Architecture graduation project (cultural center) by Ahmed Nabeel Sadiq

GRADUTION PROJECT ONE

DUBAI CULTURAL FORUM

DONE BY: AHMED N.M. SADEQ 201120321

SUPERVISOR: DR. BASSIM SALAH DR. OMAR ENG. NEVEEN 1

INTRODUCTION

Dubai Is A Destination For Many Tourists From All Around The World And Has One Of The Most Diverse Nationalities In The Middle East, It Is One Of The Most Modern Cities In The World That Attracts People To View The Mixed Architecture Of The City Between Traditional To Modern Designs. The Purpose Of This Project Is To Define The Solution Of How People Different Countries Can Still Feel They Are Home And Here We Can Say Dubai Cultutal Forum Is The Nearest Reality Solution For People To Feel Just At Home. This Book Consist Of Five Chapterscontain Definition Of The Dubai Culture And Cultural Center As Well As A Historical Background And The Objectives Of The Project, Case Studies Of Existing Cultural Center, The Program Of Qualitative And Quantitative Studies, Site Selection For The Project And The Conclusion For The Project.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

All Praise And Thanks Be To Allah…… Firstly, Thanks To My Family For Providing Me The Moral Support And Encouragemen I Will Never Forget What They Did For Me To Be Well Educated And Accomplish What I Wanted Always To Be. Then, I Would Like To Express My Deep Sense Of Gratitude To My Respected And Learned Guides Dr. Basem Saleh For Their Valuable Help And Guidance. Special Thanks To Eng. Neveen And Dr. Omar For Their Helpful Comments ,Assistance, And Support Throughout The Entire Journey Given Me In Completing The Project. Finally,I Will Never Forget All My Friends, Who Were Always Stood By Me Through All The Good And Bad Times. And To Everyone Who Supported And Encouraged Me With Their Best Wishes.

TABLE

OF CONTENTS

Chapter One 1.1 1.2 1.3

Definitions Historical Backrground Objectives

14 16 19

Chapter Two 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5

Abu Dhabi Cultural Foundation Arab World Institute, paris City Of Culture of Galicia Caixa Forum The Centre Pompidou-Metz

24 34 46 58 70

Chapter Three 3.1 3.2 3.3

Introdution Program Conclusion

82 82 89

Chapter Four 4.1 4.2 4.3

Inroduction To Dubai Site Analysis Site Comparision Criteria

92 96 98

Chapter Five 5.1

Conclusion

100

5.2

Design Concept

101 7

chapter 01 introduction

1.1.definition 1.2.historical background 1.3.objectives

Fig.1: The mosque is considered the center of each town and starting point for buildings to be built

Fig.2: Place For Gathering, Meeting and Discussing Their Issues In Islamic Period

1.1.Definitions 1.1.1.Culture Culture can be defined as all the behaviors, ways of life, arts, beliefs and institutions of a population that are passed down from generation to generation. Culture has been called “the way of life for an entire society. Fig.3: Heydar Aliyev Center, Azerbaijan

1.1.2.Forum • A place where a specified activity takes place. • A place of activity or influence. • A place where a particular activity is concerned. • A building or group of buildings where people go to do a particular

Fig.4: Cultural Center Plassen, Norway

1.1.3.Cultural Forum Is an organization, building or complex that promotes culture and arts. Cultural centers can be neighborhood community arts organizations, private facilities, government-sponsored, or activist-run.

1.1.4.Characteristics Of Culture Fig.5: Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre

Fig.6: Cultural Center Stjordal, Norway

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture 2. Cultural and human development, Jaan Valsiner

• • • •

Culture is social. Culture is shared Culture is learnt. Culture is continuous and cumulative. • Culture varies from society to society. • Culture is dynamic. • Culture is gratifying.

Fig.7: The Parthenon Was Used for Different Activities In Greece Period

Fig.8: Romanians Used To Do Different Activities In The Colosseum

1.2.Historical Backrground

1.2.1.History Of Cultural Forum • Culture is a modern concept based on a term first used in classical antiquity by Roman orator , Cicero: “cultura animi” . (3) • In the mid 19th century , some scientists used the term “culture” to refer a universal human capacity

1.2.2.The Parthenon Parthenon the colossal statue of Athena by Phidias was not related to any cult and never inspired any recorded religious fervor. It did not seem to have any priestess. The Parthenon served as a treasury .They used to practice many activities such as: oratory , poetry reading , theater , discussed politics …etc.

1.2.3.The Colosseum Occupying a site just east of the Roman Forum, its construction started between 70& 72 AD. Under the emperor Vespasian and was completed in 80 AD .Under Titus, with further modifications being made during Domitian’s reign. The Colosseum was used for Gladiatorial contents & public spectacles. As well as the Gladiatorial games, other public spectacles were held there, such as mock sea battles, animal hunts, executions, re-enhancements of famous battles, and dramas classical mythology. The building ceased to be used for entertainment in the early medieval era.

1. http://www.buzzle.com/articles/what-are-the-elements-of-culture.html 2. http://www.unrv.com/culture/colosseum.php

1.2.4.Cultural Forum In Islam The mosque, intended as a place of worship, has come to be built to serve other related purposes, such as housing the Madrasa, library ,lecture hall, guest house and dispensary. One of the roles of the mosque is to raise the cultural standard of people through two main ways: First is dwelling on the meaning of the verses recited during prayers. The second way is listening to the lectures that regularly given at mosques in all fields of knowledge that cover all aspects and levels of the society.

1.2.5.Modren Cultural Forum

Fig.9: Gathering Area Near Al Aqsa Mosque

Cultural center provide variety facilities for different nationality & culture of society, and it is an important project to help the development of any city. Modern cities consist of different cultures, so Cultural Center help member of society to communicate.

1.2.6.Cultural forum In U.A.E Modern culture foundation tend to offer variety of facilities , for different cateFig.10: Sheikh Mohammed Centre For Cultural gories of society , it become one of the Understanding strongest tools for development . It is imperative that modern cities should enable different cultures to coexist, while still helping each community.

Fig.11: Ministr Of Culture, Youth And Community Development Center (Ajman Cultural Center) 1. http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/10616/viewall/mosque/ 2. http://www.un.org/en/events/culturaldiversityday/pdf/Investing_in_cultural_diversity.pdf 3. http://www.unesco.org/education/tlsf/mods/theme_a/popups/mod01t05s01.html

1.3.Objectives 1.3.1.Social

• To Provide A Safely & A Suitable Environment For People To Meet, Participate In Different Activities. • To Create A Comfortable & Safely Atmosphere To Encourage People From Different Nationalities To Communicate Between Each Other. • To Enable The Students Contact The Scientists And The Intellectuals Through The Center. • Organize Talks, Discussions, Seminars And Other Literary Programs In Which Scholars And Leaders Of Culture And Different Thoughts, From Uae And Abroad Participate.

1.3.2.Economical • To attract visitors and participators, from all over the globe , which will help recognition of Dubai city internationally , that will lead to increase the tourism which will boost the economy of the city.

1.3.3.Educational Fig.12: The Abu Dhabi Cultural Foundation was founded in 1981 as a center of art and learning

• To Explore different forms of art wither local or international. • To Provide people with information, publication & data in different forms, in accessible methods. • Promote young talent by organizing programs on different subjects and give them chance to show their talent.

Fig.13: Sharjah Cultural Center (Cultural Palace) 1. http://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/culture/cultural-competence/culturally-competent-organizations/main

chapter 02 case studies

2.1.Abu dhabi cultural foundation 2.2.arab worl institute 2.3.city of culture of galicia 2.4.caxia forum 2.5.the center pompidou

city of culture of galicia

caxia forum

Abu dhabi cultural foundation

the center pompidou

arab world institute 19

Abu Dhabi Cultural Foundation Existing in Abu Dhabi - UAE

2.1.Abu Dhabi Cultural Foundation Location: Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Architect: Arcadd, Inc Client: UAE Public Works Department Building Type: Educational, public/cultural center Total area: 32,058 square meters Built up area: 8,262 square meters Year:1981 The Cultural Foundation was established in Abu Dhabi in 1981 with the aim of promoting culture, enriching intellectual thought, encouraging fine arts and highlighting the national, Arab and Islamic cultural heritage. Foundation was founded as a center of art and learning and situated in a contemporary building of typical Islamic design with arched columns, elaborate courtyards, and well designed gardens and beautifully carved doorways. The Cultural Foundation is the main centre for cultural events and history in Abu Dhabi. Throughout the year there are international performances of music and plays, which can be enjoyed here. There is also and abundance of artworks to view in the centreâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s gallery with numerous local artists showcasing works.

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_policy_in_Abu_Dhabi

2.1.1.Site Analysis It is located in the middle of downtown Abu Dhabi, UAE, off Khalifa Street and next to the White Fort, also known as Qasr al-Hosn Palace. The Abu Dhabi Cultural Foundation is open throughout the year. The timings of the foundation are from eight in the morning to two in the afternoon and from five in the evening to eight at night.

Fig.14: The Exact Area Of Abu Dhabi Cultural Foundation

Fig.15: The Site Plan Shows The Surrounding Building, Main Roads, Secondary Roads And The Accessibility

1. Cultural Center 2. Amphitheater 3. Fountain 4. Drop-off Area 5. Parking 6. Entrance Area 7. Monument shape 8. Angle respect

Fig.16: Site Plan

1. http://visitabudhabi.ae/en/see.and.do/attractions.and.landmarks/iconic.landmarks/qasr.al.hosn.aspx 2.Google Earth

2.1.2.Design Concept Abu Dhabi Cultural Foundation is a modern complex with a traditional design. This cultural foundation is designed traditionally. The building has a typical Islamic architecture. The building hosts arched columns, elaborate courtyards.

2.1.2.1.Form and Geometry Fig.17: Cultural Foundation Building Completion Abu Dhabi Cultural Foundation is a modIn 1981 ern complex with a traditional design.

This cultural foundation is designed traditionally. The building has a typical Islamic architecture. The building hosts arched columns, elaborate courtyards and beautifully carved doorways. The functional, concrete Cultural Foundation has an elegant colonnade designed to catch the breeze. The Islamic tiles are worth noting. The cultural foundation building showcases the Islamic culture.

Fig.18: Arched Columns, Elaborate Courtyards And Beautifully Carved Doorways

Incorporating Qasr Al-Hisn, (the oldest fort in Abu Dhabi) the foundation is housed in a delightful modern building of Islamic design with arching white colonnades, cool courtyards and restful gardens.

Fig.19: Islamic pattern Tiles 1. http://www.thenational.ae/arts-lifestyle/the-review/abu-dhabis-cultural-foundation-to-be-revitalised#page2

2.1.2.2.Function And Circulation

Ground floor circulation shows the accessibility of all the functions 1- Exhibition Hall 2- Exhibition

3-Auditorium

5- Children Education Center 4- Children Education Center

First Floor Circulation Shows The Accessibility Of All The Functions 1- National Library 2- Reading Area

3- Exhibition Hall 4- Auditorium

1. http://www.lonelyplanet.com/united-arab-emirates/abu-dhabi/sights/museum/cultural-foundation 2. http://www.mydestination.com/abudhabi/6177731/abu-dhabi-cultural-foundation-uae

2.1.2.3.Function The building contain Four major functions:

Ground floor Functional relationship

• The Library: It’s Defined by a layout of arcade that gives the future expansion. It’s defined by a layout of arcade that gives access to a series of courtyards to the southeast of the cultural center. • Conference facilities that includes 1000 seats auditorium is on the north west facilitate public access with lecture halls which are in the center over looking the exhibition hall and can function independently or be used in conjuction with the library. • Center exhibition hall that is three stories in height. • Entrance to children library exhibition stories in height. • Entrance to children library exhibiton hall and auditorium are on the ground floor.

Fig.20: Children Education Center

First floor Functional relationship

Fig.21: Exhibition hall

1. http://www.lonelyplanet.com/united-arab-emirates/abu-dhabi/sights/museum/cultural-foundation 2. http://www.mydestination.com/abudhabi/6177731/abu-dhabi-cultural-foundation-uae

2.1.2.4.Circulation

Ground Floor Circulation horizontal circulation

Vertical Circulation

First Floor Circulation horizontal circulation

Vertical Circulation

1-Main Entrance

1 2-The Corridors 3- The Staircase Top view of the center shows the traditional courtyard and the function surrounding it

28 1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Dhabi_Cultural_Foundation

2.1.3.Construction, Matrial and Technology

Fig.22: Adopting Islamic architecture Trend in the modern way.

• Glazed curtain walls in the reading area in the library. • Reinforced concrete • The design incorporates most modern construction technologies, and includes decorative glazed brick tiled arcades and local architectural styles. • The library is defined by a layout of arcades which gives access to a series of courtyards to the southeast of the cultural center. • The national library includes a one ‘’ million’’ volume closed stack collection, main catalogue, circulation department, reference department, children’s library, reading areas and research center.

2.1.3.1.Structure System

Fig.23: An Elegant Colonnade Designed To Catch The Breeze

• • • • •

Low-Rise-Two Floors Arched Columns Elaborate Courtyard Beautifully Carved Doorways Elegant Colonnades

2.1.3.2. Sustainability and adaptability • Elegant colonnade designed to catch the breeze. • Arching white colonnades, cool courtyards and restful gardens.

Fig.24: Covered Walkways Were Designed To Allow Pedestrians To Approach The Building In Shade 1. http://www.thenational.ae/arts-lifestyle/the-review/abu-dhabis-cultural-foundation-to-be-revitalised

Arab World Institute Existing In Paris - France

2.3.Arab World Institute, paris Architect: Jean Nouvel Location: Paris, France Date: 1981 to 1988 Client: Institut du Monde Arabe, Scarif Contracting authority: Arab World Institute Cost: +47,500,000USD(52,000,000 Euro) Area: 25,263squaremeters(252,630 square feet) The Institut du Monde Arabe (IMA) or Arab World Institute (AWI), in English, was established in 1980 in Paris, when 18 Arab countries concluded an agreement with France to establish the Institute to disseminate information about the Arab world and set in motion detailed research to cover Arabic and the Arab worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cultural and spiritual values. The Institute also aims at promoting cooperation and cultural exchanges between France and the Arab world, particularly in the areas of science and technology, thus contributing to development of relations between the Arab world and Europe.

1. http://cities.triporg.org/en/cities/7/paris-city/56/institut-du-monde-arabe-ima 2. http://www.archdaily.com/162101/ad-classics-institut-du-monde-arabe-jean-nouvel

2.2.1.Site Analysis It is located along the Seine roughly at the boundary of historical Paris and a more modern urban fabric to the southeast, the beginning of which is marked by the university building at Jussieu.

Fig.25: The Exact location of Arab World Institute in paris

Fig.26: The Site Plan Shows The Surrounding Building, Main Roads, Secondary Roads And The Accessibility

1-Main Road Entrance

3 2

2-VIP Entrance

Fig.27: Accessibility Of The Building

1. http://www.galinsky.com/buildings/ima/ 2. Google Earth

3-Pedestrian Entrance

2.2.2.Design Concept

Fig.28: A Typical Arabian Mushrabiya Houses

The design inspired by Islamic Architecture allows it to be both cultural and climate aware. Architect Jean Nouvel is a master of glass construction; here, at the Institute of the Arab World, the tempers transparency with a mesmerizing facade of variable, iris like apertures that control the light entering the building, evoking a Moorish-style screen. The instituteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s layout reinterprets the traditional enclosed Arab courtyard. Inside, items largely on loan from Syria and Tunisia present Arab culture from prehistory to the present day, with an emphasis on painting and medicine,

Fig.29: Sketch Of Opened And Closed Of The Light Control Entering

Fig.30: Sinlge Panel Of The FaĂ§ade Of Arab World Institute

Fig.31: The Islamic Architecture Pattern In The Building Facade 1. http://www.galinsky.com/buildings/ima/ 2. http://www.archdaily.com/162101/ad-classics-institut-du-monde-arabe-jean-nouvel

2.2.2.1.Form

Fig.32: Nouvel Produces A Wonderfully Minimal Composition Of Forms: A Gently Curving Wall To The North Facing The Seine Comes To A Sharp And Deep Cleft As It Meets A Rectilinear.

1. http://jar241.blogspot.ae/2011/03/5.html

2.2.2.2.Function And Circulation

Ground Floor 1-Lobby

3-Temporary Exhibition Hall

2-News Room 4-Vertical circulation

First Floor

1-Library

3-Vertical circulation

2-Museum 1. http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/874/original/FLS0884.pdf?1384748931 2. http://www.archdaily.com/162101/ad-classics-institut-du-monde-arabe-jean-nouvel

2nd - 5th Floor 1-Library

3-Exhibition

2-Offices

6th Floor

1- Museum

3- Empty Museum

2- Library

4-Offices

1. http://www.archdaily.com/162101/ad-classics-institut-du-monde-arabe-jean-nouvel 2. http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/874/original/FLS0884.pdf?1384748931

2.2.2.3.Section

The Building Consists Of A Museum, A Library, An Auditorium, Offices And Meeting Rooms Assembled Within Two Wings Separated By A Courtyard Opening Out Toward The Cathedral Of Notre-Dame.

2.2.2.4.Function

Fig.33: The Library Of Arab World Institute

Fig.34: The Exhibition Hall Of Arab World Institute

The building consists of a museum, a library, an auditorium, offices and meeting rooms assembled within two wings separated by a courtyard opening out toward the Cathedral of Notre-Dame. The translucent marble faรงade of the seven-storey northern wing is elegantly curved to follow the sweep of the quay. At the west end of this wing is the 100'000 volume library, a spiral tower of books behind a transparent wall of glass offering panoramic views.

Fig.35: he Exhibition Hall Of AWI

1. http://www.archdaily.com/162101/ad-classics-institut-du-monde-arabe-jean-nouvel 2. http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/874/original/FLS0884.pdf?1384748931

2.2.3.Construction And Technology 2.2.3.1.Construction The unique use of high-tech photosensitive mechanical devices to control light levels and transparency—as well as the beauty of the solution—made this building famous and piqued interest in the use of ‘smart’ materials (which can respond to changing environments) in buildings. The problem: the system no longer works. Nonetheless, the south facade is quite beautiful. The striking south facade and the carefully orchestrated sequence between the entrance onto the plaza and the entrance of the building set up interesting scale relationsh

2.2.3.2.Technology He not only used light as a material but also played with it. the facade was created with thousands of diaphragms which operate on the principle of a camera lens changing the natural light coming into the building. The smaller the openings on the diaphragms are the less light will come inside which results a more mysterious atmosphere making human body catching more divinity.

Fig.36: Chart Shown The Diaphragms, And Relation Li

2.2.3.3.Material This architectural masterpiece by Jean Nouvel unites the three constructional elements of the 1980s: glass, aluminum and concrete

Fig.37: Traditional Mushrabiya Window

1. https://yimingsu.files.wordpress.com/2010/12/arab-institute-jean-nouvel.pdf

2.2.3.4.Structure system The Structural System is a steel frame with different spans according to the general Shape of Building. Steel Columns, Beams , Trusses and Secondary supporting elements for the Curtain-wall faรงade were used. Structural Joints and air-condition or other systems are covered with glazed Aluminum or stainless steel elements

2.2.3.5.Sustainability And Adaptability

ight And Divinity

Fig.38: Modern Musrabiya Of Arab World Institute Facade

The most remarkable metaphor in Arab World Institute is its thousands of diaphragms on the faรงade. It imitates not only the form, but also the function of pores on the skin of human body. On human body, pores are used for body temperature regulation. They are the primary method of cooling. Same as these pores, the diaphragms on the faรงade are part of the cooling system of the whole building. They are controlled electronically from a photovoltaic sensor which permits 10 to 30 percent daylight, thus keeping the temperature inside the building at a favorable level. When these diaphragms are opening or closing, it seems like skin is breathing.

https://yimingsu.files.wordpress.com/2010/12/arab-institute-jean-nouvel.pdf

City Of Culture of Galicia Existing in Galicia - Spain

2.3.City Of Culture of Galicia Architects: Eisenman Architects Location: Santiago de Compostela, Spain Client: FundaciĂłn cidade da cultura de Galicia Area: 92903 sqm Project Year: 2011 The City of Culture is a new cultural center for the Province of Galicia in northwestern Spain. Its design evolves from the superposition of three sets of information. First, the street plan of the medieval center of Santiago is overlaid on a topographic map of the hillside site, which overlooks the city. Second, a modern Cartesian grid is laid over these medieval routes. Third, through computer modeling software, the topography of the hillside is allowed to distort the two flat geometries, thus generating a topological surface that repositions old and new in a simultaneous matrix never before seen. The original center of Santiago conforms to a figure/ground urbanism in which buildings are figural, or solid, and the streets are residual, or void spaces. Through this mapping operation, the project emerges as a curving surface that is neither figure nor ground but both a figured ground and a figured figure that supersede the figure-ground urbanism of the old city. Santiagoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s medieval past appears not as a form of representational nostalgia but as a new yet somehow familiar presence found in a new form. 1. http://www.archdaily.com/141238/the-city-of-culture-eisenman-architects 2.http://www.archello.com/sites/default/files/aerial_view_from_south

2.3.1.Site Analysis Located on Monte Gaiรกs, a small hill overlooking Santiago de Compostela, + is a new cultural center for the Province of Galicia in northwestern Spain.

2.3.1.1.Surrounding Surrounding the built area of the CCG is the Arboretum of Galicia: an area of gardens and native woodland, conceived as both a recreational and an educational facility.

Fig.39: Map Of Galicia City In Spain

Fig.40: The Site Plan Shows The Surrounding Building, Main Roads, Secondary Roads And The Accessibility, Transportation And Parking Area.

7 8

5 1

1. Parking area 2. Archive 3. Library 4. Music theater and perfoming arts center 5. Central services 6. Museum of galcia 7. Center for new tehnology 8. John hejduk memorial towers

Fig.41: The Site Plan The Accessibility, Transportation And Parking Area. 1. http://www.archdaily.com/141238/the-city-of-culture-eisenman-architects

2.3.2.Design Concept This piece of architecture explored the features of Fluidity and the use of Layering. Other themes this building explored were organic form and curvature, as the concept of the the City of Culture of Galicia was to form layers of rolling hills, to blend in within its surroundings. Fig.42: Organic And Curvature Form

Fig.43: Conceptual Diagram Development

Fig.44: Harmonious Design With The Environment. Sloping Landscapes Are Melded With The Site, And Each Building Are Design Differently From One Another. 1. http://www.archdaily.com/141238/the-city-of-culture-eisenman-architects 2. http://archinect.com/features/article/91086/showcase-city-of-culture-of-galicia

2.3.2.1.Form

The design superposes a Cartesian grid onto the existing, organic, medieval grid and then warps or deforms these with a topological grid that projects upward in a new vibrant geometry.

1. http://www.archdaily.com/141238/the-city-of-culture-eisenman-architects 2. http://archinect.com/features/article/91086/showcase-city-of-culture-of-galicia

2.3.2.2.Function

2 3 2 Archive Plan â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Level Zero

6 7

5 Archive Plan â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Level One

1-City of couture exhibit 2-Open to below 3-Archive exhibition 4-Central cooling 5-Reading room 6-Archive stacks

7-Mechanical 8-Reference Archivists 9-General Cataloging

longitudinal section 1

longitudinal section 2

1. http://www.archdaily.com/141238/the-city-of-culture-eisenman-architects

2 4

1-Parking garage 2-Mechanical 3-BookBinding 4-Conservation 5-Research and Scholars center 6-Rare books 7-Open to below 8-Exhibation

Library plan - Level Zero

6 8

10 11 12 Library plan - Level One

Longitudinal Section 1

Longitudinal Section 2

1. http://www.archdaily.com/141238/the-city-of-culture-eisenman-architects

9-Main reading room 10-Vestibule 11-Classroom 12-Library stacks 13-Lipper reading room 14-Administration 15-Virtual library

2.3.2.3.Function

Fig.45: Library With One Million Books

The Library of Galicia and Galician Archives opened their doors on January 11, 2011, during a ceremony presided over by the Prince and Princess of Asturias. The 17,372-square-meter Library will accommodate one million books in open stacks, rare book archives, and storerooms on several levels. The 14,149-square-meter Archive includes spaces for research and exhibition. Both the Library and the Archive are clad in quartzite and feature unique curtain walls

Fig.46: Exhibition Hall With Slop High Ceiling

Fig.47: The Interior Of The Museum

Fig.48: The Exterior Shape Of The Building Allow People ToŮ? Sit On It

1. http://www.archdaily.com/141238/the-city-of-culture-eisenman-architects 2. http://www.architectmagazine.com/design/city-of-culture-museum-of-galician-history-and-center-for-cultural-innovation_o

2.3.3.Construction And Technology The complex is being constructed into an excavated hillside (173-acre site) in a contoured fashion so that they will integrate (appearing to be buried) and be part of the rolling hillside leading into the mountain. The project is a challenge because the external facade is such a complex shape and each of the windows is a custom design. The buildings, conceived as three pairs, in the complex include the Museum of History of Galicia (14,100m², 52m and six levels) and the Building of New Technologies (10,750m², five levels) on the western slope, which is actually the steepest. The Library (15,700m², 42m and six floors); the Newspaper Archive (8,500m², three levels) and also the Music Theatre (25,000m², 50m and seven levels) and the Building for Central Services (5,600m², five floors) will be on the softer slanting eastern slope. The complex will be topped off with the Hejduk Towers, which will complete the main buildings and the campus will be surrounded by 25,000m² of woodland (City of Culture Forest) that will be defined by five different footpaths for leisure walking (these are also being designed by Eisenman).

Fig.49: Construction Process Of The City Of Culture Of Galicia

1. http://www.archdaily.com/141238/the-city-of-culture-eisenman-architects

2.3.3.2.Sustainability And Adaptability

Fig.50: City of Culture of Galicia Entrance

the sun movement througout the year on the city of culture ofgalcia. according to eisenmen, the profile of the building is not only the edge of the building but can also include the dark edges of the shadows. this investigation tracks the sunâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s movements in the months of february, july, and october the time measured are at 9am, 12pm, and 3pm. as the sun hits the buildings, the shadows are created and the shape of the building expands and contracts. the placement of the buildingallow the shadows to overlap and casr shadows upon itsself.

Fig.51: Shadow diagram during February, July and October 1. http://www.archdaily.com/141238/the-city-of-culture-eisenman-architects

Caxia Forum

Existing in Zaragoza - Spain

2.4.Caixa Forum Architects: Estudio Carme Pinos Location: Zaragoza, Spain Project Year: 2014 Area: 6000sqm In caixa forum building that you can ‘feel like a city’ – both due to its uniqueness and to the public spaces it generates. Then to design a building which connects with distant perspectives when walking around, providing at the same time introspection when inside its exhibition halls. Solving these two challenges by raising the level of the halls. This allows freeing the ground floor, where place the more open and transparent spaces: the lobby and the store. The aim is to create public spaces, make the park extend into the city by passing under the building – a space which is lit at night with drawings obtained by perforating the plate, which in addition hides the structure supporting the elevated halls.

1.http://www.designboom.com/architecture/estudio-carme-pinos-caixaforum-zaragoza-museum-cultural-center-07-08-2014/ 2. http://www.archdaily.com/522894/caixaforum-zaragoza-estudio-carme-pinos

2.4.1.Site Analysis The Caixaforum cultural center in Zaragoza was open on June 27th. The complex will be built on the area once occupied by the railway town of Portillo today replaced by high speed station of Delicias next to new technological citizen of the Milla Digital, Extending to an area equal to 5,527 square meters, of which 4,407 employees the new volume.

Fig.52: Map Of Zaragoza City In Spain

Fig.52:Site Plan Shown Caixa Forum And The Surrounding , Accessibility , Main And Secondary Roads

1. http://www.archdaily.com/522894/caixaforum-zaragoza-estudio-carme-pinos

2.4.2.Design Concept Caixa Forum’ design as an “emblematic, innovative building that creates urban space and welcomes visitors,” adding that the building “levitates, assuming the form of a monumental sculpture within the great green lung of the new [El Portillo] 45,000sq m park.” It energy-savings features also received praise. Fig.53: The Building, As A Result Of An Exceptional Structure, Becomes An Impressive Sculpture Amidst The Park

Fig.54: Combination Of Hand Sketches And Physical Model

Fig.55: This Building Creates Urban Space With Cantilever Shade And Landscape To Welcomes Visitors. 1. http://www.archdaily.com/522894/caixaforum-zaragoza-estudio-carme-pinos 2. http://diariodesign.com/2014/07/new-caixaforum-zaragoza-carme-pinos-sculptural-yet-dynamic-building-vast/

2.4.2.1.Form

Fig.56: The Model Shown Thatthe Building Is Broken Into Two Large, Elevated, Geometric Volumes.

1. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/352899320772890796/

2.4.2.2.Function

1. http://www.archdaily.com/522894/caixaforum-zaragoza-estudio-carme-pinos

3 2

1 6

5 4 Cafeteria

3 Restaurant

6 Mezzanine

2 Exhibition hall 2

5 Hall

Officise

Classrooms Family space

1 Exhibition hall

Store Ticket office Auditorium

4 VIP hall

Audio room

1. http://www.archdaily.com/522894/caixaforum-zaragoza-estudio-carme-pinos

2.4.3.Construction and technology

2.4.3.1.Material Structural concrete is one of the most characteristic elements of the building, among other materials used, such as aluminum. The â&#x20AC;&#x153;skinâ&#x20AC;? of the building is covered with 1,600 perforated aluminum sheets, that allow locating the lights that provide the bluish lighting.

Fig.57: Caixa Forum Construction Process

1. http://flickrhivemind.net/Tags/caixaforum,obra 2. http://www.metalocus.es/en/news/caixaforum-museum-auditorium-and-cultural-centre-opened-zaragoza

2.4.3.2.Structural System The structure of the museum consists of a series of load-bearing walls, a mushroomshaped pillar and a reinforced concrete core which supports a steel substructure made up of triangular trusses, which perform as cantilevers.The mushroom-shaped pillar, measuring 25 meters high and reinforced with a triangular steel truss, supports the large truss housing the Fig.58: The volume of the arts center hovers third and fourth floors of the building and over the glazed lobby and projects over a small- takes on the stress of the second floor er rooftop terrace cantilever. The staircases for visitors, accommodated in the central reinforced concrete core, as well as the emergency exit stairs, on the outside of the building, are held by a lightweight structure, and become distinctive features of the museum. The facade is clad with aluminum sheet trays measuring 3 mm thick. These trays have been previously defined through perforation or forming processes, and generate a conFig.59: The building is raised two stories to free tinuous enclosure with organic drawings the ground plane. and patterns

Fig.60: Perforated sheet-metal cladding gives the bulk a lighter feeling. At the back of the building, an outdoor emergency stair zigzags between dark polished-concrete supporting walls 1. http://www.metalocus.es/en/news/caixaforum-museum-auditorium-and-cultural-centre-opened-zaragoza 2. http://www.archdaily.com/522894/caixaforum-zaragoza-estudio-carme-pinos

The Centre Pompidou-Metz Existing in Metz - France

2.5.The Centre Pompidou-Metz Architect: Shigeru Ban & Jean de Gastines Location: Metz, France Started: November 7, 2006 Height: 77 meters Floor area: 10,660 mÂ˛ Cost: 69,33 million Euros The Centre Pompidou-Metz is a branch of Pompidou arts centre, and features temporary exhibitions from the large collection of the National Museum of Modern Art, the largest European collection of 20th and 21st century arts. The museum is the largest temporary exhibition space outside Paris in France, and includes also a theater, an auditorium, and a restaurant terrace. The building is remarkable for its roof structure, one of the largest and most complex built to date, which was inspired by a Chinese hat found in Paris by Shigeru Ban

1. http://www.archdaily.com/490141/centre-pompidou-metz-shigeru-ban-architects

2.4.1.Site Analysis The city of Metz has always been a crossroads between two of Europeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s greatest routes: the North Sea-Mediterranean route, from Amsterdam to Marseilles, and the Paris-Eastern Europe route leading to Munich, Prague and Vienna.

2.4.1.1.Surrounding The Centre Pompidou-Metz is surrounded by two gardens and a terrace. This gently sloping terrace provides a direct pedestrian link to the railway station. Partly landscaped, it has the same dimensions as the Piazza in front of the Centre Pompidou. the garden to the north of the Centre Pompidou-Metz. The five-acre garden is planted with flowering cherries, and its grassy folds enable rainwater to be collected from the roof and terrace. There are also numerous paths for visitors to make their way around and through the park.In contrast, the south garden is a private area designed by Agence Nicolas Michelin AssociĂŠs and Pascal Cribier. It consists of an area of mineral landscaping that can be used as a terrace in summer, and another area densely planted with birch trees.

Fig.61: Map Of Mitz City In France

Palais Omniport

SNCF Train Station

Quartier amphitheater

Fig.62: Site Plan Shown Caixa Forum And The Surrounding Buildings And Accessibility.

1. https://www.dezeen.com/2010/02/17/centre-pompidou-metz-by-shigeru-ban/ 2. http://www.archdaily.com/490141/centre-pompidou-metz-shigeru-ban-architects

Fig.63: The Concept Came Fromchinese Hat

2.4.2 Design Concept

Walking up through the front square and the gardens that link the downtown area and the Metz train station to the Centre Pompidou-Metz, visitors will discover a building in light and luminous tones, both powerful and graceful, inviting them to take shelter under its protective roof. We imagined an architecture that speaks of openness and well-being, a meeting of cultures, in an immediate sensory relationship with the environment. The museum’s architecture was inspired by a traditional Chinese hat. The primary form was constructed from an armature of laminated timber forming a mesh and will be coated in fiberglass. The building’s design is as stunning as the original, but for different reasons. The design of the new building speaks more to organic forms currently celebrated in popular architecture. It’s amazing that the original Pompidou could have look so “avant-garde” just 30 years ago. The building still seems fresh, but with less edge, as it has Fig.64: From The Concept Of Chinese Hat The become part of the global architectural Roof Of The Building Shown The Tradition Of vernacular. The Architect

1. http://www.centrepompidou-metz.fr/en/unique-architecture 1. https://archidialog.com/tag/centre-pompidou-metz/

2.4.2.1.Form

Fig.65: The Model Shown The Organic Roof And The Separation Of The Cubic Masses

1. http://aasarchitecture.com/2013/05/centre-pompidou-metz-by-shigeru-ban-architects.html 2. http://www.justinteriorideas.com/the-architecture-of-pompidou-metz-an-excerpt-from-the-architecture-of-art-museums-a-decade.html

2.4.2.2.Function

Ground Floor Plan

1. Exhibition Hall 2. Hexagonal Tower 3. Entry 4. The Forum 5. Administration 6. Creatie Studio 7. Auditurom 8. Cafe 9. Resturant 10. Delivary Area 11. Showrooms 12. Exhibation Terrace 13. Balcony 14. Void 15. Restaurant Terrace

Gallery 1 Level 1. http://aasarchitecture.com/2013/05/centre-pompidou-metz-by-shigeru-ban-architects.html 2. http://www.justinteriorideas.com/the-architecture-of-pompidou-metz-an-excerpt-from-the-architecture-of-art-museums-a-decade.html

Gallery 2 Level

Gallery 3 Level

1. https://www.dezeen.com/2010/02/17/centre-pompidou-metz-by-shigeru-ban/ 2. http://www.archdaily.com/490141/centre-pompidou-metz-shigeru-ban-architects

2.4.3.Material The roof structure was inspired by a Chinese hat found in Paris by Shigeru Ban. Imitating this kind of hat and its protective fabric, the entire wooden structure will be covered with a white fibreglass membrane and a coating of teflon. This waterproof material creates a controlled and naturally temperate environment, which will help ensure that works of art are exposed and conserved in the best possible conditions. It took ten months to prepare and four months to install the wood mesh, which comprises 18 kilometres of glue-laminated timber beams, a technique invented 100 years ago. 95% of the roof timbers are made from Austrian or Swiss spruce; the remainder are beech and larch. Every single beam was CNC-machined to unique proportions. This enabled both the production of multi- directional curves and the perforations for the final assembly (node points, pins and braces

Fig.66: Wood Is The Main Material In The Roof Device

1. http://aasarchitecture.com/2013/05/centre-pompidou-metz-by-shigeru-ban-architects.html 2. 1. https://www.dezeen.com/2010/02/17/centre-pompidou-metz-by-shigeru-ban/

2.4.3.1.Structure System The roof will be a major achievement: a 90-metre wide hexagon echoing the building’s floor map, with wooden beams spaced 2.90 metres apart in a hexagonal weave.The structure of mesh will be composed of a glue laminated timber, making it highly resistant and enabling uncommon lengths. Two layers will be superimposed in three different directions across the hexagonal structure. This mesh will enable the roof to span approximately 40 metres, resting on only a few supporting parts.The roof’s geometry is irregular, featuring curves and counter-curves over the entire building, and in particular the three exhibition galleries. The roof structure will be one of the largest and most complex built to date. Aeraulic wind tunnel studies will determine its performance

2.3.3.2.Sustainability And Adaptability This structure is covered with a waterproof membrane made from fibre glass and teflon (PTFE or Poly-Tetra-Fluoro-Ethylene). This waterproof material creates a naturally temperate environment, helping satisfy the building’s demanding energy requirements. Fig.67: The Centre Pompidou

Fig.68: The Structure Is Covered With A Waterproof Membrane 1. http://aasarchitecture.com/2013/05/centre-pompidou-metz-by-shigeru-ban-architects.html 2. 1. https://www.dezeen.com/2010/02/17/centre-pompidou-metz-by-shigeru-ban/

chapter 03 design program 3.1.introdution 3.2.program 3.3.conclusion

3.1.Introduction Dubai cultural forum is a complex to promote and enhance culture as well as gathering area for people in dubai. The main aspect of design is accessibility , physical appearance , functional programming & spatial needs and requirements of the complex. Based on the case studies. Every process of the design base on the architectural programming . Today we defined architectural programming as the research decision- making process that identifies the scope work of the design and the functional requirement of it.

3.1.1.Program

Minor Activities :

1. Main Activities • • • • •

Library Theater Exhibition Area Classrooms Art Gallery

2. Supporting Activities • • • •

• Services

Exit

Exit Out door area Supportive Activities:

• • • •

Multipurpose hall Café shop and restaurant Administrative activities Out door/indoor social activities

Main1.Activities : library • • • • • •

Administrative activities Multipurpose hall Café shop and restaurant Out /indoor social activities

Entrance

Strong Medium Weak

3. Minor Activities • Services Court Court Yard

Library Theater Auditorium Exhibition area Art gallery Classrooms

Atrium

3.2.1.Main Activities Libraries Function

Reception and index

Area/Perso n

User

Area/Un it

Total (m2)

Reading Area & Stack

2.5

300

750

Conference Room

1.5

Computer search room

150

300

Office