Svasthya- A Wellness Centre by Akriti Goel

svasthya

A wellness centre

Spatial Design Thesis Project 2021 AKRITI GOEL & KHUSHI MONGA

Copyrights 2020-2021 Student Document Publication (for private circulation only) All Rights Reserved Final Thesis Project (Undergraduate Professional Programme) Srishti Institute of Art, Design and Technology Bangalore - 560064 Karnataka No part of this document will be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronically or mechanically, including photocopying, scanning, photography and video recording without written permission from the publishers namely Akriti Goel, Khushi Monga and Srishti Institute of Art, Design and Technology, Bangalore. Written, edited and designed by Akriti Goel and Khushi Monga Printed at KolorKode, Bangalore

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND PLAGIARISM STATEMENT I, Akriti Goel, hereby declare that the content of this student documentation and final design/ artwork submission is my own original work and has not been plagiarised in full or part from previously published/designed/manufactured material or does not even contain substantial propositions of content which have been accepted for an award of any other degree or diploma of any other educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in this thesis project. I also declare that the intellectual content of this Thesis Project is my own original work, except to the extent that assistance from others in the project’s design and conception or in style and presentation is acknowledged and that this thesis project (or part of it) will not be submitted as assessed work in any other academic course.

COPYRIGHT STATEMENT I, Akriti Goel, hereby grant Srishti Institute of Art, Design and Technology the right to archive and to make available my Thesis Project in whole or in part in the institute’s databank and website, and for non-commercial use in all forms of media, now and hereafter known, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act.

University of Mysore Date: 1st July, 2021

ACKNOWLEDGMENT Foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisor and facilitator, Ms. Rocio Fatas Arana for the continuous support through my Undergraduate thesis research, development and final outcome. Her guidance helped me build a strong understanding of ‘ Cultured senses’ and the surrounding context. Besides my facilitator, I would like to thank the rest of the Public Space Design faculty : Mr. Ninad Koranne, Ms. Lakshmi Srinivasan, Mr. Bhavin Kothari and Ms. Urvashi Jalali, all of whom were available to discuss any doubts that arose along the course of the project. I would like to thank them for their constant encouragement, insightful comments and critical remarks. Amongst them a special thank you goes to Mr. Ninad Koranne for tirelessly discussing ideas with me and suggesting improvements. Thirdly, I would like to thank Khushi Monga for collaborating with me for this project and sticking with me right through it. Without her contribution this project would not have been possible. Our discussions, remarks and critiquing helped the project grow immensely. It has not been the easiest to collaborate on a spatial design project remotely but I am thankful to her for helping us cross this hurdle and come out strong in the end. I am grateful to have collaborated for my thesis with her, she has great talent and skill to offer and I believe we make a great team together. Next, I would like to thank my friends: Varun Balasubramani, Kartik Chati, Noor Sharma, Akshata Murdeshwar, Divyaksh Trivedi, Saachi Pimprikar, Nitya Vyas, Sonal Agarwal, Sayantan Chowdhary and Manasi Patankar. They provided me with moral, emotional and mental support that helped me push through till the end. Doing a project for a long duration of five months can be intimidating but working beside these people was motivating and encouraging and the project did not feel as daunting, thanks to all the love and care they surrounded me with. I would like to thank another friend namely Vallari Bhagat who offered her support over long distance. I would like to extend a special thank you to Varun Balasubramani for his tremendous help and support especially towards the final stages of the project. Lastly, I would like to thank my family for the care I received that helped me focus on this project better. Thank you for believing in me and helping me cross any hurdles that came along the way.

ABST RACT As cities become the main inhabited human ecosystem, what role does the built environment have on overall wellbeing? How do we as humans satisfy our innate need to connect with nature? This thesis explores the negative impacts that spending time in urban environments has on wellbeing and proposes a new typology of public built amenity that utilizes the concepts of biophilia and third places to stimulate healing. The study of biophilia suggests that humans as species have an innate connection to nature. The trend of urban living is relatively small on the evolutionary timeline, and research has shown that this has created negative effects on physical and mental health. Additional research supports that spending time in biophilic environments can drastically improve wellbeing and overall improving healing time. The project also explores the concept of Indian energy circles also known as ‘Chakras’, which according to Hindu philosophy, when connected and flowing ensure wellness of the human body. This thesis proposes a publically accessible biophilic facility that promotes wellbeing as a necessary preventative health measure in urban areas. This project is aimed at staffing a conversation to engage both designers and the public, and address why spaces like these are necessary inclusions in urban environments.

INDEX

PAGE NOS.

INTRODUCTION

8-11

Problem Statement

PROPOSAL

12-21

Brief and Abstract About the context Need for Intervention Process Positionality Materials and Resources Approach Research & Possible Outcomes

12 14 16 17 18 19 20 21

PART 1

22-33

Biophilia Hypothesis Healing Environments Existing Design Paradigm Restorative Environment Design- The paradigm shift Biophilic Design

22 24 26 28 30 32

PART 2

34-45

Third Places Characteristics Potential Biophilic Intervention Perceived Sensory Dimensions

34 36 38 40 44

PART 3

46- 59

ELEMENT BASED • Tree-houses, Romain ville, France • Water Feature, Green-acre Park, NYC

46 48

CONCEPT BASED • Elevated Park, Chapultepec, Mexico • Wooden Parking House, Denmark • Termalija Family Wellness, Slovenia

50 52 54

EXTERIOR/ MATERIALITY BASED • Naman Retreat Pure Spa, Vietnam • Kennzur Spa, Ibirapuera, Brazil

56 58

C O N T E N T S

INDEX

PAGE NOS.

PART 4

60- 79

Survey Program- Site and Building Area Program Circulation Site Analysis Context Analysis The Site- By Laws Climatic Analysis Architectural Response

60 64 68 69 70 72 74 76 78

PART 5

80- 94

Initial Grid ideation Bubble Ideation Ideation- Concepts Conceptual Massing Conceptual Stakeholder Analysis

80 82 86 92 93

PART 6

94-143

Concept & Form Development Masterplan Detailed Floor Plans & Sections Bird’s Eye View Parking Underlying Philosophy Library Yoga Public Seating Cafe Gym and Sports Spa & Sauna Kid’s play Area Landscape Features Sensory Mapping Structural Details Final Design Render

94 98 100 104 106 110 112 116 120 122 124 128 132 134 138 140 142

REFLECTION

144-145

REFERENCES

146- 153

INT RODUCT ION Our world is rapidly changing. We are seeing growing cultural unrest, increased stress, and heightened anxiety seemingly at every turn. In a COVID-19 world, this increased stress feels more present than ever. As we consider options to return to public spaces, it is paramount for us to incorporate health and wellbeing as ultimate drivers. The obvious focus in this instance is on minimizing contact and supporting respiratory health. It is also paramount that we support each other by utilizing interventions that foster our emotional wellbeing. With the incorporation of seperating strategies such as social distancing, it becomes more essential than ever to foster a sense of security and support people’s holistic wellbeing—regardless of project scope. One research-rooted approach supporting these needs resides within the field of biophilic design. As we are all experiencing an immense state of flux, it is paramount that we integrate the benefits of our natural environments into our built ones. The World Health Organisation expects stress related illness, such as mental health disorders and cardio-vascular disease, to be the two largest contributors to disease by 2020. With a diminished connection to nature, the increasing pressure on urban space & the ubiquitous technological presence we have less opportunity to recuperate our mental and physical energy. Incorporating direct or indirect elements of nature into the built environment have been demonstrated through research to reduce stress, blood pressure levels and heart rates, whilst increasing productivity, creativity and self reported rates of well-being.

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This is a critical time and opportunity to consider even the simplest gestures and the power of nature to induce as sense of calm for people within our buildings. In recent months, many have reconnected to nature—in our gardens, streetscapes and homes. We have reconnected with our own love of life. If we bring people back to environments that are not that—to ones that lack comfort, security and a focus on wellbeing— then we are missing out on a powerful opportunity to support the best in humans, when they need it most.

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PROBLEM STAT EMENT The current disconnect of urban dwellers from nature, and the role this loss of connection plays will become a larger problem with time.

As cities become the main human inhabited ecosystem, what can be done to improve the quality of life in urban areas? This project explores the human need for connection to nature in an urban setting and the urban context for this project has been chosen as Bengaluru, India. This hypothesis will be tested through the conceptual design of a biophilic wellness space in an urban setting. The project aims to test this hypothesis on several scales. On a broader scale, this project strives to reconnect humans to nature in urban settings, in an effort to gain the psychological, physical, mental and emotional benefits that correspond. On a smaller scale this project will result in the conceptual design of a prototype of building, addressing new concepts regarding how the public interacts with biophilic design. Overall, this will result in a building concept that is a hybrid mixture of nature and third places. This conceptual design will serve as a new prototype of urban nature that can be implemented in other surface parking lots in Bengaluru. This project will utilize and expand upon the existing studies and practices of biophilic design. The research of biophilia "suggests that humans possess an innate tendency to seek connections with nature and other forms of life". Biophilic design is the corresponding field of design that implements elements of the natural environment into the built environment.

If nature cannot be an everyday destination, the architecture within the urban setting must incorporate nature and it’s forms, acting as a public health amenity.

If practices of biophilic design can be incorporated into a publicly accessible building, then wellbeing can be accessible to a wider population.

If these benefits are quantifiable proven, then the integration of urban green facilities can be seen as a necessary investment in public health and wellbeing. It could attract and retain a positive community, making it a place people want to work and live, and a place they deeply care about.

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By proposing a prototype of a biophilic space that is designed for public use rather than individual use and encouraging public access to natural spaces within the built environment, a corresponding increase of psychological benefits will be found.

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By developing a new typology of green amenity as a building type rather than simply landscape, a wider variety of uses and activities can take place. The healing properties of nature can be utilized to design a biophilic wellness centre focused on mental, physical and social wellness. Being in connect with nature has positive effects on the human body and it has been scientifically proven to do so. So to have a wellness centre designed around the concept of biophilia, is ideal as it acts as a catalyst in the well-being and healing of the users, whatever

A wellness centre designed around the concept of biophilia, acts as a catalyst in the well-being and healing of the users, whatever form that may be in.

The overarching concept of this study is to examine the effects of the theoretical implementation of such a third space in one of the metro surface parking lots of Bengaluru. This site is located at a terminal metro station and is accessed by many on a daily basis for commute. This project aims to act as an example of a typology of a space for it’s implementation in more such spaces.

PROPOSAL Biophilic Healing :

Exploring humanity's place in the natural world & nature's place in human society

ABST RACT We experience our surroundings through our senses; through what we see, hear; what we smell; how we experience temperature and balance in space. Understanding these sensory interactions offers an opportunity to design and arrange spaces and environments in a manner that ‘fit the people who use them’. The links between environmental conditions and human health have long been known and reported. When experiencing sensory overload or underload, we are not the best versions of ourselves because we as humans naturally yearn for the optimum amount of multi-sensorial stimulation. Biophilia is one such concept that tackles multi-sensory stimulation, by keeping nature at the core of its application and theory. Simply put, biophilia describes the intrinsic relationship humans and nature share and addresses the notion that we perform at our best when connected to the other. If we get the design elements of biophilia right, then we can have environments that are creative, unique, and conducive to human health that nurtures wellbeing. Since we know of the multitude of benefits that multi-sensory experiences provide, it is not far-fetched to say that they can also help us heal. With undeniable psychological and physical benefits, the aim is to outline how biophilic design can be the catalyst in our healing journeys.

BRIEF Humans have five main senses and impressions gained through your senses are crucial for your memory. Hence, when we experience multi-sensory spaces, we use more fields in our brain, and that in turn enables us to remember experiences more vividly. The goal is to make our senses align with the space, which helps culturally connect people to their environment and creates a positive, healing atmosphere. By bringing living qualities back into architecture’s toolbox, we can better incorporate healing strategies. We can accomplish this with our direct emotional responses, which must be reintroduced into today’s practice. This connectedness however could be strengthened by the design industry, as design possesses the ability to promote this relationship through built environment solutions that encourage interdependency between people and natural elements. People are increasingly demanding such environments and it is the need of the moment to bring the outside, inside.

ABOUT T HE CONT EXT Every time you enter a space, a rush of information about it is delivered to your brain through your senses. What does a space look like? What sounds are coming from it? What does it smell like? Is it hot or chilly, humid or dry? We as humans are full-body sensors, and our feelers are out at every waking moment, helping us understand the places we go. These same inputs also work to influence our mood, our behavior, and ultimately our well-being in any given space. This vision is the core of multi-sensory design, with the idea that we must approach the act of design by targeting the body’s multitude of brains. The concept acknowledges that people experience and react to space in many ways, consciously and unconsciously by receiving input from all sensory organs.

a soft pile carpet beneath your feet. Before you check-in, you pay a visit to the washrooms and are welcomed with a clean, earthy waft of cedarwood. You inhale deeply; it is comforting. Your eyes then turn to the white Corian vanity units. They look so inviting you can’t resist running your fingers along the surface; it feels as smooth as silk, polished to perfection. What you have just experienced is multisensory design, the kind you could never truly savour with your eyes only. The kind that engages all five of your senses. You saw the wonderful height of the lobby, you heard the waterfall, you perceived the scent of cedarwood in the washroom and you felt the polished stone caress your skin.

As designers, we create an architecture of information within the mind of the spectator. This message is captured Imagine entering the lobby of a luxurious through the assorted perception channels hotel. You gasp, in awe of its striking, of sight, touch, taste, smell, hearing and eight-story high lobby, with a water other aggregated senses to produce what feature cascading down at its centre and we consider an “image.” In this way,

multi-sensory design can be conceived as an effective orchestration of sensory messages. Usage of shadow and light, a range of pleasant smells and a peak in texture can denote a well-thought composition and mastery of the art, infusing the project with enormous enjoyment for the user. Biophilic Design, by its very nature, is multisensory design. Urban designers concerned with designing environments conducive to human health know that a place that is truly biophilic, or multisensory, is designed not only with access to nature in mind, but incorporate design qualities, which our sensorial system favourably reacts to. Together, nature and natural analogues create an environment that both excites and stimulate, as well as calms and heighten our attention, to create places, which help us meet our human potential.

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A multi-sensory approach to design is critical to supporting the psychological and physiological needs of those who spend time within the spaces we create. Whether it can be through strategically placed elements that we touch, see, taste or smell, our goal is to welcome users into an authentic and comfortable environment that was designed for their physical and mental wellness in mind.

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- Jen Kilp, CDI Director of Design

NEED FOR INT ERVENT ION A walk in the woods or by the beach feels restorative and healing. Often, when mentally fatigued by life issues, we seek these quiet moments around nature where we feel good and connected with ourselves. Even in the built environment, the integration of living entities has proven to enhance stress recovery and well being. There is a need to re-establish and revitalise the positive impacts of nature on human beings in their daily life that people are attached to their surroundings. Natural environments are restorative, yet in today’s time and our day to day lifestyle, we spend most of our time indoors. So, can we have indoor environments that bring such an experience? The biophilic design attempts to translate this need as an expression into our built environments. It offers this positive vision of how we can foster meaningful and satisfactory lives by incorporating them into a man-made world. In the past, this was never seen as a ‘need’ because human life was never away from the natural environment, for their benefit. Biophilic design can reduce stress, enhance creativity and clarity of thought, improve well-being and expedite healing. As the world population continues to urbanize, these qualities are even more important. It focuses on designing spaces that are healing and restorative for human beings as well as nature- through the integration of natural features such as natural light, ventilation, use of vernacular materials, plantation, biodiversity, etc. in the built environment and nature’s attributes such as information-rich and sense stimulating spaces.

PROCESS Research Phase • Reading and discussing Charles Spence’s book ‘Sensehacking: How to Use the Power of Your Senses for Happier, Healthier Living’. • A discussion with the author of the book encompassing a few thresholds of sense hacking and clarifying doubts. • Understanding key concepts like colour psychology, mood and emotions in a space, psychology of space etc. to further build a foundation for our project. • Investigating the biophilia hypothesis and how it bridges the gap between spatial design and sense hacking. • Finding connections between multisensory experiences and biophilic design through the lens of culture and demographics, scale and feasibility and climate and ecology. • Diving deeper into the realm of patterns of biophilic design and strategies on how to use these patterns. • Analyzing interesting projects that engage multiple senses in the wide worlds of Art and Design, with a particular focus on interactive possibilities.

Design Development • Approaching biophilic design with an experiential intent and understanding of cooperation and valuable contribution of ideas. • Understanding how Biophilic Design Can enhance healing • Looking into various possibilities where healing may be required, with or without the realization for a need of it. • Exploring Opportunities to engage the senses (tactile, auditory, olfactory, etc.) • Identifying how the requirements will drive the design concept and the intent and objectives of biophilic design for this project • Focusing on strategies that engage the building form, materials, spatial responses, and psychological responses to space rather than simply inserting a few green walls or providing natural daylight.

POSIT IONALIT Y We know that the natural world has restorative qualities, but as we slowly redesign the natural world into an urban one, our connection to those natural design qualities are progressively deteriorating. As more and more Indian cities continue to become densely populated, and we get lost in busy routines, we as designers need to think of new ways to incorporate nature into our lives and workspaces. The urban spaces are constantly on the rise without conscious consideration paid to the incorporation of nature and greenery in these spaces. Cities are becoming suffocating concrete mazes for our senses, that we feel the need to escape. The incorporation of plants and nature into architectural spaces to offset the disappearing green spaces and to bring the benefits of nature close to our homes in the modern world is a necessity. As our understanding of the constructs of biophilic design evolves, the rules and lessons from nature that best inform the design of effective healing environments will continually rise to the forefront of our design language. Going further, the idea is to design beyond the functional and visual appeal of spaces, objects, systems etc.; and develop a project that people experience and respond to through all the senses in a subtle, conscious and subconscious way. The project through the lens of Biophilia will try to explore integrative or regenerative design, where you’re trying to design systems or spaces that heal the ecosystem and the social structure that we’ll be growing into.

Engaging all sensory experiences leads to a high functioning place

MAT ERIALS & RESOURCES Books • ‘Sensehacking: How to Use the Power of Your Senses for Happier, Healthier Living’. By Charles Spense • Doing Sensory Ethnography. By Sarah Pink

Articles/ Journals • How a Place Makes Us Feel: Designing in Moods that Boost Human Performance. By Sally Augustin • Introduction to Multi-sensory Design. By Akna Marquez • Multisensory Design: Designing for All 5 Senses. By Corporate Design Interiors (CDI) • Multisensory Design: The Empathy-Based Approach. By Melissa Marsh • The Power of Color: Workplace Design for Maximum Benefits. By Corporate Design Interiors (CDI) • Biophilic design: What is it? Why does it matter? And how do we use it?. By Stantec • What Is and Is Not a Biophilic Design? By Kroon Hall, Yale University • Create a Multi Sensorial Experience through Biophilic Design. By Harleen Mclean • 14 Patterns of Biophilic Design: Improving Health and Well-Being in the built environment. By Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. • Biophilia and Healing Environments: Healthy principles for designing the built world. By Terrapin Bright Green, LLC.

Case Studies • • • • • • • • • • • • •

CALAT ALHAMBRA, Spain KHOO TECH PAUT HOSPITAL, Singapore NAMAN RETREAT PURE SPA, Vietnam AN’ GARDEN CAFE, Hanoi, Vietnam MARINA ONE, Singapore BOSCO VERTICALE, Milan, Italy SVATMA HOTEL, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu KATSURA IMERIAL VILLA, Kyoto, Japan JEWEL, CHANGI AIRPORT, Singapore COOKFOX ARCHITECTURE STUDIO, New York City ONE CENTRAL PARK, Sydney HOTEL PARK ROYAL, Singapore GREENACRE PARK, New York City

APPROACH Our biology should dictate the design of the physical settings we inhabit. As human beings, we need to connect with living structures in our environment and a multisensory approach to design is critical in supporting the psychological and physiological needs of people. As a designer, we face the task of better incorporating healing strategies into our work through strategically placed elements that we touch, see, taste or smell. Our lives are intimately linked to our surroundings in ways that we are not normally conscious of. Every form, space, structure, surface, and detail that adds to the amount of organized information in the built environment helps connect users with buildings in a healing manner. A healing environment allows people to draw emotional support from their settings. It frees them to move around and interact unselfconsciously, to combine their lives with the lives of others. So, we can no longer in good conscience simply impose alien forms on people, because every form and every space enclosed by it changes the behaviour and lives of those who have to experience them. The aim is to feel connected and one with the living breathing life and ecosystem around us which also nurtures us emotionally, intellectually and spiritually. Biophilic Design is a new approach to design, based on eternal patterns of life, that is beginning to take off and the healing quality of a space can be drastically improved using biophilia because of the intuitive attraction of humans to living things. Thus, the idea is to welcome users into an authentic and comfortable environment that was designed to keep their physical and mental well being in mind. By creating such spaces, we can even reform the built environment; by designing based on how humans move through and react to the environment, to be influenced by the health and social aspects of life no less than by the aesthetic and financial aspects of architecture.

RESEARCH • What kind of design triggers healing? • What do light, colour, textures and temperatures have to do with our wellbeing? • Can the benefits of Nature be enhanced if more senses are engaged in the right way? • What combination of atmospheric or sensory cues will be treated as congruent without involuntarily overloading the senses? • What is the impact of the Environment on our motivation and quality of work? OR How does the physical environment influence how humans think or behave? • What are Biophilic Patterns and how can they be used as a tool for improvising health and well-being in the built environment? • What kind of space/spaces would provide the best opportunity for creating a Biophilic Experience? • What are the cultural implications or lessons that might influence the regional palette or be reflected in the spaces?

POSSIBLE OUTCOMES • Innovatively designed biophilic homes, that are built into a place where nature meets and transforms your personal space that becomes your sanctuary for positive energy. • Exploring how therapeutic gardens and wellness centres can lead to a holistic approach to well-being when created upon the essence of biophilia • Biophilia and its role within a workspaceharnessing the benefits of nature for enhanced employee health and wellbeing as well as workplace productivity. • A play at Fenestrations and openings with the intent to create a sensory experience using elements of airflow and thermal variability. • Dynamic and Diffused Lighting- working with lighting design and different lighting conditions to set the mood for space and eliciting differing psychological responses. • Fractals and Biomorphic Forms- exploring f ractal geometries and patterns from nature for engendering a positive health response.

PART 1 Relevance of Biophilia in Restorative Environments • • • •

Biophilia Hypothesis Healing Environments Existing Design Paradigm Restorative Environment Design- The paradigm shift • Biophilic Design

BIOPHILIA HYPOT HESIS We have a physiological and psychological orientation of being attracted towards living systems which is known as Biophilia. The term “Biophilia” was first coined by social psychologist Eric Fromm. ‘Bio’ means living systems or life and ‘philia’ means love. It is - the love of life - of acknowledging all that is alive. It was later popularized by biologist Edward Wilson who describes the term in his book Biophilia as “the connections that human beings subconsciously seek with the rest of life” and this tendency might be a biological need integral to human development. In 1995, the biophilia hypothesis was established, bringing together various perspectives on psychological, biological and cultural aspects presenting a framework of theory and empirical evidence on the subject that brought the world’s attention to the serious consequences on our well being due to estrangement from the natural world. Later 70 attributes of Biophilic design were identified. The biophilia hypothesis is the belief that humans are genetically predisposed to be attracted to nature. It states that all humans inherently love the natural world. This idea that we are drawn to and need nature was first put forth by a man named Edward O. Wilson in his book Biophilia published in 1984. The idea that humans have an innate love and need for nature has been adapted to many different areas of study. The biophilia hypothesis has been used to support the idea that humans are healthier when they’re connected to nature and has even become popular within the movement of green design, reusing materials, and eco-friendly architecture. The translation of biophilia as a hypothesis into design guideline of the built environment was introduced in a book in 2008.” Recently in 2014, the research paper 14 Patterns of Biophilic Design by Terrapin Bright Green moves f rom research on biophilic responses to design application as a way to effectively enhance health and well-being for individuals and society.

Biophilia: an aff inity towards nature

Nature is vital to human life and existence

Can we plug it into our daily lives?

HEALING ENVIRONMENTS Our emotions control a good deal of how we ward off disease. The new discipline of psycho-neuroimmunology is learning more about how our nervous system affects our immune system, hence our ability to heal. Tinkering with our individual sensibilities is not a substitute for medical treatment, of course, but rather seeks to improve the effectiveness of treatment by boosting it with endogenous healing mechanisms. With stress-induced and autoimmune diseases, the relative importance of environmental factors increases significantly. As a result, much traditional or “native” doctoring practice using the environment is now getting more attention in mainstream health care. Evidence both from scientific sources and from traditional wisdom is giving rise to a healthier environment. Re-connecting humans with their surroundings applies the special geometry of nature to improve mental and physical nourishment. This is how biophilia works. The aim is to lower the stresses on the human body, helping its built-in defenses to fight illness and to promote healing. A healing environment arises when human beings draw from the complexity of nature, and conceive of themselves as in touch with their inner feelings and emotions. People are increasingly demanding environments that lower stress: living and working spaces that act to keep us healthy. Architects can find design tools to help achieve this goal only by looking beyond mainstream architecture, which buys into the same overly technological worldview as conventional, intervention-focused medicine today.

The more the green space the quicker and better the healing experience (Khoo Paut Hospital, Singapore)

EXT ERNAL Healing Spaces Ecological Resilience

“To mimic natural forms is not to be inspired by nature. To use nature’s genius to design places that are genuinely more natural, hence more healthy, is truly to be inspired by nature.”

BEHAVIORAL Healthy Lifestyle Integrative Care

INTER-PERSONAL Healing Relationships Healing Organizations

INT ERNAL Healing Intention Personal Wholeness

Levels of Optimal Healing Environment

The healing effect of biophilia in architecture can be explained largely through precise and measurable geometric properties. The word biophilia is sometimes misused by architects to buttress the case for “green” aspects of otherwise non-adaptive designs. Yes, the presence of plants is therapeutic — a key property of biophilic architecture — but a building’s structure itself must be healing as well if it is not to induce anxiety. Rather, biophilia means designing structures from the bottom up by infusing architecture’s schema with processes parallel to those of biology to develop and reproduce. These processes heal because they reflect the ordered complexity associated with the adaptivity of natural systems. Correctly applying biophilia presupposes a desire to learn from nature. With or without shrubbery, top-down sculptural design actually impedes the workings of nature.

EXIST ING DESIGN PARADIGM Reduced connection with nature amid Urban Development The progress of a civilization is often gauged by the distance it has created from nature or how much it has conquered its original state. This was believed to be the development of human civilization. This ideology of restraining or destroying our ecology has been supported by the prevailing conventional design approach of the human-built environment, especially in urban areas. We still rely on natural resources for our basic need such as food, building material, water etc. Instead of fostering a symbolic relation with nature, man started disrupting it with modern technology and engineering achievements. Today 74% of the people live in urban areas in developed nations and is expected to grow rapidly. We are looking at a world growing towards urban-scapes. Traditionally, urbanization has relied on subjugating natural variety into monotonous areas, resistant to natural change and unyielding to life often depleting large amounts of natural resources and producing a huge amount of waste and pollution. From using our emotional instincts to grow with nature, we altered our focus to building purely through the intellect.

Conversion of land into concrete jungles (City of Mumbai)

“This prevailing paradigm of urban development is neither necessary nor sustainable and constitutes more o design deficiency than an intrinsic and inevitable flow of modern life.” Over the past few decades with the advent of industrialization, the modernistic approach was to standardize buildings irrespective of their context through the use of construction technique using industrialized materials. Modern buildings often didn’t respond to their surroundings. The idea of standardization prevented the buildings to be affected by prevalent geographical conditions such as the effect of wind and light in that particular area.

Such building typologies doesn't correspond to place or time

This often resulted in limiting our interaction with the environment. With the primary motive to reduce cost and save time, we may have compromised on our physiological well-being due to isolation from the vital emotional support system through interaction with natural elements. This has instigated forces of destruction and alienation. The flatness of construction of built forms and minimalist built environments also reflects the feeling of aversion from nature. Growing up in a nature deficit world, we have lost the association with nature and continue avoiding it through building sterile and industrial archetype. The spaces are built as boxes to carry out activities rather than sensorial experiences that are restorative. Our biophilic instinct has diminished due to the lack of relation with surrounding natural systems and devoid of information richness in our physical environments. As Juhani Pallasma writes, “The inhumanity of contemporary architecture and cities can be understood as the consequence of the negligence of the body and senses. The growing experiences of alienation, detachment and solitude in the technological world today... “ Yet, even today, most people have this instinct to connect with natural surroundings than with the man-made world confining them to an indoor environment in the quest for material gain. Unfortunately, this prospect of connection with nature, which has been proved essential to our well-being and development, has been diminished in modern times. This decline is a resultant of modem urban life. It has not only caused irreparable damage to the environment but also deprived us of the restorative qualities of nature. Our challenge is how to alleviate the adverse effect of the modern built environment and how to integrate nature into our everyday lifestyle to create positive opportunity for its contact among children and adults.

Minimalistic design appeals to individuals who are uncomfortable with living structures. But erasing information richness sabotages our cognitive process

RESTORAT IVE ENVIRONMENT DESIGN (The Paradigm Shift) Overpopulation, technological advancements, sky-rise buildings, urbanization aren’t terms necessarily related to environmental destruction or seclusion from nature. Yet, the prevailing design paradigm has until now resulted in such outcomes. With the awareness of the damage and imbalance, human activities have caused in the life cycles of natural systems, we are now shifting to a more environmentally friendly design movement that focuses on restoring their surroundings to their natural order by preventing its further damage and using more sustainable options. We may not be able to recover the damage done but we can save further degeneration. However, reducing environmental destruction alone is a one-sided approach that doesn’t sustain itself on its own. There is a need to re-establish and revitalize the positive impacts of nature on human beings in their daily life that people are attached to their surroundings. Social ecologist Stephen Kellert has defined the term ‘Restorative Environmental Design’ which includes minimizing the damage on nature and restoring the positive impacts of nature on human beings which is vital for our well being. Restorative environment design can be divided into two parts. 1) Low environmental impact design - To restrain and diminish and damage done to the environment and mankind due to modem development 2) Positive environmental impact - Nurture the positive relationship between nature and mankind.

Restorative environment design can be described as regenerative design which is healing, revitalizing and restorative. Not only do we need to diminish the damage done due modem design approach but we also need to foster positive connections between man and nature. This ‘Regenerative design’ requires an ecological world view, shifting focus from objects to relationships. To establish a more symbiotic and less destructive relationship between the environment and humanity needs a new approach itself towards planning, design and construction. It has to percolate through multiple levels of decisionmaking process that build human spaces such as town planning, architecture, interiors, landscape, waste and water management. Only when there is change at all levels can we truly have a sustainable and substantial impact. This is possible through restorative thinking and design. We can restore this connection to nature by creating healthy and comfortable spaces where nature is present in its many forms, as scenery, as plants, shapes, lights, sounds, materials and scents. Biophilic design aims at strengthening this connection between humans and nature. ‘Restorative environment design seeks to repair the relationship between nature and humanity in o world increasingly marred by environmental impoverishment and social and psychological alienation.’

PEOPLE

Achieving balance & wholeness in mind body and spirit

Providing quick accessible care

Wellness

Efficiency

Sustainability

PLACE

PROCESS

Environmentally f riendly architecture

BIOPHILIC DESIGN The biophilic design focuses on the positive impact on the human experience in the built environment. The biophilic need is the association towards the natural world which is inherently deep-rooted in us. The biophilic design begins with a simple understanding of how the built environment affects the human experience and wellbeing and in turn, the natural environment. It is the initiative of designing buildings and landscapes that sustains a more harmonious bond between humanity and nature. It aims to bring us closer to natural surroundings that we have cut off in the built environment which not only has a positive effect on us but also sensitizes us to deal with nature in a more sustainable way. This can also be connected to our biological values of affinity towards nature that are mentioned before. The relation with nature for Utilitarian, Dominionistic and Scientific value, all of which gave birth to Humanistic value, i.e. the attachment towards nature. It is an approach of the past, neglected and forgotten which is rediscovered because of realizing the need for connection to nature and the evidence of negative impacts of well-being because of its absence. The biophilic needs have been identified and serve as a guideline for design application. It can work at various scales and levels in a built environment. These principles can be used for a city, community, architecture, interiors or product design. While these may not be the only needs but they are tools to enhance the positive experience of a place due to the natural ‘ingredient’.

Scattered, Clustered, varied vegetation

Overlooking Landscapes

Blurring the boundaries between indoors and outdoors

Dynamic & Diffused Lighting

Natural Scents

Proximity to Water

Use of Natural and Local Materials

Shelter and Privacy

Biophilic design can be integrated inside-out; from landscapes, architectural form, facades, interior spaces to decoration. It is not limited to the horizontal or vertical expanse of space. We may not be able to spend enough time in natural settings, but we can at least try to substitute it with natural stimulations in the built environments. This doesn’t imply that we replicate or copy-paste natural elements in the built environment, but rather suggests that it can be a natural archetype. The biophilic design also doesn’t mean a few potted plants and pictures of flowers, birds and animals placed here and there. The aim is that feel connected and one with the living breathing life and ecosystem around us which also nurtures us emotionally, intellectually and spiritually. Contrary to the idea of low-environment impact which aims to reduce the negative impact of the human footprint on nature. In our ever-changing world, low-environment impact innovation will become redundant and be discarded over time if humans don’t connect with nature with a positive connotation. The general human tendency is that we care for something only when we are attached to it. If we are emotionally or intellectually attached to our built environment, surrounding landscape and connected ecosystem, based on our emotional values, we will rarely need the motivation to sustain them. However, the biophilic design doesn’t advocate the preference over lowenvironment impact design but rather completes it and makes it truly sustainable.

BIOPHILIC DESIGN Patterns and Application of Biophilic Design This project intends to meet the five principles of Biophilic Design as outlined by Stephen R. Kellen in: Biophilic Design: The Theory, Science and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life. These principles include:

Biophilic design requires repeated and sustained engagement with nature

Biophilic design focuses on human adaptations to the natural world that over evolutionary time have advanced people’s health, fitness and wellbeing.

Biophilic design encourages an emotional attachment to particular settings and places.

Biophilic design promotes positive interactions between people and nature that encourage an expanded sense of relationship and responsibility for the human and natural communities.

Biophilic design encourages mutual reinforcing, interconnected, and integrated architectural solutions.

Furthermore, this project aims to apply the three applications of biophilic design as outlines in: The Practice of Biophilic Design by Stephen R. Kellert and Elizabeth Calabrese.

The Direct Experience of Nature

The Indirect Experience of Nature

The Experience of Space and Place

E ANALOG

Visual Connection with Nature

Biomorphic Forms & Patterns

A view to elements of nature, living systems and natural processes.

Symbolic references to contoured, patterned, textured or numerical arrangements that persist in nature.

Non-Visual Connection with Nature Auditory, Hap-tic, Olfactory, or gustatory stimuli that engender a deliberate and positive reference to nature, living systems or natural processes.

Non-Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli Stochastic and ephemeral connections with nature that may be analyzed statistically but may not be predicted precisely.

Thermal & Airflow Variability Subtle changes in air temperature, relative humidity, airflow across the skin, and surface temperatures that mimic natural environments.

Presence of Water A condition that enhances the experience of a place through the seeing, hearing or touching of water.

Dynamic & Diffuse Light Leveraging varying intensities of light and shadow that change over time to create conditions that occur in nature.

Connection with Natural Systems Awareness of natural processes, especially seasonal and temporal changes characteristic of a healthy ecosystem.

Material Connection with Nature Material and elements from nature that, through minimal processing, reflect the local ecology or geology to create a distinct sense of place.

Complexity and Order Rich sensory information that adheres to a spatial hierarchy similar to those encountered in nature.

E O F T HE S P A CE

E IN T HE S

Prospect An unimpeded view over a distance for surveillance and planning.

Refuge A place for withdrawal, from environmental conditions or the main flow of activity, in which the individual is protected from behind and overhead.

Mystery The promise of more information achieved through partially obscured views or other sensory devices that entice the individual to travel deeper into the environment.

Risk/Peril An identifiable threat coupled with a reliable safeguard.

PART 2 Third Spaces and Benefits of such a Biophilic Intervention • • • • •

Third Places Characteristics Potential Biophilic Intervention Perceived Sensory Dimensions

T HIRD PLACES Accessing the vital role of third places in a community

Not Home, Not Work... The Places in between The idea of a public, social place outside of home and work has been around for centuries, but it didn’t enter the lexicon as a “third place” until the phenomenon was thoroughly explored by sociologist Ray Oldenburg in his 1989 book, “The Great Good Place.” An increasingly popular concept in the building community is creating a space that is neither home nor work- affectionately termed as a “third space”. Third spaces are designed to encourage social interactions, to create unique touch down spaces, to foster connectivity and creativity, and to make use of spaces otherwise left unprogrammed. The recognition of the gained personal benefits is a driving force behind corporations, educational institutes, and healthcare facilities adopting this culture. The healthcare industry for example acknowledges the healing benefits and improved long-term health of individuals when they are engaged and active within their communities. There is an active push by these organizations to design spaces that are inclusive and blend social space with basic needs more holistically under one roof. Finding unique ways to create environments that organically draw people together for informal interactions is at the forefront of design and being delivered in unprecedented industries. The hospitality industry, known for social connectivity, is no longer the single possessor of design for social purpose. In addition to the hospitality market; communities, education, corporate and healthcare industries recognize the great possibilities when both physical and social designs are in alignment. As architects and designers, we continue to evolve through a deeper understanding of human behavior and the psychology behind our needs and desires.

CHARACT ERIST ICS OF T HIRD SPACES One key characteristic of third places is their accessibility to many users, through their afford-ability. Often coffee shops take the lead in popular third places due to the inexpensive lee’ to stay there through the purchase of a beverage. Similarly, bars and pubs have the same effect, although they offer a different atmosphere. In many communities, libraries have become the main or only third place. Libraries offer a wide range of third place amenities, while open to every user because of their free price tag, and lack of formal commitment. Another major characteristic of third places is the lack of destination or eventbased draw. Simply put, a user needs no one specific reason to be there, it is a place to just be. Third places help fill the gaps between commitments and supply spontaneous conversations and happenings. Since Ray Oldenburg’s initial definition, further research on what defines a third place has occurred. An essay titled Third Places and the Social Life of Streets concluded the findings of a 2014 study. The study identified four key characteristics of third places, they are; personalization, permeability, seating, and shelter. These design characteristics were specifically identified as the main characteristics that promote social activity and draw people to third places.

Personalization

Permeable

Seating

Personalization is the act of customizing a space to meet any user’s needs, a way of claiming territory. Through personalization a persona creates stimulation and interest in a place, “enabling possibilities that generate conversation and social interaction”

Permeability of third spaces refers to easy, low effort access to easy engagement. Through permeability comes greater foot traffic and interactions of a space. It allows a user to actively be drawn into a space through transparent appearance of activities on the inside, overall appealing to humans innate curious nature

The inclusion of seating in a third space is necessary for retaining users in a space. Lack of seating causes users to feel uncomfortable and move on rapidly. Providing seating, is not only the factor, in-fact the type of seating drastically impacts their use. In third place applications, there should be a variety of seating type, open to flexibility, movement and a range of comfort options.

Shelter

Lastly, shelter is a key characteristic of third spaces. Shelter may take many forms depending on the outside factors. The umbrella of shelter types may include shading to shelter from sun, physical shelter to provide cover from weather or it may be an open shelter to provide natural sunlight where it may not be typically found.

01 Its a Leveling place A third place accepts people from all walks of life. It’s a level, unpretentious place where economic and social status does not matter, and there are no prerequisites for participation. Without a social hierarchy, a sense of commonality thrives among its people. Status and class can be major points of stress or contention in the first or second place, but when you arrive at your third place, it’s simply not relevant.

They are Accessible & Accommodating Third places should be readily accessible and accommodating, meaning they are conveniently located (ideally within walking distance of your home), and they have long hours with no reservations needed. They often have free or inexpensive food or drink to accompany good conversation, although this is not always essential.

They keep a low profile Third places are wholesome and homely. They’re usually located in physically plain and modest places, and they’re never snobby or extravagant. Your third place should be comfortable and approachable — like a living room for the community.

02 03 04

People are there because they want to be there. They are free to come and go as they please with no consequence. There are no financial, political, or legal ties and invitations aren’t needed. Even if you don’t return to your third place for days or weeks, your return will be greeted with enthusiasm. This is a refreshing reprieve from your first and second places, which are often structured and require a time commitment.

Conversation is the focus Playful conversation is the main activity in a third place. The tone is usually good-natured and lively, and the conversation is likely to be stimulating and engaging. These are places where humor and wit run freely and people are open to sharing their ideas and dreams.

There are Regulars

The best third places have a host of regulars that habitually return there, and they’re an important part of the mood and atmosphere of the place. Although it should be easy to find a familiar face in your third place, they’re also open to newcomers. Regulars are also there to help new people feel welcomed and encouraged.

06 07

It has a Playful Atmosphere When you enter your third place, you’re met with a spirited mood that makes you want to come back time and time again. It’s not a place for the tension or animosity that can often mar our first or second place. Instead, you’ll find laughter, lively conversation, and witty banter.

Its a neutral ground

Its a Home away from Home A third place has the same feelings of warmth and belonging as you’ll find in your own home. It should feel safe and steady, and you may feel regenerated after spending time there. You may feel a sense of ownership or that a piece of yourself is firmly fixed in your place. Mostly, you’ll just feel at home.

Third Places: Role in Community Cohesion

Common Context Third places provide a common context in which residents can judge the trustworthiness of other residents and strangers. Third places provide common interactions with both the regular and the new/exotic, creating connections between community members that would not exist otherwise.

02 03

Sense of Place Third places help create a sense of place within a neighborhood, creating pride and sentiment for the community as a whole.

Natural Meeting Ground Community interactions that take place in third places help decrease the social stratification and overall unifying social ties between social classes.

POT ENT IAL FOR T HIRD SPACES Third places as they exist today are commonly privately owned businesses. In the past, many problems have occurred due to the discriminatory nature of privately owned businesses, allowing the owner to turn away “unwanted” users. In the 1960s there were repeated initiatives by civil rights advocates to desegregate lunch counters. These actions were culturally significant and occurred in many other places, but this particular instance shows the power behind third places. The desire for inclusion in popular third places had the potential to unlock casual co-existence and social experiences that could not be experienced elsewhere. Third places as public entities have a large untapped potential. These spaces build and strengthen communities, and are a vital part of healthy social interactions. Through engagement and activity, third places have the potential to serve as public health amenities, bridging social cohesion along the way. As Urban Planners re seeking to stabilize neighborhoods by focusing on the critical role that “third places” can play in strengthening our sense of community; For Young Millennial`s, many third places are now virtual – from Facebook and chat rooms to group texts. But as Oldenburg notes, the most effective ones for building real community seem to be physical places where people can easily and routinely connect with each other: churches, parks, recreation centers, hairdressers, gyms and even fastfood restaurants. Historically, third spaces worldwide have served as meeting grounds that level the social status of its users. Thereby applying social equality and promoting grassroots politics, societal revolutions, creating habits of public interaction and offering psychological support to individuals and communities. At the same time, third places are also where “people can put aside their concerns and simply enjoy the company and conversation around them”. Most importantly, Oldenburg equates third places as the “heart of a community’s social vitality. Third spaces, while benefiting the individual personally, are also proving beneficial to organizations and communities by naturally breeding face-to-face interaction, cross-collaboration, increased productivity and better understanding and appreciation for shared knowledge. These spaces take on many different forms; different sizes, locations and styles. The advantages however are abundant, and the human benefits are extraordinary, no matter what industry these design elements are being applied. The prolific environment in which these spaces create is one of inclusivity, and collaboration through enhanced interactive activities.

BIOPHILIC INT ERVENT ION The Health, Social and Economic Benefits The rapid urbanization across the globe will have heightened effects on the health and wellbeing of a city’s residents. Countless studies show the correlation between higher levels of mental illness and psychological health issues in cities. These include higher rates of depression, anxiety, and psychosis. Proportionally in cities, there also exists higher rates of obesity, cardiovascular disease and high blood pressure. As cities continue to grow, these health risks continue to pose a larger threat. One such preventative treatment of these common health issues is the intervention of nature. A growing body of research is emphasizing the role nature has in improving physical health and mental wellbeing. The biophilic hypothesis, formulated by biologist Edward Wilson, is defined as the innate tendency of humans to seek connections with nature. Since this hypothesis was formed in 1984, large bodies of scientific evidence have backed this theory. Research conducted by Ming Kuo, an expert in human health and environmental sciences, studied in-depth research on the mechanisms that connect nature and human health. The research found the correlation of “twenty-one plausible pathways between nature and health”. The benefits are divided into three main categories of evidence; environmental factors, physiological and psychological states, and behavioural conditions.

Environmental factors of nature include benefits gained from the physical chemistry of natural organisms. Plants are widely known for their ability to reduce CO2 levels, but lesser known is the effects of phytoncides, negative ions and mycobacterium vaccae. These compounds and elements, which are naturally produced by plants, have been found to boost immune function, reduce depression, and reduce blood pressure in humans. The category of physiological and psychological benefits are specific to mental behavior. The effect of nature in this category is found to be short term, but if the connection is applied regularly there is reasonable belief in long-range benefits. These benefits include an increase in the body’s immune system and a wide range of relaxation and stress reducers. Lastly, the category of behaviors is the physical benefits from activities related to spending time in nature. This typically includes increased physical activity, which corresponds with lower levels of obesity, increased sleep performance, and increased social activity.

The Research of Biophilia suggests: “Humans Posses an innate tendency to seek connections with nature and other forms of Life” Biophilic design is the corresponding field of design that implements elements of natural environment into the built environment.

The intervention of biophilic design in the urban built environment has the potential to address these various health issues in a preventative and relatively inexpensive way. The theories of the field of biophilic design are summarized in the book Biophilic Design, by Stephen R. Kellen. The basic six elements of biophilic design are identified as: 1. Environmental features 2. Natural shapes and forms 3. Natural patterns and processes 4. Light and space 5. Place-based relationships 6. Evolved human-nature relationships. The inclusion of these elements of design in public spaces has correlated with the increase in enjoyment and use of these spaces.

PHYSICAL Promotes Physical Activity Increased Social Activity

ENVIRONMENTAL

PSYCHOLOGICAL

Wide range of Relaxation and Stress Reducers

Natural compounds boost immune system

Increased Mental Behavior

Better Air Quality

All of these elements combined can result in a multitude of health benefits that have shown positive effects on ADHD, anxiety, cancer, cardiovascular disease, depression, diabetes, migraines, musculoskeletal complaints, respiratory disease, and an overall increase in healing time.

Spending time in these natural elements, promotes many health effects, both physical and mental. The public perception of natural and biophilic elements as a luxury item rather than a fundamental need is not only scientifically dis-proven, but continues detrimental to public health. Overall giving biophilic design the potential to serve as a relatively inexpensive intervention in public health issues that plague urban areas today.

Wider Public Audience

Existing Stresses in Urban Life Rapid Increase in Urbanization Increased Mental Illness in Urban Areas Higher Reported levels of Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease and High Blood Pressure in Urban Areas

Preventive Healthcare focused on Well-being

01 One such study was conducted by the firm Terrapin Bright Green, an

industry-leading consulting firm that specializes in biophilic design and environmentally conscious design. The study looked at multiple public sites in Manhattan during the lunch hour, two of which had biophilic elements, and two that did not. The goal of the study was to highlight the “importance of strategically placed pockets of nature in urban environments”. Users of the spaces were asked a series of questions. The results showed that people were willing to travel a longer distance during their short lunch break to get to a place that included biophilic elements. At the sites that included biophilic elements, 76 per cent of users cited at least one biophilic element as their favorite feature of the site This finding showed that people prefer to be in places with biophilic attributes, whether they were conscious of it or not. This finding overall supports the biophilia hypothesis that people inadvertently seek out nature This study concluded that public biophilic spaces should not only be promoted in cities but increased and made accessible to more areas.

The corresponding pattern of all these studies is a positive correlation between public health and the inclusion of natural spaces. The results of the studies show that people seek out places of nature and spending time in these natural elements promotes many health effects, both physical and mental and valuable economic gain can be achieved by the investment in biophilic spaces.

02 A related study analyzed the social impact green spaces had on high-density

residential complexes. The study was conducted in 2004 by William Sullivan, Frances Kuo, and Stephen DePooter, in collaboration with the University of Illinois. The study strived to find what made neighborhood space vital, they sought the answer to what encouraged people to leave their homes to use public space. The results found that residents that lived in a block with green space were up to 125 per-cent more likely to be observed using that space compared to an apartment with barren plaza space. The data also showed that people were likely to use the green space both alone and in groups. The study then turned to research the vitality of the space, defined by the measure of social activity in the space. The result was found that 83 percent more people are involved in social activities in green spaces than those in barren space. Overall this research revealed the correlation between public green space and positive social vitality and urged the utilization of trees to create vital neighborhoods.

PERCEIVED SENSORY DIMENSIONS Key aesthetic qualities of urban Green-space Aesthetics Green spaces and infrastructures offer multiple ways to tackle challenges associated with increased urbanization and densification. Green-space aesthetics have long been pointed out as an important aspect to support human health and wellbeing. In addition to contributions such as water, air, and climate regulation, the potential to aid restoration from stress and attention fatigue as well as promote physical activity have been suggested as important pathways through which urban green spaces might support human health and wellbeing. The influx of people into the cities continued to increase during the 20th century. Recreational values in the countryside as well as in urban parks and open green spaces thus required to meet ever larger and more varied needs. Today, the densification process that began in the 1980s continues, thus making it important to identify the key qualities of green areas that promote their actual use, and that meet people’s most common needs.

SOCIAL QUALITY • Watching Entertainments • Watching Exhibitions • Visit Restaurant or Simpler Open-Air Restaurant

PROSPECT QUALITY • Plane and well-cut grass surfaces • Vistas over the surrounding • Cut Lawns

RICH IN SPECIES • Several Animals like birds, insects, etc. • Natural Plant and Animal Population • Many Native Plants to study

SERENE QUALITY • Silent and Calm • No Bikes • Not to come in contact with too many people

CULTURAL QUALITY • Decorated with fountains • Decorated with Statues • Wide range of foreign, kitchen & ornamental plants

SPACE QUALITY • Spacious and Free • Possible to find areas not crossed by roads & paths • Lots of Trees

NATURAL QUALITY • Wild and Untouched • Nature Like • Free Growing Lawns

REFUGE QUALITY • Many Bushes • Animals that children and adults may feed and pet • Sandpits

PART 3 Case Studies ELEMENT BASED • Tree-houses, Romain ville, France • Water Feature, Green-acre Park, NYC CONCEPT BASED • Elevated Park, Chapultepec, Mexico • Wooden Parking House, Denmark • Termalija Family Wellness, Slovenia EXTERIOR/ MATERIALITY BASED • Naman Retreat Pure Spa, Vietnam • Kennzur Spa, Ibirapuera, Brazil

T REE HOUSES Romain-ville, France

In Romainville — a suburb of Paris— Brenac & Gonzalez & Associés designed an apartment building complex that changes the living dynamic for its inhabitants. The concept behind the design can be described as Fragmentation of built mass that opens the way for a continuity with the surrounding context and the creation of visual perspectives, making this city block more porous and open. This is achieved by the addition of a series of tiny exterior satellite spaces made of wood to contrast with the buildings from which they extend. The 9 square meter cabins are bounded by wooden sun-breaks, as are the patios and balconies present on the facades of all the buildings in the housing development, helping to create effects of light and shade.

INSPIRAT ION

Blurring the distinctions of existing spaces, turning the otherwise standard and momentous built forms into activated interiors and exteriors that excite the imagination. Almost as a forest of treehouses, along with a blanket of green to cover the space between the buildings Creates a kind of chaos that is pleasant to the eye, a randomness and lack of symmetry typically only found in nature.

WAT ER FEAT URE Green-Acre Park, New York City

Greenacre Park is a 6,000-square foot oasis nestled among the tall towers of midtown Manhattan. Inside the park a 25-foot tall waterfall cools the air and mutes the noise of the surrounding traffic, creating space for quietude—a rarity in the hectic city center. The park has three distinct levels which provide users several choices of environmental conditions. The spatial configuration and excellent use of biophilic design principles imbue this popular park with a sense of tranquility even during periods of heavy utilization. As a pocket park, Green-acre is also an excellent example of biophilic urban acupuncture, a socio-environmental concept that advocates for the use of smallscale biophilic interventions to transform the larger urban context and reduce stress in the built environment. It serves as a refuge from the overstimulating environment of Midtown Manhattan’s crowded streets. Inside the park, the noise, odors, and heat of the city are subdued by the parks abundance of plants and water features. The visual complexity of these elements transforms this narrow, potentially confining, space into an immersive environment.

INSIGHTS/ INSPIRAT IONS

PRESENCE OF WATER

NON-VISUAL CONNECTION TO NATURE

REFUGE

MYSTERY

The sound of rushing water that emanates from the waterfall, accompanied by the gentle trickle from the water sculptures, drowns out the urban noise and creates a tranquil environment that seems miles away from the city. In addition, evaporation of the water features generates natural air conditioning.

The immersive quality of Greenacre park is produced in large part by auditory, olfactory, and haptic experiences of nature. These nonvisual sensory stimuli engender a deliberate and positive reference to nature, living systems, or natural processes, creating a restorative atmosphere.

Greenacre park is insulated from the surrounding environment by three walls which enclose it in dense greenery, water, and gray stone. The park is raised a few feet from ground level, further separating it from the noise and commotion of the street.

The ground level of the park is raised a few feet above street level and the lower level is depressed a few feet below it, obscuring the view of the park from the street and the waterfall too is only partially visible.

AT ED PARK 03 ELEV Chapultepec, Mexico This project, developed by FRENTE arquitectura and RVDG arquitectura + urbanismo, recently received an IAA International Architecture Award in the Urban Planning category. It is a proposal for the regeneration of public space in order to create a community in one of the areas with the most potential in the city.The recovery of this area is a great opportunity to activate the local economy to create employment and to integrate different ways of life. Having the capacity to boost new economic and social models. The proposal consists of interweaving 2 neighborhoods in Mexico City by means of building an Elevated Park with commerce of all kinds, cultural and welfare facilities, green areas and sustainable mobility. A Public Infrastructure that acts as a catalyst for the generation of community. Where public services and urban facilities not only compensate a need, but become spaces of social integration. It works as a trigger for urban contiguous developments by providing uses and services that have regional impact. It improves the quality of life, stimulating the economic, social and environmental development, while limiting the expansion of the city footprint.

INSIGHTS/ INSPIRAT IONS

02 03

Creates a sort of ‘New Destination’, a public environment that recognizes the social and cultural diversity of the place, and that promotes safer and healthier lifestyles. Creating a practically impassable frontier in a space used primarily for vehicular transit A perfect third space with effective sustainable strategies • Rainwater Harvesting (collection, filtration, re-use, etc.) • Creation of Energy Centers (photovoltaic panels, biogas, etc.) • Waste Management (recycling centers, storage facilities, compost, etc.) • Bioclimatic Design (orientation, natural ventilation and lighting, etc.) • Reducing Heat Island Effect (solar incidence on asphalt) • Design of Efficient Buildings (low demand for services and infrastructure).

WOODEN PARKING HOUSE Aarhus, Denmark

Located in the under-construction South-harbor neighborhood, the project will “play an active role in the development of the future district”. The winning team consisting of architecture studios Open Platform (OP) and JAJA Architects as well as graphic design studio RAMA and Søren Jensen Engineers, have created a 19,300 square meter construction “that illustrates the balance between the practical and the poetic”. In fact, the jury reported that “the proposal’s beautifully worked spatial qualities are enriched by well-integrated event and activity options. The parking house is a strong contribution to achieve a more creative and greener urban district.” The structure made from cross-laminated timber (CLT), covers 6 floors of parking creating a total of 700 parking spots. The compact parking facility is situated on the north-eastern half of the site in order to make “space for a green and creative oasis with small pavilions, where social and cultural activities can unfold”. Playing also the role of a multi-functional hub, the project will be connected to the existing infrastructure on-site and will include 2,000 square meters of public functions such as a gym, gallery, and café.

INSIGHTS/ INSPIRAT IONS

ACTIVE FASCADES

PARK IN A PARK

LIVING PARKING HOUSE

The greenery and the paths of the park continue onto the parking house façade, where they transform into a vertical garden of green espaliers and active balconies.

Besides from serving as a space for tranquility, the trees in the new green oasis can help cleanse the ground on the polluted site. Furthermore, the park can actively improve urban climate resilience in connection with i.e.

The parking house is an exemplary and fascinating example of how some very large spaces like parking and public functions can be brought together under one roof. Also, by minimizing the building’s footprint and work with wooden construction and bound carbon, the space is like a “green and creative oasis” comprising public and commercial pavilions.

T ERMALIJA FAMILY WELLNESS Podčetrtek, Slovenia

Termalija Family Wellness is the latest in the series of projects and concludes the complete transformation of the spa complex. A lot of effort was invested into designing the buildings in such a way that they don’t fill the space but connect it even more with the surrounding nature. No longer being able to reference only the surrounding natural landscape, the solution was found in scale and form of surrounding vernacular structures. Large roof above the water area was divided into sets of smaller segments to prevent its scale from overwhelming the surroundings. Viewed from a distance, the shape, colour, and scale of the new clustered structure of tetrahedral volumes is a continuation of the cluster of surrounding rural buildings, which visually extends into the heart of the complex. The seemingly complex geometry gives the new roof static strength, allowing the entire pool space to be covered virtually without supports. In this way, the new roof floats above the pool platform, which is designed as an exterior space. Numerous skylights in the roof, together with the ability to fully open all the facade glass surfaces, enable the guests to seamlessly pass through the interior of the building. Despite its size and the space it occupies, the new roof simply acts as a big summertime sunshade and does not usurp any of the precious exterior space.

INSIGHTS/ INSPIRAT IONS

An unusual roof structure that draws a lot of attention visually and has acquired the idea of the form and scale from the surrounding vernacular architecture. The amount of effort used in designing the space and working through the complexities of the landscape in a way that the buildings do not fill up the space but rather connect even more with the nature that surrounds them. The complexity of the design and the structure along with the subtle use of natural materials creates a fascinating piece of work that keeps you engaged with the architecture and the context around at all times. The design includes a greening of the indoor areas to achieve a similar atmosphere to the lavishly green outdoor areas and to bring the relaxing feeling of nature and freshness into the interior space.

NAMAN RET REAT PURE SPA Da Nang, Vietnam

The Naman Retreat Pure Spa is an oasis of tranquility and facilitates the fivestar Naman Retreat, Danang. Fifteen stunning treatment rooms are endowed with lush open air gardens, deep soak bathtub and cushioned daybed built for two. Keep fit at the equally sleek health club with gym, meditation and yoga sessions held at the open lounge garden in the still cool mornings. The ground floor contains open spaces with relaxing platforms surrounded by serene lotus ponds and hanging gardens. A true space where all senses are touched and the mind comes to peace. The architectural design company MIA Design Studio ingenious use of natural ventilation keeps the building cool and gives the guest a refreshing experience. With use of local plants, each retreat becomes a healing environment where the guest can enjoy a luxurious wellness in privacy. Different area’s flow smoothly into each other and the beautiful landscape creates an amazing journey into a dream-like experience. The facade is composed of lattice patterns alternated with vertical landscapes that filter the strong tropical sunlight into a pleasant play of light and shadow on the textured walls. Various plants are carefully allocated and become a part of the architectural screens.

INSIGHTS/ INSPIRAT IONS

The paneling and falling greenery create a beautiful play with shadow and light on the inside of the building.

The building provides a great deal of peace, quiet and privacy, alongside keeping the interiors of the building feeling airy, open and green.

The central open cavity is especially intriguing in terms of the environment it creates with the water and the greenery, and the ventilation and lighting functions it fulfills.

The complexity of the facade because of the use of Louver paneling along with the added green layer, not only adds a lot of depth and dimension to the space but also gives the building a unique character.

SPA 07 KENNZUR São Paulo, Brazil Architecture and design amid nature allude to the balance of body and soul. A space to be lived and keenly felt. Well-being was the main proposition of the project. A space to meditate and relax. The stone facade, vegetation, wood and corten steel details indicate that it is a spa, with cozy spaces stemming from nature elements, without putting aside the aesthetic, besides being located in Ibirapuera region. A place that dialogs with the surrounding area and maintains the same visual pattern. The technical distinguishing features from this project are economic construction, design, acoustic, energetic and thermal efficiency, landscaping and, the most important, sustainability. The Kennzur Spa, with its architecture and landscaping, refers to the calmness that we need to nourish the body and soul when we desire a place to relax.

INSIGHTS/ INSPIRAT IONS

02 03 04

Neutral colours and subtle textures help tie the space together, and create a visually appealing environment. Use of a fixed set of materials and colours gives this space a distinct character. Sustainability plays a huge role and is one of the core principle in it’s design and material selection. The outdoors and indoors merge in a very subtle and obvious manner, creating a free flowing form and atmosphere for the spa. The gardening is done with optimum amount of landscaping and wild growing. Dense vegetation and bushes have been given importance, which also provide privacy naturally. With just two main finishes, lush greenery and plain white fabric, the space echoes simplicity, calmness and tranquility.

PART 4 Survey, Area Program & Site Analysis • • • • • • • • •

Survey Program- Site and Building Area Program Circulation Site Analysis Context Analysis The Site- By Laws Climatic Analysis Architectural Response

SURVEY Primary Research As a group we prepared a very short yet comprehensive questionnaire with just 5 questions as part of the community engagement program. In the 2 days of research, we managed to gain around 220 responses. The audience varied anywhere from the age of 15 yrs. to 75 yrs. in general with majority of the people belonging to the Middle and Upper-Middle Section of the Society.

Q1.

How would you rank the following dimensions of wellness, based on your personal preferences? (1 being the most important and 5 being the least) Physical

100

Mental

Social

Spiritual

Emotional

104 92 79

First Choice

Q2.

Second Choice

Third Choice

Fourth Choice

Fifth Choice

Since all of us have busy routines, mostly caught up between our homes and workspaces, would you like to have a third space that you could frequent in your vicinity?

65%

31%

YES

MAYBE

Q3.

If yes or maybe then what would it ideally consist of? 86 (40.6%)

Sports and Recreation Area Local Stalls and Farmer’s market

31 (14.6%)

Small Cafes and Food Trucks

83 (39.2%)

Amphitheater & Event Space

41 (19.3%)

Library & Reading Nooks

96 (45.3%)

Community Garden/ Urban Farm

65 (30.7%)

Yoga or Meditation

67 (31.6%)

Spa or Sauna

59 (27.8%)

Kid’s Play Area

17 (8%)

Walking or Jogging Path

82 (38.7%)

Flower Garden

86 (40.6%)

Thinking/ Reflective spaces

77 (36.3%)

Workshop/ Learning spaces Forest/ Lake/ River Gym

62 (29.2%) 4 (1.9%) 2 (1%)

Garden/ Nature/ Natural spaces

70 (33.5%)

Music Shop/ TV Room/ Shopping

2 (1%)

Place to brake things/ Vent

2 (1%)

100

Q4. If yes or maybe then what would it ideally consist of?

Relaxing & Stress Relieving Calm & Peaceful Active & Energizing

153 (71.2%) 59 (27.4%) 60 (27.9%) 46 (21.4%) 81 (37.7%)

151 (70.2%)

Socially Stimulating Small & Cozy Big & Open

INFERENCES Learnings from the Survey

We realized that ‘Physical’ and ‘Mental’ Health are two important areas we wish to incorporate in our design because of the over-whelming preference of the two by the respondents.

To our surprise, Mental Health was preferred more than physical health by a majority of the respondents. So in our design, we will be aiming to highlight the same.

With a majority of people wanting a third space in their vicinity, we are now much more certain about the need for such a space.

We got a much better and deeper understanding of the kind of spaces and activities that people would be looking forward to in a typology like ours. For instance, we were surprised to see that spaces like a Library and a Flower garden were amongst places of utmost interest to the respondents

The survey responses clearly focused on the need for a more Calming and Relaxing atmosphere than a more Active or socially stimulating one. The analysis will surely help us in creating a space that is gives people a break from their busy routines and offers them some peace & quiet.

People had a high preference for both a Big and Airy & a Small and cozy kind of space. Based on this response we thought of giving a small and cozy feel at a personal level and a big and airy as a general feel to the entire space.

PROGRAM The Site The proposed site for this project is based on Swami Vivekananda Road, Indranagar, Bangalore. The lot size is roughly 90 m by 80 m equaling 7200 square meter of ground cover. This is a large lot size for such a dense part of the city but this size is also generous for the program requirements of the building. With that in mind, this proposal includes development of the site and building with a holistic approach. This proposed project aims to incorporate a mixture of open gathering space and building through the utilization of permeable public space on the ground level. The site is currently a ground surface parking lot, accommodating approximately 100- 150 parking spaces. This role of this site as a parking location is still highly desired, as there is little accommodation for parking nearby. This proposals site development will focus on attracting pedestrian circulation (metro travelers, passerby’s and people living nearby). Main pedestrian circulation to the site will be focused on Swami Vivekananda Road, while secondary access will be from Sir CV Raman Hospital Road. Main vehicular circulation (metro travelers and people leaving or crossing the neighborhood) would be from Swami Vivekananda Road. This proposal includes the creation of underground parking to replace the surface lot lost through the development of this site. Underground parking will increase the number of spaces, while reducing the visual impact of cars. Moreover, by freeing up the space above ground, it gives opportunity to increasing greenery and provide a community space within the same piece of land. Economically, the inclusion of underground parking will provide a source of constant revenue for the building.

SIT E DEVELOPMENT

The development of this site is designed to combine a variety of mixed indoor-outdoor spaces, creating a permeable public building. Permeability is one of the key design elements of third places, making the space clearly open to the public, thereby attracting more users. This design intends to achieve permeability through a mixing program to achieve a new typology of space, combining elements of a public park, a public market and a ‘private building. The site will also feature a wide variety of biophilic elements. This is a key design feature to expose the restorative elements of the entire building, in a transparent and understandable way. Much of the site will be programmed similar to a park, and include biophilic elements such as trees, moving water, and access to natural light. The site is key design element in attracting and retaining users to the public realm of the proposed building.

Key Hot-spot for surrounding neighborhood Designed in unison with the environment, community and present function of the space, the proposed project aims at bringing the surrounding community together. The goal is to set a exemplary standard of community engagement and biophilic intervention.

Sequence of Animated Squares and Plazas The key visions of the master-plan includes the desire for a “variety of open spaces of high quality that can complement adjacent commercial uses and serve as catalysts for revitalization essential to ensuring adequate amenity for high density living.

Decentralized Network of Biophilic Spaces On an Urban Level, the site and the project act as a reference for building a decentralized community. At the core of the project lies a simple insight of bringing the benefits of biophilic healing to the entire city and to as many people as possible.

Integrated Heritage and Distinct Character The development of such a proposed building aims at providing the needed public amenities in direct co-relation with the cultural biases of the community. Comprised of a mixture of hybrid indoor and outdoor spaces, the space holds a unique position and character.

PARKING Parking will be provided underground, Vehicular access to the Parking will be from the Swami Vivekananda street only. By moving parking underground, it allows an increase in much needed parking space as well as increasing revenue.

Multi-Sensory Stimulation The space aims to engage with and provide sensory stimulation to the 5 basic human senses. Multi- sensory stimulation is known to be beneficial for the human body and it is something we usually lack in our day to day lives. It is also known to have healing properties.

Master Plan Key Visions

PROGRAM The Building This project intends to define a new building typology of public amenities, by mixing the program and building type to create an entirely different definition of mixed-use building. This project aims to achieve several distinct and separate goals. These goals include: • • • • • •

Promoting the restorative role of the built environment Using elements of Biophilic Design Using sustainable building challenges to promote a sustainable future Promoting the role of Third Places to strengthening community Break the typology of what public amenities can be Change the perception of preventative public health measures over corrective measures.

The Proposal : A biophilic restorative building that is comprised of a mixture of third places is an unknown missing puzzle piece of the Indian context. This proposed building creates a combination of elements in one key building that sets a new standard. This project creates an entirely new typology of third place, blurring the lines of public and private. Throughout the programmed elements, biophilic design will serve to benefit the public’s health and well-being. Therefore not only will the programmatic elements of the building drawing attention and use, but the integrated biophilic architectural design will subconsciously attract and serve as a public health amenity.

Building Program Components: Utilizing data gathered from the research on Biophilia, Third Spaces and Key Insights from Community Interaction and Site Analysis the following programmatic elements will be included in this proposal. The elements are broken up into zones based on the type of wellness, they cater to:

Mental Wellness

Physical Wellness

Social Wellness

Zone 1

MENTAL WELLNESS The Mental Wellness zone is intended to serve as a safe, comfort haven for the community. It is a area that aims at providing people with solitude along with some peace and calm. Spaces within the Mental wellness zone include: » » » » »

Public Library and Reading Nooks Private Deep Reflection Spaces Yoga and Meditation Spa and Sauna (On Chargeable basis) Healing/ Therapeutic Garden

Zone 2

PHYSICAL WELLNESS The inclusion of recreation space is a strong desire of the neighbourhood. The activity in this zone will focus on energetic, engaging activities within a biophilic setting, centering on practices to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Recreation in this facility will mimic typical recreation in a small urban park. This will include: » Walking and Running paths in natural environment » Indoor Sports and Recreation » Open green for casual sports

Zone 3

SOCIAL WELLNESS The Social Wellness Zone aims to look at community building and interaction as a priority. It also acts a bridge between the physical and mental wellness zones and aims to bind the space together. Programed elements within this zone include: » Small Cafes and Food trucks » Community Garden/ Urban Farm » Informal Seating

Zone 4

PARKING & UT ILIT IES Since the original function of the space was that of a parking lot for the metro station, the idea is to keep that function intact , along with providing more parking space than before and further adding a few utility functions for the site. » Parking » Utilities & Maintenance

AREA PROGRAM 00:00

21:00

3:00

Eve ning Peak Hours

6:00

9:00

15:00

ni ng

Pe ak H

our

18:00

12:00

Estimated Timings & No. Of People 40 Library + Reading Nooks

30 Walking & Jogging

45 Cafes & Food Trucks

40 Therapeutic Garden

20 Gym (Indoor)

15 Community Garden

15 Reflective Spaces

15 Games & Recreation (Indoor)

25 Yoga & Meditation

15 Badminton (Indoor)

10 Spa & Sauna

40 Casual Outdoor Sports

Total = 150- 200 people 300 Parking 10 Utilities & Maintenance

Casual Outdoor Sports

ZONE 2

PARKING 3000m. sq.

300-400m.

Indoor Sports & Recreation 250-300m. sq.

ZONE 4 Walking & Jogging

Reception

Washrooms

500m. sq.

Storage Maintenance

Informal Seating 100-150 m. sq.

ZONE 3

Reflective Spaces Cafes & Food Trucks 100-200m. sq.

Community Garden

300-400 m. sq.

Library & Reading Nooks

Therapeutic Healing Garden

250-300 m. sq.

1000m. sq.

500m. sq.

Spa & Sauna

Area & Zone Sizes and Circulation

Yoga & Meditation 100m. sq.

150-200 m. sq.

ZONE 1

SIT E ANALYSIS Swami Vivekananda Road Metro Station Parking Sir CV Raman Hospital Road Indranagar Bengaluru The chosen site is a taken a reference to create a model of the new proposed typology of third space. The larger idea is to create a decentralized network of spaces around the city, possibly in every neighborhood one day, giving each locality a community based biophilic third space. The idea behind choosing a parking lot and on top of that a metro station parking lot arose from the fact that being a metropolitan city, Bangalore has and is currently developing its large network of metro and around most metro stations, there is a large plot of land dedicated as the parking lot. These parking lots, along with other surface or multi storied parkings around the city hold much more potential than to just serve one purpose. Even though parking is an important function, these spaces can still be better utilized by contributing to the community on a much larger level. Also being located in some of the most active locations around the city, the larger goal is the healing and wellbeing of the city by adding more green cover, well being of the community via addition of a interactive third space and individual healing through the multitude of benefits that can be reaped from these third spaces. At present the site is adjacent to National Highway 75 on the North side and is directly linked to the metro station from the same side. On the East is the 80 ft. wide Sir CV Raman Hospital Road which has high traffic flow at almost all times of the day and is what connects the site to Indranagar. The site at large is mostly open land with a small shed to the west, presently used for two wheeler parking. Even though the neighborhood is not too dense, the high footfall to the metro and adjacency to a dense commercial and residential hub makes the site an ideal choice for the proposed project.

CONT EXT ANALYSIS Mapping Existing Urban Parameters

Traffic Noises

Air Pollution

S.V. Metro Station

Sky walk / Footbridge

Bengaluru Santhe

Metro Entry & Site Boundary

Site Backside & west side road

Entrance building

Occasional Market under metro station

73 Retail stores and Restaurants

Cultural Connections Key Cultural Amenities Religious places Educational Institutes Hospitals

Mobility Major Roads/ Highways Main Raods Metro Line Secondary Roads

Greenary Greenspaces

Built & Unbuilt Spaces The Site Built spaces Road Network

Bengaluru Santhe (Village style market)

T HE SIT E - By Laws Public and Semi Public- Requirements & Restrictions • For plot over size of 7000 sq.m and building height between 11.5m to 15m, a minimum setback of 5.0 m on all sides shall be insisted. • For Road Width above 24m and upto 30m, the ground coverage should be 45% and F.A.R. of 2.25 • In case of corner site, both the sides facing the road shall be treated as f ront side and regulations applied accordingly to maintain the building line on these roads and for providing better visibility.

Inside the Existing Parking Lot

• For more than one building on a given site, the distance between the buildings shall be 1/2 the height of the tallest building, between the buildings under consideration. • Balcony projection should not exceed 1/3 rd of the setback on that side subject to a maximum of 1.10m in the first floor and 1.75 m beyond the second floor. • If the total floor area of a proposed building is more than 500 sq mtrs, then an area measuring minimum of 3mtx5mt abutting to the access road shall be reserved for installation of electrical transformer, while issuing building permission.

Backside inside the Parking Lot

• When Basement is used for Car parking, the convenient entry and exit shall be provided. Provision for ramp shall have a minimum width of 3.5 m and a slope of not less than 1 in 10 and 1 in 8 in special cases. The ramp and the driveway in the basement shall be provided after leaving a clear gap of minimum 2.0 m from the common property line. Not well lit Parking Lot at Night

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99.6

84°

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98°

87.01

SITE 60.8 m m 37.37

Allowed Built-up Area (on GL)- 3260 m. sq. Total Allowed Built -up Area- 7335 m. sq.

61.57

TOTAL SITE AREA- 7250 m. sq. OR 1.8 acres FAR- 2.25 Ground Coverage- 45%

104°

a et Ro 80 Fe

an Road C.V. Ram

88° 89°

3m 13.0

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CLIMAT IC ANALYSIS Based on Tropical Savanna Climate Dec 21- Mar 20

Mar 21- Jun 20

Glorious to Changeable Avg Min. Avg Max.

DRY SEASON Dec 21- Jun 20

Hot & Dry to Glorious

17 C 29 C

Avg Min. Avg Max.

Often Clear Skies Rarely Cloudy

Mostly Sunny Occasionally Cloudy

Mainly breezy, Occasionally Calm Rarely strong winds

Overwhelmingly breezy/Strong winds Rarely Calm Typically easterly

Periodically Westerly

Jun 21- Sep 20

Sep 21- Dec 20

Glorious to Changeable Avg Min. Avg Max.

WET SEASON Jun 21- Dec 20

March- 6am

22 C 33 C

Glorious to Dark

21 C 29 C

Avg Min. Avg Max.

19 C 27 C

Typically Cloudy, Rarely Clear

Partly Cloudy Occasionally Clear

Mainly breezy, Rarely strong winds or Calm

Mainly breezy, Occasionally Calm Rarely strong winds

Frequently Westerly

March- 10am

March- 2pm

Sometimes easterly

March- 6pm

ATH NP U RS ME M SU

N 12

ATH UNP RS TE N

W I

SUN SHADOW ANALYSIS

October- 6am

October- 10am

October- 2pm

October- 6 pm

ARCHIT ECT URAL RESPONSE Best ways for Architecture to respond to climate OK outside if sheltered Too Hot to be Outside Warm and Windy Hot (or Hotter)

Needed: • •

Still but Chilly Breezy and Cool Windy but Pleasant

Needed:

16%

Protection from Wind and Cool To be cool

• Shelter when needed • Some connectivity with outside

Frequency of occupied hours & Response to Climate

Want to be Outside Pleasant or Warm Breezy/ Calm, not windy

Needed:

• To be outside • To enjoy the weather

78%

Best Architectural Response Taking the Inside Outside • Large openings to connect inside with outside • Shaded outside areas as alternative to inside space • Larger glazing ratios • Shading where needed • Shaded glazing with solar control

Optimal Recommendation

2,061 overheating hrs/year

Quite significant heat gain Very High Impact on Glazing Ratio

• Focus on strategies that reduce solar gain to maximize the amount of glazing you can use. • Adding shading and improving glazing solar performance will have the biggest impact.

Best Glazing Strategy Triple glazed low-E, non-metal, substantial shading, great glazing Insulation Solar Control Maximum Glazing

90%

Potential Design Intervention for Outside Spaces and how often they are useful Windbreak 0% Rain Cover 0%

Lighting 5%

Air Movement 41% Sun Shade 54%

Heating 0%

Most Efficient Intervention Combination Best combination of 3 interventions

65% Sun Shade

Lighting Air Movement

• In warm to hot, humid conditions, using shading and fans will provide important relief from the heat. • Consider operable shading to extend the use of natural light when it starts to get dark. • There are plenty of mild nights that would benefit greatly f rom lighting to extend the use of outside space.

CHAPT ER 5 Ideation & Process • • • • •

Initial Grid ideation Bubble Ideation Ideation- Concepts Conceptual Massing Conceptual Stakeholder Analysis

INIT IAL IDEAT ION Based on ‘Grid System’- Inspired from Vernacular Indian Architecture where spaces were mostly designed based on a rectangular grid. 01 Square Grid

02 Circular Grid

03 Isometric Grid

BUBBLE IDEAT ION 01 Top and Bottom arrangement

02 Side by Side arrangement

03 Divisions by zones and activities (Linear)

04 Divisions by zones and activities (Circular)

IDEAT ION Concept 01

Concept 02

Concept 03

Concept 04

Concepts- Parking Circulation

Concept 05

Concept 06

Detailed Concept- Parking Circulation

Concept 07

CONCEPT EVALUAT ION Conceptual Massing of the Choosen idea

Massing Option 01 Choosen idea (Concept 7)- OPTION 1- The entire parking system is underground

Massing Option 02 In this concept, instead of placing the entire parking underground, some part of it is underground and half of it

Conceptual Stakeholder Mapping Analyzing the chosen concept by mapping out the perspective paths various stakeholders of our site would take, in-order to understand the flaws, nodes and important interactions points in the design. ENTRY AND EXIT

ENTRY AND EXIT

WATER WALL & POND

CAFE

WATER CURTAIN CAFE

WORKING MAN

GYM

SPA & YOGA

BADMINTON BASKETBALL

LIBRARY

PARKING

HOUSEWIFE ENTRY AND EXIT

ENTRY AND EXIT

WATER WALL & POND

CAFE

WATER CURTAIN CAFE

COLLEGE STUDENT

GYM

SPA & YOGA

BADMINTON BASKETBALL

LIBRARY

PARKING

DIABLED WOMAN ENTRY AND EXIT

ENTRY AND EXIT

WATER WALL & POND

CAFE

WATER CURTAIN

OLD MAN

CAFE GYM

SPA & YOGA

LIBRARY

SMALL KID

BADMINTON BASKETBALL

PARKING

CHAPT ER 6

Proposed Solution

CONCEPT Creating an Experience Green Roofs and Green Walls

Gardening as a Sensory Experience

Sustainable Material Choices

Maximizing Green Cover

Parking as Primary Function

Appealing Master-plan

Fragrant & Vibrant Interiors

Reducing Solar Radiation

Complexity in Levels Division of Wellness Zones

Rain-water Harvesting Sensory Water-scape

SPATIAL PLANNING

SUSTAINABILITY

MULTI-SENSORY

CONCEPT Form Development

The chosen site is currently a surface parking lot next to Swami Vivekananda Metro station.

The parking is pushed underground to utilize the space above for a biophilic wellness center

Circles are placed on the ground level according to the areas the wellness centre aims to have and in keeping with the Indian theory of chakras and their functions

The circles are risen and sunken to create complexity in the space and provide varied views, heights and standpoints in the site

The functional areas under above ground to provide sunlight and

Leaving space from the south end of the site for circulation (entry and exit) of vehicles in and out of the parking. Aiming to utilize the rest of the plot area for a biophilic wellness center

A building with a rooftop park is made keeping in mind the need to maximize green cover and provision for a park

Pushing the building below ground to reduce solar radiation entering the functional spaces of the wellness centre and ease accessibility to the public park by bringing it to the ground level. Parking is pushed slightly more under the ground.

the ground are risen slightly e the spaces with natural d ventilation

The roofs of the buildings are made slanting and walkable, to make the buildings one with the landscape and to blur the line between the built and unbuilt

MASTER

RPLAN

100

DETAILED F LOOR PLANS

UNDERGROUND LEVEL (-3000)

ROOF LEVEL (+4000)

101

GROUND LEVEL (+0)

102

Roof Level +4000 Ground Level +0 Under-Ground Level -3000

Parking Level -12000

Roof Level +4000 Ground Level +0 Under-Ground Level -3000

Parking Level -12000

103

Section aa`

Section bb`

104

BIRD’S EY

YE VIEW

105

106

PARKING Automated Parking System

PARKING SPOTS- 340 vehicles

TWO WHEELER PARKING TYPICAL LAYOUT (-5700)

PICK-UP POINT

Mechanical and Generator room

SITE PARKING CIRCULATION

107

CAR PARKING TYPICAL LAYOUT (-5700) PARKING SLOTS- 290 vehicles

ENTRY

EXIT

PICK-UP POINT

108

T.T+TFIL SEE

EES LIFT+T.T

T.T+TFIL SEE

EES LIFT+T.T

T.T+TFIL SEE

EES LIFT+T.T

109

parking section

110

UNDERLYING PHILOSOPHY Culture and Wellness The 7 chakras are circular (or flower petal shaped) vortexes of energy, lying across seven different points on our spinal column and form the energy ecosystem of every individual. Originally derived in India between 1500 and 500 BC from the oldest texts called the Vedas, this concept of the subtle body in addition to the physical body is one which has existed in Eastern traditions for many centuries. But manipulating the flow of energy through the subtle body has been a focal point of Indian esoteric traditional practices such as yoga, meditation, chanting and Ayurveda.

“The health of one’s chakras is directly connected to the health of the physical body, the mind, and the emotional wellbeing of a person.”

Crown Chakra SAHASRARA Knowledge, consciousness, Fulfillment, Spirituality “I UNDERSTAND”

Third Eye Chakra AJNA Meditation, Intuition, Trust, Lucidity “I SEE”

Throat Chakra VISHUDDHA Communication, Expression, Creativity, Inspiration “I TALK”

Heart Chakra ANAHATA Acceptance, Compassion, Love, Sincerity “I LOVE”

Solar Plexus Chakra MANIPURA Strength, Personality, Power, Determination “I DO”

Sacral Chakra SVADHISHTHANA Sensuality, Sociability, Sexuality, Pleasure “I FEEL”

Root Chakra MULADHARA Energy, Stability, Stamina, Safety “I AM”

YOGA The connection between Yoga and the chakra`s of wellness is well known in the field of healing. But for this space, it is represented through the Indigo chakra and symbolizes to elevate consciousness and foster harmony in the body, mind, and environment.

SPA & SAUNA Spaces like Spa and Sauna are directly based on the concept of healing and in today’s time offer variety of benefits and Treatment options. In this concept, we have chosen to represent it with the Orange Chakra because it is related to the warmth of the Earthy tones and yet is still grounding, nurturing, and restful

LIBRARY We co-related Library to this chakra because its a space of Knowledge for people of all ages . From a place where mothers can take toddlers to read their first stories and students can study, to a service allowing anyone to borrow a book, the space is an apt representation of the Mind Chakra

CAFE

111

Places like cafes and Restaurants have long been associated with many colours. In this context, the idea is based on the innate human love for Food and to bring in a feeling of healthy diet, sustainable habits and abundance.

PLAY AREA

PUBLIC SEATING The Blue or the Throat Chakra is the one which represents Communication and Interaction. Which is why we choose make this chakra as a central point of the site and as a bridge between the Physical and Mental wellness zones

A space like Play Area like the Root Chakra is about Engagement, Energy, Safety and Strength. Choosing a primary colour like Red helps visually engage the senses and attracts people to become a part of the activity.

GYM & SPORTS Activities like Sports provide a platform for people to come together and learn teamwork, discipline, and patience; help build a person’s personality. Whereas a place like Gym provides a platform for release of energy and a place to show Strength and Determination

112

LIBRARY Crown Chakra - “Sahasrara” LIBRARY FLOOR PLAN (-3000)

LIBRARY FLOOR PLAN 3D

MEZZANINE (+0)

LAVENDER

A calming and relaxing herb with a pleasing aromas to bring the mind at ease while adding an accent of colour into the space Sensory- sight, smell, taste and Feel Biophilia- Visual and Non-Visual Connection with Nature & Non- Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli

Step Seating, Paintings of Nature & Ambient Lighting 113

Sensory- Sight and Feel Biophilia- Visual Connection with Nature, Dynamic and Diffuse Lighting, Complexity and Order & Prospect

NATURAL WOOD & LIMESTONE

Sensory- Sight and Touch Biophilia- Natural Analogues, Non-Visual Connection & Material Connection with Nature

Acoustic Patterned Panelling

Sensory- Sight, Feel and Sound Biophilia- Natural Analogues, Material Connection with Nature & Complexity and Order

Informal Turf Seating

A calm and cozy nook inside the library with minimal and informal seating to help feel at home and get rid-of the rigidity of conventional libraries Sensory- Feel and Sight Biophilia- Non-Visual Connection & Material Connection with Nature, Refuge

114

115

116

Yoga & Meditation St udio Third Eye Chakra - “Ajna”

YOGA FLOOR PLAN 3D

YOGA FLOOR PLAN (+1000)

SHIBORI PRINT IN INDIGO

Incorporating the traditional Indian Shibori tie-die print in its authentic form i.e. in Indigo in the form of Wall art or simple cloth painting and in the pouffe seatings to add the accent of colour and Indian character Sensory- Sight and Touch Biophilia- Natural Analogues & Complexity and Order

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CORK

A tactile and sustainable material that can be incorporated into the space in the form of accessories like Yoga blocks, rollers or even mats, etc. It helps gives the space a more natural and earthy vibe while making the experience better because of the textures and tactility Sensory- Sight and Feel Biophilia- Non-Visual & Material Connection with Nature

JASMINE

HYDRANGEA

Views of Nature & Wooden Flooring

Sensory- Sight and Touch Biophilia- Visual and Non-Visual Connection with Nature, Material Connection with Nature

Mildly aromatic and rare plants with a sweet smell and meditative qualities. Sensory- Smell, Sight and Feel Biophilia- Visual Connection with Nature & Non- Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli

Highly aromatic native Indian climber with a quality to relax and release stress quickly and adds a great aesthetic to the space all year round Sensory- Smell, Sight and Feel Biophilia- Visual Connection with Nature & Non- Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli

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Public Seating Throat Chakra - “Vishuddha” 2000mm

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CAFE Heart Chakra - “Anahata”

7000mm

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GYM & SPORTS Solar Plexus Chakra - “Manipura”

BASKETBALL PLAN (-1500)

GYM PLAN (-3000)

WASHROOM AND LOCKER ROOM PLAN (-3000)

BADMINTON & TT PLAN (-3000)

LEMONS

One of the most commonly known and used fruit that has a very strong and energizing aroma with the ability to drastically increase metabolism. Sensory- Sight, Smell, Taste and Feel Biophilia- Visual and Non-Visual Connection with Nature & Non- Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli

Natural materials like Wood & Cork, Potted plants, Mostly Neutral Colours, Ambient Lighting Sensory- Sight and Touch Biophilia- Visual and Non-Visual Connection with Nature, Material Connection with Nature & Natural

Workout Turf, Yellow accent Equipment

Sensory- Sight and Touch Biophilia- Non-Visual Connection & Material Connection with Nature

Natural Badminton Court with 125 yellow & green as accents Sensory- Sight and Touch Biophilia- Non-Visual Connection & Material Connection with Nature

PEPPERMINT

A genius herb with a strong fragrance and multiple benefits like energizing, uplifting mood, releasing stress, improving digestion and illnesses can easily be grown in small pots around the space Sensory- Sight, Smell, Taste and Feel Biophilia- Visual and Non-Visual Connection with Nature & Non- Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli

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Spa & Sauna Sacral Chakra - “Svadishthana”

SPA & SAUNA FLOOR PLAN (-3000)

CHAMOMILE

A calming and relaxing flower with a mild aroma, is one of the most effective stress revealing and calming flower Sensory- sight, smell, taste and Feel Biophilia- Visual and Non-Visual Connection with Nature & Non- Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli

Green Wall, Stone Texture, Natural Print Textiles

Sensory- Sight and Touch Biophilia- Visual and Non-Visual Connection with Nature, Material Connection with Nature & Natural Analogues

Natural Fabrics & Textures, Terracotta Textured Walls 129

Including textiles like Natural Linen, Embroidered Cotton for furnishings and using natural materials like cane, jute and wood for furniture, accessories and flooring. Natural Terracotta can be used instead of paint to give the orange coloured natural accent to the walls & blocks heat and sound. Sensory- Sight, Touch & sound Biophilia- Material Connection with Nature, Natural Analogues & Refuge

Natural Wood & Limestone

Sensory- Sight and Touch Biophilia- Natural Analogues, Non-Visual Connection & Material Connection with Nature

SWEET ORANGE

One of the most fragrant varieties of orange that can both be eaten or used as essential oil for relaxing and great skincare properties Sensory- Smell, Sight, Taste and Feel Biophilia- Visual & Non-Visual Connection with Nature & Non- Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli

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KID’S PLAY AREA Root Chakra - “Muladhara”

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LANDSCAPE FEAT URES

CAFE AND SEATING A small circular cafe, that becomes a part of the space and seating in the form of large living stones with flowers that add character to the space at all times. BIOPHILIC PROPERTIES- Visual and Non- Visual Connection with Nature, Thermal and Airflow Variability, Natural Analogues and Refuge

COMMUNITY GARDEN A Sensory Community garden, with a stream in the middle and right next to a waterfall, includes surfaces, objects and plants that stimulate our senses through touch, sight, scent, taste and hearing. BIOPHILIC PROPERTIES- Visual and Non- Visual Connection with Nature, Presence of Water, Connection with Natural Systems, Thermal and Airflow Variability

WEST ENTRANCE A simple and Elegant Entrance with large floral trees and small water cascading steps that flow into a stream BIOPHILIC PROPERTIES- NonRhythmic Sensory Stimuli, Visual and Non- Visual Connection with Nature, Connection with Natural Systems, Thermal and Airflow Variability, Prospect and Mystery

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Water Cascading Wall with Stepping Stones & Water Reservoir The north wall of the site features a large water cascading wall that flows into a small, shallow pond which has large stones in it. The idea was to create a Sensory experience for the users of the space by being able to get into the water, feel the force of the falls or jump from one stone to another. Underneath the pond is large water Reservoir that is used to collect excess rainwater and recycle water on site

EAST ENTRANCE Adorned with beautiful floral trees, the Entrance is a simple open space that both conceals yet reveals of what is inside the space BIOPHILIC PROPERTIES- Non-Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli, Visual and Non- Visual Connection with Nature, Connection with Natural Systems, Thermal and Airflow Variability, Prospect and Mystery

BIOPHILIC PROPERTIES- Presence of Water, Visual and Non- Visual Connection with Nature, Non-Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli, Connection with Natural Systems, Prospect, Refuge and Risk

CAFE & PATH Curving and Sloping path with plantations add complexity to the space and invoke a sense of mystery BIOPHILIC PROPERTIES- Visual Connection with Nature and Mystery

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PERSONAL PODS A mini forest with small seating pods. This area is an attempt to make the best use of the quiet west side of the site using creating a simple and informal unwinding space. BIOPHILIC PROPERTIES- Visual Connection with Nature, Connection with Natural Systems, Thermal and Airflow Variability, Refuge and Mystery

Central Courtyard A small circular courtyard that allows ventilation, daylight and circulation to the Underground floor and activities and is adorned with beautiful plants and vines to make it look one with the landscape BIOPHILIC PROPERTIES- Thermal and Airflow Variability, Visual and Non- Visual Connection with Nature,

WATER CURTAIN Situated inside the Mental Wellness zone, the Water Curtain area is an attempt to create a peaceful retreat. The curtain warps around the step seating and gives the users a space to relax and unwind amongst the sound of water. BIOPHILIC PROPERTIES- Presence of Water, Visual and NonVisual Connection with Nature, Non-Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli, Connection with Natural Systems, Prospect and Refuge

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PARKING ENTRY & EXIT Open and easy access to the automated parking from the south side of the site. The service can be availed at a small fee by both users of the metro and the park BIOPHILIC PROPERTIES- Visual Connection with Nature

Walkable rooftops Semi-private Seating Curving paths, wooden benches, floral trees and plants, large shading trees and hedges. All these elements add complexity and important character to the site BIOPHILIC PROPERTIES- Visual Connection with Nature, Thermal and Airflow Variability, Dynamic and Diffuse Lighting, Natural Analogues, Prospect and Refuge

Sloping, walkable green roofs that help add green cover to the space, keep down the temperature of the interior spaces and help blur the boundaries between the built and unbuilt spaces. BIOPHILIC PROPERTIES- Thermal and Airflow Variability, Visual Connection with Nature, Natural Analogues and Prospect

LANDSCAPE FEAT URES

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SENSORY MAPPING Evaluating how senses are engaged across the space

SOUND SMELL

TASTE

SIGHT TOUCH

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ST RUCT URAL DETAILS Understanding some of the major Structural components Vegetation

Cross- Section of Green Roof Green Roofs are one of the most important part of our Design because not only do they help increase the green cover throughout the site but also Insulates the building, Improves Storm Water Management, Extends Roof Life, Reduces Urban Heat Island Effect and provides spaces for Urban Amenities.

Growing Medium Filter Membrane Drainage Waterproof/ Root Repellent

The Cross-Sectional Detail is to show and undderstand the complex layers that go insidde these green Roofs and make them so efficient.

Support Panel Thermal Insulation Vapour Control Roof/ Base

Detail of Waffle Beam Roofing Throughout the Interiors of the spaces, the idea is to use this new innovative ‘Holedeck’ Waffle beam Slab System. This type of a system is supposed to use 55% less concrete than a standard concrete slab, making it significantly more environmentally friendly than standard concrete structures, while reducing the thickness of floor plates to allow a greater number of floors in tall buildings. In our Context, this type of a roofing system, provides additional strength required to support our sloping, walkable green roofs, while accommodating all the mechanical and lighting functions in a mere thickness of 300-450 mm

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Reference Section of Limestone Walls Throughout the site, Limestone is used a primary building materials, especially for all the walls. The choice of material is also based on the fact that Limestone is highly durable and long-lasting sustainable material with an amazing texture and depth; making it a great choice for a biophilic retreat. The sectional detail here is to show the composition, strength and construction of the limestone walls.

Aesthetic, Waterproof and Durable external leaf of Stonework with cavity, tied/restrained and ventilated Inner leaf insulated from outside to maximize efficiency of fabric heat regulation system

Heavyweight, extremely airtight, thick stone (coursed or rubble) as thermal mass fabric heat regulation system with internal lowinsulating finish to promote thermal mass engagement

Exploded Detail View of Green Wall

Waterproof Layer

Steel Structure

Irrigation

Growing Planters

Green walls have been used in different looks and shapes throughout the space. This is because, not only are they aesthetically pleasing but also help in bringing down the temperature of the space. It provides a Visual and Material connection to nature to the users of the space.

Plants

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FINAL DESIG

GN RENDER

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REF LECT ION This has been the most in-depth and work intensive project I have done till date. Spanning over 21 weeks, when I look back, so much of work and thought has gone into designing this space. A lot of time went into research for this project since it was a new context regarding multi-sensory design, biophilia and third spaces. Usually, I am not satisfied with my work, and although even now, I know there is scope for improvement, I am content with the output for the duration of time I had. I am especially proud to have completed this project amidst the chaos of the pandemic that surrounds us. I have seen immense personal improvement in terms of quality of work and process oriented approach towards designing a space. I have become a lot more efficient working with softwares over the course of this project and more importantly, I have learnt that the process my faculty or my peers were suggesting, was not the approach that helped me. I learnt to listen to myself, and continue asking - what next step does my design need now? This approach helped while presentation as well because many a times I had to ask myself –what is the story that I’m trying to tell? There were definitely challenges that I had to overcome. The first challenge I faced was with the concept of the space itself. The only umbrella was multi-sensory design and there was so much to choose from. Earlier having fixed onto pocket parks, we moved to a wellness centre due to technical difficulties but it resulted in a lot of lost time. Another major hurdle was the ideation phase. It stretched on for really long for this project and it made me lose hope in coming up with a good design. Only when I stepped back for a day and didn’t work, I found inspiration from a show called ‘Avatar: The Last Airbender’ for the ‘chakras’ concept of the space and that in return helped me with the form development as well. Other hurdles were mostly technical doubts and running into problems with softwares, all of which I managed to sail through sooner or later. Lastly, working with Khushi has been a very wholesome experience and a great learning curve. Working together through the project and going back and forth on so many concepts and ideas has been a roller coaster ride. We worked closely together, in terms of sharing of concepts, thought processes and even presentation ideas, which led to us being on the same page almost all through the project. The beneficial part about working with another person side by side is the quick criticism and feedback your design receives. Some designers don’t prefer that, but personally it worked for me. As soon as some idea would be questioned, I would give it some thought and I would put my mind to finding a solution for it. It helps me grow in a way nothing else does. It has been a slightly daunting and tiresome project but all in all, this has been a great experience and an emotional end to college life and finishing up my last academic project.

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REFERENCES Images & Icons: INTRODUCTION »

https://www.archdaily.com/935258/biophilia-bringing-nature-into-interiordesign/5e669c93b357658efb000055-biophilia-bringing-nature-into-interior-design-photo

PROPOSAL » » » »

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PART 1 » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » »

http://www.outboxd.net/rediscovering-biophilic-design-introduction/ t.ly/iXQT https://i.redd.it/lafujvj4ji651.jpg https://www.ny-engineers.com/hs-fs/hubfs/glassconstruction.jpg?width=900&name=glassconstruction.jpg http://yr-architecture.com/5-characteristics-of-modern-minimalist-house-designs/ t.ly/CAZr https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/Uploads/ImageLibrary/Active/2017Q3/designcurial/precisionnews/13. Mint_Terrace_5.jpg https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/14-patterns/img/fourteenpatterns-patternlead-p08.jpg https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/14-patterns/img/fourteen-1000-Fort-Worth-Water-Gardens_ JayRaz.jpg https://thenounproject.com/term/nature/146723/ https://thenounproject.com/term/materials/308312/ https://thenounproject.com/term/breeze/125453/ https://thenounproject.com/term/solar-oven/80346/ https://thenounproject.com/term/fountain/3088566/ https://thenounproject.com/term/lighting/2940713/ https://thenounproject.com/term/weather/3203994/ https://thenounproject.com/term/flower-symbol/2145146/ https://thenounproject.com/term/wood/2895001/ https://thenounproject.com/term/wallpaper/2728245/ https://thenounproject.com/term/balcony/3481028/ https://thenounproject.com/term/shelter/1725749/ https://thenounproject.com/term/unknown/1992946/ https://thenounproject.com/term/risks/2120593/

PART 2 » » » » » » » » » »

https://thenounproject.com/term/home/3827959/ https://thenounproject.com/term/work/1730635/ https://thenounproject.com/term/personalization/1562806/ https://thenounproject.com/term/permeable/565680/ https://thenounproject.com/term/outdoor-seating/117909/ https://thenounproject.com/term/shelter/407699/ https://thenounproject.com/term/affordability/3451798/ https://thenounproject.com/term/destination/2081757/ https://thenounproject.com/term/neutral/484901/ https://thenounproject.com/term/diversity/52928/

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https://thenounproject.com/term/conversation/3770553/ https://thenounproject.com/term/accessibility/1702984/ https://thenounproject.com/term/regular-exercise/3826975/ https://thenounproject.com/term/modest/2930246/ https://thenounproject.com/term/playful-star-emoji/2189491/ https://thenounproject.com/term/belong/513483/ https://miro.medium.com/max/1360/1*OoNe2r_RK3IIRl4Gpwo-bg.jpeg https://www.metalarchitecture.com/media/MA-Images/_mediumImage/BuildingBiophilic_JUNE18_1.jpg https://thenounproject.com/term/audience/3814951/ https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1618866721000145-ga1_lrg.jpg https://thenounproject.com/term/social/509343/ https://thenounproject.com/term/anticipate/2215587/ https://thenounproject.com/term/biodiversity/2373349/ https://thenounproject.com/term/serene/1152963/ https://thenounproject.com/term/culture/3519097/ https://thenounproject.com/term/free/3757342/ https://thenounproject.com/term/nature/1733769/ https://thenounproject.com/term/shelter/407703/

PART 3 (Case Studies) » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » »

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PART 4 » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » » »

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AKRITI GOEL AND KHUSHI MONGA Final Thesis Project 2021 (Undergraduate Professional Programme) Srishti Institute of Art, Design and Technology Bangalore - 560064 Karnataka