BERLIN
Hannah Melzer Tonia Ludwing Aida Navidbakhsh
History
BERLIN, HAUPTBAHNHOF (CENTRAL STATION)
2
YEAR OF REALIZATION: MAY 26, 2006 CITY INHABITANTS: 3.748 MILLION ANNUAL PASSENGERS’ NUMBER: 111'600'000 ARCHITECTS: MEINHARD VON GERKAN TRACKS NUMBER: 16 STATION TFA : 175,000 M2 TRANSPORTATION CONNECTION: UNDERGROUND RAILWAY, TRAMWAY, BUS, METRO
In October 1838 Berlin got its first railway line. It ran from Potsdamer Platz exactly 26.3 kilometres to Potsdam. More lines soon followed. Private railway companies financed, built and operated the lines which ended at termini in Berlin. With one exception these were all at the gates to the city. They were named after the respective destination of the lines. In 1912 Berlin had six large terminal stations: Schlesischer Bahnhof, Görlitzer Bahnhof, Potsdamer Bahnhof, Lehrter Bahnhof, Stettiner Bahnhof and Anhalter Bahnhof. Lehrter Bahnhof was built between 1869 and 1871 for the line from Berlin to Lehrte, near Hannover. When in 1884 the neighbouring Luftbilder 1928, Maßstab 1:4 000 station Hamburger Bahnhof was closed, the trains also left for Hamburg, Bremen and Bremerhaven from Lehrter Bahnhof. A lot of stops were built for passenger and goods traffic on the grounds on the west of the Spreewiesen to the west of the Humboldt Hafen (port) and on the Moabiter Werder.
2002
5 Luftbilder 1953, Maßstab 1:22 000
2002
The platforms of Lehrter Bahnhof were covered by an impressive hall-type roof which was given a representative cupola as set out in the plans of the builders Lent, Scholz and Lapierre. Countless historic events are connected with Lehrter Bahnhof: Reichschancellor Bismarck’s retirement from politics in 1890, the test-rides of engineer Franz Kruckenberg with his “rail zeppelin” in 1930 and the beginning of an express service with the diesel railcar “Flying Hamburger” in 1933. Lehrter Bahnhof suffered severe bomb damage in 1943. With the division of Germany, the station ceased to be important. The station at Berlin Friedrichstrasse had been the departure and arrival point for express services between the two zones since 1948. In 1952 Lehrter Bahnhof was closed to all rail traffic; the ruins of the once magnificent building were blown up in 1959. For decades, only the name of the nearby S-Bahn station “Lehrter Stadtbahnhof ” recalled the former longdistance railway station in the heart of Berlin. Lehrter Stadtbahnhof was pulled down in 2002 to make way for the last, large building excavation for the new station, Hauptbahnhof.
1935 1
6
3 Digitale Schwarz-Weiß-Orthophotos 2006 (DOP15PAN)
1928
1953
1992
4
Legend
Legend
1.Berlin-Mitte/Downtown (Historical Area) 2.Berlin
0
2.25km
2004
2006
2013
Geoportal Berlin, PDF erstellt am 23.03.2020
Accessibility
1.Invalidenstraße 2.Underground Railway 3.Railway 4. Tunnel Tiergarten
5.River 6.Railway Station
0
120m
Geoportal Berlin, PDF erstellt am 23.03.2020 EAST
4
1
2
3 TAXI TAXI
7
7
7
7
5
6
Legend
1.Main Hall (Circulation) 2.Stores, Offices and facilities 3.Car parking garage 4. Tram station
5.Tram station 6.Spreebogen Park 7.Hotel TAXI TAXI
Taxi Station
Underground Railway Railway Bus Line Bus Station
0
105m
NORTH Groundfloor Public Transport
WEST Level -2
SOUTH
Geoportal Berlin, PDF erstellt am 23.03.2020
GSEducationalVersion
Main Hall + Circulation Shops + Restaurants
Transparency Movementflow
Main Entrances Side Entrances 1st Floor
0
90m
0
30m
GSEducationalVersion
Construction Phase
The glazed halls The platform hall, 430 m long and orientated in an east-westerly direction, is spanned with a large, light-weight glass roof with a length of 321 m. It intersects two buildings with their location and alignment defining the north-south part of the train station located underground. From an urban planning and architectural aspect, these socalled arch buildings form a unity with the glass halls of the train station. The north-south station hall, 45 m wide and 159 m long, is located between these buildings and is also covered by a fine vaulted glass roof structure. The hall offers an inviting gesture towards the Moabit district on one side as well as the government district on the other; consequently, taking on an additional connecting function between the government district and the urban quarter. The glass roof of the north-south orientated entrance hall is connected to the lateral arch buildings. The vaulted glass surface of the roof is supported by 4.7 m high fish beams resting on the external load-bearing structure of the arch buildings.
1
2 entrance Europa Platz
The glass roof structure of the eastwest platform hall 4
The above-ground, curved urban railway bridges, running in an east-westerly direction, with a total of six tracks and three platforms located in between, are column-free and spanned with a light-weight shell construction that is vaulted in three directions. The curved frames are positioned at a spacing of 1.5 m to 1.7 m in the longitudinal direction, which together with longitudinal frames located in between form almost square (respectively rectangular) net modules. Each of these modules is diagonally braced with cables and covered with glass. The combination of vaults, longitudinal beams, and diagonal cables forms a shelllike structure. The underlying idea of the climate concept is the air-exchange by means of natural ventilation. Supported by the curved form of the glass roof, the heated air in the interior rises to the top. Cool, fresh air is led into the building in the eaves area, whilst the warm, used air escapes through awning windows in the ridge. Corresponding to the “weather envelope” concept, a single glazing was planned for the east-westerly roof structure. In order to achieve an improved interior climate, the glazing was completely made from sun visor glass. In the area of the most effective insolation angle, approximately 8.4 per cent of the roof surface in the south is covered with photovoltaic modules, which provide additional shading for the platform area.
0
30m
east entrance
2
Level +2
The new Berlin Haupbahnhof – Lehrter Bahnhof is built almost on the site of the old Lehrter Bahnhof. At the intersection point of the north-south line with the rapid transit city railway line running from east to west, the trains from Hamburg and Munich, or from Frankfurt am Main and Frankfurt an der Oder cross. The volume of rail traffic that the new Berlin Haupbahnhof – Lehrter Bahnhof will have to cope with will be more than anything it has had to cope with in the past. Studies predict that it will be used by 300,000 users daily, including 110,000 people getting on, off and changing long-distance express and regional express trains. Trains leave here every 90 seconds, heading in all directions. Some 500 long-distance express and regional express trains arrive at the station daily on the north-south line. On the light city line 260 long-distance express and regional express trains each day are expected. In addition, up to 1000 S-Bahn trains come in every day. The new station is situated in the centre of Berlin, more or less halfway between the eastern and western centre of the city, halfway between Alexanderplatz and Breitscheidplatz. Opposite the station is the new Government Centre. The Reichstag, the Office of the Federal Chancellor and the offices of the members of the Bundestag as well as the Federal Ministries and the embassies are only a few steps away. The new Berlin Hauptbahnhof – Lehrter Bahnhof is embedded in a newly developing city district with several blocks of buildings and the historic port of Humboldt Hafen, shortly to be rebuilt. The station plays an important role in filling the surrounding area with life: It is the motor, the initial ignition sparking off the entire development of the surrounding area. To emphasise the station as a crossing station architectonically, the architects Gerkan, Marg & Partner have planned two office buildings running along the north-south axis above the station. With a building height of 46 metres, the office buildings are striking and dominant. In the bow-shaped constructions, each with twelve storeys, some 50,000 square metres of gross surface area is being erected. The traffic of the train station is organised on three levels: Level -2: Long-distance and regional lines from north to south, underground line U5 Level ±0: Local public transport, individual transport (access road, short-term car park), bicycles and pedestrians, tourist transport (coaches) Level +1: Long-distance and regional lines on the urban railway lines (S3, S5, S6, S7, and S9) The new central station has a total floor area of 175 000 m2, with approximately 15 000 m2 reserved for shops and gastronomy. 50 000 m2 are provided as office space in the arch buildings, while 5500 m2 serve for operational railway use as well as 21 000 m2 as circulation area. The platforms cover an area of 32 000 m2, and the garage covers 25 000 m2.
3
1+ 2
5
3
entrance Washington Platz
4
5
Ground floor
Legend
1.Berlin-Mitte/Downtown (Historical Area) 2.Berlin
0
2.25km
History
In October 1838 Berlin got its first railway line. It ran from Potsdamer Platz exactly 26.3 kilometres to Potsdam. More lines soon followed. Private railway companies financed, built and operated the lines which ended at termini in Berlin. With one exception these were all at the gates to the city. They were named after the respective destination of the lines. In 1912 Berlin had six large terminal stations: Schlesischer Bahnhof, Görlitzer Bahnhof, Potsdamer Bahnhof, Lehrter Bahnhof, Stettiner Bahnhof and Anhalter Bahnhof. Lehrter Bahnhof was built between 1869 and 1871 for the line from Berlin to Lehrte, near Hannover. When in 1884 the neighbouring station Hamburger Bahnhof was closed, the trains also left for Hamburg, Bremen and Luftbilder 1928, Maßstab 1:4 000 Bremerhaven from Lehrter Bahnhof. A lot of stops were built for passenger and goods traffic on the grounds on the west of the Spreewiesen to the west of the Humboldt Hafen (port) and on the Moabiter Werder.
2002
2002
The platforms of Lehrter Bahnhof were covered by an impressive hall-type roof which was given a representative cupola as set out in the plans of the builders Lent, Scholz and Lapierre. Countless historic events are connected with Lehrter Bahnhof: Reichschancellor Bismarck’s retirement from politics in 1890, the test-rides of engineer Franz Kruckenberg with his “rail zeppelin” in 1930 and the beginning of an express service with the diesel railcar “Flying Hamburger” in 1933. Lehrter Bahnhof suffered severe bomb damage in 1943. With the division of Germany, the station ceased to be important. The station at Berlin Friedrichstrasse had been the departure and arrival point for express services between the two zones since 1948. In 1952 Lehrter Bahnhof was closed to all rail traffic; the ruins of the once magnificent building were blown up in 1959. For decades, only the name of the nearby S-Bahn station “Lehrter Stadtbahnhof ” recalled the former longdistance railway station in the heart of Berlin. Lehrter Stadtbahnhof was pulled down in 2002 to make way for the last, large building excavation for the new station, Hauptbahnhof.
Luftbilder 1953, Maßstab 1:22 000
1935
Digitale Schwarz-Weiß-Orthophotos 2006 (DOP15PAN)
1928
1953
1992
2004
2006
2013
2
5
1
6
3
4
Legend
1.InvalidenstraĂ&#x;e 2.Underground Railway 3.Railway 4. Tunnel Tiergarten
5.River 6.Railway Station Underpass Roads Underground Tunnel
0
120m
4
1
2
2
3 TAXI TAXI
7
7
7
7
5
6
Legend
1.Main Hall (Circulation) 2.Stores, Offices and facilities 3.Car parking garage 4. Tram station
5.Bike sharing 6.Spreebogen Park 7.Hotel Underground Railway
TAXI TAXI
Taxi Station Railway Bus Line Bus Station
0
105m
Accessibility EAST
The new Berlin Haupbahnhof – Lehrter Bahnhof is built almost on the site of the old Lehrter Bahnhof. At the intersection point of the north-south line with the rapid transit city railway line running from east to west, the trains from Hamburg and Munich, or from Frankfurt am Main and Frankfurt an der Oder cross. The volume of rail traffic that the new Berlin Haupbahnhof – Lehrter Bahnhof will have to cope with will be more than anything it has had to cope with in the past. Studies predict that it will be used by 300,000 users daily, including 110,000 people getting on, off and changing long-distance express and regional express trains. Trains leave here every 90 seconds, heading in all directions. Some 500 long-distance express and regional express trains arrive at the station daily on the north-south line. On the light city line 260 long-distance express and regional express trains each day are expected. In addition, up to 1000 S-Bahn trains come in every day. The new station is situated in the centre of Berlin, more or less halfway between the eastern and western centre of the city, halfway between Alexanderplatz and Breitscheidplatz. Opposite the station is the new Government Centre. The Reichstag, the Office of the Federal Chancellor and the offices of the members of the Bundestag as well as the Federal Ministries and the embassies are only a few steps away. The new Berlin Hauptbahnhof – Lehrter Bahnhof is embedded in a newly developing city district with several blocks of buildings and the historic port of Humboldt Hafen, shortly to be rebuilt. The station plays an important role in filling the surrounding area with life: It is the motor, the initial ignition sparking off the entire development of the surrounding area. To emphasise the station as a crossing station architectonically, the architects Gerkan, Marg & Partner have planned two office buildings running along the north-south axis above the station. With a building height of 46 metres, the office buildings are striking and dominant. In the bow-shaped constructions, each with twelve storeys, some 50,000 square metres of gross surface area is being erected. The traffic of the train station is organised on three levels: Level -2: Long-distance and regional lines from north to south, underground line U5 Level ±0: Local public transport, individual transport (access road, short-term car park), bicycles and pedestrians, tourist transport (coaches) Level +1: Long-distance and regional lines on the urban railway lines (S3, S5, S6, S7, and S9) The new central station has a total floor area of 175 000 m2, with approximately 15 000 m2 reserved for shops and gastronomy. 50 000 m2 are provided as office space in the arch buildings, while 5500 m2 serve for operational railway use as well as 21 000 m2 as circulation area. The platforms cover an area of 32 000 m2, and the garage covers 25 000 m2.
Level +2
NORTH Groundfloor Public Transport
WEST Level -2
SOUTH
GSEducationalVersion
Main Hall + Circulation Shops + Restaurants
Transparency Movementflow
0
90m
0
30m
Construction Phase The glazed halls The platform hall, 430 m long and orientated in an east-westerly direction, is spanned with a large, light-weight glass roof with a length of 321 m. It intersects two buildings with their location and alignment defining the north-south part of the train station located underground. From an urban planning and architectural aspect, these socalled arch buildings form a unity with the glass halls of the train station. The north-south station hall, 45 m wide and 159 m long, is located between these buildings and is also covered by a fine vaulted glass roof structure. The hall offers an inviting gesture towards the Moabit district on one side as well as the government district on the other; consequently, taking on an additional connecting function between the government district and the urban quarter. The glass roof of the north-south orientated entrance hall is connected to the lateral arch buildings. The vaulted glass surface of the roof is supported by 4.7 m high fish beams resting on the external load-bearing structure of the arch buildings.
1
The glass roof structure of the east-west platform hall The above-ground, curved urban railway bridges, running in an east-westerly direction, with a total of six tracks and three platforms located in between, are column-free and spanned with a light-weight shell construction that is vaulted in three directions. The curved frames are positioned at a spacing of 1.5 m to 1.7 m in the longitudinal direction, which together with longitudinal frames located in between form almost square (respectively rectangular) net modules. Each of these modules is diagonally braced with cables and covered with glass. The combination of vaults, longitudinal beams, and diagonal cables forms a shelllike structure. The underlying idea of the climate concept is the air-exchange by means of natural ventilation. Supported by the curved form of the glass roof, the heated air in the interior rises to the top. Cool, fresh air is led into the building in the eaves area, whilst the warm, used air escapes through awning windows in the ridge. Corresponding to the “weather envelope� concept, a single glazing was planned for the east-westerly roof structure. In order to achieve an improved interior climate, the glazing was completely made from sun visor glass. In the area of the most effective insolation angle, approximately 8.4 per cent of the roof surface in the south is covered with photovoltaic modules, which provide additional shading for the platform area.
2
4
3
1+ 2
5
3
4
5
east entrance
entrance Europa Platz
entrance Washington Platz
Ground floor
0
30m
KYOTO
Hannah Melzer Tonia Ludwing Aida Navidbakhsh
KYOTO, KYOTO STATION
History
YEAR OF REALIZATION: 1997 CITY INHABITANTS: 1'466'264 ANNUAL PASSENGERS’ NUMBER: 71'200'000 ARCHITECTS: HIROSHI HARA TRACKS NUMBER: 18 JR, 4 KINTETSO, 2UNDERGROUND STATION TFA : 237.689 M2 TRANSPORTATION CONNECTION: RAILWAY, TRAMWAY, BUS, METRO,KYOTO LINE, JR WEST
The governmental railway from Kobe reached Kyoto on September 5, 1876, but the station was under construction and a temporary facility called Ōmiya-dōri (Ōmiya Street) Temporary Station was used until the opening of the main station. The first Kyoto Station opened for service by decree of Emperor Meiji on February 5, 1877. In 1889, the railway became a part of the trunk line to Tokyo (Tokaido Main Line). Subsequently, the station became the terminal of two private railways, Nara Railway (1895, present-day Nara Line) and Kyoto Railway (1897, present-day Sagano Line), that connected the station with southern and northern regions of Kyoto Prefecture, respectively. The station was replaced by a newer, Renaissance-inspired facility in 1914, which featured a broad square (the site of demolished first station) leading from the station to Shichijō Avenue. Before and during World War II, the square was often used by imperial motorcades when Emperor Showa traveled between Kyoto and Tokyo. The station was spacious and designed to handle a large number of people, but when a few thousand people gathered to bid farewell to naval recruits on January 8, 1934, 77 people were crushed to death. This station burned to the ground in 1950, and was replaced by a more utilitarian concrete facility in 1952. The current Kyoto Station opened in 1997, commemorating Kyoto’s 1,200th anniversary. It is 70 meters high and 470 meters from east to west, with a total floor area of 238,000 square meters. Architecturally, it exhibits many characteristics of futurism, with a slightly irregular cubic façade of plate glass over a steel frame. The architect was Hiroshi Hara. Kyoto, one of the least modern cities in Japan by virtue of its many cultural heritage sites, was largely reluctant to accept such an ambitious structure in the mid-1990s: The station’s completion began a wave of new high-rise developments in the city that culminated in the 20-story Kyocera Building. Aside from the main building on the north side of the station, the Hachijō-guchi building on the south side was built to house Tokaido Shinkansen which started operation in 1964. The underground facilities of the station, including the shopping mall Porta beneath the station square, were constructed when the subway opened in 1981.
1
2
Legend
2
10 1700
1914
5
1 4
3
1877
6
1914
Legend
1.Higashiyama-ku/ Downtown (Historical Area) 2.Kyoto
0
3.5km
11
1952
1997
1.Station Building 2.Subway (Karasume Line) 3.Hachijo-dori Street 4.Railway
7
8
5.Shiokoji-dori Street 6.Aburanokoji-dosi Street 7.Nishinotoin-dori Street 8.Takeda-kaido Street
9.Kawaramachi-dori Street 10.River 11.Karasuma-dori Street Underpass Rosds
9
0
350m
Accessibility Kyoto Station can be entered from the north or the south. The north side of the station is called the Karasuma side. This side faces onto Kyoto Bus Station and Kyoto Tower. You will find the main Central Gate (also called the Chuo Gate) for the JR train lines here. The south side of the station is called the Hachijo side because it faces onto Hachijo Street. This side of the station faces onto shopping malls and hotels. In the Hachijo side of the station building you will find the Shinkansen platforms and Kintetsu Kyoto Station. There are two main routes connecting the north and south of the station building. On the second floor, to the west of the Central Gate, there is a pedestrian walkway that runs north – south past the Isetan department store, and then past the West Gate for the JR Lines, as far the Shinkansen tracks and Kintetsu Kyoto Station.
4
Shop and Resturant
Office
Platforms
Ticket
2
4
1 3
TAXI TAXI
Rooftop Sky Walk
Great Staircase
Level +10 Level +9 Level +8 Level +7
Level +6
Department Store
Level +5 Level +4 Level +3 Level +2
Kyoto Theater Hotel
Level +1 Groundlevel
Level -2
Subway
Level -3
1.Station Building 2.Underground Mall 3.Pedestrian walkway and platforms 4.Car parking and rental
Railway Bus Line Bus Station
Museum
Parking
Pedestrian Walkway to Platforms
Shopping Mall „The Cube“
Level -1
Legend
Central Gate Central Concourse
Tourist Information Center
Shopping Mall „Porta“
Underground Railway Subway (Karasume Line) TAXI TAXI
Taxi Station
0
150m
0
45m
On the east side of the station building there is also an underground passage that connects the two sides of the station. Walking from the south back to the north, this passage connects the Shinkansen tracks, the JR Lines and Kyoto Subway Station, before continuing on into Porta underground shopping complex. Kyoto Subway Lines T h e Ky o t o Mu n i c i p a l Su b w a y i s a n underground railway network with just two lines: the Karasuma Subway Line which runs north to south, and the Tozai Subway Line which runs east to west. These two lines are connected at Karasuma Oike Station. Although this subway system is quite limited, it can be used in combination with other bus and railway networks to access most areas of the city. The Karasuma Subway Line runs between Kokusaikaikan Station in the north and Takeda Station in the south. This line is especially useful as it provides a quick connection between Kyoto Station and Kyoto’s city center at Shijo Station. In general Kyoto City Bus operates within the central city area, and Kyoto Bus serves the more outlying areas.
Construction Phase 4
3
The giant futuristic glass structure replaced the old Kyoto station, which burned down in 1952. “The futuristic glass structure replaced the old Kyoto station, which burned down in 1952.” In 1995 contracts were awarded for the construction of Kyoto Station to a design / build joint venture of Fluor Daniel of the US and Obayashi Corporation of Japan. The contract also involved three local Kyoto contractors. The Kyoto Station houses the train station and a host of other facilities. The train and subway platforms spread out beneath the building, which was constructed over them. “The new Kyoto Station marked the beginning of a new era of high-rise developments in the city.” The station’s unique cubic façade was constructed with glass plates placed over steel frames. The 70m-high station building stretches 470m from east to west and covers a huge floor area of 238,000m². The grand staircase of the station has 171 steps and is used to host events such as live concerts and comedy shows at weekends. The station building plays host to a lot of facilities and activities and has formed a multi-functional space in Kyoto.
0
60m
Scale: 1_1500
GSEducationalVersion
1
2
Ground floor
0
50m
2
Legend
1
1.Higashiyama-ku/ Downtown (Historical Area) 2.Kyoto
0
3.5km
History
The governmental railway from Kobe reached Kyoto on September 5, 1876, but the station was under construction and a temporary facility called Ōmiya-dōri (Ōmiya Street) Temporary Station was used until the opening of the main station. The first Kyoto Station opened for service by decree of Emperor Meiji on February 5, 1877. In 1889, the railway became a part of the trunk line to Tokyo (Tokaido Main Line). Subsequently, the station became the terminal of two private railways, Nara Railway (1895, present-day Nara Line) and Kyoto Railway (1897, present-day Sagano Line), that connected the station with southern and northern regions of Kyoto Prefecture, respectively. The station was replaced by a newer, Renaissance-inspired facility in 1914, which featured a broad square (the site of demolished first station) leading from the station to Shichijō Avenue. Before and during World War II, the square was often used by imperial motorcades when Emperor Showa traveled between Kyoto and Tokyo. The station was spacious and designed to handle a large number of people, but when a few thousand people gathered to bid farewell to naval recruits on January 8, 1934, 77 people were crushed to death. This station burned to the ground in 1950, and was replaced by a more utilitarian concrete facility in 1952. The current Kyoto Station opened in 1997, commemorating Kyoto’s 1,200th anniversary. It is 70 meters high and 470 meters from east to west, with a total floor area of 238,000 square meters. Architecturally, it exhibits many characteristics of futurism, with a slightly irregular cubic façade of plate glass over a steel frame. The architect was Hiroshi Hara. Kyoto, one of the least modern cities in Japan by virtue of its many cultural heritage sites, was largely reluctant to accept such an ambitious structure in the mid-1990s: The station’s completion began a wave of new high-rise developments in the city that culminated in the 20-story Kyocera Building. Aside from the main building on the north side of the station, the Hachijō-guchi building on the south side was built to house Tokaido Shinkansen which started operation in 1964. The underground facilities of the station, including the shopping mall Porta beneath the station square, were constructed when the subway opened in 1981.
1700
1914
1877
1914
1952
1997
2
11
10 5
1 4 3
6
Legend
1.Station Building 2.Subway (Karasume Line) 3.Hachijo-dori Street 4.Railway
7
8
5.Shiokoji-dori Street 6.Aburanokoji-dosi Street 7.Nishinotoin-dori Street 8.Takeda-kaido Street
9.Kawaramachi-dori Street 10.River 11.Karasuma-dori Street Underground Rosds
9
0
350m
4 2
4
1 3
TAXI TAXI
Legend
1.Station Building 2.Underground Mall 3.Pedestrian walkway and platforms 4.Car parking and rental
Railway
Underground Railway Subway (Karasume Line)
Bus Line Bus Station
TAXI TAXI
Taxi Station
0
150m
Accessibility Kyoto Station can be entered from the north or the south. The north side of the station is called the Karasuma side. This side faces onto Kyoto Bus Station and Kyoto Tower. You will find the main Central Gate (also called the Chuo Gate) for the JR train lines here. The south side of the station is called the Hachijo side because it faces onto Hachijo Street. This side of the station faces onto shopping malls and hotels. In the Hachijo side of the station building you will find the Shinkansen platforms and Kintetsu Kyoto Station. There are two main routes connecting the north and south of the station building. On the second floor, to the west of the Central Gate, there is a pedestrian walkway that runs north – south past the Isetan department store, and then past the West Gate for the JR Lines, as far the Shinkansen tracks and Kintetsu Kyoto Station.
Shop and Resturant
Office
Platforms
Ticket
Rooftop Sky Walk
Great Staircase
Level +10 Level +9 Level +8 Level +7
Level +6
Department Store
Level +5 Level +4 Level +3 Level +2
Kyoto Theater Hotel
Level +1 Groundlevel
Level -2
Shopping Mall „The Cube“
Level -3
Shopping Mall „Porta“
Level -1
Subway
Central Gate Central Concourse
Tourist Information Center Pedestrian Walkway to Platforms
Museum
Parking
0
45m
0
60m
On the east side of the station building there is also an underground passage that connects the two sides of the station. Walking from the south back to the north, this passage connects the Shinkansen tracks, the JR Lines and Kyoto Subway Station, before continuing on into Porta underground shopping complex. Kyoto Subway Lines T h e Ky o t o Mu n i c i p a l Su b w a y i s a n underground railway network with just two lines: the Karasuma Subway Line which runs north to south, and the Tozai Subway Line which runs east to west. These two lines are connected at Karasuma Oike Station. Although this subway system is quite limited, it can be used in combination with other bus and railway networks to access most areas of the city. The Karasuma Subway Line runs between Kokusaikaikan Station in the north and Takeda Station in the south. This line is especially useful as it provides a quick connection between Kyoto Station and Kyoto’s city center at Shijo Station. In general Kyoto City Bus operates within the central city area, and Kyoto Bus serves the more outlying areas.
4
3
1
2
Construction Phase The giant futuristic glass structure replaced the old Kyoto station, which burned down in 1952. “The futuristic glass structure replaced the old Kyoto station, which burned down in 1952.” In 1995 contracts were awarded for the construction of Kyoto Station to a design / build joint venture of Fluor Daniel of the US and Obayashi Corporation of Japan. The contract also involved three local Kyoto contractors. The Kyoto Station houses the train station and a host of other facilities. The train and subway platforms spread out beneath the building, which was constructed over them. “The new Kyoto Station marked the beginning of a new era of high-rise developments in the city.” The station’s unique cubic façade was constructed with glass plates placed over steel frames. The 70m-high station building stretches 470m from east to west and covers a huge floor area of 238,000m². The grand staircase of the station has 171 steps and is used to host events such as live concerts and comedy shows at weekends. The station building plays host to a lot of facilities and activities and has formed a multi-functional space in Kyoto.
Scale: 1_1500
Ground floor
0
50m