“I would like nuclear fusion to become a practical power source. It would provide inexhaustible supply of energy, without pollution and global warming.� -Stephen Hawking-
Fusion Acquaintance: The Ultimatum Energy Inception of Sun on Earth
First Edition, 2020 Al Fateh Publication Copyright Š 2020, Al Fateh Publication, All Rights Reserved. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials on these pages are copyrighted by the Al Fateh Publication. All right reserved. No part of these prints, text or image may be used for any purpose other than personal use. Therefore, reproduction, modification, storage in retrieval system or retransmission, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical or otherwise, for reason other than personal use, is strictly prohibited without prior written permission from Al Fateh Publication. EDITOR by Muhammad Muaz DESIGN by Muhammad Muaz Printed in Malaysia
“In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. All the praises and thanks be to Allah, the Lord of ‘Alamin (mankind, jins and all that exists)� Firstly, I would like to thank God for giving me the opportunity and bless me sound health, abilities and courage to embark on my Master of Architecture and for completing this long and challenging journey successfully. The completion of this design thesis could not have been possible without His desire. I would like to express my gratitude and thanks to my supervisor Pn Sharifah Asmah Tuan Mat that guide me during the completion of this design thesis. My appreciation also goes to my studio members that helping me in completing this design thesis. Finally, this design thesis is dedicated to my eternal love, my parents and my siblings that always supported me during this journey either spiritually, emotionally and in financial assistance. May Allah bless all of you. Alhamdulilah.
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Dedication
Abstract 9
DIVISION I: The Project Brief 11
Issues/Problem Statement Research Question/Hypothesis Thesis Statement Aims + Objectives What is Fusion Energy? Clients + Collaborators
Design Framework
DIVISION II: Site Acquisition 29
Site Context
Local Plan + Guidelines Site Feasibility
Site Analysis
Hypothetical Programs + Target Users Space Study + Relationships Programs Development + User Flows Schedule of Accommodation Car Park Provision Naqli Study Theory + Concept Precedent Study Idea Development
Building Massing
DIVISION IV: The Proposal 95
Overall Scheme of the Project Site Layout + Overview Floor Plans Building Sections Building Elevations Building Forms
Building Spatial Quality
DIVISION Va: Technical Configuration - Fire Protection System 127
Overview Passive System
Active System
DIVISION Vb: Technical Configuration - Structural System 153
Overview Structural System Integration Sectional Structure (Fusion Confinement Hall)
Exploded Structure
DIVISION Vc: Technical Configuration - Integrated Building Services 165
Water Supply System Sewage/Sanitary System Disposal System Electrical System Air-Conditioning/Ventilation System Telecommunication System
Mechanical Transportation System
DIVISION VI: Special Study - Magnetic Levitation (Maglev) System 189
Conception Extraction of the Principles Design Translation Projected Outcome
Reference 195
007
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
CONTENTS DIVISION
DIVISION III: The Design Process 45
Fusion Energy Research and Development Centre (FERDEC) is the research and development facility that focusing on the development of nuclear fusion energy as the main power for energy generation. FERDEC will be placed under Agensi Nuklear Malaysia (ANM) which is Malaysia government agency that act as a main key player in developing the nuclear application in Malaysia. Fusion energy is the energy that powering our sun. It is a reaction of fusing two light atoms to become one heavy atom, thus releasing abundant of heat energy. Since 1920s, the scientists are trying to harness this energy on this earth for our needs. Even though the cost of researching and developing the device for the fusion power is high, but it is expected that it can powering up our mankind for thousands of years, thus able to lower the cost of energy production and reduce the carbon emission. FERDEC is expected to become a catalyst for the rapid development of fusion energy in Malaysia specifically and will provide a better solution for the energy generation in the future.
009
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Abstract
“Corruption has appeared throughout the land and sea by [reason of] what the hands of people have earned so He may let them taste part of [the consequence of] what they have done that perhaps they will return [to righteousness].� (Surah Ar-Rum:41)
[ DIVISION I ] The Project Brief
PROBLEMS + ISSUES 1760 1st Industrial Revolution
DEPLETION OF FOSSIL FUELS IN FUTURE
55%
Population
of world
SINCE
1
GROW
create
Population Live in city
Exponentially
HIGH Energy Demand
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
extracted from
Oil
Gas
Coal
Source: www.ecotricity.co.uk
“Fossil fuels are an incredibly dense form of energy, and they took millions of years to become so. And when they’re gone, they’re gone pretty much forever” Ecotricity | www.ecotricity.co.uk
“By 2030, Malaysia is projected to have an urban share of more than 80%, similar to the current level or urbanisation in Canada and the United States” Martin Prosperity Institute | University of Toronto’s Rotman School of Management
“As oil is a finite resource, the production of oil would peak at some point and ultimately decline and deplete” M. King Hubbert | Geoscientist (1950), Business Standard
012
2
THE NEED OF NEW ALTERNATIVE RENEWABLE ENERGY IN MALAYSIA Malaysia have high dependency on nonrenewable energy in electric generation. In 2016, about 86% of electric generation is from non-renewable energy which are coal and gas, while the remaining is from renewable energy.
INISIATIF MESTECC
2019
Energy Sector Achieving 20% Renewable Energy (RE) in 2025 Science, Technology & Innovation (STI) Sector Streamlining R&D Initiatives Environment & Climate Change Sector
Malaysia Energy Statistic Handbook 2017 Malaysia Energy Commission
Tackling Climate Change Source: www.mestecc.gov.my
“Malaysia will meet 2050 target of 50% renewable energy”
“I am very confident (that) the target is definitely achievable by 2030. However, I want to stress that we must not take priority over energy affordability only for the renewable energy (RE) target, it must be a balance between how affordable the electricity versus our adoption of RE” Yeo Bee Yin | Minister of MESTECC
“Malaysia must up its game if the country wants to achieve its target of 20% electricity to be generated by renewable sources by 2030, compared to only 2% now, as the target is rather aggressive with low participation from the public” Datuk Abdul Razak Abdul Majid | Energy Council of Malaysia
3
PUBLIC PERCEPTION TOWARDS NUCLEAR-TYPE ENERGY IN MALAYSIA CURRENT ENERGY GENERATION BY NUCLEAR AROUND THE WORLD FRANCE, 2/3 of electric generation is from nuclear energy, thus become top country utilizing nuclear energy
I n t e r n a t i o n a l T h e r m o n u c l e a r Experimental Reactor (ITER), the largest fusion project collaboration is under construction at France.
013
450
NUCLEAR
POWER PLANTS
AROUND
THE WORLD
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Kristy Inus | New Straits Times
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
HISTORY OF BIGGEST NUCLEAR DISASTER
1945 HIROSHIMA
NAGASAKI BOMBING
1986
2011
MELTDOWN DISASTER
TSUNAMI DISASTER
CHERNOBYL
FUKUSHIMA
This 3 events of nuclear disasters caused hundreds and thousands people died and the effect aftermath is unimaginable horrible. Nuclear disasters in 1945 and 1986 are caused by the human act and in 2011 is caused by the natural disaster. “Nuclear as a word or technology was largely unknown until the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings in August 1945 — the events of seven decades ago this August. The mantra “first impression lasts the longest” has reigned ever since.” Ir. Dr. Nahrul Khair Alang Md Rashid | Former Deputy Director General, Malaysian Nuclear Agency
“Some might support nuclear power in principle, but if we ask, what if we locate a nuclear reactor in your town, are they going to accept or be in favor of that? The risk of possibility of an accident could be small but the impact would be very high” Prof Ramesh Thakur | Director, Centre for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament (CNND)
014
THESIS STATEMENT The exploration of spatial space in architecture can promote and nurture the scientists toward a new understanding of scientific activities through scrutinizing of the adequate approaches.
AIM
WHAT?
A proposal of fusion energy research and development centre
WHY?
To develop new alternative renewable energy and to educate and correcting the misunderstanding
WHERE?
Jalan Bangi, Bandar Baru Bangi, Kajang, Selangor
WHO?
Involve scientists, educators/students, investors, corporates, publics and authority
OBJECTIVES To explore the possibility architecture space approach that can nurture research for scientists develop new scientific knowledge To establish and integrate the space requirement for fusion energy research facilities with the preferred scientists preferences for the space To incorporate the experiential learning for the public through the implementation of science and technology in architecture programs (hologram, augmented reality, virtual reality).
015
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
HOW?
Establish facilities that can enhance the research activities and educate the society
WHAT IS FUSION ENERGY? FUSION
The energy source of the stars on earth HOW THE ENERGY PRODUCE? Fusion energy is the energy that power up our Sun and stars in outer space. Fusion energy is nuclear reaction which combining two light nuclei atoms, such as Hydrogen atom at extremely high temperature (15 millions degree celsius) and pressure, yield a heavier atom and huge amount of energy. SUBSTANCE
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
2
H
Deuterium Atom
3
H
Tritium Atom
STATE
+
PRODUCT
High Temperature
High Pressure
=
Helium Gas
High Energy
Fusion Reaction Equation
Isotopes of hydrogen, typically tritium and deuterium, unite under conditions of extreme pressure and temperature to produce a neutron and a helium isotope. This liberates huge quantities energy, much greater that produced from fission. Hydrogen bombs - 3,000 times more powerful than atomic bombs - rely on fusion reactions. Source: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
TYPE OF FUSION REACTOR MAGNETIC CONFINEMENT Uses magnetic and electric fields to heat and squeeze the hydrogen plasma. The ITER project in France is using this method. It calls TOKAMAK Reactor. Source: Kurzgesagt - In a nutshell, YouTube Channel
INERTIAL CONFINEMENT Uses laser beams or ion beams to squeeze and heat the hydrogen plasma. Scientists are studying this experimental approach at the National Ignition Facility of Lawrence Livermore Laboratory in the United States. Source: Kurzgesagt - In a nutshell, YouTube Channel
016
TOKAMAK: Sun on Earth The word ‘tokamak’ is a Russian acronym standing for toroidal chamber with magnetic coils. It is the most successful fusion device so far, and can be recognized by its life belt shape.
The temperature of the confined plasma in a tokamak is 25,000 times hotter than the surface of the Sun.
The electric current conducted by the plasma is roughly 1000 times higher than the current of lightning and is 575,000 times higher than the current in an electric kettle.
The hot plasma is confined by 100,000 times stronger magnetic fields than the magnetic field of Earth.
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
The pressure in a vacuum chamber of a tokamak is the ten thousands of the atmospheric pressure on Pluto, and is the hundred billionth of that of Earth.
Why going for fusion energy?
Safe
Continuous
Economical
Clean
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
The energy produced with one litre sea water and 5g Lithium matches the energy of 360 litre of burning gasoline
The energy needs of a city with 1 million residents can be covered with 250,000 tons of oil, 400,000 tons of coal or 60kg of fusion fuel
It provides steady power energy supply in contrast with sun and wind power plants
The energy produced from the amount of Lithium in a laptop battery and a half bathtub of water is as much as burning 40 tons of coal
The fusion power plants are safe, the product is not radioactive, only the structural elements are, and those can be re-used within 100 years. In contrast with that, the waste of conventional nuclear power plant has to be taken care of for thousands of years.
018
How fusion energy is harnessed? Filtration of Seawater
Fuel Tank
Deuterium Extractor
Reactor
Seawater Storage
Vacuum Pump
Reaction
Magnetic Cover
Lithium Blanket
The fusion reaction occur with the presence of fuels and adequate state of high temperature and pressure.
Applying Pressure
Heat Exchanger
Pre-production
The Deuterium fuel is extracted from the seawater and store in tank.
Helium Tank
Steam Generator Energy Storage
The product of heat energy and helium gas are produced. Helium gas will be store in tank for other purpose and the heat energy will go through heat exchanger and produce steam.
Post-production
Turbine Generator
Transformer
Genset Distribution
019
The electric is generated from the steam produced, thus disribute to the final users.
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Substances
Extract Seawater
Can the ultimate energy of ‘fusion energy’ could be available into practical use?
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
This is a storyline about fusion energy, illustrated by Kurzgesagt Youtube Channel
1. Currency of universe is energy.
5. However, there is an infinite energy. That is sun!
2. We need energy to light up our house, raise foos and powering up computer.
6. The question is, can mankind create sun on earth?
3. Typical energy generated is by burning fossil fuels, nuclear fission and solar radiation.
7. Sun shining because of nuclear fusion reaction occur.
4. But, fossil fuels emit dirty air, nuclear produce high radioactive waste and solar cannot generate electricity without sun.
8. At the centre of the sun, which has very strong gravity, high pressure is applied and it is very high in temperature.
020
13. Sun is very large in volume and have extremely high internal pressure.
10. In plasma state, nuclei and proton freely flying around. Normally, positive charge will repel each other.
14. In core, nuclei fuse together and produce new substances because of high pressure.
11. To surpass this repulsion, it need to collide each other at high speed.
15. At that time, very large energy is released such as heat, light, electromagnetic waves and etc.
12. Very high speed here means very high temperature (about 14 millions to 15 millions celcius degree).
16. And this energy released is fusion reactor that scientists conduct research.
021
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
9. The plasma state separated the nucleus and the electron
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
17. However, it is impossible to create the same way as the sun. So, we need a smarter way.
21. This system have superconducting coil extremely close to absolute zero.
18. There are 2 methods to produce extremely high temperature of plasma.
22. Second, iridating the fuel with a powerful laser.
19. First, is to generate strong line of magnetic force to confine plasma.
23. This mechanism is to fuse light elements inside the fuel by the high temperature and pressure generated.
20. ITER, located at France is already under construction.
24. It is necessary to irridate the fuel with extremely high precision from every direction from a very powerful laser.
022
29. Nuclear fusion is require stable hydrogen isotopes.
26. Some of the research being conducted around the world.
30. Deuterium can be found in large amount in seawater.
27. Fusion energy can produce same energy as a barrel (160 litres) of oil with a glass of water.
31. Some worries that this fusion reactor can exploded.
28. The fuel is made of hydrogen and helium. And this hydrogen can be produced by seawater.
32. In fact, nuclear fusion power plant is safer than any other power plants.
023
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
25. This method is being used by research around the world including Japan.
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
33. Fusion reactor different from nuclear fission which can lead to damage if not control.
37. However, the real gambling is that you do not know how much it cost to realize.
34. Plasma confinement by magnetic force and laser is being performed.
38. So, if you are invest in already extablished existing technology may produce better results.
35. If problems occur, the plasma automatically disappear. So, there is no damage occur.
39. In some cases, it is conceivable that a large amount of budget is spent, leaving legacy that is not usable.
36. In conclusion, fusion energy produce a lot of energy with less fuel and safer on earth.
40. But, if the results gets infinite energy safely, the merit that human beings can obtain is likely to be infinite.
024
Experiential Learning Model
David Kolb’s Theory Definition Experiential learning exists when a personally responsible participant cognitively, affectively, and behaviorally processes knowledge, skills, and/or attitudes in a learning situation characterized by a high level of active involvement. -Hoover and Whitehead-
Experiential education is a hands-on form of learning that begins with a concrete experience. After solving a problem, learners reflect on the process and are able to apply lessons more broadly to their lives. http://learnthroughexperience.org
025
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
PRINCIPLE
CLIENT + COLLABORATORS CLIENT BACKGROUND
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
AGENSI NUKLEAR MALAYSIA (ANM)
VISION Nuclear science and technology for knowledge generation, wealth creation, and societal and national well-being
MISSION Excellence in research and applications of nuclear technology for sustainable development
OBJECTIVES To generate new products and technologies through research and innovation based on the national development agenda To achieve an income, at minimum 30% of the annual operating budget, through transfer and commercialisation of technology To enhance organisational excellence through planning and quality management
ESTABLISHMENT HISTORY Pusat Penyelidikan Atom Tun Ismail (PUSPATI)
Upgraded as national research centre
Unit Tenaga Nuklear (UTN)
Institut Penyelidikan Teknologi Nuklear Malaysia (MINT)
Agensi Nuklear Malaysia (ANM)
1972
1975
1983
1994
2006
026
COLLABORATORS GOVERNMENT AND REGULATOR
Government act as the regulator and establish guidelines for the fusion energy development while also to monitor that the research is carried out according to the rules and laws
FUNDING AND INDUSTRY
The investment for the research is suggested to be from the GLC Company that related to the energy sector
RESEARCH AND EDUCATION
The joint venture between the international institution and local universities to carried out the fusion research, thus enhance the successful of the research
027
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
HOW DO WE GO ABOUT IT? Design Framework - Issue Driven
Ideas
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
+ Depletion of Fossil Fuels
+ The Need of Alternative Energy
Public Perception
Develop Fusion Energy
Educating Society
Research and Development
Experiential Learning
028
[ DIVISION II ] Site Acquisition
34
SUNGAI LANGAT
33
PLUS-SOUTHVILLE 32
31
TH U ) S O LUS P ( H R T SWAY O N RES P EX
19. Faculty of Education, UKM 20. Pusat Islam, UKM 21. UKM Culture Centre 22. Faculty of Islamic Studies, UKM 23. Library, UKM 24. Nuclear Science Building 25. FST, UKM 26. Permata Pintar, UKM 27. Bangi Avenue 28. Bangi Lama Town 29. Agensi Nuklear Malaysia 30. Institut Genom Malaysia 31. Southville City 32. Kompleks Agensi Nuklear Malaysia 33. Atomic Energy Licensing Board 34. Semenyih Treatment Plant
THE SITE
Bandar Baru Bangi, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
30
28
Nearby Agensi Nuklear Malaysia Agensi Nuklear Malaysia headquarters located nearby to the site along Jalan Bangi
Why this site?
1. Bangi City Centre 2. Bangi Industrial Area 3. Bangi Golf Club 4. KPTM Bangi 5. UniKL Bangi 6. Masjid Teras Jernang 7. Malaysian Tax Academy 8. ICT LHDN Malaysia 9. JKR Hulu Langat 10. Bangi Gateway 11. NIOSH 12. ILKAP 13. Faculty of Law, UKM 14. FKAB, UKM 15. UKM-MTDC 16. IMEN Institute 17. Institut Islam Hadhari 18. PPBL, UKM
29
Institution Area The site surrounded by public universities and other public institutes Bangi as Knowledge City Bangi had been announced as knowledge city to accommodate educational institutes and research facilities
Bandar Baru Bangi is a township located north of Bangi and near to Kajang town. It is located 25km from the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur. Bandar Baru Bangi had been developed from a palm plantation into a new township in 1974. In 2008, Bandar Baru Bangi had been proclaimed as ‘Knowledge City’ which is accommodate and surrounded by public universities and big institutions.
030
01
02
PLUS-BANGI
04 06
05
03
07
10 08
11
09
12
PROPOSED SITE 13 14
15 16 17
20
18
21
KTM-UKM
22
19
25
23
24
UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA (UKM)
26
INE
L TM
K KTM-BANGI
27
031
LOCAL PLAN + GUIDELINES Site Data: Site Area:
3.80 acres (15,386.44 m2)
Plot Ratio:
1:4
Plinth Area (60%):
2.28 acres (9,213.86 m2)
t ga
er v i
R
n
La
Landscape Area (5%): 0.19 acres (769.32 m2)
Setback Line 20’
Land Use: Institution (Educational)
Boundary Line
Perimeter Planting: 3.1 meter
Max. Gross Floor Area (GFA): 3.80 acres x 4 = 15.2 acres (61,512.22 m2)
Proposed Site 3.8 acres
Parking Requirement: Car Park:
1 CP/3 staff + 10% visitor (RnD) 1 CP/46.4 m2 + 20% visitor (Office)
Setback Line 20’
Motorcycle Park:
20% of total CP (RnD) 1 MP/84 m2 (Office)
OKU Park:
2% of total CP (RnD + Office)
a
gi Lam
n To Ba
032
IMEN Institute
UKM-MTDC
g
jan
Ka To
Setback Line 20’
Setback Line 40’
n ala
i
B
g an
J
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
033
GENERAL DATA + FIGURES
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
FUSION ACTIVITIES AROUND THE WORLD
Other countries with fusion research activities ITER Members
Source: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
FUSION RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN ASEAN In ASEAN countries, there are 3 countries that currently have fusion device facilities and experiments that is Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore. Malaysia, through Agensi Nuklear Malaysia (ANM) had been involved in fusion research mainly for medical purpose. In ASEAN, fusion research is still in progress and not for energy generation purpose. “The challenge for us to develop and research fusion energy in Malaysia is mainly the cost is very high.” Dr. Siti A’aishah Hashim, 2019 Senior Director ANM
034
SITE FEASIBILITY
DEVELOPMENT CORRIDOR
FUTURE NETWORK
MAIN CITY ROLE
CITY REGION DEVELOPMENT
035
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
SELANGOR STRUCTURE PLAN 2035
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
URBAN SETTLEMENT
LAND FOR DEVELOPMENT
STRATEGIC ECONOMIC GROWTH
036
FUTURE NETWORK AT KLANG VALLEY
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Existing + Proposal (2035) Public Transport of Railway Transit and BRT Line at Klang Valley
Source: RSN Selangor 2035
EXISTING
KTM
S E R E M B A N - K L
SENTRAL
FUTURE Network Connection Near The Site
037
LRT
BANGI-SUNGAI
B U L O H
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
RTD ZONING
Source: RTD Kajang
DEMOGRAPHIC + ECONOMIC 65+ (5%)
Female (48%)
Male (52%)
Gender
Indian (11%)
0-14 (23%)
Chinese (33%)
15-64 (72%)
Age Group
Bumiputera (55%)
Ethnicity
Cyberjaya-Serdang-Bangi
Manufacturing (6%) Construction (7%) Ekonomi bandar Services (86%)
Others (1%)
Kluster industri teknologi tinggi
Institusi, pusat pengajian dan penyelidikan
The regional area of Cyberjaya-Serdang-Bangi will be the economic catalyst for Klang Valley that comprises mainly on research and development of high tech industries.
Economy Sector
Source: Department of Statistic
038
SITE ANALYSIS
Solid + Void
Proposed Site
Network + Traffic
Green + Open Area
Water Features
Bus Stop + Parking 039
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
MACRO SITE STUDY
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Infra + Utilities
Institutional Body
Public Facilities CLIMATE DATA
Average Precipitation
Average Temperature
Average Rainy Day
Average Wind Speed
040
Malaysia known as tropical climate that have hot and wet climate throughout the year because of the location of Malaysia near to Equator line. Therefore, Bandar Baru Bangi have tropical climate same as our country. Bandar Baru Bangi located south of Selangor state and have hilly land in geography. Mostly, the climate in Bandar Baru Bangi is affected by the wind come from south west which is from Sumatera, Indonesia. Source: meteoblue.com
BUILDING FORM + ARCHITECTURAL STYLE
Dewan Canselor 1971
FPI, UKM 1978
Brutalism Architecture In the late of 1900s, most of the buildings are influenced by Brutalism Architecture which is the architecture style that exhibit the building with bare concrete as finishes, thus create a brutallike buildings.
Pusat Islam, UKM 1982
Modern Architecture The modern architecture becomes the dominance architecture style after 1990s in Malaysia and creating a sleek and clean design since then with the variety of materials are being used.
FKAB, UKM 2002 NIOSH 2005 FST, UKM 2009 041
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Perpustakaan Tun Sri Lanang 1978
MICRO SITE STUDY
Road + Accessibility
Public Transport
Greeneries Area
Water Features
Vista + Frontage
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Site Boundary
042
B C
D
043 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
SITE CONDITION + VIEWS
A
“And, [O Muhammad], you are not [engaged] in any matter or recite any of the Qur’an and you [people] do not do any deed except that We are witness over you when you are involved in it. And not absent from your Lord is any [part] of an atom’s weight within the earth or within the heaven or [anything] smaller than that or greater but that it is in a clear register.” (Surah Yunus:61)
[ DIVISION III ] The Design Process
HYPOTHETICAL PROGRAM + TARGET USERS Problems + Issues
+
+
Depletion of Fossil Fuels
Need New Alternative Renewable Energy
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Idea Solution
Public Perception
+ Develop Fusion Energy
Educating Society
Target Users Scientists/ Researchers
Physics Nuclear science & engineering Mechanical engineering Electrical engineering Material science Computer science Chemistry engineering
Professional/ Industry Government GLIC company Private company Investor
Programs Proposed
Public
Post graduate Undergraduate International student Public and private school
Family Teenagers Kids Science enthusiast
+ Research and Development
Project Proposal
Students
Experiential Learning
Fusion Energy Research and Development Centre (FERDEC)
046
SPACE STUDY + RELATIONSHIP A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Fusion Reactor
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
What you thought? How it looks like? It is science fiction or real?
The Power & Arc Reactor is using Palladium element to generate energy. The Palladium also use for the mini arc reactor that integrated with the body of Tony Stark to power the Iron Man suit.
ARC REACTOR, STARK TOWER
in movie of Iron Man 2 (2010) and The Avengers (2012)
047
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Fusion Reactor
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
What you thought? How it looks like? It is science fiction or real?
Fusion Reactor as main source power supply for the whole spaceship, Avalon.
FUSION REACTOR, AVALON SPACESHIP in movie of Passengers (2016)
048
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Fusion Reactor
Plasma Science and Fusion Centre, Massasuchet Institute Technology (MIT) Alcator C-Mod Tokamak
3-8T
0.68m major radius
0.22m minor radius
magnetic field
0.4-2.0 MA p l a s m a
c u r r e n t
h e i g h t
plasma volume
1m3
4m
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
100 millions °C p l a s m a t e m p e r a t u r e
Inside Tokamak
Source: psfc.mit.edu
049
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Fusion Reactor High-field Fusion Pathway
High magnetic field plasma science
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
High field magnets and engineering
Engineering R&D
Source: psfc.mit.edu
Currently, MIT had started to develop SPARC, a fusion device conceived to demonstrate net energy for the first time by about 2025. The collaboration between academia and industry will give benefit to both in the development of fusion energy for future needs. While for ARC fusion pilot plant will be expected to be run in 2033, which is running at 9 Tesla and producing more than 500MW.
Space Visualization
Control Room (375 m2)
Torus Hall (264 m2)
Power Room (900 m2)
050
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Fusion Reactor
Power Room (900 m2)
Control Room (375 m2)
The plan illustrate the overall dimension and configuration of space in the research area.
Space Rationalization Torus Hall
Power Room
Control Room
Accommodate the fusion device experiment, Alcator C-Mod Tokamak. The hall must be confined to block the radiation emitted during the fusion process. The hall is specially designed to prevent the radiation by having a very thick wall and door (1.5 m) with specific material, suggested by the specialist.
Accommodate the power machine that act as the support for the fusion device. The fusion research require a lot of energy to run the experiment. Thus, it requires additional energy support for this research.
Control area for scientists to monitor the research activities to study the variables from the experiment. As no one cannot be present in the Torus Hall during the experiment running, scientists will only able to monitor the experiment in the control room.
051
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Torus Hall (264 m2)
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Fusion Reactor
Vault Door DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Control Room
Power Room Torus Hall
052
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Fusion Reactor
Agensi Nuklear Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia Source: www.nuclearmalaysia.gov.my
Plasma Focus
1 0 = 1700 x SURFACE
MILLIONS K E LV I N The temperature of the confined plasma is 1,700 times hotter than the surface of the Sun.
2
H=
18
Ar =
Components of Plasma Focus
Vacuum System
Argon Tank
Enclosed Chamber
Deuterium Tank
Capacitor Bank
Spark Gap Switch High Voltage Charger
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Using Deuterium (2H) will yield neutron, while Argon (18Ar) will yield x-ray radiation
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Fusion Reactor Low Energy Electron Beam Accelerator (Baby EB) powered with energy of:
to generate energy of:
140kV - 160kV
140KeV
10mA
Low Energy Electron Beam Accelerator or known as Baby EB is a device that solely developed by Agensi Nuklear Malaysia (ANM) to study the electron produced with an adequate energy.
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Components of Baby EB
High Voltage Connection Faraday Cage
High Voltage Charger
Accelerating Tube Vacuum System
Earthing
Radiation Bunker
Source: www.nuclearmalaysia.gov.my
054
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Fusion Reactor
Space Visualization Plasma Focus Space Rationalization Plasma Focus Room Working Space (16 m2)
Plasma Focus Room (16 m2)
Accommodate plasma focus device and its components. The control panel for the device is also being place in this space.
Working Space
Storage Area (12 m2)
Storage Area Storing the laboratory apparatus and research equipments.
Floor Plan (NTS)
Plasma Focus Room (16 m2)
3m
Working Space (16 m2)
Storage Area (12 m2)
Perspective
055
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
A place for scientists to have a working area.
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Fusion Reactor Space Visualization Baby EB Space Rationalization
Workshop and Ventilation Room (14 m2)
Electron Accelerator Beam Electron Accelerator Beam (33 m2)
High Voltage Lab (14 m2)
Workshop and Ventilation Room An area for the modification of components baby EB and allowing the ventilation to the Electron Accelerator Beam from the outside.
Control Area (30 m2)
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Accommodate baby EB and its components.
Floor Plan (NTS)
High Voltage Lab Faraday cage is placed in this area to develop and research on the high voltage energy.
Workshop and Ventilation Room (14 m2)
Electron Accelerator Beam (33 m2)
Control Area
High Voltage Lab (14 m2)
An area that act as the monitoring area for the Baby EB and working area for the scientists.
Control Area (30 m2)
6m
Perspective
056
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Fusion Reactor Conclusion
To perform a fusion research and development, Reactor Hall, Power Room and Control Room are the essential programs while the others are act as supporting facilities that can enhance the fusion research development.
Reactor Confinement PSFC, MIT
Agensi Nuklear Malaysia
Width of wall - 0.8m Width of wall - 1.5m
Motorised Vault Door
Motorised Vault Door
Fusion Experimental Device need to be confined in a space that enclosed without any opening needed except the access area. This is to prevent the neutron emission during the fusion process reaction. The width of perimeter wall and access door will be specially designed and very thick, constructed with specified material, calculated and defined by the physicists before the information is passed to the architect and engineer to design the reactor confinement
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Programs Relationship
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Research Laboratory Spatial Qualities of the Learning and Research Environment Mohammad Shafiee, Maryam,“Architecture for Science: Space as an Incubator to Nurture Research� (2014). Master Theses.33. https://scholarworks. umass.edu/master_theses_2/33
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Time Spent in Lab
more than 20 hours
between 10 to 20 hours
between 5 to 10 hours
less than 5 hours
Spatial Quality
access to an informal group space within the lab
natural light view to outside
interior greenery
access to common lounge on same floor as lab
view to interior atrium
Based on survey made for this theses, it shows that most researchers or scientists are spent in lab more than 20 hours on a weekly basis. Meanwhile, for the spatial quality, natural light and view to outside area highly rated during the survey. The researchers or scientists desire natural light and view to outside during their work in research environment.
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A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Research Laboratory
Trends in Lab Design Daniel Watch, 2016 www.wbdg.org
A new model of laboratory design, creates lab environments that are responsive to present needs and capable of accommodating future demands:
Balance Between Open and Closed Labs
To facilitates both structured and informal interaction, flexible use of space, and sharing of resources
To provide open labs to create an interaction between scientists while closed labs for specific kind of research that required.
Flexibility
Design for Technology
The ability to expand easily, to readily accommodate reconfigurations and other changes, and to permit a variety of uses.
To ensure the labs are appropriate to accommodate the computers and machines.
Sustainability
Develop Science Parks
Academic
Government
Industry
To have connection and partnering between academic, government and industry
Energy efficiency, interior environments improvement, efficient use of materials and resources, recycling.
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Social Buildings
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Research Laboratory Engineering and Science Discipline Involved
Physics
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Mechanical Engineering
Nuclear Science & Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Chemistry Engineering
Material Science
Computer Science
There are 7 main science disciplines and engineerings that being identified involved in the fusion energy research. The combination of these main science engineerings show that the complexity of the fusion energy development, thus it is important to allow the interaction between them in the research laboratories.
Programs Relationship Closed + Open
Supporting Laboratories
Laboratory
Common Area
Working Space
The research laboratory is integrated with the supporting laboratories, scientists common area and working space. Research laboratories will act as different function based on the 7 science disciplines and engineerings as mention before this. The integration of common area between the laboratories will allow the interaction between scientists for knowledge exchange.
060
A. RESEARCH FACILITIES Research Laboratory Illustration
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Closed Lab
Common Area
Working Space
Open Lab 061
B. EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Principle
Experience
Discussion
interactive approach
sharing knowledge
Public/Students Touch
Aural
Visual
Scientists
Technology Integrated
Augmented Reality (AR)
Hologram
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Virtual Reality (VR)
Industry
B. EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING Programs Identified
9D Theater Science Park
Public Plaza
Conference Room 063
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Interactive Gallery
PROGRAMS DEVELOPMENT
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Programs Fraction
Supplementary Programs (25%)
Core Programs (50%)
Services (25%)
Classification of Spaces Public
Semi Public/Private
Private
Drop-off Area Lobby and Reception Information Centre Lounge Area Cafeteria Virtual Fusion Park Prayer Rooms Resource Centre Public Toilet Public Common and Plaza Area
Conference Hall Interactive Gallery Mini Auditorium Meeting Room Office Lobby Scientists Common Area
Fusion Device Hall Power Room Control Room Workshop Area Working Space Storage Area Laboratory (Open/Closed) Supporting Laboratory Electronic Data Processing Room Server Room Administration Office Lab Preparation Room Services Monitoring Area Utility Room
Space Flow Diagram Concept access from main entrance
ticketing + invitation + with permission
Public
Semi Public/ Private
authorization required (restricted area)
Private access from second entrance (authorized staff only)/maintenance purpose
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USERS FLOW Professional
Students
Private Access
Public
Drop-off
Office Lobby
Main Lobby
Public Plaza Area
Administration Office Book Cafe Conference Room Meeting Room
Ticketing
Fusion Park
Scientists Common Area 9D Theater
Workshop Area
Working Space
Control Room Lab Preparation Room
Reactor Hall Laboratory
065
Interactive Gallery
Prayer Room
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Scientists
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
SCHEDULE OF ACCOMMODATION (SOA)
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067 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Volumetric Study Research and Development
Reactor Hall
Scientists Common Area Quality Lab Control Preparation
Power Room
Control Room Supporting Laboratory Laboratory
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Storage Room
Chemical Storage Room
Server Room
Electronic Data Room
Monitoring Area
Workshop Area
Locker Room
Education and Entertainment
9D Theater
Interactive Gallery
Conference Room
Prefunction Area
Administration Director
Senior Director
Discussion Office Lobby Room
Head of Admin
File Room
Secretary
Server Room
Deputy Head of Executives Head Departments
Utility Room
Pantry
Toilet
Clerical
Meeting Room
OKU Toilet
Public Amenities
Book Store
Fusion Store
Resource Centre
Dining Station
Surau
068
Main Lobby
Public Toilet OKU Toilet
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
CAR PARK PROVISION
069
NAQLI STUDY Studying Sun as a Source of Renewable Energy
ۡ ِۤ ۡ ۡ ۡ ِ الل السمو ۡ ۤ ِ س ًّمى َو اِ َّن َكثِيۡـًرا ٰ ٰ َّ ُّٰ اََو َۡل يـَتـََف َّك ُر ۡوا ِ ۡف اَنـ ُف ِس ِه ۡم َما َخلَ َق َ ت َوالَر َ ض َۡوَما بـَيـنـَ ُۡه َما ا َّل بلَ ِّق َواَ َج ٍل ُّم ِ ِّم َن الن َّاس بِلِ َقآ ِئ َرّبِِم لَ ٰـك ِفُرو َن “Do they not contemplate within themselves? Allah has not created the heavens and the earth and what is between them except in truth and for a specified term. And indeed, many of the people, in [the matter of] the meeting with their Lord, are disbelievers.”
“
Syed Abul ‘Ala Maududi said in his book, Towards Understanding the Quran;
In this sentence, two more arguments have been given for the Hereafter. It says that if man makes a deep observation of the system of the universe, he will see two things very outstanding about it: First, that the universe has been created with the truth. It is not a plaything of a child, which he might have made to amuse himself, and whose making and un-making might be meaningless. But it is a serious system whose every particle testifies that it has been created with great wisdom, its each component has a law underlying it, and everything in it has a purpose behind it. Man’s whole social and economic life and all his sciences and arts are a witness that whatever man has done in the world became possible only because he was able to discover the laws working behind everything and the purpose for which it was made. Had he been placed as a puppet in a lawless and purposeless toy-house, no science and no civilization and social life could be conceived. Now, how does it stand to reason that the Wise Being Who has created this world with such wisdom and design and Who has placed in it a creation like man, who is endowed with great mental and physical capabilities, powers and authority, freedom of action and choice, moral sense and entrusted with unlimited means and resources of the world, would have created him without a purpose and design? That man would live a full life involving both goodness and evil, justice and injustice, virtue and vice, and end up in the dust, and his good and evil acts will not bear any fruit? That each act of man will influence his own life as well as the lives of thousands of other men like himself and countless other things in the world, for good or for evil, and the whole record of his life-activity will be just set aside after his death, without accountability? The other thing that becomes apparent after a deep observation of the system of the universe is that nothing here is immortal. Everything has an age appointed for it after attaining which, it dies and expires, and the same is the case with the universe as a whole. All the forces that are working here are limited. They can work only till an appointed term and they have inevitably to run out in time, and this system has to end. In the ancient days the philosophers and scientists who said that the world was eternal and everlasting could have their way, due mainly to lack of knowledge. But modern science almost definitely has cast its vote in favor of the God worshipers in the debate that had been going on since centuries between them and the atheists regarding the eternal and the temporal nature of the world. Now the atheists are left with no leg to stand on. They cannot claim on the basis of reason and knowledge that the world has existed since eternity and will exist forever and there is going to be no resurrection. The ancient materialistic creed rested on the belief that matter was indestructible, only its form could be changed, but after every change matter remained matter and no increase or decrease occurred in its quantity. Therefore, it was inferred that this material world had neither a beginning nor an end. But now the discovery of the atomic energy has demolished the entire materialistic edifice. Now it has come to light that energy changes into matter, and matter changes back into energy with the result that nothing persists, neither form nor appearance. The second law of Thermodynamics has proved that this material world has neither existed since eternity nor will last till eternity. It certainly began in time and has to end in time. Therefore, it is no longer possible to deny the Hereafter even according to science. And obviously, when science has surrendered, how will philosophy stand to deny the Hereafter?
070
“
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
(Surah Ar-Rum:8)
Conspectus of the statement of Syed Abul ‘Ala Maududi A deep observation of the system of the universe by humans provide 2 things very outstanding
01 Universe has been created with the truth
Every particle testifies that it has been created with great wisdom, each component has a law underlying it and everything in it has purpose behind it
Influence human’s whole social and economic life, science discoveries and arts
Everything has an age appointed for it after attaining which, it dies and expires
The second law of Thermodynamic has proved that this material world has neither existed since eternity nor will last till eternity
02 Nothing here immortal
is
The creation of Sun have a lot benefit to us. The study of sun characteristics and how it live had encourage the development of fusion energy produced by the sun. Humans are trying to mimicking the sun on how it yield energy in abundant and useful for humankind. This is align with what Allah had tell us in Al-Qur’an that He create this world with great wisdom and design which is useful to us. Everything in this world is create with purpose behind, with ‘sunnatullah’ that firm and will be diminished within certain time. The Sun is the star at the centre of our Solar System
The Sun comprises mainly hydrogen and helium elements. The fusion reaction occur at the centre of the Sun with the fuse between hydrogen atoms.
It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process.
The Sun will died after 5 billions years later and engulf planets nearby transformming into a Red Giant.
The Sun is the main source of energy for life in Earth
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Correlation with fusion energy study from the Sun
THEORY + CONCEPT Design Philosophy + Theory Deconstructivism by: Zaha Hadid Definition Deconstructivism is a development of postmodern architecture that began in the late 1980s. It is characterized by ideas of fragmentation, an interest in manipulating ideas of a structure’s surface or skin, non-rectilinear shapes which serve to distort and dislocate some of the elements of architecture, such as structure and envelope. The finished visual appearance of buildings that exhibit the many deconstructivist “styles” is characterized by a stimulating unpredictability and a controlled chaos.
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Deconstructivism Style can be categorised into 3 approaches:
Fluid
Kinetic
Parametric
The appearance and design of the building is have nonrectilinear shapes and not rigid
The integration of mechanical machinery into the building
The building design is depends on the certain parameter to produce design desire Parametric
Fluid
Kinetic Source: Keim, E. (n.d.). Zaha Hadid architects.
072
To discover and invent architecture and forms of urban planning in a contemporary way. To connect buildings, to form a new kind of landscape to flow together with contemporary cities and the lives of the people
“
There Are 360 Degrees, Why Stick To One?
Theory
“
Philosophy
Fragmentation, Defying Gravity, Abstraction and Fluidity
Source: Dana Calinisan (2017). Retrieved from https://prezi.com/ x29ylvcwowf8/zaha-hadid/
“The idea is not to have any 90-degree angles. In the beginning, there was the diagonal. The diagonal comes from the idea of the explosion which ‘reforms’ the space. This was an important discovery.”
Approaches
+
+
“I don’t think that architecture is only about shelter, is only about a very simple enclosure. It should be able to EXCITE YOU, to CALM YOU, to MAKE YOU THINK” Zaha Muhammad Hadid
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Zaha Muhammad Hadid
‘Excite You’
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
to cause a particular reaction in someone (impression)
Cantilevered Design
Grand Glass Lobby Design
074
Source: interiordesign.net
Source: blog.pickmysolar.com
‘Calm You’ to make tranquil and quiet
Design Ambience Environmental Features
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Integration of built environment such as air, water, plants, sunlight, materials and etc
Source: brandsanews.com.au
Source: businessinsider.sg
075
‘Calm You’ to make tranquil and quiet
Design Appearance Natural Shapes and Forms
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Curvy and Informal design form. Not rigid and elimination of right angles design.
Source: archdaily.com
Source: inexhibit.com
076
‘Make You Think’ to enhance and stimulate the act of thinking Space attribute to enhance the science thinking and discovery
Have a social interaction
Adequate natural lighting
Source: archdaily.com
View to outside
Greenery integration
Source: archdaily.com
Source: riojawine.com
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Source: archdaily.com
Initial Conception Fusion Process + Tokamak Reactor Design
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
The initial conception is to mimicking the fusion energy process and the design of tokamak reactor, integrated betwwen them to be developed into the planning design and structural design.
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079 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
PRECEDENT STUDY South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) Woods Bagot Adelaide, Australia Completed 25,000 m2
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Centre for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL) Hammeskrause Architect Hanburg, Germany Completed 8,400 m2
Apple Campus
Foster + Partners Cupertino, California, US Completed 79,000 m2
King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Centre (KAPSARC) Zaha Hadid Architect Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Completed 70,000 m2
International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) ENGAGE Consortium Provence-Alpes-Cote-d’Azur, France Under Construction 9,600 m2
080
Architectural Design Apple Campus
Source: www.mercurvnews.com
Source: archdaily.com
The building is designed to have futuristic architecture style. It have a big glass wall around the whole building to maximizing the natural lighting and view to outside.
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
KAPSARC
Source: archdaily.com
The building is designed as modular to allow expansion without compromising the visual integrity. It based on the concept of connectivity which is composing a cluster of crystalline form in response to environmental climate.
SAHMRI
Source: archdaily.com
Full height atrium to allow penetration of natural lighting
Source: archdaily.com
Its facade system mimicking the pinecone that can response to the climate
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Programs CFEL
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Source: archdaily.com
CFEL introduce different typology of laboratory research which is integrating with open space for the researchers to enhance their studies.
KAPSARC Combining the 5 main buildings that comprises research areas, amenities and common areas with the covered courtyard.
Source: archdaily.com
SAHMRI
Source: archdaily.com
The programs proposed are different laboratory typology and integrating with public domain on ground floor to create an interaction between researchers and publics.
082
Idea/Approaches Apple Campus
Source: wikipedia.com
Source: jotform.com
The approaches are to integrate the big park with the building to have the best view for the building users while promoting sustainability with the mass solar panel installation on the roof.
Source: archdaily.com
The approaches is to integrate the architecture added values on research building while interconnecting disciplines and programs
SAHMRI
Source: archdaily.com
The approaches are to integrate the public community with the building and tackling the climate.
Source: archdaily.com
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
CFEL
System ITER TOKAMAK Reactor is the reactor that will be installed in ITER project. The system and space required is to ensure the capability and efficiency of the reactor to run the fusion energy research. The TOKAMAK is mainly comprises magnet, vacuum vessel, blanket, divertor and cryostat while support by other supporting systems that required. It is the biggest reactor ever built, however, this project will adapted the system requirement for a small reactor.
Source: www.iter.com
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Structural System KAPSARC
Source: designboom.com
Source: designboom.com
The building is mainly use space trusses to accommodate a big column free space and to follow the architectural design
Apple Campus
Source: alamy.com
Source: archinet.com
The building is constructed with glass wall as building envelope and have hollow floor slab to cool the building and act as building breath
084
IDEA DEVELOPMENT Idea Site Study
Precedent Study
Location of access, parking and services
Langat river utilization
Building orientation
A catalyst for research development at surrounding area
Connection for public circulation
maximizing views
085
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Site Study
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Precedent Study
Modern + Futuristic Architectural Style
Active Ground Floor
To have a futuristic design tha potray the vision of the building while become the iconic building to the surrounding
To create public area at the ground level by elevating some part of the building, hence can increase the permeability on the building
Integrated Lab with Common Area
View to Outside and Natural Lighting
The laboratory (either closed or open) must be integrated with common area and working space to have a social interaction between scientists
Maximizing the natural lighting received and view to outside to enhance the research studies
Energy Consumption Efficiency
As research building use highly energy, it is to ensure the energy uses must be efficiently control to reduce the unnecessary energy
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Planning Development
First Section Conception
087
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Planning Development
088
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Zoning + Circulation
089
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Planning Principle + Approach
090
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Section + Approach
Elevations Study
091
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Spatial Quality Approach
092
BUILDING MASSING
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Section + Approach
First Massing
Second Massing
Third Massing 093
[ DIVISION IV ] The Proposal
096
Fusion Acquaintance: The Ultimatum Energy
097
03
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
05
08
07
06 08
Legend
1 Ingress/Egress 2 Basement Parking 3 Parking Area 4 Drop-off 5 Private Drop-off 6 Services Area 7 Open Plaza 8 Landscape 9 Guard House
Site Plan 098
04
02 09 01
la Ja
n DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
08 UKM-MTDC
03
n Ba
gi
099
02 03
04
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
01
Basement Floor Plan
Legend
1 Chiller Room 2 Water Tank Room 3 Lobby
100
4 Private Lobby 5 Exhaust Fan Room
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
03
05
101
16
18 22
21
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
X
15
20 19 10
17
13 23 24
11 10
25
09
Legend
Ground Floor Plan
1 Ingress/Egress 6 Main Lobby 11 Mini Shop 2 Guard House 7 9D Theater 12 Book Cafe 3 Parking Area 8 Interactive Gallery 13 Loading Bay 4 Main Drop-off 9 Storage Room 14 Surau (F) 5 Plaza Area 10 AHU 15 Surau (M)
102
08
03
10 05
12
14
X 04
06
03
05 07 From Basement Parking To Basement Parking
02
Y 16 Private Drop-off 17 Private Lobby 18 TNB Substation 19 PABX Room 20 MDF Room
01
21 MSB Room 22 Refuse Chamber 23 Services Area 24 Fusion Confinement Hall 25 Power Room
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
13
Y
05 06 08 07
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
X
AHU 04
10
09
Legend
First Floor Plan
1 Main Lobby 2 Conference Room 3 Pre-function Area 4 AHU 5 Administration Office
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6 Fusion Workroom 7 Data Room 8 Server Room 9 Fusion Control Room 10 Fusion Confinement Hall
03
01 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Y
AHU 04
02
X
Y
105
106
Second Floor Plan
X
03 05
01 02
01 04
03
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
01
Y
02
Y 01
1 Laboratory 2 Working Space 3 AHU 4 Common Area 5 Pantry
Legend
X
107
Third Floor Plan
X
03 05
02
01 04
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
01
03
02
Y
01
Y
1 Laboratory 2 Working Space 3 AHU 4 Common Area 5 Pantry
Legend
X
04
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
05
06
Legend
1 Main Drop-off 2 Main Lobby 3 Basement Parking 4 Fusion Confinement Hall 5 Fusion Control Room
6 9D Theater 7 Working Space 8 Laboratory 9 Pre-function Area 10 Book Cafe
108
03
Section X-X
07
07
02 08
08
09
10
03
Section Y-Y
109 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
02 01
110
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Right Elevation
111 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Front Elevation
Core Program Research and Development Main research activity is to develop the fusion energy with the different fields of laboratory to support the research and development
Edutainment Incorporating interactive approach to educate the society and deliver the knowledge of fusion energy
Supplementary Program Administration Manage and monitor the building and the whole research departments.
Public Amenities
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Support the core programs that essential for the building occupants and visitors.
Ground Floor Level
First Floor Level
Second Floor Level
Third Floor Level
112
Integrated Laboratory
Laboratories are integrated with scientists common area to enhance the knowledge exchange between scientists
Natural Lighting
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Maximizing natural lighting by installing full height tinted glass window panels
Active Ground Floor
Reduce the building footprint to allow the public activities on ground level
Architectural Style
Futuristic design to portray the building as an iconic and a symbol for research and development catalyst
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
[ Main Lobby ]
+ Entrance is the first impression
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
[ Book Cafe ]
+ Recitation is the key of knowledge
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[ Book Cafe ]
+ Break time!
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
119 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
[ Working Space ]
+ Where journals, articles and data collections are produce
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121 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
[ Common Area ]
+ Exchanging knowledge between expertises
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123 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
[ Fusion Control Room ]
+ Control and monitor the fusion research experiment
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[ DIVISION Va ] Technical Configuration - Fire Protection System
OVERVIEW AUTHORITY RELATED:
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia (JBPM)
129
ZONING
PURPOSE GROUP
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Fifth Schedule (UBBL, Bylaw 134) For the purpose of this Part of every building or compartment shall be regarded according to its use or intended use as falling within one of the purpose groups set out in the Fifth Schedule to these By-laws and, where a building is divided into compartments, used and intended to be used for different purposes, the purpose group of each compartment shall be determined separately: Provided that where the whole or part of a building or compartment, as the case may be, is used or intended to be used for more than one purpose, only the main purpose of use of that building or compartment shall be taken into account in determining into which group it falls.
Topmost floor level
13.95m
Ground level
PURPOSE GROUP AT VERTICAL SECTION
130
COMPARTMENTATION
LAMPIRAN A
1- BY-LAW 140 : FIRE APPLIANCE ACCESS COMPARTMENT PROVISION
Fifth Schedule (UBBL, By-law 136) ZONE/ COMPARTMENT PURPOSE GROUP
FLOOR AREA FLOOR HEIGHT M2 M 3,500.28 4.50 1,484.10 4.50 1,278.70 4.50 1,070.86 4.50 7,333.94 18.00
VOLUME M3 15,751.26 6,678.45 5,754.15 4,818.87 33,002.73
Any building, other than a single storey building, of a purpose group specified in the Fifth Schedule to these Bylaws and which hasa) any storey the floor area of which exceeds that specified b) a Jumlah cubicisipadu capacity (M3) = which exceeds that specified shallFire beappliance so divided into compartments, by means of compartment walls or compartment floors or both access requirement for building is one-fourth 1 2 3 4
GROUND LEVEL LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3
INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL Jumlah 33,002.73
ZONE/ COMPARTMENT 1 2 3 4
GROUND LEVEL LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3
PURPOSE GROUP INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL
ALLOWABLE FLOOR AREA FLOOR AREA FLOOR HEIGHT M2 M2 M 3,500.28 2,000 4.50 1,484.10 2,000 4.50 1,278.70 2,000 4.50 1,070.86 2,000 4.50
VOLUME M3 15,751 6,678 5,754 4,819
ALLOWABLE REQUIRED VOLUME COMPARTMENTATION M3 (Y/N) No limit N No limit N No limit N No limit N
Note that at ground level, the area is split up by a certain block or group which may not require compartmentation 3 – BY- LAW 167 - 175 : OCCUPANT LOAD & ESCAPE CAPACITY (7TH SCHEDULE) on that level as shown in the figure of ground floor block area below. ZONE / COMPARTMENT 1 2 3 4
GROUND LEVEL LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3
PURPOSE GROUP INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL
FLOOR AREA M2 1,760.38 1,484.10 1,278.70 1,070.86
OCCUPANT TOTAL LOAD LOAD PERSONS PER/M2 4.50 391.20 4.50 329.80 4.50 284.16 4.50 237.97
Arkitek Daya Seni Sdn Bhd
CAPACITY EXIT 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00
EXIT WIDTH REQUIRED M 3.59 3.02 2.60 2.18
STAIRCASE WIDTH M 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
2 – BY-LAW 136 : COMPARTMENTATION
NUMBER OF STAIRCASES REQUIRED 2.76 2.33 2.00 1.68
PBMSB0758/B
Ground floor block area
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MEANS OF ESCAPE
OCCUPANT LOAD & CAPACITY EXITS
Seventh Schedule (UBBL, By-law 167(2), 168(2), 170(c), 171(3), 175) By-law 167(2): Storey exits The width of the storey exits shall be in accordance with the provisions in the Seventh Schedule to these Bylaws. LAMPIRAN A
By-law 168(2): Staircases Staircase should be the clear width between walls but handrails may be permitted to encroach on this width to BY-LAW 140 : FIRE APPLIANCE ACCESS a1- maximum of 75 millimetres.
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ZONE/ COMPARTMENT
PURPOSE GROUP
FLOOR AREA FLOOR HEIGHT
7
VOLUME
M2 M M3 By-law 170(c): Egress through unenclosed openings 1 GROUND LEVEL INSTITUTIONAL 3,500.28 4.50 15,751.26 2 LEVEL 1 of the occupants INSTITUTIONAL Only 50% of a floor are 1,484.10 assumed to 4.50 use the6,678.45 open staircase and storey exits are provided at 3 LEVEL 2 INSTITUTIONAL 1,278.70 4.50 5,754.15 every level to accommodate the other 50% of the occupants of that level in accordance with the provisions of 4 LEVEL 3 INSTITUTIONAL 1,070.86 4.50 4,818.87 Jumlah 18.00 33,002.73 the Jumlah Seventh Schedule to these by-laws. 7,333.94 isipadu (M3) = 33,002.73 Fire appliance access requirement for building is one-fourth
By-law 171(3): Horizontal exits 2 – BY-LAW 136 : COMPARTMENTATION For institutional occupancies the total exit capacity other than horizontal exits shall not be reduced by more than one-third that would otherwise be requiredALLOWABLE for the entire area of the building. ALLOWABLE REQUIRED ZONE/ COMPARTMENT
PURPOSE GROUP
FLOOR AREA M2
FLOOR AREA FLOOR HEIGHT M2 M
VOLUME M3
VOLUME M3
CAPACITY EXIT
EXIT WIDTH REQUIRED M 3.59 3.02 2.60 2.18
COMPARTMENTATION (Y/N)
By-law 175: of occupant load3,500.28 1 GROUND LEVELCalculation INSTITUTIONAL 2,000 4.50 15,751 No limit N 2 LEVEL 1 INSTITUTIONAL 1,484.10 6,678 limit N Calculation of occupancy loads and capacity of exits2,000 shall be in4.50 accordance withNo the provisions of the Seventh 3 LEVEL 2 INSTITUTIONAL 1,278.70 2,000 4.50 5,754 No limit N 4 LEVEL 3 to these By-laws. INSTITUTIONAL 1,070.86 2,000 4.50 4,819 No limit N Schedule 3 – BY- LAW 167 - 175 : OCCUPANT LOAD & ESCAPE CAPACITY (7TH SCHEDULE)
ZONE / COMPARTMENT 1 2 3 4
GROUND LEVEL LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3
PURPOSE GROUP INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL
FLOOR AREA M2 1,760.38 1,484.10 1,278.70 1,070.86
OCCUPANT TOTAL LOAD LOAD PERSONS PER/M2 4.50 391.20 4.50 329.80 4.50 284.16 4.50 237.97
Arkitek Daya Seni Sdn Bhd
60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00
STAIRCASE WIDTH M 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
NUMBER OF STAIRCASES REQUIRED 2.76 2.33 2.00 1.68
PBMSB0758/BOMBA.XLS/PLOT
132
133
2 3 5
Staircase not connected with basement level
1 4
Staircase connected with basement level
4 5
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
3
2 1
MAXIMUM TRAVEL DISTANCES
Seventh Schedule (UBBL, By-law 165(4), 166(2), 167(1), 170(b)) By-law 165(4): Measurement of travel distance to exits The maximum travel distances to exits and dead end limits shall be as specified in the Seventh Schedule of these By-laws. By-law 166(2): Exits to be accessible at all times The exits shall be sited and the exit access shall be so arranged that the exits within the limits of travel distance as specified in the Seventh Schedule to these By-laws and are readily accessible at all times By-law 167(1): Storey exits Except as provided for in by-law 194 every compartment shall be provided with at least two storey exits located as far as practical from each other and in no case closer than 4.5 meters and in such position that the travel distances specified in the Seventh Schedule to these By-laws are not exceeded. By-law 170(b): Egress through unenclosed openings The travel distances specified in the Seventh Schedule to these By-laws are not exceeded.
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
PURPOSE GROUP II. Institutional Hospitals, Nursing Homes etc. School Open Plan Flexible Plan
Limit when alternative exits are available (1) Dead-End Limit (2) Unsprinklered (3) Sprinklered 9 6 NR NR
134
30 45 30 45
45 60 45 60
135
18 m
9m
12 m
28 m 18 m
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
28 m 7m 12 m
11 m
FIRE APPLIANCE ACCESS
FIRE APPLIANCE ACCESS
UBBL, By-law 140
LAMPIRAN A All buildings in excess of 7000 cubic metres shall abut upon a street or road or open space of not less than 12 metres width and to fire brigadeACCESS appliances. 1- BY-LAW 140accessible : FIRE APPLIANCE ZONE/ COMPARTMENT
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
1 2 3 4
GROUND LEVEL LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3 Jumlah isipadu (M3) =
PURPOSE GROUP INSTITUTIONAL OFFICE INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL Jumlah 33,002.73
FLOOR AREA FLOOR HEIGHT M2 M 3,500.28 4.50 1,484.10 4.50 1,278.70 4.50 1,070.86 4.50 7,333.94 18.00
VOLUME M3 15,751.26 6,678.45 5,754.15 4,818.87 33,002.73
3 Total Fire Volume of the building is 33,000 mfor , thus its require one-fourth of fire appliance access in the building appliance access requirement building is one-fourth
2 – BY-LAW 136 : COMPARTMENTATION
ZONE/ COMPARTMENT 1 2 3 4
GROUND LEVEL LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3
PURPOSE GROUP INSTITUTIONAL OFFICE INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL
ALLOWABLE FLOOR AREA FLOOR AREA FLOOR HEIGHT M2 M2 M 3,500.28 2,000 4.50 1,484.10 No limit 4.50 1,278.70 2,000 4.50 1,070.86 2,000 4.50
A VOLUME M3 15,751 6,678 5,754 4,819
3 – BY- LAW 167 - 175 : OCCUPANT LOAD & ESCAPE CAPACITY (7TH SCHEDULE)
ZONE / COMPARTMENT 1 2 3 4
GROUND LEVEL LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3
PURPOSE GROUP INSTITUTIONAL OFFICE INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL
Arkitek Daya Seni Sdn Bhd
FLOOR AREA M2 3,126.29 1,484.10 1,278.70 1,070.86
OCCUPANT TOTAL LOAD LOAD PERSONS PER/M2 4.50 694.73 10.00 148.41 4.50 284.16 4.50 237.97
CAPACITY EXIT
E
60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00
PBMSB0758/BO
136
137 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM
FIRE DETECTION Tenth Schedule (UBBL, By-law 237(1)) Fire alarms shall be provided in accordance with the Tenth Schedule to these By-laws.
OBJECTIVES
To detect outbreak of fire and warn occupants To activate fire safety system To inform fire brigade To monitor fire safety equipment
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Automatic Smoke Detector Smoke detectors for areas where rapid heat development is normal for the function of the space, or where combustibles may burn with high release of smoke
Automatic Heat Detector Heat detectors for areas where smoke may be a common presence in the space, or where combustibles may burn rapidly and efficiently.
Occupancy Hazard II. Institutional 1. Educational Occupancies (iii) Laboratory over 1000 sqm
Extinguishing System
Fire Alarm System
Emergency Lighting
Automatic Fire Detectors System Hose Reel
Manual Electrical Fire Alarm System
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Signal point units
139 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
FIRE ALARM SYSTEM
FIRE ALARM SYSTEM
Tenth Schedule (UBBL, By-law 237(1)) Fire alarms shall be provided in accordance with the Tenth Schedule to these By-laws.
Type of Alarm System:
Manual Electrical Fire Alarm System (Tenth Schedule)
Location and Spacing:
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Manual call points and bells located beside exit and staircase doors, such that no occupant need travel more than 30 meters to reach a call point.
Occupancy Hazard II. Institutional 1. Educational Occupancies (iii) Laboratory over 1000 sqm
Extinguishing System
Fire Alarm System
Emergency Lighting
Automatic Fire Detectors System Hose Reel
Manual Electrical Fire Alarm System
140
Signal point units
141 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
FIRE EXTIGUISHER
FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Tenth Schedule (UBBL, By-law 227, 236)
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
By-law 227: Portable extinguishers Portable extinguisher shall be provided in accordance with the relevant codes of practice and shall be sited in prominent positions on exit routes to be visible from all directions and similar extinguishers in a building shall be of the same method of operation. By-law 236: Special hazards Places constituting special hazards or risk due to the nature of storage, trade, occupancy or size shall be required to be protected by fixed installations, protective devices, systems and special extinguishers as may be required by the Fire Authority
Type of Portable Extinguisher Used: Dry Powder and CO2
Location and Spacing:
Dry Powder is located at general areas while CO2 is specifically for the area that occupied mostly electrical equipments, such as server room and electrical room.
Dry Powder
Dry powder fire extinguisher also known as ABC fire extinguisher is the multi-purpose fire extinguisher that can be used for almost classes of fires
CO2
CO2 is specifically use for electrical fire of class. Commonly, it is used in server room, control room and electrical room.
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143 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
HOSE REEL
HOSE REEL Tenth Schedule (UBBL, By-law 226, 247(1))
By-law 247 (1): Water storage Water storage capacity and water flow rate for fire fighting systems and installations shall be provided in accordance with the scale as set out in the Tenth Schedule to these By-laws.
Occupancy Hazard II. Institutional 1. Educational Occupancies (iii) Laboratory over 1000 sqm
Extinguishing System
Fire Alarm System
Emergency Lighting
Automatic Fire Detectors System Hose Reel
Manual Electrical Fire Alarm System
Signal point units
ACTIVE FIRE FIGHTING REQUIREMENT ( 10TH SCHEDULE) Total Hose Reel provided: HOSE REEL SYSTEM 1st hose reel = 300 gallon Additional hose reel = 300 gallon Min gallon for system is 9000 gallon REQUIRED HOSE REEL Total hose reel per floor 30m radius Nos of reel per floor = floor area / 1000
FLOOR BASEMENT GROUND FLOOR LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3 ROOF
NO of HR/ floor 4 5 4 2 2
TOTAL TOTAL No. of HR Tanks
Fire Tank Pump
Fire Tank
Total Water Capacity (G,gallons) 1200 1500 1200 600 600
4.8m 5,100 13
Hose Reel Tank is located at basement level. Total tank provided, is 16 tanks.
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4.8m
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By-law 226: Automatic system for hazardous occupancy Where hazardous processes, storage or occupancy are of such character as to require automatic sprinklers or other automatic extinguishing system, it shall be of a type and standard appropriate to extinguish fires in the hazardous materials stored or handled or for the safety of the occupants.
145
29 m
28 m
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
28 m 13 m 18 m
FIRE HYDRANT
FIRE HYDRANT
UBBL, By-law 225(2) & (3) (2) Every building shall be served by at least one fire hydrant located not more than 91.5 metres from the nearest point of fire brigade access.
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(3) Depending on the size and location of the building and the provision of access for fire appliances, additional fire hydrant shall be provided as may be required by the Fire Authority.
146
147
45m
37m
71m
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
80m
63m
30m
42m
SPRINKLER SYSTEM
SPRINKLER SYSTEM
Tenth Schedule (UBBL, By-law 226, 228) By-law 226: Automatic system for hazardous occupancy Where hazardous processes, storage or occupancy are of such character as to require automatic sprinklers or other automatic extinguishing system, it shall be of a type and standard appropriate to extinguish fires in the hazardous materials stored or handled or for the safety of the occupants.
Area of Indication
Administration Office
Total Area
812.4 m2
Type of Sprinkler
Automatic Sprinkler System A fire sprinkler system is an active fire protection method, consisting of a water supply system, providing adequate pressure and flow rate to a water distribution piping system, onto which fire sprinklers are connected. A typical sprinkler system operates when heat at the site of a fire causes a glass component in the sprinkler head to fail, thereby releasing the water from the sprinkler head. Sprinkler systems help to reduce the growth of a fire, thereby increasing life safety and limiting structural damage. Principles 1 nozzle-head covers approximately 10sqm 1000 nozzle-heads = 3000 gallons of water Nozzle-head
Fire Tank Pump
Fire Tank
4.8m
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By-law 228: Sprinkler valves (1) Sprinkler valves shall be located in a safe and enclosed position on the exterior wall and shall be readily accessible to the Fire Authority. (2) All sprinkler systems shall be electricity connected to the nearest fire station to provide immediate and automatic relay of the alarm when activated.
1780mm radius
10sqm coverage
4.8m
Sprinkler Water Tank is combined together with Hose Reel Tank at basement level as the application of Sprinkler System in this building is small
148
149
Approximately 54 nozzle-heads required Water tank required for this zone area of building: 162 gallons
Administration Office
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
CLEAN AGENT
CLEAN AGENT
UBBL, By-law 235 Fixed installations shall be either be total flooding system or unit protection system depending upon the nature of hazard process and occupancy as may be required by the Fire Authority
Area of Indication
Fusion Confinement Hall
Total 2Area 290 m
Type of Clean Agent
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
FM200
FM200 is a fire suppression system that comprised hydrofluorocarbons (HFC). It store as a liquid and vaporize upon discharges. The mechanism of FM200 is the heat absorption or reduction of heat.
Why?
The use of clean agent is to protect the equipments and electrical equipments that highly cost of the nuclear fusion research facilities without damaging it during the fire suppression.
Clean agent is efficiently fire suppression as it has a high level of extinguishing which is in 10 seconds or less. Moreover, the clean agent of FM200 is safe and environmental friendly as it is a zero ozone depletion.
Image Courtesy: zodsecurity.com
Diagrammatic show the clean agent FM200 system
150
151
Control Panel
FM200 agents
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Detector
EMERGENCY EXIT
EMERGENCY EXIT
UBBL, By-law 172
(1) Storey exits and access to such exits shall be marked by readily visible signs and shall not be obscured by any decorations, furnishings or other equipment. (2) A sign reading “KELUAR” with an arrow indicating the direction shall be placed in every location where the direction of travel to reach the nearest exit is not immediately apparent.
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
(3) Every exit sign shall have the word “KELUAR” in plainly legible letters not less than 150 millimetres high with the prinicpal strokes of the letters not less than 18 millimetres wide. The lettering shall be in red against a black background. (4) All exit signs shall be illuminated continuously during periods of occupancy. Exit Sign Emergency Light
Example of “KELUAR” sign at exit
Occupancy Hazard II. Institutional 1. Educational Occupancies (iii) Laboratory over 1000 sqm
Extinguishing System
Fire Alarm System
Emergency Lighting
Automatic Fire Detectors System Hose Reel
Manual Electrical Fire Alarm System
152
Signal point units
153 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
[ DIVISION Vb ] Technical Configuration - Structural System
OVERVIEW Structural System Components
1. Exoskeleton: Combination of steel portal frames and braces with each other by the perimeter beam and steel beams 2. Post and Beam: Conventional structure configuration 3. Steel Frame Structure: The steel members are fix at the anchor point
CONCEPTION
The main idea for the building structure is to have a long span free column that able maximizing the space and designing independently inside the building. Therefore, the main structural system proposed is the portal frame that comprises become as an exoskeleton for the main building. The concept of the structure is inspired by the design of the fusion reactor of both magnetic and inertial confinement. The combination of these design inspiration had concluded the exoskeleton that comprises a series of portal frame, connect with each other to transfer loads.
Design of Inertial Confinement
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Design of Magnetic Confinement
The sharp pointed at the tip of portal frame is inspired by the jet laser in inertial confinement reactor
The repetitive of steel portal frames, inspired by the magnet coil in magnetic confinement reactor
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157
9D Geodesic Theater
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Steel Frame Structure that have an anchor point
Gallery Building
Use of steel columns and frames
The construction of wall is using high density reinforced concrete
Fusion Confinement Hall
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM INTEGRATION
Drop-off and Main Lobby
Uses of steel columns and glazing glass
Main Wing Building
Exoskeleton Structure is use at the main wing building
158
RC COLUMN
RC BEAM
RC RAMP
RC SLAB FOR FUSION CONFINEMENT
RC Post and Beam, RC Retaining Wall Structure
Structural System
RC CORE STRUCTURE
RC RETAINING WALL
Parking area Service area
BASEMENT FLOOR
RC PERIMETER BEAM Transfer load from the exoskeleton structure at ground floor
A wall that cover the perimeter of the basement and as transfer load
Core structure that accommodate lift shaft and staircase
STRUCTURAL ASSEMBLY LAYOUT
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
159
Wall of fusion confinement hall is using high density RC to shield from the neutron emission
HIGH DENSITY RC WALL
STEEL FRAME
Act as column for long-span structure
BRICK WALL
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
steel members are connected at anchor point
STEEL FRAME STRUCTURE
The
Steel Portal Frame Exoskeleton, High Density RC Wall
Structural System
GROUND FLOOR
Public area Service area Green Area
GLASS WALL Located at main lobby, double glazing wall is installed
STEEL EXOSKELETON
Steel portal frames are placed in repetition, making it as exoskeleton
STEEL COLUMN
STEEL BEAM
Support the steel portal frames
160
HIGH DENSITY RC WALL
Wall of fusion confinement hall is using high density RC to shield from the neutron emission
The
steel members are connected at anchor point
STEEL FRAME STRUCTURE
METAL DECK ROOF
BRICK WALL
Steel Portal Frame Exoskeleton, High Density RC Wall
Structural System
FIRST FLOOR
Semi-public area Private area
GLASS WALL Located at main lobby, double glazing wall is installed
Steel portal frames are placed in repetition, making it as exoskeleton
STEEL EXOSKELETON
Support the steel portal frames
STEEL BEAM
Support the steel portal frames
STEEL PERIMETER BEAM
SHIELDING GLASS
Glass that act as neutron shielding in fusion confinement hall
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
161
STEEL BEAM
Private area
SECOND FLOOR
GLASS WALL
Located at main lobby, double glazing wall is installed
Steel portal frames are placed in repetition, making it as exoskeleton
STEEL EXOSKELETON
Support the steel portal frames
STEEL PERIMETER BEAM
Support the steel portal frames
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
METAL DECK ROOF
Glass that act as neutron shielding in fusion confinement hall
SHIELDING GLASS
HIGH DENSITY RC WALL
Wall of fusion confinement hall is using high density RC to shield from the neutron emission
Act as column for long-span structure
STEEL FRAME
Steel Portal Frame Exoskeleton, High Density RC Wall
Structural System
162
HIGH DENSITY RC WALL
Wall of fusion confinement hall is using high density RC to shield from the neutron emission
Act as column for long-span structure
STEEL FRAME
Steel Portal Frame Exoskeleton, High Density RC Wall
Structural System
STEEL BEAM
Private area
THIRD FLOOR
Steel portal frames are placed in repetition, making it as exoskeleton
STEEL EXOSKELETON
Support the steel portal frames
STEEL PERIMETER BEAM
Support the steel portal frames
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
FUSION CONFINEMENT HALL SECTION STRUCTURE
High Density Reinforced Concrete
The high density reinforced concrete is a concrete that having density of 6000 to 6400 kg/m3. The thick of wall is 1.5m while the slab thick is about 2.5m in thickness
Hoist Crane
Provided for installing the fusion reactor
Control Room
Neutron Shielding Glass
The glass is manufactured with Hydrogen content and with additive of Boron and Lithium ions
Plaza Area Fusion Confinement Hall
Basement Parking
SECTION X-X
163
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
The activities of fusion research that occur in this area of space are emitting the neutron radiation. Thus, the construction of fusion confinement hall must be confined perfectly and the wall must be thick about 1.5m. The material used for the construction of wall is using high density reinforced concrete as it is the most efficient in neutron shielding. The shielding glass is installed to allow the visual from the outside into the inside of space and in the same time it acts as neutron shielding.
164
EXPLODED STRUCTURE
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165 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimate Energy
[ DIVISION Vc ] Technical Configuration - Integrated Building Services
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM AUTHORITY RELATED:
Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara (SPAN)
MANAGEMENT:
Pengurusan Air Selangor Sdn. Bhd.
RETICULATION SYSTEM USED:
Indirect System (Downfeed/Gravity) Indirect Water Supply System is the reticulation system that the distribution of water into the building is fed by the storage tank except for the fixtures at kitchen that connected to main supply line.
WHY?
The Indirect Water Supply System is used to accommodate the need of sufficient water distribution throughout the building efficiently.
Main Supply Line
Suction Tank water is pump
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
RETICULATION SYSTEM DIAGRAM
Water Meter
Water Tank at Roof
Direct Tap
Indirect Tap
Kitchen
Toilet
Ablution
Irrigation
Cleaning 168
SUCTION TANK LOCATION
4.8m
RWHS TANK
DOMESTIC WATER TANK
Basement Floor
1.2m
1.2
m
m
1.2
FRP Panel Tank Module 1.2m(l) x 1.2m(w) x 1.2m(h) Fibre Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Tank or Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) Tank is the common use for water storage. FRP Panel Tank is a modular system that can be assemble and construct together depends on the required volume. The FRP Panel is generally available in insulated or non-insulated. These tanks could placed at basement, ground, roof and inside the building as well.
FRP Water Tank Unit 1 Unit FRP Tank (1.2m x 1.2m x 1.2m) = 1728L/ 1.728 m3 Nos of FRP Tank Required = 20717/1728 = 12 units Total FRP Tank Provided = 20 units
RWHS Water Tank
Total desired water tank capacity = 30m3 Nos of RWHS Tank Required = 18 units Nos of RWHS Tank Provided = 24 units
169
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
6.0m
TANK PUMP
3.6m
4.8m
DISTRIBUTION DIAGRAM Tank and Pump Location
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Water Tank for distribution is located at roof level
Water Distribution
Water is distributed throughout the fixtures by downfeed/gravity system
Direct Tap
Water is directly tap to the ablution area and kitchen at ground floor
Tank and Pump Location
Suction Tank, RWHS Tank and Pumps are located at basement floor level. Water is pump to the water tank at the roof level for distribution
Main Supply Line
Water supply tap at the main supply line and located at the entrance of the site
170
CALCULATION
BUILDING SERVICES CALCULATIONS WATER GROUND LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3 TOTAL TOTAL REQUIRED
No. of Toilets Female 6 6 4 4 20
Male 6 6 4 4 20
Mixed (OKU) Basin 2 14 2 14 1 9 1 9 6 46 368
Sink
Toilet Fixtures & Water Capacity (L) WC Urinal Shower/Other Fixtures 1 14 12 2 1 14 12 2 1 9 8 1 1 9 8 1 4 46 40 6 80 1840 800
AMOUNT OF WATER CONSUMPTION
3088
TANK REQUIRED
10.29
SUCTION TANK REQUIRED
5.15
Level / Area
Toilet Fixture
Bathrooms and toilets
Consumption Fittings Usage / frequency per day Flow (l) Conventional 5 5.5 Conventional 5 10 Conventional 2 16 Conventional 5 0.25 Conventional 7.2 20 Cleaning Conventional 5 5.5 Conventional 5 10 Conventional 27 10 OTHERS Water used (per week) 45 1250
No./Area
WC Basin Shower Urinal Faucet/Sink
46 46 6 40 4
WC Basin Others
46 46 50
Area / Quantity Litre/m2 1 - Bin Centre Washing 15 3 1 - Carpark washing 25 50 (based on 20% of total no. of car parks provided)
Landscape Water Needs(L)/m² G.CoverArea (m²) 3952.15 0 0 0 0 3952.15
Shrubs Area (m²) 1317 0 0 0 1317.383333
Duration (min) 1.5 0.75 8 per flush 1
Litres /Day 1897.50 1725.00 1536.00 50.00 576.00
1.5 5 5
1897.50 11500.00 1350.00
Water Needs(L)/m²
0
Average water 6.43 178.57
TOTAL AMOUNT OF WATER REQUIRED (l) TOTAL AMOUNT OF WATER REQUIRED (m3) TOTAL AMOUNT THAT CAN BE REPLACED WITH RAIN WATER (m3)
20,717.00 20.72 16.83
Total Area (sqm)
Amount Required (l)
3952.15 1317.38
5967.75 395.22 1249.20 7612.16 7.61 7.61
LANDSCAPE Level Ground
Total Quantity (no.)
Type of plant Turfing Shrubs Trees
30
TOTAL AMOUNT (l) TOTAL AMOUNT (m3) *TOTAL AMOUNT TO BE REPLACED WITH RHW (m3)
*This represents areas that you wish to be irrigated with rain harvested water.
Rain Water Harvesting (RWH) Design *Note Potable water usage for items highlighted in blue can be replaced with rain water. Estimated calculation: Design of RWH Collection: Estimated Calculation Catchment Area
Annual Rainfall in JB
Filter efficiency
(m2) 4837.11
(mm) 2351.00
(%) 0.90
Run-off coefficient (%) 0.90
Total Annual Rainwater Collection (m3/year) 9211.36
Average Daily Rainwater
Total amount of water than can
Collection (m3/day) 25.24
be replaced with RHW (m3/day) 24.44
Proposed RHW Tank Capacity (m3)* 60.00
*Note: The proposed RWH tank capacity need to be cross-checked with the followings: A. Average daily rainwater collection B. Total amount of water that can be replaced with RHW C. Size of tank (must be able to fit into the building)
Catchment Area (m2)
Annual Rainfall in JB(mm)
4837.11
Filter efficiency (%)
2351.00
0.90
The desired RWH tank capacity (m3) =
30
No. of cubic module required (nos.) =
18
Run-off coefficient (%) 0.90
Total Annual Total amount of water than can Rainwater Collection be replaced with RHW (m3/year) (m3/year) 9211.36
24.44
171
Total water consumption required Estimated (m3/year) watersavings (%) 6150.56
149.76
Net harvested rain water (m3) 59.83
Total water consumption required (m3/day) 6150.56
Estimated water savings (%) 1.50
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
FLOOR
RWHS COLLECTION SYSTEM
Catchment of Rainwater
Toilet Flush Collection Point Water is filtrated
Cleaning Water is pump
RWHS Tank
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Irrigation
CATCHMENT AND COLLECTION AREA
Catchment Area
Roof area act as catchment are of rainwater
Collection Area
Artificial pond and water features are act as collection and filtration point before it store in the tank
172
SEWAGE/SANITARY SYSTEM AUTHORITY RELATED:
Jabatan Perkhidmatan Pembentungan (JPP)
MANAGEMENT:
Indah Water Konsortium Sdn. Bhd. (IWK)
SANITARY SYSTEM
Fully Ventilated One Pipe System This type of sanitary system is a many sanitary appliance in ranges. It is because all the trap will have an antisiphon or the vent pipe each. At this point, the vent stack will be connected to the discharge stack near to the bend to remove compressed air. Source: totallysurveyors.wordpress.com
SEWERAGE SYSTEM Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) Converts the sewage into a form which can be safely discharges to the environment, or reused for various compatible purposes. The STP is manage by IWK nationwide. The STP is located at Kajang.
Sanitary Appliances
Waste/ Soil Pipes
Manholes
Main Sewer Pipe
CALCULATION
SPECIAL REQUIREMENT
Population Equivalent 3 per 100 m2 gross floor area Total GFA = 7,333.94 m2 Total PE = (7,333.94/100) x 3 = 220 PE
Laboratory Neutralizing Tank To neutralize the chemical residue before discharge the wastes Location Laboratories (Level 2 and 3)
Source: JPBDDNS
Manhole 1 to Manhole 2 Population Equivalent, PE = 220PE Peak flow factor = 4.7 x (PE / 1000)0.11 = 3.98 l/s Sewage Production at Daily Flow, Qf (Peak flow x PE x 225) / (24 x 60 x 60) = (3.98 x 220 x 225) / (24 x 60 x 60) = 2.28 l/s
Kitchen and Pantry Grease Trap To avoid the clogged in the pipes and to discharge the waste efficiently Location Book Cafe (Ground Floor) Pantry (Level 1,2 and 3)
SEWER MANHOLE Distance = max. 30 m Nos manhole = 8
173
STP (IWK)
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
WASTEWATER FLOW DISCHARGE
DISCHARGE DIAGRAM Vent Pipe
Vent pipe is provided in sanitary pipe to remove the compressed air
Discharge Pipe
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Solid waste is flow through discharge pipe and discharge to the nearest manhole
Manhole
Solid waste is discharge into the manhole from the sanitary appliances MH5
MH6
30m
15m
MH4 30m
MH3 MH7 MH8
30m 30m
MH2
15m
30m
MH1
Main Sewer Pipe
Solid waste is discharge through manhole and will tap to the main sewer pipe to the STP
174
DISPOSAL SYSTEM AUTHORITY RELATED:
Perbadanan Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal dan Pembersihan Awam (PPSPPA)
MANAGEMENT:
KDEB Waste Management Sdn Bhd
PROCESS OF SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL BIN ROOM REQUIREMENT : SPIRAL WASTE BIN SYSTEM WITH REAR BIN LIFTER SYST Bin Centre Length (BCL)
Bin Centre Length (BCL)
D.B Incoming Supply 3 Phase 415V MCB Type C
Treatment
SWB Length
CALCULATION
Main
0.15m³/300m² 0.8m³/300m² 0.15m³/300m² 0.15m³/300m²
Value
Round off Floor Area (m²)
300 300 300 300
2.71 0.39 11.37 0.84
Inlet Door
Scupper Drain
Bin Centre Width (BCW)
1 1 3 1
Panel
Discharge Chute
812.4 118.26 3412.2 252.94
Office Resto&Market Institutional Shop Rear Door
Floor
Est. Waste/Day Trap
MAHA MEKAR SDN BHD
No.Floor
SWB Width
Nett Floor Area per Floor (m²) / No
Inlet Door
TYPE
SPIRAL WASTE BIN
Control REFUSE
Disposal
Roller Shutter
SPIRAL WASTE BIN
Est.Waste Constant Waste Produce/Day (L) (L) Discharge 0.15 Chute 0.41 0.8 0.32 0.15 1.71 Main 0.15 0.13 Control
TOTAL WASTE (L)
2.55
Panel
Frequency
2
5.11
BIN LIFTER *Proposed for 1x 6.3m³ with dimension of 3095x2220mm, leading to Refuse Chamber of size 5500x4150x4550(h)mm Reference: Garis Panduan Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Bangunan Baru, PPSPPA SYSTEM Hotel & Office floor *minimum 2x240L MGB for each Institutional, Reference : Garis Panduan Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Bangunan Baru, PPSPPA
2 Tap BIN TYPE OF WASTE Points
Floor Trap
ELECTRICAL
Heavy Duty Homog. Tiles Chamber Room Size Proposed of Disposal System and Refuse Est. Supply / 1ft² (Watts) Total Supply (Watts) Total Supply (MW) Total Area (m²) Total Area(ft²) 1 ELECTRICAL x LOAD 6.3m3 with dimension of 3095 x 2220 mm, leading to refuse chamber size 5500(w) x 4150(l) x 4550(h) mm GENSET & MSB ROOM SIZE
1,000.00 78,941.80 SPIRAL WASTE BIN SYSTEM
7,333.94
0.79
789,417.97
10 7,333.94 78,941.80 Est. Room Size (m²) Total Area (m²) Total Area(ft²) BIN SPECIFICATIONS SPIRAL WASTE
Room
(Room Size) x (2)
7.33
15
Room Dimension REAR BIN (m) LIFTER
SYSTEM
BIN ROOM REQU
Roller Shutter 3.83 BIN ROOM DIMENSION (MIN)
Model
Volume
Length
Width
Height
Type
Height / Width
BCL
BCW
BCH
SWB-4
4.4 m3
3095
2220
2745
Single Screw System
4000 / 3700
5500
4150
4150
SWB-6
6.3 m3
3095
2220
3145
Single Screw System
4000 / 3700
5500
4150
4550
SWB-8
8.2 m3
3595
2220
3045
Single Screw System
4000 / 3700
6000
4150
4450
SWB-10
10.2 m3
3595
2220
3395
Single Screw System
4000 / 3700
6000
4150
4800
SWB-12
12.1 m3
3595
2220
3745
Single Screw System
4000 / 3700
6000
4150
5150
SWB-14S
14.1 m3
3595
2220
3945
Single Screw System
4000 / 3700
6000
4150
5350
SWB-14D
14.5 m3
5125
2220
2945
Double Screw System
4000 / 3700
7650
4150
4350
SWB-16D
16.4 m3
5125
2220
3145
Double Screw System
4000 / 3700
7650
4150
4550
SWB-18D
18.8 m3
5125
2220
3395
Double Screw System
4000 / 3700
7650
4150
4800
SWB-20D
20.6 m3
5125
2220
3595
Double Screw System
4000 / 3700
7650
4150
5000
SWB-22D
22.1 m3
5125
2220
3745
Double Screw System
4000 / 3700
7650
4150
5150
SWB-24D
24.1 m3
5125
2220
3945
Double Screw System
4000 / 3700
7650
4150
5350
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
3 Phase Isolator 32Amp
Transport
Roller Shutter
Bin Lifter Control Panel
Collection
(a) Minimum Bin R on the Left (Equ
(b) Provision of 3-P Through 32A Iso
(c) Provision of Wa Tap Points Loca
(d) Provision of a m in the Bin Room
SWB Syste
MAH
Tel (03) 7
Please send enq
Reference: mahamekar.com
Bin Centre Width (BCW)
Bin Centre Length (BCL)
Roller Shutter
Scupper Drain D.B Incoming 4.15 m Supply 3
Discharge Chute
Floor Trap
Phase 415V MCB Type C
Bin Lifter Control Panel
Main Control Panel
SWB Length
Bin Centre Length (BCL)
3 Phase Isolator 32Amp
SPIRAL WASTE BIN
5.5 m Floor Trap
Main Control Panel
Inlet Door
MAHA MEKAR SDN BHD
SWB Width Heavy Duty Homog. Tiles
Chemical Waster/ Radioactive Waste Roller Management Shutter Store in designated tank before it WASTE collectedSPIRAL by waste Side Door BIN managem ent company to be Discharge transport to the Chute GROUND FLOOR PLAN designated area Bin Lifter
BIN LIFTER SYSTEM
175 2 Tap Points
Control Panel
Inlet Door
BIN LIFTER SYSTEM
176
KDEBWM will collect the waste occasionally based on their schedule. Then, it will transport to the disposal or recycling centre.
Access and Location
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
REFUSE
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM TYPE
Office
Nett Floor Area per Floor (m²) / No 812.4
AUTHORITY RELATED: Resto&Market 118.26 Suruhanjaya Tenaga Institutional 3412.2(ST) Shop
252.94
MANAGEMENT:
No.Floor
Est. Waste/Day
Value
Round off Floor Area (m²)
Est.Waste Constant (L)
Waste Produce/Day (L)
1 1 3 1
0.15m³/300m² 0.8m³/300m² 0.15m³/300m² 0.15m³/300m²
300 300 300 300
2.71 0.39 11.37 0.84
0.15 0.8 0.15 0.15
0.41 0.32 1.71 0.13
TOTAL WASTE (L)
Tenaga (TNB) *ProposedNasional for 1x 6.3m³Berhad with dimension of 3095x2220mm, leading to Refuse Chamber of size 5500x4150x4550(h)mm
2.55
5
*minimum 2x240L MGB for each Institutional, Hotel & Office floor
ELECTRICAL LOAD CALCULATION
Reference : Garis Panduan Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Bangunan Baru, PPSPPA
ELECTRICAL ELECTRICAL LOAD GENSET & MSB ROOM SIZE
Total Area (m²)
Total Area(ft²)
Est. Supply / 1ft² (Watts)
Total Supply (Watts)
7,333.94 Total Area (m²)
78,941.80 Total Area(ft²)
10 Est. Room Size (m²)
789,417.97 Room
(Room Size) x (2)
Room Dimension (m)
7,333.94
78,941.80
1,000.00
7.33
15
3.83
Total Supply (MW)
0.79
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
PROVISION REQUIRED
Electrical Supply Room Provision
The electrical rooms provision is attached to the building and located at the services area with service accessible
Electrical Room Area Provision Components TNB Substation Meter Room Switchgear Room Transformer Room 1 Transformer Room 2 Genset Room MSB Room
Required (m²)
28.5 17.1 15 15
Provided (m ² ) 18 30 28 29 33 48
177
Fre
178
6
2
6 MSB/SSB Room
5 Genset Room
4 Transformer Room 2
3 Transformer Room 1
2 Meter Room
1 Switchgear Room
System Components:
1
TNB Main Supply
Meter Room
4
Electrical Supply Flow
3
5
Genset
TNB Substation
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
MSB/SSB Room
Distribution Board
Electrical Appliances
179
SUBSTATION PROVISION AND ACCESSIBILITY
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
DISTRIBUTION DIAGRAM
Electrical Supply
Electrical is supplied from DB to the electric appliances
TNB Substation
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Main power supply connected to substation
MSB Room
Distribute electrical line to the Distribution Board (DB)
Distribution Board
Distribute electrical line throughout the building
Main Supply
Tapping from the TNB main supply to the feeder pillar at the TNB Substation
180
ENERGY EFFICIENT STRATEGIES Maglev Technology Magnetic Levitation (Maglev) Technology is widely use in transportation purpose. The principle of Maglev is to reduce the friction that able to move and travel in more efficient way and less energy consumption. Location Application 9D Geodesic Theater Maglev System is used in this theater to allow the freely movement and making the sphere looks floating Advantages
Eco-friendly
Low energy consumption
Low noise pollution
Control Room
Where the maglev system is controlled and monitored by the operator
Magnetic Devices
Two sets of magnet are place between each other with same polar, thus make it repel each other
181
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Efficient
AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM
AND
VENTILATION
SUPPLIER/BRAND:
Smartech Industries Sdn. Bhd.
SYSTEM Water Cooled Chiller System Water Cooled Chiller System is a chiller that use water as a medium to distribute cooling energy throughout the building. Water Cooled Chiller System require cooling tower to remove unwanted heat into the air. It is highly efficient and suitable with the climate that have abundant of water. This system can be control by the Building Automation System (BAS) to monitor the air-conditioner usage in the building.
CALCULATION
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Preliminary Maximum Electrical Power The maximum demand is in watt per sqft as per JKR Electrical Guideline Type of Load: 1. Lighting and power supply outlet = 0.9 W/sqft 2. Air-conditioning and ventilation = 4.7 W/sqft 3. Equipment and future load gravity = 20% of above Estimated AC and Ventilation Loading Maximum Demand (Watt/sqft) = 4.7 W GFA = 7,333.94 sqm (78,941.80 sqft) Loading Capacity = 78,941.80 sqft X 4.7W = 371,026.46 W (371kW)
Floor
Tenant
Ground Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
INSTITUTION INSTITUTION INSTITUTION INSTITUTION
FERDEC Total Area (sqm) 2,500.3 1,484.1 1,278.7 1,070.9 6,333.9
COOLING ENERGY FLOW SYSTEM Cooling Tower
Condenser Pump
Water Chiller
Chiller Pump
AHU
A/C Unit
182
AHU Required Area (sqm) 75.0 44.5 38.4 32.1 190.0
AHU Provided Area (sqm) 65.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 206.0
DISTRIBUTION DIAGRAM AHU Room
Cooling Tower
The unwanted heat in the water cycle will be release through cooling tower
Air-Conditioned Area Mechanical Ventilated Area
Location Second level roof top
Natural Ventilated Area
Distribution
Cooling air is blow up form the A/C units
1 2
3
Chiller Room
4
The condenser is stored and placed in this room
Exhaust Fan Room
Control the air flow at basement level with mechanical ventilation fan
183
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
AHU Room
Distribute the cooling energy to the A/C units in the building.
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
AHU ROOM PROVISION
1
AHU Room 1
2
AHU Room 2
33 m2
14 m2
4 3
AHU Room 3 18 m2
184
Chiller Room 50 m2
TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM AUTHORITY RELATED:
Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (SKMM)
MANAGEMENT:
Telekom Malaysia (TM)
SYSTEM Distribution All telecommunication system must be approved by MCMC and will be tap from the main telecommunication line provided nearby the site. The significance of telecommunication system in the building is to provide communication system for the users in the building either telephone line, internet or server
COMPONENTS 1. MDF Room
2. PABX Room PABX Room is the Private Automatic Branch that connect the internal lines and controlled by the operator 3. Tel Riser 4. Internal Distribution Frame (IDF)
Telecom Supply Flow Telephone TM Main Supply
MDF Room
PABX Room
Tel Riser
IDF
WiFi Server
Direct Line
ROOM PROVISIONS
MDF ROOM 27 m2
SERVER ROOM
PABX ROOM 29 m2
20 m2
LOCATION Ground Floor
185
DATA PROCESSING ROOM 20 m2
LOCATION First Floor
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
MDF Room is the main distribution from the main telecom line to: a. Direct Line - to the general main areas (wifi and server) b. Internal Line - will through PABX Room that controlled by operator (internal telephone line)
DISTRIBUTION DIAGRAM
Server and Data Room
Main server and data processing room for fusion research
Distribution
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
IDF is located at every floor for the line distribution
MDF and PABX Room
Connect the telecom lines throughout the building
Direct Line
Telecom direct line connect to general areas
TM Main Supply
Telecom main supply is tap through the optic fiber cable nearby the site
186
MECHANICAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM SUPPLIER/BRAND:
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
SYSTEM
Machine-Room-Less (MRL) Traction Elevator Why? 1. Eliminate the space of motor room, thus could reduce the space 2. More viable with the building that only have 4 storeys 3. To meet the universal accessibility consideration
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Proposed Elevator System: Diamond Trac Mitsubishi - Reusing energy: Regenerative Converter - Reduced Torque Ripple - High Speed Computer Processor - High Efficient - Advanced Control Door - More Architectural Freedom - Machine Room Space Savings
CALCULATION Total NOS Required: 1 Total NOS Provided: 7 HANDLING CAPACITY handling capacity (HC)= 300p / I (interval)
Elevator capacity (lb)
Maximum passenger capacity
2000
12
Normal passenger load per trip* (p) 10
HCP
facility
% of population to be carried in 5 mins Office buildings Perimeter
12
Estimate population for estimating elevator and escalator requirements Nett Floor Area
=
Estimated population
= = =
5594.04 sqm 60214.247 sqft 1 Person/10 sqm 559.404 559
LIFT SELECTION CRITERIA Interval + average time -interval -average lobby wait time
30 15
Handling Capacity (HC) -pax capacity (max) 12-28 -normal load/trip (p) 10-22
12 10
sec
pax
5 min std handling cap (HC)=300p /I p =car loading (pax/car) I = interval (sec)
Percentage Handling Capacity (PHC) -min % buildg popn in 5 mins.(10-15) where the population of building is =
30
13
%
559
Travel time (lobby wait+travel time to median flr stop)
Calculation no of pax per trip p =POP x HCP/(300/I ) No of LIFTS
7.272 0.7 or > =
7.272252 pax/trip 1
187
72.7 pax/5 min
DISTRIBUTION DIAGRAM
1 Passengers Lift 2 Glass Lift 3 Service Lift 1
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
4 Service Lift 2
4 2
3
1
Service Lift
To transport goods in vertical and segregate with the passenger lift
Passenger Lift
To transport users from basement to the topmost floor level for public and private users
188
LOCATION AND DIMENSIONS Passengers Lift
24 50
00
1
6050 mm
m
m
Location: Main Lobby NOS: 2
2
Location: Private Lobby NOS: 3
Service Lift
3000 mm
Transport goods and utility services
2500 m
3000 m
m
m
2500 mm
3
Location: Book Cafe NOS: 1
4
Location: Service Lobby NOS: 1
189
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
m
40
2500 mm
m
Transport building users
[ DIVISION VI ] Special Study - Magnetic Levitation (Maglev) System
Magnetiv Levitation (Maglev) System CONCEPTION
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Magnetic levitation, also known as maglev is used in a similar way to levitate objects in air by using magnetic field. The magnetic force is used to counteract the gravitational force. This will caused the things look floating. Currently, maglev system is widely use for the public transportation known as maglev train. However, this system could be introduce to levitate a small building with adequate magnetic power, thus could impose a new definition of architectural structure in future.
Why Maglev? Efficient
Eco-friendly
Because there is less friction occurs, it can move more efficient
Maglev system does not emit any carbon footprint to the environment
Low Energy Consumption
Low Noise Pollution
Maglev system can reduce about 30% of energy consumption other than conventional system
It runs in quiet environment, does not contribute on noise pollution
192
How it works?
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
Installation of electromagnetic device at both support structures and spherical structure. It will create a floating sphere and can move freely.
The maglev system is control by the operator during the operation of the 9D Theater.
193
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimate Energy
Section of 9D Geodesic Theater
194
195 DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimate Energy
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DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
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Interview + Study Visit Dr Siti A’iasiah bte Hashim Senior Director Agensi Nuklear Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor Friday, 12 April 2019
DASAD Design Lab | Fusion - The Ultimatum Energy
The interview session and study visit had been conducted at the Agensi Nuklear Malaysia HQ (ANM) to acquire more information about the fusion energy concept and technical requirement from the professional, Dr Siti A’iasiah as Senior Director at ANM.
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Special thanks to: Supervisor Pn Sharifah Asmah Tuan Mat Studio Leader Pn Sharifah Asmah Tuan Mat Ar Puteri Mayang Bahjah Zaharin Critique Panels En Hailane Salam Dr Bakar Abd. Raub My Eternal Love Abah Ummi Idad Chuad Ain Inah DASAD Members Zack, Tajul, Ajiq, Along, Aslah, Merang, Mamat, Nabil, Zamir, Pojang, Paih, Iqa, Waaz, Sheken, Sol, Faris, Della, Arep, Awok, Zati, Bella, Hani, Andy, Hana, Rose, Chami, Raja, Dudi, Megat, Wana, Shaza, Hairil, Akmal, Paan, Khalis, Azalea, Syuha Other Members Dr Siti A’iasiah, Bad, Manal, Farah, Farhana
