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Bui ldi ng Analysi sProject Fall2013
Bui l di ngA 295S out hWa t erS t . Kent , Ohi o
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FLOOR PLATE AND PROGRAM
STRUCTURE
BUILDING ENVELOPE
Building Service Routes Deliveries are most easily accomplished by entering Alley No. 5 from S. Water St. A parking lot is located behind the building where trucks and other delivery vehicles can enter. There seems to be no area soley dedicated to service so the best option for moving deliveries into the building would be by moving them through the centrally located exit door to the left of the parking lot. Delivery vehicles can then continue around the parking lot back to towards the alley and turn on S. Depeyster St. (See diagram to left)
Service Path Building Once in the building, service issues are most easily accomplished by using the centrally located hallway to the elevator located at the building’s core (highlighted in dark red). This appears to be the only elevator. Locations for possible mail rooms can be located right alongside the central hallway to provide ease of access or to the left of the corridor by the fire stairs and equipment room.
Possible Mail Rooms Delivery Routes
MEP SYSTEMS
SAFETY, CODE ISSUES, BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY
FLOOR PLATE AND PROGRAM
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BUILDING ENVELOPE
MEP SYSTEMS
SAFETY, CODE ISSUES, BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY
Daylighting Analysis As tenant spaces become further developed, daylighting will become an issue. The greater the distance from the window the less daylight the space will recieve. Smaller spaces such as offices can decrease the amount of daylight a space gets. Interior walls placed around these smaller spaces will block sunlight towards the center of the building. This affects how tenant space should be planned. Smaller enclosed offices should be centrally located with larger office spaces by fenestration to allow an increased amount of daylight into each floor. The less interior walls a a building has the more daylight spaces will recieve. As tenant spaces increase, methods for maintaining daylight such as transparent interior walls should be considered.
Glass to Rentable Floor Area Sheet A108 of the Architectural Construction Packet contains call outs of every window type with their dimensions. Looking at every elevation of the building, found on sheets A401 and A402, and categorizing each type of window and the quantity, a total glazing amount can be calculated. Total Glazing Area: 5,724 sq-ft *Approx. 5,500-6000 sq-ft
Total Rentable Space: 37996 sq-ft Glass to Rentable Floor Space Ratio: 17.7%
FLOOR PLATE AND PROGRAM
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Electrical and Mechanical Floor Chases
Floor Area dedicated to Electrical and Mechanical Chases % of Chase to First Floor Area: 0.5% % of Chase to Second Floor Area: 0.46% % of Chase to Third Floor Area: 0.7% Three sections of the floor area are dedicated to mechanical and electrical chases. Two are located on every floor by the staircases and one on the third floor between the other two. The two areas located by the stairs take up approximately 39 and 32 sq-ft. The section located on the third floor takes up an area of approximately 42 sq-ft. Combined square footage of these areas on the first and second floors are 71 sq-ft and 113 sq-ft on the third floor.
MEP SYSTEMS
SAFETY, CODE ISSUES, BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY
Building Security Doors: Referenced from Sheet A108 of Architectural Construction drawings - There is an automated entry system that can be accessed by selected management card holders that will engage or disengage locking systems. These codes are set by management. - Interior doors unlocked at all times. - Stairwell side of doors should be locked at all times. Entrance to tenant space requires a key. Tenant side of door should always be unlocked. Fire alarm required deactivation by tenant. - Dogging of exit devices disengages locking and doors remain unlocked. Interior is always unlocked. - Entrance into stairwell at ground level as well as access to second and third level tenant floors requires access card. Tenant side of door is always unlocked. Fire alarm deactivation. **Door Schedule on A108 provides specific requirements for door security.
Foundations Foundation System Types: -4” thick slab on grade rein. w/ 6x6 w1.4 x w1.4 W.W.F. (mid depth) -24” width x 8” deep thickened slab rein. w/ (2) #4 bars (below stair stringer bearings) -30” width x 8” deep thickened slab rein. w/ (3) #4 bars (below stair post bearings)
Typical Design Soil Bearing Pressure -Compacted aggregate sub-base -Bear all footings on firm undisturbed soil or engineered fill having a minimum bearing capacity of 2500 lbs per sqft.
Structure Structural System -Structural steel 2 way post and beam with areas of brick support framing. The structural grid divides the plan into rectangular sections and forms well around fire stair placement. A hallway from stair to stair can easily follow the structural grid without columns interfering. This organization allows a flexible placement of programs when needed. The flexibility is apparent through the open layout of each floor. The rectangular layout creates efficient spaces for occupancy and provides an even distrabution of rentable program.
Structural Grid: Beams Joists Girders Columns
Structural Member Columns
Girders
Beams
Joists Slabs
Type W10x49 W24x76 W18x50 W18x60 W33x118 W30x99 W16x26 W21x44 W18x35 W18x50 W27x84 W16x26 W18x35 5"
Quantity 33 5 1 3 10 9 1 55 26 20 3 1 1
* Spacing dimensions are found on the second and third floor framing plans
FLOOR PLATE AND PROGRAM
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BUILDING ENVELOPE
Exterior Materials
Facade Material Relation to Building Form The facade materials divide the building’s overall form into simple almost modular rectangular shapes. The shapes provide a clear organization of the buildings form and making the interior program apparent on the buildings envelope. The brick sections mimmick Kent’s historical building types and integrates it into the city’s urban context. The lighter brick on the west facade provides contrast from the darker brick and creates a welcoming feeling as people enter the buildings core. Large glazing on the ground floor provides a connection from indoor to outdoor so people can get a feel of what happens within the spaces. The glazing on the ground floor gives a public feeling while the upper glazing indicates a more private program. Horizontal stone elements frame the rectangular brick sections and designate a clear top and bottom to the overall form.
West Elevation
East Elevation
MEP SYSTEMS
SAFETY, CODE ISSUES, BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY
Composition of Wall Assembly
Compositional Relationship Diagram
- Exterior finished with 5 5/8” face brick framed with horizonal stone elements and window units. - Infill is composed of 5/8” exterior gypsum board, 4” and 6” metal stud walls with BATT insulation connected to the buildings steel frame. Skin to Structural Frame Relationship The building’s skin connects to the sturctural frame through the double stud walls with insulation. Steel columns, girders and beams stabalize the exterior facade with brick ties and control joints. The exterior material use reflects the structural frame by cooresponding stone elements to the concrete decks and foundation. The stone is articulated in a horizontal fashion to indicate the building’s levels. Brick and window glazing relate to the building’s usable space.
South Elevation
Face brick Stone and concrete decks/foundation Stud walls with insulation Steel framing Force distribution *Forces upon the envelope are transferred at an angle to the stud walls and steel frame, which then transfer the forces vertically into the foundation.
North Elevation
FLOOR PLATE AND PROGRAM
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MEP SYSTEMS
SAFETY, CODE ISSUES, BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY
FLOOR PLATE AND PROGRAM
STRUCTURE
BUILDING ENVELOPE
HVAC Systems with required cfm - Johnson controls gas/electric rooftop unit (36000 CFM) with economizer, power exhaust, VAV controls, and insulated roofcurb (max 9000 CFM) (1080-1125 MBH) - Price SDV5000 Series Variable Air Volume (VAV) system with electrical reheat - 10kW: 1660 CFM/ 1600 CFM - 6kW: 1040 CFM - Price FDV5000 Seires Variable Air Volume (VAV) fan terminal units with electrical reheat - 5kW: 750 CFM/ 650 CFM/ 625 CFM - 10kW: 1275 CFM - 8kW: 1300 CFM/ 1200 CFM/ 950 CFM - 3.5kW: 450 CFM/ 430 CFM - 9kW: 1400 CFM - 6kW: 950 CFM/ 730 CFM/ - (5kW) Markel 3320 Series Architectural forced air electric wall heater - (5kW) Markel electric unit heater (17.1 MBH) - 12x12 Bathroom Exhaust fans 300 CFM Reason for choice The projected building use is composed a program of multiple activities that requires varying amounts of airflow. The VAV systems chosen can supply air at varying pressures to accommodate these differing spaces. Each zone can control temperature through its own thermostate where it controls the air volume and temperature in a single duct, saving money. Fan terminal units are placed claser to fenestration to circulate outside air while regular VAV units are located towards the building’s core. The ducts run parrallel to structural grid with two main parallel units. This was chosen as an economical and efficient way to supply air to the simple building form. The VAV systems cut down costs that would be hightened if a separate system was used for each program use. System types and components: Variable Air Volume Fan-Powered Terminal Box Variable Air Volume Box Gas-Electric Rooftop Unit Supply Air Duct (72x22)(2nd/3rd/roof: 48x70) Return Air Duct (2nd: 56x48)(3rd/roof: 54x82) MUA Duct (28x28) Vertical Supply Exhaust Fans (2-HR) Fire Dampers Duct Sizes 20x20 40x20 70x26 32x16
48x20 28x28 36x20 24x16
Duct Sizes 0 - 12 13 - 30 31 - 54 55 - 84 >84
Air Volume (cfm) Branch Run-Outs 0 - 100 6" Ø 101 - 250 8" Ø 251 - 400 10" Ø 401 - 600 12" Ø 601 - 900 14" Ø
*Run-Outs represented on plan with a *Building Shell Ventilation Requirements: - Total Outside Air Required: 6500CFM - (max) 9000 CFM *All equipment complies with the ASHRAE standards for noise and vibration control. Max: 90 dbA *Supply and Return air in single duct
MEP SYSTEMS
SAFETY, CODE ISSUES, BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY
FLOOR PLATE AND PROGRAM
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HVAC relation to other systems: - The primary ducts run along primary sturctural grid. - Ducts run parallel to interior steel columns where future interior walls may be placed. - Vertical ducts run through chases located in mechanical closests by fire stairs. - HVAC powered by centrally located electric control room by elevator. - Exhast fans placed in areas of increased plumbing such as bathrooms/ kitchens
HVAC relation to structural grid:
MEP SYSTEMS
SAFETY, CODE ISSUES, BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY
FLOOR PLATE AND PROGRAM
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MEP SYSTEMS
SAFETY, CODE ISSUES, BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY
FLOOR PLATE AND PROGRAM
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Electrical Panel Room Transformer Electrical Meter Emergency generator/ Emergency lighting
*All emergency fixtures are powered by panel HP *Fixtures are placed next to stairs and around building exterior
Horizontal distribution (Office space)
*Office power is distributed from panel 2HMP *Electrical lines run along mechanical and structural systems and through future wall cavities *Typical circuit capacities: 4-10kW 480V
*Vertical electrical circulation
follows structural systems through walls and ceilings
Communication distribution
*Telecommunication system powered by exterior pullbox *Route vertically through 4” PVC to second floor panel room *Second floor panel room houses 4’ telephone backboard and (3) 4” incoming tele/data conduits
Lighting Loads Tenant Use Area Sqft Loads(KW) Restaurant 5000 200 House 2200 299 Restaurant 5165 207 Retail 1440 30 Retail 1500 29 Retail 400 8 Office 15750 237 Office 15750 237
Watts/sqft 50 135.9 50 20 20 20 15.04 15.04
Amps 300 360 249 36 35 12 285 285
*Lighting loads for additional tennant spaces are undetermined because the placement of these spaces are unresolved.
Size and capacity of lighting fixtures Uses *A and AE fixtures generally used for main cirulation and bathrooms *B and BE fixture generally used for stair lighting *C fixtures used for panel rooms *D and DE fixtures generally used for primary bathroom lighting *EP fixtures used for elevator lighting *Emergency light fixtures
MEP SYSTEMS
SAFETY, CODE ISSUES, BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY
FLOOR PLATE AND PROGRAM
STRUCTURE
BUILDING ENVELOPE
Relation to Other Systems Electrical Rooms in Relation to Service The electrical rooms are located directly beside the elevator and the main stairway in the center of the building. This allows maintenance to easily access these spaces without interrupting tenant spaces. Electrical rooms are also located directly beside HVAC chases, which allow electric to be ran vertically and directly into the electrical room, saving wiring costs as well as providing ease of installation. System Choices contributing to Potential Energy Savings The electrical system is broken up into different circuits, based on the area which they cover. These circuits then can help to regulate electrical usage. It allows each tenant to have a separate electrical bill. Separate electrical systems also can reduce energy costs. Circuits not in use will be turned off, allowing only lights which are needed to be in use. Emergency lighting on the exterior and in egress portions of the building will come on as needed relying on the backup generator. These emergency lights do not need to be on at all times or during day lighting hours. The mechanical system is a VAV reheat with additional fan terminal units. This system can potentially contribute to energy savings if used properly. The system only supplies the necessary amount of conditioned air to each zone. This can greatly reduce the energy used by the fan units. The system can be controlled to shut off when a zone is not being used, so unneccessary energy usage is avoided. How the Building Envelope affects Various Electrical Loads The building envelope has windows on each side of the building, which means that day lighting will illuminate interior spaces along the perimeter. During daylight hours, spaces close to windows will not need electrical lighting, while spaces more toward the center of the building may need lighting turned on. Elevators, fire stairs, and regular stairs are enclosed by walls requiring lights to be on at all times inside these spaces. Bathrooms also do not have any windows requiring constant lighting in these spaces while in use. Automatic lighting sensors can be installed to reduce energy usage while the space is not occupied. A building envelope with a significant R value will also help to reduce the electrical costs to operate HVAC systems.
MEP SYSTEMS
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FLOOR PLATE AND PROGRAM General Code Issues Building Use Groups Non Separated Mixed Use Assembly (Group A-2) - Primary Use Business (Group B) Mercantile (Group M) Incidental Uses: Storage (Group S-1) Utility (Group U) Contruction Type Type IIB Non-Protected - Open Steel Joist Construction
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According to section 303.1 of the OBC, type A-2 includes uses for restaurants, night clubs, bars and banquet halls. Assembly (A-2)
Stair Towers
Mercantile (B)
Fire Rated Doors
Buisiness (B) The ground floor is inteded to be used for assembly and mercantile uses, restaurants, shops, ect., while the upper floors house spaces for business uses.
MEP SYSTEMS
SAFETY, CODE ISSUES, BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY
Floor Areas Ground Floor: Gross = 15,534 s.f. Net = 13,638 s.f. Second Floor: Gross = 15,441 s.f. Net = 13,203 s.f. Third Floor: Gross= 15,441s.f Net = 13,203 s.f.
*According to Table 503 of the OBC, the maximum allowable floor area is 9,500 s.f. Due to sprinkler system exception, section 506.3 of the OBC, an increased total of 28,500 s.f. is allowed. *According to 504.3 of the OBC, the automatic sprinkler increase allows 3 stories for building use A-2.
*Floor Areas exclude suggested hallway space. For more information, refer to the Floor Plate and Program pages.
Rated Construction Structural Component
Occupancy Loads Ground Floor: 909 (A-2/M) Second Floor: 400 (B) Third Floor: 400 (B) Total: 2,669 *Each floor 15 net s.f. of floor area per occupant *Assembly areas have higher occupancy loads, therefore, the ground level is the only possible floor for this use due to increased amount of exits. Upper floors have smaller occupancy loads because there are only two fire exits per floor. Rated Doors *Rated doors include fire stair doors and mechanical/circuit room doors.
Structural Frame (columns/girders/trusses) Bearing Walls Exterior Interior Non Bearing Walls Interior Floor Construction (Beams/Joists) Roof Construction (Beams/Joists) Fire Separation Distance Exterior Wall < 5' 5' </= x <10' 10' </= x< 30' >/= 30' Fire Walls Shaft Enclosures Fire Partitions Exit Discharge Corridors Exit Discharge Ceiling Opening Protectives Misc Rated Ceilings Stair Towers
Door Number (HR) 100C 101 103 201 206 301 306
Rating
UL
0 HR. 0 HR. 0 HR. 0 HR. 0 HR. 0 HR. 0 HR. 0 HR. 1 HR. 1 HR. 0 HR. 0 HR. None Req. 0 HR. 1 HR. 0 HR. 0 HR. 0 HR. 1 HR. 1 HR.
#U423 #U423 #U437 #U437 #U437 #U423
Fire Rating 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
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MEP SYSTEMS
SAFETY, CODE ISSUES, BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY
23.40%
People Using Ground Exit
53.20% 23.40%
Upper Floors Exit to Lobby Upper Floors Exit to Outside
FLOOR PLATE AND PROGRAM
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BUILDING ENVELOPE
MEP SYSTEMS
SAFETY, CODE ISSUES, BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY