Contents
Electrophoresis
Products ......................................................................... 4 Applications .................................................................. 30
Histology
Products ....................................................................... 96 Applications ................................................................ 104
Oxygen Radical Chemical Assays ....................118 Liquid Scintillation
Products ..................................................................... 122 Applications ................................................................ 144
Electro-Optical Solvents .................................... 158 Indices ...................................................................... 162 Electrophoresis Products Gel Matrices
6
Buffer Solutions
16
Detection, Visualization, and Sample Preparation
18
Gel Accessories
27
Ultra-Pure Reagents
28
Electrophoresis Applications Fundamental Principles of Electrophoresis Nucleic Acids Proteins The Dynamics of Gel Electrophoresis Sample Mobility Electrophoresis System Dynamics Ohm’s Law The Matrix Buffers Homogeneous Buffer Systems Multiphasic Buffer Systems Isotachophoresis Buffer Additives The Electrophoresis Apparatus
30 31 32 33 33 33 33 34 36 37 37 38 38 39
Gel Electrophoresis of DNA & RNA Denaturing Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of DNA & RNA Sample Preparation Gel Preparation Run Conditions Buffer Buffer Gradients Applications of Denaturing Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of DNA and RNA Molecular Weight Determination Manual Sequencing Maxam & Gilbert Sequencing Sequencing - Sanger Method Gel Electrophoresis for DNA Sequencing Automated Sequencers Differential Display Genomic Analysis RNA Mapping S1 Mapping Ribonuclease Protection
40 41 41 41 42 42 42 42 42 42 43 44 44 45 46 46 47 47 48
Electrophoresis Applications (continued) Primer Extension Analysis of DNA/Protein Interactions DNase I footprinting In-situ DNase Footprinting Methylation Interference Assay Uracil Interference Assay Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of DNA Sample Preparation Gel Preparation Applications of Native DNA PAGE PCR Analysis Mobility Shift Assay Conformational Analysis Heteroduplex Analysis SSCP Analysis Agarose Gel Electrophoresis of DNA and RNA Preparation of Agarose Gels Preparation of Denaturing Agarose Gels Applications of Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Restriction Digest Mapping DNA/RNA Purification from Agarose Gels Electroelution In Gel Enzyme Reactions Pulsed Field and Field Inversion Gel Electrophoresis RNA Electrophoresis Preparation of RNA Samples Gel Electrophoresis of RNA
48 49 49 50 51 51 52 52 52 53 53 55 56 56 57 58 58 59 59 59 60 60 61 62 63 63 63
Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins Denaturing Protein Electrophoresis: SDS-PAGE Sample Preparation Gel Preparation - Denaturing Protein Gels Gradient Gels Applications of Denaturing Protein Electrophoresis Measuring Molecular Weight Gradient SDS Gels Peptide Mapping Analytical gels for peptide mapping Protein Purification using Denaturing Electrophoresis Protein Precipitation Native Protein Electrophoresis Ferguson Plots Native Gradient Gels Sample Preparation - Native Protein Electrophoresis Cell and Tissue Disruption Gel Preparation - Native Protein Gels Native Gradient Gels Applications of Native Protein Gels Activity Stains Immuno-Electrophoresis / Immuno-Diffusion Two Dimensional Electrophoresis Isoelectric Focusing
64 65 65 65 67 68 68 68 68 69 69 70 72 72 72 72 72 73 73 73 73 74 75 75
Post Electrophoretic Analysis DNA and RNA Detection Staining of Nucleic Acids Blotting Nucleic Acids - Northerns and Southerns Transfer Techniques Autoradiography Protein Detection Fixing Proteins on Electrophoresis Gels Staining Proteins in Gels Guide Strip Technique Staining of Proteins Immobilized on Membranes Immunological Detection of Proteins Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Western Blotting
76 77 77 78 78 81 82 82 82 85 85 86 87 87
Troubleshooting Denaturing DNA-PAGE Gels
90
Troubleshooting Agarose DNA Gels
91
Troubleshooting Denaturing Protein Gels
92
Useful Information for Electrophoresis
93
Suggested Reading
94