Parametric_Analysis_Softwares

A N A LY S I S S O F T WA R E S FYDA SEM II 2O19-2O2O DA1913 AHTESHAN GANACHARI

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AHTESHAN GANACHARI

D r. B h a nube n Nan avat i Co llege o f Arch i tec tu re

Digital Architecture Analysis Softwares at BNCA 2019 Examiner: Kaushik Sardesai, Vinita Wagh, Supriya Dhamale

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CONTENT

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U R B A N M A P P I N G A N A LY S I S 1.1 Elk Maps 1.2 Elk Topography- Terrain Generation

E N V I R O N M E N T A N A LY S I S 2.1 Sun-path Analysis 2.2 Sunlight Hours 2.3 Solar Radiation Analysis 2.4 Radiation Rose 2.5 Shade and Shadow Analysis 2.6 Shading Designer 2.7 View Rose 2.8 Wind Rose 2.9 Psychometric Chart 2.10 Annual Bar Chart

S LO P E A N A LY S I S 3.1 Slope Elevation 3.2 Slope Degree

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N E T W O R K A N A LY S I S 4.1 Space Syntax 4.2 Integration 4.3 Choice/Betweenness

G A L A PA G O S 5.1 Algorithm - 1 5.2 Algorithm - 2

AGENT BASED MODELING 6.1 Physarealm 6.2 Quelea

O C TO P U S 7.1 Algorithm- 1 7.2 Algorithm- 2 5

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CH1

U R B A N M A P P I N G A N A LY S I S

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SYDNEY

33 O86’4’’ N / 151 O22’14’’W N

Buildings Water Railways Highways Waterways 8

ELK MAPS

1.1Urban Mapping Analysis

Elk is a set of tools to generate map and topographical surfaces using open source data from OpenStreetMap.org (OSM) and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data from NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

OSM File Path

Railways

Location component to get any type of data as an output, it has all the data of the OSM map which when attached with different components of land-use, will give different results

Highways

Waterways

Buildings

3D Building Generator 9

SYDNEY

33 O86’4’’ N / 151 O22’14’’W N

Major Contours Major Contours 10

1.2-

E L K TO P O G R A P H Y- T E R R A I N G E N E R AT I O N Urban Mapping Analysis

To generate a topography, Elk uses data that originates from Shuttle Topography Mission (SRTM) of 2000. The Topography component can be used to generate points, curves, and a surface from various Digital Elevation Model (DEM) file formats.

Longitude

File path input

Elk Topography Component

Latitude Output Surface

Topography Scaled to the OSM Latitude and Longitude

Output Surface Contour

Major

Minor

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CH2

E N V I R O N M E N T A N A LY S I S

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SYDNEY

January to March N

Sun- Path Diagram - Latitude: -33.85 Hourly Data: Dry Bulb Temperature (C) Sydney RO-Observatory Hill_NSW_AUS

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2.1-

S U N - PAT H A N A LY S I S Environment Analysis

Sun path component is used to make a 3D sun-path in Rhinoceros. The component output sun vectors that can be used for sunlight hour analysis or shading design with other ladybug component.

Location for the analysis

Scaling of the sun-path as per the context & setting of sun-path at the center of the context EPW- Energy Plus Weather file input

Annual Data Input To bake the geometry

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SYDNEY 23rd June 10:00 N

Sunlight Hour Analysis

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2.2-

S U N L I G H T A N A LY S I S Environment Analysis

Calculating the number of hours of direct sunlight received by input geometry using sun vectors from the sun-path component.

Geometry to be analyzed for direct sunlight hours

This component uses Radiance’s gendaymtx function to calculate the sky’s radiation for each hour of the year.

Elevation

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SYDNEY

1st June 12:00 - 8th August 15:00 N

Radiation Analysis Sydney_RO_Observatory_Hill_NSW_AUS_1994 1 JUN 12:00 - 8 AUG 15:00

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2.3-

R A D I AT I O N A N A LY S I S Environment Analysis

Ladybug Radiation Analysis component is used to calculate the radiation falling on the input geometry. No reflection of sunlight is included in the radiation analysis with this component.

The component calculates the sky’s radiation for each hour of the year. This is a necessary per-setup before doing Radiation analysis.

Geometry Context

Analysis Period sets the period for which the geometry needs to be tested.

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SYDNEY

1st June 12:00 - 8th August 15:00 N

Radiation Analysis Sydney_RO_Observatory_Hill_NSW_AUS_1994 1 JUN 12:00 - 8 AUG 15:00

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2.3-

R A D I AT I O N A N A LY S I S Environment Analysis

Radiation Analysis when the context becomes the geometry.

How radiations are affecting the ground surface is calculated when the context is input as geometry and geometry as context in radiation component.

The component calculates the sky’s radiation for each hour of the year. This is a necessary per-setup before doing Radiation analysis.

Context Geometry

Analysis Period sets the period for which the geometry needs to be tested.

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2.4-

SHADE & SHADOW Environment Analysis

This component is used to generate outline curves representing shadows cast by input _geometry for a given sun-vector.

Geometry for shade and shadow analysis Shade Shadow

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2.5-

SHADING DESIGNER Environment Analysis

This component is used to generate shading breps for any glazed surface or list of glazed surfaces. Simple depth method, which will generate an overhang of the speficied depth (or multiple overhangs if the _numOfShds is increased).

Depth of Overhang Number of Overhang Geometry for which shading component is to be designed List of glazed surfaces

Overhangs

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2.6-

R A D I AT I O N R O S E Environment Analysis N

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Total Radiation (kWh/m ) Sydney RO- Observatory Hill_NSW_AUS 1JAN 1:00 - 1 MAR 24:00 2

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Diffuse Radiation (kWh/m ) Sydney RO- Observatory Hill_NSW_AUS 1JAN 1:00 - 1 MAR 24:00 2

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Direct Radiation (kWh/m2) Sydney RO- Observatory Hill_NSW_AUS 1JAN 1:00 - 1 MAR 24:00

VIEW ROSE

2.7Environment Analysis N

To see the area visible from a given viewpoint across a 2D plane of vision.

The component created a orange circular surface in this plane of vision that is interrupted by context geometry to show the places that can be seen through this context geometry. Where as the blue circular surface shows blocked vision.

Blocked View View Point Context View Point

Visibility Radius

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2.8N

In the Wind Rose diagram, each wedge represents the percentage of time the wind came from that direction during the analysis period chosen. The colors in wedge conveys the relative percentage of time the wind coming from the direction was within that seed range.

NNW

WIND ROSE

Environment Analysis N

NNE

NW

m/s

NE

14.40 12.96

WNW WNW

ENE

11.52 10.08 8.64 7.20

E

W

5.76 4.32 2.88

It requires Wind speed as the main data which needs to be input through EPW component

ESE

WSW

1.44 0.00

SW

SE SSW

SSE S

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Wind-Rose Sydney RO- Observatory Hill_NSW_AUS 1 JUN 12:00 - 8 AUG 15:00 Hourly Data: Wind Speed (m/s) Calm for 0.00% of the time= 0 hours.

Each closed polyline shows frequency of 0.3% = 4 hours

2.9-

P S YC H R O M E T R I C S C H A R T Environment Analysis

A psychrometric chart is a graphical representation of the psychometric processes of air. Psychrometric processes include physical and thermodynamic properties such as dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, humidity, enthalpy, and air density.

A psychrometric chart can be used in two different ways. The first is done by plotting multiple data points, that represent the air conditions at a specific time, on the chart. Then, overlaying an area that identifies the “comfort zone.” The comfort zone is defined as the range within occupants are satisfied with the surrounding thermal conditions.

After plotting the air conditions and overlaying the comfort zone, it becomes possible to see how passive design strategies can extend the comfort zone.

Activity: Sitting Psychometric Chart Sydney RO- Observatory Hill_NSW_AUS 10 AUG 1:00 - 1 MAR 24:00

The polygon represents comfort in relation to thermal stress

Activity: Standing Psychometric Chart Sydney RO- Observatory Hill_NSW_AUS 10 AUG 1:00 - 1 MAR 24:00

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2.10-

A N N UA L B A R C H A R T Environment Analysis

Relative Humidity (%) - Hourly Sydney RO- Observatory Hill_NSW_AUS 1 JAN 1: 00 - 31 DEC 24: 00

Dry Bulb Temperature (C) - Hourly Sydney RO- Observatory Hill_NSW_AUS 1 JAN 1: 00 - 31 DEC 24: 00

Horizontal Infrared Radiation Intensity (Wh/m2) - Hourly Sydney RO- Observatory Hill_NSW_AUS 1 JAN 1: 00 - 31 DEC 24: 00 28

2.10-

A N N UA L B A R C H A R T Environment Analysis

Use this component to make a 3D chart in the Rhino scene of any climate data or hourly simulation data.

Horizontal Infrared Radiation Intensity

Dry Bulb Temperature

Relative Humidity

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CH3

S LO P E A N A LY S I S

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SYDNEY

33 O86’4’’ N / 151 O22’14’’W

Slope Elevation

Slope Degree 32

Lowest Point Highest Point

Highest Point Lowest Point

3.1-

S LO P E E L E VAT I O N & S LO P E D E G R E E Slope Analysis

Slope Elevation

Slope elevation is done using the point of terrain mesh to obtain the distance between highest and lowest point. Obtained domain is used to get color gradient on the terrain mesh.

Slope Degree

Slope degree is done by dividing the terrain surface in equal U and V count, then surface normals of subdivided surfaces are used to determine the angle at which each surface is placed.

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CH4

N E T W O R K A N A LY S I S

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4.1-

S PA C E S Y N TA X

Network Analysis

RESTAURANT RECREATIONAL SPACES ELECTRONIC SERVICES PASSIVE SAFETY SERVICES

RAPID PROTOTYPING

CALCULATION & STIMULATION

TEST SERVICES Areas CALCULATION & STIMULATION RAPID PROTOTYPING ELECTRONIC SERVICES PROCESS SERVICES TEST SERVICES PASSIVE SAFETY SERVICES RESTAURANT RECREATIONAL SPACES

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-898 sqm -1226 sqm -489 sqm -876 sqm -1313 sqm -280 sqm -217 sqm -513 sqm

PROCESS SERVICES

4.1-

S PA C E S Y N TA X

Network Analysis

RESTAURANT

RECREATIONAL SPACES

PASSIVE SAFETY SERVICES

TEST SERVICES ELECTRONIC SERVICES

RAPID PROTOTYPING

CALCULATION & STIMULATION

PROCESS SERVICES

A tool draws an interactive bubble diagram and a set of tools reveal feasible geometric interpretations of the proposed bubble diagram in terms of plan layout graphs. Offering real-time Space Syntax analyses at the same time, the tools provide feedback on the spatial performance, which is translatable into the likely social performance of the plan layout patterns.

The subtle fact about a bubble diagram is that it is a comprehensible con-figurative tool for designers and at the same time for computer programs and that it does not suggest a single geometric form. Bubble diagrams convey very important meanings that may not be seen easily by bare eyes; for instance they implicate which spaces are to be relatively private and which ones are to be communal and much more.

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4.2-

I N T E G R AT I O N

Network Analysis

N Integration is a normalised measure of distance from any a space of origin to all others in a system. In general, it calculates how close the origin space is to all other spaces, and can be seen as the measure of relative asymmetry (or relative depth)

Private Semi-Public Public

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4.2-

CHOICE/BET WEENNESS

Network Analysis

N In graph theory, betweenness is a measure of centrality in a graph based on shortest paths. For every pair of vertices in a connected graph, there exists at least one shortest path between the vertices such that either the number of edges that the path passes through or the sum of the weights of the edges is minimized. The betweenness centrality for each vertex is the number of these shortest paths that pass through the vertex.

Moderately Used Most Used Least Used

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CH5

G A L A PA G O S

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5.1-

A LG O R I T H M - 1 Galapagos

Curve 1

Curve 2 Possible circles tangent to curve 1 & 2

Curve 1

Curve 2 Galapagos optimized solution for minimum area 42

Graph shows how much percent of genome to be displayed which can be chosen from the buttons given above graph.

5.2-

A LG O R I T H M - 2 Galapagos

Original geometry inscribed in a box

It shows the value for all the population that are input.

Optimized for minimum box area

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CH6

AGENT BASED MODELING

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SYDNEY

33 O86’4’’ N / 151 O22’14’’W N

Emitter Food

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Physarealm

6.1-

PHYSAREALM

Agent Based Modeling

Physarum polycephalum, literally the “many-headed slime”, is a slime mold that inhabits shady, cool, moist areas, such as decaying leaves and logs. P. polycephalum is one of the easiest eukaryotic microbes to grow in culture, and has been used as a model organism for many studies involving amoeboid movement and cell motility. For example, a team of Japanese and Hungarian researchers have shown P. polycephalum can solve the Shortest path problem. When grown in a maze with oatmeal at two spots, P. polycephalum retracts from everywhere in the maze, except the shortest route connecting the two food sources.

Which in this case railway stations in Sydney(33O86’4’’ N / 151O22’14’’W) are considered as food and various nodes act as food. In order to determine the shortest path between railway stations and selected nodes.

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QUELEA

6.2Agent Based Modeling

Emitter

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Quelea

QUELEA

6.2Agent Based Modeling The Red-billed Quelea is restricted to Africa where it occurs in semi-arid areas,feeding principally on native grasses but when these are scarce the birds will attack the seedheads of crops.

In this case it allows to create complex simulations, analyses, and forms through the combination of simple rules. Quelea provides an intuitive interface to experiment with particle systems, agents/boids, braitenberg vehicles, and everything in-between and beyond.

The orange dot in the diagram is the emitter and white box around it acts as the environment. Movement of quelea partials happens inside this box whit 0.025 force in Z direction.

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CH7

O C TO P U S

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7.1-

A LG O R I T H M - 1 Octopus

Iterations Delaunay Mesh

Optimization Graph

Optimized Iterations 52

Aim to achieve

7.1-

A LG O R I T H M - 1 Octopus

Octopus introduces multi fitness values to the optimization. The best-offs between tose objectives are searched, producing a set of possible optimum solutions that ideally reach from one extreme trade-off to the other.

In this case it is used to achieve maximum volume, maximum internal courtyard, maximum central courtyard.

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7.2-

A LG O R I T H M - 2 Octopus

Iterations Optimization Graph

Optimized Iterations 54

Aim to achieve

7.2-

A LG O R I T H M - 2 Octopus

In this case octopus used to achieve maximum volume, minimum radius of spheres sculpted from the geometry.

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2O19-2O2O

D r. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Archi tec ture

A N A LY S I S S O F T WA R E S AHTESHAN GANACHARI