Web agri des 2017 by AGRISA

agri Vol 46 • No 6

DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18

Highly Commended

FOKUS • FOCUS • Kersfeesuitgawe/Christmas edition • Finansies/Finance • Vervoer/Transport

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agri Inhoud/Contents

Inhoud Contents

Weerstand teen antibiotika

ie weerstand teen antibiotika en die veebedryf se rol daarin is al vir geruime tyd in die kollig. Die firma Biomin het in November 2017 ‘n inligtingsdag hieroor in Boksburg gehou. Daar is duidelik nie ‘n eenvoudige antwoord nie. Die veebedryf sal waarskynlik nooit heeltemal sonder antibiotika kan klaarkom nie, maar daar is maniere om die gebruik daarvan te verminder. In Europese lande het druk op produsente van owerheidsweë gekom. Dit is nog nie heeltemal duidelik hoe die prentjie in Suid-Afrika gaan ontvou nie, maar druk van verbruikersgroepe gaan ook ‘n rol speel. Kenners is dit eens dat Suid-Afrikaanse produsente eerder ‘n proaktiewe benadering moet volg. Boere moet self plan maak en sorg dat hulle gerat is vir ‘n bedeling waarin die verminderde gebruik van antibiotika onafwendbaar is. Sommige Europese lande vorder reeds fluks met planne en Suid-Afrika kan byvoorbeeld by ‘n land soos Swede gaan kers opsteek. Verder lê ‘n groot opvoedingstaak voor om nie net produsente nie, maar ook verbruikers oor die gebruik van antibiotika in die veebedrywe in te lig. Derick van der Walt

3 Redaksioneel 5 Boekresensies/Book Reviews 6 Standpunt 7 Viewpoint 9 Stille waters

NUUS/NEWS How smart farming can improve the sustainability and competitiveness of emerging farmers and ultimately transform our agricultural sector

17 23 25

Valuation and expropriation: A guide for members Vervoer van plaaswerkers: ‘n Komplekse stel reëls The importance of a socio-economic impact assessment report during the public consultation process of draft legislation

27 31 43 43

Land debate: The facts are on the table Consider agritourism to differentiate the revenue stream Continued instability and uncertainty could change optimism Jy kan ‘n verskil maak

Highly Commended

agri Vol 46 • No 6

DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18

Redaksioneel Editorial

GEREELD/REGULAR

45 47 49

Water Uit ‘n ander hoek Wyn/Wine

Voorblad geborg deur/ Cover sponsored by Nedbank Financial Planning Bladsye/Pages 8 & 9

FOKUS • FOCUS • Kersfeesuitgawe/Christmas edition • Finansies/Finance • Vervoer/Transport

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2016/10/19 16:10

Jou opinie maak saak. Vertel ons waarvan jy hou en wat jy sou verander in Agri. Your opinion is important. Let us know what you like and what you would like to change in Agri. Stuur jou kommentaar en besonderhede aan:/Send your comments and details to: derick@greenpepper.biz/or Privaatsak/Private Bag X180, Centurion 0046 agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

agri Agri (waarby ingelyf Die Boer/The Farmer), word vyf keer per jaar versprei aan lede van Agri SA en ander intekenare. Agri (under which Die Boer/The Farmer is incorporated) is distributed five times a year to Agri SA members and subscribers. Redaksionele komitee/ Editorial committee Omri van Zyl, Christo van der Rheede, Annelize Crosby, Derick van der Walt, Kobus Visser, Jahni de Villiers, Annemi Mennen, Yolisa Mfaise, Hamlet Hlomendlini, dr. Requier Wait, Pietman Roos & Janse Rabie Personeel/Staff Uitvoerende redakteur/Executive editor: Derick van der Walt 082 770 5111 derick@greenpepper.biz Advertensiebestuurder/ Advertising manager Mabel Schmahl 082 563 4427 or (012) 997 3407/12 Mabel@agrisa.co.za Sales executive Lizandre van Rooyen 079 153 5473 or (012) 997 3407/12 riaan@mesconsultants.co.za Kantooradministrateur en intekenare/ Office administrator and subscribers Thea Liebenberg Medewerkers/Contributors Dr Gerhard Verdoorn, Cassie du Plessis, Dr Gerhard Backeberg & Lehman Lindeque Uitleg/Layout Fréda Prinsloo Adres/Address Agri, Privaatsak/Private Bag X180, Centurion, 0046 Blok/Block A, Inkwazi Gebou/Building, Embankmentstraat/Street, Zwartkop, Uitbreiding/Extension 7 Tel: (012) 643 3400 Faks/Fax: (012) 663 3178 E-pos/Email: derick@greenpepper.biz Reproduksie en drukwerk/ Reproduction and printing Business Print Centre: (012) 843 7600 Agri SA aanvaar geen verantwoordelikheid vir aansprake wat in advertensies gemaak word nie en die menings en aanbevelings van individue of enige ander liggaam of organisasie wat in artikels in Agri verskyn nie. Kopiereg word voorbehou en inhoud mag slegs met die toestemming van die direkteur: Korporatiewe Skakeling gereproduseer word./ Agri SA accepts no responsibility for claims made in advertisements or for opinions and recommendations expressed by individuals or any other body or organisation in articles published in Agri. Copyright is reserved and the content may only be reproduced with the consent of the Director: Corporate Services.

Indien u op Agri wil inteken, skakel/ If you wish to subscribe to Agri contact Thea Liebenberg Tel: (012) 643 3400 Faks/Fax: (012) 663 3178 www.agrisa.co.za Artikels in Agri is ook op aanvraag in ‘n alternatiewe taal beskikbaar/Articles in Agri are also available in an alternative language on request. Sirkulasie/Circulation

agri Boeke/Books

Boekresensies Book Reviews ‘n Boek verniet Agri gee ‘n eksemplaar weg van elk van die boeke wat op bladsy 5 bespreek word. Stuur ‘n e-pos met jou naam, posadres en telefoonnommer na agricompetitions@gmail.com. Sê ook watter boek jy wil hê (slegs een boek per e-pos, asseblief). Hans steek die Rubicon oor Rudi van Rensburg (Queillerie) Op 90 is Hans nog hups en springlewendig. Sy orige kinders maneuvreer hom egter vanuit hul tuistes oorsee uit sy lekker ou huis in die Kaap en in Huis Madeliefie in. Maar Hans skop nog kliphard, en gou lei hy ’n ouetehuisopstand teen die onhoudbaar drakoniese matrone – ’n afgetrede tronkbewaarder. Dis daggakoekies, ontkleedansers en vet sports net waar jy kyk in hierdie hoogs komiese roman oor oudword. Navrae: nb@nb.co.za Spertyd Elsa Joubert (Tafelberg) Hierdie boek is die voltooiing van Elsa Joubert se outobiografiese drieluik wat ingelei is deur ’n Wonderlike geweld (2005) en Reisiger (2009). Dit fokus hoofsaaklik op die skrywer se latere jare in ‘n aftreeoord in Kaapstad waar sy nou al geruime tyd woon, maar haar belewenis van die hede en onlangse verlede word onlosmaaklik vervleg met herinneringe aan veel verder terug, alles geteken met die kenmerkende woordvaardigheid van een van Afrikaans se mees gevierde skrywers. Navrae: nb@nb.co.za Faith and courage Thabo Makgopa (Tafelberg) In 2009 Archbishop Thabo Makgoba got a surprise request from Graca Machel to visit Nelson Mandela and pray with him, marking the start of an unusual relationship between southern Africa’s Anglican leader and Madiba in his last years. Join Makgoba in his journey towards faith, from his boyhood in Alex to Bishopscourt and ministering to Mandela. In exploring questions such as what was Madiba’s spirituality, Makgoba opens a window on SA’s spiritual make-up and life. Enquiries: nb@nb.co.za Shisanyama Jan Braai (Human & Rousseau) Mzanzi se beste braairesepte, spesiaal uitgesoek en getoets deur die alombekende Jan Braai. As jy wil weet wat Suid-Afrikaners geniet, en hoe hulle braai, is dit die boek vir jou. Shisanyama is gepak met eenvoudige resepte met maklik bekombare bestanddele en dek alles van ou staatmakers tot vars nuwe braai-idees. Nog ‘n Jan Braai-wenner. Navrae: nb@nb.co.za

Blou is nie ‘n kleur nie Carin Krahtz (Tafelberg) Dié boek is vanjaar die goue wenner in die gesogte Sanlamprys vir Jeuglektuur. Ná die ongeluk drie jaar gelede val die oënskynlik gelukkige Vorster-gesin se lewens uitmekaar. Carin Krahtz sny met presisie deur die lewens van elk van die gesinslede met skerpsinnige dialoog en temper die verhaal met humor. Hierdie is nie ‘n wroegroman nie, maar ‘n nugtere kyk na die lewens van ‘n gesin wat verbrokkel en verswelg word deur voorstedelike angs en ander bagasie. Navrae: nb@nb.co.za Soen Jan Vermeulen (Tafelberg) Peet Rautenbach is Algoa Hoër se hoofseun: hoogs intelligent en met baie talent in musiek, kuns en redenaars. Daar word sewe A’s van hom verwag. Daarby is Peet ‘n toegewyde, voorbeeldige seun in die oë van sy pastoor-ouers. Maar Peet het ‘n swakheid: sy obsessie met die blonde onderwyseres Scarlett Rose Reynolds. Dit maak die deur oop vir talle aanslae op hom, wat hom uiteindelik amper sy lewe kos. Die boek het silwer gewen in vanjaar se Sanlamprys vir Jeuglektuur. Navrae: nb@nb.co.za Blinktand van Bosveldparadys Attie Snyman (Briza Publications) ’n Lekkerleesboek oor die avonture van Blinktand, die sterkste en slimste vlakvark wat ooit in Bosveldparadys geleef het. In hierdie avontuurlike reis beleef die jong leser nie net gevaar like gebeure en spanning saam met Blinktand en sy bekkige vriend Kierie Kraai nie, maar ook situasies wat lesers – jonk en oud – sal laat skaterlag. Kleurfoto’s en beskrywings van die diersoorte en plante wat in die storie voorkom, vertel kinders meer van die natuur. ’n Lys van nuwe woorde en uitdrukkings brei hulle woordeskat uit en vrae aan die einde van elke hoofstuk toets hulle kennis en begrip. Daar is ook ‘n klankleser addisioneel teen R900 beskikbaar waarmee jy na die storie kan luister. Navrae: Tel no (012) 329 3896, e-pos: books@briza.co.za, website: www.briza.co.za

Boekwenners, vorige uitgawe: 30-Minute-resepte, wenke en wyshede, Antonette Grobbelaar, Bethulie; Alles begin met Anna, Ronel Grobler, Brits; Rapid Fire, Peter Johnston, Vredehoek; Liedjies vir pikkies en peuters, WAP Smith, Clanwilliam; Krappies en die krone, Nelie Nel, Parys. agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

agri Standpunt

Sosiale media – die onsigbare wapen Wat het Donald Trump, Black Monday, Black Lives Matter, Bell Pottinger en die Egiptiese opstand op Tahrir-plein in gemeen? Sosiale media het die aard van hul veldtogte verander. ‘n Paar vinnige, interessante feite: • Facebook en Google is verantwoordelik vir ongeveer 40% van Amerika se digitale inhoudsverbruik; • In ‘n groter mate as enige ander medium, dien sosiale media as ‘n meganisme om aandag op iets te vestig, om dit dan te manipuleer en te misbruik. Dit het die politieke spelreëls vir ewig verander. Valse beriggewing en slim kuberkrakery (hacking) en internet-veldtogte het ‘n geweldige impak waarmee daar rekening gehou moet word; • Die nuwe aandag-ekonomie is ‘n sleutelkonsep; inligting en aanlyninsette kan mense se aandag vir ure lank aangryp. Hierdie tendens dui op ‘n soort verslawing; • Koppelvlak- en toep-ontwerpers en sosiale mediamaatskappye het duisende kundiges in diens wat verseker dat mense gedurig na hierdie platforms terugkeer. Volwasse Amerikaners wat Facebook, Instagram en WhatsApp gebruik, bestee ongeveer 20 uur per maand op hierdie drie dienste. In totaal raak Amerikaners tot 2 600 keer per dag aan hul slimfone. Voorts kom die toenemende gebruik van valse beriggewing om die diskoers te beïnvloed en ‘n nuwe norm vir inligtinggebruikers te skep, in ons daaglike interaksie voor. Tydens die 2016Amerikaanse verkiesing het sogenaamde fake news die hoofstroom-media engevestigde joernalistieke vernuf oorskadu. In ‘n sekere opsig ding baie joernaliste met

hierdie misleidende veldtogte mee. Kom ons bring dit nader na die huis: Op 30 Oktober, tydens die Black Monday-veldtog, het ek gesien hoe die media, burgerlike samelewing en voorspraakgroepe hierdie dag ervaar en hoe sosiale media ‘n groot rol speel in die manier waarop gesprekke ontvou. Alles het begin met ‘n video wat deur Chris Loubser vir sy vermoorde vriend, Joubert Conradie, gemaak is. Conradie is op ‘n plaas in die Wes-Kaap vermoor. Chris het gevra dat ons alle slagoffers van plaasgeweld herdenk deur op daardie spesifieke Maandag swart te dra – en so is die veldtog gevorm. Daar was geen spesifieke organiseerders nie en die inisiatief het organies oor Suid-Afrika heen ontwikkel. Namate die gebeure op Maandag ontvou het, is dit voorgehou as ‘n rasgedrewe veldtog wat die res van Suid-Afrika uitgesluit het. Maar pleks daarvan om misdaad en geweld te veroordeel, het sommige Twitter-aktiviste, joernaliste en politici verkies om “rassisme“ en “wit heerskappy“, eerder as “moord“, te skree. Die oorspronklike bedoeling van Black Monday was suiwer, maar boodskappe daaroor het binnekort ontaard in fopnuus wat om ou apartheidsvlae, teenmaatreëls vir die sogenaamde “doodskis-voorval“ en kulturele meerderwaardigheid gewentel het. Die regering se reaksie is duidelik beïnvloed deur dié vlaag valse beriggewing wat die mediaplatforms getref het. Nathi Mthethwa, minister van kuns en kultuur, het

‘n verklaring uitgereik waarin hy nie net die vertoon van die ou vlag nie, maar Omri van Zyl ook die kwansuise verbranding van die nuwe een (wat glad nie gebeur het nie), veroordeel het. Mmamoloko Kubayi-Ngubane, minister van kommunikasie, het aan Jacaranda FM gesê dat die regering vryheid van spraak, asook die reg om protes aan te teken, respekteer, maar dat dit op ‘n verantwoordelike wyse moet geskied. “Daar was beeldmateriaal van mense wat vlae verbrand en ou vlae vertoon en beledigende aanmerkings maak,” het sy gesê. Die ontstellendste was die minister van verdediging, Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula, se onderhoud met die SABC: “Die verbranding van die vlag is wat my die kwaadste gemaak het. My siening is dat ons hier mense het wat rasse-verdeeldheid aanhits. Hier is mense wat geen benul het van wat oorlog aan ‘n land kan doen nie.” In talle onderhoude moes ek dinge só bestuur dat daar gefokus word op die misdaadprobleem wat ons in die gesig staar om te verhoed dat daar groter rasse-verdeeldheid geskep word. My ervaring hier was dat valse beriggewing die hoofstroomnuus oorskadu het en ons dit moes bestuur op maniere wat ons nie kon voorsien nie. >>> bladsy 7

V E N N OT E I N L A N D E L I K E B E V E I L I G I N G | PA R T N E R S I N R U R A L S A F E T Y Use agricultural fleet code F14911 when purchasing a Nissan vehicle for Nissan SA to contribute to farm safety | Gebruik landbouvlootkode F14911 wanneer ‘n Nissan voertuig aangekoop word vir Nissan SA om ‘n bydrae te maak tot plaasveiligheid

agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

agri Viewpoint

Social media – the invisible gun What does Donald Trump, Black Monday, Black Lives Matter, Bell Pottinger and the Egyptian uprising in Tahrir Square have in common? Social media changed the face of their campaigns. Some fast facts you might find interesting: • Facebook and Google account for about 40% of America’s digital content consumption; • Social media is a mechanism for capturing, manipulating and consuming attention unlike any other; it has changed the game of politics forever. The power of fake news, clever hacking and campaigning is an immense force to recon with; • The new concept of the attention economy is key – information and online posts are capturing the attention and many hours of our people. It’s almost addictive in its consumption trends; • Interface designers, app makers and social media companies employ thousands of experts to design tools that keep people coming back. Adult Americans who use Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp spend around 20 hours a month on these three services. Overall, Americans touch their smartphones around 2 600 times a day. Another aspect that we see in our daily interactions is the increasing use of fake news to shape discourse and to create a new norm for information consumers. In the 2016 American election, fake news surpassed the use of mainstream media and solid journalistic acumen. In a sense, many journalists are competing with fake news campaigns. Bringing this closer to home: On 30 October (now known as Black Monday) I had firsthand experience of how the media, civil society and lobbying groups experienced this day, and how social media played a big role in shaping the conversations. It all began with a video made by Chris Loubser for his deceased friend, Joubert Conradie. Conradie was murdered on a farm in the Western Cape. Chris asked that we commemorate all victims of farm violence

by wearing black on that particular Monday – and so the campaign began. There were no specific organisers and the movement developed organically across South Africa. When the events on Monday unfolded, it was portrayed as a racial initiative where the rest of South Africa was excluded from the narrative. But instead of condemning crime and violence, some Twitter activists, journalists and politicians chose to cry “racism“ and “white supremacy“ rather than “murder.“ The original intention of Black Monday was pure, but messages about it soon developed into fake news items surrounding old apartheid flags, counter measures to the so-called “coffin case“ and cultural supremacy. Government’s response was clearly a reflection on the wave of fake news that hit the media platforms – arts and culture minister Nathi Mthethwa released a statement where he not only condemned the old flag, but also the burning of the new one, which simply did not occur. Communications minister Mmamoloko Kubayi-Ngubane told Jacaranda FM that government respected the freedom of expression and the right to protest, but that it should be done in a responsible way. “There are images of people burning our flag and people having old flags, including people hurling insults,” she said. And most concerning, defence minister Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula told the SABC: “The burning of the flag is what incensed me more than anything else. My view is that here you have people who are inciting racial divisions. Here are a people who have no clue

of what a war can do in a country.” I had to manage the media in many interviews that should have focused on the crime problem at hand to ensure that no greater divisions were created among South Africans on racial lines. My experience here was that fake news overtook the news stand and we had to manage the fake news in ways we did not anticipate. What I found interesting is the EFF’s response to Black Monday and how certain segments of society reacted to Mr Malema’s statement – and almost before our eyes we see how social media can create deep divisions in societies. It can fuel the tinderbox and polarise societies and create an environment poised for physical conflict. This is the reality of our times and we must manage the messaging and momentum of these initiatives. We must be calculated and smart in the way we use our social media tools – to mobilise and to unite rather than create divisions and aggression. The other issue that we all always need to consider is whether we’re being played – and we need to look beyond the emotional responses. We need to ensure that we have a strategy that would benefit our farmers and all South Africans in the long run.

<<< bladsy 6

gemeenskappe polariseer en ‘n omgewing skep vir fisiese konflik. Dít is ‘n realiteit in die tye waarin ons leef en ons moet die boodskappe en momentum van hierdie inisiatiewe bestuur. Ons moet doelgerig en slim met die gebruik van sosiale mediaplatforms omgaan – om te mobiliseer en te verenig

eerder as om verdeeldheid en onmin te saai. Die ander kwessie waarna ons altyd moet kyk is of ons uitgelok word – en ons moet verder kyk as bloot die emosionele reaksie. Ons moet verseker dat ons ‘n strategie het wat ons boere – en alle Suid-Afrikaners – in die langtermyn sal bevoordeel.

Iets wat ek baie interessant gevind het, was die EFF se reaksie op Black Monday en hoe sekere segmente van die samelewing op mnr Malema se stellings gereageer het. Ons het gesien hoe daar op sosiale media – voor ons oë – diep verdeeldheid geskep kan word. Dit kan gemoedere laat kook,

agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

agri Promosie/Promotional agri Promosie/Promotional

SUSTAINABILITY AND INCLUSIVENESS: KEY TO A BRIGHT FUTURE FOR AGRICULTURE

wo leading voices in sustainable agriculture and conservation – Professor Mohammad Karaan and Dr Morné du Plessis – addressed a gathering of over 60 livestock farmers at the Komga Agricultural Show in the Eastern Cape that took place from 5 to 7 October. Nedbank Business Banking Agricultural Division was the title sponsor. Prof Karaan is an agricultural economist and the former Dean of the Faculty of AgriSciences at the University of Stellenbosch. His grandfather, Abdul Rahim Adam, was a farmer in the old Transkei and always said: ‘A society that loses its agriculture loses its future’. Dr Du Plessis is the CEO of the conservation organisation WWF-SA. He grew up on a farm in the Komga region. The discussion was all about sustainability and inclusiveness. Both issues are of utmost importance and should guide the way forward for agriculture in South Africa to address the challenges the sector faces. This requires proactive commitment from farmers, as they are the custodians of our future; they hold the key to both the sustainability and the transformation of the sector. Agriculture is highly challenging because farmers need to make day-to-day decisions about a complex natural system. In South Africa our livestock largely depends on good, natural veld and vegetation, but many of our grasslands and ecosystems have been destroyed. All farmers today need to focus on rehabilitative veld management practices for improved vegetation, cover and water absorption. Gone are the days when you could overgraze your farm and then simply buy more land.

‘With climate change and the prolonged droughts we are experiencing in parts of the country, as well as floods in others, the need to concentrate on sustainable agriculture and food security has never been more urgent,’ says Du Plessis. ‘The advantage for livestock farmers is that well-managed grazing is highly compatible with grassland and water

16 bladsy/page 8

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conservation. The combined effect is improved productivity on the land.’ Du Plessis describes the Komga region as an exceptional part of South Africa with extraordinary biodiversity, as it is situated in the transition zone between the country’s eastern and western biomes. He was inspired to pursue a career in conservation because of the incredible range of species there, which fascinated him as a child. All these years later, his organisation, WWF-SA, partners with farmers throughout South Africa through the national Biodiversity Stewardship Programme. ‘This has led to increasing numbers of farmers playing a key conservation role by having their farms proclaimed as protected environments or nature reserves,’ says Du Plessis. ‘Farmers in protected environments continue farming their land based on a management plan that we help farmers to develop, which includes sustainable land management practices. Nature reserves are more complex, but farmers can also have parts of their land set aside as a nature reserve.’ Protected environments and nature reserves are legislated under the National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act (NEMPAA), and are afforded a high level of formal protection against developments such as inappropriate mining. Karaan emphasised that sustainable farming and conservation is all about strong partnerships and networks. There is much that farmers can do in partnership with progressive organisations to grow the sector in a positive way, develop crossborder and international pipelines and bring in new talent. ‘We currently have a failing state and it doesn’t help to continue to criticise while doing nothing,’ he explains.

Doing nothing will lead South Africa down a dark road. ‘The private sector in agriculture needs to take the lead, and this will give us the sense of independence we need to grow our sector. Critical to this is the development of the next generation of farmers. We need to improve the agricultural colleges throughout South Africa and we need more young people, more black people and more women thriving in the sector.’ The message is that we all need to change our attitudes consciously and spend more time with people who are not like us to understand where they are coming from and to reach out to each other instead of polarising. Land reform remains our biggest challenge as it has underachieved over the past 24 years, and we have to start getting it right. Karaan and Du Plessis urge farmers, producers and the agribusiness sector to give graduates opportunities, irrespective of race or gender, and to help new farmers or land reform beneficiaries make a success of their farms. Each agricultural sector needs to play its part in ensuring that land identified and acquired for land reform is put into production sustainably with capable beneficiaries. If we can address the political situation and bring political goodwill into this sector, farmers will be in a strong position because the outlook for livestock farming in South Africa – and for meat, meat products and fibre – is positive, as Karaan explains. ‘We are in a livestock revolution, where rising incomes and a growing middle class with greater purchasing power has brought considerable growth and demand for natural fibres, meat and meat products. It is a global phenomenon but more so in the case of emerging economies across Africa and the East.’

agri Promosie/Promotional agri Promosie/Promotional

<<< page 68 The positive economic and market conditions locally and internationally are good news for livestock farmers; and while we cannot change the weather, many of the other factors that can take farming forward are in our hands.

Nedbank supports the WWF-SA Sustainable Agriculture Programme, which works with farmers to address the sector’s energy, soil and water challenges. Together, we foster sustainable farming practices that increase productivity and conserve the unique biodiversity of our land.

PROF MOHAMMAD KARAAN

DR MORNÉ DU PLESSIS

Stille waters Lees Psalm 148:1-6

Prys Hom, julle daarbó! Prys Hom, hoogste hemele … (v. 4). Dit is nie moeilik om jou dit te verbeel nie: hoe die maan en die sterre hul Skepper se Naam verkondig. Daar is mos min dinge wat die Goddelike handtekening so onnabootsbaar uitwys soos die Januarie-naghemel in hierdie Suiderland. Kyk net ’n slag óp, wys met die vinger en sê verwonderd: Daar is hy! En hý en hý …

n wanneer die son voordag sy verskyning maak, duur dit nie lank nie of jy, aardgebonde skepsel, leer ken jou Heiland opnuut. Die somerson laat jou koes en

skuiling soek, hy is nie jou speelmaat nie. Vir hóm hoef jy nie te soek nie, hy vind jou dadelik – en jy wéét dit. So kom die son op en gaan weer bloeiend onder. En soos gisteraand verskyn die sterre en gaan hul skitterende gang. Alles verloop volgens plan. Volgens Plan. Meestal laat dié voorspelbare patroon geen spoor in ons stoftrappers se gemoed nie. Dit is soos dit hoort, reken ons terwyl ons onder ons elkedagse las voortsteier. Maar soms, net sóms, kyk ons op en sien God se vingerafdrukke in die hemelruim raak. Hoe die

son se dartelende, vuurwarm dans die lug in beweging bring. En snags, wanneer dit milder geword het, hoor jy die ritme in die sterre se vonkelende naglied. Spits dan maar ook jou ore vir die vlerkgeklap van ’n uil of ’n engel. Dalk kom daar ’n boodskap vir jou, vannag nog, spesiaal vir die begin van hierdie jaar. Here in die hemel, God van my hart: Hoor ook mý pryslied. Só wag ek op U. agri MEI/MAY • JUNE ‘17 bladsy/page

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agri Promosie/Promotional

Vindingryke stelsel voorsien veilige drinkwater Terwyl Kaapstad skarrel om aan sy ernstige waterprobleem aandag te gee deur onder meer na ontsoutingsgeriewe te kyk, is die land se aandag al hoe meer toegespits op praktiese oplossings vir waterprobleme wat, volgens voorspellings, in die toekoms al hoe meer gaan voorkom.

ie onaangename waarheid is dat Suid-Afrika een van die water-armste lande ter wêreld is en dat waterkrisisse soos dié wat Kaapstad tans ervaar, van 2020 af al hoe meer kan voorkom. Daarom word daar ook met nuwe oë na watersuiweringstelsels gekyk. Gelukkig is daar uitstekende tegnologie wat al hoe meer ingespan word om oplossings vir water- en soortgelyke krisisse te voorsien. In Suid-Afrika bemark H204Africa nou byvoorbeeld ’n opwindende stelsel vir watersuiwering wat sonkrag vindingryk inspan om suiwer water te verseker. Die eenvoud en doeltreffendheid van dié stelsel, wat van Carocell™-watersuiwerings panele gebruik maak om enige besoedelde water deur sonkrag en natuurlike distillering tot veilige drinkwater te suiwer, val op. Nie alleen kan seewater ontsout word nie, maar die onttrekking van ongewensthede soos E. Coli en arseen, minerale soos chloor en yster en selfs wateroordraagbare siektes kan verseker word. Distillering is reeds herhaaldelik oor die hele wêreld bewys as ’n uiters doeltreffende metode om suiwer water te verseker. Wat die Carocell™-stelsel betref, kan vyf panele vir genoeg liters suiwer drinkwater vir 10 of 20 mense per dag sorg, terwyl 70 panele veilige drinkwater aan ’n klein dorpie van tot 300 mense kan voorsien. Wat dit volgens die verspreiders boonop aanloklik maak, is dat sonkrag-waterplase ten volle outomaties is en die minimum onderhoud vereis.

HOE DIE PROSES WERK Die Carocell™-tegnologie verseker een van die doeltreffendste en koste-effektiefste produkte van sy soort ter wêreld. Die panele benut sonkrag om die water – wat byvoorbeeld seewater, besoedelde

boorgatwater, nywerheidswater of brakwater kan wees – deur sy eie natuurlike siklus te laat verdamp en binne die paneel te kondenseer. Die gedistilleerde water word dus effektief geskei van die nie-gedistilleerde water. Dit is selfs moontlik om die ongedistilleerde water opnuut deur die stelsel te voer of dit kan vir ander gebruike aangewend word. Die stelsel span gravitasiekrag of ’n pomp in om die onsuiwer water deur ’n toevoerpyp aan die bokant daarvan te ontvang. Dié water sirkuleer dan stadig daardeur, die sonkrag verhit die water en dit word dan gekondenseer tot suiwer water sonder enige van die ongewenste stowwe en sout in die geval van soutwater. Druppels van dié natuurlik gesuiwerde water vergaar vervolgens en loop af in ’n opvangseenheid aan die onderkant van die stelsel. Elke paneel sluit waterdigte lae in wat die deurvloei en behandeling van die water moontlik maak. Dit verseker ook die sirkulasie van vogtige lug en die produksie van die kondensaat op die oppervlak van die paneel aan die binnekant. Water wat nie verdamp nie, vloei uiteraard af en uit die paneel en kan uiteindelik as UV-behandelde warm water benut word of weer deur die stelsel gesirkuleer word.

Wat interessant is, is dat die blootstelling van die water aan die ultra-violetstrale en hoë hitte van die sonkrag deur die paneel reeds tot die vernietiging van kieme meewerk.

VOORDELE Sekerlik die belangrikste voordeel van die Carocell™-stelsel is dat dit sonenergie benut en dus bewegende onderdele en elektronika uitskakel. Verder is dit maklik om te installeer (dit neem net sowat 10-15 minute) en vereis lae onderhoud. Die feit dat dit sonkrag gebruik, bied uiteraard ook die voordeel van baie lae bedryfskoste. Elke Carocell™ 3000-paneel, wat ’n oppervlakte van 3m² het en 17 kg weeg, kan vir gemiddeld 15 liter gesuiwerde water per dag sorg – uitgesonderd die benutting van reënwater, wat effektief in ’n praktiese “geut” opgevang word. Elke Carocell™ 2000-paneel van 2m² weeg 15 kg en kan 10 liter gesuiwerde water per dag verseker. Die beskikbaarheid van die sonkrag speel natuurlik ’n rol in die opbrengs. Nog ’n voordeel is dat die verwagte lewensduur van ’n eenheid 10-20 jaar is. Suid-Afrikaners is goed bekend met die Verenigde Nasies (VN) se uitspraak nommer 15 in 2002 met betrekking tot elkeen se reg op genoeg, veilige en bekostigbare water vir persoonlike en huishoudelike gebruik. Waterkrisisse soos wat tans in die land ervaar word, regverdig des te meer die bestaansreg van sulke opwindende, doeltreffende stelsels soos wat Carocell™ bied. Ivan: +27 (0) 82 651 8042 Jacques: +27 (0) 83 628 5543 info@h2o4africa.africa

agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

How smart farming can improve the sustainability and competitiveness of emerging farmers and ultimately transform our agricultural sector

agri Nuus/News

CHRISTO VAN DER RHEEDE, DEPUTY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, AGRI SA

The world of agriculture is changing drastically due to new technological advances. A research paper titled Big Data in Smart Farming written by Wolfert, S et.al., 2016 states that farming processes will become increasingly data-driven and data-enabled. This is because of smart machines and sensors that are used on farms, now and in the future.

apid developments in technology and cloud computing are resulting in farm data growing in quantity and scope, which in turn fuels the phenomenon called smart farming. New buzz words such as cyber-physical farm management cycle, cloud computing, robots, artificial intelligence, smart control, smart analysis and planning, smart sensing and monitoring and big data feature quite prominently within the domain of smart farming. These buzz words relate to the capturing and analyses of massive volumes of data generated by the various technologies deployed on a farm. This data is then used for decision-making processes relating to food production. Such data can be generated through a closed system managed by the farmer or through open, collaborative systems in which the farmer and other stakeholders participate. Each one of these systems are based on a unique or shared data development process and the use of unique or shared application platforms and standards. Machines are equipped with various sensors measuring data in their environment and can modify their behaviour. Using simple feedback mechanisms (e.g. a thermostat regulating temperature) and deep learning algorithms (e.g. to implement the right crop protection strategy), a stream of new data is generated and captured for later use. Combining this with other external big data sources such as weather or market data or benchmarks with other farms and farmers, a new world of smart farming starts to open up for farmers. This will not only enable them to make better, more optimal decisions and improve management control, but may result in improved profitability and efficiency.

many commercial farmers are already using advanced technologies and big data to optimise their production, most emerging farmers are not doing so. This poses a serious risk to the sustainability and competitiveness of small-scale farmers and ultimately any effort to transform the agricultural sector.

In addition, it will help them to reduce costs and even obtain better prices for products. In the past advisory services were based on general knowledge that once was derived from research experiments, but there is an increasing need for information and knowledge that is generated on-farm or in a locally-specific context. It is concerning, however, that while

Challenges faced by emerging farmers Emerging farmers face many challenges. These include: • Acquisition of land rights through tenancy or ownership. Small scale farmers struggle to attain ownership of the land on which they farm. Due to this, access to formal credit is a huge challenge as land cannot be used as collateral.This makes it difficult to get access to production loans and to buy quality seed; • Poor rural infrastructure makes moving produce from rural to urban areas difficult. Knowledge of potential markets and market expectations is limited and in many instances very little if any domestically produced food enters the commercial market channels due to the >>> page 15

agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

agri Nuus/News

<<< page 13 distances from villages to towns; • Farmers rely heavily on rainfall and this exposes them to droughts and floods. The lack of irrigation also makes farmers vulnerable to the negative impacts of climate change.

Helping emerging farmers to overcome challenges According to the BFAP Baseline Agricultural Outlook 2017 – 2026 Report, emerging agriculture in South Africa has received considerable attention from policy makers. There is a shared perception that revitalisation of this sector may be the impetus needed for poverty reduction, food security and economic growth. Although each provincial government implements various initiatives differently, the comprehensive agricultural support programme (Casp) is one of the critical programmes aimed at ensuring the sustainability and commercial viability of emerging farmers and beneficiaries of agrarian reform. Another programme called the Ilima/ Letsema programme aims to support sustainable agriculture and promote rural development for smallholder producers, while the LandCare programme is in place to address land degradation problems and to encourage the sustainable use of natural resources in order to increase productivity and increased food security. Over the years a considerable amount in grant support was transferred to emerging farmers. One would therefore expect smallholder agricultural output to exhibit an upward trend. Unfortunately, due to a lack in post-settlement farmer support, this has not happened. Data from Daff suggests that national smallholder maize production and yields have been rather stagnant over the years. However, the introduction of smart technologies amongst emerging farmers could be of great help to increase output and to instil a greater technological awareness and a more scientific approach to farming. Technological solutions for farmers Tim Sparapani, in an article titled How Big

Data And Tech Will Improve Agriculture, From Farm To Table (2017), is of the opinion that the use of technology does have a dramatic and very positive impact on greater yields. Ultimately it is about sustainable and competitive farming and how technology can help you achieve it. Sensors on fields and crops are already being used to provide granular data points on soil conditions, as well as detailed info on wind, fertiliser requirements, water availability and pest infestations. GPS units on tractors, combines and trucks can help determine optimal usage of heavy equipment. Unmanned aerial vehicles, or drones, can patrol fields and alert farmers to crop ripeness or potential problems. Individual plants can be monitored for nutrients and growth rates. Analytics looking forward and back assist in determining the best crops to plant, considering both sustainability and profitability. Agricultural technology can also help farmers hedge against losses and even out cash flow. These technologies are already available and nothing prevents government to introduce and fund a smart farming strategy for emerging farmers.

Challenges caused by food loss and wastage According to a WWF report titled: Food Loss and Waste: Facts and Futures (2017) South Africa loses approximately 10 million tonnes of food that goes to waste every year. Emerging and commercial farmers can ill-afford such losses. This accounts for a third of the 31 million tonnes that are produced annually in South Africa. Together, fruits, vegetables and cereals account for 70% of the wastage and loss. In South Africa this wastage and loss occurs primarily early in the food supply chain. This may be due to improper storage facilities such as a lack

of refrigeration. The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) has quantified the financial burden of food loss and waste in South Africa at R61,5 billion or 2,1% of the national GDP. Another big concern is wastage at household level. Nahman et. al. found that roughly 0,8% of the national GDP, or R21,2 billion, is wasted by households in the form of food every year. The energy wasted every year in South Africa for producing food that is never consumed is estimated as sufficient to power the City of Johannesburg for roughly 16 weeks. Also notable is the fact that the food products with the highest waste tonnages contribute the least to this overall energy cost. The WWF report states that fruit and vegetables account for 44% of the food waste, but for just 15% of the cost of wasted energy. The wasted embedded water would fill over 600 000 Olympic swimming pools. Given that farming consumes 62% of total freshwater used in South Africa, this is a huge waste of scarce water resources in the 30th driest country on the planet. agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

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agri Nuus/News

Valuation and expropriation: A guide for members ANNELIZE CROSBY, HEAD LAND AFFAIRS, AGRI SA

There seems to be much confusion regarding the role of the Valuer-General and the right to just and equitable compensation in land reform transactions generally. It is important that agricultural landowners know what their rights are and how the different processes work. There are two distinct processes at play here. The first is a voluntary process in terms of the Property Valuation Act of 2014. The second, which may follow the first, is an expropriation in terms of the Expropriation Act.

Property Valuation Act n terms of the Property Valuation Act of 2014, all land acquired by the state for land reform purposes must be valued by the Office of the Valuer-General. This means that whenever a private landowner sells land to the state for land reform purposes, the value will be determined by or under the auspices of the Valuer-General and the basis for the compensation offered will not be market value, but just and equitable value. Draft regulations were published for public comment recently. These regulations attempt to prescribe how valuers are supposed to arrive at a just and equitable value. Essentially, a formula has been proposed whereby the current use value of the property is determined, then the market value and the historical value of any acquisition benefits are determined. Current use value and market value are then added together, and the result divided by two and then the value of any historical benefits such as state subsidies will be subtracted from the figure arrived at. It is important to remember that the landowner is under no obligation to accept the offer made by the state. The Property Valuation Act and its regulations are mere guidelines for the government. If a landowner refuses the amount offered, the state will then have to decide whether it wants to expropriate the property.

Expropriation If the state were to decide to expropriate the property, it can only do so in terms of specific legislation that gives it expropriation powers for a specific purpose. That means that the government will have to anchor the expropriation in a specific piece of legislation that mandates expropriation. The Restitution of Land Rights Act, for example, gives the minister of rural development and land reform expropriation powers for restitution. Similarly, there exist powers of expropriation in the Labour Tenant’s Act, the Extension of Security of Tenure Act and the Provision of Land and Assistance Act. Secondly, the procedures described in the Expropriation Act of 1975 (or the new Expropriation Bill, once it gets enacted), will have to be followed. Where the state decides to expropriate land, an expropriation notice must be served on the owner, by either handing it to the owner or sending it by registered post. The notice must contain a clear description of the property, its size and situation. The date of expropriation must also appear on the notice. Ownership is transferred to the state on the date of expropriation. The owner of the expropriated property is obliged to maintain the property from the date of expropriation to the date when the state takes possession of the property. The owner may continue to use the

property and get an income from it until the state takes possession. The owner should continue to pay taxes on the property as well as meet other expenditures relating to the property until the state takes possession of the property. Compensation is usually offered in the notice of expropriation. The owner must then indicate within 60 days from the date of the expropriation notice whether he accepts the amount of compensation offered. If he is not satisfied with the offer, he should indicate the amount desired and how it is calculated. If no compensation is offered the owner should still indicate within 60 days the amount of compensation desired for the property. Details should be given of all improvements to the land as well as of any leases over the property. The minister may request the owner to deliver his title deed to the minister within 60 days. If the owner requires an amount of compensation which is not acceptable to the minister, the minister may offer a different amount. If the owner is not satisfied with the offer he may, within a period indicated in the notice, apply to the Court for the determination of compensation. Failure to do so will be deemed as acceptance of the amount offered. If the parties do reach agreement over compensation, the minister is obliged to pay at least 80% of the amount to the owner on >>> page 19

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<<< page 17 the day on which the state takes possession of the property. If no agreement can be reached, the High Court will determine the amount of compensation. Any of the parties may make an offer of settlement before the Court makes a ruling. The new Expropriation Bill, which has been referred to Parliament, provides for certain investigation to be done before a decision to expropriate is taken. It requires that a notice of intention to expropriate must be given to a landowner and that such a landowner must be given an opportunity to object to the planned expropriation. It provides for an offer and counter offer for compensation. With regard to the important matter of compensation, section 25(2) and (3) of the Constitution contains the guiding principles. Sections 25(2) and (3) provides as follows: “(2) Property may be expropriated only in terms of law of general application – (a) for a public purpose or in the public interest; and (b) subject to compensation, the amount of which and the time and manner of payment of which have either been agreed to by those affected or decided or approved by a court. (3) The amount of the compensation and the time and manner of payment must be just and equitable, reflecting an equitable balance between the public interest and the interests of those affected, having regard to all relevant circumstances, including – (a) the current use of the property; (b) the history of the acquisition and use of the property; (c) the market value of the property; (d) the extent of direct state investment and subsidy in the acquisition and beneficial capital improvement of the property; and (e) the purpose of the expropriation.” What is critical to understand is that, according to section 25(2), there are only two http://www.fao.org/3/a-i0506e.pdf Expropriation Law in Europe - Edited byJacques Sluymans: Wolters Kluver: 2015 3 Du Toit V Minister of Transport 2006 (1) SA 297 (CC). 1 2

constitutionally compliant ways of arriving at just and equitable compensation – either the parties must agree on the amount, or the time and manner of payment, or the court must decide what is just and equitable. The ValuerGeneral can therefore not decide what is just and equitable if there is a dispute between the parties – only a court can rule on this.

What is just and equitable in terms of compensation? Compensation for land owners who are deprived of their land for land reform purposes must be determined based on considerations of fairness and equity and in line with international best practice. International best practice is based on the principle of equivalence. In 2008 the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations’ Land Ownership Studies Desk published a guide on best practice in the event of forced acquisitions1. In this guide the FAO states, among others, that: “Compensation, whether in financial form or as replacement land or structures, is at the heart of compulsory acquisition. As a direct result of government action, people lose their homes, their land, and at times their means of livelihood. Compensation is to repay them for these losses, and should be based on principles of equity and equivalence. The principle of equivalence is crucial to determining compensation: affected owners and occupants should be neither enriched nor impoverished because of the compulsory acquisition.” Former land claims court judge Antonie Gildenhuys, who is widely considered an expert on expropriation, recently delivered a lecture at the Agri North West congress on land reform. He quoted Professors Sluymans and others2 on the issue of compensation upon expropriation: “The compensation should preferably be ‘full compensation’ in accordance with the equivalence principle: a person’s wealth and income should (as much as possible) be the same before and after expropriation. This entails that the compensation should at least encompass a component … reasonably related to the market value.”

The Land Claims Court, in the matter of Msiza v Uys earlier this year, attempted to bring in a general land reform discount. The court deducted an arbitrary amount of R300 000 from the agreed agricultural market value because the land was taken for land reform purposes. Agri SA joined the appeal proceedings as a friend of the court. The Appeal Court overturned the Land Claims Court ruling and held that no arbitrary deductions can be made from the market value of the property. The Appeal Court held as follows: “[26] There was therefore no justification for stigmatising the Trust’s claim as ‘extravagant’. Nor was there any evidence that the fiscus is unable to pay R1,8 million for the land. In fact, it accepted that the valuation was appropriate. There is similarly no evidence that the State is unable to meet claims of this nature. On the contrary it is the amount the State was willing to pay. [27] There were thus no facts justifying the deduction of the amount of R300 000. The LCC arbitrarily decided on this amount with no rational foundation. The computation was accordingly unfounded and cannot stand.” The Appeal Court also found that market value is the logical starting point in calculating just and equitable compensation. This is in line with the 2006 judgement in the Constitutional Court in the case of Du Toit v Minister of Transport3.

Conclusion Landowners should familiarise themselves with the relevant legislative provisions and should not allow themselves to be coerced into accepting offers of compensation, which do not amount to just and equitable compensation. Arbitrary deductions cannot be made from market value, which should be the starting point. All deductions must be substantiated and the valuation by the Valuer-General is not binding. In the case of an expropriation, any dispute regarding compensation should be determined by the courts.

Drukkersduiwel aan die woel

Johannes Möller en Omri van Zyl (Agri SA) en Gerhard Diedericks (Santam Landbou)

Johannes Möller en Omri van Zyl (Agri SA) en Neel Rust (Laeveld Agrochem)

Die drukkersduiwel het behoorlik feesgevier in ons vorige uitgawe. Daar was twee foutiewe byskrifte by ons kongresberiggewing. Ons stel graag die name van Neel Rust en Gerhard Diedericks reg.

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agri Promosie/Promotional

Suffering from analysis paralysis? Try Vega LEON FOURIE, COMMERCIAL DIRECTOR

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e intended to design a range of products with class leading technical features and honest pricing. This intention was to keep us in business for the long term and give us purpose. It’s proven to be a lot more than we hoped for. It seems we have become the alternative choice in a market where everyone else is fighting to be at the top! Pumps, like politics, are not topics to attempt in light conversation. It turns to heavy talk and dark clouds gather. Once the bloodletting is done, people generally agree that if their number 1’s have caused analysis paralysis.

JUST GO TO VEGA The newest additions to our surface and submersible pump ranges are 4” x 3-phase x 220V motors and DC~AC x 3-phase inverters from 0,75kW to 5,5kW. The electrical enthusiast will notice the contradiction in the description of these products and point out that 3-phase and 220V do not co-exist. The reasoning behind

this concept is the overcoming of the voltage barrier that exists in smaller pump systems when a standard 3-phase 380V motor is utilised. DC voltage in this type of inverter needs to at least match the converted AC output voltage required to power the motor. The lowered motor voltage allows for ease of installation – without having to string together a proverbial football stadium roof worth of PV panels. Talk is cheap, but around R10k buys you the equipment for a complete conversion

of your existing 0,75kW electrical borehole motor installation (including ± 900W of PV panels, inverter and motor), no matter what existing pump is being used. The capability of our 4”range allows you to achieve flows of up to 21m³/h and vertical water lift of up to 300m. This lift is interestingly enough achieved with a 1,5kW motor! Solar pump systems become more relevant every year. If your number 1 has left you paralysed, just go to Vega.

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agri Nuus/News

Vervoer van plaaswerkers: ‘n Komplekse stel reëls JAHNI DE VILLIERS, HOOF, ARBEID EN ONTWIKKELING, AGRI SA

Die vervoer van plaaswerkers kom gereeld onder die loep as ‘n area van bekommernis vir beide boere en hul werkers. Soos dikwels die geval, is iets wat heel onskuldig blyk te wees, naamlik die vervoer van werkers na en van hul werkplek, of selfs tussen werkplekke, ‘n area van geweldige risiko indien dit nie binne die wetsraamwerk korrek benader en bestuur word nie.

ie besigheidsrasionaal wat die besluit om werkers te vervoer onderskryf, moet altyd ook die menswaardigheid asook persoonlike veiligheid van die werkers wie vervoer word, in ag neem. Ingevolge die Wet op Beroepsgesondheid en Veiligheid, word daar ‘n verpligting op ‘n werkgewer geplaas om redelikerwys te sorg dat die werkplek beide gesond en veilig is. Volgens die Padverkeerswet van 1996 moet die voertuig wat vir vervoer gebruik word, padwaardig wees. Dit sluit vragmotors in wat in sommige gevalle gebruik mag word om werkers te vervoer. Die vereiste in so ‘n geval is dat die vragmotor tot op ‘n minimum van 350 mm bo die sit-vlak van die voertuig bedek moet wees, of ‘n minimum van 900 mm indien mense staande vervoer word. Mense en goedere of gereedskap mag nie sonder afskorting vervoer word nie, en geen mens mag in kratte vervoer word nie. Dis van kritieke belang dat werkgewers kennis dra dat geen kinders, sedert Mei 2017, teen vergoeding op ‘n bakkie of ‘n vragmotor vervoer mag word nie. Die bestuurder van die voertuig wat gebruik word, moet oor ‘n wettige rybewys beskik. Indien die voertuig wat gebruik word ‘n bus is (ingerig vir 32 of meer persone), ‘n voertuig wat ingerig is vir 12

Dit sluit seisoenale werkers in. Dit beteken mense (bestuurder ingesluit) of die voertuig dat die werkgewer nie siviel aanspreeklik meer as 3 500 kilogram weeg, of mense gehou kan word vir die beserings van werkers teen vergoeding vervoer word, moet nie, maar sluit nie die moontlikheid van die bestuurder ook oor ‘n Professionele kriminele optrede uit, waar die werkgewer Bestuurderspermit (PrDP) beskik. nie aan wetlike vereistes voldoen het nie ‘n Addisionele permit ingevolge die (padwaardigheid en vervoerpermitte) of waar Nasionale Wet op Landvervoer word vereis die bestuurder nalatig was, of onder die indien mense teen ‘n fooi vervoer word. ‘n invloed bestuur het nie. Boer wat sy werkers in sy eie voertuig vervoer, Verder rus daar ‘n baie groter of selfs die diens uitkontrakteer, word van verantwoordelikheid hierdie vereiste op die bestuurder van kwytgeskeld. Ingevolge die Wet op die voertuig self, waar Alhoewel dit die Beroepsgesondheid en werkers teen vergoeding geval is, kan die Veiligheid, word daar ‘n vervoer word. Waar reëling in enige verpligting op ‘n werkgewer werkgewers so ‘n diens stadium verander geplaas om redelikerwys te verskaf, is dit baie word, en word belangrik dat die korrekte werkgewers sorg dat die werkplek beide tipe versekeringsproduk aangeraai om gesond en veilig is. gebruik word, en nie eerder veilig te bloot persoonlike wees en solank die versekering nie, om voldoende beskerming in sodanige permitte te bekom. Nie-nakoming die geval van ‘n ongeluk te verseker. kan ernstige gevolge soos die skut van die Gegewe die komplekse regsituasie word voertuig en moontlike kriminele vervolging werkgewers aangeraai om te verseker dat inhou. daar aan die wetlike vereistes, soos gestel, Indien ‘n ongeluk sou plaasvind terwyl die voldoen word. Dis ook belangrik om te werkers aan diens was, of sonder vergoeding onthou dat die wetlike vereistes daargestel na of van hul werkplek vervoer is, mag ‘n word om risiko te beperk en veiligheid te eis by Vergoedingskommissaris ingedien bevorder, en juis daarom is die nakoming word ingevolge die Wet op Vergoeding uiters noodsaaklik. van Beroepsbeserings en -siektes (Coida). agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

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The importance of a socio-economic impact assessment report during the public consultation process of draft legislation BY YOLISA MFAISE, LEGAL ADVISOR, AGRI SA

A society’s laws are a formalisation of its values. Laws recognise, reinforce and give permanence to a society’s norms. It is therefore imperative that such laws be enforceable and implementable. In certain instances, this means that there must be adequate resources for such implementation to be possible.

here no or inadequate financial resources have been allocated for the implementation of legislation, such legislation is least likely to achieve the desired objectives. Apart from the financial resources, it is also important to take into account the possible impact of proposed legislation on the society it seeks to regulate. It is for these reasons that a socio-economic impact assessment report (SEIAS) becomes necessary and important for policies, regulations or legislation. While there is no act of parliament governing the process, procuring and drafting of a SEIAS report, cabinet has decided that there is a need for consistent assessment of the socio-economic impact of policy initiatives, legislation and regulations. Therefore, to implement this decision, a cabinet memorandum requires that the approval of draft bills, policies and regulations should include a SEIAS report signed by the SEIAS unit of the department of planning, monitoring and evaluation (DPME). The DPME was tasked with the responsibility of establishing a SEIAS unit to ensure implementation, quality control and capacity support for government officials to draft efficient SEAIS reports; and also, be responsible for ensuring that guidelines and templates for SEIAS are regularly updated. The role of the SEIAS is to minimise unintended consequences that can potentially flow from a particular piece of legislation; and to anticipate implementation risks and encourage measures to mitigate such risks. Therefore, SEIAS reports are expected to assist in improving policy development and decisions. Due to the unequal nature of the South African society, the impact assessments of any legislation must analyse costs and benefits to different groups. Department of Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation SEIAS Guidelines, May 2015 http://www.dpme.gov.za/Pages/default.aspx 1

When should the SEIAS report be made available? During draft bill negotiations, many deliberations are usually held around the procedure of presenting the SEIAS report to stakeholders. It is important that a draft bill, policy or regulation is tabled for public comment, should be accompanied by the SEIAS report to enable stakeholders to make meaningful comments on such bill or regulation; having insight to the socioeconomic implications of such draft bill, policy or regulation. According to the SEIAS 20151 guidelines, the SEIAS distinguishes six main stages in the policy process: • The process is initiated by a decision taken to develop or amend policies, regulations or legislation in order to address an identified social or economic problem. • Once this need has been established, an initial assessment is done involving identification of options for addressing the problem and a rough evaluation of the costs and benefits of each option for different socio-economic groups. • An agreement is made on the basic option and finalisation of the draft policy initiative, regulation or legislation in a process that includes appropriate consultation and continual review of the impact assessment as the proposal evolve. • A final impact assessment provides a detailed evaluation of the likely effects of the legislation in terms of implementation

and compliance costs and the anticipated outcome is developed. • The draft policy initiatives, regulation or legislation is then published for public comment and consultation with stakeholders, WITH the final assessment attached. • The draft and the final assessment are revised based on comment from the public and stakeholders, if required, and the draft policy or regulation is submitted for approval with the final assessment attached. It is important to note from this procedure outlined in the guidelines, that the SEIAS is not a one-off exercise but an ongoing process that is continually developed alongside the draft policies, legislation and/or regulations. Therefore, while the SEIAS indeed does not precede the draft policies, legislation and/ or regulations, it is an integral part of the development process of such policies. Not only is it a requirement in terms of the process of policy development that the SEIAS be publicised for public comment along with the revised policy, legislation or regulation [step 5]; it is also in the best interest of the legislative development process that stakeholders are privy to the SEIAS, engage with its contents in order to make a meaningful contribution through their submissions on the policy, legislation or regulation. It is further in the interest of fair process that the SEIAS be made available during the >>> page 27 agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

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agri Nuus/News

Land debate: The facts are on the table Previously disadvantaged people now own 26,7% of all farmland in South Africa. This is significantly more than the 14%, that this group owned in 1994. White farmers now own 73,3% of farmland compared to 85,1% in 1994.

hese are findings of a comprehen sive land audit done by Agri Development Solutions (ADS) in conjunction with Agri SA and Landbouweekblad. The results of the audit, which focused on agricultural land transactions between 1994 and 2016, were released at Agri SA’s offices in Centurion recently. Agri SA contributed R1 million towards the purchase and processing of deeds office data for the period 1994 to 2010. The audit revealed that the supply-and-demand mechanism – willing seller and willing buyer – does in fact work to bring about successful land reform. Agri SA has long been aware of the need for a land audit. Policy formulation is driven by emotion and perception, rather than facts. Since 2005 nothing has come of the many attempts to facilitate a thorough land audit. Gugile Nkwinti, minister of rural development and land reform, will apparently soon be releasing the results of the government’s land audit.

ADS processed the deeds office data in a scientific manner. The outcome is a database, which indicates the amount of agricultural land purchased and sold, as well as by whom and at what cost, between 1995 and 2016. Agri SA commissioned an external audit to be conducted by the auditing firm Nkonki. The report, recently released, also contains information of the percentage of agricultural land per province transferred to the previously disadvantaged. ADS’s research also considered the value of land and found that 29% thereof is now in the hands of the previously disadvantaged. In some provinces up to 50% of the value of agricultural land is now owned by the previously disadvantaged. ADS’s study also shows an alarming decrease in the amount of available agricultural land in South Africa. In 1994 available farmland totaled 79 million hectares, but this has declined to 76 million hectares. This is worrying, because commercial farmers will have to produce food for an estimated 80 million people

by 2035. Dan Kriek, Agri SA’s president, said that land policy in South Arica has been based on perceptions and emotion instead of facts for far too long. “Sound, sustainable policy formulation must be based on facts. This land audit now provides these facts. Further research will be conducted to determine which types of land reform projects are sustainable and which types fail,” said Kriek. Kriek thanked ADS director Johan Bornmann for the pioneering work he has done with the land audit. Kriek also said the work was in the national interest. Omri van Zyl, chief executive officer of Agri SA, pointed out that the data proved indisputably that market forces can be extremely effective to bring about land reform. Agri SA has developed a financing plan to make the market even more effective and which will help emerging farmers gain access to markets. Agri SA will also develop a land plan which is aligned to the national Development Plan and the Constitution, said Van Zyl.

<<< page 25 consultation process. The assessment report is developed by a sponsoring department; and the department is permitted to utilise services of an independent external expert. Therefore, making the SEIAS available to stakeholders in the stages provided for in the guidelines, allows for objective contribution into the report, and ultimately into the draft policy, legislation or regulation. The drafting department might have a vested interest – political or otherwise – in a certain piece of legislation being passed. Therefore, an objective contribution from relevant stakeholders is of value to the process.

Which legislation does the SEIAS apply to? A socio-economic impact assessment applies to new legislation or legislation to be amended. However, for matters affecting national security, an impact assessment need not be published. It also applies to subordinate legislation that can have a significant impact on society, significant regulations, legislation and policy proposals. Automatic increases in statutory fees and regulations giving effect to budget decisions are exempt from the SEAIS as long as the increase is at or below the headline inflation rate measured by the CPI. However, these

exemptions are subject to assessment and engagement within the sponsoring departments. Various stakeholders of policy, legislation and regulation discussions are often confused about when to release the SEIAS for public consumption. The courts have developed jurisprudence regarding effective public consultation on draft legislation between government and the public. Therefore, from this, an inference can reasonably be drawn that a SEIAS report, where applicable, is a critical component of the public consultation process on draft legislation and ought to be made available during this process.

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Consider agritourism to differentiate the revenue stream PIETMAN ROOS, HEAD, CORPORATE AFFAIRS, AGRI SA

Increasing economic pressure facing South Africa forces us to think of new ways to extract additional value from current activities. The idea of beneficiation, for example, has long been a buzzword in industrial and mineral policy, but realities such as high upfront capital requirements and a lack of technical expertise have put a brake on the broader scheme of this type of development.

alue chain development is the term for similar policy leanings within agriculture and agro-processing. While agroprocessing offers significant opportunities for growing the revenue pool, it is often a chicken-and-egg dilemma as the production surplus needs to be consistent to justify investment into a physical processing plant. Broadly speaking, value chain development at individual farm level requires looking into which assets are available; land, produce and intellectual property, for example, and alternative ways these can be used to generate income. To this end, agritourism presents so-called “low hanging fruit” to many commercial farmers who are looking to differentiate their revenue streams and so doing, lower their risk. Agritourism is defined as rural tourism on productive farms. Most farms have excess land that is not being used for production and agritourism offers a year-round revenue potential that carries a low variable cost and a relatively low initial capital investment.

The tourism sector has fairly low regulatory requirements and it is easy to access potential markets through a variety of online portals. Keep in mind that commercial farms have a unique edge over a pure tourism play, in that the tourism revenue is not the main source of income, so there is also more space to offer competitive rates. It is safe to say that the South African wine industry makes more money, or at least profit, from tourism than actual wine production, although the wine remains quite important in attracting guests. It is necessary to think laterally about such an opportunity and to keep in mind that an owner does not

also have to be the operator. With enough scale, the otherwise time-consuming task of liaising with guests can be outsourced to an operator who also carries some of the risk. Agritourism can go beyond accommo dation to include activities such as cycling routes, camping spots and harvest days, as tourists look for educational and real experiences when going on holiday. It also provides the opportunity to absorb the families of farm workers into employment. Ultimately, agritourism is a conduit to improve communication between urban dwellers and rural communities. The income to be made from hosting a chalet or guesthouse on the corner of a farm will bring about its own demands, but it is relatively easy money (and cash in hand), compared to the vastly more challenging work of commercial farming.

agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

agri Nuus/News

agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

agri Promosie/Promotional

Trusts en boedelbeplanning – die sage gaan voort (DEEL 2) DAVID THOMSON, REGSADVISEUR, SANLAM TRUST

Die twee soorte trusts wat ons in Suid-Afrika kry, testamentêre trusts en inter vivos-trusts, is in die vorige aflewering van dié artikelreeks onder die loep geneem. Eersgenoemde word in ’n laaste wil en testament geskep en tree eers in werking by die stigter se dood. Laasgenoemde word geskep sodra die magtigingsbriewe deur die Meester van die Hoë Hof uitgereik word.

n dié tweede aflewering kyk ons na hoe groot besparings in die praktyk bewerk stellig kan word met betrekking tot die inter vivos-trust (in besonder die diskresionêre trust), wat verskeie voordele bied.

Ter illustrasie: -KLIËNT besit ’n aandeleportefeulje van R10 000 000 BOEDELBELASTING @ 20% = R2 000 000 Eksekuteursfooi: R350 000 + BTW - Plus blootstelling aan alle risiko’s wat hierbo genoem is* - KLIËNT stig ’n trust ten bate van sy familie. Begunstigdes is sy kinders en hul nakomelinge. - KLIËNT verkoop aandeleportefeulje aan die trust vir R10 000 000. TRUST besit aandeleportefeulje - LENINGSREKENING = R10 000 000. TRUSTwaarde is nul Ná 10 jaar word die portefeulje op R20 000 000 gewaardeer. - KLIËNT skenk R100 000 per jaar aan die TRUST vir 10 jaar (Geen skenkingsbelasting is betaalbaar nie) - KLIËNT: bates = R9 000 000. TRUST: R20 000 000*** - By kliënt se dood ná 10 jaar: Boedelbelasting betaalbaar is R1 800 000 (in plaas van R4 000 000***) en eksekuteursfooi is R315 000 op die leningsrekening in plaas van R700 000 op die aandeleportefeulje. - Leningsrekening is afwaarts gewaardeer tot R9 000 000 ná 10 jaar.

Hierdie eenvoudige maar briljante taktiek is ietwat geneutraliseer in die geval van baie diskresionêre trusts waar die uitlener “verbonde” is aan die begunstigdes van die trust**. In wese beteken “verbonde” dat die uitlener aan enige van die begunstigdes van die trust of hul gades verwant is. As gevolg van die instelling van artikel 7C van die Inkomstebelastingwet met ingang van 1 Maart 2017, het die lening soos hierbo beskryf onder die soeklig gekom. Versuim deur die uitlener om ’n markverwante rentekoers te vra, word as ’n

belasbare skenking beskou. Die minimum aanvaarbare rentekoers is die “amptelike rentekoers” (soos omskryf in die sewende bylae), wat tans 8% per jaar is.

In die voorbeeld hierbo werk dit soos volg indien geen rente gevra word nie: • 8% x R10 000 000 = R800 000 geagte belasbare skenking • Skenkingsbelasting: R800 000 x 20% = R160 000 moet deur uitlener/kliënt betaal word • Gestel die R100 000 word op die

• •

eerste dag van elke belastingjaar geskenk (die belastingvrye skenking van R100 000 p.j. sal gebruik word om die kapitaalleningsbedrag te verminder). Jaar 1: R9 900 000 x 8% = R792 000 belasbare skenking Skenkingsbelasting: R792 000 x 20% = R158 400 (in jaar 1) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word Jaar 2: R9 800 000 x 8% = R784 000 belasbare skenking Skenkingsbelasting: R784 000 x 20% = R156 800 (in jaar 2) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word >>> bladsy 35

“In wese beteken ‘verbonde’ dat die uitlener aan enige van die begunstigdes van die trust of hul gades verwant is.” agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

agri Promosie/Promotional

Stewige hupstoot vir Kongskilde Kongskilde Agricultural het groot planne vir Suid-Afrika nadat dié landbou-onderneming vroeër vanjaar deel van CNH (Case New Holland) Industrial geword het. Dit sluit onder meer in die verdere ontwikkeling van sy gerekende Kongskilde-handelnaam in die plaaslike mark en aanloklike toevoegings tot sy bestaande reeks produkte, wat verskeie nisprodukte insluit.

“

ns wil ons sigbaarheid en verteenwoordiging in die grootste markte oorsee en ook hier plaaslik uitbou,” sê Pieter van Graan, verkoopsbestuurder van Kongskilde Agricultural. “Dit sluit in die verdere ontwikkeling van ons spesialistoerusting vir ploeg en plant, hooi maak en meng.” Kongskilde Agricultural se landwye handelaarnetwerk van sowat 70 gaan ook baat by die versterking van Kongskilde Agricultural se verkoop- en diensspanne. “Dit sal ons in staat stel om ons professionele ondersteuning aan plaaslike handelaars nóg meer uit te bou. Om nou saam te werk met New Holland skep ’n goeie basis vir verdere uitbreiding van dié handelsnaam.” Volgens Van Graan is Kongskilde bekend vir sy gehalteprodukte sedert die heel eerste dag wat die groep die landboutoerustingmark betree het. “Dié Deense maatskappy het in 1950 begin met die ontwerp en produksie van sy eie graanblaser, wat groot sukses

agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

behaal het in die graanhanteringsproses. Dieselfde deeglikheid en gehalte is aan sy eerste tandimplemente en later ander landboutoerusting oorgedra.” Kongskilde het in die laat-vyftigerjare begin uitvoer. Die eerste Kongskilde-filiaal was in Duitsland. SA boere het verlede jaar 15,2% van hul totale besteding op kapitaalbates aan implemente, trekkers en voertuie bestee, volgens die jongste ekonomiese oorsig van die direktoraat vir statistieke en ekonomiese ontleding van die departement van landbou, bosbou en visserye. Dit is sowat R65 miljard. Dit is egter ’n baie mededingende mark en gehalte is meestal deurslaggewend in die keuse wat boere maak. Daarom neem hulle ook al hoe meer kennis van Kongskilde se gehalteprodukte.

PRODUKAANBOD Kongskilde Agricultural bied reeds ’n wye reeks produkte aan Suid-Afrikaanse boere. Dit sluit in die Vibro Master-reeks vir

saadbedvoorbereiding, die Vibro Flex-reeks vir stoppelbewerking, die 9100 Vertical Tillage vir grondvoorbereiding, tussenryskoffels, dieetmengers en selfs die nuttige Stone Bear, wat vir die verwydering en optel van klippe ontwerp is. Die Vibro Master 3000 is een van Kongskilde Agricultural se gewilde implemente vir die voorbereiding van saadbeddens. Dié slim ontwerpte implement se vibrerende tande (in werkwydtes van 5,5, 6,5, 7,5 en 8,3m) bied verskeie voordele aan die boer, insluitend dat die grond in dieselfde aksie bewerk en gekonsolideer word. Daarbenewens is daar ’n verskeidenheid tandtipes beskikbaar om uiteenlopende grondtipes mee aan te durf. Kongskilde Agricultural se harke is ook gewild. Hulle is stewig, deeglik getoets oor die jare en bekend vir hul vinnige en maklike hantering. • Tegniese data en pryse is by u plaaslike handelaar beskikbaar. Die volle reeks kan ook besigtig word op die webwerf www.kongskilde.com.

agri Promosie/Promotional

<<< bladsy 33

• Jaar 3: R9 700 000 x 8% = R776 000 belasbare skenking • Skenkingsbelasting: R776 000 x 20% = R155 200 (in jaar 3) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 4: R9 600 000 x 8% = R768 000 belasbare skenking • Skenkingsbelasting: R768 000 x 20% = R153 600 (in jaar 4) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 5: R9 500 000 x 8% = R760 000 belasbare skenking • Skenkingsbelasting: R760 000 x 20% = R152 000 (in jaar 5) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 6: R9 400 000 x 8% = R752 000 belasbare skenking • Skenkingsbelasting: R752 000 x 20% = R150 400 (in jaar 6) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 7: R9 300 000 x 8% = R744 000 belasbare skenking • Skenkingsbelasting: R744 000 x 20% = R148 800 (in jaar 7) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 8: R9 200 000 x 8% = R736 000 belasbare skenking • Skenkingsbelasting: R736 000 x 20% = R147 200 (in jaar 8) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 9: R9 100 000 x 8% = R728 000 belasbare skenking • Skenkingsbelasting: R728 000 x 20% = R145 600 (in jaar 9) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 10: R9 000 000 x 8% = R720 000 belasbare skenking • Skenkingsbelasting: R720 000 x 20% = R144 000 (in jaar 10) moet deur uitlener/kliënt betaal word Dus is totale skenkingsbelasting wat oor 10 jaar betaal is R1 512 000 Rente betaal: Geen rente Boedelbelasting bespaar (potensieel): R2 200 000 Eksekuteursfooi bespaar (potensieel): R385 000

Netto uitwerking: ’n Totale boedel belasting- en eksekuteursfooibesparing van R1 073 000 Al bogenoemde veronderstel dat belasting wette en -koerse nie verander nie. Indien rente teen die toepaslike koers gehef

word (tans 8% p.j.), lyk die prentjie heel anders: Gestel R100 000 word aan die begin van elke belastingjaar geskenk en die uitlener betaal inkomstebelasting teen 45% op die belasbare rente. Die belastingvrye bedrag bly R23 800 p.j. en word elke jaar op hierdie rentestroom toegepas. Die rente moet werklik betaal word. Die rente is nie vir die trust belastingaftrekbaar nie. • Jaar 1: R9 900 000 x 8% = R792 000 rente deur trust betaal • Inkomstebelasting: R768 200 x 45% = R345 690 (in jaar 1) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 2: R9 800 000 x 8% = R784 000 rente deur trust betaal • Inkomstebelasting: R760 200 x 45% = R342 090 (in jaar 2) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 3: R9 700 000 x 8% = R776 000 rente deur trust betaal • Inkomstebelasting: R752 200 x 45% = R338 490 (in jaar 3) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 4: R9 600 000 x 8% = R768 000 rente deur trust betaal • Inkomstebelasting: R744 200 x 45% = R334 890 (in jaar 4) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 5: R9 500 000 x 8% = R760 000 rente deur trust betaal • Inkomstebelasting: R736 200 x 45% = R331 290 (in jaar 5) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 6: R9 400 000 x 8% = R752 000 rente deur trust betaal • Inkomstebelasting: R728 200 x 45% = R327 690 (in jaar 6) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 7: R9 300 000 x 8% = R744 000 rente deur trust betaal • Inkomstebelasting: R720 200 x 45% = R324 090 (in jaar 7) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 8: R9 200 000 x 8% = R736 000 rente deur trust betaal • Inkomstebelasting: R712 200 x 45% = R320 490 (in jaar 8) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word • Jaar 9: R9 100 000 x 8% = R728 000 rente deur trust betaal • Inkomstebelasting: R704 200 x 45% = R316 890 (in jaar 9) moet deur uitlener/ kliënt betaal word

• Jaar 10: R9 000 000 x 8% = R720 000 rente deur trust betaal • Inkomstebelasting: R696 200 x 45% = R313 290 (in jaar 10) moet deur uitlener/kliënt betaal word Dus is totale inkomstebelasting wat oor 10 jaar betaal is: R3 294 900 Skenkingsbelasting: nul Rente wat oor 10 jaar betaal is: R7 560 000 Boedelbelasting bespaar (potensieel): R2 200 000 Eksekuteursfooi bespaar (potensieel): R385 000 Netto uitwerking: Geen besparing nie Sê nou die KLIËNT het eenvoudig die bate (R10 miljoen) in jaar een geskenk en die skenkingsbelasting betaal? Skenkingsbelasting (op R9 900 000): R1 980 000 Ná die genoemde 10 jaar (vir ’n regverdige vergelyking): Boedelbelasting bespaar (potensieel): R4 000 000 Eksekuteursfooi bespaar: R700 000

Netto uitwerking: ’n Totale boedelbelasting- en eksekuteursfooibesparing van R2 720 000 Wat sê dit dus vir ons? Artikel 7C is ’n groot uitdaging maar aangesien dit ’n vorm van welvaartbelasting is (teenoor inkomstebelasting), sal die effektiewe koers waarteen die uitlener belasting sal betaal betreklik laag wees in vergelyking met die situasie waar rente gevra word. Die oplossing is miskien om die bate aan die begin regstreeks aan die trust te skenk (indien die beplanner kan bekostig om die R1,98m te betaal) en al hierdie ingewikkelde inkomstebelasting-implikasies te vermy. Die voorgestelde wysigings vanjaar sal nie hierdie ontleding verander nie, maar beoog om die net wyer te maak om onder meer lenings aan maatskappye in te sluit waar ’n trust die aandeelhouer is. Alles in ag genome, het beplanners advies nodig, en sal ’n begrip van hierdie aspek van belastingwetgewing voortaan nodig wees voordat enige gesprek oor trusts kan plaasvind.

“Alles in ag genome, het beplanners advies nodig, en sal ’n begrip van hierdie aspek van belastingwetgewing voortaan nodig wees voordat enige gesprek oor trusts kan plaasvind.” agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

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BMG’s new slogging tools ensure efficient tightening and loosening of bolts BMG’s extensive range of tools and equipment now encompasses the versatile Slogging Hammer and Wheel Slogger, developed and manufactured locally by precision engineering and tooling specialists Slogging International.

“

he new Slogging Hammer and Wheel Slogger series, which is used to loosen and tighten bolts and nuts quickly and easily, also improves safety for operators,” explains Andrew Johns, business unit manager: tools and equipment of BMG. “There are many advantages of this system over conventional slogging methods. Productivity is significantly improved because downtime is minimal and these tools are handled easily, safely and efficiently by a single operator. When the Slogging Hammer is used in combination with the Wheel Slogger, applications are significantly extended. “The Slogging Hammer was originally designed to improve operator safety when loosening bolts and nuts by traditional methods – hammer and slogging spanner. A wheel version was subsequently developed to improve the operation of pipe and spanner, synonymous with the loosening of commercial vehicle wheel nuts. The Slogging Hammer is suitable for use in diverse industries, including mining, chemical and petrochemical plants, agriculture, construction and civil engineering, as well as in power stations, shipping and offshore oil rigs. This versatile tool, in Wheel Slogger version, enables the safe and effortless loosening of nuts and bolts in earthmoving equipment, as well as military, freight and commercial vehicles,” says Johns. Safety features of the Slogging Hammer include a built-in hand-grip, which means there is no need for the operator’s hand to be near the impact zone and an eye bolt prevents accidents in overhead working conditions. No heavy lifting is necessary, as only the shaft weight needs to be managed. This tool is used easily in confined spaces and in areas that are normally difficult to access. The Slogging Hammer provides greater direct impact, ensuring the job is completed quickly and safely, with fewer blows than with conventional methods. The Slogging Hammer is available from BMG in four size configurations from M16 to M76 and in models for open air, underground, spark free and under water environments. The open air range is constructed with an aluminium tube and steel impact head, while

the spark-free design uses a copper impact head. The under ground range is available in standard with stainless steel tube and steel impact head and also in spark-free with stainless steel tube and copper impact head, ensuring a safe solution for use in potentially BMG’s new Slogging explosive areas Hammer and Wheel in underground Slogger series, which is mining, power used to loosen and tighten stations and bolts and nuts quickly and easily, also improves petrochemical safety for operators. There industries. are many advantages The of this system over underwater conventional slogging configuration methods. Productivity is for marine significantly improved because downtime is enterprises and minimal and these tools offshore oil rig are handled easily, safely operations has and efficiently by a single a stainless steel operator. When the tube, handle Slogging Hammer is used and impact in combination with the head and a Wheel Slogger, applications are significantly extended. nylon nut. Only one diver is required to complete the task. Slogging Hammers are supplied by BMG in an optional convenient carry bag. A range of OEM compliant spanners and accessories, including ¾ of an inch and 1 inch socket extensions is also available, as well as wearing part spares, including bobbins, retaining rings, pins and impact heads. When a Slogging Hammer is applied in the Wheel Slogger variation, a single operator is able to safely loosen, tighten and torque wheel nuts for the quick release and replacement of the damaged tyre.

The operator can also be confident that the torque applied meets the manufacturer’s specifications and the risks associated with overtightening are mitigated. Standard torque settings are 450, 550, 600 and 650 Nm, but custom torques up to 1 000 Nm can be accommodated on request. This system has been well received by all facets of the transport sector, particularly on large trucks, buses, long distance haulers, agricultural and military vehicles. With this system, there is minimal downtime and there is no need to incur the costs of calling for assistance to change wheels. The Wheel Slogger has a built-in footplate for operation on any surface. All torque settings on the tool are controlled by OEM specified torque clips, which means no calibration is required, even after years of usage. BMG’s extensive range of tools and related equipment is used to enhance reliability of equipment in all industries. The company’s extensive branch network offers a technical advisory and support service to ensure the correct product is selected for each specific application. agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

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Standard Bank breaks new ground in agri business funding with TWK and Land Bank A R1,8 billion restructure in which Standard Bank has partnered with agribusiness, TWK, and Land Bank has created a new debt funding model for the agricultural sector. The model paves a way for the corporatisation of agribusinesses to accelerate their growth.

he transaction is a first in agricultural finance in terms of the collaboration in a syndicated loan to TWK between Standard Bank as a commercial financial services provider and Land Bank as a parastatal financer. It is also a first in terms of Standard Bank and TWK working together to restructure TWK’s balance sheet in a way that enables the bank to apply its financial insight from the corporate business world to agriculture’s unique operating environment. The 77-year-old business: TWK, which recently listed on ZAR X, South Africa’s second stock exchange in 58 years, provides a broad range of products and services to its stakeholders. Its divisions include timber, grain, trade and mechanisation, financial services, and vehicles and tyres. The potential rewards from investing in TWK Investments Ltd seem to be high. With a turnover in excess of R7 billion and net asset value of more than R1 billion, the shares of TWK Investments trades at a substantial discount to net asset value. It is forecast to grow its bottom line for the 2017 financial year considerably from the high base of the previous year and the shares trade on a low price-to-earnings ratio. The company’s physical assets include fertiliser blending plants, trade outlets, maize and animal feed mills, two grain silo complexes, plantation farms, a wood chipping plant, a treated timber plant, lumber and mining timber sawmills, charcoal production facilities, a forestry seedling nursery, fuel service stations, and vehicle dealerships. “All credit must go to the visionary approach TWK’s board has taken in initially realising that they needed to structure the business differently in order to capitalise on the growth the company has already experienced and then in approaching us for our input as to how best to achieve that,” says Standard Bank Head of Agribusiness, Nico Groenewald.

“TWK was prepared to change its financial model which made it possible for a commercial bank like Standard Bank to work together with the Land Bank and in combination create an optimal debt funding structure. The funding model is ideally structured and can be scaled as the TWK business grows”. Mr Groenewald believes that the new debt structure is aligned with TWK’s growth strategies, enhanced the balance sheet of the company and is a perfect balance between the optimal financing mechanism and financing products. This reduce risk and create an ideal opportunity to invest in TWK’s equity as listed on ZAR X. The TWK transaction is expected to be a watershed in investment in agriculture. Until now, because Mr Groenewald, Standard Bank Head of of its unique operating Agribusiness environment and the way it has been managed, “If other agri businesses agriculture has not provided many opportunities for take a similar approach to individual, institutional, or TWK in gearing themselves broad-based investors. for growth, agriculture “If other agri businesses could become an extremely take a similar approach to attractive passive investment TWK in gearing themselves option.” for growth, agriculture could become an extremely attractive passive investment option,” Mr Groenewald says. willingness to innovate is a clear indication “We have also been delighted to work that the industry as a whole is moving in an with Land Bank in pro-actively looking for extremely positive direction.” different, more effective ways of funding agriculture. In this particular transaction, as a non-commercial entity, Land Bank’s

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TODAY’S FARMERS KNOW MORE THAN JUST FARMING.

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Westend Landgoed kraai koning in die Santam Landbou Nasionale Kuilvoerkompetisie Die Santam Landbou Nasionale Kuilvoerkompetisie word jaarliks deur Veeplaas en Stockfarm aangebied en is vanjaar vir die vierde keer gehou. Die doel van die kompetisie is om by te dra tot die bevordering van goeie kuilvoerpraktyke.

ie kompetisie het gegroei van agt maatskappye in die eerste jaar, met sewe nuwe maatskappye wat hul kliënte se bunkers ingeskryf het. In 2017 is 77 inskrywings deur 16 maatskappye ontvang en was 79% in die mieliekuilvoerkategorie en die res in die hawer- en voersorghumkategorieë. Tot op datum is 173 bunkers mieliekuilvoer die afgelope vier jaar ingeskryf en het dit uiteindelik 82% van die datastel uitgemaak.

Kategoriewenners Deelnemers het vanjaar in drie kategorieë meegeding om die titel van kuilvoerkoning, naamlik mieliekuilvoer, voersorghumkuilvoer en hawerkuilvoer. Die wenner in die mielie-kategorie was Westend Landgoed, terwyl die voersorghum kategoriewenner Sparta Baby Beef van Marquard is. Die hawerkategorie is deur Danie Louw van Klipheuwel in die Wes-Kaap gewen. Gerhard Diedericks, hoof van Santam Landbou, het die kategoriewenners se sertifikate tydens die konferensie oorhandig. Tydens die konferensie is die uitslae en die data wat deur die toetse gegenereer is, bespreek asook watter tendense afgelei kan word. Elke deelnemer ontvang ook ’n verslag waarin elk van sy bunkers se uitslae vervat is, tesame met die kompetisie se statistieke. Een van die hoogtepunte tydens die ALFA 2017-dinee was die bekendmaking van die kompetisie se algehele wenner, die 2017 Santam Landbou-kuilvoerkoning – Westend Landgoed van Hano en Imke Lombard. Die Lombards bedryf ’n gediversifiseerde boerdery

naby Morgenzon in Mpumalanga. Hulle is deur die maatskappy, Vitam International, ingeskryf vir die kompetisie. Tydens die oorhandiging aan die Lombards het Diedericks gesê dat Santam Landbou trots is op hulle assosiasie met die kompetisie. Hy het ook die belangrikheid van die kompetisie soos volg verduidelik: “As ons die nasionale beraamde kuilvoerproduksie van ongeveer 9 miljoen ton (nat) gebruik en die prys per ton R500 maak, sal ’n skamele 3% verbetering in kuilvoerproduksiemetodes ’n besparing van R135 000 000 beteken.” Vanjaar was ook die eerste keer dat landbouskole aan die kompetisie kon deelneem, danksy Santam Landbou, wie self die landbouskole se inskrywings behartig het. Die wenner in vanjaar se skolekompetisie was Hoërskool Bekker, wat ’n punt van 55,8 in die mieliekuilvoerkategorie behaal het.

Positiewe groei Die twee grootste faktore wat steeds tot kuilvoerverliese lei, is swak kompaksie van die boonste laag en kuilvoermielies wat te vroeg gesny word en dus te nat is. Dit is opmerklik dat die kuilvoer wat ingeskryf word, jaarliks verbeter. Daar is ook ’n baie klein punteverspreiding tussen

Links is Danie Louw van die plaas Eensgezind by Klipheuwel in die Wes-Kaap, wat die wenner was in die kategorie vir hawerkuilvoer. Hier is hy saam met prof Robin Meeske, voorsitter van die kompetisie se protokolkomitee, tydens ’n plaasbesoek.

die tien finaliste. Die data wat die afgelope vier jaar gegenereer is, toon ook dat die kompetisie beslis ’n positiewe uitwerking op die verbetering van kuilvoerpraktyke in die land het. In 2014 het die wenner ’n punt van 64 aangeteken en in 2017 was die wenpunt ’n hele 84. Baie dankie aan elke deelnemer wat jaar ná jaar inskryf en ’n onskatbare bydrae maak tot die insameling van data wat vir die bedryf van groot waarde is.

“As ons die nasionale beraamde kuilvoerproduksie van ongeveer 9 miljoen ton (nat) gebruik en die prys per ton R500 maak, sal ’n skamele 3% verbetering in kuilvoerproduksiemetodes ’n besparing van R135 000 000 beteken.” Gerhard Diedericks, Hoof

Sello Ntjoboko van Sparta Baby Beef (regs) ontvang hier hul sertifikaat as wenners van die voersorghum-kategorie in die 2017 Santam Landbou Nasionale Kuilvoerkompetisie van Gerhard Diedericks, hoof van Santam Landbou.

van

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Van links is Richardt Venter, mede-koördineerder van die kompetisie, Gerhard Diedericks, hoof van Santam Landbou, die naamborg van die kompetisie, en Hano en Imke Lombard van Westend Landgoed. Westend het die mieliekuilvoer-kategorie gewen.

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Continued instability and uncertainty could change optimism

agri Nuus/News

HAMLET HLOMENDLINI, SENIOR ECONOMIST, AGRI SA

Despite a hostile operating environment, farmers represented by Agri SA, remain optimistic about the future of agriculture in South Africa.

his came to light at Agri SA’s recent annual congress when attendees (most of which were farmers) were asked several questions, including a question about their sentiments about the future of agriculture in South Africa. Using connector devices to choose from three response choices (positive, concerned and negative), 58,2% indicated that they were positive about the future of agriculture, 37,4% indicated they are concerned and 4,4% indicated that they were feeling negative. While farmers’ sentiments about agriculture in South Africa remain positive, this perception could change if instability and uncertainty continue. Apart from other challenges, the agricultural sector is confronted with, among others, the recent

and persisting drought, avian flu (which both rendered some farming operations to complete bankruptcy and left some under enormous financial pressure) and uncertainty around land. The sector also suffers from the disruptions that come as result of lack of good governance and ethical principles from government’s side. We must remember that the agricultural sector plays a crucial role in ensuring that national food security requirements are fulfilled to meet the dietary needs and food preferences of people in order to lead an active and healthy life. In addition, the sector is a lever for economic growth and a significant generator of employment in South Africa. However, lack of stability, certainty, good governance and ethical principles, which are all pre-requisites for business confidence, can have an enormous adverse impact on

food security and the sustainability of the whole Hamlet Hlomendlini agricultural value chain. The farming community has noted with great concern the recent cabinet reshuffle by President Zuma. Although the ministry of agriculture, forestry and fisheries was not affected, changing the minister of energy for the second time this year is concerning for the farming community and many businesses that rely heavily on energy for their operations. Not only does this reshuffle undermine the efforts made by business (including farmers) to bring about economic stability and job creation, but it also takes the country back another step and is delaying the finalisation of a sustainable and affordable energy solution for the country. Lastly, the fact that this is the twelfth cabinet reshuffle since President Zuma took office in 2009, is testimony that the current government under his leadership has no interest in creating a muchneeded economically and politically stable environment in the country. Most of these reshuffles were neither rational nor logic but were used as a tool to advance corrupt dealings and to settle political scores. South Africa needs policies that will rebuild confidence in the economy, not create political war. However, it is now clear that as long as President Zuma remains at the helm of this country, the confidence that the business fraternity seeks will remain a pie in the sky.

Jy kan ‘n verskil maak Die Marlow Landbouskool aan die oewers van die Groot Visrivier is net 10 km buite Cradock in die Oos-Kaap geleë. Dié skool kweek reeds sedert 1931 ‘n liefde vir boerdery by kinders. Volgens Deon Gerber, ‘n onderwyser by die skool, is daar seuns by die skool wat uit enkelouegesinne kom en dikwels nie ‘n pa het. “Hulle wil graag hier kom skoolgaan en wil eendag boer, maar het dikwels nie genoeg geld nie.” Gerber sê dat die skool ‘n beursskema in die lewe geroep het om hierdie seuns te help. “Ons vra boere en ander belangstellendes om so ‘n vaderlose leerder per jaar by Marlow te borg, al is dit ook net gedeeltelik. Ons sal dan so leerder grootmaak vir ‘n moontlike beroep in die borg se maatskappy of op die borg se plaas. Die borg kan bepaal wat die kriteria moet wees. Daar is verskeie belastingvoordele vir borge,” sê Gerber. Navrae: Tel 079 890 8624 of marlowbemarking@gmail.com agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

In this series of articles, Agri is in discussion with Dr Gerhard Backeberg, executive manager: water utilisation in agriculture of the WRC, in order to obtain information on water use and what the WRC is doing for investment of funds in water research.

Many irrigation farmers in South Africa pay an annual research levy to the Water Research Fund in respect of water used for irrigation on scheduled land. This fund is dedicated to financing the activities of the Water Research Commission (WRC) to support and undertake research on the use of water for agricultural, industrial and domestic purposes. The levy on irrigation water is, however, not the only source of income for the fund: Levies on water use for urban, industrial and domestic purposes makes by far the biggest contribution.

Developing drought risk indicators for drought management in South Africa Agri: Drought occurs as a regular natural phenomenon in South Africa. What knowledge is available to improve drought management at farming and national level? Backeberg: The past drought, still persisting in many parts of the country, created awareness of the critical effects of a prolonged drought and the risks of water and food shortages. Drought classification and the application of drought indicators are essential elements in drought monitoring and drought management. Drought classification has normally been based on certain indicator thresholds that provide a framework for drought management. The main objective of research led by Prof Andries Jordaan at the University of the Free State was to propose adaptation and coping strategies for drought risk based on drought risk assessments for the rain-fed farming sector. This included both commercial and communal subsistence farmers and considered risk as a function of hazard, economic/social/ecological vulnerability, adaptation and coping capacity or resilience. The Eastern Cape is one of the regions most suitable to compare drought vulnerability, adaptation, coping and resilience of commercial and communal subsistence farmers, based on the historical demarcation of communal areas. Large areas of the Eastern Cape are still managed by tribal authorities with mainly common property right systems. These areas are interspersed with commercial farms with well-defined

individual or private property right systems. The Eastern Cape also covers different rainfall zones with annual precipitation of 1 000 mm in the eastern coastal zones to less than 350 mm per annum in the western part of the province. Three districts with the largest diversity were selected as study areas, namely Cacadu, OR Tambo and Joe Gqabi. The main outputs of the research have been a better understanding of drought and its corresponding vulnerabilities, coping mechanisms and adaptation strategies in the commercial and communal farming sectors. The following specific outputs were delivered: Hazard assessment per quaternary catchment in the designated area (this included drought probability, intensity and severity based on meteorological data); identification and measurement of vulnerability indicators to drought for the rain-fed commercial and small-scale communal farming sectors; calculation of drought risk based on hazard, vulnerability, adaptation and coping mechanisms; identification of adaptation strategies and coping mechanisms for drought in both commercial and communal sectors; and provision of a web-based information tool for drought risk management in the selected area. Extension officers, farmers and other role players could use this tool for drought risk planning, for transferring knowledge regarding drought risk assessment, vulnerabilities, adaptation and coping strategies to extension officers and farmers. Finally, guides were compiled to develop a

national and uniform drought management plan for South Africa. The national drought task team of South Africa accepted the proposed drought indicators as a basis for advisories and the department of agriculture, forestry and fisheries (DAFF) and the national disaster management centre (NDMC) should now formalise the use of these indicators. The proactive approach towards drought management emphasises the need for coordination and collaboration among all role players. This includes coordination among monitoring agencies in terms of reliable early warning information and providing comprehensive forecasts to farmers, agri-businesses and agricultural policy advisors, amongst others. Collaboration at national and provincial level amongst mainly DAFF, the NDMC, provincial departments of agriculture and provincial disaster management centres, the department of water and sanitation (DWS), and the South African weather service (SAWS) is essential in this regard. The WRC published research reports (Numbers TT 716/1-2/17 consisting of two volumes: Volume I deals with the literature study and hazard assessments. Volume II consists of the drought risk, vulnerability and coping capacity assessments for communal and commercial farmers, loss functions, drought indicators and a proposed framework for drought management plans. These reports can be ordered free of charge from the WRC.

Visit the Water Research Commission’s webpage www.wrc.org.za for more information and/or ordering of research reports Tel: 012 761 9300. Fax: 012 331 2565 Email: wrc@wrc.org.za Private Bag X03, Gezina, Pretoria 0031 agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

Dr Gerhard Backeberg

agri Water

Farm-Ag International kombineer jarelange kennis en ondervinding van die landbou chemiese sektor met passie en toewyding. Die aanbied van beproefde gewasbeskermings oplossings teen mededingende pryse is nie al wat ons doen nie, MAAR dit is wĂe ons is. Dit is hoekom ons trots is om Farm-Ag produkte aan alle landbouprodusente te verskaf.

FARM-AG INTERNATIONAL (PTY) LTD. â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;n Vlak twee bydraer tot B-BBEE en ISO 9001:2008 Gesertifiseerde Maatskappy Durban - Tel: +27(0)3100 33 486 | Pretoria - Tel: +27(0)12 548 0055/+27 (0)71 422 3258 | Kaap - Tel: +27(0)60 509 7377 info@farmag.co.za | www.farmag.co.za

agri Uit ‘n ander hoek

Jaap Steyn het op sy dag die sweep oor Sentraalwes Koöperasie geklap. Die goedige Jaap Steyn het geglo ‘n man moet altyd van elke ding liefs ‘n spaarding hê. Want, as die een die gees gee, dan het jy die ander.

is wat my skielik aan hom laat dink het toe ons Franse motorkar op ‘n gegewe oomblik, tussen die duiwel en die diep blou see, ‘n boodskap, nogal in Engels, uitgestuur het: “Card not detected.“ Hoe meer ek die aansitkaart probeer het, hoe meer het ek dieselfde boodskap gekry. En die spaarkaart was veilig, ver daarvandaan, in die kluis in die huis toegesluit. Hét ek verlang na die goeie oue tyd toe ons nog motorsleutels gehad het waarmee jy die kar kon aansit, of toe jy sommer die twee drade agter die sleutelknop kon “short“. Toe die Franse nog ou en nuwe tegnologie bymekaar gehou het, het hulle die Citroën, wat ons sommer ‘n Baberbek genoem het, so gemaak dat jy hom aan die brand kon slinger as die battery op ‘n yskoue wintermore die gees gegaf het. En vir ‘n pap wiel was daar ook praktiese raad – haal ‘n agterwiel af en ry op drie wiele. Dan het jy immers nog ‘n spaar-noodwiel gehad soos Jaap Steyn gesê het! Ten spyte van die wonderlikhede van tegnologie, verstaan ons wat dit gebruik, al meer geen snars daarvan die oomblik wat dit skielik nie meer kan doen wat dit moet doen nie. As daar boonop nie elektriese krag is nie, gaan staan alles doodstil en ons daarmee saam. Nog nooit in die geskiedenis was

Spring daarvandaan na vandag se ons so vasgevang in die wurggreep van verbysterend gerekenariseerde rusper tegnologie as vandag nie. bandtrekkers toe en die boer kan ampers Tegnologie span vandag die grensdrade maar pyp op die stoep sit en rook terwyl van die moontlike waarbinne ons beweeg. hy kyk hoe boer die trekker. ‘n Goeie Elke nuwe tegnologiese deurbraak verskuif begrip van die trekker se werking is nog die grensdraad na ‘n nuwe horison. Nie nie al wat nodig is om te weet wat om te alleen doen ons dinge vinniger, beter en doen wanneer iets iewers skort nie. Die verreweg suksesvoller op terreine waarop meganika en die brein wat die trekker ons nooit tevore sou kon beweeg het nie. dryf is so inmekaar verweef dat die trekker Maar ons raak toenemend afhanklik van soos ‘n mobiele ‘n groeiende menigte rekenaar op wiele ondersteunende geword het, wat spesialiste wat elkeen “Ten spyte van die so naastenby op sy ‘n inset moet lewer wonderlikhede van tegnologie, eie dink en doen, om ons boerdery verstaan ons wat dit gebruik, op ‘n manier wat klopdisselboom op al meer geen snars daarvan slegs spesialiste alle tegnologiese goed begryp en vonkproppe te die oomblik wat dit skielik nie kan reghou met laat vuur. meer kan doen wat dit moet diagnostiese Neem nou maar doen nie. As daar boonop nie tegnologie wat nie in die boerdery elektriese krag is nie, gaan hoef te raai nie. die ysterwielstaan alles doodstil en ons Kortom: ons is stoomtrekkers van teen wil en dank toeka se dae. Nooit daarmee saam.” in ons daaglikse ‘n wiellek nie en die werk vandag slawe wiel was so goed van tegnologiese programsisteme. Hoe as vir die leeftyd van die trekker bedoel. meer sisteme jy die slaaf van word, hoe Die trekkers het nog gereedskapskaste meer vermag jy met tegnologie wat meeste met gereedskap gehad. Boere kon hulle dinkwerk snel vir jou doen. Ons daaglikse maklik self van voor tot agter behartig. lewe word die bestuur en beheer van En bowendien was die dieselprys geen antwoorde wat programtegnologie aan faktor nie. Ook nie batterye om oor te ons verskaf. En ook dít is ons op ‘n manier bekommer nie. besig om prys te gee aan robotte wat self begin dink en doen. Die verbasendste van alles is dat ons vanaf die vroegste eeue al die stoffasie tot ons beskikking gehad het wat nodig is om vandag se tegnologie aan te dryf. Wetenskappioniers moes dit net ontdek. En baie dae voel dit of ons nog maar net aan die begin van hierdie ontdekkingsreis is. Robotte dreig om ons menswees, onder die invloed van tegnologiese vordering, mee te voer na ‘n nuwe wêreld waarin ons al hoe meer na die pype van robotte gaan dans, of glad nie dans nie. Jy ry óf met ‘n robottaxi óf jy loop met jou voete. Iets om so stilweg in jou spaartyd oor te mymer van waar ons gaan inpas by alles wat tegnologies nog voorlê. agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

agri Wyn/Wine

Cassie du Plessis

Die proe van ’n ongewone rooiwyn met ’n ongewone naam het my opnuut laat peins oor die sonde van cinsaut – die feit dat hierdie kultivar, wat groot impak op die ontwikkeling van Kaapse wyn gehad het, later erg afgeskeep was en amper in dekadensie verval het – tot ’n herlewing daarvan so vyf jaar gelede.

Cinsaut se sondes word vergewe

2016 (89) en Sauvignon Blanc maande in gebruikte 300 liter-vate y jongste openbaring daarmee 2017 (89). te verouder voor finale meng, was danksy ’n fassinerende Vir meer alledaagse wat beteken dat dit nie te veel naam, Rietvallei Dark Cin genieting is daar die oulike, houtkarakter kry nie en varsheid 2016, wat ek later sou uitvind bekostigbare tweede etiketbehou. Die wyn bied ’n amper die tweede uitreiking van hierdie reeks, die John B-wyne, genoem elegante karakter, met wenke van nommer was. Volgens wynmaker-eienaar van na wyle Johnny Burger, Kobus sjokolade en ligte spesery. hierdie Robertsonse landgoed, Kobus Burger, se vader wat die vyfde geslag “Maar jy het hiermee ’n wou hy die klem met die benaming laat val eienaar van hierdie familiebemarkings- en bekendstellingsop die relatief donker kleur vir sy cinsautlandgoed was. Ene Alewyn job. Mense moet gewoond raak skepping, wat eintlik daarvoor bekend is dat Burger het in 1864 die plaas vir aan sy karakter; hulle weet nie dit na ’n ligter kleur neig, amper soos die sy seun Koos Burger gekoop, wat om te verwag nie. Jy kry nie groot Boergondiese kultivar pinot noir. wat in 1908 muskadel-wingerd baie tanniene of vrankheid nie, Anders as pinot, wat saam met cinsaut aangeplant het, waarvan en goeie kersievrug op die neus (of cinsault of hermitage) die ouers van die die baie spesiale Rietvallei en smaak. ’n Maklik drinkbare unieke Suid-Afrikaanse kruising was om 1908 Muskadel vandag nog of toeganklike wyn ondanks ’n pinotage te skep, het hy egter ’n stiefkind gemaak word. Dít benewens stewige 13% alkohol; goed met geword wat op groot skaal uitgekap is, maar die voortreflike koperkleur Rooi ligte geregte en vir somergenieting, wat nou weer deur ’n nuwe geslag jonger, Muskadel 2016 – die basis van sommer met ’n blokkie ys meer gewaagde wynmakers herontdek en die gewilde Rietvallei-koktyl van as jy wil.” gepromoveer word. muskadel op gekerfde aarbei Ja, dalk ’n bietjie dekadent, Kobus tel onder hierdie garde en het selfs en fyn ys. maar op die etiket word hy mos die cinsaut-druiwe daarvoor in 2011 op die Dark Cin 2016 Ja, in toeka se dae was beskryf as “uniquely dark and landgoed aangeplant, nadat sy voorsate se muskadel groot in die Breëriviervallei, terwyl decadent ... with a touch of the mysterious”. wingerd van hierdie kultivar uitgekap was. cinsaut die hoogste produksie rooi kultivar Jy koop Dark Cin van die kelder teen “Ons is mos nie juis main stream nie. Dit in die land was, veral gebruik in meer R95 per bottel, terwyl dit ook landwyd in was vir my ook ’n nuwigheid aan die begin, kommersiële, alledaagse en dalk boring drankwinkels beskikbaar is. waarmee ek geëksperimenteer het om vas rooiwyne, sowel as port en rosé. Maar in die Onlangs saam met hom uitgereik was te stel watter rigting ek daarmee moet loop stilligheid was dit die geheime bestanddeel in die ewe mooi Rietvallei Chenin Blanc 2017, ... of ons dit dalk vir rosé moet gebruik, of in ikoniese rooies. van die kultivar wat saam met chenin in die versnitte om vrugtigheid te bevorder. Dit bring Chateau Libertas het oor die jare vorige eeu die ruggraat van die plaaslike goeie vrug, maar jy moet oppas dat die kleur gewys hoe goed dit kon verouder met ’n wynbedryf gevorm het. Rietvallei het nou nie te lig uitdraai nie. groot cinsaut-komponent, terwyl dit ook ’n ook die pad geloop om “Ons doen goed met spesiale rol gespeel het in Alto Rouge, Uitkyk hierdie werkesel, die mees ’n cinsaut-shiraz-versnit Ja, dalk ’n bietjie dekadent, Carlonet, Schoongezicht en Rustenberg se aangeplante kultivar in die in ons handelsmerk vir maar op die etiket word hy droë rooi – en natuurlik Tassenberg. land, spesiale behandeling die buitelandse mark, mos beskryf as “uniquely dark Cinsaut is egter uitgewerk deur merlot te gee met ’n tikkie Burger Family Vineyards. and decadent ... with a touch as “versagter“ toe Bordeaux-versnitte houtkontak – wat ’n droë, Dit bring ook goeie vrug of the mysterious”. mode geraak het. Daar’s egter ’n nuwe vrugtige en komplekse wyn na cabernet, maar dan geslag “rebelse“ wynmakers wat opmaak opgelewer het met aromas moet jy dit onder die vir cinsaut-sondes van die verlede – veral van droë appel en ’n toegelate 15% hou voor jy uit die Swartland onder die aansporing tikkie houtspesery. dit volgens ons oorsprongstelsel op die etiket van buur-wynmakers Eben Sadie en Jy kan gerus ook uitkyk vir die volgende moet aandui,” sê Kobus. Adi Badenhorst, wat die eerste gesogte Rietvallei-wyne wat besonder hoë punte uit Hy maan dat jy egter nie van die cinsaut Platter’s-vyfstertoekennings losgeslaan het 100 gekry het in ’n beoordeling deur die ’n cabernet moet probeer maak nie. “Eerder vir cinsaut – vir die Sadie Family Pofadder prominente Britse wynskrywer Tim Atkin in ’n ligter vrugtige wyn, amper soos pinot noir.” 2013 (2015-uitgawe) en AA Badenhorst sy “SA Spesiale Verslag”: JMB Cabernet Hy is baie gelukkig met die balans, vrug Family Wines Ramnasgras cinsault 2014 Franc 2015 (92), Estéanna Rooi 2015 (92) en kleur van die Dark Cin, wat hy geskep (2016-uitgawe). Cabernet Sauvignon 2015 (91), Estéanna Wit het deur ’n 60%-porsie van die wyn vir agt agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

agri Promosie/Promotional

What improper moisture management means for your grain There are a host of challenges that no one in the agricultural industry ever wants to face. Disease, infestation and discarded crops, to name only a few.

n agriculture, prevention is certainly better than cure, with failure to effectively manage grain resulting in the loss of time, and other costly resources. That is why quality control, crop hygiene and the implementation of agricultural systems and technologies is so imperative in ensuring a prosperous farming venture. With moisture content being one of the main grading factors in grain, not managing moisture properly, by having effective drying and storing practises in place, can have devastating consequences.

Overall loss of grain quality Although a high moisture content does not always directly reduce the quality of all grains, it sets a foundation for the manifestation of factors that certainly do. There are natural drying methods that can be used for moisture control, but while these methods may be more affordable from the onset, their unpredictable nature could cost far more in the long run. Methods such as field drying leave crops exposed to natural threats such as weather fluctuations, rodents, wild animals, insects, and birds. It also delays the entire clearing process, limiting production abilities. Shallow layer natural drying is labour intensive with daily manual processes, and as with using ventilated structures for natural drying, it is not very

agri DES/DEC ‘17 • JAN ‘18 bladsy/page

effective for larger operations.

Mould This pesky infestation is the first thing that comes to mind when one thinks of moisture, and it is no different when it comes to grain. Storing grain that has not gone through the correct drying process is highly likely to result in mould, causing the propagation of disease and toxins that could deem your grain unusable. Insect infestation Depending on your climate, insect infestation will always be a threat – but not maintaining the correct moisture content will increase the chances of infestation considerably, also creating ideal breeding conditions for many insect species. Loss of germination The germination ability of the seed from stored grain will reduce considerably depending on the moisture content. Other factors caused by moisture, such as mould and insect infestation, also have a negative effect on germination ability. Active respiration (which increases with moisture content) is what causes the nutritional reserves used by the seed to germinate, to be depleted. Prevention In order to ensure that grain is not spoiled

by high moisture content, farmers need to ensure that the correct drying and storage processes are in place. As previously mentioned, although there are natural drying methods, these methods are outdated and ineffective in comparison to newer methods available, such as using a bin-dryer to manage moisture in grain, and using the correctly specified aeration (moving air through grain) in your storage bins. Using a bin-dryer system, such as the Ultra-Dry Drying Bin System by SBS Agri, has several advantages, for example: allowing for earlier harvesting, reducing field losses, and eliminating spoilage of grain kept in storage. This is done through expert engineering, with systems allowing for drying within the storage system, as well as in-bin cooling running continuously to keep dried grain cool, and to recycle heat to the drying chamber. The storage bins by SBS Agri are also equipped with the correctly sized aeration floors and fans, and are automated with an aeration system that uses the Equilibrium chart to allow you to control the moisture percentage in your grain. The aeration of grain is key for storing grain and playing with the grains moisture content – with the correct aeration in your grain bins, you will be able to eliminate hotspots in your grain and store your grain longer, as well as maximise your profits. While an excess of moisture in grain during storage can cause long term damage, being able to manage moisture by adding it back into the grain before selling can be financially rewarding. Furthermore, by investing in systems such as these, farmers can minimise overheads and financial loss in the long run by reducing labour costs, waste, and potential threats caused by natural factors. Let the SBS Agri team show you how to increase your profits per ton.

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