AGRIMA GARG 1632781004
PROJECT DEATILS
NAME - PANJAB UNIVERSITY LOCATION- SECTOR 14, 25 CHANDIGARH. AREA- 550 ACRES. ARCHITECT - PIERRE JEANNERET under the guidance of Le Corbusier ORIGINATED - 1882 ESTABLISHED - 1947
INTRODUCTION o It is a public collegiate university located in Chandigarh, India. It originated in 1882 in Lahore, Pakistan, but was relocated in 1947 in Chandigarh, making it one of the oldest universities in India. o A beautiful red sandstone campus was designed for the Panjab University by Pierre Jeanneret under the general guidance of Le Corbusier. o The university has 75 teaching and research departments and 15 departments at the main campus located at Chandigarh. It has 190 affiliated colleges spread over the eight districts of Punjab state and union territory of Chandigarh, with regional centres at Muktsar, Ludhiana, and Hoshiarpur cities in Punjab state.
ZONING
CONNECTIVITY
FROM CHANDIGARH RAILWAY STATION - 9.4kms FROM BUS TERMINAL - 4.2 KMS
ABOUT THE CAMPUS Signifying the spirit of modern intellect, the Panjab University ushered in the dawn of a new future. Its chequerboard master plan, a brain child of swiss French architect Pierre Jeannert, was a pace setter and the role model for campus design in India. The main campus at Chandigarh is spread over 550acres in the sector14,25 the teaching area is the NORTH-EAST, with the central library, fine arts museum and three winged structure of the Gandhi Bhawan forming its core. The sports complex, the health center, and the shopping center in the middle, 16 university hostel and the residential area in the SOUTH-EAST. The teaching departments, students hostels, faculty residents and other amenities are all with in walking distance of one another.
Academic staff Students Undergraduates Postgraduates Doctoral students
997 18,409 9,932 5,972 2,505
FACILITIES As a self sustaining township, the campus has infrastructural facilities like: o SBI & Post office o Shopping Centre o Health Centre o Swimming Pool & Gymnasium o Sports Grounds & Open Air Theatre o Botanical Gardens & well maintained parks o Guest Houses & Faculty House o Seminar Complexes o Alumni House o Community Center o Staff Club o School and a Day Center for the employees children o 8 hostels for boys, 9 hostels for girls o Working Women Hostel and 2 sports hostels.
LANDMARK BUILDINGS
A cluster of prominent buildings like the Gandhi Bhawan, the Fine Arts Museum, the University Library and the Student Centre form the hub of social interaction. o The three-winged structure of the Gandhi Bhawan, considered the pride of the University, is its most artistic building. o The Fine Arts Museum, with its series of small galleries arranged around a courtyard, each gallery having a hyperbolic paraboloid roof (umbrella shaped), is not only an architectural but a structural marvel as well. o The University Library, another key building is an RCC framed structure with red sandstone veneers. o The Student Centre, with its circular base and a ramp pulsating around its cylindrical body, is another landmark building.
INSTITUTIONAL RESIDENTIAL
RECREATIONAL
SPORTS
CASE STUDY
PUNJAB UNIVERSITY
SITE PLAN
CIRCULATION MAP
NO. OF ENTRANCES IN THE UNIVERSITY - 3
1 SEPARATE ENTRY IS PROVIDED FOR THE ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCK. 1 SEPARATE ENTRY IS PROVIDED FOR RESIDENTIAL ZONE. 1 SEPARATE ENTRY IS PROVIDED FOR INSTITUTIONAL ZONE.
CASE STUDY
PUNJAB UNIVERSITY
STUDENT CENTRE The student centre is the major landmark of the city of Chandigarh was inaugurated in 1975. It houses the office of university students council. Following the Punjabi spirit of eat and make merry there is a cafeteria which a scenic panoramic view on the top floor of the centre and the larger number of eateries that are frequented by students as well as tourists visiting Chandigarh. The centre was built with the idea of providing to students a place of recreation.
ABOUT THE BUILDING- The three storeyed building still stands tall even though a range of small shops have opened in the area in the past few years. The student centre building itself houses an old coffee house, recreation room, offices of the students council and the dean-students welfare and a couple of eateries. The adjoining shops serves all kind of street food and drinks. The structure is circular in shape. A ramp is constructed at the sides of building to go to upper floors. The columns built are rectangular. Inside the building the beams meet and form a triangular shape. The building has a unique shape from all the buildings. This building is most liked by all the people as this building is just made for the students.
P.N MEHRA BOTANICAL GARDEN The botany department in the Panjab University have established a botanical garden in Chandigarh and named it after their founder Mr. P N Mehra. Spread over 16 acres of land. There are many sections in this garden such as water garden, cactus-house, fernHouse, orchid-House, two green houses, one glass house, tropical plant house etc. Special attractions in the garden for the visitors are the Arboretum with nearly 225 species of trees.
GANDHI BHAWAN THE GANDHI BHAWAN is a major landmark of the Chandigarh, india and a centre dedicated to study of words and works of Mohandas.k.Gandhi. ABOUT THE BUILDING- It is an auditorium hall that sits in a middle of pond of water. A mural by the architect greets visitors at the entry. The words truth is God are written at the entrance. Today it also houses a substantial collection of books on Gandhi. It is the most distinctive and well-known landmark of Punjab. University is the Gandhi Bhawan building which is lotus shaped, appearing as if floating in a pool of water. Gandhi bhawan forms the focal point on the main NorthEast to South-West axis and is of major architectural importance.
LAKE AROUND STUDENT CENTRE
CASE STUDY
PUNJAB UNIVERSITY
DR. BHIM RAO AMBEDKAR DEPARTMENT OF LAWS ABOUT THE BUILDING- This is the two stoeyed building. The structure is column beam structure. There were total two blocks of law department. The size of block1 is approx 120ftX 50ft. The building is covered with the red sandstone. the entrance of the building there is a plinth of about 1.5ft. At the left side of the building there is a parking. The height of each floor is about 10ft. The total approximate height of building is34ft.it has a facing on the east side. DAYLIGHT-In an institution daylight plays an important factor. There were windows made in each classroom which allows to enter a proper amount of light and helps for ventilation in building. In the toilets ventilators were provided. PARKING- parking is the most important thing. Now a days peopletravel through their private vehicle and for keeping their vehicle there should be a proper space provided. Parking was on the left side of department. A 90* angle was made for vehicle.
UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF HOTEL AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT This institute is located near the faculty guest house. It has a front facing towards the north east side. This building is made in the 2 units. First unit structure is G+3 and 2nd unit structure is G+1. The building is elevated in the modern style of the architecture. It is made different from the other building constructed in university. On the front side of building glass is used at the corner. ABOUT THE BUILDING- The first unit of building include the administrative areas, classrooms, an assembly hall, toilets, drinking water areas, labs, corridors, etc. at the entrance there is a reception at the right side. There is a corridor which is 10 ft wide. There were few classrooms at the ground floor. This an institute for tourism and hotel management. These both are the different from each other. in the 1st unit there is no lab for hotel management students. Labs are made different for hotel management students. Classrooms are rectangular in shape. Flooring was done with the marble. Doors and windows were made of Aluminum. Height of each floor is 11 ft. There is a meeting hall in the building in which the conferences are held. In the second unit labs are made for the hotel management students. PARKING- parking facility was provided at the side of the building.
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTERS These all the departments are interconnected with each other with the corridors. These buildings have almost same structure. These departments are situated at the back of the student centre. These buildings have the same plan and are placed very close to each other. The DEPARTMENT OF THE PHYSICS is the G+2 structure. In this building circular columns are constructed at the outer sides of the building. At the entrance of the building there is corridor. The corridor is 10 ft wide. Corridor is then constructed and the rooms are made at the sides of it. Washrooms are made at the left side of the corridor. At the ground floor there are some labs, HODs offices, administrative area. The classrooms are constructed circular in shape. Circular shape gives a angle of 360*. Staircase is provided at the left side of the building. There is no lift constructed in this building. The building has a very big length. The length of the building will be approximate 150 ft-200ft.in this building there are many lecture halls and labs. Labs are constructed rectangular in shape. The building have its meeting hall at the 2nd floor. Some of the office rooms are made at the 2nd floor.
UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL University business school is also known as the ARTS BLOCK 3. University business school (formerly, Department of commerce and business management) has consistently been among the top business school of India. ABOUT THE BUILDING- The building is rectangular in shape. The building has G+2 structure. This structure is column beam structure. The columns are made at the span at the 10ft. At the side there is a ramp constructed for the entrance. The height of building is approximate 34ft. The height of each floor is 10ft. the structure was made on the human proportions WINDOWS AND DAYLIGHT- windows were made in the every room. Daylight is a very important factor considered in the building. In the toilets ventilators were also provided. Ducts were also provided inside the building. Every room was getting sufficient amount of the daylight. Artificial sources of light were also installed in the building. PARKING- parking was made at the right side of the building. Two wheeler parking is made at a side of front side of building. There was a different parking for the two wheelers and different for the four wheeler.
DEPARTMENT OF ART HISTORY AND VISUAL ARTS
This department is opposite to the Gandhi Bhawan. This department is smaller from the other departments. This department offers only an post graduation degree. ABOUT THE BUILDING- It is a single storey structure. it has a plinth of 6in. At the entrance there is a corridor. Then there are some rooms. There are some studio halls, an administrative area, toilets, office areas, reception etc. the width of corridor is 8ft. Studio halls were rectangular in size. Building is made cast in concrete. green areas are at the sides of the building ,green area was provided to work.
CASE STUDY
PUNJAB UNIVERSITY
ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCK Another building of great significance in the university campus is the Adminstrative Block. It occupies the most dominant position on the campus and attract the attention of visitors and attracts the attention of visitors. It is located close to the teaching departments as well as the residential quarters.
ABOUT BUILDING- The building is constructed in exposed reinforced concrete. It consists of a basement and five floors. Each floor projects over the floor below, thus protecting the glazing from unruly weather. In order to meet the peak hours rush, separate entrances has been provided for the university staff, visitors as well as the movement of goods. The front faade which a rectangular pool is distinguish by a gracefully arched concrete canopy which makes the entrance, inviting and remarkably striking in its architectural statement. The surroundings of the building have been beautiful landscaped by a plantation of trees and flowering plants.
A.C. JOSHI LIBRARY It is a modular and functional style to fulfill a purpose of a planned library while all the reading areas face the north, the staff area is on the south side, with the stack areas in between. ABOUT BUILDING- At the entrance of A.C. JOSHI Library there is a extended cantilevered projection of about 10ft and after moving front there is a plinth of 6in. At the sides there is a balcony of about 10 ft to 12 ft [appx] surrounded with the columns. The columns constructed are rectangular. After the corridor there is a entrance gate. The building has G+4 structure. The building is made on human proportions. The two main reading halls facing shivalik hills afford a panaromic view of the natural surroundings. Has a sitting accommodation for 500 readers. DAYLIGHTIn a library daylight is a very important factor. The area of corridor at 3rd floor have a construction of the ducts at top which helps to enter natural light inside the building. On the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th floor windows are made on the all sides for the natural light . on the ground floor luvers are provided for breaking down the direct sunlight.
AUDITORIUM An different building is constructed for the auditorium. In the auditorium different ceremonies are held. The auditorium is semi circular in shape. The height of auditorium is about 15ft. The front stage has a plinth of 1ft-6in. There are approx 320 seats in the auditorium. Acoustics are provided at the walls for the sound proofing.
FINE ARTS MUSEUM The museum of fine arts houses the early works of almost all of the major artists of modern india. The collection was created through the initiative of the art historian B.N. Goswamy. Originally the building was supposed to be house of rich collection of archeological artefacts that had been discovered by the department of ancient Indian history, culture and archeology. Today the museum of AIHC&A is housed in a modern annexe adjacent to the fine arts museum. This is a single storeyed structure.
CASE STUDY
PUNJAB UNIVERSITY
PROJECT DEATILS
NAME - YALE UNIVERSITY LOCATION- NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, U.S. AREA- 1015 ACRES. ARCHITECTS - J. CLEAVELAND CADY, PETER B. WIGHT, SIDNEY MASON STONE. ESTABLISHED - 1701
ABOUT THE CAMPUS YALE UNIVERSITY SPREADS OVER 1015 ACRES LAND. THE LAND COMPRISES OF CENTRAL CAMPUS, MEDICAL CAMPUS, UPPER PROSPECT, SCIENCE HILL, HILL HOUSE , SCIENCE PARKS, WEST CAMPUS AND ATHLETIC FIELDS.
Academic staff Students Undergraduates Postgraduates
4,410 13,609 (Fall 2019) 6,092 (Fall 2019) 7,517 (Fall 2019
• • • • •
350 UNIVERSITY BUILDINGS 200 YEAR OLD STRUCTURES 51,871 PEOPLE ON CAMPUS EVRYDAY 15 MILLION LIBRARY HOLDINGS 100 DEPARTMENTS AND PROGRAMMES
CONNECTIVITY
NEW HAVEN RAILROAD STATION - 1.9 kms TWEED NEW HAVEN AIRPORT - 8.2 kms CT TRANSIT BUS STOP 3.2 Kms
INTRODUCTION YALE UNIVERSITY IS A PRIVATE IVY LEAGUE RESEARCH UNIVERSITY IN NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT. FOUNDED IN 1701 AS THE COLLEGIATE SCHOOL, IT IS THE THIRD-OLDEST INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES AND ONE OF THE NINE COLONIAL COLLEGES CHARTERED BEFORE THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. IT IS A PRIVATE UNIVERSITY. YALE IS ORGANIZED INTO FOURTEEN CONSTITUENT SCHOOLS: THE ORIGINAL UNDERGRADUATE COLLEGE, THE YALE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES AND TWELVE PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS.
UPPER PROSPECT AND SCIENCE PARK
SCIENCE HALL HILLHOUSE CENTRAL CAMPUS MEDICAL CAMPUS ATHLETIC FIELDS WEST CAMPUS
CASE STUDY YALE UNIVERSITY
SITE PLAN • UPPER PROSPECT • SCIENCE HILL 70 ACRES • HILL HOUSE
SITE PLAN • CENTRAL CAMPUS 260 ACRES
SITE PLAN • MEDICAL CAMPUS
SITE PLAN • ATHLETIC FIELDS
SITE PLAN • WEST CAMPUS 136 ACRES
CASE STUDY YALE UNIVERSITY
PUBLIC PARKING
INSTITUTIONAL ZONE
INSTITUTIONAL
RESIDENTIAL
RECREATIONAL
SPORTS
• SCHOOLS • LECTURE HALLS
RESIDENTIAL ZONE • GRADUATE HOUSING • 14 UNDERGRADUATE HOUSING
RECREATIONAL ZONE • • • •
COLLECTIONS LIBRARY MUSEUMS THEATRE/ CONCERT HALL
CASE STUDY YALE UNIVERSITY
LAWRANCE HALL ARCHITECT: RUSSELL STURGIS, JR. Between 1869 and 1876, russell sturgis completed the troika of durfee hall, battell chapel, and farnam hall at the corner of college and elm streets. It was fitting, then, that sturgis was again tapped for lawrance hall, completed in 1886 and adjacent to farnam on college street. The layout of lawrance is almost indistinguishable from those of durfee and farnam, with their brick faades evoking the red-hued old brick row buildings that they replaced. It is, however, the towers and turrets of lawrance college street front that are most memorable.
CONNECTICUT HALL ARCHITECT: PRESIDENT THOMAS CLAP The only surviving building from the old brick row, connecticut hall is the oldest building on yale s campus. the dormitory that clap built provided much-needed housing for yale, and its construction marked the beginning of the entryway system at yale. Ultimately transformed from a dormitory into a meeting hall and office space, connecticut hall was given a neighbor in 1925, mcclellan hall, which is so architecturally dependent on its twin that students have been known to cry out, for god, for country and for symmetry.
DAVENPORT COLLEGE ARCHITECT: JAMES GAMBLE ROGERS, Davenport College sits on a location that called on James Gamble Rogers both to protect the aesthetic he established with the Memorial Quadrangle and to establish a new and distinct design across York Street. Indeed, while Davenport s Gothic front seems almost entirely in unison with the fine stonework of the Memorial Quadrangle, the College seems far different once inside its gates. Here, the Georgian style takes over and one is reminded not of Branford or Saybrook College, but rather of the red brick of Yales 18th century past.
BRANFORD AND SAYBROOK COLLEGES
STREET HALL
ARCHITECT: PETER B. WIGHT When an upcoming renovation of the building is complete, though, visitors will be able to enter it from yet another side , the Yale University Art Gallery across High Street. The Art Gallery will expand across the bridge over High Street into Street Hall, filling the space left open after the History of Art Department moved to the Loria Center in 2008. The exterior of Street Hall will remain the same, though, with its restless, asymmetrical massing and its mix of dark and light stones.
ARCHITECT: JAMES GAMBLE ROGERS , GATE BY SAMUEL YELLIN Today housing students in branford and saybrook colleges in a gothic residential complex with six variously proportioned courts that provide a sense of intimacy and grandeur in the shadows of the 216-foottall harkness tower and behind samuel yelling s masterful iron gate.
DWIGHT HALL ( OLD LIBRARY) ARCHITECT: HENRY AUSTIN he designed a brownstone-clad library that was converted into Dwight Hall in 1930. Austin s was the first building on campus designed in the Gothic Revival tradition, marking a significant departure from the Old Brick Row of the 18th century, and thereby setting the principal direction of campus architecture to this day.
STERLING MEMORIAL LIBRARY ARCHITECT: JAMES GAMBLE ROGERS Located at the heart of todays Central Campus, the Sterling Memorial Library is Yale s most prominent and perhaps grandest building. Various special reading rooms are arranged to either side, including the Starr Main Reference Room and the Irving S. Gilmore Music Library, added in 1998. In the final realization it is Gamble Rogers s hand clearly at work, revealing in the building s details his superb wit. Indeed, as a carving on the Library s Wall Street faade exhorts in Latin, Sterling is a place to make haste slowly.
CASE STUDY YALE UNIVERSITY
RUDOLPH HALL AND LORIA CENTRE
ARCHITECT: PAUL RUDOLPH, RESTORATION BY CHARLES GWATHMEY Art & Architecture Building is called Brutalist with good reason, But it is also an intensely lyrical building that fittingly completes the march of art buildings on Chapel Street. Its vast, open spaces scattered among 37 levels on nine floors were intended to encourage interaction among students of art and architecture who might otherwise remain cloistered from one other. With the completion in 2000 of Holcombe T. Green Hall to house the School of Art, Rudolph Hall is the exclusive home of the School of Architecture. Rudolph Hall has had a difficult past: It suffered an unexplained fire 1969, and was not treated well for much of its subsequent history until the just-completed renovation by Charles Gwathmey that has restored the building to glory.
The 114,000 sqf Brutalist building, which is constructed of cast-in-place concrete, has a total of 37 different levels on nine floors, two below grade, and is a cornerstone of Yale s vibrant arts campus. The architects designed the project to qualify for a LEED Silver rating. The new 87,000 sqf Jeffrey H. Loria Center for the History of Art, while an addition, is designed to present its own iconic presence in the overall composition. Its main volume is clad in limestone and zinc panels, with the intersections to the Rudolph Building rendered in glass and aluminum panels, thus reinforcing both the integration and articulation of the two structures.
YALE ART GALLERY ARCHITECT: LOUIS I. KAHN The building is constructed of brick, concrete, glass and steel became a significant departure from neo-gothic style. From the street, the building is perceived as a facade of brick, windowless, monolithic, is the southwest facade. It was the extension of an existing building in an empty corner is connected with the old building through the alignment of facades. The glass front entrance and make a style utterly opposed to the existing architecture. It is in the walls facing the northeast and northwest where several pieces are rectangular glass curtain wall. Its tetrahedral concrete ceiling and precisely geometric stairway are signature elements of the design as are the north- and west-facing glass faades. CONCEPT With the Yale Art Gallery, Louis Kahn sets new concepts such as symmetry, clear separation between space and space used server and a new vocabulary based on the triangle and the circle. The triangle as a figure appears on the stairs and as structural concept in the construction forged rosettes. SPACES It was conceived as a unique, modular, consisting of two prismatic, two rectangles of 4325 meters the highest. Two areas served by a central core where there are facilities, elevators and stairs, spaces servants. The exhibition rooms are created using modular panels that subdivide the space.
.
CASE STUDY YALE UNIVERSITY
BEINECKE RARE BOOK AND MANUSCRIPT LIBRARY ARCHITECTS -SKIDMORE, OWINGS AND MERRILL GORDON BUNSHAFT
The Beinecke is a building that has grown on Yale. At first decried by many as bombastic, it now has a strangely quiet presence in the midst of the vast granitepaved expanse of its plaza, punctuated by a sunken courtyard with sculpture by Isamu Noguchi. Inside, there is no doubt that this is a building that whispers. The Vermontmarble panels filter sunlight so that the Beinecke is dim at all hours; its books are housed in a six-story glass box around which a second-floor hall exhibits treasures from the collection.
MALONE CENTRE ARCHITECT :CESAR PELLI Gazing north from the fourth floor of Malone Center, the view is seemingly endless. Four stories provide all the height one needs in New Haven: The sights range from East Rock to West Rock, from Ingalls Rink to the Kline Biology Tower, from the Yale of today to the Yale of tomorrow. The design is both sustainable (it earned LEED-gold certification) and social, encouraging interaction among scientists. The Malone Center s combination of a boldly curved glass faade along its Farmington Canal front and a stone faade along Prospect Street recalls the whimsically two-sided Davenport College.
PAYNE WHITNEY GYMNASIUM ARCHITECT: JOHN RUSSELL POPE John Russell Pope had bold plans for Yale , his 1919 master plan called for a consistent Gothic aesthetic on campus and the creation of axes and vistas to unify what was at the time a haphazard collection of buildings. Although his vision was never realized in full, the Cross Campus of today is essentially Pope s brainchild; interestingly, had Pope had his way, the Cross Campus would have been home to a large gymnasium. Instead, under the watch of James Gamble Rogers, the Payne Whitney Gymnasium was placed at the edge of the Central Campus, although the commission went to Pope. His building, jokingly referred to as the Cathedral of Sweat, is almost spiritually Gothic, and its 240-foot-tall tower rising from a broad base is certainly large enough to house all the athletic activities one could imagine. YALE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE ARCHITECT : FRANK O. GEHRY The Yale Psychiatric Institute, Frank Gehry s only design at Yale, was realized on a very tight budget and awkward site. The complex, now known as the Yale-New Haven Psychiatric Hospital, gives off the impression of a village of small buildings grouped around a courtyard. While the Institute s windows are square and plain, the buildings themselves are a study in geometry and materiality. A copper arc tops the complex, covering a gym; brick and stucco finishes cover wings that jut out at irregular angles. Designed to meet the needs of 66 adolescent patients.
KLINE BIOLOGY TOWER ARCHITECT : PHILIP JOHNSON The Kline Biology Tower, Yale s tallest building, sits at the top of Science Hill. At 14 stories, the tower may be too tall, but the design is masterful in its aesthetic connection with buildings centuries older on campus. Indeed, the handling of the brick and brownstone of Kline ties it , in color and, to some extent, in shape, to Sturgis s work on the Old Campus and other surrounding structures. Johnson was also responsible for the Kline Geology Building and the extension to the Chemistry Building, weaving these together with earlier buildings to define one of Yale s most masterful courtyards.
STERLING DIVINITY QUADRANGLE ARCHITECTS :DELANO & ALDRICH ,RESTORATION AND RENOVATION BY KLIMENT & HALSBAND The Sterling Divinity Quadrangle, sitting at the extreme northern end of campus and commanding a high site on Prospect Street. employing a red-brick Georgian style for buildings around a large lawn. Threatened with demolition in the 1990s, the quadrangle was renovated in 2003.
CASE STUDY YALE UNIVERSITY
INGALLS RINK ARCHITECT : EERO SAARINEN ,RENOVATION BY KEVIN ROCHE Whether you think it looks like a Viking ship, a turtle, or a whale, the Ingalls Rink is without a doubt one of Yales most important examples of post-war modernist architecture. While the average hockey rink is more of a shed than anything else, this rink s swooping roof seems to echo the movement of skaters, while providing seats for 3,000 spectators in a remarkably intimate setting. Of course, Ingalls is an oddly located building, and does not make much of an attempt to fit in with its residential and academic neighbors.
KROON HALL
272 ELM STREET
ARCHITECT : HOPKINS ARCHITECTS School of forestry and enviroenmental studies of 68800 sqm area. A modernist blend of a cathedral nave and a connecticut barn, the building is long and thin, sited to admit heat from above and below ground, daylight, and air as well as to create outdoor spaces for practical and aesthetic purposes. Ohio sandstone exterior walls connect kroon to similarly clad colleagues on the main campus, while the fir louvers on either glass end of the building announce a new and practical aesthetic.
272 Elm Street is a recently built dormitory with airconditioning throughout. The building offers two-bedroom units, housing 82 students. Students from the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences are given priority to live in this community. There will be two different unit styles, large and extra-large. Each unit will have a small kitchen, bathroom, and two bedrooms (to be shared by two graduate students). In the extra-large units, there will be a larger common space in the room.
CASE STUDY YALE UNIVERSITY
PARAMETERS
PANJAB UNIVERSITY
YALE UNIVERSITY
INFERENCES
SITE AREA
550 ACRES
1015 ACRES
ORIENTATION
NORTH WEST AND NORTH EAST ORIENTED
THE CAMPUS’ ARE ORIENTED TOWARDS NORTHERN STRETCH.
CAMPUS SHOULD BE EAST – WEST ORIENTED TO GET DIFFUSED NORTH LIGHT IN SUMMERS AND LOW ANGLED RAYS IN WINTERS.
DISTRIBUTION
BUILDING ARE PLACED ON EAST – WEST AXIS.
BUILDINGS PLACES ON NORTH-SOUTH AXIS
EAST – WEST AXIS SHOULD BE SUITABLE BECAUSE OF THE COMPOSITE CLIMATE OF THE PROPOSED SITE.
ARCHITECTURE STYLE
MODERN ARCHITECTURE
GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE, BRUTALIST ARCHITECTURE, MODERN ARCHITECTURE
ZONING AND PLANNING
RESIDENTIAL ZONES AND INSTITUTIONAL ZONES ARE NOT DIRECTLY CONNECTED. SPORTS AND RECREATIONAL ZONES AREA PROVIDED IN SUCH A WAY THAT THEY ARE DIRECTLY CONNECTED FROM RESIDENTIAL ZONE AS WELL AS INSTITUTIONAL ZONE.
RESIDENTIAL ZONE IS DIRECTLY CONNECTED FROM ZONING SHOULD BE SUCH THAT RECREATIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ZONE. SPORTS IS NOT CLOSELY SPORTS ZONE IS CENTRALISED, THUS SEPERATING CONNECTED WITH THE CAMPUS’ .RECREATIONAL RESIDENTIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ZONE. ZONES ARE EASILY ACCESSIBLE FROM RESIDENTIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ZONES.
PARKING
SURFACE
SURFACE AND MULTI LEVEL
MULTI LEVEL AND BASEMENT PARKING
OPEN SPACES
ADJACENT LAWNS ARE CREATED. OPEN GARDENS ALSO CREATED BETWEEN INSTITUTIONAL BUILDINGS.
ADJACENT AS WELL AS CENTRALISED LAWNS CREATED.
UNIFORM ARRANGEMENT OF OPEN SPACES THROUGHOUT THE CAMPUS.
STRUCTURE
>50 YEARS OLD STRUCTRES COLUMN BEAM STRUCTURE WITH STONE CLADDING , EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT
<200 YEARS OLD STRUCTURES FLYING BUTTRESS, HIGH BUILDINGS. RCC TRUCTURES
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM DEPENDS UPON THE REQUIREMENT OF SPACE.
FACADES
STONE CLADDINGS, BRICK JALIS ARE CREATED
STAINED WINDOWS, STONE CLADDINGS , GLASS FACADES
DESIGNED IN SUCH A WAY THAT PASSIVE ENERGY IS STIMULATED IN BUILDING.
CONNECTIVITY
THE SPACES ARE CONNECTED WITH STREETS COMFORTABLE ENOUGH FOR COMFORTABLE PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT.
THE SPACES ARE PROVIDED WITH BICYCLE TRACKS TO CREATE SAFER ROADS. VEHICULAR MOVEMENT IS RESTRICTED WITHIN CAMPUS.
RESTRICTED VEHICULAR MOVEMENT AND PROVIDING BICYCLE TRACKS TO CREATE SAFER ROADS AND COMFORTABLE PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT.
SUSTAINABILITY FACTORS
USE OF LOCAL MATERIALS, GARDEN LANDSCAPE
USE OF LOW VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPUNDS, SUFFICIENT NATURAL LIGHT, ENERGY EFFICIENT
INSTALLATION OF SUSTAINABLE FEATURES SHOULD BE ACCORDING TO BUILDING AND CLIMATE REQUIREMENT AND THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY NEEDED.
MASSING & VOIDS
MASSING IS COMPACT AND SYMMETRICAL ,GRID PLANNING WAS PRACTICED.
VOIDS ARE IN SMALL POCKETS LOCATED CENTRALLY AS WELL AS BETWEEN BUILDINGS.
MASSING SHOULD PROVIDE GOOD VENTILATION AND DIFFUSED LIGHT IN CAMPUS.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
WATER REQUIREMENT AND RATE OF WATER FLOW
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN MULTI-STORIED BUILDING
WATER SUPPLY GUIDELINES ▪ Waste water reclamation-treated sewage water or other waste water of community may be utilized for nondomestic purpose only such as flushing water, landscape irrigation, and HVAC system. ▪ Storage of water- water may be stored in OHT or UGT. Tanks should be made from R.C.C, brick masonry, mild steel, stainless steel, plastic or glass reinforced panel. Tank should be provided with manhole, ladder, vent pipe, scour pipe, top slab of tank should be sloped away from center for rainwater collection and tanks above ground floor should be supported by adequate structural members. Each tank shall be provided with the following: a. Manholes: adequate number of manholes for access and repair. Manhole shall be provided with locking arrangements to avoid misuse and tampering. b. Ladders: tanks higher than 900mm deep shall be provided with corrosion resistant ladders according to the depth to enable a person to reach the bottom of the tank. c. Overflow pipe: each tank shall be provided with an overflow pipe terminating above the ground/ terrace level to act as a warning pipe to indicate overflow conditions. d. Vent pipe: tanks larger than 5000 litre capacity shall be provided with vent pipes to prevent development pressure in the tank which may result in no flow condition or inward collapse of tank. e. Scour pipe: each tank shall be provided with a scour pipe with an accessible valve for emptying the tank. f. Connection of overflow and scour pipe: under no circumstances tank overflow and scour pipe shall be connected to any drain, gully trap or manhole to prevent back flow and contamination of the water. g. The top slab of the tank shall be suitably sloped away from its centre for proper drainage of the rainwater. h. Tanks on terraces and above ground shall be supported by appropriate structural members so as to transfer the load of the tank and the water directly on the structural members of the building.
TYPE OF BUILDING EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ▪ WITHOUT BOARDING FACILITIES ▪ WITH BOARDING FACILITIES HOSTELS
DRAINAGE & SANITATION PIPE SYSTEMS
SINGLE STACK SYSTEM ▪ The piping system in which there is no trap ventilation and the stack itself acts as vent through roof. ONE PIPE-PARTIALLY VENTILATED SYSTEM ▪ The piping system in which soil and waste pipe are connected to a single vertical stack with additional vent pipe for ventilation of traps of water closets. ONE PIPE-FULLY VENTILATED SYSTEM ▪ The piping system in which the waste pipes from sinks, baths and wash basins and the soil pipe from water closet are connected to a single vertical stack.
FLUSHING PER DAY
TOTAL CONSUMPTION PER DAY
25L PER HEAD
20L PER HEAD
45L PER HEAD
90L PER HEAD
45L PER HEAD
135L PER HEAD
90L PER HEAD
45L PER HEAD
135L PER HEAD
REQUIREMENT OF WATER S.N O.
FIXTURES
RATE OF COLD WATER FLOW
1.
WATER CLOSET
6 LITRE/FLUSH
2.
URINALS
3.8 LITRE/FLUSH
3.
LAVATORY, METERED FAUCET (PUBLIC)
1 LITRE/USE
LAVATORY, FAUCET (PRIVATE)
8 LITRE/MIN
5.
SINK, FAUCET
8 LITRE/MIN
6.
BIDET, HAND HELD SPRAY
8 LITRE/MIN
7.
SHOWER BED
10 LITRE/MIN
4.
PRESSURIZED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (HYDRO-PNEUMATIC PUMPING SYSTEM) ▪ It is a direct pumping system incorporating a recharge diaphragm vessel. ▪ The system may incorporate multiple pumps with suction and discharge manifolds and a control panel to facilitate automatic operation. Total discharge capacity required may be shared by a number of pumps, where the pumps operate in duty, assist and standby configuration. Plumbing fixtures requirements
DOMESTIC PER DAY
GRAVITY DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ▪ This is the common water distribution system. The system comprises pumping water to one or more overhead water tanks. Water transferred to overhead tanks is distributed by gravity to various parts of the building by the system of piping work.
S. NO .
FIXTURES
RATE OF HOT WATER FLOW
1.
KITCHEN SINK
5 LITRE/MIN
2.
WASH BASIN
5 LITRE/MIN
3.
SHOWER (SPRAY TYPE)
6.5 LITRE/MIN
RATE OF HOT WATER FLOW
RATE OF COLD WATER FLOW
TWO PIPE SYSTEM WITH COMMON VENT PIPE ▪ The piping system in which all soil appliances such as water closets, urinals, bidets and bedpan sinks are connected to soil stack and all other plumbing fixtures such as bath, sink and basis are connected to waste stack through deep seal trap. TWO PIPE SYSTEM WITH INDEPENDENT VENT PIPE ▪ The piping system in which all soil appliances such as water closets, urinals, bidet and bedpan sinks are connected to soil stack and all other plumbing fixtures such as baths, sinks, and basins are connected to waste stack through deep seal trap. In addition, there are independent a vent stacks provided for respective ventilation of soil and waste stacks. S.NO.
MANHOLES (RECTANGULAR)
SIZE
1.
For depth less than 0.9m
900mmX800mm
2.
For depth from 0.9m up to 2.5m
1200mmX900mm
S.NO.
MANHOLES (CIRCULAR)
SIZE
1.
Depth above 0.9m and up to 1.65 m.
Φ 900mm
2.
Depth above 1.65m and up to 2.3m.
Φ 1200mm
3.
Depth above 2.3 m and up to 9m.
Φ 1800mm
LITERATURE STUDY
MANHOLE SIZES
NBC SERVICES (WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE)
FIRE SUPRESSION SYSTEMS
FIRE PREVENTION Educational buildings are classified into Group B according to its usage and ▪ character of occupancy. These shall include any building used for school, college, other training institutions involving assembly for instruction, education or recreational for not less than 20 students. Buildings and structures under Group B shall be further subdivided as follows: ▪ Subdivision B-1: schools upto senior secondary level. Subdivision B-2: all others/training institutions.
FIRE EXITS
Gas based systemssystems that use gaseous agents as fire suppression media, such as, all agents alternate to Halon gases, listed and approved for use by relevant Indian Standards; other methods/types of gas based systems where their protection is equal to or better than what is suggested above for the type of application subject to the acceptance of authorities concerned may also fall under such systems. Water based systems system that use mainly water as firefighting media such as hydrant system, sprinkler system, water spray system, foam system and water mist system.
GENERAL EXIT REQUIREMENT
▪ Exit- that unobstructed component of means of egress which is between the exit access and the exit discharge or public way. Exit components include exterior exit doors at the level of exit discharge, interior exit stairways, exit passageways, exterior exit stairways and exterior exit ramps .
FIRE FIGHTING
▪ Every exit, exit passageway and exit discharge shall be continuously maintained free of all obstructions or impediments to full use in the case of fire or other emergency. ▪ Doors in exits shall open in the direction of exit. In case of assembly buildings and institutional buildings exit door shall not open immediately upon a flight of stairs and all such entries to the stair shall be through landing, so that such doors do not impede movement of people descending from a higher floor when fully opened. ▪ At least half of the required exit stairs from upper floors shall discharge directly to the exterior or through exit passageways. ▪ unless otherwise specified, all the exit passageways to exit discharge shall have a clear ceiling height of at least 2.4m. However, the height of the exit door shall be at least 2.0m.
▪ Down-comeran arrangement of ARRANGEMENTS OF EXIT PIPES firefighting within the building by ▪ Exit shall be so located that the travel distance on the floor shall not exceed the distance of 30m. means of down-comer pipe connected ▪ The dead end corridor length in exit access shall not exceed 6m for educational, institutional and assembly to terrace tank through terrace pump, occupancies. gate valve and non-return valve and ▪ Exit shall be placed as remote from each other as possible and shall be arranged to provide direct access having mains not less than 100 mm in separate directions from any point in the area served. internal diameter with landing valves on each floor/landing . ▪ Dry riser an arrangement of firefighting Within the building by means of vertical Rising mains not less than 100 mm intern Diameter with landing valves on each Floor/landing which is normally dry but is Capable of being charged with water usually By pumping from fire service appliances.
FIRE FIGHTING SHAFTS
DOORWAYS
▪ Every exit doorway shall open into an enclosed stairways or a horizontal exit of a corridor or • Firefighting shaft (fire tower)an enclosed shaft having protected area of 120 passageway providing continuous and protected means of egress. min fire resistance rating comprising protected lobby, staircase and firemans lift, ▪ No exit doorway shall be less than 1000mm in width except assembly buildings, where door connected directly to exit discharge or through exit passageway with 120 min fire width shall not be less than 2000mm. Doorways shall not be less than 2000mm in resistant wall at the level of exit discharge to exit discharge. These shall also serve the purpose of exit requirement/ strategy for the occupants. The respective floor height. shall be approachable from fire-fighting shaft enabling the fire fighters to access the STAIRCASE floor and also enabling the fire fighters to assist in evacuation through firemans lift. ▪ The minimum width of tread without nosing shall be 300mm for staircase for educational buildings. ▪ The maximum height of riser shall be 150mm. The number of risers shall be limited to 12 per flight. ▪ Internal stairs shall be constructed of non- combustible materials throughout, and shall have fire resistant rating of minimum 120 min. ▪ The width of staircase for educational building is 1.50m. ▪ A handrail shall be provided on one side of the staircase of width less than 1500 mm and on both sides of staircase of width 1500mm and more. The projection of handrails in the staircase width shall not be more than 115mm. ▪ The minimum headroom in a passage under the landing of a staircase and under the staircase shall be 2.2m. ▪ Access to exit staircase shall be through a fire door of a minimum 120 min fire resistance rating.
PLANNING OF LIFT FOR EDUCATIONAL BUILDING ▪ In schools and other educational institutions, the traffic flow would consist of peak demand for short duration that would consist of peak demand for short duration that would exist just before the start or after finishing of a class or lecture. ▪ It is unlikely that an economical solution can be implemented for such high peak requirements. Therefore, the design of the building has to be such that heavy stair usage is facilitated.
LIFT LOBBY DESIGNING ▪ The lift lobby should be designed appropriately since this has bearing on the traffic handling especially when more number of lifts are involved. ▪ In dual line arrangement the lobby should be between 1.5 times and 2.5 the depth of one car. ▪ For single line arrangement, the lobby can be typically half of the above recommendations.
LIFT LOCATION
▪ The lift should be easily accessible from all entrances. ▪ For maximum efficiency, they should be grouped near the center of the building. ▪ It is preferable not to have all the lifts out in straight line and, if possible, not more than 4 lifts should be arranged in this manner. ▪ Further, the corridor should be wide enough to allow sufficient space for waiting passengers as well as for through passengers.
LITERATURE STUDY
NBC SERVICES ( FIRE FIGHTING AND LIFT)
PLANNING OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
The design and planning of an electrical wiring installation shall take into consideration the following: ▪ Type of supply, building utility, occupancy, envisaged load and the earthing arrangement available; ▪ Provision of air conditioning systems in present and/or future loading; ▪ Climatic conditions, such as cooling air temperature, moisture or such other conditions which are likely to effect the installation adversely; ▪ Possible presence of inflammable or explosive dust, vapour or gas; ▪ Degree of mechanical and electrical protection necessary; ▪ Importance of continuity of service including the possible need for standby supply; ▪ Probability of need for modification or future extension; ▪ Ease of maintenance; ▪ Safety aspects; ▪ Energy conservation ▪ Reliability of power supply and redundancy to cater to the needs for emergency power and standby power for continued operation of systems as well as integration of alternate sources of energy such as diesel generation, solar energy, wind power, etc.
SUBSTATION AND SWITCHROOMS
The location and other requirements of a substation and switchrooms shall be as given below: ▪ The substation should preferably be located in separate utility building and may be adjacent to generator room, if any. Location of substation in the basement should be avoided, as far as possible. ▪ In case there is only one basement, the substation/ switchroom shall not be provided in the basement. Also, the floor level of the substation shall not be lowest point of the basement. ▪ Ideal location for an electrical substation for a group of buildings will be at the electrical load centre. Generally the load centre will be somewhere between the geometrical centre and the air conditioning plant room will normally be the largest load, if the buildings are centrally air conditioned. ▪ Substation shall not be located immediately above or below plumbing water tanks or sewage treatment plant(STP) water tanks at the same locations. ▪ All door openings from substation, Electrical rooms, etc. should open outwards Vertical shutters (like fire rated rolling shutters) may also be acceptable provided they are combined with a single lea door openings outwards for exit in case of emergency. For large substation room/electrical room having multiple equipments, two or more doors shall be provided which shall be remotely located from each other. ▪ No service or ventilation shafts shall open into substation or switch room unless specific to substation or switch room.
EMERGENCY POWER BACKUP SYSTEM ▪ The height of diesel generating (DG) set rooms shall be not more than 3000mm above the DG set height, unless required due to DG room ventilation requirements. ▪ Space should be provided for storage of fuel. LOCATION OF MV/LV SWITCH ROOM ▪ This should be located as close to electrical load center as possible, on the ground floor or on the first basement level of the building. ▪ Suitable cable trays shall be laid with minimum number of bends. FIRE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS Power supply to emergency fire and life safety systems-emergency power supplying distribution system for critical requirement for functioning of fire and safety system and equipment where provided: ▪ Fire pumps ▪ Pressurization and smoke venting; including its ancillary systems such as dampers and actuators ▪ Firemans lifts ▪ Exit signage lighting ▪ Emergency lighting ▪ Public address system ▪ Magnetic door hold open devices ▪ Lighting in fire command cenntre and security room.
HVAC EQUIPMENT ROOM FOR CENTRAL A/C SYSTEM ▪ This room shall be located preferably within the building being air conditioned and closer to external wall for facilitating ventilation and equipment movement. ▪ The clear headroom below soffit of beam should be minimum 4.5m for larger capacity chillers (500TR and above) and minimum 3.6m for smaller plants. ▪ The floor should be finished smooth. ▪ In case air conditioning plant room located in basement, equipment movement route shall be planned to facilitate future replacement and maintenance. Service ramps should be provided in such case.
EQUIPMENT ROOM FOR CENTRAL A.H.U.
▪ This shall be located as centrally as possible to the conditioned area and contiguous to the corridors or other service areas for carrying air ducts in ceiling spaces. ▪ AHU units should preferably be located vertically one above the other. ▪ Provision shall be made for the entry of outdoor ventilation into air handling unit room. ▪ Exterior openings for outdoor air intake and also exhaust outlets shall have louvers having rain protection profile, with volume control dampers, pre-filter and bird screen. ▪ Supply/return air duct serving other areas shall not be taken through fire exits. ▪ Waterproofing of air handling unit rooms shall be carried out to prevent damage to floor below. SWITCHBOARDS ▪ An electric switchboard is a device that directs electricity from one ▪ Structural design should avoid beam obstruction to the passage of supply and return air ducts. or more sources of supply to several smaller regions of usage. It is an assembly of one or more panels, each of which contains switches that ▪ Exhaust air from any dwelling unit shall not be circulated/ingress directly or indirectly to any other dwelling unit, to public corridor or allow electricity to be redirected. A switchboard is divided into into public stairways. different interconnected sections, generally consisting of a main section and a distribution section. ▪ A clear space of not less than 1 m in width shall be provided in front PIPE SHAFTS ▪ The shafts carrying chilled water pipes should be located adjacent of switchboard. to air handling unit room or within the room. ▪ Shaft carrying condensing water pipes to cooling towers located on terrace should be vertically aligned. ▪ Access to all shaft shall be provided at every level, if there is any serviceable component in the shaft.
SUPPLY AIR DUCTS AND RETURN AIR DUCTS SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER GENERATING SYSTEM
Most solar PV systems can be mounted on a building or installed on ground. For buildings, they are either mounted on the roof or integrated into the building faade (BIPV). ▪ Grid connected solar PV systems- this generating system is Types of PV system: interconnected with an existing electric power grid, subject to grid requirements. This system is also called grid-tied system. A ▪ Stand alone solar PV systems- it is independent power building has two parallel power supplies, one from the PV solar production system that is not connected to the grid system and other from the power grid. The combined power supply and can thus be designed free from grid code EMERGENCY POWER BACKUP SYSTEM requirements. This system is also called an off-grid feeds all the loads connected to the main a.c. distribution boards. ▪ The emergency power supply ( such as generating sets) should not be system. Whenever the solar PV supply exceeds the buildings current allowed to be installed above ground floor or below first basement level demand, excess electricity is exported into the grid. of building. ▪ In case of DG set located in basement, the ceiling of the DG room shall be the ground floor slab. ▪ It is preferable to install the standby generator in utility building. If installed in the enclosed space, facilities for forced ventilation shall be provided.
▪ The duct supports shall be designed to handle the load and also to take into account seismic considerations. ▪ The support material should be galvanized steel/ aluminium and facilitate ease of installation at site using alternatives such as fully threaded rod/angle section/ wire supports system using stud anchors provided in ceiling slab from drilled holes without damaging the slab or structural members.
COOLING DUCTS ▪ Cooling tower shall be installed where free flow of atmospheric air is available. ▪ Cooling tower accessories shall be project-specific and shall include such items as walking platform, stairs and ladder safety cage, bird screen, towr loading and supporting structure and variable speed drive fan motor.
EDUCATIONAL BUILDING
▪ University and college campus having large diversity in cooling/ heating loads, should be provided with large central utility plant or smaller mechanical rooms serving a cluster of buildings. ▪ The central utility plant may supply chilled/hot water. In addition to accommodating the mechanical and electrical equipment, central utility plant may also house engineering, operation and maintenance personnel. ▪ A central control room shall be provided for energy monitoring.
LITERATURE STUDY
NBC SERVICES ( ELECTRICAL AND HVAC)
INSTRUCTIONAL AREA (CARPET AREA) IN M SQ. : Engineering/Technology(UG)
Larger lecture halls require more entrances and exits, larger projection screen images, greater voice amplification, more complex lighting and audiovisual control, special acoustical design, and greater control of the environment by the instructor. Ceiling heights will vary, depending upon the size of the room.
Engineering/Technology(PG)
Capacity
Rear Ceiling Height Front Ceiling Height
75-149
2.4 m
3.6 m
150-299
2.4 m
4.5 m
300 or more
2.4 m
5.5 m
• LECTURE HALL SECTIONAL LAYOUT: • Usual sizes for lecture theatres : 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 600, 800 seats. Theatres with up to 200 seats have a celling height of 3.50 m and are integrated into the departmental buildings, if larger they are better in a separate building.
Applied Arts and Crafts(UG,PG)
• Amount of space per student : for seating in comfort 70 x 65 cm; and on avg. 60 x 80 55 x 75 cm. 0.60 m sq. needed per student including all spaces in larger lecture theatres and in avg. comfort 0.80 0.95 m sq. • Standard min size for • Rectangular lecture hall : 0.2 0.25 m sq./seat • Trapezoidal shape : 0.15 0.18 m sq./seat • For scientific lectures : 0.2 0.3 m sq./seat
Administrative Area (Carpet Area) in m sq.
Capacity
98students
Roomarea
200msq
Area per person
2msq./ Student
BOOKS, JOURNALS AND LIBRARY FACILITIES:
B= Number of divisions at 1st year (Shift 1+2) + Number of 2nd year direct divisions (Shift 1+2) • 33% of total number of titles and volumes each can • Seminar hall : These usually
be in the form of ebooks with intranet access. • Availability of NPTEL (National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning ) facility at the
library is essential.
LECTURE HALLS:
60 seats, with movable
• Professor
: 15 m sq.
double desks(width 1.20,
• Lecturer
: 20 m sq.
• Assistants
: 15 m sq. (when shared by 2 20 m sq.)
depth 0.60): space
• Document scanning facility in the library is essential.
required per student 1.90
• Reprographic facility in the library is essential.
2.00 m.
Lecture hall defined as a classroom with seating for 75 or more persons.
• Digital Library facility with multimedia facility is essential.
The three (3) fundamental requirements: to see visual material
• Journals and Books shall also include subjects of Science and Humanities.
• to hear without noise or distortion,
have 20, 40, 50 or
• Officers for academic staff : : 20 24 m sq.
• Typists • Library :
• Book space :
Book cases with 6 7 shelves, 2m high Distance between book cases 1.50 1.60m Space required 1.0 1.2 m sq./200 books.
to be physically comfortable
Capacity for 30,000 200,000 books on open shelves. • Reading spaces : Width 0.9 1.0 m/depth 0.8m Space required 2.4 2.5 m sq./ space
LITERATURE STUDY NEUFERTS
TOILETS FOR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS:
AMENITIESAREA(CARPETAREA)INMSQ.
NORMS FOR FACULTY REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDED CADRE RATIO FOR TECHNICAL INSTITUTION : Under Graduate Programme
PARKING:
As per NBC: Area for each equivalent car space inclusive of circulation area is 23 m sq for open parking, 28 m sq for ground floor covered parking and 32 m sq for basement. As per The Parking Standards Supplementary Planning Document (SPD) : -1 car space per 5 students -1 car space per member of staff
HOSTEL REQUIREMENTS AREA (Carpet Area) in m sq. :
TOILETS FOR HOSTELS:
• Of which, a minimum of 80 % should be Regular/ full time
KITCHEN SPACE (Carpet Area) IN m sq.
faculty and the remaining shall be Adjunct Faculty/ Resource
Department
500
1000
2000
3000
persons from industry as per Annexure 10.
Receiving
15.24-21.336
24.38-30.48
48.76-60.96
73.15-91.44
Dry storage
45.72-76.2
91.44-152.4
182.88-304.8
274.3-457.2
Refrigerated Storage
48.768
54.86
109.72
152.4
Dishwashing
36.576-45.75
73.15-146.3
158.4-219.45
228.6-237.7
Trash Room
27.432-33.5
39.62-45.7
57.9-73.15
76.2-97.5
Employee lockers and toilets
19.8-24.38
30.48-35.05
70.1-76.2
100.5-109.7
Manager’s office
24.38
24.38
36.57
42.67
• S = Sum of number of students as per Approved Intake for all years, R = (1+2+6) PostGraduateProgrammes:
RESIDENTIAL AREA:
There are majorly three main classifications in residential areas for
• S = Sum of number of students as per Approved Intake for all years *R = (1+1+1).
technical institutions which are briefly discussed below:
•
a state of art Cyber Cafe, managed by students. All hostels are now fully Wifi
• For every PG Programme, there should be at least one Professor with Ph.D. qualification. • Of which, a minimum of 80 % should be Regular/ full time
• faculty and the remaining shall be adjunct faculty/ resource • persons from industry. • Recommended Cadre Ratio shall be 1:2:6 (Professor: Associate Professor : Assistant Professor) or better.
TECHNICALAND OTHERSTAFF: • The six workshop facilities consist of Carpentry, Welding, Smithy, Machine Shop, Fitting and Sheet Metal Shop. Each of these facilities would have a • mechanic and an attendant. All these facilities should be headed by a ASW/Foreman. • The ratio of non-teaching (inclusive of administrative, ministerial, technical and • other unskilled and semiskilled staff) to teaching staff should not exceed 3:1. laboratory technician / laboratory technician and an attendant. •
HOSTELS : For both Boys, girls and even need for married couples. Each hostel has connected, meaning that the Internet permeates the space we live in.
•
FACULTY HOUSING : Its a simple 1BHK or 2BHK flat equipped with small kitchen is available in each of them with a refrigerator. Guest Faculty can been
DINNING (Carpet Area) IN m sq. (For University Cafeteria and catering)
•
accommodated here on occasions for 6 months on continuous basis. GUEST HOUSING : These are AC suites with two furnished beds and
attached toilet with hot and cold water facility. All rooms are serviced by an emergency generator set. All AC rooms and Suite are also provided with color
televisions with Cable connection. All rooms are also provided with telephones • HOSTELMANAGEMENT: through an EPABX system, with direct inward dialing facility. LIBRARY STAFF : It is suggested that the library should consist of 1 librarian, The following officers constitute 1. Each hostel is managed by a 1 .assistant librarian and 4 library assistants Warden/ Asst. theHostelManagement a)TheDirector Warden. PHYSICAL EDUCATION STAFF : It is suggested that 1 physical education director, 1 assistant b)TheRegistrar 2. The students can approach any physical education director and 2 attendants should be available. c)Dy.Registrar of the above officer for help (F&A) guidance and grievance redressal. LABORATORY STAFF : Each laboratory should be in the charge of a teaching staff assisted by a senior d)Asst.Warden Representations to higher officers must be forwarded through proper channel.
LITERATURE STUDY NEUFERTS