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The frozen frontier Refrigeration goes off the grid with the Chill Challenge Spring 2020 / ISSUE 134

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Spring 2020 / ISSUE 134

The frozen frontier 10

HVAC&R Nation is published by the Australian Institute of Refrigeration, Air conditioning and Heating (Inc). AIRAH – National Office James Harrison Centre 3/1 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia. Tel: 03 8623 3000

Fax: 03 9614 8949

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Magazine team Communications Manager Matthew Dillon matt.dillon@airah.org.au Tel: 03 8623 3000 Editor Mark Vender mark.vender@airah.org.au Tel: 03 8623 3001 Contributing writers Danny Chan Sean McGowan Willow Aliento

The Chill Challenge is an innovation competition that aims to bring refrigeration to off-the-grid communities. Willow Aliento delves into some of the solutions – and shows what they could mean to people around the world.

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HVAC&R Nation regulars

Glenn Douglas glenn.douglas@airah.org.au Tel: 0411 839 667

John McGrath john.mcgrath@airah.org.au Tel: 0419 556 108

ISSN 1834-9522

HVAC&R Nation is printed on paper sourced from well manned forests and other controlled sources.

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Disclaimer HVAC&R Nation is an official publication of the Australian Institute of Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Heating Inc. Statements expressed in HVAC&R Nation do not necessarily reflect the policy or views of AIRAH or its members. No responsibility is accepted by AIRAH, the Editor or HVAC&R Nation’s supply partners for the accuracy of information or for errors or omissions. HVAC&R Nation is distributed without charge to all financial members of AIRAH. The publisher reserves the right to alter or omit any article or advertisement submitted and requires indemnity from advertisers and contributors against damages or liabilities that may arise from material published. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission of the Publisher.

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September 2019

PLEASE CONSIDER THE ENVIRONMENT AND RECYCLE THIS MAGAZINE IF YOU ARE NOT GOING TO KEEP IT.

The Toolshed

Skills Workshop 15

Filter servicing for hospitals and PC3/PC4 facilities

See what’s new in the ‘Shed

Global Update

Industry news from around the world

Exclusive to this issue

Cool Tech

Skydiving on the ground with super-powered fans

Digital developments

What does marketing look like after COVID-19?

AIRAH News

We reveal the winner of the 2020 SA Apprentice of the Year award

Around the Nation

Who’s in the news?

Green Wedge

An Aussie invention to detect wind turbine damage

Exploding the myths

Hydrocarbons are increasingly being touted as an alternative to HFCs for air conditioning and refrigeration. Sean McGowan looks at the potential risks and rewards.

Smoko with …

Q&A with Ashley Flint

Lighter Side

The shonkier side of the nation Spring 2020

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HVAC&R Nation

Ed’s letter

WHAT’S THE BIG SECRET? One nice thing about starting a new job is that you can bring a fresh perspective. Sometimes you notice shortcuts or solutions that don’t occur to people who are used to the status quo.

The wholesalers wouldn’t tell me either, unless I had an account with them. I tried my knowledgeable friends again, but they politely evaded the question, pleaded contractual restrictions, or just didn’t reply to my emails. I was starting to feel like that “price tracker” guy.

Of course, there’s a danger that you come up with an idea and think you’ve just invented sliced bread – without noticing that everyone around you is already eating toasties. When I started at AIRAH (and in the world of HVAC&R) at the start of 2018, there was a lot of focus on the HFC phase-down. Import quotas were being introduced for bulk refrigerant gases, making them more expensive. How much more expensive? That was my first question, to which I received vague and varying responses. Clearly this required investigation, and I immediately came up with the (ahem) brilliant idea of a refrigerant “price tracker”. This tool would help us keep track of the market, and would be a valuable regular section in the mag. With help from some knowledgeable friends, I narrowed the list down to four refrigerants: R404A, R507A, R410A and R134A. Then I boldly went forth to check the prices. How hard could it be? Here’s a tip: you can’t just google it.

Someone eventually explained that it was hard to pin down exact numbers because oftentimes the refrigerants are sold at a discount, and prices can vary around the country. In the end it all became too difficult, and got put into the brilliant ideas file. Seems like it’s easier to find out the market price of certain illicit chemicals in Australia than perfectly legal ones. And why am I going on about all this? Well, because we’re doing our annual refrigeration and refrigerant special of HVAC&R Nation. There’s no price tracker in these pages, but there is a feature on the rising profile of hydrocarbons. Because of the aforementioned HFC phase-down, the world is on the lookout for alternative refrigerants that don’t exacerbate global warming, and hydrocarbons fit the bill. Some claim they also offer efficiency benefits over other refrigerants. There is, however, the small matter of them being highly flammable. Sean McGowan sorts through the issues on page 20.

“So how much for a bottle of R404A?”

Our other feature looks at a worldwide competition to develop refrigeration solutions for off-the-grid communities. Living in Australia, it’s easy to take our cold chain for granted. But about two billion people globally lack access to reliable refrigeration. As I’m sure you’re aware, that has implications for all parts of their lives, from amenity, to food, to basic health. Hope you enjoy the Spring issue – we’ll see you again in December! ■ @AIRAHnews

Mark Vender Editor mark.vender@airah.org.au

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Toolshed 1

Open and shut case

Henry Technologies has announced the launch of its new 93 series three-way dual shut-off valves, with an MWP of 130 Bar.

“The compact design utilises a rotatable ball to optimise flow efficiency and minimise pressure drop upstream during a discharge situation.”

Rotalock fittings are available options for both the inlet and the outlet connections, allowing orientation of both the three-way valve itself and the outlet connections of angled pressure relief valves.

Go to: www.supercool.com.au ■

Go to: www.henry-group.net ■

Foam and function

The Tradie Coil Cleaner is designed to loosen dirt and grime from cooling coils and rotor blades inside air conditioning units and restore their operating performance. The Australian-made product boasts an eco-friendly, bio-degradable and non-toxic formula. The odourless foam solution sticks to the coil longer, for a deeper penetrating clean, the company says.

The IAQ PRO SmartAir by CPS Products is a professional-grade device that analyses eight air quality factors by sampling the surrounding air in “parts per million” or even “parts per billion” – far beyond what human senses can detect.

With the SmartAir still paired to a smartphone or tablet, you can also run a 30-minute (default, adjustable) timed air quality test while doing other tasks on a service call. During a timed test, the SmartAir collects data for all eight factors every second and then averages the values over the test timeframe. Go to: www.cpsproducts.com.au ■ 6

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Spring 2020

A new link in the cold chain

“Current refrigeration operation that relies on air temperature can provide a temperature range suitable for storing food, but it does so at a cost," says the company. "Due to the extremely low density of air, temperature fluctuations occur rapidly, causing the compressor to power cycle an inordinate number of times to maintain the desired temperature.” “Endocube addresses this issue by allowing the system to react to changes in the temperature of food rather than the changes in air temperature.”

The SmartAir is operated by connecting the included USB cord and AC adapter plug to a wall outlet and placing it on an interior surface. A light bar provides a visual reference to quickly indicate if there are air quality problems. If it shows any colour besides green, you can then view live numerical air quality data by pairing the SmartAir to a mobile device running the CPS Link app.

Emblazoned on the front and back of this low-profile, unstructured snapback cap, is the Iceman logo and company name, respectively. The Keep it Chilled range of merchandise is a great way to look cool and support indigenous youth activities at the same time.

The EndoCube has been designed to address a “fundamental flaw” in refrigeration and provide lower energy consumption and fresher food.

Go to: www.hydrocellwasher.com.au ■

The eight different factors that can affect the indoor air quality (IAQ) of a building or its occupants are: particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), CO2, temperature, relative humidity, dew point and building pressure.

For every purchase of this surf cap from Gold Coast-based Commercial Refrigeration and Air Conditioning company Keep it Chilled, you will be donating $15 to the Gurrumul’s Foundation to support and engage our indigenous youth in arts, culture and music.

To use, simply turn off or disconnect all power to the AC system before spraying foam onto the coil, starting at the bottom and working your way up. Then rinse with a Hydrocell Washer to loosen and remove dirt.

Something in the air

Cap for a cause

Go to: www.keepitchilled.com.au ■

Weighing in at 630g, the extra-large spray can is said to contain 23 per cent more content than competing brands.

One of four new “Venom Pack” products that are about to launch in Australia, the non-acid foaming coil cleaner and aluminium brightener is biodegradable, and food industry compliant. The Refrigeration Technologies Viper range of products has received the latest NSF validation and is certified for use in and around food processing areas. “If a product is certified for use in and around food processing areas, it will be safe and reliable for use by everyone,” says Australian distributer SuperCool Group’s general manager, Jon Mitchell.

Designed for use in CO2 transcritical systems, the 93 series three-way dual shut-off valves are also suitable for A1, A2L and A3 refrigerants.

On the bright side

The proprietary alkaline expanding foam known as Viper Brightener Cleaner clears blockages, stripping coils and heat exchangers of heavily embedded grease and grime, restoring the shine of the metal, says manufacturer Refrigeration Technologies. They can be used on outdoor HVAC&R condenser coils and HVAC&R evaporators.

The function of a three-way valve is to permit replacement of one of the system pressure relief devices, while the other continues to be active on the system. “The 93 series are enhanced for use with any pressure relief valves and are designed for unrestricted full-flow on both outlet ports when engaged,” says Henry Technologies.

Using a worldwide-patented microcrystalline gel encased in a multi-fit application, the EndoCube is designed to envelope the temperature control sensor in such a way as to change the refrigeration operation to react to the changes in food temperature. The company says this subtle change produces a more controlled and “food aware” refrigeration process which also reduces operating costs. Go to: www.endocubesea.com ■

Dwyer deals with the pressure

Dwyer Instruments has released the Series RPMC StabiliSENSE and Series RPME FlexiSENSE room pressure monitors. They are designed for critical low‑differential‑pressure applications that require stringent pressure, relative humidity, temperature, air change, and/or door status

Toolshed monitoring and alarming. Both can be configured to monitor positive or negative pressure in protected environments and clean manufacturing areas.

vWork is cloud-based job scheduling and dispatch software for HVAC and refrigeration businesses, designed to make dispatchers and technicians more efficient and improve service reliability.

Both the RPMC and RPME are complete systems that enable access to pressure, security, calibration, and alarm setup. They feature built-in status indication LEDs that will appear green when within the user-defined pressure set range and will appear orange when outside of the pressure set range.

At a time when pandemic restrictions are forcing HVAC businesses to work smarter and respond more nimbly to unprecedented changes, vWork says its automated customer service features present a proactive opportunity for HVAC and refrigeration-focused businesses to improve customer experience, gain efficiencies and prepare for unexpected impacts to their business.

Go to: www.dwyer-inst.com.au ■

Great plate from Alfa Laval

“Customer service is the backbone of gaining repeat business and there is an opportunity currently to focus on building a service-led technician team and business, to overcome any downward price switching arising from COVID-19,” says CEO of vWork, Roy Moody.

The Alfa Laval T15-B is a compact heat exchanger designed for applications in HVAC, geothermal heating, data centre cooling and industrial processes involving heating or cooling of water, lube oil and other media. The release of T15-B continues the development of next‑generation gasketed plate heat exchangers enabling more environmentally sustainable operations, says Alfa Laval. The T15-B incorporates the new FlexFlow plate design concept (launched with T10-B in 2018), which the company says enables great improvements in energy efficiency.

“Many businesses use legacy systems, such as paper or software designed for only a few technicians, and bringing these systems up to date presents an opportunity to automate customer experience functions and ultimately meet customer expectations every time.”

Available in iOS and Android versions, the vWork app offers a host of dispatch and fulfilment tools, including tools for operation teams; reporting tools; tools for mobile workers; customer tools; health and safety tools; add-ons and integrations; and security.

The T15 models also feature the OmegaPort non-circular ports and the CurveFlow distribution pattern that, according to Alfa Laval, ensure both superior thermal transfer as well as higher uptime with reduced maintenance expenses. Rapid Recovery-AGAS HVAC&R Nation HP.pdf

Go to: www.alfalaval.com.au ■

22/4/20

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Go to: www.vworkapp.com ■

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HVAC&R Nation

Global Update

CANADA

USA

SOLVING A CHILLING MYSTERY

COOL AS CONCRETE

A new research study at Simon Fraser University may lead the way to exploiting the mysterious Mpemba Effect – the process by which hot water freezes faster than cold water. Graduate student Avinash Kumar (pictured) and Professor John Bechhoefer found a way to better analyse the cooling process by inserting a microscopic glass bead in water. Bechhoefer explains that the bead, which cools in less than 1/10th of a second, allows them to conduct the large number of trials needed to understand the effect. “We observe cooling that is exponentially faster than that observed using typical parameters, in accord with the recently predicted strong Mpemba effect,” say the researchers. It is hoped that once the effect is better understood, it could lead to advances in heat-transfer systems, and may also be exploited in reverse, to provide more efficient heating as well as faster cooling. ■

Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have demonstrated the world’s first 3D-printed concrete smart wall cooling system: the Empower. The Empower contains an assembly of innovations, including a thermal storage and active insulation system with a chiller that connects to the wall. Embedded pipes run throughout the 1.5 x 2.4m wall, carrying chilled water that lowers the interior temperature during low-peak demand hours. The 3D printing was carried out at the Department of Energy’s Manufacturing Demonstration Facility at ORNL. “Active insulation surrounding the thermal storage can vary thermal conductivity on demand,” says ORNL buildings researcher Diana Hun. “It transfers coolness stored in the interior of the wall to the occupied space when needed.” The researchers say the operation of the active insulation and thermal storage can be optimised, based on the prediction of future conditions such as the weather or occupants’ behaviour. ■

EUROPE

JAPAN

UP IN THE AIR

BREATHING SPACE

The Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Associations (REHVA) has released an updated guide on how to operate HVAC and other building service systems to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in workplaces.

AC manufacturer Daikin is leading a project to provide technologically enhanced clean rooms for germ-wary consumers.

The revised document proposes an infection control hierarchy in which engineering controls such as ventilation systems are rated as more important than physical distancing and PPE.

According to a report in the Nikkei Asian Review, the personal booths will feature HEPA filters produced by Nippon Muki to keep pollen and other airborne impurities away. This is in line with Daikin’s strategy for advanced ventilation and air conditioning solutions.

“It is impossible to say whether aerosol-based transmission has a major or just a significant role,” the guidance document notes. “Transmission routes also depend on the location. In hospitals with an excellent 12 ACH ventilation rate, aerosol transmission is mostly eliminated, but in poorly ventilated spaces, it may be dominant.”

A trial site for the personal clean rooms has been launched in downtown Tokyo. Previously a co-working space project jointly run by Daikin and other partners, the room is equipped with activated charcoal filters and self-sanitising air conditioners. It also features a system that constantly monitors room temperature, carbon dioxide levels and particulate matter in the air.

REHVA also notes, however, that there is currently no absolutely conclusive evidence of human infection with SARS-CoV-2 caused by infectious aerosols distributed through the ventilation system air ducts. It rates this risk as “very low”. ■

Daikin believes that the clean rooms, a mainstay in semiconductor and food factories, will see greater demand at the retail level in light of the coronavirus outbreak. ■

HVAC&R Nation

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Spring 2020

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HVAC&R Nation

Cover Feature

THE FROZEN FRONTIER

An innovation competition organised by Engineers Without Borders USA is providing much-needed cooling solutions to off-the-grid communities. Willow Aliento reports on the Chill Challenge. There’s nothing like a challenge to encourage innovation, and the Engineers Without Borders USA (EWB-USA) Chill Challenge has definitely fostered some unique ideas for providing refrigeration and cooling in the world’s lowest-income communities. About two billion people globally lack access to reliable refrigeration. This is both a public health problem and has economic implications for food

globally lack access to reliable refrigeration |

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Launched in August 2019, the Chill Challenge called for a solution that is off-grid, affordable, scalable and delivers either a 150–250L refrigerator that can chill 20L of water per day from 35°C to 3°C, and costs less than US$12/month to own and operate; or development of an icemaker that can produce 100–1,000kg of ice per day at a cost of US$0.03/kg or less. ASHRAE partnered with EWB-USA for the competition, contributing to the expert panel of technical reviewers and providing outreach. Open Philanthropy provided financial support including grants of between US$30,000 and US$50,000 for up to 10 successful proposals to assist with prototyping and technology development.

About two billion people

producers as lack of cooling for fresh produce, dairy and other foods increases the amount of waste.

Spring 2020

WHY IS IT NEEDED? “Refrigeration plays a critical role in addressing the UN’s Global Development Goals in eliminating hunger, poverty and inequality, and ensuring universal access to safe water, education, health care, clean energy, and more,” says CEO of EWB-USA, Jackie O’Brien. “Successful solutions to our refrigeration challenge will be a game-changer for millions of people. We are extremely proud that EWB-USA is at the forefront of catalysing new thinking around refrigeration.” O’Brien says the challenge will hopefully contribute to a broader understanding of the various technologies being tested, too. EWB-USA plans to publish the results of the various team efforts, both successful and unsuccessful.

Cover Feature Bentley believes that ultimately the market will be the judge on maintainability and longevity of any commercially deployed solutions developed by teams in the Chill Challenge. Although addressing inequality is the mission, marketability and profitability are still objectives, Dowdy says. “If our teams don’t create units that are commercially viable, they will never be deployed at a meaningful scale,” he says.

Jackie O'Brien, CEO of EWB-USA

“One of the reasons the Chill Challenge is necessary is there is often a ‘market failure’ in developing technology for poor populations in the developing world. Many new technologies developed over the last century, [such as] TVs, microwaves and cell phones, were first sold into high-end niche markets before they could be manufactured at a large scale to reach mass markets.

EWB-USA volunteers F. Andrew Dowdy and Larry Bentley

“In addition, another goal of the challenge is to promote a broader understanding of the fundamental off-grid refrigeration challenge encountered by off‑grid communities,” says O’Brien.

“Typically, dairy farmers have to feed the evening milking to their livestock or dump it since it will be bad by morning market time. Providing them a way to market that product will improve incomes.”

“Whether or not we identify a solution through the Chill Challenge, this is an area that will need innovative engineering thinking for years to come.”

It was also important the refrigeration technologies could operate at elevated temperatures as the impacts of climate change escalate.

The Chill Challenge has been overseen by senior engineers and EWB-USA volunteers Larry Bentley and F. Andrew Dowdy.

Conventional refrigerators are designed to hold food at around 3–5°C in a home that is 20–25°C.

For both it has been an opportunity to put a lifetime of experience to work for the greater good. Dowdy says his interest in the project stems from work he did on energy access in a previous career. “However, as I started working with Larry and others at EWB on the nuts and bolts of getting electricity to off-grid communities, we realised that refrigeration would be one of the most difficult challenges, and an application with potentially high rewards.,” Dowdy says. “We designed the challenge to respond to that ‘refrigeration gap’.”

WHY CHILLED WATER? The liquid chilling specification is a straightforward test of the refrigeration capacity that matches the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) standards for milk chilling, Dowdy says. That is, the fridge would be able to safely chill 20L of milk, if that were the application.

“A lot of the target areas for these products are well above 35°C and for some daytime peaks of 45°C aren’t unusual,” says Bentley. “This basically means the units have to push heat up a steeper hill than typical designs.”

DESIGNING FOR THE MANY, NOT THE FEW Bentley says the brief’s requirement for environmental sustainability and low cost required a very different engineering design focus to the one Western business models are trained to produce. It’s about creating appropriate technology for the context. “A newly reproduced WWII ‘jeep’ would better serve many African nations than the upscale four-wheel drive vehicles that are popular in the richer nations and the wealthy in Africa,” Bentley says. He says that in the Majority World context, “you need to design to reduce cost, not features.”

Although production of chilled water as a final product wasn’t a requirement, Bentley notes that the capability of chilling it has some vital applications through using water as a heat transfer medium as a viable way of doing fairly rapid cooling.

But those features need to have valuable functions and not just be flash. You can have flash but not at any real expense – for example, paint or decals are cheap. Also, you have to design recognising the electricity grid is not available everywhere and if it is present, it will not be up a lot of the time.

He recalls seeing a homemade system in a refugee camp in southern Ethiopia where the Somali owner was circulating chilled saltwater brine to freeze sugar, water and food colouring into plastic bags and selling “pop-cycles”.

“You have to design for simple local parts and maintenance and provide troubleshooting instructions and a parts supply chain,” says Bentley. “While the manufacturer may not do all this, the market will often find a way to fill in some of those gaps.”

“Since it was close to 40°C I bet they sold well,” he says. “All this was running off a diesel generator as there was no grid power for many kilometres.”

Challenges around repair or equipment supply chains are something many of us would be familiar with.

WHY DOES ICE MATTER? The second half of the Chill Challenge brief was for an ice plant. “Ice can serve poor households in insulated boxes as low‑cost ‘refrigerators’ and is also used to chill fresh fish and dairy products, extending their marketability times,” Bentley says.

“The problem with off-grid refrigerators is that there is no high-end niche market to justify technology development – wealthy folks have electricity. We are therefore trying to support the technology development that is needed to bring a new product to market.”

SEEING THE TALENT IN THE MAJORITY WORLD Traditional Western aid efforts often take a top‑down approach, but the Chill Challenge was open to anyone, anywhere. “We didn’t care who developed the technology, but we wanted design to be targeted for the hard-to-serve, low-income markets that are typically overlooked,” Bentley explains. “We were very glad to see many entries from Majority World nations, but the awards went to ideas that we think can best serve those areas of the world.” Often the degree of engineering talent and innovation capability in majority world nations is overlooked. Bentley recalls an incident in rural Honduras. “I spotted a centrifugal fan of wood and sheet metal handmade by a farmer who probably didn’t have past a sixth-grade education,” says Bentley. “He used it to increase the temperature of an earth oven, as well as to separate the chaff from the grain he was growing – dual purpose at that! “We have seen a reluctance of international NGOs to offer design work to national engineers in Africa. “While the quality of their education institutions can vary widely, those nations also produce some very talented engineers as well as having a lot of innovative minds, many of whom often can’t afford the education they could use. “A wise man said, ‘Talent is universal, opportunity is not’.”

GOING WITH THE MAJORITY

“You can get an iPhone fixed a lot of places other than an Apple store, even though Apple works hard to make it difficult,” says Bentley. “The Western world is now finding medical ventilators are so locked up by the manufacturers that repair is difficult or impossible apart from the manufacturer, and they may have discontinued it or gone out of business or been bought out.

Those of us in the West often talk about the third world, the developing world, or the global south. Another term, used in this article, is “Majority World”, which encompasses countries in Africa, Asia, South and Central America and the Caribbean and acknowledges that they represent the majority of the world’s population.

“Google ‘right to repair’ and see some of the horror stories manufacturers are building into their products.” Spring 2020

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HVAC&R Nation

Cover Feature

THE STAR PROPOSALS EWB-USA received 43 proposals from 36 teams from universities, companies or NGOs, and individuals in the USA, Cameroon, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Nigeria, South Korea, Switzerland, Uganda and the UK. The final judging saw six teams awarded grants.

WINNING WITH WASTE

ICE FROM THE SUN

India’s New Leaf Dynamic Technologies was awarded a grant for its GreenCHILL refrigeration system, which utilises biomass to provide safe storage and cooling of perishable agricultural produce. It is being manufactured in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, from locally sourced components and can be powered by farm waste including straw, cow dung cakes, biomass pellets, wood and hay.

Solar Cooling Engineering UG in Germany won a grant for its solar ice-maker which is specifically aiming to meet the need for cooling in places like the tropics and subtropics where access to grid electricity is unreliable or non-existent. Spokesperson Julian Krüger says they aim to do a field trial test on the coast of Kenya, where a high demand for cooling exists.

The units can cool up to 1,500L of milk or 15 tonnes of perishable goods, and are also being used for drying, ripening and other applications.

“So far, we have an early prototype running on PV in Stuttgart, Germany, as part of our testing,” Krüger says. He explains that ice is an affordable and easy way to store the energy from solar PV.

“Our vision with use of biomass as the primary source of energy for refrigeration was to serve farmers with a safe storage space installed at farm, powered by farm waste and being able to operate 365 days on farm waste,” explains New Leaf director Akash Agarwal.

“Ice is widely used in the global south every day as an easy to transport ‘cooling battery’,” says Krüger. “Applications are, for example, cooling of beverages or keeping fish fresh. Offering ice to fishermen can be a good opportunity for generating a local income.”

He says that to fulfill the energy requirements of a storage capacity of more than 5MT, solar PV would not be self-sufficient, and would need a backup of a grid or diesel generator. The technology is already being deployed, with 40 units installed on farms in four Indian states so far.

The unit combines solar PV modules, SelfChill unit and energy storage, giving it potential for multiple applications.

Agarwal says that as the number of installations increases at greater distance from the New Leaf factory, they envisage a large infrastructure or network will be built to provide on-time service to customers. The company is also looking beyond the Indian sub‑continent to African nations and South America for the various applications of cooling using biomass – places where there is an abundance of farm waste and biomass to run the units and a need for this kind of technology. The technology can also be locally serviced and maintained. The current installations in India are being serviced by technicians with a basic diploma degree. In a recent paper on the technology, New Leaf managing director Anurag Agarwal said that the unit can also meet cooling needs at a village level as an alternative to using grid electricity.

“We usually equip our systems with an LED light and the possibility to charge via a USB connector,” Krüger adds. “Because there is a need to use most of the battery capacities to guarantee a maximum running duration per day, running additional appliances should take place during daylight with an energy surplus.” They are focused on minimising the equipment that needs to be exported from Germany, instead wanting the Solar Ice Maker to be built in target countries by local partners using local materials and the company’s key component, the SelfChill unit. “This is because they want to empower our partners to be able to maintain the systems, and also be able to do

“Not only do these systems replace fossil fuels, they reduce the chances of villages adopting conventional grid-powered or diesel-powered cooling systems.”

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Solar Cooling Engineering UG in Germany sees ice being used as a “cooling battery”. |

“We will offer presence and online hands-on training to build local capacity to build our Solar Ice-Maker with key components combined with local material,” says Krüger. “The required skills are constructing an insulated box and basic cabling of our DC voltage electrical system. So, a basic skillset is enough to get started.”

THE OTHER GRANT WINNERS Passive solution by Ove Arup and Partners, London, UK Arup submitted a proposal for a passive cooling box that relies on radiative cooling materials as a cold source and phase change materials as cold storage. The box aims to be capable of achieving the 3°C target temperature and maintaining that temperature across several days of adverse weather conditions.

Xergy Fridge-X: Off‑the‑Grid Refrigerator Utilising Solid-State Refrigerants The Delaware, USA-based company will be building a refrigerator utilising an intermittent adsorption refrigeration cycle driven by solar thermal energy. It will use hydrogen and metal hydride as the working pair, and employ an advanced heat exchanger design, storing hot water to provide refrigeration on days there is no solar energy input.

Two ideas from Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana

Imperial College London, Clean Energy Processes (CEP) Laboratory

The team from New Leaf Dynamic Industries. |

It would also reduce export, customs and transport to remote areas, which immediately lowers the CAPEX of the system, as well as lowering the CO2 footprint.

Researchers at the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories at Purdue University proposed developing and testing two refrigeration technologies: a cold‑storage battery for domestic refrigeration that uses the heat from clay or brick cookstoves to drive an intermittent sorption refrigerator; and a combined heating and cooling vapour‑compression system to produce ice and to dry crops.

“It is a simple reliable machine that can compete with conventional grid-powered refrigeration systems with their capital cost while the running cost is one‑tenth of diesel-powered and one‑third of grid‑powered refrigeration systems,” he wrote.

customising according to local demand, for example by up- or downscaling the systems,” Krüger says.

Spring 2020

This team, in partnership with Solar Polar, has been developing a thermally powered technology, Diffusion Absorption Refrigeration (DAR), which can be easily integrated with low-cost solar thermal collectors or that utilise waste heat to provide cooling. The DAR has no moving parts and a simple construction that promises low costs and a long lifetime. Their proposal will experiment with replacing the ammonia-water pair typically used in DAR devices with alternative workingfluid pairs in optimised unit designs. The ice-maker they prose to build using the DAR technology will use hot water from solar-thermal collectors, making it suitable for remote or off-grid communities. ■

DID YOU KNOW RRA WILL PAY YOU FOR YOUR USED AND UNWANTED REFRIGERANT?

With your help, Refrigerant Reclaim Australia (RRA) has destroyed more than 7,000 tonnes of refrigerant resulting in the preservation of more than 10 million tonnes of stratospheric ozone, and the prevention of the emission of more than 14 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent. Together we can still do better.

R E FR IG E RA NT R E COV E RY I S MO R E TH A N A L E GA L R E Q U I R E M E NT, IT â&#x20AC;&#x2122; S A STE P TOWA R D S A B E T TE R FUTU R E . â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

KEEP MAKING A DIFFERENCE.

To recover refrigerant collect a recovery cylinder from your refrigerant gas supplier, fill it with used, contaminated and unwanted refrigerant from systems you service, repair, or decommission, and return it to your refrigerant supplier. RRA will collect the recovered refrigerant and, after testing and processing, have it destroyed so it cannot damage the ozone layer or contribute to global warming.

To learn more about Refrigerant Recovery visit the educational tools link on our website www.refrigerantreclaim.com.au /educational-tools/

For more information contact us call 02 6230 5244 visit www.refrigerantreclaim.com.au

Spring 2020

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Cool Tech

WIND BENEATH MY WINGS Experience the thrill of flying on a column of high-speed air

flight experienced during freefall. Flights last up to two minutes, and although that may seem short it’s actually longer than a tandem jump out of a plane.

Imagine the adrenalin rush of freefall, riding mad pumping winds and soaring like a bird. Now you can experience the sensations of a 4km drop without even getting onto a plane at iFLY Indoor Skydiving.

Flyers can be as young as three years old, although those 17 and below will need a parent or guardian to sign their waiver. And apparently, you’re never too old to fly. People over 100 have flown with iFLY! To prevent dangerous wind speeds, though, participants must weigh less than 136kg. Pregnant women are also discouraged from flying.

The state-of the-art facilities offer a safe controlled environment in which people of all ages can indulge in their flying fantasies. The indoor flight centres are located in major metropolitan cities, including Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Sydney. The gravity-defying experience is made possible by the use of iFLY’s patented high-efficiency fans, with four of the 450hp units generating winds of up to 190km/h. The winds are directed down the sides of a giant wind tunnel under the building, then back up into the flight chamber. The wind tunnel in Melbourne measures 4.26m in diameter.

Beginners will first learn to maintain a stable body flying position with the help of an instructor, before progressing to forward and backward movements, then side to side, and up and down.

The vertical upward forces of the winds allow flyers to float in midair, replicating the physics of body

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Instructors are on deck to guide beginners on their maiden flights during a group orientation session. The entire iFLY experience will last over an hour, including the brief orientation with coaching from a trained flight instructor, and time in the air.

Spring 2020

Small changes in body shape or even just tilting your head back a fraction can make a big difference to aerodynamic resistance and the way you move through the air, so it takes a while to get the hang of it. And although it might look like you are just floating in space, it does require physical effort to hold your form. Advanced tricks such as rolls, spins and flips come with more flight experience. ■

WOULD YOU LIKE TO KNOW MORE? Visit www.iflyworld.com.au

LITY ILTRATION

MODULE

UR Y

134

Airborne Containment Systems • Bag In/Bag Out (BIBO) systems • terminal & inline HEPA housings • off the shelf/custom designed

ph:1300 733 277 www.camfil.com HEPA Filters & On-Site NATA Testing • stocked gasket/gel seal filters • HEPA filter integrity testing • HEPA replacement/validation

ph:1300 886 353 www.airepure.com.au

Comprehensive range of stocked HEPA and HVAC filters National on-site HEPA filter replacement & NATA testing

PROUDLY BY systems LocallySPONSORED supported, custom client focused

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Skills summary ■ What?

FILTER SERVICING

FOR HOSPITALS AND PC3/PC4 FACILITIES Given the current climate and precautionary regulations in place to reduce the spread of the coronavirus known as COVID-19, there are several highly important and potentially lifesaving steps that must be considered when administering safe filter changing procedures. This is particularly true for those venturing into higher risk areas such as hospitals with isolation rooms and facilities with PC3/PC4 rated areas.

A look at filter servicing for hospitals and PC3/PC4 facilities, specifically high-risk containment filtration applications.

The first part of this Skills Workshop looks at in-line HEPA filter change‑out procedure guidelines for service technicians in a hospital setting, including considerations for conventional systems prior to the change-out.

■ Who?

The second part looks at service considerations for high-risk physical containment facilities. This includes exploring what a PC3- or PC4‑rated facility is, the service considerations for such a facility, preparation works and filter change-out procedures.

Relevant for filter technicians working in mechanical contractors/service companies.

In-line HEPA filter servicing for hospitals In-line HEPA containment exhaust filtration systems may be used within hospital and healthcare areas, such as isolation rooms, cytotoxic areas, research laboratories, pathology areas, and cyclotron or nuclear medicine areas. In-line containment exhaust filtration systems are typically located in plant or roof spaces away from the area served – which allows for filter changeout and integrity testing access outside of patient areas. They can be larger in size than terminal HEPA modules, and in turn provide enough space for higher grade, high-capacity pre-filters and high‑capacity HEPA filters. Types of in-line containment systems can vary greatly, depending on the potential risk and housing location. An in-line system may be as simple as an upstream injection port for introducing challenge aerosol into the duct system and an in-line HEPA housing containing a HEPA filter and an access door for scan testing. As the potential risks increase, and the system requirements become more complex, laboratory‑type Bag-In/Bag-Out (BIBO) systems with decontamination facilities may be used.

Considerations prior to inline HEPA filter change-out The following functional procedures should be considered, alongside the actual change out of the filters: • Internal risk assessments • Room pressure regimes • Decontamination • Shutdown and restarting of the system

• HEPA testing

• Ensure that the correct replacement filters are available (and ready to be changed out)

• Waste disposal.

• Ensure that waste disposal bags are available (for disposal of filters as hazardous waste)

By default, the filters should not be changed out unless the conditions are deemed safe to do so.

• Wind back the supply and exhaust of the plant serving the isolation room (maintaining a negative pressure in the system). Technically the supply can be shut off, and the exhaust should be running to just maintain the duct at a negative pressure (more than -10Pa to adjacent spaces).

It is also recommended that when changing out filters that are considered “safe”, minimum personal PPE, safety glasses, gloves and face masks should still be used. The “safe” status needs to take into consideration the whole of the system, including the area served and the associated duct systems.

• Ensure the plant room is positive to the exhaust system (you do not want air to be sucked out of the housing and into any other systems or outside air intakes)

In-line HEPA filter change‑out procedure (this is indicative only and subject to site‑specific SWMS)

• While wearing the appropriate, “and agreed”, PPE, (minimum of facemask, goggles, gloves; it may also be prudent to wear coveralls, Tyvek suits).

Assuming that there is not a duty stand‑by filtration system, and the system does not have isolation dampers on either side of the housing:

– Open the housing filter access door, remove gradually to ensure that there is a slight flow of air being drawn into the housing, and place to the side. If airflow is excessive, wind back the fan or restrict the airflow further.

• Prepare all change-out procedures and undertake associated risk assessments with all involved personnel

– Remove the appropriate filters (pre-filter and/ or HEPA filter) if removing and replacing both. Remove the pre-filter first (this allows any loose dust to be picked up by the HEPA).

• Ensure that the isolation room is “safe” and that deviation from the control pressures can be undertaken • Ensure that the interconnecting duct is “safe”, which may include:

– Place removed filters into waste disposal bag.

– Written advice from the facility operator stating the system has not been exposed to any hazardous substances/biologicals etc.

– Wipe down internal HEPA filter mating faces. Dispose of cleaning materials with the dirty filter.

– Written advice from the facility operator stating the system has been decontaminated and that there are no hazardous substances/biologicals etc.

– Reinstall filters (if both filters are being changed out, reinstall the pre-filter first). – Ensure the HEPA filter is centered correctly and tighten the mounting fixture (nuts/bolts/ clamps), so that the filter gasket seals.

– If this cannot be provided the method of filter change-out will need to be reviewed. Spring 2020

· For gel seal the knife edge only |

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HVAC&R Nation

HVAC&R Skills Workshop needs to embed in the gel 2–5mm. Do not use excessive force.

Access panel, typically with clear plastic taped over opening

· For gasket seal filters, the entire gasket should be pressed up firmly but not compressed excessively as this can damage the gasket and filter. Do not use excessive force.

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ht Negative air pressure (-ve)

Sealed ceiling access panel

– Check all fittings and fixtures are firmly fitted and secure.

SPARGE PIPE Aerosol introduction

Raised access Ladder platform or similar

– Once at design, or a satisfactory test velocity (0.5m/s through filter) the HEPA filter can be tested/scanned AS1807.7 to confirm integrity (please refer to separate NATA test procedure for this).

• Submit final NATA test results.

Important notes • Some of the above-mentioned steps form part of other functions (i.e., NATA filter testing, but have been included).

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• It is possible to undertake filter change-outs with all fans off, however, it is desirable to maintain a slightly negative pressure to reduce the risk of any dust or potential contaminants escaping to the area the in-line housing is located in (be aware of internal hospital pressures and stack effects).

• Some steps may be moved around to suit individual systems.

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Locating and accessing HEPA filters for testing/ validation purposes may be also be challenging for HEPA filter service and testing personnel.

EXHAUST

HEPA

• Record initial speed drive set‑points and room and filter pressure readings.

100 % Port Positive (+ve)

Negative (-ve) Aerosol introduction

FAN

Rear access

Photometer point, from Admission to adjacent space in-room service spaces or adjacent Floor Level rooms may be required to Exhaust HEPA Testing Diagram introduce an – Roomside Access Low Level even distribution of the challenge aerosol and access the air off Areas within these facilities are negatively side of the HEPA to allow filter surface scanning pressurised to assist with the strict control to HEPA integrity test methods as described of airborne contaminants, for the safely of all in AS1807.6 and 1807.7. personnel and the external environment. • Access is required to the air off side of the Within the plant rooms of these PC3- or HEPA filter (within the exhaust duct), so that PC4‑rated facilities, HEPA filtration a NATA technician is able to view and scan containment housings or Bag In/Bag Out the HEPA filter surface at 25mm from the (BIBO) containment filtration systems may installation for traces of the test aerosol. be installed. BIBO systems include HEPA • Access to the exhaust duct via access panel and/or HEGA filters (PC4 have two stages may cause a decrease in air pressure within of HEPAs), bubble tight isolation dampers, the exhaust stream, affecting the required decontamination/fumigation ports, a remote flow of test aerosol that is pulled through scan arrangement for testing and BIBO the HEPA. In this instance it is sometimes arrangements for filter change out. necessary to use blower fans to provide a flow of air across the filters. Service considerations for

• It is suggested that the HEPA filter be integrity tested prior to removal to confirm performance up to the date of its replacement. The new filter will also need to be tested to confirm its integrity. • We recommend the use of hand tools rather than power tools for removal and replacement of fixings, due to the potential for thread damage. • Ensure any threads are lubricated with acceptable thread lubricant (Vaseline may be all that is accepted).

Terminal exhaust HEPA filtration systems Terminal-mounted exhaust HEPA filtration systems allow contaminants to be contained within their locations (isolation rooms, cytotoxic areas, research laboratories, pathology areas and cyclotron or nuclear medicine areas). Typically, room exhaust HEPA filters are located at low level, at a bio-cabinet discharge level or at high level in isolation room ensuites.

Filter servicing for PC3/PC4 facilities

Some terminal mounted exhaust housings may include pre-filters, but others may not due to space issues. In the absence of a pre-filter to protect the HEPA filter, there is greater risk of physical damage to the HEPA filters from cleaning sprays/devices and physical cleaning procedures. www.airah.org.au/nation

Photometer

Terminal-mounted HEPA housings/ units can pose decontamination and removal issues, and when needed can rule fumigation out as a valid decontamination option.

• Reinstate system back to original room pressure set‑points.

Aerosol Generator (Laskin nozzles)

Exhaust HEPA Testing Diagram – Conventional Ceiling Exhaust

– Discard disposable PPE and wipe down any other equipment with IPA, dispose of with hazardous waste.

HVAC&R Nation

Ceiling

Negative (-ve)

– Remove any airflow restrictions (dampers) and start to ramp up the exhaust fan system. The supply air fan will need to be brought online to maintain the required pressures within the isolation room.

100 % Port Concentration and pressure

HEPA

– Close the filter installation access panel.

EXHAUST

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PC3- or PC4-rated (QC3/QC4) facilities are considered high risk because hazardous airborne agents that pose a threat to health are (or may potentially be) present and containment systems that include HEPA air filtration are used. |

Spring 2020

PC3- or PC4‑rated facilities The filter service requirements of a PC3- or PC4‑rated facility are significantly different to the filter service requirements of a standard commercial building. This is a scenario where you are best to ask questions first: • Is it safe?

HVAC&R Skills Workshop

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1 High by 2 Wide Housing

â&#x20AC;¢ What facility procedures need to be followed?

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As a service technician, you would not simply walk into the plant room of a PC3- or PC4â&#x20AC;&#x2018;rated facility and open the door of the filter housing to check and change out the filters. This wouldÂ risk your own health, the health of building occupants (andÂ potentially the entire living environment).

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Prefilters Outturned Flanges for Duct Connection Bagging Ring Filter Seal/Release Bar

Written approval from the facility manager/ Filter Service Sleeves operator of a PC3- or PC4â&#x20AC;&#x2018;rated facility should be Access Door (Third sleeve used for sought prior to any service work being undertaken, bag stub removal) along with details of standard operating CamContain Housings are designed with safety in mind. Each housing is shipped with an instruction book detailing how to procedures, the required SWMS/JSA etc.

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â&#x20AC;¢ Operation of the facility during change-out â&#x20AC;¢ Filter change-out procedure

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â&#x20AC;¢ Actions required re-establishing operating status and certification â&#x20AC;¢ Restart of system â&#x20AC;¢ Associated risk analysis and SWMS/JSA requirements.

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Subject to the type of hazardous airborne agents exposed to the containment filtration system, the system may require decontamination (fumigation/ bio strips etc.) prior to starting works.

Additional operating procedures A separate set of standard operating procedures may be required for: â&#x20AC;¢ Filter change out procedure for non-BIBO containment housings (refer to In-line HEPA filter change-out procedure) â&#x20AC;¢ Filter change out procedure for BIBO containment filtration systems (setup as per In-line HEPA filter change-out procedure, however filter changeout as per below â&#x20AC;&#x201C; BIBO HEPA filter change-put procedure)

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3ODFH D QHZ Â¿OWHU LQ D QHZ EDJ DQG VHFXUH WKH 6HDO WKH EDJ ZLWK EDQGLQJ WLHV EHWZHHQ WKH Â¿OWHU new bag opening to the housing door opening. and the door opening. Cut the bag with shears to Carefully fold theFRQWDLQ WKH XVHG Â¿OWHU bag Move the old bag stub into the new bag cavity The illustration above portrays how the bag is placed over the rib DQG LQVWDOO WKH Â¿OWHU 3ODFH D QHZ Â¿OWHU LQ D QHZ EDJ DQG VHFXUH WKH and place in the door 6HDO WKH EDJ ZLWK EDQGLQJ WLHV EHWZHHQ WKH Â¿OWHU and held in place there by to anthe elastic shock cord and security stra new bag opening housing door opening. the door door. opening. Cut the bag with shears to cavity.and Replace 3ODFH D QHZ Â¿OWHU LQ D QHZ EDJ DQG VHFXUH WKH Move the old bag stub into the new bag cavity 6HDO WKH EDJ ZLWK EDQGLQJ WLHV EHWZHHQ WKH Â¿OWHU FRQWDLQ WKH XVHG Â¿OWHU new bag opening to the housing door opening. DQG LQVWDOO WKH Â¿OWHU and the door opening. Cut the bag with shears to Bagging Flange Detail Move the old bag stub into the new bag cavity FRQWDLQ WKH XVHG Â¿OWHU STEP 7 DQG LQVWDOO WKH Â¿OWHU

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This may include the activation of complete duty/standby systems.

â&#x20AC;¢ Disposal of contaminated items including filters (as per hospital/containment facility requirements for disposal of contaminated waste)

STEP 2 Primary Filter

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Move the old bag stub into the third service glove sleeve and seal the sleeve with banding ties between the bag body andold thebag glove Move the stubsleeve. into the third service glove sleeve and seal the sleeve Move the old stub into with banding tiesbag between thethe bagthird body service glove andsleeve. seal the sleeve and sleeve the glove with banding ties between the bag body and the glove sleeve.

Carefully fold the bag and place in the door cavity. Replace door. Carefully fold the bag and place in the door Carefully fold thedoor. bag cavity. Replace and place in the door cavity. Replace door.

The illustration above portrays how the bag is placed over the ribs and held in place there by an elastic shock cord and security strap. The illustration above portrays how the bag is placed over the ribs and held in place there by an elastic shock cord and security strap. The illustration above portrays how the bag is placed over the ribs and held in place there by an elastic shock cord and security strap.

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Bagwww.camfil.com In/Bag Out Steps www.camfil.com

7 7

This monthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s skills workshop has been provided by Camfil Airepure. ForÂ moreÂ information visit www.airepure.com.au Next issue: Electronically commutated fans Spring 2020

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HVAC&R Nation

QUALITY AIR FILTRATION FOR YOUR FACILITY NEEDS

Supply / Exhaust Air Modules • terminal & inline HEPA housings • off the shelf and custom designed • insect screen housing options

Ultra-Clean HEPA / ULPA Filters • stocked gasket & gel seal filters • E11, H14, U15 rated to EN1822:2009 • individually tested & certified

On-site NATA Testing Services

Airborne Containment Systems

• HEPA filter integrity testing • HEPA validation & certification • fumigation services

• Bag In/Bag Out (BIBO) systems • advanced HEPA & HEGA filtration • bubble-tight isolation dampers

Custom Engineered Solutions • in house engineering department • custom designed solutions • national system design & support

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Comprehensive range of stocked HEPA and HVAC filters

• unidirectional & UCV systems w/ integrated return air / lighting • air showers & pass through boxes

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Spring 2020

Digital developments Once registered, you can use your website to talk about your expertise and services, share positive testimonials, post images of your best work, and even create an online bookings function, allowing customers to easily arrange a consultation. If you’re not a graphic designer or coding expert, don’t be daunted. There are web-building sites that can help you create a professional website that works just as hard for your business as you do.

ELEVATE YOUR ONLINE MARKETING Once your website has been published and goes “live”, you can promote it to as many current and prospective clients as possible. The good news is, it doesn’t have to be costly or time-consuming. As nearly half the world’s population uses email, it’s safe to assume that many of your clients will too.

MARKETING YOUR BUSINESS IN THE ‘NEW NORMAL’ COVID-19 has accelerated the pace at which businesses are connecting with their customers online – here’s how to make the most of it. During this extraordinarily challenging environment, engineers, contractors and business owners in the HVAC industry will be busy identifying solutions to help them grow, succeed and serve their customers in the “new normal”. Whether it’s quality work or strong customer service, running a successful business is dependent on many factors. Today, it’s also increasingly dependent on effective marketing. With the pandemic continuing to evolve and the likelihood of renewed restrictions – like those imposed on Victoria – still a possibility nationwide, traditional marketing such as business cards or the Yellow Pages might not be as effective as they once were. With many Australians spending more time at home and potentially identifying home improvement projects, there could be an increased demand for your services. So as you think about how to promote your business and capitalise on that demand, it’s important to consider how digital marketing might be just as important as any other tool in your toolbox.

CREATE YOUR DIGITAL FOUNDATIONS Australians are increasingly using the internet to research and purchase their goods and services. Consider, therefore, how building a website could be the foundation of your digital marketing strategy as you look to interact with customers on the channels they use the most. First, you need to register a domain – the name customers search for to find your business website. Effective domain names are generally short, memorable and self-explanatory like, for example, perthac.com.au.

Email marketing is a quick, cost-effective way to help you stay top of mind and build a stronger connection with a broad audience. To help build trust and brand consistency, consider creating an email address that matches your domain, like hello@perthac.com.au. You can then use it to communicate important business updates, promote a new service or qualification, or post photos of an installation to show how you can heat their home in winter, or cool it in summer. While emails are a great way to connect with existing clients whose contact details you already have, SEO (search engine optimisation) can help make your website more visible to potential clients. SEO is an algorithm that helps to determine how your website will rank when someone searches for a related term online. The better optimised your site, the easier it is for someone to find it. You should therefore populate your site with keywords that people would use when searching for a business like yours, like ‘Perth aircon technician’. Given the ubiquitous nature of social media, platforms like Facebook, Instagram and Twitter can also be good channels to engage with your audience and post links back to your website or booking form. While the Australian HVAC&R industry, like many others, is still working out what the “new normal” holds, the best-prepared engineers and businesses will likely be those that understand the importance of not only the quality of their work, but the effectiveness of their marketing. As you explore the different ways to grow your business during these challenging times – such as taking advantage of increased demand from schemes like HomeBuilder – consider also how digital marketing can help to elevate your business. ■

This article was provided by Suzanne Mitchell, marketing director at GoDaddy Australia. Mitchell is responsible for leading marketing strategy and campaign execution in the region. GoDaddy is an internet domain registrar and web hosting company headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona, USA. For more information go to au.godaddy.com

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Feature

EXPLODING THE MYTHS With the phase-down of HFCs accelerating the need for alternatives, some are looking to hydrocarbons to take on a larger role in refrigeration and air conditioning, as Sean McGowan reports. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed of hydrogen and carbon and fall under two chemical categories: alkanes (or paraffins) and alkenes (or olefins). The four most common hydrocarbon refrigerants are propane (R290), isobutane (R600a), isopentane (R601a) and propylene (R1270). A number of proprietary blends incorporate two or more of these single elements. All four have a GWP (global warming potential) value of 3 – meaning they have a much smaller impact than most hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). All four are also categorised as Class A3 (flammable) refrigerants because of their high flammability.

THE CHARGE Perhaps the biggest barrier to the wider adoption of hydrocarbon refrigerants relates to charge limits.

R600a is arguably the most popular hydrocarbon refrigerant worldwide. A very high percentage of domestic refrigerators now operate on R600a – check the specification plate of your fridge at home and you may be surprised!

While recent changes to the allowable hydrocarbon charge in some commercial refrigeration systems has seen this rise from 150g to 500g, limits remain in place on domestic systems in Europe, as well as here in Australia.

R600a – and more commonly R290 – are also used in commercial refrigeration supermarket applications including display cabinets. More recently, R290 has been used in a small number of domestic split air conditioning systems. The cost of hydrocarbons is also very low compared to other very low-GWP refrigerants such as HFOs (hydrofluoroolefins). |

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Conversely, the main disadvantage of hydrocarbons is their higher flammability and resulting limited refrigerant charge. This has been the big barrier to their wider application. There may also be additional costs associated with design and manufacture to ensure systems are suitable and compliant for the use of A3 class refrigerants. Finally, there is a lack of training in Class A2L and A3 refrigerants.

Hydrocarbons have a similar volumetric capacity and performance to R410A and are therefore technically feasible as a replacement for many systems operating on that HFC.

Hydrocarbons offer favourable thermodynamic refrigerant properties that make them highly efficient. These include low liquid and vapour viscosities, high liquid specific heat, high liquid and vapour thermal conductivities and high latent heat.

requirements for Class A3 refrigerants like hydrocarbons. The flammable charge limit is determined by an equation that takes into account the height of the indoor section, the LFL (lower flammability limit) of the refrigerant, and the room area. As an example, for a wall-mounted split system (at 1.8m installed height) in a 12m² room using R290, the maximum charge would be 260g. The standard also places a cap on the maximum flammable refrigerant charge irrespective of room area. For air-to-air products using an A3 refrigerant the cap is 26 x LFL of the refrigerant. R290 has an LFL of 0.038kg/m³, so the maximum charge allowed would be 26 x 0.038 – 988g. The limitation to the adoption of hydrocarbons in domestic split air conditioning systems therefore lies in the fact that for a wall-mounted split system with a charge of 988g of R290 refrigerant, it would be limited to being installed in a room with a floor area not less than 175m².

The current charge limits for flammable refrigerants in residential air conditioners were introduced in 2006 via AS/NZS 60335.2.40:2006.

It’s important to note that installers don’t need to be familiar with this charge calculation, as manufacturers are required by the standard to specify the minimum floor area permitted in the product installation manual.

Later versions of this standard have introduced some relaxations for Class A2L refrigerants; however there has been no change to the

Larger refrigerant charges can be used where the whole hydrocarbon refrigerant circuit is located outdoors or in a ventilated enclosure.

Spring 2020

Feature FOLLOW THE LEADER Hydrocarbon refrigerants are becoming more popular around the world as the phase-down of fluorinated gases (F-gases) continues, particularly in the European market. This popularity led the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) – the world’s leading organisation for the preparation and publication of international standards for electrotechnology – to increase the charge limit of hydrocarbon refrigerants in commercial systems. “Last year’s IEC hydrocarbon charge limit increase to 500g for commercial cabinets will allow an even wider uptake of this technology in the future once this has been adopted by individual countries or regions,” says Ilana Koegelenberg, market development manager for Shecco. Australia was among the first countries to adopt the IEC changes, with Standards Australia adopting new limits on the amount of A3 (flammable) and A2L (low flammable) refrigerant that is allowed to be used in commercial refrigeration appliances and ice makers in Australia and New Zealand. This is reflected in AS/NZS 60335.2.89:2020 – an adoption of IEC 60335-2-89 Edition 3. According to Mario Balen, Affil.AIRAH, general manager of Australian hydrocarbon supplier HyChill Australia, overseas markets – with the exception of the USA – have proven to be much nimbler and proactive in developing and adopting new technologies using hydrocarbons.

“China has actively encouraged their air conditioning industry to develop hydrocarbon technology,” Balen says.

CALLS TO BAN HFCs IN SINGLE SPLIT SYSTEMS

“They have completed pilot programs such as installing thousands of air conditioning systems in university buildings and other public institutions, with some 160,000 propane systems installed.” Balen points to major manufacturers having considerable capacity to commence production of hydrocarbon air conditioning systems once barriers are removed.

The Environmental Investigation Agency (EIA) recently engaged German researchers to look into the benefits of switching split system air conditioning units from HFC refrigerants to R290.

“Hydrocarbon domestic air conditioning systems have already been tested and some approved for sale and use in Europe, with Midea expected to start sales in Germany before the end of the year,” he says.

With the European Union’s F-Gas regulation currently under review, the EIA has called for a ban on HFCs in single split air conditioning units. In support of its call, it is working to secure an amendment to current rules to allow for a greater volume of R290 to be used in residential air conditioning systems. The change would also allow for increased charge sizes of A2L refrigerants, such as R32.

India is also a growth nation for hydrocarbons, with local manufacturer Godrej & Boyce using R290 in its range of domestic split air conditioning systems.

A MANUFACTURER’S PERSPECTIVE

In the case of hydrocarbons, the change would not increase charge sizes for appliances used in very large rooms; this would remain at about 1kg. But it would change the charge for an ordinary-sized room.

Despite the international experience, the take‑up of hydrocarbons in Australia has been slower. Some blame the established synthetic refrigerants industry for curtailing its progress, while others point to the risks associated with flammability and charge limits as driving factors.

To hold this increased charge, systems will need circulation airflow, safety shut-off valves, and will need to satisfy new construction requirements for a more robust design.

According to Robert Beggs, managing director of Australian air conditioning manufacturer Temperzone,

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thermofin Sales Office Australia · 2 Apollo Court, Greensborough VIC 3088 phone 0475 626762 · huss.osman@thermofin.de · www.thermofin.de

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Feature HYDROCARBON HEROES Grosvenor Engineering Group Such is the demand among its clients – particularly local councils – for the use of low‑GWP HVAC technologies in any new developments, technical services company Grosvenor Engineering Group has introduced a dedicated natural refrigerant technology service. Announced in July, the company will train all 400 of its HVAC technicians in natural refrigerant technology within the next 12 months – following the accreditation of more than 30 technicians in the safe handling of R32. “We have been observing market trends overseas and the exponential growth towards using environmentally friendly HVAC&R solutions which deliver significant energy savings,” says Nicholas Lianos, Affil.AIRAH, managing director at Grosvenor Engineering Group. “The technology that underpins the ability to achieve these outcomes is the use of natural refrigerants such as hydrocarbons.”

So far the focus of Grosvenor Engineering Group with natural refrigerants has been in the areas of package units extending through to chiller systems used within larger commercial premises.

there are very few brands entering the Australian market that have adopted hydrocarbons.

While the small refrigerant charge in domestic refrigerators (less than 100g) can be managed without increasing the likelihood of an incident related to ignition of the refrigerant, the risk is deemed to increase according to the size of the charge.

“The Australian government’s energy rating register currently features 14 air conditioning brands that claim to use a hydrocarbon refrigerant,” Beggs says. “Of these, 12 brands are portable air conditioners using R290 with a cooling capacity of less than 4kW, and all these with the exception of one (De’Longhi – Italy) are made in China. The other two brands are local suppliers offering imported split systems, package units and ducted systems using a refrigerant listed as M60.” M60 is a proprietary blend of hydrocarbons R290, R1270 and R600a offered by Australian hydrocarbon supplier Engas. Beggs says that from a local air conditioning manufacturer’s point of view, the barrier to the wider adoption of hydrocarbons is the cost to build the product, and the additional risk of a serious accident. “No reputable manufacturer should release a product onto the market that has a risk of serious incident associated with it that is not acceptable to the manufacturer or the market,” he says.

manufacturer, even an ignition may not be acceptable “For a multi-national manufacturer, even an ignition risk during use of 1 in 10 million may not be acceptable considering the cumulative result of the millions they sell each year with a life of, say, 10 years.” It’s this balance of risk versus reward that has always held back the wider adoption of hydrocarbon refrigerants in Australia. HVAC&R Nation

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“We will soon have a dedicated team of highly experienced and accredited staff equipped to implement natural refrigerant technology in commercial buildings.” In recognising the training gaps preventing the Australian market from truly embracing natural refrigerants, Grosvenor assessed what training programs were available in Australia – at one stage considering developing its own – before establishing a working relationship with Superior Training Centre. The registered training organisation (RTO) based in Ingleburn, NSW, has developed a number of fully accredited courses in working with natural refrigerants, including:

One sector where hydrocarbons are gaining a foothold, however, is in supermarket and commercial refrigeration.

• Handle class A2/A2L flammable refrigerants

According to HyChill, leading supermarket groups are either trialling significant hydrocarbon systems or are installing them as a matter of course.

• Service and repair of self-contained hydrocarbon air conditioning and refrigeration systems

“Hydrocarbon refrigerants are recognised as one of the most effective and efficient in the industry,” says Balen. “Their performance has been well researched and there are many studies evidencing their benefits.

This follows trends in Europe where regulatory barriers have been removed, resulting in the marketing opening up to hydrocarbon refrigerants.

risk during use of 1 in 10 million

SUPERMARKETS LEAD THE WAY

“The number of local and particularly global companies developing, or even manufacturing, standalone air conditioning systems such as heat pumps and chillers is impressive.”

For a multi-national

It has left many manufacturers to take the perceived safer option, which in the case of modern domestic split system air conditioners, appears to be the use of the A2L‑classified refrigerant R32.

Lianos says market research has highlighted a gap in the Australian market for technical people who can properly and safely handle, install and maintain natural refrigeration solutions.

“Chest freezers, supermarket cabinets and displays, commercial refrigeration installations, ice making machines, ice cream installations, water coolers – the list goes on – have all adopted hydrocarbons as a mainstay refrigerant.” Other common applications here in Australia include automotive air conditioning, small‑scale refrigerated cabinets and even agricultural conversions in dairies and wineries. Spring 2020

• Apply safety awareness and legal requirements for hydrocarbon refrigerants

• Install and commission hydrocarbon refrigeration systems, components and associated equipment Noting that common Class A2L refrigerants like R32 – as well as some HFOs – also present a flammability risk, Grosvenor is confident that training can alleviate any such concerns when it comes to the use of hydrocarbons. “Compared to the most common refrigerants in use today, we don’t believe that working with hydrocarbons presents a significant step change,” says Lianos. “Properly trained technicians using established installation and servicing guidelines, along with appropriate safety measures being fitted to equipment, should see no greater risks being incurred to that of other types of refrigerants.”

EcoChill New Zealand Committed to innovation in clean cooling technology, family-owned EcoChill has pioneered the design and installation of many New Zealand firsts.

Feature These include the country’s first natural refrigerant technology, the first retail glycol system, the first transcritical CO2 system, the first waterloop system, and the first parallel compression CO2 system. More recently, the company has completed the end-to-end development of New Zealand’s largest hydrocarbon system for the country’s most easterly commercial shipping port, Eastland Port. “The Eastland Port project is an exciting new step for hydrocarbons in New Zealand with the line between commercial and industrial applications no longer defined as it used to be,” says Matthew Darby, founder and managing director of EcoChill.

high‑performance choice, EcoChill finds that users of synthetic refrigerants for many years become hydrocarbon converts. “At this time, hydrocarbons are well placed as a future-proof solution regarding cost and supply considerations.”

OVERCOMING THE RISK If hydrocarbons are to fulfil their promise, the flammability risks associated with their use will need to be overcome both through technology and specific industry training.

“Delivering over 1MW of cooling, the R1270 system has broken through the industrial application barrier that previously existed, providing a very real alternative to both synthetics and ammonia.”

But Balen says such flammability issues are often overstated.

Such is the company’s success in natural refrigerants that in 2017 it committed to only delivering natural refrigerant solutions by 2020, with hydrocarbons a core part of its offering alongside CO2 and ammonia.

Balen says that generally, additional precautions need to be undertaken when using hydrocarbon refrigerants.

“We did not want to be part of HFOs’ introduction into New Zealand, only to find they needed to be rolled back once the impact of their use on the environment was understood,” says Darby. “It is clear that natural refrigerants are well understood and the technology is not only viable, but it can in fact provide superior system performance to synthetic F gases.” He says that once customers understand that hydrocarbon systems are safe, viable and a

QUEENSLAND BORDER CLOSED TO HCs TOO The rules for using hydrocarbon refrigerants in Queensland are stricter than in other parts of the country. This has been the case since the Department of Mines introduced regulations restricting its use in 2004.

“Under certain circumstances they may ignite, in a similar manner to other natural gases,” he says.

Only the holder of a gas work licence (hydrocarbon refrigerants) can do work on the gas system of a refrigeration appliance. You must also make sure that all devices that use fuel gas as a refrigerant are approved before they are sold, installed or used.

“Those precautions relate to the work environment – such as ensuring proper ventilation of the workspace and eliminating ignition sources in the vicinity – as well as to the actual system, such as the use of suitable electrical connections and devices, leak detection devices in larger installations etc.”

But with a state election due in late October, One Nation Party MP Stephen Andrew is supporting a push to bring the sunshine state in line with the rest of Australia.

But whether Class A3 refrigerants like hydrocarbons, Class A2L refrigerants like R32 – or indeed both – are deemed to be the future, the HVAC&R industry will need to come to terms with regularly using flammable refrigerants in a safe and effective manner. ■

At time of this issue going to print, an online petition had attracted around 600 signatures of support.

There’s a whole other world of HVAC&R to discover in Ecolibrium magazine.

Get a taste of AIRAH’s official journal at www.airah.org.au/ecolibrium To advertise in ECOLIBRIUM contact — Glenn Douglas 0411 839 667 or John McGrath 0419 556 108

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AIRAH News

RIGHT PLACE, RIGHT TIME

SA Apprentice of the Year James Corral relishes the learning opportunities and growth potential of HVAC&R. James Corral, Stud.AIRAH, is no stranger to work that involves temperature control. He went from serving up hot meals in a takeaway restaurant to keeping indoor environments cool as an apprentice AC technician. Before his apprenticeship with VIP Air Conditioning in 2017, the former kitchen lead had logged six years in the hospitality trade. But the strain of clocking 60‑hour working weeks gave him pause.

Having now spent three and a half years in the HVAC&R industry, he can safely affirm his decision to change course. It also helps that he has just been recognised as Apprentice of the Year at the 2020 AIRAH SA Apprenticeship Awards. “I am absolutely stoked and very flattered,” says the 24-year-old. “I didn’t think that I would win at all.”

“Hospitality is pretty brutal,” Corral says. “As a manager, I didn’t have many weekends off at all.” Although leading an 11-person team had imparted to him considerable management skills and a solid work ethic, he thought that a career change was imperative – if only to maintain “sanity”.

Sponsored by ActronAir, this year’s awards were held virtually due to COVID-19 restrictions. The AIRAH SA Apprentice Awards were created to spot and encourage outstanding refrigeration and air conditioning apprentices in the state. As in previous years, the winner also received a $1,000 tool voucher sponsored by CPS Tools. Other 2020 award winners include Ashlee Seymour from Williams Ref’n & Air Con, who was named Runner Up Apprentice of the Year; Josh Elliot from BHP Billiton Ltd who received the Encouragement Award; and Jayson James from Technichill, recipient of the Airefrig Scholarship.

“I didn’t want to let work affect my mental health,” he says. “It got to a stage where I was looking into the future and could no longer see myself doing what I was doing for a career.”

As a stroke of serendipity, Corral’s boss at VIP Air Conditioning also won the SA Apprentice of the Year Award exactly 20 years ago. “Jamie told me it was time to make some room on the VIP couch,” Corral says. “He was pretty stoked to hear that I’ve won. He congratulated me and just told me to do my best.”

SUNRISE INDUSTRY Asked what first attracted him to join the HVAC&R trade, Corral says he was motivated by the abundant training opportunities. “It’s a trade where there is so much to learn and it just keeps growing,” he says. “The more I learn, the more I realise that there’s a lot more that I don’t know – so that keeps me going.”

Corral has traded grills for ... um ... grilles.

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Spring 2020

While the self-confessed technical rookie finds the steep learning curve daunting at times, he believes that he is in the right industry at the right time. “As issues like global warming and climate change gather momentum, there’s potential for massive growth in the HVAC&R industry, in terms of how we navigate the changes with new cooling technologies and low-emissions alternatives,” he says. “Personally, I find it a fascinating environment.” As summer approaches, the HVAC apprentice is looking forward to getting more work done during the busy season. “Summer can be a double-edged sword but I’m not complaining,” he says. “I prefer waking up early and working when the sun is out. It’s better than working late into the night inside a kitchen!” ■

WINNERS’ CIRCLE Apprentice of the Year James Corral from VIP Air Conditioning Award generously sponsored by Actron Air AIRAH also thanks CPS Tools for donating a $1,000 tool voucher to the winner

Runner Up Apprentice of the Year Ashlee Seymour from Williams Ref’n & Air Con Encouragement Award

Josh Elliot

from BHP Billiton Ltd Airefrig Scholarship recipient

Jayson James from Technichill

Award generously sponsored by Airefrig

Degree-perfect climate control is only the beginning. iZone’s intelligently designed and engineered climate control system delivers degree-perfect air conditioning to maximise comfort and energy efficiency while minimising costs. On top of this, iZone’s state-of-the-art, smart home controllers have been designed with embedded firmware and layers of protection to increase the security of the system.

Intelligent temperature control

Reduce fan speed and running costs

iZone’s intelligent sensors use a control algorithm to automatically scan, detect and switch which sensor needs to be the controlling sensor for the system, thereby allowing zones or rooms to reach their optimum set point temperature faster than other climate control systems where this function can only be manually set.

Fan Auto Control is an iZone system feature which allows the indoor fan to automatically reduce speed when the number of operating zones are increased or decreased. This reduces running costs and noise while increasing comfort and control. The system is also much quieter because only the optimal amount of airflow is being used.

Innovative in-duct supply air sensor

Improved unit efficiency and climate control

The supply air sensor is a unique iZone innovation. This supply air sensor constantly measures supply air temperature off the coil, in order to make use of hot or cold air in the duct when the compressor has cycled off, thereby allowing zones to utilise this conditioned air. This additional point of control enables the machine to run more efficiently and accurately.

iZone’s bypass damper system maximises comfort and control while improving system efficiency. As zone temperatures reach their desired set points, the bypass damper automatically modulates to divert excess air into the return air thereby maintaining perfect temperatures in every zone while also reducing the energy consumption.

Total climate control from the couch.

+61 (08) 9418 6631 sales@izone.com.au 9 Geelong Court, Bibra Lake, WA 6163

iZone Sensors & Switches

Control energy use and bills With iZone’s “Scrooge Mode” you can disengage the actual temperature display from system operation. The temperature can then be dialled higher or lower without altering the air conditioner’s operation. This feature increases efficiency whilst allowing the occupants to believe they have full control. iZone Smart Air Conditioning Systems are designed and engineered in Australia by iZone. Our smart, simple, affordable lifestyle technologies help Australians take greater control of their home’s air conditioning so they can save time, money and the planet.

Controls everything in the home from a smart device.

Spring 2020

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HVAC&R Nation

Around the Nation 1

1 ARBS MOVES TO 2022

Made from a thermoset phenolic material, KoolDuct is claimed to have exceptional fire performance, demonstrating low flame spread, smoke emissions and toxicity emissions under fire.

After first moving to February 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, ARBS has now been rescheduled to April 27–29, 2022, at the Melbourne Convention and Exhibition Centre.

Go to www.kingspan.com/au/en-au ■

3 AUTOMATIC FOR THE PEOPLE

“The decision to postpone ARBS 2021 was not entered into lightly, and took into account the local and global concerns about COVID-19 as well as federal and state government advice,” says ARBS exhibition manager Sue Falcke.

Fridgies could find it easier to do business across state and territory borders as part of a new government plan for automatic recognition.

“We are very disappointed that we are unable to hold this event for our exhibitors, speakers, award finalists and visitors; however, we must prioritise the health and safety of all attendees. We wish to thank everyone for their continued support and understanding during such uncertain times.”

The proposal, announced by Treasurer Josh Frydenberg, will cover trades such as RAC workers, electricians and plumbers, as well as a raft of other licensed occupations. The reforms have been agreed to by federal, state and territory treasurers, and a framework will now be developed by the Council on Federal Financial Relations (CFFR).

In the meantime, some ARBS activities will shift online, as several new digital events will be introduced over the coming months. This will include the ARBS 2020 Awards ceremony. Go to: www.arbs.com.au ■

2 KOOL ALLIANCE Insulation specialist Kingspan has announced Ductus as its new national distribution partner for KoolDuct. “The phenolic based KoolDuct insulation board, produced in our Somerton, Victoria, facility, is a real game-changer for the HVAC market, and we are excited to make it more readily available to Australian consumers through our new partnership with Ductus,” says Kingspan managing director Scott Gibson.

The Kirby Apprentice Fund has celebrated its first anniversary. The fund accumulated $6,065 in donations with 83 HVAC&R apprentices registered across 63 companies. The fundraising efforts made by Kirby staff, customers and suppliers CPS, Supercool Group, Testo, Fieldpiece, HLP Controls, Danfoss, Emerson, Tesuco, Sauermann, VetoProPak and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, have enabled the fund to distribute inaugural packs containing trade tools,

It weighs up to 75 per cent less than ductwork constructed from conventional galvanised sheet steel and bulk insulation – this makes it ideal for refurbishment projects, where existing building structures have insufficient load capacities for new services. |

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The government hopes to have the scheme up and running by January 1, 2021, subject to legislation being established in states and territories. CFFR will report back to National Cabinet in October 2020 on its progress. ■

4 KIRBY CUTS THE CAKE

According to Kingspan, KoolDuct is the only premium performance pre-insulated ductwork in the world to be UL Listed as a Class 1 Air Duct under the UL 181 Standard for Safety when fabricated to the UL specification.

Although mutual recognition already exists for some occupations and jurisdictions, workers need to apply for recognition in another state or territory, pay fees and sometimes meet extra requirements. The “red-tape reduction” reforms will allow individuals who hold an occupational licence in one Australian jurisdiction to undertake equivalent work in another jurisdiction under the same licence.

Spring 2020

maintenance product, merchandise and literature valued at over $450 each to every apprentice registered up to June 30, 2020. South Australia and Northern Territory-based Sims Refrigeration was one business that embraced the intent of the fund early and registered nine apprentices. “Sims was pleased to have supported the Kirby Apprentice Fund through the purchase of Kirby T-shirts,” says owner David Sims, M.AIRAH. “Kirby is an active industry member, having trained our technicians in CO2 systems technology, so it made sense to support them in this excellent initiative. I encourage all business owners to register their apprentices and support the Kirby Apprentice Fund.” Go to: www.kirbyhvacr.com.au ■

5 DEALER DELIGHT Mitsubishi Electric Australia has celebrated its best dealers across the nation and within each state and territory at this year’s Dealer Awards. Although the event was hosted virtually due to COVID-19 restrictions, Mitsubishi Electric Australia says that the sentiment behind acknowledging its most valued dealers and the company’s successes remained the same as previous years. “Mitsubishi Electric Australia recognises the hard work of our dealer network throughout the last 12 months, and so now is a time to reflect and celebrate the past achievements and talk about where the company is going in the future,” says Zane Barron, general manager – LEG national sales, Mitsubishi Electric Australia. “All considered, The Diamond Dealers enjoyed another strong year of sales over the last financial year and whilst we’ve been struck with some difficult circumstances, the company continues to stay on track with business growth and targets. “The number of dealers working with us has increased and is a testament to the great products on offer, particularly in our ducted product category and the strong after-sales support that we provide to all our customers.” Go to: www.mitsubishielectric.com.au ■

Around the Nation 5

Shane Bradford, AM.AIRAH, of Aston Airconditioning (left) and Zane Barron

Scott Williams

6 NEW WEB PRESENCE

8 NEW TRAINING PACKAGE APPROVED

Air distribution solutions supplier Total Aircon Fittings West has proudly unveiled its new website.

As this issue was going to print, changes to Australia’s most widely offered RAC qualification were finally approved by the Australian Industry Skills Committee (AISC) as part of Release 2 of the UEE Electrotechnology Training Package.

“Being a one-stop shop we offer a variety of high-quality products such as diffusers, grilles, registers, louvers, dampers, ducts, sheet metal, fans, accessories and other HVAC equipment for both residential and commercial applications,” says business development manager Ray Manityakul. “Total Aircon Fittings West is a key supplier to the HVAC industry here in Australia. “The company is currently established in Auburn, New South Wales. With over 30 years’ experience in the industry, Total Aircon Fittings West remains dedicated to its partners by providing excellent service and reliable quality products.” Go to: www.tafw.com.au ■

7 AERIS MAKES COVID BREAKTHROUGH Australian IAQ, deep clean and corrosion protection expert Aeris Environmental has secured extended residual claims from the Therapeutic Goods Administration for its Aeris Active disinfectant cleaner. The on-label claims now include “Residual COVID-19 kill for up to seven days” and “Residual antibacterial for up to 30 days (or 200 touches) against gram-negative E. coli and gram-positive S. aureus”. The claims are the result of extensive independent scientific testing and validation studies at accredited NATA laboratory, Eurofins AMS. These demonstrated that Aeris Active has the ability to kill COVID-19 for up to a week on surfaces, together with an approved residual antibacterial efficacy for up to 30 days (or 200 touches) against the test organisms of gram-negative E. coli and gram-positive S. aureus. “This recognition confirms the ‘real world’ performance of our products,” says Aeris Environmental CEO Peter Bush, “and I am pleased that this Australian developed, manufactured and patented technology is being recognised globally for its unique position of ‘clean‑green-protect’.” Go to: www.aeris.com.au ■

In his later years, he dedicated much of his time to laying the groundwork for the establishment of a James Harrison Museum. Unfortunately, his dream has not been realised as yet.

The qualification, UEE32220 Certificate III in Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, will supersede the current UEE32211 course. Many units have been updated to include flammable A2 and A2L refrigerants, which already dominate some sectors of HVAC&R, for example, residential split systems. Likewise, the unit on recovering, pressure testing, evacuating, charge and leak testing has been split into two units to include the ever-increasing range of refrigerants including class A2/A2L and A3 flammables and CO2.

Harrison was an honorary AIRAH member since the mid-1990s, and his family continues to promote their pioneering history and celebrate the legacy left in the HVAC&R industry. ■

10 AMCA WELCOMES WILLIAMS

Finally, a new unit has been added on recovering refrigerant from stationary self-contained end‑of‑life decommissioned equipment. This meets the requirements of the national RRR12 – Restricted RAC Recovery licence administered by the Australian Refrigeration Council. The UEE32220 qualification is just one of 79 qualifications in the UEE11 Electrotechnology Training Package approved by AISC, which contains a whopping 530 units of competency and 50 skill sets. This includes 12 HVAC&R qualifications, from Certificate II to Advanced Diploma, and 13 Skill Sets focusing on natural refrigerants. ■

The Air Conditioning & Mechanical Contractors’ Association (AMCA) has appointed Scott Williams as its new CEO. Williams joins the AMCA after 11 years serving as CEO of the Fire Protection Association Australia (FPA), where he successfully oversaw the execution of a national strategy while strengthening the organisation’s presence in each state jurisdiction. AMCA national president Michael Anthony says the selection panel was highly conscious of the recruitment process taking place during a period of unprecedented uncertainty, making it critical that the right person was appointed. “The recruitment process was exhaustive and highly competitive,” Anthony says.

9 VALE JAMES HARRISON A century after AIRAH was founded to commemorate refrigeration pioneer James Harrison, his grandson James Victor Harrison has passed away. He died peacefully at 91 on Tuesday, July 28 in Albury, NSW. Like his grandfather, Harrison always had a fascination with machines and all types of engines and how things worked.

Harrison secured an apprenticeship with an industrial knitting company after school, and went to night school to complete an Engineering Certificate. This led to a career in mechanical and hydraulic engineering, primarily in special purpose machine‑tool manufacturing for Australia’s vehicle industry.

“Scott has the right mix of experience and industry knowledge needed to support members and guide the AMCA through the COVID-19 recovery.” Under Williams’ stewardship, the FPA established the Fire Protection Accreditation Scheme (FPAS), which was formally recognised in NSW as the accepted evidence of competence for fire safety practitioners. “He will be a strong and formidable advocate for all members, so we’re delighted that he has decided to join the AMCA,” says Anthony. Go to: www.amca.com.au ■

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Green Wedge

SOUND THE ALARM The Ping Monitor is an Aussie invention that measures and analyses aero-acoustic signals for the early identification of wind turbine blade damage.

Wind blades are major elements of wind turbines. When these highly visible – and exposed – components are damaged, it can result in structural failure and hefty repair costs. A general overhaul of the rotor blade takes a lot of time and money. To prevent this, a proactive maintenance strategy involving periodic checks is often used, but that is also expensive and time-intensive, and it doesn’t cover all incidences of damage.

when there is a higher chance of observing a defect.

frequently as daily with the level of damage observed.

One key advantage of the innovation, says Ping Services, is that visual inspections can be delayed and optimised.

The continuous feedback on external blade damage can reduce the maintenance costs, inspection costs and operational downtime of the wind turbine.

The innovation uses proprietary algorithms to measure and analyse blade aero-acoustic signals to detect a range of blade damage including cracks, holes, pits, loss of add-on devices and delamination.

Ping Services has raised $2.25m in funding from private investors and the government, including pre-seed funding via the Australian Government Accelerating Commercialisation Grant and South Australian Government Research, Commercialisation and Startup Fund.

“We have found that sound has good accuracy for detecting damage. We have tested over 300 wind turbines in Australia and the US,” says CEO of Ping Services, Matthew Stead, M.AIRAH.

Adelaide-based start-up Ping Services estimates that damaged blades cost the industry a whopping $2bn annually. The company has designed the Ping Monitor, a continuous aero-acoustic system that assesses wind turbine blade damage. Offering autonomous and continuous monitoring, the system eliminates the need for unnecessary inspections by ensuring that checks are only carried out

“There are many industries where sound can be used to detect damage. This is the way that technicians used to assess machinery and bearing damage.” The results are sent by satellite to a cloud service to alert site representatives and/or control centres as

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Sushi.

Spring 2020

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The company says the investment will be used to accelerate its global customer growth and scale manufacturing. They will also be exploring other industries that can benefit from the acoustic technology. “We will next pursue industries where sound is an indicator for machine health,” Stead says. “Examples include pumps and other mechanical plant.” ■

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HVAC&R Nation

The Lighter Side This month’s Lighter Side brought to you by:

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1 WINNER

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3 CENTRIFUGAL DUCTWORK Maybe the person who installed this ductwork is dreaming of a career change to baking cinnamon rolls. Or maybe they just couldn’t be bothered cutting it to size. Greg from Perth snapped the photo, and says it’s since been rectified. ■

4 SACRÉ BLEU!

1 CHILLING ON THE CHEAP “Came across this on a farm in south-east Queensland while working on another coldroom onsite,” says Phil, who sent us this snap. “I guess if the fans need changing out I’ll just buy replacements at Kmart!” ■

You know you work in HVAC&R when you start snapping photos of air conditioning units on your trip to France. Thanks to Richard in WA for this one – two condensing units under a window in Paris, with the protection louvres smashed by a car. ■

5 HOLD THE FOAM

2 CAMOUFLAGED CONDENSER Last issue’s winner Mick came oh so close to doing the double with this pic of an amazing mural. “Spotted this on my travels,” he says. “Took a minute but yes there is a condenser unit on the wall.” ■

Warren from Melbourne also indulged in a bit of HVAC&R sightseeing overseas. “I saw this unit working while walking down a street in Boston,” he says. “They sure have a different way of installation in the US! How long it will work for is anybody’s guess.” ■

HAVE YOU COME ACROSS SOMETHING SCARY, UGLY OR JUST PLAIN FUNNY? If your entry is deemed the monthly winner, a 700ml bottle of Jim Beam will be on its way to your door. Please include a postal address with your entry. Entrants must be 18 or over. Send your hi-res (>500KB) photos to Editor, Mark Vender at mark.vender@airah.org.au

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Spring 2020

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HVAC&R Nation

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HVAC&R Nation October 2020

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