CES Newsletter by Ikramullah Khan

Issue No. 1 Vol. No. 1 January 2014

CENTRE FOR ENERGY SYSTEMS (CES) - NUST

CES - CAS NUST Newsletter Provide leadership, research, support, and policy development in renewable energy & conventional energy, & emerging technologies

in the energy sector

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGY (NUST) H-12, Islamabad - Pakistan Ph: +92-51-9085-5101 Fax: +92-51-9085-5272

WELCOME TO CES-NUST

The Center for Energy Systems (CES) was launched in June, 2011 to provide impetus to energy sector programs and support and consolidate related activities/ projects with a view to contributing to the national economy in times of energy crisis. It was inaugurated on January 9, 2012. Collaborating partners from Canada, USA, UK, RSA and KSA warmly participated in the event. The main objective of the center is provision of sustainable supply of energy at affordable rates with a greater share of renewable in the energy mix to reduce environmental footprint. The center's vision resides in setting up pilot plants to demonstrate the feasibility of specific programs in various energy sectors and to perform advanced research, thus fostering a meaningful and sustainable academia-industry collaboration. The center incorporates existing institutes to this core mission. The mission of the center is to create an ecosystem for addressing energy requirements by influencing policy makers, developing technologies, human resource and mobilizing communities for energy conservation The Energy Center outreach is triggered by its interaction with its multiple research and technical collaboration partners both at home and abroad. The center at NUST is already connected with counterparts in the US and elsewhere in the world. Under the current HEC-USAID initiative, NUST is committed to make this center a world class energy center of excellence, whereby pilot plants in the areas of accelerated biofuels, more efficient microhydel turbines, gas to liquid processes, solar modules and thin films, and indigenous development of windmills will be rigorously taken up. Apart from maintaining close networking within the country with relevant institutions, the Centre of Excellence in Combustion, Incineration, Gasification, Energy Engineering Sheffield University, US NSF through Oregon State University USA, University of Calgary Canada, and University of Witwatersrand are on board with NUST to take this initiative forward. NRG Biofuels Calgary Canada is proactively involved in R&D of the Energy Centre at NUST. Further effective collaborations will be forged as the energy center of excellence evolves and grows with due diligence and in due course.

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Welcome

Contents CONTENTS 03 Message

Faculty Members

CES Event News 2013 History of Pakistan's Energy Sector with the Curtsy of Pakistan Acadamy of Sciences & CAC-NUST

List of Research Papers Published by NUST Faculty and Students in Journals CES-NUST Research & Industry Projects

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PRINCIPALâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S MESSAGE The Center for Energy Systems was announced in June 2011 with the vision to be a world class education and applied research centre dedicated to resolving Pakistan's Energy crises leading to sustainable development of the country through enterprise activities. The inauguration of renewable energy labs, research journal and center website took place in January 2012. It was recognized as the USAID Center for Advanced Studies in April 2012 following a competitive bid. It launched its maiden MS degree program in Energy Systems Engineering as of fall 2012, the only program in the country, inviting great attention. The MS degree program together with Bio Fuel Park generously funded by NRG Bio Fuels Canada was retroactively inaugurated on November 10, 2012. We signed MoUs with three leading industries namely FFCL, ICI and SPC-APTMA to reinforce Academia-industry linkage. These industries are both users and producers of energy with active programs in energy management. The 2nd issue of the NUST Energy Solutions was also brought out on this occasion. Academia-industry linkages will be fostered for innovation performance. This linkage is vital for commercially driven work and outputs. Industry provides the means through which individual discoveries become value added products. Likewise core technologies likely to spark new industries often result from university patents. An industrial exhibition depicting latest gadgets on renewable energy technologies was held concurringly. The Centre's outreach is triggered by its collaborating partners both at home and abroad. Our international partners are located across four continents with whom we have working relations and even joint publications that include NRG Canada, OSU USA, Koroto Sheffield UK, Witts and, Monomer RSA, UKM Malaysia, ASEAN, and Tsingua University China, among others. We profoundly realize this equation at NUST and will keep striving to sustain and strengthen it. The Center featured in all major international energy moots like NASIC, World Future Energy Summit, International Conference on Climate Change, VESSCCA, AGL, China Pakistan Cooperation Conference, UKPK Coal Conference, UN ESCAP APCTT, 5th South Asia Economic Summit, NDU and HEC-USAID workshop on promoting university industry interaction,International Conference at Beirut and India-Pakistan Dialog on Energy and Climate Change, In a short span of about a year CES faculty has contributed over half a dozen papers and two US patents on innovative technologies. Our faculty and students appeared on the popular TV show Sabz Inqlab (Green Revolution) to create awareness among farmers and the public at large about the prospects of energy crops and the production of Bio Fuels. As part of the Policy Dialogue Series of the SDPI, CES NUST reviewed the Pakistan Power Sector Outlook report on KESC and provided their analysis which is published as commendations. Since its inception CES has developed and demonstrated several technologies including Pakistan's first solarized Photo bioreactor for Algae production, Solar assisted hydrogen production for efficient fuel combustion, our partners NRG Biofuel Canada planted Jatropha field on 5 acres in southern Punjab to test on a commercial scale its prototype technology which enables highly efficient bio oil expression. Our thanks to Mr. Nawab Latif Abbasi for dedicating the land for this project. We have recently designed and fabricated an autoclave that will enable any kind of biomass including Algae to be directly converted to liquid fuel. We have also successfully developed and synthesized the catalyst to convert Syngas into diesel for which a pilot scale plant will be set up at NUST soon. We appreciate the support of Planning Commission and FFCL in this direction. Under the USAID-CAS program, CES ventures to develop into an international center of excellence compared with the best in the world. Leading edge facilities in solar, fuel cells, clean coal and bio fuels will be established. It will raise 250 outstanding graduates and conduct 50 applied projects in active engagement with US counterparts and local industry over the next five years.

Dr. Mohammad Bilal Khan T.I. Principal/Dean CES-CAS NUST

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VISION

Vision is to be a world class education and applied research centre dedicated to resolving Pakistan's Energy crises contributing to sustainable development of the country through enterprise activities and academia-industry collaboration.

MISSION

Our mission is to create a globally recognized centre of excellence for the next generation academia and industry leaders in Energy. Our aim is to address Pakistan's energy challenges by influencing Policy Makers, developing Human Resource and Technologies, promoting Applied Research, protecting our Environment and mobilizing communities to contribute to sustainable economic growth of Pakistan

Energy Research Agenda: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

Provide leadership, research, support, and policy development in renewable energy and emerging technologies particularly Wind, Solar and Thermal; Advance the goal of developing hydropower; emphasis on small hydel Promote technologies, practices, and programs that increase efficiency in energy utilization in homes, businesses, and public buildings; Advance the goal of using Biomass to produce power Emphasize energy policies that lead to cost-conscious, responsible development of Pakistan's energy resources and commitment to environmental quality; To address and generate awareness to further the efficient and environmentally responsible use of renewable energy.

5 Progressive Levels: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

International level multidisciplinary graduates and post graduates training programs Technical and financial sustainability Effective curriculum reform High quality applied research to meet country needs Efficient governance and leadership

CES-NUST Programs:

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FACULTY MEMBERS

Dr. Muhammad Bilal Khan Degree : MS USA, DIC/PhD UK Specialisation : Energy, Strategic Composites

Dr. Qamar Mehboob Malik Degree : M.Sc. (USA), PhD (UK) Discipline Petroleum Engineering Specialisation : Reservoir Engineering/Biofuels

Dr. Zuhair S Khan (HoD) Degree : MS Engineering (Linkoping Univ., Sweden), Ph.D. (Kyoto Univ., Japan) Specialisation : Advanced Materials, Thin Films, Surface+Coatings Technology, SOFCs, and other advanced energy materials.

Dr. Ehsan Ali

Dr. Parvez Akhter

Degree : PhD in Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology

Degree : Ph.D Solid State & Surface Physics, Sussex University, UK

Dr. Adeel Waqas

Dr. Majid Ali

Degree : PhD(Energy Technology)

Degree : Ph.D. (Nuclear Energy Science and Technology), Harbin Engineering University, China

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Faculty Members Mr. Shahid Hussain Ansari

Mr. Ahmad Sohail

Degree : MSc. Chemical Engineering

Degree : MSc 2001, DU Sweden, MS 2002 DU Sweden

Mr. Fawad Kashan

Mr. Rashid Wazir

Degree : MS-Technology Management University of Bridgeport, USA

Degree : M.S. Energy Technology (Uppsala University, Sweden)

Ms. Najia Khan

Engr. Tariq Iqbal Malik

CES-CAS NUST Consultant Degree : MBA Finance, (IBA Karachi)

DD Admin CES Degree: MBA, MIS, BS (Hons)

M. Amin Durrani

Engr. Naveed Ahmed

Degree : B.E. Chemical Engineering (DCET Karachi)

Degree : BSc. Chemical Engineering (Punjab University)

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CES EVENT NEWS 2013 UNIDO â&#x20AC;&#x201C; GEZ in collaboration with

Center for Energy Systems (CES) NUST

UNIDO- GEZ in collaboration with CES NUST, as one of the partner, has launched a Project titled â&#x20AC;&#x153;Promoting Sustainable Energy Production and Use from Biomass in Pakistan"on 27th September 2013 in a ceremony at Serena Hotel Islamabad. Federal Minister for Information, Broadcasting and National Heritage; Mr. Pervaiz Rashid chaired this event as the chief guest. The total Project's worth is USD 1.8 Million. CES NUST has been assigned to conduct one component of the Project, that is,"Capacity building and strengthening of technology support system" with a budget of USD 405,000. It encompasses the components including R&D development for biomass gasification technologies (BGTs) at CES, training of industrial manpower on BGTs and evaluating the potential of biomass gasifier fabrication at local level. The ceremony commenced with recitation of Holy Quran followed by speech from invited speakers on importance of biomass gasification for energy purposes. The plenary talk on the occasion was delivered by Mr. Alois P Mhlanga, Industrial Development Officer from UNIDO Vienna Austria. Mr. Alois mentioned that Project is focused on the efficient utilization of biomass to benefit the SMEs and rural communities in Pakistan. Mr. Muhammad Ahmad, National Project Manager UNIDO for Biomass in Pakistan highlighted the successful implementation of this technology in our neighboring countries and aimed to replicate the same in Pakistan in cooperation with UNIDO. Dr. M. Bilal Khan, Principal CES NUST made a comprehensive speech to highlight the imbalance of our energy mix and prospects of BGTs contributing towards global campaign for the massive reduction of CO2 emissions which will restore the natural milieu of our planet and meet the energy crisis in Pakistan. He further added that the launching of UNIDO's Project will be helpful to set the trends of biomass to energy, and Pakistan can produce 5000MW of electricity every year using only available biomass. He further said that the biomass Project will implement energy efficient utilization in this non-commercial energy Sector which accounts for almost 50% of energy.

CES NUST awarded USD 405,000 for the UNIDO Project consumed in the rural areas. As a distinguished speaker and Principal Investigator of Project from CES-NUST, Dr. Ehsan Ali also made a detailed presentation highlighting the biomass issues and their remedy using R&D facilities at CES NUST leading to an established infrastructure with trained man power to work for optimized outcomes from targeted BGTs. The Project is focused to introduce biomass gasifiers to small and medium enterprises using biomass, and training of the industrial manpower to handle and replicate this technology at the local level successfully. Mr. Pervaiz Rashid appreciated the initiative by UNIDO-GEF to contribute in the renewable energy Sector in Pakistan.

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Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (GCMS) Equipment worth USD 50, 000 donated by NRG Biofuels Canada GCMS Equipment worth USD 50, 000 donated by NRG Biofuels to CES NUST NRG Biofuels Canada recently donated a Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (GCMS) worth USD 50,000 to CES NUST as part of their ongoing support in the renewable energy domain. CEO NRG Biofuels, Mr. Chris Willmann stated; "I am pleased to announce and follow up in deeds on our commitment made in March 2011 as part of the joint MoU between CES NUST and NRG Biofuels Inc. to arrange in furnishing certain lab equipment to CES NUST. At this time we would like to take the opportunity to donate a Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrograph to fasten the research efforts conducted on our behalf and as a sign of goodwill". Principal CES extended his compliments in his response; "We would like to thank you for your continued support as evidenced by your current donation of this precious piece of equipment. Because of your generosity we are able to further our mission in advancing the cause of applied research at NUST. A GCMS is crucial to our current line of experiments. It means a world to us and all of the researchers who are able to participate in the ongoing research". NRG Biofuels previously donated variety of equipments to establish the renewable energy lab and established Biofuel Park at NUST, apart from supporting human resource in terms of research associates and technicians. With the current donation the company's investment at NUST now exceeds PKR 35 Million.

Foreign Experts Visit to Center for Energy Systems (CES) NUST Mr. HE, a Chinese Engineer and Dr. Xinying Liu, senior faculty and distinguished researcher at the University of South Africa paid an extended 3 weeks visit to CES NUST to supervise the installation and commissioning of the GTL Lab funded by FFCL at a cost of USD 65,000. The research facility consisting of advanced instruments, controllers, transformers, Syngas supply system, vertical reactors, downstream separators and GC analysis equipment was installed and tested by the overseas experts with the help of local team. The facility is the first of its kind in Pakistan and second in the world to be housed by any University. Following installation of the facility, Dr. Liu delivered a stimulating talk on XTL processes (conversion of carbon resources into liquid fuel). XTL is an important theme which covers the fundamental technology involved in the conversion of coal, natural gas, or biomass to high quality clean burning diesel fuel. The technology originally developed by petroleum lean and coal rich Germany at the fading stage of World War-II,and has henceforth become commercialized. However it is owned and practiced by only a few companies in the world, namely, Sasol, Shell, Exxon-Mobile and Cyntroleum. Sasol Co. of South Africa is producing 160,000 barrels of XTL diesel per day at an average price of USD 30 per barrel. In Pakistan's context, with 60 coal gasifiers at a cost of USD 650 million a 20,000 barrel per day facility can be established at Thar utilizing coal gas. This will entail foreign exchange savings to the tune of USD 960 M at the prevailing rates.

Energy Manager Training Program for Industry Professionals in collaboration with GIZ and All Pakistan Textiles Mills Association (APTMA) Center for Energy Systems (CES) NUST conducted a three day Energy Manager Training workshop in collaboration with GIZ & APTMA in KPK from 2nd May till 4th May 2013. Dr. Adeel Waqas, Associate Professor CES; Mr. Shahid Hussain Ansari, Assistant Professor CES; Engr. Abdul Rehman, Lecturer CES; Ali Mehmud, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Unified Energy Systems Pvt. Ltd. &Member CAC EnergySector Committee; and Professor Ahmad Sohail College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering (EME) participated in the capacity of trainers on behalf of NUST. The objective of the training was to increase the energy awareness for the textile Sector of Pakistan especially in KPK province and also to conserve and efficiently use energy in the textile Industries.

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CES EVENT NEWS 2013

Energy Management Training Program in Collaboration

with GIZ and APTMA The training course emphasized on the energy conservation and energy efficiency in mechanical, electrical and chemical equipment which are commonly used by the textile Industries. The trainers elaborated the participants about the best practices from theoretical and practical point of view to enhance the energy production capabilities within the textile sector. The importance of ISO 50001 certification, which is related to energy conservation and efficiency, was also highlighted during the training session. The primary take away from the current training was to grab the low hanging fruit and help the textile Industries in reducing their specific energy consumption by implementing waste heat recovery and energy conservation measures in the following regimes: Steam generation/distribution, Cogeneration, Illumination, Economizers, HVAC systems, Transformers, PFI panels, Electric motors, Variable speed drives, Compressors, Pumps, Furnaces, Cooling towers and ISO 50001 standards were all addressed from the energy management view point. APTMA concedes that the subject training has a direct impact on the Industry and so far implemented the same in 40 out of the 374 member Mills with phenomenal success in the energy savingsto the tune of 1.0 MW per Mill, a low hanging fruit whose advantage needs to be extended to other Industries. GIZ expressed their keen interest to sponsor all future energy management workshops and also extend the training to other industrial sectors with Master Trainers from NUST. CES will soon conduct similar training at NUST bringing modern instrumentation and alternate energy resources in its fold for which one hour additional segment has already been prepared for joint offering with NI Instruments USA.

Principal/Dean CES-NUST and NUST Co-chair Energy Sector Delivers Talk at

Command and Staff College Quetta Principal/Dean CES-NUST Dr. Mohammad Bilal Khan delivered a lecture titled "Research Methodology" at the Command and Staff College Quetta on September 10, 2013. A new paradigm in research was introduced comprising Insight, Imagination, Correlation and Reinvent Thinking to supplement the established project sequence namely, Design, Synthesis, Measurement, and Analysis. Relevant examples were sighted from advanced research conducted at NUST to highlight the efficiency of the new paradigm. 464 officers and College Directing Staff including 39 allied officers from 27 different countries attended the talk. Command and Staff College invites eminent personalities as guest speakers to deliver talk on subjects of professional and general import. The talk is followed by a healthy Question/Answer session at the end of the lecture.

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Principal/Dean CES-NUST and NUST Co-chair Energy Sector Delivers Talk on Energy Security at NDU Dr. Mohammad Bilal Khan, Principal & Dean CESNUST represented Dr. Samar Mubarak Mand at the National Defense University to deliver a talk titled "Energy Security and Challenges for Pakistan" on October 21, 2013. Mr. Abid Ali, Secretary Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Resources was the other speaker on the panel. Lack of qualified human resource and integrated energy planning, imbalanced Energy Mix with heavy reliance on imported oil, non-utilization on vast indigenous resources, lack of implementation of viable projects and waste of natural gas in the last 25 years both in no efficiency in power generation and its diversion to the transport sector together with insufficient oil and gas exploration were identified as the main pitfalls. He elaborated the potential of the coal sector which can provide guaranteed long term energy security to Pakistan. It can prove to be a major tool for Import substitution of expensive RFO in future. He emphasized that power and liquid fuel production from UCG can b a game changer for Pakistan. The world average cost of power from UCG is 2-3 cents per unit. For a 100 MW project it is expected to be 4-5 cents per unit. The capital expenditure on a UCG power station inclusive of gasifiers is $ 1.2 per watt, the lowest for any power production plant. Moreover, with 60 gasifiers at a cost of $650 million a 20,000 barrel/day facility can be established at Thar utilizing coal gas in conjunction with the FT Synthesis process. He informed the audience the CES-NUST is commissioning a lab scale FT Synthesis facility funded FFCL. In addition, the fertilizer sector uses 650 MMcft of Sui gas daily. This gas is first converted to UCG and then used to produce fertilizer. Only 25 gasifiers can produce this amount of gas with an outlay of $280 million. Fertilizer factories have already expressed interest in UCG from Thar and are willing to lay a pipeline for it. He further pointed out that Pakistan's wind energy potential also remains virtually untapped. The USAID Renewable Energy Lab, on the basis of a study of wind regimes, estimates this potential to be around 41,000 MW from 21 identified sites in the KT Bandar and Gharo wind corridor. The wind enters from the Arabian Sea, passes 'harmlessly' through the corridor and enters into India on the other side of the border. The Indians are producing 8000 MW using this wind. He appreciated the resolve of the government to set up the 3800 MW Dasu run of the river project, 1300 MW solar field in southern Punjab and 6500 MW Gadani coal power project. The talk concluded with recommendations and action plans in the short, medium and long term. The lecture was attended by 169 officers including 27 officers from 17 allied countries of the NWSC (National Security and War Course) 2013-14. This was followed by a healthy QA session involving both speakers.

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CES EVENT NEWS 2013 Robert D Christie Managing Partner/ COO Fuelade Solutions,

USA Visit to the CES-NUST ober t D Christie Managing Partner/COO Fuelade Solutions, USA visited CES-NUST on 23rd September, 2013. He attended the inaugural session of the World Engineering Congress at CIPS NUST. Subsequently CES faculty members were introduced during the meeting; Principal CES-NUST gave brief presentation about Centre and also discussed ongoing applied research projects under taken by the faculty members. Mr.Robert D Christie appreciated that the vision of the Center justifiably includes both electrification and liquid fuel as part of the energy mix.

During his presentation, he gave brief overview about his company, and also discussed how they successfully launched their product across the globe. He said that Fuelade boosts power, reduces emissions and increases fuel economy of both Diesel and Gasoline Engine Platforms to the tune of 20-30 %. He further said that extensive testing reveals that Fuelade completely burns fuel in the combustion chamber and also cleans injectors, valves, pistons, cylinders walls and improves fuel economy. Mr. Robert D Christie also said the Fuelade can be tested on already running diesel generators on NUST campus, such experiments will also prove the feasibility of the product.

Principal/Dean CES-NUST at

International Conference at Beirut he NI Instruments (USA)-sponsored Arab Day International Conference was held on 16/05/2013 at Beirut Lebanon. The conference themes were (a) Academia-Industry partnerships, (b) Entrepreneurship and innovation, and (c) application of instrumentation across various technology platforms. Distinguished speakers from Italy, Turkey, UAE, Saudi Arabia, India, USA and Pakistan participated. A separate session on Renewable Energy was conducted in the form of Panel Discussion in which Principal CES-NUST Dr. Mohammad Bilal Khan participated as a panelist with other distinguished experts from US, Lebanon, India, UAE and Saudi Arabia. The NUST flag was kept high in this forum.

Prior to the conference NI instruments gave Dr. Bilal and Industry Professor Dr. Qamar Malik, an exclusive briefing on the line of instruments they carry for applications in the Energy Sector. In the light of feedback received from the participants of the Energy Manager Training Program conducted by CES-NUST in KPK recently, NI instruments were apprised about the important role instruments can play in the conservation and management of Energy in industry. NI instruments agreed to prepare and deliver a tutorial segment in the next such program at NUST, free of cost. On this occasion NI instruments shared a branded complimentary copy of their spearhead software LABVIEW, which is now available to CES faculty for their projects. On a final note, the Industry delegate from Saudi Arabia informed that his company was in the process of installing Solar Energy to the tune of GW and there is a demand of 85000 (Eighty Five Thousand) Energy Graduates in the Kingdom over the next five years in the various energy sectors!

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Principal/Dean CES-NUST at 5th Pakistan Oil & Gas Forum 2013

r. Muhammad Bilal Khan, Principal/Dean, Center for Energy System, CES-NUST was invited as panelist on 5th Pakistan OIL & GAS forum 2013 which was organized by SHAMROCK on May 30th, 2013 at the Marriott Islamabad. The main emphasis was on demanding and foreseeing political will to create an integrated Energy Ministry to build, improve and implement on a comprehensive energy policy. Large number of delegates and industry stalwarts from government, regulatory bodies, oil & gas companies, power generation sector and allied organizations, including multiple panels of experts attended the forum. The Federal Secretary of Petroleum, Abid Saeed, highlighted some of the critical issues being faced by oil & gas sector. Mr. Shahid Sattar, Member Energy and Planning Commission of Pakistan stressed the need for implementation of the petroleum policy. The first session was on oil and gas policy, balancing the investment, demand and supply equation. The second session was on diversifying the energy mix, a road map towards sustainable energy solutions which focused on the opportunities that can make a difference in our current and future energy needs of the country. During the panel discussion, Dr. Bilal stressed on the need for considering an Energy Mix in the country that is favorable to the prevailing circumstances. Coal/Biomass for cogeneration, renewables as add-ons, good maintenance protocol for the thermal power plants, in particular operated by WAPDA, and adopt energy conservation measures both in domestic and industry sectors. He apprised the audience that the Energy Centre at NUST had recently conducted an Energy Manger Training Program in collaboration with APTMA and GIZ, which APTMA concedes is saving up to 1 MW per Mill in the textile sector.

Mr. Nicolas Fornage, Country Director of the

French Development Agency visit to CES-NUST r. Nicolas Fornage, Country Director of the French Development Agency (AFD) and Mr. Nauman Bhutta visited Centre for Energy Systems NUST on July 09, 2013 to attend a meeting organized by Principal CES-NUST. The agenda of the meeting was designed to explore the possible projects of public interest for infra-structure development in energy sector. Dr. Ehsan Ali and Dr Z. S. Khan also participated in the meeting from CES-NUST side.

It is pertinent to mention that the AFD has shown their keen interest in providing financial assistance in energy related infrastructure public development projects and support for Ph.D/Postdoc studies for students/faculty members in different Universities of France. To improve the power supply at consumer level, AFD is supporting the development of renewable energies by providing funds to address the current national energy crisis in Pakistan. To reduce the power demand, AFD is also cofinancing with ADB a multi-tranche program on energy efficiency in domestic and industrial sectors. They further said that funds will be available through Economic Affairs Division Pakistan as loan but not as a grant. During the meeting, it was also discussed that CES has submitted some proposals to France through Ministry of Science and Technology Pakistan but did not get any response, Mr. Nicolas Fornage assured faculty members to check the status of those proposals at their end. On this occasion Principal CES made a presentation to apprise the guests of the genesis of the Energy Centre at NUST at some to the applied projects being undertaken in the areas of Renewable Energy and Gas to Liquid processes.

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CES EVENT NEWS 2013

“The Water-Energy-Economic Nexus: An Integrated Modeling Framework for Scenario Analysis”

ES-NUST faculty and students were exposed to "The Water-Energy-Economic Nexus: An Integrated Modeling Framework for Scenario Analysis". Prof. Dr. Sherman Robinson and Arthur Gueneau from International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) explained need to link engineering and economics through different economic models. Prof. Dr. Sherman Robinson is a Senior Research Fellow at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and Professor of Economics (emeritus) at the University of Sussex. He joined the Economics Department at Sussex in 2004 and then accepted a joint appointment at the Institute of Development Studies (IDS) in 2005. He worked at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) from 1993 to 2004 as Director of the Trade and Macroeconomics Division and rejoined IFPRI as a Senior Research Fellow in 2011. Before joining IFPRI, he was: Professor of Agricultural and Resource Economics at the University of California, Berkeley (19831994); Economist, Senior Economist and Division Chief in the Research Department of the World Bank; Assistant Professor of Economics at Princeton University; and Lecturer in Economics at the London School of Economics. He has held visiting seniorstaff appointments at the Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; the U.S. Congressional Budget Office; and the President's Council of Economic Advisers (in the Clinton administration). Mr. Arthur Guenau is from International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), he is a graduate of Écolepolytechnique, France and holding MS in Technology and Policy from MIT USA (2012). Both foreign guests described Computable General Equilibrium

13 CES - CAS NUST

(CGE) Model and its structure and typical features. They also explained regional water-basin management model (RWSM). They stated that combined CGE-W model is applied to Pakistan to analyze the economywide impacts of changes in water resources in the Indus river basin, focusing on water "shocks" such as droughts. The CGE-W model is regionally disaggregated with a number of crops and includes the impacts of water stress on agricultural productivity. The RWSM model applied to Pakistan (RWSM-Pak) is a new water basin simulation model. RWSM-Pak is designed to manage the water system (reservoirs and canal system) under different scenarios of river flows and competing demands (provided by the CGE model). Both models simulate long-run economic growth and changes in water resources, supporting analysis of long-run climate change scenarios. The CGE-W model framework combines the strengths of the component economic and water models, without having to make compromises typical of water models that incorporate simple economics or economic models that include water in a simplified manner. To illustrate the use of the model system, they presented empirical results for four climate change scenarios and analyze the economic benefits of adding Diamer-Basha dam to the system. Dr. Ashfaque Hasan Khan, Principal School of Social Sciences & Humanities (S3H) and Dr. Muhammad Umar Khan Khattak from IGIS-NUST also attended the seminar. At the end, Principal CESNUST Dr. Mohammad Bilal Khan introduced the faculty members to both guests and discussed possibilities of future collaboration of CES-NUST with their institute for research and development in respective field.

CES-NUST Participates in India-Pakistan Dialog on Energy and Climate Change

he sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) and Heinrich Boll Stiftung Pakistan jointly convened the India-Pakistan Dialog on Energy and Climate Change, December 12 & 13, 2013 at Islamabad. The Minister, Water and Power inaugurated the workshop. Dr. Mohammad Bilal Khan Principal and Dean CES-NUST delivered an invited speech in the Session on Renewable Energy for ClimateResilient Development. He said that the newly launched Fifth Assessment Repor t on climate science by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) gives a fifth wakeup call to policy-makers, practitioners and civil society that climate change is an imminent and ominous reality. What is more disturbing is that sea-level rise, glacial melt, temperature rise and extreme weather events are only some of the direct consequences of climate change. The indirect effects will be felt on important sectors which will be perpetually stressed by climate variations. In other words, climate change is expected to impact everything from markets, infrastructure and economy to energy, water, health, food and agriculture. Underscoring the importance of private-public partnership in the Renewable Energy Sector, he stressed that the critical role played by PPIB needs to be further potentiated by creating awareness about the incentives offered by Hydropower for Direct Foreign Investment (DFI). Although PPIB is largely responsible for 27 IPPs Operational with installed capacity of 6,870 MW, however these are mostly thermal and hence expensive. He informed that the Power sector attracted FDI of USD 159 M in 2012 and PPIB is currently processing 40 multiple fuel power projects with capacity of 10,399 MW; 1,800 MW commissioned. At the end he emphasized the huge potential that resides in putting up captive Power Plants in the country. Dr. Shaukat Hameed Khan Ex-VC GIK and Member Planning Commission, Zeenat Niazi and K. Srinivas from India also delivered speeches on Energy Security and Sustainability in Pakistan and Engaging Communities in Renewable Energy, respectively.

CES-NUST EDB (MoPI) Consultative Workshop on Coal Gasification

one-day consultative Workshop was jointly organized on 11th June 2013 at NUST by the Engineering Development Board (EDB), Ministry of Industries and CESNUST. A large number of university researchers, engineers, academicians, scientists and industry representatives attended the Workshop. In his introductory remarks, the Pro-Rector Acad NUST, Dr. Asif Raza emphasized the need for practical measures toward controlling the prevailing energy crisis. He informed that NUST had expertise and resources which he is willing to provide for the sublime cause of resolving the issue of energy crisis. He assured the forum

that with collaborative efforts, the academia and industry, substantiated by government support can devise and means to overcome this menace. CEO EDB, Engr. Qazi Ebadullah Khan informed that EDB had initiated an Industrial Research Program (IRP) to establish the industryacademia linkage. He elaborated the main features of IRP and informed that under IRP, around 1000 scientists and researchers in 308 disciplines from 22 universities have been brought to the common ground. He added that the consultative Workshop on coal is one of the most important initiatives taken in the follow up of the IRP. It was high time to switch to suitable energy resources that are affordable, competitive and above all sustainable. Coal is a suitable source of energy, available in abundance to meet the country's energy demand for more than a century. Prior to this, Principal CES, Dr. Mohammad Bilal Khan in his Welcome Note said thatat present Pakistan is facing serious energy crisis. Severe shortage of electricity and natural gas has adversely affected the industrial and social sectors, crippling the economy in the process. Pakistan is ranked 2nd in coal reserves, but 35th in coal production. Coal occupies 45 % of

the world energy mix, with USA using 50%, India 70%, China 79%, and South Africa 93% coal in the energy mix. While sitting on one of the world's largest reserves, our share of coal in the energy mix is less than 1 %.A way forward is the gasification of coal which is a versatile technology that can provide heat for the furnaces, electricity for captive power and liquid fuel for the commuting, logistics, aviation and marine sectors. It promises indigenous, reliable and less expensive power generation as compared to oil- fired power generation based on imported oil. Representatives from PIAS, Coal Water Slurry Company, Tauwarki Steel Mills, Thar Coal Project, Greshem Eastern (Pvt) Ltd., Clean Coal Gasification Company, International Fabrication Lahore, Trade Serve International, PCRET and State Bank of Pakistan, delivered enlightening talks in the Technical and Industry sessions of the Wokshop. After threadbare discussions, the participants put forward recommendations to materialize the gasification of local coal. A research team comprising EDB and CES-NUST will field concrete technical proposal to HEC for funding the indigenous design and fabrication of an industry prototype to be firled tested and offered to industry at large.

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CES EVENT NEWS 2013

Dr. Khalid Aziz

(Professor Emeritus, Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Stanford University, USA)

Visit to Centre For Energy Systems (CES)

r. Khalid Aziz is primarily affiliated with the Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Stanford University as Professor Emeritus. His focal area of research is the development of robust and reliable models for predicting performance of hydrocarbon reservoirs (including shale oil and gas) and CO2 sequestration. Over the years he has been involved in developing four industrial consortia to deal the problems associated with reservoir simulation (SUPRI-B), advanced wells (SUPRI-HW), data integration (SCRF) &Smart Fields (SFC). He received numerous national and international awards for his valuable contribution in terms of research &development of institutions. He has also received the Lifetime Achievement Award of the Petroleum Society of Canada in 2005. Dr. Khalid Aziz visited the Centre for Energy Systems (CES) on Jan 21, 2013. He enthusiastically shared research ideas with the scientists working at CES. Principal CES presented an overview of the Centre. The faculty members also discussed their research interests and projects in detail. Dr. Ehsan Ali discussed the biofuel project and the project regarding â&#x20AC;&#x153;Algae

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cultivation on barren/Saline lands in Pakistanâ&#x20AC;?, Dr. Aziz was keenly interested in the economic and applied nature of this project. He said that we should focus on this project to address the current challenges to Pakistan like fuel depletion, energy storage & environmental damages. The CES projects like Geothermal Mapping of Gilgit-Baltistan, Solar Thermal Systems in Industry, Biomass Availability & Energy utilization Potential in Pakistan, Fuel Cell Designing & Smart Grid Systems were highly appreciated by him. Moreover, he also visited the Biofuel Park at CES. He appreciated the strong CES-Industry linkage, a vital component of applied research. Later Dr. Khalid was greeted by the Rector on a working lunch and expressed the consent to represent NUST in a forthcoming Intl' Energy Conference at Stanford University. Further to this Dr. Khalid Aziz also visited Centre for innovation and Entrepreneurship(CIE) and Professional development center (PDC) where brief presentation was given by Director Research Dr. Riaz Ahmad at last Dr. Khalid Aziz had a brief visit to Research center for modeling and simulation (RCMS) where he visited supercomputing facility.

Distinguished visitors at CES-CAS NUST

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HISTORY OF PAKISTAN'S ENERGY SECTOR

with the Courtesy of Pakistan Acadamy of Sciences & CAC-NUST

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ENERGY SECTOR FROM 1947 TO 1990 1947: INDEPENDENCE FROM BRITISH INDIA

t independence in 1947, the country inherited only 60 MW generation capacity for its 31.5 million people, and was importing electricity from India.

Hydel generation capacity of only 10.7 MW existed in Pakistani territory, which comprised the 9.6 MW Malakand Power Station in NWFP, and the 1.1 MW Renala Power Station in Punjab. KESC,which was established in 1913 under the Indian Companies Act of 1882,is one of the oldest utilities in the South Asian region. Power generation was being done by the respective Electricity and Irrigation department of each province. There were hardly any known reserves of oil and gas. TheAttock Oil Company (AOq is the pioneer in the oil sector in Pakistan, Its

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oil discovery was. made in 1915, much before the creation of Pakistan, in Khaur, district Attock. The refining operations were started in 1922 at Morgah near Rawalpindi. Some coal was extracted from coal mines at Lakhra, Mianwali etc, which was mainly used by Pakistan Railwaysand the provincial power generating agencies.

THE 1950s Pakistan Oilfields Ltd (POL)was founded in 1950, and is one of the oldest Pakistani exploration and production companies. In June 1950, Pakistan Petroleum Limited (PPL) was incorporated with the Burmah Oil Company(renamed Burmah Castrol), with the GoP as its principal shareholders. PPL is today one of the pioneer exploration and production companies in Pakistan's oil and gas sector.

POL,a subsidiary of the AOC, was incorporated in 1950.

development around the world.

During the 1950s, PPL and POL carried out extensive geological and geophysical surveys and drilled 47 exploratory wells. Asa result, some gas fields were discovered. In 1952, PPL discovered a giant gas field at Sui in Baluchistan. This discovery generated immense interest in exploration in Pakistan, and five major foreign oil companies entered into concession agreements with the Government.

Many countries sought to emulate Pakistan's economic planning strategy and one of them, South Korea, copied Karachi's second "Five-Year Plan", and the World Financial Center in Seoul is designed and modeled after Karachi. That was the level of economic development the country had reached.

In 1952, the GoP acquired a majority shareholding of KESC and it was renamed the Karachi Electric Supply Company Limited. Today, KESCis the only remaining vertically integrated power utility in Pakistan and has exclusive franchise rights to serve Karachi, and its surrounding areas. In 1956, the Atomic Energy Research Centre was established under the Science and Technology Research Division, with an objective to start nuclear power generation in Pakistan.

Creation of WAPDA: Pakistan's energy generation capacity rose to 115 MW by 1958. The Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) was established in February 1958, as a semi-autonomous body, to coordinate and unify the development of schemes in water and power sectors, which were previously being handled by provincial Electricity and Irrigation departments. WAPDA was entrusted with a massive agenda, which included generation, transmission, and distribution of power along with irrigation, water supply, drainage, flood control, etc. WAPDA was successful in generating hydel and thermal electricity. WAPDA established an extensive network of power distribution lines throughout the country. It also constructed big dams such as Mangla & Tarbela, as well as barrages on the Indus river. WAPDA today generates over 6,000 MW of hydel electricity (hydel electricity generated varies between 2,414 MW and 6,761 MW depending upon river flows). Oil and gas exploration activity, after having reached its peak in mid-1950s, declined in the late fifties. Private companies, whose main objective was to earn profits, were not interested in developing the gas resources, especially when infrastructure and demand for gas was non-existent. With exploration .activity at its lowest ebb, several foreign exploration contracting companies terminated their operation and either reduced or relinquished land holdings in 1961.

THE1960s This decade witnessed the development of Pakistan into a progressive country; much of the development took place in the industrial sector which is earning handsome exports revenues even today. During the 1960s, Pakistan was seen asa model of economic

The mega projects of special relevance to building the power sector of Pakistan during this decade include the following:

The Indus Water Treaty Pakistan, being an agricultural country, needs ample supply of irrigation water. Around 80% of Pakistan's agricultural output comes from the Indus Basin. Pakistan has one of the world's largest canal systems built much before Independence by the British. Rivers flow into Pakistan territory from across India. After Independence, problems between the two countries arose over the distribution of water. In 1947, when Punjab was divided between the two countries, many of the canal head-works remained with India. The division of Punjab thus created major problems for impaction in Pakistan. On April 1, 1948, India stopped the supply of water to Pakistan from every canal flowing from India to Pakistan. Pakistan protested and India finally agreed on an interim agreement on May4, 1948. This agreement was not a permanent solution; therefore. Pakistan approached the WB in 1952 to help settle the problem permanently. Negotiations were carried out between the two countries through the offices of the WB. In September 1960, an agreement was signed between India and Pakistan, known as the Indus Water Treaty. This treaty divided the use of rivers and canals between the two countries. Pakistan obtained exclusive rights for the three western rivers, namely Indus, Jehlum and Chenab. And India retained rights to the three eastern rivers, namely Ravi, Beas and Sutlej. The Indus Water Treaty also guaranteed 10 years of uninterrupted water supply, and provided for construction of replacement works called Indus Basin Projects (lBPs), to compensate for perpetual loss of Eastern rivers' water. During this period Pakistan was to build large dams, financed partly by long-term WB loans and compensation money from India. The works proposed under the Treaty included two multi-purpose dams; Mangla Damon River Jhelum and Tarbela Damon River Indus having the provision of power generation. Their capacities were subsequently extended in different phases. Whereas Pakistan had only 10.7 MW of hydropower electricity generation at independence, the implementation of the Indus Water Treaty allowed Pakistan to embark on the construction of

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two giant earthrock dams at Mangla and Tarbela, with 1,000 MW and 3,478 MW installed capacities, in addition to construction of the Warsak dam, and a system of eight link canals. Remodeling of the existing canals was also carried out. Besides, five barrages and a gated siphon were also constructed under this treaty.

Construction of Warsak Dam Construction of the Warsak Dam was financed by the Canadian Government, and was completed under the Colombo Plan in two phases: In 1960, the first phase of the dam was completed, which included construction of the dam, irrigation tunnels, civil works for Phase 2, and four power generating units, each of 40 MW capacity with 132 KV transmission system, at a cost of about RS. 394.98 million. In the second phase, two additional generating units of 41.48 MW capacity each were added in 1980-81, at a cost of about Rs. 106.25 million. The dam is built on river Kabul and is situated 30 km north-west of Peshawar. It has a total generating capacity of nearly 243 MW. Warsak Dam has now completely silted up and there is practically no available storage. Power generation is being achieved according to water inflows in River Kabul like a Runof-the-River project. Lean flow period at Warsak is observed from October to March during which capability reduces to about 100 MW (peak).

Construction of Oil Refineries

(ADB) gave loans and grants, thereby providing the impetus for major development projects. (,3.4.4. OGDC's concerted efforts were very successful as they resulted in a number of major oil and gasdiscoveries between 1968 and 1982.

WAPDA 15MW Quetta Coal Power Plant In 1963, WAPDA, with USAID assistance, set up a coal power plant in Quetta, having two units of 7.5 MW capacity each. This plant used subbituminous coal from the Sore Range mines of Balochistan. The annual coal consumption of the plant was 30,000tonnes. The plant completed its life and WAPDA closed both the units since they were functioning at de-rated capacity. The plant is now under repair and upgrading to enhance the capacity.

Construction of Mangla Dam Mangla Dam is an earth-filled dam constructed on River Jhelum as apart of the Indus Basin Development Plan. Its construction was started in 1962 and completed in 1967. The dam was built by an international consortium, which besides the WB also included Austria, Canada, West Germany, Newzealand, the UK and USA. It is a multipurpose project primarily meant for affecting part replacement of water supplies of three eastern rivers from Jhelum river. It is also designed to conserve and regulate the flood water of River Jhelum for irrigation purpose and power generation.

Pakistan Refinery Limited(PRL) was incorporated in Pakistan as a Public Limited Company in May 1960 and is quoted on the Karachi and Lahore Stock Exchanges. It has a refining capacity of 47,000bbl/d.

MANGLA had an initial storage capacity of 5.88 MAF in 1967, which was reduced to 1.97 MAF in 2005 (34%of the initial). In view of its declining storage, the GoPdecided in 2004 to raise the dam by 30 feet from the existing 1,210 feet level at an approximate cost of Rs. 59 billion.

National Refinery Limited (NRL) was incorporated in August 1963 as a Public Limited Company, under the Ministry Of Industries.

Initially its life was estimated as 120 years; now, with the implementation of watershed management practices in catchment area, its expected life is 170years.

Establishment of the OGDC

Total power generation capacity of Mangla Dam is 1,000 MW.

To revive exploration in the energy sector, which had gone down in the late 19s0s, the GoP signed a long-term loan agreement in March 1961with the USSR, whereby Pakistan received 27 million Rubles to finance equipment and services of Soviet experts for exploration. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Oil and Gas Development Company(OGDC)was created under an Ordinance in September 1961. The Corporation was given the responsibility to undertake systematic exploration of oil and gas in Pakistan. A number of donor agencies such as the WB, Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), and the Asian Development Bank

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The 1970s In 1972, Enar Petrotech Services Private Limited was formed asa division of NRL.In July 1974 the Division was converted into a Private Limited Company. It has a refining capacity of 3,000bbl/d. The pace of electric power infrastructure development gained momentum by the year 1970, and within 5 years the installed capacity rose from 636MW in 1970 to 1,331MW in 1975, with Setting up of a number of hydro and thermal power units.

Nuclear Power Plants In 1964, 1965, and then 1973, reorganization took place in the

Atomic Energy Research Centre, and the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) was incorporated as a statutory body under the Act of Parliament. In 1972 the commission was transferred from the Science and Technology Research Division to the President's Secretariat.

The construction of Tarbela and Mangla Dams made affordable electricity available to the nation; this electricity was being produced from an indigenous source. Pakistan's energy mix at this time was heavily tilted toward hydropower: in 1984 the energy mix was approximately 60% hydel and 40% thermal.

The first nuclear power plant, Karachi Nuclear Power Plant (KANUPPj, with a generation capacity of 137 MW, started in 1971. The pressurized heavy water reactor (PHWR) was supplied by Canada, with safeguards.

In 1978, POLtook over the exploration and production business of the AOC. Since then, POL has been investing independently and in joint ventures with various exploration and Production companies for the search of oil and gas in the country. It is today a leading oil and Gas exploration and production company listed on all the three stock exchanges of Pakistan.

An experimental research reactor PARR路Iat Nilore, Islamabad was also started, and the emphasis in the early years remained on the peaceful use of nuclear energy. Consequently research centers in agriculture, medicine, biotechnology, and other scientific disciplines were set up all over the country. As the emphasis shifted towards concerns for national security, important projects were also initiated in this area. Pak-Arab Refinery Ltd (PARCO),a Joint Venture between the GoP and the Emirate of Abu Dhabi was incorporated asa Public Limited Company in 1974. Government of Pakistan holds 60%ofthe shareholding while 40%of the shares are held by Emirate of Abu Dhabi through its Abu Dhabi Petroleum Investment Company L.L.e. (ADPI), a subsidiary group of International Petroleum Investment Company (IPIC). PARCO today has a refining capacity of 100,000bbl/d.

Construction of Tarbela Dam The construction of the Tarbela Dam, started in 1968, was completed in 1976, at a total cost of Rs. 18.5 billion. It is located on the river Indus 50 miles northwest of Islamabad, and is the world's largest earth and rock-filled dam, which has greatly enhanced the agriculture and industrial potential in the country. The power generation capacity of the Tarbela Dam is 3,478 MW. It has a volume of 106 million cubic meters and are servoir capacity of 11.098 million acre-feet (MAF). The objective of constructing the dam was to transfer the Indus water to Eastern rivers under the Indus Basin Treaty, to irrigate the land previously fed by Eastern rivers, and to produce power for industrial and domestic uses. After Tarbela, WAPDA could not construct any big dam, except for the 1,450 MW Ghazi Barotha Hydro power Project in 2004. The dam's storage capacity, initially at 11.62 MAF (in 1974), reduced to 5.51 MAF in 2005 (i.e. 47%ofinitial capacity) due to silting. At its completion in 1976, the useful life of the dam and reservoir was estimated to be around 50years. However, sedimentation has been much lower than predicted, and it is now estimated that with a useful life span of 85 years, the dam will last to about 2060.

In addition to exploration and production of oil and gas, POL also operates a network of pipelines for transportation of its own as well as other companies' crude oil to Attock Refinery Limited (ARL). ARL was incorporated as a private limited company in November 1978 to take over the business of the AOC relating to refining of crude oil and supplying of refined petroleum products. It was subsequently converted into a public limited company in June 1979 and is listed on the three Stock Exchanges of the country. It has a refining capacity of 42,000 bbl/d.

THE 1980s In the year 1980, the electricity generation capacity touched 3,OOOMW. In the 1980s, Pakistan suffered from intense power shortages, mainly due to the inability of WAPDA to install new power projects to cater to the electricity demand. This led to a severe power crisis in the country, resulting in long hours of loadshedding and huge losses to GoP revenues. This power crisis triggered changes in the power policy in Pakistan, as discussed later. Start of the Hub Power Project With Involvement of the WS: ln 198:5, the GoP, with the help of the WB, developed a longterm energy strategy Which envisaged the involvement of private investors in power generation. The objective was to meet the increasing demand for power in the country, in the most efficient and effective way to achieve the levels of growth the Government had set for the economy. A year later, the development of the oil-based thermal Hub Power Project began. The WB became involved with the sponsors in the development process and set about establishing the support of a number of governments as co-financiers in the Private Sector Energy Development Fund for Pakistan. .An appropriate location was identified in an area near the estuary of the Hub river in district Lasbela, Balochistan, about 40kms north-west of Karachi. The plant was designed to meet

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the WB's environmental requirements.

generation projects. The Energy Wing also prepared short and long term energy sector programs including forecasts of the supply and demand of energy resources in the country.

In 1986, a project was proposed to meet the then energy requirement of the country. It Included the Lakhra Coal Mine and the Lakhra Power Generation Plant. According to the proposal, the coal mine had to be developed and operated by private sector companies while the power plant had to be operated by WAPDA.

Beginning in 1987, Pakistan requested assistance from the WB to increase private sector participation in the energy sector. An initial framework of incentives to attract private investment in the energy sector was put in place in 1988.

The Energy Wing was created in 1988 under the Ministry Of Planning & Development, to undertake the technical, financial and economical appraisal of energy resources and power

In 1988, the GoP, under pressure from the WB, banned the public sector from putting up Thermal power plants, so thermal generation was left exclusively to the private sector.

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Name of Author

Institution

Title of Paer

Description of Journal

List of Research Papers by CES Faculty and Students in Journals S.No

Pakistan Journal of Zoology, ISSN: 0030-9923, Vol. 45(2), Pages 331-337, 2013

ISI Index

Pub Year Indexation Impact Factor 0

2013

CES

ISI Index

2013

ISI Index

CES

2013

ISI Index

Muhammad Ansori Nasution, Zahira Yaakob, Ehsan Ali, Ng Bee Lan and Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah

Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN:02578972, Volume 219, Pages 101-108, 25 March 2013

2013

ISI Index

A Comparative Study Using Aluminum and Iron Electrodes for the Electrocoagulation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent to Reduce its Polluting Nature and Hydrogen Production Simultaneously A new double layer oxidation resistant coating based on Er2SiO5/LaMgAl11O19 deposited on C/SiC composites by atmospheric plasma spraying

2013

ISI Index

6.57

A Bahadar, M Zubair, M B Khan

Binglin Zou, Shunyan Tao, Wenzhi Huang, Zuhair S. Khan, Xizhi Fan, Lijian Gu, Ying Wang, Jiaying Xu, Xiaolong Cai, Hongmei Ma, Xueqiang Cao Ali Bahadar, M Bilal Khan

Adeel Waqas, Zia-ud-Din

R. A. Glen, R. J. Korsch, R. Hegarty, A. Saeed, Y. Poudjom Djomania, R. D. Costelloe and E. Belousov

CES

Geodynamic significance of the boundary between the Thomson Orogen and the Lachlan Orogen, northwestern New South Wales and implications for Tasmanide tectonics

2013

ISI Index

CES

Phase change material (PCM) storage for free cooling Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, of buildings-A review ISSN:1364-0321, Vol.18, Pages 607-625, 2013

2013

Scopes

2.21

CES

Binglin Zou, Zuhair S. Khan, Xizhi Fan, Wenzhi Huang, Lijian Gu, Ying Wang, Jiaying Xu, Shunyan Tao, Kuiyue Yang, Hongmei Ma, Xueqiang Cao Mohammad Zuber, Shazia Tabasum, Rizwan Hussain, Muhammad Bilal Khan, Iftikhar Hussain Bukhari

CES

2013

ISI Index

Ali Bahadar, M. B. Khan, Mehran Taqi

Blends of polyurethane-polymethyl methacrylate/TiO2- Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Print based composites ISSN:0256-1115,Online ISSN:19757220,Volume 30, Issue 8, pp 1652-1658, August 2013 Australian Journal of Earth sciences, ISSN:08120099, Volume:60, Issue:3,Pages 371-412, DOI: 10.1080/08120099.2013.782899, Published: 1 Apr 2013

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Synthesis and characterization of in situ TiCâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;TiB2 Applied Surface Science, ISSN: 0169-4332, composite coatings by reactive plasma spraying on a Volume 264, Pages 879-885, 1 January 2013 magnesium alloy

2013

Progress in energy from microalgae: A review ELSEVIER Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 27, Page No. 128-148 Doi: 10.1016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.06.029 Design, construction and evaluation of solarized airlift Journal of Physics tubular Photobioreactor Conference Series 439 VASSCAA-6, Doi: 10.1088/1742 6596/439/1/012036 Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research P. 2123-2129, Doi: 10.1021 dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie302572dl ind.eng.chem.res.2013, 52, 2123-2129 2013 Design and development of efficient screw press expeller for oil ex-pression from jatropha curcas seeds: a CFD study of expeller for performance analysis

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16 Muhammad Tanveer, Amir Habib, M.B.Khan

15 Muhammad Tanveer, M.B.Khan, Amir Habib

13 Nadeem Iqbal, Sadia Sagar, M.B.Khan, Hafiz M. Rafique

12 Nadeem Iqbal, Sadia Sagar, M.B.Khan, Hafiz M. Rafique

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Reduction of vacuum sublimation by ion beam treatment for e-beam deposited SiC films

Dependence of organic/inorganic photovoltaic device Nano: World Scientific Publishing Company performance of precursor’s concentration used for Vol. 8, No. 3 (2013) 1350033 (7 pages), DOI: electrospun TiO2 nanofibers 10.1142 2013 Infiltration of polymer through the pores of electrospun Current Nano-science nanofibers and performance of TiO2 nanofibers/P3HT Bentham Science Publishers photovoltaic devices Vol: 9 (3), P. No. 351-356 000-000 The inverted double hetero-junction organic International Journal of Soft Computing and Photovoltaic devices using electrospun TiO2 Engineering IJSCE, Volume-2, Issue-6, ISSN: nanofibers 2231-2307 January 2013 VACUUM, Volume 91, May 2013, Pages 24–27. ISSN: 0042-207X

Development of Kevlar supported novel PP membranes: effect of concentration of nucleating agent on the properties and performance

Ablation, thermal stability/transport and mechanical investigations of modified nanokaolinite impregnated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites

Elastomeric Ablative Nano-composites used in Hyperthermal Environments

Aluminum Silicate Fibers Impregnated Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Composites: Ablation, Thermal Transport/Stability, and Mechanical Inspection

Fabrication of Vertically Aligned CNT Composite for Membrane Applications using Chemical Vapor Deposition through In Situ Polymerization

10 Munir Mohammad, M B Khan, Tauqir A. Sherazi, Jose Anguita, Damitha Adikaari

17 Muhammad Tanveer, Amir Habib, M.B. Khan

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14 Nadeem Iqbal, Faisal Iqbal, M.H.K. Tareen, Taimoor A. Khan, Saad Mehfooz, M. Bilal Khan, Tahir Jameel, Nasir M. Ahmad

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Nanomaterials Vol: 2013, Article ID 713583, 5 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/713583 2013 Journal of Applied Polymer Sciences Doi: 10.1002/App.39717 2013

18 Jae-Won Park, Zuhair. S. Khan, Hyung-Jin Kim, Sung-Deok Hong and Yong-Wan Kim

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Synergistic enhancement in mechanical and ballistic Journal of Plastic, Rubber and Composites: properties of HTPB based energetic polymer Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining composites prc3146.3d, Vol 000, No 000 DOI: 10.1179/1743289813Y (2013) Phase change material (PCM) storage for free cooling Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 18, of buildings—A review 607–625

11 Nadeem Iqbal, Sadia Sagar, M Bilal Khan, M Ismail Bassyouni, Zaffar M Khan

19 Z. Mehmood, M. B. Khan

CES

Polymer Engineering and Science DOI. 10.1002/Pen. 23573 2013. Journal of Composite Materials P: 1-11 DOI: 10.1177/0021998313484948 2013 Journal of Applied Polymer Science Doi: 10.1002/APP.39363 2013

20 Adeel Waqas; Zia ud din

2013

ISI Index

6.57

0.631

1.53

1.00

1.36

1.11

1.29

0.94

1.24

1.29

1.55

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Total Cost