THREE DWELLINGS-Akmal Afandi Azhar

Chocolate Dwellling

Chimney Dwellling

Three Dwellings Akmal Afandi Azhar Unit 22

Tree Dwellling

Chocolate Dwelling Intimate respective monuments as a reminiscence to the traditional culture and heritage Reincarnating the abandon Architecture of Vernacular Malay House in Peninsular Malaysia

Traditional wood carving ornaments

Mobility

Construction

Vulgarisation of Traditional Malay House

Contemporary application

Developments

Roof orientation

Platform height

Skin materiality

South facade

North facade

West facade

East facade

Floor plan

Typical floor layout and life in traditional Malay house

Roof plan

Male domain

Female domain

Transitional area

Changing

Dining

Cooking

Washing

Chit-chatting/ Gossiping

Praying

Meeting

Reception

Adult sleeping

User Experiences

Washing area linked to the chicken coop

Cooking

Dining

Washing

Sections

Longitudinal

Traversal

User Experiences

Male domain

User Experiences

Female domain

Next Steps

To construct one particular module according to vernacular methodology and scale 1:20

References of Vernacular Methodology

Chimney Dwelling Floating piers for cultural and education exchange between the locals and tourists Towards Improving Life of the Outcast Bajau Laut Tribe in Semporna, Sabah, Malaysia

Sea nomad - Stateless people - Sea gypsies - Sea folks - Sea hunters and gatherers - People of the sea - Sea tribe

Reference to the Local Context

Traditional Boat/Lepa (Annual Regatta Lepa Festival)

Constructing the festival boat according to the manual

Unbuilding the boat

1.

2.

3.

4.

6.

7.

Organize according to elements and functions

5.

Configuration 1

Configuration 2

Configuration 3

Configuration 4

Configuration 4.1

Configuration 4.2

Next Steps

Develop the chosen scheme (configuration 4) according scale and explore the possibilities of the space offered

Tree Dwelling for the ‘People of the Forest’ Suspended kinetic crib to nurture conserved living environment Sanctuary for Orphaned Baby Bornean Orang Utan in Sarawak, Malaysia

Clients

The orangutans are the two exclusively Asian species of extant great apes. Native to Indonesia and Malaysia, orangutans are currently found in only the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra.

Classified in the genus Pongo, orangutans were considered to be one species. However, since 1996, they have been divided into two species: the Bornean orangutan (P. pygmaeus) and the Sumatran orangutan (P. abelii). In addition, the Bornean species is divided into three subspecies. The orangutans are also the only surviving species of the subfamily Ponginae, which also included several other species like Gigantopithecus, the largest known primate. Both species had their genomes sequenced and they appear to have diverged around 400,000 years ago. Orangutans diverged from the rest of the great apes 15.7 to 19.3 mya (million years ago).

Both orangutan species are considered to be Endangered with the Sumatran orangutan being Critically Endangered. Human activities have caused severe decline in the populations and ranges of both species. Threats to wild orangutan populations include poaching, habitat destruction and the illegal pet trade.

Studies have shown social learning and cultures contribute substantially to orangutans’ level of innovation in the wild, with many of the different types of tool use observed being passed down through generations. Ex-captive orangutans, deprived of their mothers’ guidance, have to invent their own way of doing of things, and, lacking the social constraints of life in the wild, are free to explore their surroundings and take advantage of objects wild orangutans would generally ignore. The levels of imitation shown by ex-captives are also a likely result of humans having replaced orangutans as parental figures. As already discussed, orangutans have an extraordinarily long period of infant dependency, with infants spending between 5- 9 years learning every aspect of orangutan life from their mothers. Deprived of this, ex-captive orangutans seem to pick up atypical, or unusual, behavior from watching humans, and this contributes to the level of imitative behaviors displayed. Ex-captive orangutans at most sites also receive supplemental feeding, and freed from the endless quest to find food, which underpins almost all aspects of wild orangutan behavioral ecology, ex-captive orangutans have the time to experiment and innovate in different ways (Galdikas 1982; Russon et al, 2009).

Borneo, the third largest island in the world, divided between Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei, was once covered with dense rainforests, but along with its tropical lowland and highland forests, there has been extensive deforestation in the past sixty years. In the 1980s and 1990s the forests of Borneo underwent a dramatic transition. They were levelled at a rate unparalleled in human history, burned, logged and cleared, and commonly replaced with agricultural land, or palm oil plantations. Half of the annual global tropical timber acquisition currently comes from Borneo. Furthermore, palm oil plantations are rapidly encroaching on the last remnants of primary rainforest. Much of the forest clearance is illegal.

Study of Orang Utan Natural Habitat

More recent studies at Suaq Balimbing in Sumatra have found evidence of orangutans using tools to extract honey, ants or termites from tree holes, manipulation of vines to swing across gaps in the canopy and using leaves to fashion gloves to handle prickly fruits (Russon et al, 2009). Further similar levels of innovative feeding techniques have been observed at the Tuanan site in Borneo (van Schaik et al, 2003).

In comparison to the relative rarity of tool use observed in wild populations, such activities are common in rehabilitant, ex-captive and semi-wild orangutans. At Tanjung Puting in Borneo, semi wild ex-captive orangutans were observed using sticks to dig holes, jab at other orangutans, stir liquids, rake objects from fires, prying loose objects and as an arm extender to reach far away objects (Russon et al, 2009; Russon, 2004). Sticks and branches seem to be an important part of ex-captive innovation, with similar activities at other rehabilitation sites having been observed. At Ketambe in Sumatra orangutans were observed using sticks to open fruit, disturb ant nests, probe rat burrows and poke other animals in cages (Russon et al, 2009), and at a rehabilitation centre in Ketapang, West Borneo, a female adult orangutan was observed using a stick to try and pry open the lock on her cage.

Human made objects available are often used, and orangutans raised in their vicinity have proved to be expert imitators, with orangutans at Tanjung Puting being observed putting together make-shift clothes out of leaves and rags, putting rice on to ‘plates’ of bark, trying to put mosquito nets over night nests, breaking in to buildings and commandeering dug- out canoes (Galdikas 1982 & 1995).

Orangutans build nests specialized for both day or night use. These are carefully constructed; young orangutans learn from observing their mother’s nest-building behaviour. In fact, nest-building is a leading cause in young orangutans leaving their mother for the first time. From six months of age onwards, orangutans practice nest-building and gain proficiency by the time they are three years old.[39] Orangutans build elaborate nests which have “pillows”, “blankets”, “bunk-beds” and “roofs”. Construction of a night nest is done by following a sequence of steps. Initially a suitable tree is located, orangutans being selective about sites even though many tree species are utilised. The foundation is then built by pulling together branches under them and joining them at a point. After the foundation has been built, the orangutan bends smaller, leafy branches onto the foundation; this serves the purpose of and is termed as the “mattress”. After this, orangutans stand and braid the tips of branches into the mattress. doing this increases the stability of the nest and forms the final act of nest-building. In addition, orangutans may add additional features such as “pillows”, “blankets”, “roofs” and “bunk-beds” to their nest.

Tragic Cases

The story of the ‘Lonely Mely’ Daily Mail, 28 March 2012 Mely was snatched from her mother 16 years ago and shackled in chains until her rescue in 2009. Now the home that will be Mely’s until the day she dies is taking shape and will be ready for her to move into later this year Orangutan Tradgedy in Indonesia Afzaal Janvier - Thursday, September 06, 2012 Some of you may have been following the recent story from International Animal Rescue (IAR) in West Borneo. IAR’s team rescued a large male orangutan that was burnt after local villagers tried to chase it out of a tree by setting it on fire. The police, forestry department and a great many other people became involved as a result of a video broadcast on Metrotv and BBC News which showed the orangutan’s hair catching fire as he clung to the burning tree.

Mely was snatched from her mother 16 years ago, shackled in chains, tethered on to a tiny verandah as a pet. She had endured seeing her mother shot and her carcass left to rot by a fisherman who wanted to keep her as a trophy pet. Traumatised and alone, the special bonding that creatures like her need was denied her.

Instead she was an outcast, fed on raw noodles and chilli powder which left her undernourished and unhealthy. In the wild a diet rich in fruit and fibres would have grown limbs that would have propelled her Tarzan-like through the canopy of rainforest trees that form her natural habitat. As it was her arms and legs could barely support her when IAR officials were greenlighted by the Indonesian government to rescue her in 2009.

The large male orangutan entered the farmland and plantations of some villagers in Wajok Hilir, near Pontianak. They did not want to harm him but were apparently at a loss to know what to do to frighten him away. They thought that by setting fire to the tree they could scare him away but tragically the orangutan had no means of escape and himself caught fire. The villagers called the BKSDA (forestry department) who called International Animal Rescue. The team immediately jumped into action. When they eventually managed to dart and sedate the orangutan, he was found to be in a fairly critical condition and severely dehydrated, although the burn wounds were only first degree and all superficial.

The condition of the orangutan was monitored by IAR vet Dr Siffa. He was evaluated and it was decided that he needed to be moved to IAR’s orangutan rescue clinic in Ketapang, a centre which our volunteers have played a major role in constructing. Tragically, the orangutan died on his way to the clinic. The Great Projects team here and at IAR, with whom we work so closely through our IAR Orangutan Project, are devastated by the loss.

Karmele Llano Sanchez, Executive and Veterinary Director of International Animal Rescue Indonesia, had this to say, “Although much blame is being attached to the villagers for their misguided actions, yet again, the real culprit in this story is the palm oil industry which is destroying the forest and leaving no food or shelter for orangutans and other wildlife – and creating conflict as people and animals compete for food.”

Responsibility to the volunteer group Green Hopes Eco Warrior

https://www.facebook.com/groups/147081364962/

Publications & Activities

*Pssst, join us now!

Earlier Development

Structure expand

Structure contract

Next Steps To explore the kinetic mechanism of the structure to offer view for tourist while simultaneously protect the baby orang utan from hostile environment