Co-Recreational Office Hub in Penang by Ahnaf Samsury

PRE-THESIS 2 | ENVIRO | MBEA 1136

CO-RECREATIONAL OFFICE HUB IN PENANG AHNAF BIN SAMSURY | MBE191077 | 2020/2021-1 Head of Panel Dr. Roshida bt Abdul Majid Panel Members PM Dr. Lim Yaik Wah Ar. Samsiah bt Abdullah Dr. Leng Pau Chung

CO-RECREATIONAL OFFICE HUB IN PENANG Optimising daylight performance by exploring the design potential of skylight roof baffles The Co-recreational Office Hub building provides a creative co-working space and rental office for local entrepreneurs. It is located in Gelugor, Penang. The concept was to reconnect three design principles involving space, humans and nature, and to implement these in working and recreational environments, as well as communal space. The building is designed to optimise daylight performance, using a few strategies. The first involves skylight roof baffles, whose function is to filter direct sunlight into the building and only allow reflected sunlight in. A second strategy involves a light shelf. This helps control the quantity of sunlight into the building from the façade. A final strategy uses the concept of a green courtyard, to help diffuse all the sunlight into the building.

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TOO MUCH DAYLIGHT CAN LEAD TO EXCESSIVE GLARE (LIM, 2019) .

The challenge in tropical daylighting is not about achieving the light quantity but controlling the daylight quality (Lim, 2019).

Proper shading devices need to be introduced to avoid direct exposure .

INTENSIVE SOLAR HEAT GAIN. DIRECT SUNLIGHT PENETRATION ESPECIALLY THROUGH OPENINGS FACING EAST AND WEST CAN CAUSE INTENSIVE HEAT GAIN IN THE BUILDING.

Annual maximum intensity of solar radiation falling on horizontal (1000W/m2) & vertical (850W/m2).

Allowing daylight penetration through south or north facing windows, which received lower solar radiation.

WORKSPACES THAT HAD NO NATURAL LIGHT OR GREENERY REPORTED HIGHER LEVELS OF SICKNESS ABSENCE, LESS PRODUCTIVITY, MOTIVATION & CREATIVITY (BROWNING, 2015) .

Workers in office environments with natural elements such as sunlight and greenery are 15% more creative.

From survey found, 88% workers said having direct views and access to the natural elements indoors improved their sense of well-being.

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RESEARCH AIM “To design a co-recreational office hub that optimises daylight performance and promotes physical wellness among workers.”

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES 1. 2. 3.

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To identify the issues and solution for daylighting of office building in Malaysia To identify the design characteristics of skylight roof baffles that can improve daylighting performance. To evaluate skylight roof baffles design that can optimise daylighting performance into office building using simulation software.

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VIEW FROM ROUNDABOUT A H N A F

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DESIGN CONCEPT

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SITE INTRODUCTION

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The site is located on the east coast of Penang Island, Malaysia, with a total land area of about 1.7 acres. This site is also part of Phase 2 of the Light Development by IJM Corporation Berhad. Strategically located on the main highway (Lebuhraya Tun Dr. Lim Chong Eu) it is only ten minutes away from Georgetown and fifteen minutes to Penang International Airport.

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PRESENT

FUTURE - PHASE 2

SITE

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SITE CONTEXT : L ANDMARKS LOCALITY

1. Marine Department Northen Region

3. Udini Square

There are various landmarks that can be spotted around the site. Unfortunately, no landmark serves as a recreational area nearby. Currently, the nearest spot is Bukit Dumbar which is about 15 minutes away. So, the idea of proposing a co-recreational office hub at this site is a good one especially because it can serve the nearby community, The Light’s residents.

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2. Bukit Dumbar Park

6. Wesley Methodist School

9. Penang Bridge 10. University of Science Malaysia 11. Youth & Sport Complex Penang 12. Arte S 13. Japanese Garden 14. Nicol David International Squash Center 7. Karpal Singh Drive

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4. Tesco Gelugor

5. Automall Karpal Singh Drive

SYNTHESIS

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8. E-Gate 8

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SITE PLANNING

SITE VIEW Site located beside the sea. The building frontage should maximise the sea view.

LANDSCAPING Green elements introduced in the middle of the site (courtyard) A H N A F

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PRIVATE & PUBLIC

CONNECTIVITY

ACCESSIBILTY

GRID & ORDER

Private and public zones are defined according to site context.

Service access is located at a private zone, separated from the main ingress and egress.

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Private and public zones are defined according to site context.

Site grid is based on site context and maximises the site’s benefits. 9

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FRONT VIEW A H N A F

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DESIGN MASSING DEVELOPMENT

SITE MASSING Rough massing with long north and south facades and short east and west facades.

GREEN COURTYARD

Split 2 the massing to create green courtyard & plaza to bring in the daylight into the building.

HIERARCHY & VIEW Create the hierarchy of massing to maximise the seaview. A H N A F

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PERMEABILITY

Created space between the block to improve air ventilation and make the building permeable.

SKYLIGHT

Introduced skylight on plaza to filter the direct sunlight.

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WELCOMING

Widen the plaza entrance, create sense of welcoming.

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GREEN PLAZA A H N A F

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KEY PLAN | NTS

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LOCATION PLAN | NTS S A M S U R Y

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SITE PLAN | NTS 1 3

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TYPICAL BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN | NTS

LEGEND 1. FAN ROOM 7. FAN ROOM 2. UTILITY ROOM 8. LOBBY 3. SPRINKLER TANK 9. FAN ROOM 4. FIRE TANK 5. PUMP ROOM 6. DOMESTIC WATER TANK A H N A F

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GROUND FLOOR PLAN | NTS

LEGEND 1. AL-FRESCO CAFE 2. CAFE 3. LOBBY & RECEPTION 4. TOILET (M) 5. TOILET (F) 6. SURAU (F) 7. SURAU (M)

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8. OKU TOILET 9. JANITOR ROOMS 10. MULTI-PURPOSE SPACE 11. GREEN PLAZA 12. OUTDOOR YOGA 13. GREEN PATH 14. WATER FEATURE

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15. LANDSCAPE 16. EVENT PLAZA 17. MAIN SWITCH ROOM 18. GENSET 19. TNB SUBSTATION 20. LOADING/UNLOADING 21. MANAGEMENT OFFICE

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22. REFUSE CHAMBER 23. SEATING AREA 24. STORE 25. OFFICE 26. MULTI-PURPOSE STUDIO 27. GYMNASIUM 28. OUTDOOR GYMNASIUM

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1ST FLOOR PLAN | NTS

LEGEND 1. CHILDCARE & PLAYZONE 2. OFFICE 3. LOUNGE 4. LOBBY 5. TOILET (M) 6. TOILET (F) 7. SURAU (F)

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8. SURAU (M) 9. OKU TOILET 10. JANITOR ROOMS 11. COMMUNAL SPACE 12. JOGGING & PEDESTRIAN PATH 13. GYMNASIUM

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14. GAME ROOM 15. SPORT RETAILS 1 16. SPORT RETAILS 2 17. KITCHEN 18. RESTAURANT 19. BALCONY

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2ND FLOOR PLAN | NTS

LEGEND 1. BALCONY AREA 2. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE A) 3. MAIL SERVICE ROOM 4. LOUNGE 5. LOBBY 6. TOILET (M) 7. TOILET (F)

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8. OKU TOILET 9. SURAU (F) 10. JANITOR ROOMS 11. SURAU (M) 12. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE C) 13. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE A) 14. POCKET SPACE

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15. BALCONY AREA 16. CO-WORKING SPACE 17. PANTRY 18. STORAGE 19. PRINT ROOM 20. LOCKER ROOM (M) 21. LOCKER ROOM (F)

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22. TOILET (F) 23. TOILET (M) 24. SERVICE LIFT 25. CO-WORKING SPACE 26. MEETING ROOM (M) 27. CONFERENCE ROOM

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3RD FLOOR PLAN | NTS

LEGEND 1. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE A) 2. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE C) 3. LOUNGE 4. LOBBY 5. TOILET (F) 6. TOILET (M) 7. SURAU (M)

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8. OKU TOILET 9. JANITOR ROOMS 10. SURAU (F) 11. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE C) 12. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE A) 13. BALCONY AREA 14. CO-WORKING SPACE

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15. CONFERENCE ROOM 16. MEETING ROOM (M) 17. MEETING ROOM (S) 18. PANTRY 19. PRINT ROOM 20. STORAGE 21. LOCKER ROOM (M)

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22. LOCKER ROOM (F) 23. OKU TOILET 24. TOILET (M) 25. TOILET (F) 26. SERVICE LIFT 27. CO-WORKING SPACE

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4TH FLOOR PLAN | NTS

LEGEND 1. BALCONY AREA 2. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE A) 3. LOUNGE 4. LOBBY 5. TOILET (M) 6. TOILET (F) 7. OKU TOILET

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8. JANITOR ROOMS 9. SURAU (F) 10. SURAU (M) 11. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE C) 12. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE A) 13. POCKET SPACE 14. BALCONY AREA

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15. CO-WORKING SPACE 16. PANTRY 17. PRINT ROOM 18. STORAGE ROOM 19. LOCKER ROOM (M) 20. LOCKER ROOM (F) 21. TOILET (F)

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22. TOILET (M) 23. PANTRY 24. SERVICE LIFT 25. CO-WORKING SPACE 26. MEETING ROOM (M) 27. CONFERENCE ROOM

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5TH FLOOR PLAN | NTS

LEGEND 1. BALCONY AREA 2. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE A) 3. LOUNGE 4. LOBBY 5. JANITOR ROOMS 6. OKU TOILET 7. TOILET (M)

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8. TOILET (F) 9. SURAU (F) 10. SURAU (M) 11. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE C) 12. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE B) 13. BALCONY AREA

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6TH FLOOR PLAN | NTS

LEGEND 1. BALCONY AREA 2. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE A) 3. LOUNGE 4. LOBBY 5. JANITOR ROOMS 6. OKU TOILET 7. TOILET (M)

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8. TOILET (F) 9. SURAU (F) 10. SURAU (M) 11. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE C) 12. VRV ROOM 13. UTILITY ROOM 14. RENTAL OFFICE (TYPE B)

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NORTH ELEVATION

SOUTH ELEVATION A H N A F

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SIDE FACADE VIEW A H N A F

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SECTION Y-Y

SECTION X-X A H N A F

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CO-WORKING SPACE A H N A F

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SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE | NTS A H N A F

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GREEN COURTYARD A H N A F

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CORRIDOR A H N A F

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COMMUNAL SPACE

GYMNASIUM

EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC | NTS A H N A F

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CAFE

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POCKET SPACE

MEETING ROOMS

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CO-WORKING SPACE

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COMMUNAL SPACE A H N A F

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EVENT PLAZA A H N A F

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SKYLIGHT ROOF BAFFLES DETAILS | NTS

1. POLYCARBONATE ROOF High-quality, durable, lightweight, UV resistant & Affordable.

2. ALUMINIUM SHADE PANEL

4. STEEL FRAMING

Durable, low maintenance, sustainable, choice of colours and textures.

Durable, high tensile strength & low maintenance

3. CHS STEEL COLUMN

5. MS TAPERED BEAM FRAMING

Durable, high tensile strength & low maintenance

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Durable, high tensile strength & low maintenance

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LIGHT SHELF DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

MODULAR LIGHT SHELF DETAILS | NTS

Light shelf angle (0°)

3. LOW-E GLASS WINDOW Reflects heat while allowing light to pass through for better energy performance. Can be customized in a variety of types, colors, and thicknesses for improved privacy, protection, and thermal efficiency.

1. WOOD CLADDING PANEL

2. COMPOSITE FACADE PANEL

A high-density laminate timber panel. No maintenance, fire resistance, permeability, thermal insulation, solar and acoustic protection.

Fiberglass-reinforced polymer composite façade panels. Smooth surface, diffusion resistant & low maintenance.

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Light shelf angle (15°) outside

Light shelf angle (15°) inside

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D AY L I G H T S I M U L AT I O N

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S K Y L I G H T RO O F BA F F L E S S T U DY + L I G H T S H E L F S T U DY

OVERALL SIMULATION

+ SKYLIGHT ROOF BAFFLES STUDY

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LIGHT SHELF STUDY

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S K Y L I G H T RO O F BA F F L E S S T U DY + L I G H T S H E L F S T U DY 2nd FLOOR PLAN – CO-WORKING SPACE & RENTAL OFFICE

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3PM

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Synthesis: • Acceptable lux level at 9AM & 3PM area under the skylight • Lux level under the skylight at 12PM, a bit high. But no a issue, because the space under the skylight is landscape & communal space. • Lux level in office areas are acceptable.

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S K Y L I G H T RO O F BA F F L E S S T U DY + L I G H T S H E L F S T U DY 4th FLOOR PLAN – CO-WORKING SPACE & RENTAL OFFICE

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3PM

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S K Y L I G H T RO O F BA F F L E S S T U DY + L I G H T S H E L F S T U DY 6TH FLOOR PLAN - RENTAL OFFICE

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12PM CONSTANT VARIABLE: TIME – 9AM, 12PM & 3PM DATE - 21ST MARCH SKY CONDITION – INTERMEDIATE LIGHT SHELF MATERIAL – COMPOSITE FACADE PANEL READING HEIGHT – 850MM FORM FLOOR LEVEL INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: SKYLIGHT BAFFLES & LIGHT SHELF DEPENDENT VARIABLE: ILLUMINANCE (LUX) Synthesis: • Acceptable lux level at 9AM, 12AM & 3PM area under the skylight • Lux level in office areas are acceptable.

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S U M M A R Y D AY L I G H T S T R AT E G I E S

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Skylight roof baffles

Light shelf & facade design

Green courtyard

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D E V E L O P M E N T DATA

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D E V E L O P M E N T DATA

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D E V E L O P M E N T DATA

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D E V E L O P M E N T DATA

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CONCLUSION The conclusion, explained on the achievement of three main objectives through data collection and data analysis. Objective 1: To identify the issues and solutions for daylighting in an office building in Malaysia. The first objective was to set up research into daylighting in office buildings in Malaysia. Research into this was crucial for understanding issues and working out solutions for daylighting, especially at the initial stage of the building design. It was found that office buildings with high energy consumption on artificial lighting and cooling loads were, in the main, due to a lack of consideration for daylighting at the initial design stage. Therefore, it was found that identifying this issue early and using available daylighting solutions would aid in better energy performance, as buildings would then decrease their dependency on artificial lighting. This objective was achieved by analysing and comparing existing research. In short, research backed up the issues of daylighting – that is, excessive glare, intensive solar heat gain and higher levels of sickness, less productivity, motivation and creativity in spaces that lacked daylight. Hence, all of the above-mentioned daylighting issues need to be taken into consideration when looking to optimise daylighting in office buildings.

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Objective 3: To evaluate the design of skylight roof baffles and others daylight strategies for optimising daylighting performance using simulation software The third research objective was to evaluate the design of skylight baffles so that daylight could be optimised in office buildings, using simulation software. With the assistance of literature reviews and the analyses of other research methodologies, further research and simulations are being carried out using VILUX daylighting software. As a conclusion, a few alternatives to daylighting performance into office building are suggested. Simulations also proved that skylight roof baffles offer better daylight strategy to filter daylight into the interior and distribute daylight more evenly. Apart from that, the light shelf also helps to penetrate daylight deeper into the interior and distribute daylight more evenly than bare windows. Both daylight strategies offer good illuminance of 300-400lux and reducing direct sunlight, but increased glare on vertical planes has to be noted.

Objective 2: To identify the design characteristics of skylight roof baffles in order to improve daylighting performance Strategies for skylight roof baffles are implemented through analyses and comparison of four design characteristics in skylight roof baffles. The four skylight roof baffles designs is simulated and it can be concluded that, compared to other designs, skylight roof baffles that have vertical elements rotated 45 degree parallel to the building orientation have the best performance with lowest solar heat gain, despite larger exposed surface area. Therefore, the design characteristics of skylight roof baffles is one of the important design considerations when optimising daylighting in office building designs. A H N A F

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REFERENCES

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THANK YOU

AHNAF BIN SAMSURY | MBE191077 | 2020/2021-1