ve
be
O
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r
r
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No
De
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AES Dominicana
Energy Balance The table below details AES Dominicana’s 2012 monthly balances of energy production, energy purchases and energy sales through contracts and spot market transactions.
AES Dominicana Energy Balance 2012 [GWh] AES ANDRES
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
2012
CONTRACT SALES EDEESTE EDESUR DPP SEABOARD UNR SPOT SALES/(SPOT PURCHASES) ANDRES PRODUCTION
34.5
39.8
42.2
44.1
50.3
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
13.8
17.7
18.7
13.6
10.0
16.7
43.1
5.5
6.7
3.8
6.5
3.1
3.1
3.3
3.1
2.2
2.4
2.3
2.6
2.6
2.1
2.7
2.6
2.0
31.0
84.2
83.7
92.0
90.9
92.3
85.7
88.7
87.5
81.5
84.1
84.2
78.3
1,033.0
-
62.5 -
60.5 -
68.2 -
68.5 -
67.1 -
64.5 -
64.6 -
666.6 40.0 159.2
(43.9)
2.7
14.7
16.5
20.6
17.8
(3.6)
12.9
28.1
22.2
29.7
43.1
161.0
91.5
157.0
180.5
177.1
185.5
184.9
191.1
176.5
186.7
179.7
187.3
190.9
2,088.8
ITABO S.A. CONTRACT SALES EDESUR
58.4
56.8
60.5
60.3
69.2
67.7
70.1
67.3
67.7
67.1
63.6
62.1
770.7
EDENORTE
42.3
40.5
44.0
44.5
51.6
50.6
52.9
51.7
50.8
51.5
47.0
47.0
574.5
EDEESTE
24.6
23.4
24.8
25.9
29.6
29.7
29.8
28.4
28.5
28.0
26.9
26.7
326.4 99.8
CONTRACT PURCHASES SEABOARD SPOT SALES/(SPOT PURCHASES) ITABO PRODUCTION
-
-
-
-
-
40.3
59.5
39.7
-
20.3
-
14.9
-
3.6
7.1
(38.2)
(17.5)
(6.5)
-
10.6
-
(0.4)
11.9
(3.8)
41.8
165.0
141.0
144.2
134.3
157.5
109.8
135.4
140.9
157.7
146.2
109.1
72.6
1,613.6
103.5
98.2
104.3
109.0
124.3
124.9
125.0
119.3
119.8
117.4
112.9
112.1
1,370.7
DPP CONTRACT SALES EDEESTE CONTRACT PURCHASES ANDRES
13.8
17.7
18.7
13.6
10.0
16.7
43.1
5.5
6.7
3.8
6.5
3.1
159.2
SPOT SALES/(SPOT PURCHASES)
19.4
11.5
12.2
11.1
5.2
4.0
2.6
10.4
10.2
13.6
13.8
16.8
130.8
109.1
92.0
97.7
106.5
119.5
112.2
84.5
124.2
123.3
127.2
120.2
125.8
1,342.3
DPP PRODUCTION
32
StaTistical Report 2012
PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY 2012
CONTRACT SALES 2012 [4,972.5 GWh]
[5,304.4 GWh] VENTA POR CONTRATO
VENTAS OTROS AGENTES
VENTAS DISTRIBUIDORES
VENTA SPOT
VENTAS USUARIOS NO REGULADOS
13%
6%
9%
94%
78% VENTAS Distribution DISTRIBUIDORES Company Sales
Contract VENTA PORSales CONTRATO
VENTAS Third Party OTROS Sales AGENTES
Spot VENTASales SPOT
Non-regulated VENTAS Users’ Sales USUARIOS NO
REGULADOS
13%
6%
9% The following table shows the most common indicators and operational rates applied to power generation units of AES Dominicana. 33
AES Dominicana
Operational Indicators The following table shows the most common indicators and operational rates applied to power generation units of AES Dominicana.
HEAT RATE [Btu/KWh]
EAF
14,000.00
100% 90%
12,000.00
80% 70%
10,000.00 60% 50%
6,000.00
40%
4,000.00
30% 20%
2,000.00 10% 0%
ANDRES
ITABO 1
ITABO 2
LOS MINA 5
LOS MINA 6
34
ANDRES
ITABO 1
ITABO 2
LOS MINA 5
LOS MINA 6
StaTistical Report 2012
EFOF
Relevant Events
AES ANDRES and DPP obtained remarkable values, all below 2%.
8%
Unit
Description
From
To
7%
Los Mina 5
Scheduled major maintenance
1/27/2012
2/3/2012
6%
Los Mina 6
Scheduled major maintenance
7/7/2012
7/18/2012
ITABO 1
Scheduled major maintenance
4/1/2012
4/7/2012
ITABO 2
Scheduled major maintenance
11/17/2012
12/31/2012
Andres
Scheduled major maintenance
1/17/2012
2/3/2012
San Lorenzo
Begins commercial operation
August 2012
Andres
Installation of the third train of regasification
January 2012
5% 4% 3% 2%
Silver Medal Recognition "Maximum Award" in the 1%
Large Industry category by the National Quality Andres
0%
ANDRES
ITABO 1
ITABO 2
LOS MINA 5
LOS MINA 6
35
Award.
October 2012
H
AES Dominicana
Wholesale Electricity Market Brief History of the Dominican Electricity Sector In 1997 the capitalization process began. It was instituted due to serious problems in the electricity market caused by a deficit in energy generation, poor quality service and a lack of capital investment for the development of the electricity sector. The capitalization process was formalized in June 24, 1997, with the publication of the State Companies Reform Law. Before this process, generation, transmission and distribution assets in the Dominican Republic were owned by CDE, who by law, was the only entity authorized to operate in the electricity sector. In the mid 90s, CDE signed several power purchase agreements with independent power producers; increasing the system’s installed capacity with private capital. During this period, the sector was regulated by a series of administrative resolutions issued by the Industry and Commerce Ministry. Through the different stages of the capitalization process, the assets held by CDE were divided into eight state-owned companies: CDEEE, a parent holding company; three distribution companies: EDENORTE, EDESUR and EDEESTE; three generation companies: HAINA, ITABO, HIDRO; and the power transmission company ETED. In 1999, the three distribution companies and the two thermal generation companies were capitalized through the sale of 50% of the stocks to private investors. The Dominican Government remained with 49% of the stocks and the last 1% was sold to the employees of these companies.
36
StaTistical Report 2012
In July 2001, the Electricity General Law was issued, establishing the institutions of the sector and the rules under which it will operate. In July 2002, the Electricity General Law Rulebook was issued, completing the electrical sector’s new legislation. In 2007, law number 186-07 modified the Electricity General Law and its Rulebook. The new law’s goal was to penalize electrical fraud and establish other measures to obtain the electrical sector’s financial viability.
The table below allows us to view the installed capacity of the system by Generation Company and by technology. 37
AES Dominicana
Generation The electricity generation park of the Dominican Republic is mainly composed of 86% of thermoelectric units, while the other 14% is composed of hydro electrical units. During 2012 the following generation units joined the SENI (National Electric Interconnected System): INCA KM 22, which belongs to Monterio and Los Origenes, which belongs to Los Origenes Power Plant.
Installed Capacity by Fuel Type
Installed Capacity by Technology [3,226.1 MW AS OF DECEMBER 2012]
[3,226.1 MW AS OF DECEMBER 2012]
18.1%
18.7% 18.1%
0.8% 36.6% 11.4%
21.4%
1.0%
28.1%
1.0%
21.9% CICLO COMBINADO
TURBINA HIDRÁULICA
MOTORES GAS NATURAL
MOTORES DIESEL DIESEL
TURBINA A VAPORSTEAM
TURBINA GAS TURBINE DE GAS
COMBIMED CYCLE
ENGINE
HYDRO TURBINE TURBINE
NATURAL GAS ENGINES
13.2%
9.7%
TURBINA EÓLICA
TURBINE WIND
FUEL OIL 6
38
FUEL OIL 2
NATURAL GAS
CICLO WATER COMBINADO
TURBINACOAL HIDRÁULICA
MOTORES WIND GAS NATURAL
MOTORES DIESEL
TURBINA A VAPOR
TURBINA DE GAS
TURBINA EÓLICA
StaTistical Report 2012
INSTALLED CAPACITY BY COMPANY AND TECHNOLOGY [DECEMBER 2012]
GENERATION COMPANY
STEAM
GAS
COMBINED
DIESEL
NATURAL GAS
TURBINE
TURBINE
CYCLE
ENGINE
ENGINE
260.0
34.5
AES ANDRES ITABO S.A.
HYDRO
WIND TURBINE
319.0
DPP
236.0
AES DOMINICANA
260.0
270.5
EGE HAINA
343.4
100.0
319.0 102.0
33.0
110.0
319.0
9.9%
294.5
9.1%
236.0
7.3%
849.5
26.3%
578.4
17.9% 18.1%
41.3
41.3
1.3% 5.7%
583.2
SEABOARD
[%]
583.2
EGEHID METALDOM
[MW]
73.3
183.3
GPLV
194.5
194.5
6.0%
MONTE RIO
14.6
14.6
0.5%
CEPP
67.7
67.7
2.1%
LAESA
111.0
111.0
3.4%
LOS ORIGENES
25.0
PUEBLO VIEJO
100.1
25.0
0.8%
100.1
3.1%
INDEPENDENT PRIVATE PRODUCERS [IPP'S] SAN FELIPE
185.0
185.0
5.7%
CESPM
291.0
291.0
9.0%
RIO SAN JUAN TOTAL [MW]
1.5 603.4
370.5
905.0
39
706.0
25.0
583.2
33.0
1.5
0.0%
3,226.10
100.0%
AES Dominicana
GENERATING INSTALLED CAPACITY BY COMPANY [DECEMBER 2012] It is important to note that in 2012, AES Dominicana, with its AES Andres, ITABO S.A. and DPP power plants encompassed 26.3% of the installed capacity of the generation park, and had the most competitive fuel mix in the market (coal and natural gas). The tables below show the power plants that had been installed as of December 2012, specifying the fuel, technology and installed capacity.
THERMOELECTRIC UNITS COMPANIES
TECHNOLOGY
CAPACITY [MW]
Natural Gas Coal Coal Fuel Oil 2 / Natural Gas Natural Gas Natural Gas
Combined Cycle Steam Turbine Steam Turbine Steam Turbine Gas Turbine Gas Turbine
319.00 128.00 132.00 34.50 118.00 118.00 849.50
EGE HAINA HAINA I HAINA II HAINA IV SAN PEDRO VAPOR PUERTO PLATA I PUERTO PLATA II HAINA TG BARAHONA CARBĂ“N SULTANA DEL ESTE JUANCHO LOS COCOS SubTotal
Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 2 Coal Fuel Oil 6 Wind
Steam Turbine Steam Turbine Steam Turbine Steam Turbine Steam Turbine Steam Turbine Gas Turbine Steam Turbine Diesel Engine Wind Turbine
54.00 54.00 84.90 30.00 27.90 39.00 100.00 53.60 102.00 33.00 578.40
GPLV PALAMARA LA VEGA SubTotal
Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6
Diesel Engine Diesel Engine
107.00 87.50 194.50
CDEEE SAN FELIPE CESPM I CESPM II CESPM III RIO SAN JUAN SubTotal
Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 2 Fuel Oil 2 Fuel Oil 2 Fuel Oil 2
Combined Cycle Combined Cycle Combined Cycle Combined Cycle Diesel Engine
185.00 97.00 97.00 97.00 1.50 477.50
Fuel Oil 6 Natural Gas
Diesel Engine Combined Cycle
73.30 110.00 183.30
AES DOMINICANA ANDRES ITABO I ITABO II SAN lORENZO I LOS MINA V LOS MINA VI SubTotal
SEABOARD ESTRELLA DEL MAR 40 ESTRELLA DEL MAR 2 SubTotal CEPP
FUEL
SubTotal
StaTistical Report 2012
CDEEE SAN FELIPE CESPM I CESPM II CESPM III RIO SAN JUAN COMPANIES SubTotal AES DOMINICANA SEABOARD ANDRES ESTRELLA DEL MAR ITABO I ESTRELLA DEL MAR 2 ITABO II SubTotal SAN lORENZO I CEPPMINA V LOS LOS VI CEPPMINA I CEPP II SubTotal SubTotal EGE HAINA PUEBLO HAINA I VIEJO HAINA MONTEII RIO HAINA IV SubTotal SAN PEDRO VAPOR METALDOM PUERTO PLATA I METALDOM PUERTO PLATA II SubTotal HAINA TG BARAHONA CARBÓN LAESA SULTANA PIMENTELDEL I ESTE JUANCHO COCOS PIMENTEL LOS II
SubTotal PIMENTEL III SubTotal GPLV MONTE RIO PALAMARA INCA KM22 LA VEGA SubTotal SubTotal LOS ORIGENES LOS ORIGENES CDEEE SubTotal SAN FELIPE Total Thermoelectric CESPM I CESPM II CESPM III RIO SAN JUAN EGEHID - RESERVOIR HYDRO SubTotal TAVERA I TAVERA II SEABOARD JIGUEY I DEL MAR ESTRELLA JIGUEY II DEL MAR 241 ESTRELLA AGUACATE I SubTotal AGUACATE II CEPP VALDESIA I
194.50
Fuel Oil 6 Combined Cycle Fuel Oil 2 Combined Cycle Fuel Oil 2 Combined Cycle Fuel Oil 2 THERMOELECTRIC UNITS Combined Cycle Fuel Oil 2 Diesel Engine FUEL TECHNOLOGY
185.00 97.00 97.00 97.00 1.50 CAPACITY [MW] 477.50
Natural Gas Fuel Oil 6 Coal Natural Gas Coal Fuel Oil 2 / Natural Gas Natural Gas Natural Fuel OilGas 6 Fuel Oil 6
Combined Cycle Diesel Engine Steam Turbine Combined Cycle Steam Turbine Steam Turbine Gas Turbine Gas Turbine Diesel Engine Diesel Engine
319.00 73.30 128.00 110.00 132.00 183.30 34.50 118.00 118.00 16.50 51.20 849.50 67.70
Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 2 Coal Fuel Oil 6 Wind Fuel Oil 6
Steam Turbine Steam Turbine Diesel Engine Steam Turbine Steam Turbine Steam Turbine Diesel Engine Steam Turbine Gas Turbine Steam Turbine Diesel Engine Wind Turbine Diesel Engine
54.00 54.00 100.10 84.90 100.10 30.00 27.90 41.30 39.00 41.30 100.00 53.60 102.00 31.60 33.00 28.00
Fuel Oil 6
Diesel Engine
578.40 51.40 111.00
Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 6
Diesel Engine Diesel Engine Diesel Engine
107.00 14.60 87.50 14.60 194.50
Natural Gas
Natural Gas Engine
25.00 25.00 185.00 2,642.9 97.00 97.00 97.00 1.50 CAPACITY [MW] 477.50 48.00 48.00 49.00 73.30 49.00 110.00 26.00 183.30 26.00 27.00
Fuel Oil 6 Fuel Oil 2 Fuel Oil 2 HYDROELECTRIC UNITS Fuel Oil 2 Fuel Oil 2 FUEL Water Water Water Fuel Oil 6 Water Natural Gas Water Water Water
Combined Cycle Combined Cycle Combined Cycle Combined Cycle Diesel Engine TECHNOLOGY Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Diesel Turbine Engine Hydro Turbine Combined Cycle Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine
AES Dominicana
GENERATING INSTALLED CAPACITY BY COMPANY [DECEMBER 2012]
HYDROELECTRIC UNITS EGEHID - NON-RESERVOIR HYDRO TAVERA I TAVERA II JIGUEY I JIGUEY II AGUACATE I AGUACATE II VALDESIA I VALDESIA II RIO BLANCO I RIO BLANCO II MONCION I MONCION II RINCON PALOMINO I PALOMINO II PINALITO I PINALITO II SubTotal Reservoir
42
FUEL Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water
TECHNOLOGY Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine
CAPACITY [MW] 48.00 48.00 49.00 49.00 26.00 26.00 27.00 27.00 12.50 12.50 26.00 26.00 10.10 30.00 30.00 25.00 25.00 497.1
StaTistical Report 2012 HYDROELECTRIC UNITS EGEHID - NON-RESERVOIR HYDRO
FUEL
TECHNOLOGY
CAPACITY [MW]
LOPEZ ANGOSTURA CONTRA EMBALSE MONCION I CONTRA EMBALSE MONCION II BAIGUAQUE I BAIGUAQUE II HATILLO JIMENOA EL SALTO ANIANA VARGAS I ANIANA VARGAS II DOMINGO RODRIGUEZ I DOMINGO RODRIGUEZ II ROSA JULIA DE LA CRUZ NIZAO NAJAYO LOS ANONES SABANA YEGUA LAS DAMAS SABANETA LOS TOROS I LOS TOROS II MAGUEYAL I MAGUEYAL II LAS BARIAS SubTotal Non-Reservoir
Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water Water
Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine Hydro Turbine
18.40 1.60 1.60 0.60 0.60 8.00 8.40 0.70 0.30 0.30 2.00 2.00 0.90 0.30 0.10 12.80 7.50 6.30 4.90 4.90 1.50 1.50 0.90 86.1
Total HYDRO
583.20
GRAND TOTAL
3,226.1
43
AES Dominicana
Transmission The Electrical Transmission Company of the Dominican Republic (ETED) is a state-owned company with the primary objective of building, operating and sustainably managing the grids and substations of the electric interconnected system of the Dominican Republic, in order to provide quality service at reasonable prices. The electrical infrastructure consists of a total length of 4723.95 km of lines at 345, 138 and 69 KV, where the 345 KV network, which links the North Zone with the area of Santo Domingo, is the most economically important and functional one. It has a length of 129.9 km at a maximum transmission power of 1200 MVA per circuit. In addition, the National Transmission System consists of approximately 2660.93 km of transmission lines at 138 kV and can be referred to as the Sub-backbone network; also 1933.13 km of 69 kV lines. It operates and maintains approximately 85 substations, owned and shared. Because of its radial configuration, the National Electric Interconnected System is divided into four zones: Santo Domingo Zone, South Zone, North Zone and East Zone. The most important substations of these zones are: Palamara and Hainamosa in the Santo Domingo Zone, Pizarrete in the Southern Zone, Bonao II and Canabacoa in the Northern Zone and San Pedro II in the Eastern Zone.
Electricity Distribution Three distribution companies manage the electricity distribution of the national interconnected grid: EDESUR Dominicana, S. A. EDENORTE Dominicana, S. A. Empresa Distribuidora de Electricidad del Este, S. A. These companies obtain their energy from the electric system through high voltage bus bars, which are later transformed to minor tensions and then conducted through each company’s grids within their zones of concession until these reach their final users. The distribution company lines within the national grid contain a mechanism of automatic load shedding, implemented in various distribution company substations through low frequency and low voltage relays, which serve to disconnect the electrical load automatically through different phases. This mechanism is reviewed and updated periodically by the Organismo Coordinador, the independent market operator. 44
StaTistical Report 2012
Energy Balance In the following table we can observe the monthly energy balance during 2012. This includes the net injections of the generation companies as well as the distribution companies and non-regulated users’ withdrawals; the last two have been grouped independently from the generation companies with which they have a power supply contractual arrangement.
ELECTRICITY MARKET BALANCE 2012 [GWh] Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
Jun
Jul
91.5
157.0
180.5
177.1
185.5
184.9
191.1
176.5
186.7
179.7
187.3
190.9
2,089
ITABO S.A.
165.0
141.0
144.2
134.3
157.5
109.8
135.4
140.9
157.7
146.2
109.1
72.6
1,614
DPP
109.1
92.0
97.7
106.5
119.5
112.2
84.5
124.2
123.3
127.2
120.2
125.8
1,342
AES Dominicana
365.6
390.1
422.4
417.9
462.4
406.9
411.0
441.6
467.7
453.1
416.6
389.2
5,045
94.6
96.3
103.3
159.7
218.8
140.2
127.1
142.1
158.9
165.6
191.5
173.6
1,772
AES ANDRES
EGEHID
May
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
2012
CDEEE-IPP's
142.2
87.9
49.4
39.6
62.2
179.0
160.1
143.4
94.3
112.0
48.6
62.5
1,181
EGE HAINA
108.9
96.0
93.1
99.9
88.7
92.0
129.8
102.5
82.7
98.4
134.5
121.7
1,248
GPLV
79.7
72.9
88.7
84.8
96.2
99.7
106.2
92.6
103.4
101.7
99.8
103.2
1,129
SEABOARD
43.1
43.0
88.4
94.4
115.8
112.9
120.9
122.7
111.2
111.5
109.5
123.4
1,197
CEPP
28.9
32.4
33.1
23.0
24.6
25.2
28.5
21.6
26.7
28.1
30.9
27.5
330
-
-
-
-
-
-
5.3
3.0
4.8
4.5
6.5
4.1
28
PVDC
36.9
54.8
50.1
30.6
32.9
42.2
40.2
30.4
35.0
33.8
13.3
21.9
422
METALDOM
22.8
16.7
20.0
14.6
14.9
14.7
19.4
20.6
21.3
18.5
15.0
16.5
215
LAESA
58.2
58.0
71.4
66.0
65.1
57.6
65.8
59.4
70.2
70.8
68.1
60.7
771
MONTE RIO
LOS ORÍGENES
-
-
GENERATION
980.7
948.0
1,019.8
-
1,030.5
-
1,181.7
-
1,170.3
-
1,214.2
-
1,180.0
-
1,176.2
-
1,198.0
-
1,137.0
2.8
1,119.3
14.8
13,356
17.6
EDESUR
310.8
301.9
321.4
321.2
369.6
361.2
374.6
358.3
359.3
355.9
336.7
329.6
4,100
EDENORTE
258.8
248.1
269.3
272.4
315.7
309.5
324.0
316.6
311.2
315.6
287.9
287.9
3,517
EDEESTE
3,467
261.7
248.4
263.7
275.6
314.4
315.9
316.3
301.8
303.1
297.0
285.5
283.5
FALCONDO
48.2
45.0
49.7
51.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
UNR's
82.1
85.3
97.8
91.9
158.8
162.2
173.7
177.2
175.3
202.1
197.1
188.4
1,792
961.6
928.7
1,158.5
1,148.8
1,188.7
1,153.8
1,148.9
1,170.4
1,107.2
1,089.4
13,070
DEMAND PERDIDAS PERDIDAS %
1,001.9
1,012.7
194
19.09
19.31
17.96
17.88
23.20
21.54
25.55
26.19
27.33
27.59
29.88
29.81
285.35
1.95%
2.04%
1.76%
1.74%
1.96%
1.84%
2.10%
2.22%
2.32%
2.30%
2.63%
2.66%
2.14%
45
AES Dominicana
Capacity Balance The companies that resulted with the largest participation in the firm capacity market were HIDRO with 19.4% AES Andres with 14.0% ITABO S.A. with 12.1% HAINA with 10.0%. The remaining companies had figures that individually represented less than 10%. As can be observed below, AES Dominicana had a participation of 30.0% in the firm capacity market.
FIRM CAPACITY BY GENERATION COMPANY 2012 [MW] %
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JU N
JU L
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
MW
AES ANDRES
280.59
280.59
280.59
280.58
280.59
280.50
280.57
278.99
271.61
258.48
251.72
250.19
272.92
14.0%
ITABO S.A.
225.90
225.90
225.89
225.89
225.90
225.80
225.90
233.15
257.95
254.09
251.09
245.74
235.27
12.1%
DPP
84.37
86.35
97.89
105.50
88.64
78.80
73.00
68.21
59.95
58.91
58.13
60.07
76.65
3.9%
AES DOMINICANA
590.86
592.84
604.37
611.97
595.13
585.10
579.47
580.35
589.51
571.48
560.94
556.00
584.84
30.0%
HIDRO
315.78
329.67
329.39
326.31
328.24
355.64
381.01
394.08
413.87
443.56
460.85
469.10
378.96
19.4%
CDEEE-IPPs *
201.15
194.30
216.69
214.72
171.74
142.02
127.20
111.44
92.51
86.66
84.31
83.93
143.89
7.4%
HAINA
236.84
227.79
233.74
231.20
209.47
193.02
183.17
175.95
166.22
161.34
157.23
154.64
194.22
10.0%
GP LV
189.96
189.96
189.96
189.93
189.93
189.90
189.94
189.94
189.94
189.94
189.94
189.94
189.94
9.7%
SEABOARD
71.88
71.89
71.89
71.88
151.54
180.11
180.15
180.15
180.15
180.15
180.15
180.15
141.67
7.3%
CEPP
65.16
65.16
65.09
65.09
65.09
65.09
65.09
64.99
64.65
63.75
63.45
63.08
64.64
3.3%
MONTERIO
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
14.16
14.16
5.90
0.3%
MET ALDOM
40.59
40.59
40.59
40.56
40.56
40.54
40.56
40.56
40.56
40.56
40.56
40.56
40.57
2.1%
PVDC
96.42
96.42
96.42
96.42
96.42
96.39
96.42
96.42
96.42
96.42
96.42
96.42
96.42
4.9%
LAESA
108.42
108.43
108.43
108.43
108.43
108.42
108.43
108.43
108.43
108.43
108.43
108.43
108.43
5.6%
Total
1,917.1
1,917.0
1,956.6
1,956.5
1,956.6
1,956.2
1,951.4
1,956.5
1,956.4
1,956.5
1,956.4
1,956.4
1,949.5
100.0%
*Only includes San Felipe and CESPM.
46
14.17
14.17
14.17
StaTistical Report 2012
Maximum Demand The system’s maximum demand is the highest power consumed by distribution companies. Generally, this happens during system peak hours. Maximum demand is data used in capacity recalculation since a preliminary estimated maximum demand is used prior to computing these figures. The system remunerates only the maximum capacity effectively recorded as demanded during the year. The following table shows 2012’s monthly power production and power consumptions during system peak hours.
MONTHLY PEAK DEMAND 2012 [MW] Month
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
D24 H20
D21 H20
D13 H20
D20 H21
D30 H22
D12 H21
D30 H21
D09 H21
D20 H21
D5 H20
D15 H20
D24 H20
GROSS GENERATION
1,773
1,791
1,895
1,832
1,946
1,972
1,987
1,985
2,008
2,067
1,948
1,941
NET GENERATION sub-transmission voltage
1,713
1,731
1,834
1,773
1,886
1,911
1,924
1,921
1,942
2,001
1,887
1,895
NET GENERATION transmission high-voltage
1,708
1,726
1,829
1,769
1,881
1,907
1,918
1,916
1,936
1,996
1,881
1,890
Empresa Distribuidora de Electricidad del Este S.A.
474
486
513
515
542
536
533
500
514
557
512
520
EdeNorte Dominicana S.A.
481
476
545
456
519
536
539
515
534
533
535
542
EdeSur Dominicana S.A.
525
516
527
555
548
551
559
585
576
572
522
568
NRU
122
128
133
132
217
223
244
266
265
271
267
179
Other
73
84
80
82
10 9
8
12
9
11
9
4
1,675
1,690
1,798
1,739
1,836
1,854
1,883
1,878
1,897
1,944
1,847
1,812
34
36
31
30
45
52
35
38
39
52
34
78
1.96%
2.09%
1.67%
1.72%
2.39%
2.74%
1.84%
1.98%
2.01%
2.58%
1.83%
4.12%
Day / Hour GENERATION
DEMAND
TOTAL DEMAND Loss [MW] Loss [%]
In 2012, the total injection of electrical energy in the system was 13,329 GWh. The companies who supplied the most were AES Andres with 15.7%, HIDRO with 13.3%, ITABO S.A. with 12.1%, DPP with 10.1%, HAINA with 9.7% and SEABOARD with 9.0%. AES Dominicana contributed 37.8% of the energy in the Electricity Wholesale Market, reaching the highest market share in the generation sector.
47
AES Dominicana
PARTICIPATION PROCUREMENT POWER BY FUEL TYPE
ENERGY SUPPLY BY FUEL TYPE
0.7%
In 2012, 35.4% of the supplied energy was produced with Fuel Oil 6, holding the most participation in the fuel market; natural gas came in second with 31.2%, followed by coal coming in third with 14.6%.
13.2% 35.4%
31.2%
14.6% 4.8%
48
FUEL FUELOIL OIL6 6
VIENTO WIND
AGUA WATER
GAS NATURAL NATURAL GAS
FUEL FUELOIL OIL2 2
CARBÓN COAL MINERAL
StaTistical Report 2012
International Fuel Prices The next graph shows the average monthly price of each fuel type in US$/MMBtu. The prices for FO 6 and FO 2 were referenced by the international publications by Platts at the US Golf Coast Port. The prices of coal were referenced by FOB Bolivar Port, in Colombia with a gross heat value of 11,300 Btu/lb and the natural gas prices were referenced by the monthly average of the front month future price quotations in the NYMEX (Henry Hub). In 2012, natural gas and coal maintained the most competitive prices of those used in the Interconnected National Electrical System for the generation of thermal energy. Of the fossil fuels used for electrical generation, Fuel Oil 6 and Fuel Oil 2 maintained the highest prices.
INTERNATIONAL FUEL PRICES 2012 [US$/MMBtu] The table below presents the value of fuel prices in the international market expressed in US$/MMBtu. MINERAL CARBĂ“N COAL FUEL FUEL OILOIL 6 6
NATURAL GAS GAS NATURAL NYMEX FUEL FUEL OILOIL 2 2
25
US$/MMBtu US$/MMBTU
20 15
Fuel Oil 6 and Fuel Oil 2 maintained the highest prices.
10 5 0 ENE JAN
FEB FEB
MAR
ABR APR
MAY MAY
JUN JUN
JUL JUL
AGO AUG
SEP SEP
OCT OCT
49
NOV NOV
DICDEC
The table below presents the value of fuel prices in the international market expressed in US$/MMBtu.
AES Dominicana
FUELS INTERNATIONAL PRICES FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION 2012 [US$/MMBtu] MINERAL CARBÓN CARBÓN US$/MTCOAL NATURAL GAS GAS NATURAL GAS NATURAL US$/MMBtu FUEL OIL OIL66 FUEL FUEL OIL 6OIL US$/BBLS FUEL FUEL OIL 22
ENE JAN 4.19 95.84 2.71 2.71 16.33 102.89 21.55
FEB
MAR MAR
JUN JUN
JUL JUL
3.42 78.21 2.50 2.50 13.80 86.92 18.69
3.53 80.75 2.96 2.96 14.54 91.58 19.72
3.55 81.24 2.92 2.92 16.02 100.90 22.39
OCT OCT 3.40 77.84 3.49 3.49 15.27 96.20 22.15
DIC DEC
3.49 79.91 2.49 2.49 15.67 98.73 20.99
AGO AUG 3.74 85.66 2.80 2.80 15.80 99.56 21.66
NOV
3.86 88.22 2.30 2.30 17.72 111.62 22.89
ABR APR 3.86 88.27 2.05 2.05 17.24 108.60 22.50
MAY
3.94 90.19 2.53 2.53 17.32 109.09 22.58
3.43 78.40 3.68 3.68 14.75 92.93 21.07
3.02
3.16
3.20
3.15
2.94
2.62
2.76
3.03
3.13
3.10
2.95
3.50 80.06 3.44 3.44 14.87 93.65 21.04 2.95
FUEL OIL 2 US$/GAL
SEP SEP
Below are the prices with the original units: MINERAL US$/MT COAL US$/MT CARBÓN NATURAL GAS US$/MMBtu US$/MMBtu GAS NATURAL FUEL OIL OIL 66 US$/BBLS US$/BBLS FUEL FUEL OIL OIL 22 US$/GAL US$/GAL FUEL
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
95.84 2.71 102.89 3.02
90.19 2.53 109.09 3.16
88.22 2.30 111.62 3.20
88.27 2.05 108.60 3.15
79.91 2.49 98.73 2.94
78.21 2.50 86.92 2.62
80.75 2.96 91.58 2.76
85.66 2.80 99.56 3.03
50
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
81.24 2.92 100.90 3.13
77.84 3.49 96.20 3.10
78.40 3.68 92.93 2.95
80.06 3.44 93.65 2.95
StaTistical Report 2012
Electricity Spot Price The short-term marginal cost is the variable cost necessary to produce an additional unit of energy considering the demand and generation park available. The next graph presents 2012’s maximum and average monthly spot price.
MARGINAL COST ENERGY 2012 [US$/MWh] CMg PROM
CMg MAX
US$/MWh
US$/MMWH
300 250 200
The following table demonstrates 2012’s monthly average energy spot prices.
150 100 50 0 ENE FEB FEB MAR MAR APR ABR MAY MAY JUN JUN JUL JUL AUG AGOSEP SEP OCT OCT NOV NOV DEC DIC JAN
MARGINAL COST ENERGY 2012 [US$/MWh] JAN CMg PROM 179 CMg MAX 214
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC AVERAGE
193
204
195
198
203
188
184
204
206
197
184
195
228
241
245
240
220
203
212
228
232
222
215
225
These price comparisons must be in American dollars since energy’s marginal cost is determined by the production costs of power generation companies, whose fuel prices are acquired in the international market, which are in American dollars. Attached are the exchange rates in dollars that were used for this report.
51
AES Dominicana
Capacity Spot Price and Connection Right Capacity’s marginal cost is the price for which the transactions of Firm Capacity are valued, and is determined by what is established in Article 278 of the Regulation of the General Law of Electricity. This also corresponds to the monthly calculations for the Connection Right Unit Price, which is established in Article 364. At the end of 2005 the Superintendence of Electricity emitted Resolution No. 108 in which they ordered to recalculate the Connection Right Unit Price using the definitive capacity transactions.
CAPACITY SPOT PRICE AND CONNECTION RIGHTS 2012 [US$/KW-month] Capacity Spot Price Connection Right
US$/kW-month
12 10 8 6 4 2 0 JAN FEB
MAR APR MAY JUN
JUL
AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
The next table indicates the monthly unitary marginal cost of capacity and connection right.
CAPACITY SPOT PRICE AND CONNECTION RIGHT 2012 [US$/KW-mes] JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
Average
Capacity Spot
8.15
8.24
8.28
8.35
8.37
8.36
8.35
8.33
8.36
8.35
8.29
8.35
8.32
Connection Right
3.90
3.24
1.35
1.75
3.74
4.11
3.28
3.08
2.93
2.16
0.46
2.52
2.71
52
StaTistical Report 2012
Frequency Regulation Service The following graph demonstrates the margins contributed by each company that participated in the frequency regulation market, as well as the established norm of the General Law of Electricity, which indicates generation companies must reach between 3% and 5% of the demand, both primarily and secondarily.
PRIMARY FREQUENCY REGULATION SERVICE CONTRIBUTION 2012 [GWh] 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
AES ANDRES
DPP
HIDRO
SAN FELIPE
FALCON
HAINA
GPLV
SEABOARD
METALDOM
MONTERIO
5% Demanda
3% Demanda
Dec
AES Dominicana, with the participation of AES Andres and DPP, was the company that contributed the most in the primary regulation of frequency, with as much as 27% and 55%, bringing a total of 82% of the reserve margins in 2012, maintaining the quality and reliability of the market.
53
AES Dominicana
SECONDARY FREQUENCY REGULATION SERVICE CONTRIBUTION 2012 [GWh] 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Jan
Feb
Mar
AES ANDRES
Apr
HIDRO
May
Jun
Jul
DPP
Aug
CDEEE
Sep
5% Demanda
Oct
Nov
Dec
3% Demanda
In the secondary regulation of frequency, AES Andres and DPP contributed approximately 52% and 26%, bringing a total of 78% of the reserve margins during 2012. The hydroelectric companies and CDEEE contributed 7% each in the market, the latter through its IPP contracts. Non-Regulated Users Market
54
StaTistical Report 2012
NON-REGULATED USERS MARKET NON-REGULATED USERS MARKET EVOLUTION 2012 [GWh]
AES ANDRES SEABOARD EDESUR EDENORTE
JAN 84.14
FEB 83.72
MAR 91.98
APR 90.80
MAR 92.04
JUN 85.77
JUL 88.66
AUG 87.51
SEP 81.52
OCT 84.08
NOV 84.18
DEC 78.31
GWh 1,033
% 59.8%
3.10
3.30
3.56
3.02
3.34
6.89
7.13
7.04
7.46
7.60
7.17
6.30
66
3.8%
11.36
11.26
12.14
11.35
12.38
12.12
12.11
12.84
14.36
14.46
14.19
13.00
152
8.8%
0.61
0.63
0.68
0.65
0.76
0.76
1.91
2.90
4.31
4.57
4.60
3.53
26
1.5%
EDEESTE
17.97
15.47
19.50
19.33
24.81
23.34
26.29
25.36
25.22
26.17
25.41
25.11
274
15.9%
HIDRO
12.71
14.69
15.26
14.19
15.94
13.90
14.55
13.91
14.02
14.68
13.76
12.05
170
9.8%
MERCADO SPOT Total Retiros
0.39
1.21
1.71
1.37
1.61
0.51
0.36
0.41
0.12
0.58
0.16
0.14
9
130.28
130.27
144.82
140.71
150.88
143.28
151.01
149.98
147.01
152.14
149.48
138.44
1,728
The Superintendencia de Electricidad is the agency responsible for assessing whether a company qualifies as a Non-Regulated User. As of 2012, this institution had issued 164 licenses to enable the NRU status. However, currently only 71 are using their licenses in the wholesale electricity market. Below is the monthly amount of energy that was supplied by each agent to its NRUs during 2012. The table above shows that the NRU average monthly withdrawal in the wholesale electricity market was 124.50 GWh, which represented 11.4% of the SENI average monthly withdrawal in 2012. In addition, during 2012 the NRU total withdrawal was 1,494.04 GWh of energy, from which AES Dominicana provided 838 GWh, which represented a monthly average of 70 GWh and 56% market share for all of 2012. Only in December did AES Dominicana’s participation in the NRU market reach 59%.
55
0.5% 100.0%
AES Dominicana
The following graph shows the NRU market share evolution by agents in 2012.
NON-REGULATED USERS MARKET EVOLUTION 2012 100% 90 % 80 % 70 % 60 % 50 % 40 % 30 % 20 % 10 % 0% JAN
FEB AES ANDRES
MAR SEABOARD
APR
MAY EDESUR
JUN
JUL
EDENORTE
AUG EDEESTE
SEP
OCT
NOV
MERCADO SPOT
DEC HIDRO
This graph highlights the positioning of companies such as EDEESTE and AES Andres, the main participants in the market, followed by the hydroelectric company and EDESUR.
56
StaTistical Report 2012
Contract Market Energy Contracts, also known as PPAs (Power Purchase Agreements), are bilateral agreements for the buying and selling of electricity, capacity and other complementary services, made liberally between two parts, one who generates electricity with the purpose to sell (seller) and the other with the need to buy the electricity (buyer).
SYSTEM ENERGY SALES 2012 [GWh] Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
GWh
%
AES ANDRES
135.5
154.5
166.0
160.8
165.0
167.2
194.9
163.7
159.4
157.7
157.8
148.0
1,930.5
13.7%
DPP
103.5
98.2
104.3
109.0
124.3
124.9
125.0
119.3
119.8
117.4
112.9
112.1
1,370.7
9.7%
ITABO S.A.
125.3
120.7
129.3
130.7
150.4
148.0
152.8
147.4
147.1
146.6
137.5
135.8
1,671.6
11.8%
HAINA
150.6
145.1
158.2
159.7
188.4
196.6
206.4
204.5
228.0
254.3
239.7
239.9
2,371.3
16.8%
MONTERIO
-
-
-
-
-
-
3.1
3.0
4.8
4.5
6.5
4.1
26.0
0.2%
SEABOARD
3.1
3.3
3.6
3.0
3.3
6.9
7.1
7.0
7.5
7.6
47.5
65.8
165.7
1.2%
89.4
92.8
101.6
158.1
215.8
136.2
122.8
136.8
153.0
157.6
177.2
166.1
1,707.5
12.1%
GENERATORS
HIDRO LAESA
56.0
56.0
26.0
65.0
65.0
65.0
65.0
65.0
65.0
26.0
26.0
26.0
606.0
4.3%
CDEEE
163.4
154.5
164.9
167.4
188.6
183.6
193.6
233.1
202.8
216.8
183.0
182.0
2,233.7
15.8%
CEPP
23.2
22.3
24.2
24.4
28.3
27.8
29.1
28.4
27.9
28.3
25.8
25.8
315.7
2.2%
GPLV
79.5
72.8
88.4
84.6
96.0
99.4
105.8
92.4
103.0
101.4
99.4
102.7
1,125.5
8.0%
PVDC
-
-
-
-
-
-
26.6
30.3
35.0
33.8
13.1
21.8
160.5
1.1%
Total
794.0
765.8
800.3
901.9
1,060.2
988.4
1,037.4
1,067.2
1,093.9
1,094.3
1,068.7
1,082.2
13,684.8
96.8%
11.4
11.3
12.1
11.3
12.4
12.1
12.1
12.8
14.4
14.5
14.2
13.0
151.6
1.1%
DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES EDESUR EDENORTE EDEESTE Total
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
1.9
2.9
4.3
4.6
4.6
3.5
25.9
0.2%
18.0
15.5
19.5
19.3
24.8
23.3
26.3
25.4
25.2
26.2
25.4
25.1
274.0
1.9%
929.5
920.3
966.3
1,062.7
1,225.3
1,155.6
1,205.7
1,200.6
1,218.3
1,218.2
1,213.3
1,208.4
451.4
3.2%
AES Dominicana, as a group, held the largest market share in the contractual energy market in 2012 with AES Andres (13.7%), DPP (9.7%) and ITABO S.A. (11.8%) supplying a total of 35.2% of all contracts registered. The market share of HAINA (16.8%), CDEEE (15.8%) and HIDRO (12.1%), can also be noted.
57
AES Dominicana
GLOSSARY B BAR: The point of the electrical system prepared to deliver and withdraw electricity. BTU: British Thermal Unit of measurement. It is a unit of heat in the English European System. Its equivalent in the International System (IS) is the Calorie. The prices of Natural Gas are usually expressed in US$/MMBtu. 1 BTU is equivalent to 252 Calories (Cal). C CONTRACTS MARKET: The market for transactions of sale and purchase of electricity based on freely negotiated contracts for supply. COMBINED CYCLE: a machine composed of two phases: one phase of gas and the other phase of steam. Typically the whole entity consists of a gas turbine, a heat recuperation boiler, a steam turbine, and one or several electrical generators. F FIRM POWER: The power that can be supplied by each generating unit during peak hours, with a high level of security/safety. FREQUENCY REGULATION: Actions necessary to maintain frequency within the permissible tolerances defined for the system. The OC establishes the regulation parameters, and the generator companies are responsible for providing service through their control centers. FUEL OIL: A petroleum derivative obtained as a residue after the distilling process. Being a fuel, which is heavier than those that can be distilled at atmospheric pressure, Fuel Oil is used as a fuel for electrical energy plants, boilers, and ovens. G GAS TURBINE: A machine composed of an air compressor, a turbine especially designed for this purpose, and an electrical generator. The turbine converts thermal energy from fuel, which is produced as a result of the expansion of hot gases from the explosion of the mixture of compressed air, fuel, and flame, into mechanical energy that is used by the electrical generator to produce electricity. H HYDRAULIC TURBINE: A machine that uses kinetic energy and power from water to produce a rotation movement which, transferred through an axis, directly moves a machine or generator that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy. L LIQUID NATURAL GAS (LNG): Natural Gas processed to be transported in liquid form. It is the best alternative for transporting and storage because when transformed into liquid as atmospheric pressure and –163º C , the liquefaction process reduces the volume of gas by 600 times. M MARGINAL CENTRAL UNIT: This refers to the generating unit or units, which at optimum load dispatch increase their generation when the demand is marginally increased. MARGINAL SHORT-TERM COST: The variable costs necessary to produce one additional unit of energy, considering the demand and the generation infrastructure available. MAXIMUM ANNUAL DEMAND: The maximum gross half our demand, during a calendar year, of the total of the generator units of the system, occurring within the system´s peak hours. 58
StaTistical Report 2012
n
NATURAL GAS (NG): A mixture of gases that is frequently found in fossil beds, alone or accompanied by oil. It is composed mainly of methane in quantities greater than 90 to 95%, and in addition, usually contains other gases such as nitrogen, ethane, CO2, and traces of butane or propane, as well as small proportions of inert gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen. NON REGULATED USER (UNR): A user of the electrical service whose monthly demand exceeds the limits established by the Superintendency in order to be classified as a public user, and who fulfills the requirements established in the Regulation of the General Electricity Law.
o
OWN CONSUMPTION: The energy consumed by the auxiliary systems of a central unit or Substation.
p
PEAK POWER: Maximum power on the annual load curve. PRIMARY FREQUENCY REGULATION (PFR): Power that a generator unit can vary by automatic action of its system in the face of changes in the system’s frequency.
r p
RIGHT OF CONNECTION: The difference between the total annual cost of the transmission system and the right of use estimated for the year. The procedure to determine the right of use is established in the Regulation of the General Electricity Law.
s
SECONDARY FREQUENCY REGULATION (SFR): Power which a generator unit can vary, or modify, by automatic or manual action of its system of regulation in a sustained manner. SPOT MARKET: The market for transactions of short-term sale and purchase of electricity not based on term contracts where economic transactions are performed at Marginal Short Term Energy Cost and at Marginal Power Cost. STEAM TURBINE: A machine that transforms thermal energy from fuel into mechanical energy. Through a process of generation of steam produced in a boiler, which creates conditions of high temperature and pressure. The kinetic energy of the steam is used by the turbine to mechanically generate electricity.
v
VARIABLE PRODUCTION COST OF A THERMAL ELECTRICAL MACHINE: This corresponds to the cost of fuel placed in the plants, and used in the production of electrical energy, multiplied by the average specific consumption of the machine plus the variable non-fuel cost.
59
AES Dominicana
USA CONSUMER PRICE INDEX 2012
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
2000 2001
168.8 175.1
169.8 175.8
171.2 176.2
171.3 176.9
171.5 177.7
172.4 178.0
172.8 177.5
172.8 177.5
173.7 178.3
174.0 177.7
174.1 177.4
174.0 176.7
2002 2003 2004
177.1 181.7 185.2
177.8 183.1 186.2
178.8 184.2 187.4
179.8 183.8 188.0
179.8 183.5 189.1
179.9 183.7 189.7
180.1 183.9 189.4
180.7 184.6 189.5
181.0 185.2 189.9
181.3 185.0 190.9
181.3 184.5 191.0
180.9 184.3 190.3
2005 2006 2007
190.7 198.3 202.4
191.8 198.7 203.5
193.3 199.8 205.4
194.6 201.5 206.7
194.4 202.5 207.9
194.5 202.9 208.4
195.4 203.5 208.3
196.4 203.9 207.9
198.8 202.9 208.5
199.2 201.8 208.9
197.6 201.5 210.2
196.8 201.8 210.0
2008 2009 2010
211.1 211.1 216.7
211.7 212.2 216.7
213.5 212.7 217.6
214.8 213.2 218.0
216.6 213.9 218.2
218.8 215.7 218.0
220.0 215.4 218.0
219.1 215.8 218.3
218.8 216.0 218.4
216.6 216.2 218.7
212.4 216.3 218.8
210.2 215.9 219.2
2011 2012
220.2 226.7
221.3 227.7
223.5 229.4
224.9 230.1
226.0 229.8
225.7 229.5
225.9 229.1
226.5 230.4
226.9 231.4
226.4 231.3
226.2 230.2
225.7 229.6
60
StaTistical Report 2012
AVERAGE EXCHANGE RATE FOR PURCHASE AND SALE OF DOLLARS [2000-2012] SALE PURCHASE SALE 2001 PURCHASE SALE 2002 PURCHASE SALE 2003 PURCHASE SALE 2004 PURCHASE 2000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
SALE PURCHASE SALE PURCHASE SALE PURCHASE SALE PURCHASE SALE PURCHASE SALE PURCHASE SALE PURCHASE SALE PURCHASE
January
February
March
April
May
15.98 15.98 16.62 16.62 17.05 17.05 17.56 17.76 46.09 46.64 29.84 30.40 34.56 34.84 33.70 33.90 33.76 33.89 35.37 35.49 36.11 36.19 37.45 37.54 38.86 38.95
16.05 16.05 16.66 16.66 17.15 17.15 18.17 18.37 49.23 50.44 28.85 29.22 34.17 34.44 33.36 33.51 33.83 33.96 35.56 35.65 36.19 36.27 37.63 37.72 38.94 39.02
16.05 16.05 16.66 16.66 17.15 17.15 22.72 22.92 46.52 47.18 28.30 28.60 32.56 32.85 32.79 32.96 33.92 34.04 35.67 35.77 36.30 36.37 37.76 37.85 38.99 39.07
16.05 16.05 16.66 16.66 17.56 17.70 23.78 23.98 44.35 44.81 28.25 28.54 32.11 32.33 32.23 32.40 34.03 34.14 35.83 35.92 36.42 36.51 37.84 37.90 39.02 39.08
16.05 16.05 16.66 16.66 17.56 17.76 25.60 25.80 46.92 47.69 28.70 28.91 32.49 32.73 32.14 32.29 34.01 34.13 35.95 36.04 36.70 36.79 37.89 37.96 39.02 39.09
June
July
August
16.05 16.05 16.66 16.66 17.56 17.76 28.89 29.09 48.12 48.67 28.90 29.08 32.77 32.94 32.42 32.57 34.16 34.27 35.92 36.00 36.73 36.81 38.03 38.10 39.07 39.14
16.05 16.05 16.66 16.66 17.56 17.76 34.45 34.85 44.84 45.46 28.93 29.06 32.75 32.91 32.99 33.14 34.27 34.39 35.98 36.07 36.80 36.88 38.04 38.12 39.08 39.15
16.05 16.05 16.66 16.66 17.56 17.76 33.72 34.13 41.25 42.11 29.00 29.13 32.63 32.80 32.90 33.05 34.68 34.80 36.03 36.10 36.89 36.99 38.06 38.13 39.11 39.18
September 16.38 16.38 16.66 16.66 17.56 17.76 31.70 32.25 36.95 37.62 30.42 30.82 32.95 33.12 33.31 33.46 34.83 34.95 36.06 36.13 36.98 37.07 38.15 38.21 39.20 39.29
October November 16.45 16.45 16.66 16.66 17.56 17.76 34.91 35.23 32.27 32.98 32.41 32.70 33.47 33.66 33.46 33.59 34.99 35.09 36.09 36.16 37.21 37.29 38.30 38.37 39.43 39.53
16.49 16.49 16.76 16.76 17.56 17.76 39.74 40.24 29.56 30.13 33.25 33.54 33.56 33.69 33.41 33.53 35.19 35.32 36.09 36.17 37.22 37.30 38.44 38.51 39.94 40.05
December 16.53 16.53 16.97 16.97 17.56 17.76 37.44 37.82 28.86 29.33 33.12 33.39 33.09 33.30 33.52 33.66 35.26 35.39 36.09 36.16 37.31 37.40 38.55 38.63 40.17 40.29
Average 16.18 16.18 16.69 16.69 17.45 17.59 29.06 29.37 41.25 41.92 30.00 30.28 33.09 33.30 33.02 33.17 34.41 34.53 35.89 35.97 36.74 36.82 38.01 38.09 39.24 39.32
*FUENTE: BANCO CENTRAL DE LA REPÚBLICA DOMINICANA
61
AES Dominicana
LOW AND HIGH HEATING VALUES OF COMMON FUELS PCS PCS Kcal/Kg PCS PCS Liquid Fuels Kcal/Kg OIL 10,800 PCS PCS Liquid OLEO Fuels DIESEL 10,750 Kcal/Kg OIL 10,800 OLEO FUEL 10,090 Liquid Fuels OLEO DIESEL LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS 10,750 11,750 OIL FUEL 10,800 OLEO 10,090 PCS OLEO DIESEL 10,750 LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS 11,750 Kcal/m3 OLEO FUEL 10,090 PCS Gaseous Fuels LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS 11,750 Kcal/m3 HUMID NATURAL GAS 10,454 PCS Gaseous Fuels GAS DRY NATURAL 9,256 Kcal/m3 HUMID NATURAL GAS 10,454 PCS Gaseous Fuels GAS DRY NATURAL 9,256 Kcal/Kg HUMID NATURAL GAS 10,454 PCS Solid Fuels DRY NATURAL GAS 9,256 Kcal/Kg CHARCOAL 7,500 PCS Solid COALFuels COKE 7,300 Kcal/Kg CHARCOAL 7,500 Solid COALFuels COKE 7,300 CHARCOAL 7,500 COAL COKE 7,300
PCI PCS PCI PCI PCS PCI Kcal/Kg Kcal/L Kcal/L PCI PCS PCI PCI PCS PCI Kcal/Kg Kcal/L Kcal/L 10,008 9,374 8,686 PCI PCS PCI PCI PCS PCI 10,000 9,159 8,680 Kcal/Kg Kcal/L Kcal/L 10,008 9,374 8,686 9,583 10,217 8,318 10,000 9,159 8,680 11,000 6,486 9,548 10,008 9,374 8,686 9,583 10,217 8,318 PCI PCS PCI 10,000 9,159 8,680 11,000 6,486 9,548 Kcal/m3 9,583 Kcal/m3 10,217 Kcal/m3 8,318 PCI PCS PCI 11,000 6,486 9,548 Kcal/m3 8,240 Kcal/m3 43,770 Kcal/m3 34,500 PCI PCS PCI 8,500 38,750 35,584 Kcal/m3 8,240 Kcal/m3 43,770 Kcal/m3 34,500 PCI PCS PCI 8,500 38,750 35,584 Kcal/Kg Kj/Kg Kj/Kg 8,240 43,770 34,500 PCI PCS PCI 8,500 38,750 35,584 Kcal/Kg Kj/Kg Kj/Kg 6,500 30,560 27,213 PCI PCS PCI 6,998 30,560 29,299 Kcal/Kg Kj/Kg Kj/Kg 6,500 30,560 27,213 6,998 30,560 29,299 6,500 30,560 27,213 6,998 30,560 29,299
PCS PCS Kj/L PCS PCS Kj/L 39,250 PCS PCS 38,350 Kj/L 39,250 42,780 38,350 27,160 39,250 42,780 38,350 27,160 42,780 27,160
PCI PCI Kj/L PCI PCI Kj/L 36,371 PCI PCI 36,343 Kj/L 36,371 34,827 36,343 39,977 36,371 34,827 36,343 39,977 34,827 39,977
Energy Units
Joule
J
Cal
Btu
KVh
J
1
0.2388
0.009478
2.77E-07
Caloríes British Thermal Unit
Cal
4.1869
1
0.0039683
1.163E-06
Btu
1055.06
252
1
0.0002931
KiloWatt Hour
KVh
3600000
8598000
3412.14
1
62
StaTistical Report 2012
Mass Units Kg
Ton.
Large Ton
Short Ton
Pound
Kilo
Kg
1
0.001
0.000984
0.001102
2.2046
Ton
T
1000
1
0.984207
1.10231
2204.62
Large Ton
TL
1016
1.016
1
1.12
2240
Short Ton
TC
907
0.907
0.892857
1
2000
Pound
Lb
0.000446429
0.0005
1
Kg / m3
Lb / Feet3
Lb / Gl (UK)
Lb / Gl (US)
m3
1
0.062428
0.010022
0.008345
Pie3
16.0185
1
0.160544
0.133681
0.4535 0.0004535
Density Units Kilogram per Cubic Meter
Kg /
Pound per Cubic Feet
Lb /
Pound per UK Gallon
Lb / Gl (UK)
99.7764
6.22884
1
0.83268
Pound per US Gallon
Lb / Gl (US)
119.826
7.48047
1.20094
1
Volume Units Inch3
cm3
M3
Feet3
cm3
1
0.000001
0.0000353
M3
1000000
1
Cubic Feet
Pie3
28320.589
0.028317
Cubic Inch
Pulgada3
16.387
UK Gallon
Gal (UK)
4546.09
0.004546
0.160544
US Gallon
Gal (US)
3785.41
0.003785
0.133681
BBL
158984
0.158988
Litro (Lt)
1000.028
0.001
Cubic Centimeters Cubic Meters
Barrel Liter
Gal (UK)
Gal (USA)
BBL
Liter (Lt)
0.06102
0.00021997
0.00026417
6.2899E-06
0.006102
35.3147
61000
219.969
264.17
6.28976
1000.028
1
1727.556
6.2288
7.4805
0.178107
28.321
1
0.00360465
0.00432898
277.42
1
1.20094
0.028594
4.54596
231
0.83268
1
0.02381
3.78533
5.6146
9698.024
34.9726
42
1
158.984
0.03531
61.0255
0.219976
0.264178
1
0.0063
0.00001639 0.00057863
63
0.0001031 0.0163866
AES DOMINICANA Administrative Offices: Av. Winston Churchill 1099, Piantini Citi Group - Acr贸polis Tower, 23th floor CP 10148 Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Telephone: (809) 955-2223 Fax: (809) 955-8413 Webpage: www.aesdominicana.com.do
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