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BRIEF

NovemN f 1993

·_1. . __ . . . . ·

Volum. 54, Number 6

ON THE COVER:

"".t..

Ca lm sj lhou.n .. f.11 foli.g. on 0 I. k•• t O.k Mount.in Stat. Pork .•outh of Binn; nglwn, Alobomo.. l'IIoto bg &td> Gu~, M""tl1""""Y

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--------- -~-

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R""~h,Judg«Dal~~t

......... ......... ........................367

WOllltn ,,, LII" Bv!.uk TQ'/M ............ .

. ........ .313

An Old Traolitlon with • Ntw IIIlulon: The Ammean IIUlI of Court ." ..... " ........ ...... " ...... ......... ................................31!]

Bg Justier Hugh Maddw: ,___

An Overvl.w of the Ap,lleaUon of the Famll$ lUI" Medical Lea.. Act of

1993 to Employee. of Pr{Yate EmpiOytn BgMa'kSlmlglh" ..............

_______ ..... " ..........390

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..................... ..... 369

Ho.... to Ayold MeLE Problem,

.. .................... .•... 405

I'rtoidtni"s p>gt.................... E=ut ivo Dir.do~. Report.

.....3504

...357 Young uwyo,,' Se<tion....... ....358 Bar Britfs..... ..... .359 Alx>ut Members. """"'" Firms.... ...361 Buildin;l Fund 110110' Roll .... ........ ....361 Buildi ng Alabama', Courthouon. ..364 Riding tho Cirruits ............... ...... ........ .. ..3n Opin""" of Iht. C<,..r. l eou ....1. ...379

CLE Opportunili........

....... .•.... 387 ...... 392

Auguot Admin...

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AlAIU.\IA STATE IlAM HEA!)QUAltTE RS STAFF 4150..,,, A..., .... /oIont..,.".,.,.. AI. 361(101 12051269.1515 ' ~'AX_ (2051 201·6310 _ _ _ _ _ ._0.;,.;. ...._ Eua.cM "'"".. _______ T. _ . CAt t:..tw.. _ _ ____ .__ .............. _.. ~

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352 { NOVEMBER 1993

THE AlABAMA L.a.WYER

PRESIDENT'S PAGE

Stoles Supreme Court Building, Washington. D.C. Our nil/ion's legal profession has traditional/v suppOrted I"" posit«", 100/ its mmlber$ have Q special duly and obiigalirm /0

ami have generaled healed debate Ihroughoollhe organized /lar rwtionallg and at the slole and local levels as well.

tl'lSure "equal jusl~ umier low · for 01/ cili:rens wilhoul r<K}<1r'd

Ai a point of fact. few states hal)(' odQpled nwndalory pro

to lheir rmlllldal circumstan=. Priuale bar projects for vol·

bono plans 01 anj/ nalurr. mId nO state has adapted rules

unteer pro bono legal sen;ic<>J in civil moilers haw existed in

requiring lauW'S 10 participale in pro bono acli.·illes as a c0n-

this country since

dition oIlict!J'lSure ondlor subjecllo disciplinarg sanelions.

I"" /Jegirming ofthe 2()th amlu'1l. Howwer,

with the odwnl in the 19705 <ITId 198fu of federol/g fumkrJ

Acrording to informalion compiled bg the Amnir:an &r kso-

Ugil/ Services am! its notional networ/( of free «/lomell' for

ciation Pro Bono emler. West Virginia mag soon become onlg

indigents. lhe rale of growth of bar~rganized pro bono

pr0-

lhe eighth stale 10 consider mandatory pro bono, joining Ari-

grams $lowed drama/ica/Iv. Since that lime. lhe commitment

zona. eon,H!dirnl. Hau.'C1i,: Maryland. New York. North Dairrr

hI! members of our professi"" /Q pro bono work has been

10. and Texas. The Florida Supreme Courl hos ,eeomllil

incrnuistenl. 01 MI. u'ith SO"", allomells gi.'tng genRNJll$IlI of

appro/Jed 0 ro/untary pro bono plan submitted bJi

their limti! Imil skills to ""lp Ihe less for/WUlfe among w and

Bar Ihal includes a mandatory annual repOrting fl!Quirement.

m<mll 01""," tnlirnly disrPgarding their special responsibilitV

Texas and Kenludcg hove similof repOrting mandates.

F70rida

T'Iw debate on IhiJ issue continues. and ithooghl !/QU might

(al""poor. This eke/hilt in private bar parlicipalion in pro bono activit!l

be interested in 0 brief lJt'<!1View of argumrnls an both silks. as

the number of individuals Ii<'ing below Ihe

we are sure 10 bIl caughl up in natiOlw/ debales OIIlhis impOr'

hos Qlxumld

OJ"

pooerlV telJf11 in this country has increas<!d. During lhe pteJl derode,

numlx!r of slole bor

latlt mailer throughout the 199Qs.

anodalio"s. including Ihe

Alalwml1 Siale Bar. conducled legal needs SUn/ellS oIfOliJ inca"", cilluns. These sum>j/s rl!l.'e(Jled that. despite federol efforls and exisJing privole bar iniliali!-"", 10 """UTe minimum

to the legal Sj/stem. the legal needs of the poor remain

wrgelj/l11>rrWt bJi Pl'i'lirnt dellioerj/ sj/$tem.s. Nalional de6ale in our professif", iJ focming once again on soMng this dilemma 10 Ireep oor judicial svstem open 10 al!. In recent j/ears. manj/ al/omej/s around Ihe CQW1lry haw

concluded thai CI1IIverting our voluntary dulj/to render pro bono serviaJS to a mandatory one is lhe means of choiCO' 10 ensure paJ!

legal seroi= for those in nRed bul umJbIe 10

for lhem. Q)mpelling argumenls, which will bIl discussed

brief/j/ in this article. exist on both sides of thiJ imporlanll$we 354 1NOVE~' BER 1993

1"'1

M_ "d_to ry Pro 8o"o--No

rgumento; against making the duty to provide pro bono services mandatory tend to fall into at least three broad categories: the purported unconstitu· tionality of mandatory pro bono: the objtctioru to impOSition of such a duty upon lawy.., alone and not other licensed trades Or professions; and the anticipated admini,trative and functional problems of implementing and efrecti""ly lTWIaging a mandatory system. Those who believe mandatory pro bono to be ur.:onstitution· aI include. briefly 5tated. 1M fol\o><'ing objections in their argu· menl£ OJ mandatory pro bono involws ill\lQluntary servitude precluded under the Thirt«nth Amend"",nt of the Constitu· tion; (2) mandatory pro bono ,.5ull5 in denial of equal protec· tion under the Fifth and Fourteenth amendments; (3) mandatory pro bono is a taking of property without just com· pensation under the Fifth and Fourt«nth am.ndmenl5; and (4) •

,HE AI.ABA."1A LAWVER

mandatory pro bono is an interferenco with fr~e speech and nitia for personal growth. good legal experience and client con· right to association under the First Amend"",nt tact, and a "~lcome clunge 0( pace to everyday practice. Although much has been written in law reviews. journals and In addition to argumenti based on need and priociple. thoM related materials on this subject. as of )Itt no court has held any who fa\>Or mandatory pro bono point out that widespread. publi· mandatory pro bono propo»al to be violative of any lawyer's con· cized pro bono . ervice would greatly enhance the much stitutional rights. For thost who would like to review an in· maligned image 0( OUr profession. Some even believe that if the depth analysis of these various constitutional argummti as they bar fails to impose this duty upon itself. lay persons, concerned Tl'lat. to mandatory pro bono. Mallard~. Uniled S/(lla Dislriel oYer the cum>nt business·lik. nature of law practi«. may "",II c.,urt (or the Southem Distriet of fl)l1J(J. attempt to impose this duty upon us 490 U.S. 296 (1939). might prove instruc· through the courts and legislaturn, tive. resulting in a diminution of OUr right to Regarding the swmd broad category 0( $i'lf.~gulation. argument against mandatory pro bono, Opp(lr>enti believe that p(I'IIrrty and atten· dant legal problems of the pOOr are the AI.'"' .... '. An.wer-Th. Tl'sult of broad·based societal ills. Accord· Vol ..nt. .~ ~wy.r. Program ingly. the nation collect i'·ely. through As Alabama attorneys. "'" haw. and may government. should have tho duty to probe proud 01, a longstanding commitment ~ide appropriate legal se",ices to indio to voluntarily providing pro bono legal ser· g.nts, rather than placing such a duty vi«s. In 1854. Judge George Sharswood, upon the private bar alone. writing what was to become the Pinally. many attorneys oppo,"d to antecedent for the Code 01 Ethics adopted mandatory pro bono point out that such by our state bar in 1887. statro as follOW$: plans and programs require the creation , . . TheTl' are many cases. in of a huge bureaucracy to administer which it "ill be It he lawyer'sl them . provide accurate record · keeping Spud Seale duty. perhaps more properly systems and monitor compliance, all of his privile~. to work for noth· which require additional funds. Punction· ing. It is to be hoped. th.l.t tt.. al difficul t ies al$O .xilt. For example, time will n .... r come, at this or any other Bar in unwilling lawyers, forad to acc<"p\ indig.nt clients. haw insuffi. this country. when I poor man with an honest cient incentiws to serve such clienti "",II. Further. most pri. cause, though without a fee , cannot obtain the "". "ate practitioners haw little e>q>ertise in handling problems of vices of honorable counsel. in the prosecution or typical pro bono clients. TheTl'foTl' . mandatory pro bono prodefen« (.ic~ 01 his rights. C. Sharswood. An Essay motes incompetence and malpractico dairm. ThU$. substantial on f'rof=iot!Qf Ethics. 5th Editi<;Jn, 1907, p. IS\. funding would be needed to provide adequate training and supJudge Sharswood's sentiments ""'re ca rried forward in our port for such Tl'luclant and/or unskilled participants. origiml Cod. 01 Ethics 1887 in Section 4.8 which states that a "client's abil i~ to pay can never justify a charge for more than the service ;s worth; though his PlWerty may require a I... ~nclatory Pro Bon_Y •• charge in many instances, and $Omdimes none at aiL" Of At Inst three common themes run through arguments of course "'" aTl' all familiar with Rule 6.1 of our prestnt Rules of thosoe who fa"or man<1ltory pro bono. The first, and most often Professional Conduct which provides. in part. that a lawy\'r cited. is the extent to which the nee<b for legal servic.. among "should render public interest legal $i'rvice" and that • 1""'Y"r indigents are unme! by present delivery s}'Stems. The conclu· "may dischar~ this responsibili~ by providing professional ser· sion of these altorneys is that mandatory pro bono is a viable vices at no fee Or a reduced fee to persons 0( limited means Or to way for beginning to meet thost needs. At the very Ius\. public $i'rvi« or charitable group< or organizations." ThU$. it is mandatory pro bono w<lu ld free up resources within the Ltgal dear that our ethical roots in Alabama are entwin.d "";th the Services communi~ of lawyers which then could be used to fur· public interest. selVico to our community and concern for the less fortunate among us. ther increase access for the poor. A second tt.."", in ...... t pro-mandatory a'llumenti is a gener. H""""",r, folkMing an analysis of the 1989 ugal Nee<b Sur. al concern over the public's per«ption that professionali,m vey commissioned by the board of bar commissioners, many among laWytTS is declining and that the practice of law has attorneys in Alabama weTI' surpristd to learn that only about 2(1 become too tornJnercialized and bU$iness-ori<mted. These altor· percent of the dvillegal needs of our pOOrer citizens ~TI' being neys believe that we need to reaffirm oor commitment to law as met by p~nt dtlivery systerns. During the bar presidency <:If a noble. caring profession with public $i'rvico as iti heart and Judge W. Harold Albritton. Ill , the Committe. on Access to 50111. Further. "'" hold a monopoly on the provision of legal ser· I.egal Services of the Alabama State Bar succossfully proposed vices; pro bono servico is the quid pro quQ for our having such and established a stat....,;d •. state·bar·level pro bono program-statU$. Besides. pro bono work is simply good for the "profes· the Alabama State Bar Volunteer i.lwyeTS Program-through sional 50111." It provides a g.-.,at d.a.t of self·satisfaction, opportu· which attorneys could volunteer their s"rvice. to m.et the THt: ALABAMA UlWYER

NOVEMBER 1993 / 355

needs of IO'W income persom; in thei r communities. Melinda Waters. a member of the Alabama SUt. Bar. was hired in 1991 as futl·time attorney/director of th~ project which is now housed in the new SUt. bar headQuartm building. In June 1991, the board of bar commissioners unanimously passed a resolution encouraging ~ach regular member of the Alabama SUte Bar to voluntarily ac«pI not less than two civil case refemls, or 21) hours of legal work. whichever comes first. from an organized pro bono project. Special members ~re also t rn:ouraged to volunteer not less than 20 hou rs to a pro bono effort. Under this ruolution. quali fying legal work irn:ludes not only dirK! represtntalion of indigent dients. bul also ~lVing on I/OYtming or managing boards '" committees of organi... lions wt-oo..: main pu"","", is .... isling the poor. rttruil· ing for a pro bono program. selVing as an inslructor al a pOVerty law seminar. mentoring another volunt«r aUoml'jl. performing inuke al a Legal Services office, Or assisling with an "advic~ onl}o" clinic for the poor. Since the iniH,,1ion of the Volunte~r La",";'ers Program at the 1991 Annual Convention. dose to 1.5()() private atto~ have participated in organized pro bono inilialives. The tocat bar iISSOCiations of Mobite. Montgomery, Tuscaloosa and Huntsville have projms whith were developed prior to the state bar program. and attorneys in these cities may be proud of their COIl-

tinuing commitment to equal acceu 10 lhe judicial sy>tfm. As of this writing. attorney,; in Birmingham and close to 40 other coontiu have also joined in the pro bono effort and we hope 10 have volunteers in all 67 counties by the end of my presidency. I hope every lawyer in Alabama shares my concem about the provision of legal se rvices to a1\ citi..,m; in Alabama. In thi s connection, I enCO\lra~ you to join uS in the Volunteer Lawyers Program. Melinda Watm handles all administrative details of certifying income eligibility for these potential dients and wor" closely with [..,gal Servkes attorneys throughoul the state to ~m;u .. that oor services are being donated to the truly rJeedy among us. Only cases in an area of law se lected by you will be referred to}'Ou through the project. Very little paper· 'oVOrk is involved. and malpractice coverage can be provi<lt<l at no extra cost to you for all work performed on a case referred by the program. Yoo may even join and re«ive credit for work you are already performing for charitable organizations or indigent clients. If you art inttrested in this most worthwhile bar-sponsored ~ort to eXP/lnd pro bono legal Strvim in civil. non·fet_~neral. ing cases. contact Mllinda at the Alabama Slatt Bar. (2051 269·1515,1'.0. Box 671, Montgomery. 36101. She will be pleased to am"''!r any questions you may have or to provide you ",i th further information. •

Notice

The Univers ity of Alabama 5<:hool of law invites nomin~tion~ and applic~tion~ for the position of de~n of the school of law. The dea n serves as the chief academic and admin istrat ive office< of the I~w school. The dean has academic rank as professor of law. The school of law has approximately 500 students and 25 members of the full -time faculty and clinical staff. The law schoo l has a long history of seNice to the people of Alabama and a commitment to national prominence. It is the only state-supponed law school in Alabama. The law school re<:eives additional support from its own S 14 million endowment and an annual giving po-ogram. All candidates must possess the following qualifications: the J.D. or LL.B. degree from an A8A-accreditoo law sc hool, and a record of teach ing. research, p<Jb lic service, experience in practice, or judicial service appropriate for appointment as a tenured profes5or in the law school. Experience in academic administration is desirable, but not necessary. Although the position w ill remai n open unt il filled, the evaluation of nominations and appl ications will begin December I, 1993. The successful candidate wi ll be e xpected to assume the pos ition on July I , 1994 or shortly thereafter. Nominations and applications should be sent to Professor James D. 8ryce, chair, Dean Search Committee, University of Alabama School of Law, Box 870382, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35467. The University of Alalwna;s an Equal Oworlunity Affirmative Action Employer.

356 / NOVEMS ER 1993

THE ALABAMA LAWYER

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR'S REPORT BEFORE THE WHEELS COME OFF'-

Ii il

hue is seldom a day that I 00 not Me iUl article or h~u about the difficulties that It rus andlor d~~lld~n()' prooleml are rupilli within Ou r profusion. [ do not ha~ to look beyond our own MWS aMrall' or lilt Clim! S«urity Fund cli.ill'l$ in OUT ht.icIquirtu'5. lWo f«tnl incidtnll haw aUK<! .... 10 wondtr. "Why didn't ~ friends lnd associitts who rudily KI<nowkd~ ~i r lWlm>e5S

of probkms do 1O!TIt .

thing btfore the .....t.H1s Qmt olfr' 11w Birmingham Iw lIivm subst.intw CIJYe' lit 10 tht I"'~l difficultiu of I fo~r ju~. The art icles toot,)in com"",nll of rourt~ associ . ates an d laWyers dtsc ribing conduct that I t timn seemed so extraord inary that it would be hard to view

',ews

iIS olher than a cry for help, The judicials)'Sttm wd Iht profu· lion have 10 appear somewhat Mgligen! or indifferent 10 thosot who rud Iht COYtragf without IllY perlonal familiari ty wlilt the individtWs irMllvtd. I haw been ",ked mo rt IlIln " ftw timn. "llow could Iht boT Itt

lueh a p,at ltrn of conduct go uroc:htcked?" II is of little com· fort thai the only ;urn..'t1" I ~ was Iht Judid~1 InQuiry Commiuion. and not tht b.lar. would ha~ bun the pr~r fGru m 10 addren ju dicial conduc t. The re~1 I ragedy I Ht i~ t hat wi th n , ly inttNe ntion. the current si t uation. il il hGped. CGuid ha~

been 1VGidW.

Tht rn.tie, is runninll on the nllmMr ind lhe amount of likely cLlims imolviTllil" ~, who hu b.. n pt.ad diwbilily Wlpenlion. Cllmnl cl.lims total $17.065 with known claims of I lust anothot, SIO.OOO in the system. The mujmum IITlY one ind"idual an Tt«M is SIO.OOO mil I limittd ~~~te of$2O.000 is al l the CI~nt S«uril)' FUnd will PolY on behalf Gl on. ~r.

on"

THf. I\l.o\BA."1A

~WYER

M e~rs of lhe local bar we~ ,WIU Gf dependency prob lems lon g be/GTe the IUlpemiGn acliGn was taken and a t ' UlltU appointed tG minimiu further dlonuge IG clients. Appanntly pllns tG I " anlle ~ "support IIrGup" tG enCGIJ'lie 1M " IIGrney IG lIet help for hi","lf lind in his prxtice nt'ItT nulerial · iztd btca...., of Iht CGIICt"'" 01 "ruinini" kIng.tmn ~blionships.

Even "flu the "UGrney WII hGlpitlliled. Ihe truslH OlppOintmmt PI'O«IS _ deliytd btcauw 01 CGIICtms fGf f"mily mol ptrson.t.l ~bliGruhips h.!.Yinll ~ imp;w:t on Iht Ippoinli11ll IUlhGrity. Ullimllitly. ~ Jptd.l"ppointmenl was mad. 10 ,II()W the procus tG conlinue. Again. CGUrageoos action u,ly on when an obvioo, problem uisltd could ha~ minimiztd lhe cumnl and uealatinll problem for the law)'tTl and Ihe prof~ioo.

The b.lar an Gnly dG so much Gn ill GWf1 inil iati~. A mechan ..... il in pLke tG allow lkilltd inlemMa IG Ins'rtr I call for help withGul lubjecling Ihe allGrnt)' in I rGuble IG di.d_ plinary actlGn fGf Heking help where Ihe circumsl,ncu were olherwise un known IG th e Tuponli bl. l'fI , tiu wil h in the professional ruponsib ilitya~na. I know how difficu ll il il tG ronfront I friend or re~li~ with " bellavio,.,,1 (\1' d/:ptn<kFlC)l problem. [ ha~ dGne bGth I t Iht risk of per"ll"WWnlly endiTllilIonl/-lerm frien<bhips. [ ~ wry &bod I did. bK3ustc in \.hos.t instancu. Iht friendships I~ inlXt and thE individwls "re fu umoYtd from Ihtir lroubled cGndi t iolU exisiti ng when I decided-.llibeil ulllCti!'lliy---tG ~I involwd. II it not easy 10 be "one·, bro4.htr'1 k«per," but 1 1m convi nced it is belter 10 Iry thIn wilntll the hawc ......hen the wll«ll dG CGmt off." •

NOVENB ER 1993 1357

YOUNG LAWYERS' SECTION By Les Hayes /fI, president

ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES WATCH OUT FOR DISTRACTIONS!

II II

'm , ining in my office On a

beautiful, sunny Sunday afte,noon. Thi, .rticl e ;. due !OrnOrr<'M. Our second child i, due any day, our two-year-old is sick and IV. got a rotten cold. To make mailers WOT5«. rm a ntl'YOll5 wreck ow. the p<'1lnant ,ace between the Braves and the Giants and 00 top 0( that, it's college football season, ..;hieh ~1'}'O"Ot I<no:>w$ is akin \0 a religious

ex~rienct

.xt.n.ive. potentially haras,ing. interrogatories to the oppOl;ing side. to take emaustive depositions. or to simply take the position of disag"",ing with oppo;5ing counsel OIl everything so as to give the impression of playing "hard ball." All too often. young \aI<.-yers f~1 that such belies

in this state.

Needless 10 say. iI's difficult to get foc.....d on writing thi, article. Lif. is full 0( distractions, and 5(1 is 1M pnctitt of law. All to<) often, it setlJl$ tho! undue emphasis is placed on doing wh<otever it takes to make money. winning at all cosls or gelting Ihe other person before hi: Or she get. yoo. n- mioguided principlu can create problems lor yoong attorneys. They tan lead U$ MIra)' or distract

from OUr ethical duties and

respons;biii!ies as lawyers. The Alabama Rules of Professional C0nduct I.t forth \h. ethic.1 guidelints 10 which all attorneys adhere, They contain rules governing such matl.rs as the relationship between the client and attorney. llliIintaining the integrity of the profesJion and dealing with Qther attomt)'S and the judiciary. The Rules should not ~ t.akfn lightly: violators are subject to disciplinal)' action by the AIaI:tama State Bar. which IT\aJ' include SUSpension Or rev0cation of an attorney's license to practice ,~

We. as young l.wyt ... have a r~i bilily to follow and uphold the Alabama Rules of Professional Conduct. Many attome).'s fresh out of law school art unfamiliar with the roles_ Onct they begin the practice of law. they an: irruoo;Jiately subjected to the "pressure cooker" legal artna. We have all either heard of Or e.pemnced situations whert the young attorney feels pressure to send out those 35S / NOV£MBER 1993

are ~ry in order to gain ~ from their ~rs andlor senior partners. Unfortunately. such belies clo nothing to bolster the civility that attorneys should extend to other attorneys and, instead. only se ...... to further damage and support the unfavorable opinion of attomey$ that a large segment of socitty seems to have. Additionally. these debilitating attitudes and practices art directly contradictory to the ideals and principles we as attorneys should follow, particularly in light of the Alabama Rules of Profwional Conduct. The first sentence of the Preamble to the Rules states. "A \al<.yer is a r~nzenta tive of clj~ts, an officer d the legal system and a public citi""n having .pecial responsibility for the Quality of juslice: Certaini». while this is a heavy burden. it is also a special ont. Few people have an

opportunity to practico a profession through which SO many lives can be inA.,. meed or changed. The Alaballlil Rules of Professional Conduct are d..igned to make sure that our infl~nce 00 not only our clients but the legal system and the public. will be a positive (Int, Consequently. they are wrilten and designed in an effort to enhance and improve the prattkeoflaw. When was the last time you were con""med about llliIintaining the integrity of your pmfession? Indeed. wh.n was the last time you even looked at the Alabama Rules of Professional Conduct to make sure that ....hat you did or we,,! about to do was not in vioi."otion of the Rules? We need to think mOre in tenns of .... hars right, what's ethical. not just whether our conducl will allow US to "in or lose. Certainly. irs important that ....., tl)' to win sir« attorneys art compensated for winning and WI' 0'1'0'1' it to our clients. However. we can still "win" and stay "ithin the guidelines of the Alabama Rules of Professional Conduct. As young lawyers. we $hould make an ext ... effort to ensurt that WI' follow the Alabama Rul .. of profusional Conduct in OUr dealings with OUr clients. the courts and our peers. Take time to read the Rules; if you ha\'t any Questions about them ask another attorntjI. If;oo can't find the ans'oI'er to your Question. contact the Alaballlil Stale Bar Center for Professional Responsibility, located at the state bar headquarters in Montgomery. The phone numbtr is 2691515. The staff is friendly and eager to h.lp you in resolving any questions or conAicts that you have. II'S much bttter (and safer) to take (M minutes and make one telephone call to solve a potential ethics problem. Not only will you bt doing what's btst for your own int.rests. but you'lI also be doing what'. \)Qt for your dient and your profession. • THE ALABAMA LAWYER

BAR BRIEFS The late fund, II. Ib", Sr. was inducted into tho ATU. Hall of Fame during i t~ annual convention in San Francisco. His name joins those of prev;. Gu5 induct en-Robert E. Cartwright , Sr.: Samuel B. HOfowit~; Theodare L Koskoff, Perry Nichols; and Allred S. Julien-<arved on a CQmmemorative in the lobby of ATIA headQuarters in Wash·

ington. D.C. Hall of "arne members are lawyers who made oul>tandillll contributions to tht civil justice system , to the public good, to trial adwelley, and to the legal profUliion in general. In addition, they posstsud unrivaled integrity and character.

Francis H. Ha ... Sr. was I man whose wisdom. wit. charm, dedk>tion, and .1.,. quence are legendary among al1 who

knew him and many who simply knew of him. He was one of the first attorneys in the United Statu to commit his practice wholly to representing injured individu-

.1.

Hare participated in the founding of the N~tion~1 Auociation 01 Claimants' Cornperu:.ation Attorneys (now known as ATLA) and the Alabama Trial Lawyers Association, He served u president 01 the Alaball\ll ;:t..WXi;!tion for !wi.> Y"ars. Hare graduated from the UniVErsity of Alaoo'll\II School of Law and began working with Harsh ... Harsh, The present firm of Hare, Wynn. N~tt ... Newton, esW>tished II)' Hare, took its tenure with and from Harsh ... Harsh. Hare died in 1983.

Chariu A. Powell. a partner in Powett, Tally &. Frederick of Birmingham, has b«n named chair-<:t.ct of t~ Section of Labor and Employment Law of the American Bar Anociation. He witt /lMU"'" hi'! po5ition in August 1994. This section has more than 11,000 membus and its "jurisdiction" includes att Ifg~1 Il\IIUers affecting the ....,orkplace. Po...... 11 is a 1961 graduate of Birmingham·Southem College and a 1964 graduate of Duke Uni,.. rsity School of 1..1...... James R. Pratt_ III. of the Birmingham firm of Hogan, Smith, Alspaugh, THE ALABAMA LAWYER

Sampl",'" Pratt ......as recently ulected a Pettow in the intern<llional Socidyof Barristers. Pratt is a graduate of Auburn University and Cumberland School of Law, Samford UniVErsity. Clenn F, MannIng's contribution to le gal services for poor people ..... as recog · niud r~ent Iy when he was present· ed a new award established in his name. The board of directors of Legal Service.-; of North Ctn· tra.! AI<lbama cruted the Clenn F. Manning Legal SeTVice.-; Award as a tribute to the longtime bar leader. The presenta· tion ceremony was held Augrnt 27.

The Mobile firm of Adami &; lleeu i'! one of fove businnses in the nation to receivt the 1993 Award for E.",lIen« in Corporate Communit~ Service. The award is Il\IIde annually by t~ Washing· ton·based Points of I,ight Foundation. The pruenbltion of the award "'U made to Adams ... R.e .. at the Unwin Center in New York City on September 23, and was presen!e\l by U.S. SecretaryofCom· meree Ronald H, Brown ~nd Chairm.o.n of the Points of light Found<ltion and the Executivt Comm ittee of Time-Warn· er. Inc., J, Richard ~lunro. Adams ... Rene ..... os reoogniud in the medium·sized company category for its community involvement program kllO"'"I1 as H,U.C.S.-Hope, Understand· ing. Giving, Support. That program involves most of the form', employe.. who volunteer to work with those in need in the communit~. The H.U.C.S. program is mu lli faceted. ranging from

1'.... nty-fiVE Y"ars ago, Manning began serving on the first board of directors of the state's first legal aId offic e, which opened in Madison County. He continued to serve on the Ix;ard. which l:>ec.-.me t.SNCA. until his retirement last

ALABAMA

DO~ENT

ASS . BLY SOF ARE

,."The program now has nine full-time

laW}'trs and handle. between 3,000 and 3.500 cases each year, partly with help from pri"ate attorneys who currently al\' rderred about 8 p"rcent of LSNCA case. on a pro bono basis. Manning was a partner in the form of Lange, Simpson. Robinson'" SormTVille, He has .. rved as a state district attomf}', local bar pruident, state bar commis· sioner , stale bar executive committee "",mhor, and U.S. magistrate. The Clenn Manning Award will be pre· sented annually by LSNCA to an out· standing local laW}'tr in rKognition of contributions to the low·income community. lIS purpose is to encourage la .....Y"rs 10 be active in I\'pruenling indi~nt clients and to r......<Ird them for t~ir public assistance.

$200 each 30 Day Money· Back Guarantee Produces drafts in 10-15 minu!CS using I simple question-and.answer formal. Edi! these documents witb )'QIlr ....ord·processing software. Wil~ Trus~ Partnmhi~

R... I E5ta!c. Limited BusillCSS 13\(:0; and II

.~~

For informa.ion call (800) 22 1·l972 nt. 56S Of 503. ~.~Inc.

62 Whi,. NYC

s.n.a.

lOOt3 NOVEMBER 1993 / 359

"adopling- chi!dr~n and lamiliu and grandpartnts on .~eilol «easions. 10 workina with pedialric AIOS projKls. 10 Imli.., u.., homrlra, to pro"icli.., KIt;.! ~MtiH f(If' tho ""'ntally hmd~ . Other r«ipitnts inclu<k Tampa EI«Iric Company. Shell Oil. The Stcurity IItnefil Croup of Qlmpanit•. and Fann· ors Bank" Trusl Company of Kenluckli. Th. lI .... ud .... inn.rs ..... r. chonn by a ~I d judits compri$td d tiM !tilde.. of 1M Amuiun Boor Aslocilolion. Iht Am • • inn Bus in. n Co nfortnce . Ih. Amfri~ Socidy d AJ9xiation Extro· livu. Tht BUlintss Roundillbit . Tht Ctnt.r for Corporat. Qlmmunily Rt~· lion. al Boston Qllitl/t. the U.S. Cham · ber of Commuct . Tht Conlerence Boa rd. Inc .. The Orueker Foundalion. Junior Achiewmenl. Inc .. the National Allianct of Busintn. Ind Ihe Public Allain Council. Th. Poi nts of Light f o undal ion . 11 nonparti u n . nonp.orot organintion Joaottd in I\'~ington. D.c.. wu found· ed in 1990. Tht Foundalion mot ivale. leaders to mobili~t peopl. 10. IfNiet direcled at solving so rious .social "rob·

I.nu; worI<s wilh .-oIuntH. ant.... cor· pOntion. ;ond non,rolil organiAliom natiorrooidt 10 prwidt: ludrrs ...ith idus and took for mobill.i"ll .-oI""t..,..; and works through tht "",dia 10 shape JIOI>U' ~r altitudes ~t community servict. In itddition to Mobil., Adams " Ruse has officts in Ne.... Orltans and Balon Rougt. louisiana, Hou.lon, Tt:<as and Wu/linglon. D.C. form .. Alabama SII"","'. Court Auoci:at. Judice O.ea, W. Ad .",. of Birminghlm and slale Sonator Chari .. D. Langford of Mo nlgomer y ,«r.~tht

16 1993 inducto •• into Iho NlItion.;ol Boor AJ9xilolion Hall d fame. Tht inducl.tS wtR honored al I lun · cheon durinll the Nation/l\ Bar Asrocia. lion', 66th Annual Com.. ntion in Boca

NEW SAVINGS PROGRAM ON OFFICE SUPPLIES FOR MEMBERS OF THE ALABAMA STATE BAR he Alabama StattBar has madt 3frang~m~nts wit h Penny \\,1... ~ major offie~ ,uppliu. lhat will give law fimu an oppOrtunity 10 Sl",. J1lOntl' on offict supplits.. Ptnny Wise offt.. " Ia~ sel«tion of offi~ suppliu in ~'Iion to 10\0.' pric.. and f;l5L frtt del".. ry. The ttat~ bar progam "'ill enable me....M .. to lave an ~ilional 4 10 I I per~nt off Ih~ Ptnny Wis-t alrtady discounled pricts. Brands like 3M, IBM , RoIodtx. Bic. and hundreds mort art offered at a fraction of lheir regular selhng price. If a mtmber purchases an ittm from Ptnny Wise, ste, it ad,.. rt,st<llor It .. and stnds tht ad to P.nny Wist .... ithin 30 daj'$. Penny Wist wHi stnd Iht membe r a check for the ~iffertnce Or credo it the aecount. Penny Wist also offtrs tho Iargtst offi~ product ntl~rk in Iht nation. The electronic catalog allows membt .. to ordtr 24 hou.. a day, St\.. n daj'$lI Wftk. M.mbt.. ClIrI .1.... ordtr by rnail. toll·frft phone or fax.. As i spteial introduction. Penny Wist is offering AlwIN Stale lb. mem o be .. SIO off thtir firs! ordt •. •·or mort in/ormation on the program and a full color catalog. call 1-800·942-3311. •

360 I NOVEMBER \993

Raton. t1orida..

The Anoxia. lio n ', !llil of Punt .... slirt· ed in 1986 ulllkr lhe dir« tion of Alabama Stalt Bar mtmbe r fred U. Cray. Sr. of TusittgH. Cray u .....d u presidenl d tht Nu ionll BlIT AJ9xi.r.lion INI ytlIr . The Silional Bar Auocialion is Iht Nllion ', lusnl and oldnt voluntary bar lI,soc:illli on for Africlln .American la-..ye ... OIher Alabamians active in the As$OCi· alion include E.n tltine S. Sapp of Tuslctl/tt, ....ho is serving;l5 tht 1992·93 dlair of 1M Notional Bar l...titute Ho.inl d Oirecton. The Instilule iltho philanthropic ann d u.. Notion/ll \Wo. Asao<;:ia. lion . f red Criy. Sr. also ....... , IS" mtmber of t ht Inil ilul. ·, Boud of l)irecto ...

II. Thomu W.llf. Jr,lw betn Nlmed " director ollh. American JU~iClltur. Sodtty. l nalional o rganiza t ion of judges ;ond ~rs whose go...l illo promote lilt tffective administration d jus. lice in tht mit ;ond ftdtral courb. lit is wilh u.., Binnlnglwn finn of ~, (;(!optr " em. Tho Birmingham Bar Anoelallon is working .... ilh local retailtrs 10 make thi' season bright for ,omt sen ior citizen, and child ren in ill community. The bar association is asking members 10 dOn"l. SlO n c h 10 raise monry 10 purchase turkty$ provided by Western Suptrrnamu.. Rtcipi· tnU of t h. lu rkeys "'ill bt chostn butd on criteria developed by Nr committel mtmbtrs. Tht $10 donaiion i. tax deductible as a charitable conlribu· lion. In ilddi t ion to the turke~, provid. d du ring Ihe holiday season, tht Eld. rly CommillH has an on'l!Oing prOjecl providing rock ing chairs 10 the new ~di tion to tiM county homr lit Ktlon.;o. To m~k. iI don~tion. plone m~ke c htd" p~ylb!e 10 ' Birm ingh"m Blr M.moriall'und" and mail it to tht Binn · inghilm IJ.ar Associalion, Bar Project , 109 N. 20th St r«t, Second Floor, Binn · ingham, Alabama 35203. •

onc. lIgain

ABOUT MEMBERS, AMONG FIRMS ABOUT MEMBERS

AMONG FIRMS

Jotl C. Manh .nllOUIICU Iht op¢ning of

Marl< S. Boordman. B.. nl A. Tyra and Penyn S. Codlot • . formerly of Porter· field. Harper I< Mills. announce the for· mation of Boardman. T)'I'I &; Godbu . with omen ot 104 Inverntu Conttr plict. Suite 325. Birminllham. Alabama 35242-.4870. The rnailing Iddrw is P.O. Bo. 5~65. Birmingham 35259·9465. I'hont (205) 980-6000.

his office It 3000 Riverth~u Calltria. Suitt 800, Birmingtam, Alabarn.l35244. Phon. )205) 935·3696. Michae l .;d....d let, formerly of B.II Rk~rdson, lnnouncu till' opening of hi. om,. at 200 Wut Court SqUirt. Suitt 752, lluntJvill., Alabama 35801. I'horw: (:lOS) 5J6.82 13. Robm It. P.... announ«:J Ill'

t.. Jdt

Trimmiu. Alehi.on & Halty, and optntd hi. offiu II 2326 Highland A~nut. Sooth. Birmingham, Alibarn.l 35ZOS. Phon< i~) 3W-0333. Kt ndll1 Walton Maddox announces I

chang. of lddrtss to 250 I'lrlty Building. 1m 3rd Avoenu., North. Birming. ham. AIl,blrni 35203. Phone (205) 251.7717.

Mark Bl, ho p Turn er annOunc .. I

change of addrus to 198·8 Main Street. P.O. BOl 121. Trunvill •• Alahma 351n. Phone (2051655-3792. William E. Si n iard, Jr. lnnouncu I ciwlgc Ii addrtU 10 1736 Oxmoo. R~. Suitt 201. Rirminatwn. AW>irrv.lS209. Phon< (205) 879-6464. Scott A. RogtTI announces a change 0(

iddnss 10 H)i Bob WoUoce

Av~nue.

Suite C. Huntsville. Alibama 25801. Phone (2051 m·m!. 1I:0bert I..and anr.ouocu the Opening of hio office at 1649 N. McFarland B"Uie· _ard. Suitt 202. TuscilOOU;. Alabama 35406. Phont (205) 345-8730. Ray-Lynn S nowdu innOUOCH i nune chlnge from Rly·Lynn Snowden McAlpi"'!. dff(tM MlIn:h 31. 1993. Htr • ddrtu ;1 1870 Schillinger ROid.

Mobile. Abbirna36695. Willia m II. Konn t dy . form~rly of the Offiu of Centril Counstl. Rewto"'! Antllil. Aillbarna. announces the optning ofhis office for the practice of law at 2716 8th Str•• t. Tu>c.ioosa. Alabama 35401·2106.l'hone (205)752· 0161.

Tin: AI.ARAMA !.AWYER

Bum"'.., . Kllne'. ltn. HalHy. """" &. C.tu InnoUn(:tS tNt Cyathil M. C.I. hou D has 1ot<:0mt usociited with the firm. Officu ... louted al 1000 Quin· tud A~nue. P.O. 8oJ: 1618. Ann!§ton. A1l1bama 36M. Phone (205) 237·8515. DominIck, f ld cher, " eliding, Wood &; Lloyd of Bi rmingham announces the celebration of its 50th year. The firm was forTTlfd in 19-t3 by bmts M. Gill.Ipy and Sara Dominick Cluk. Sara Clir~·. brother, Fnnk Dominick, joined the firm in 1948. followtd by Wllter Fletcher (1949) and W.lter·s nephfW. Mllnly Yeild,nll (195-6). Tho firm cur· .. nUy has Ihuomt)'$.

M. Mort Swaim annoooctS t.h.it

~~a

Moon has become In lUOCilIle, with officn It 235 Wut L~ur.l Avonu •• Foit-y. Allbima 3653S. Phone (205) 9-t3·

Campbell, announct the formation 01 Ca mpbe ll &; Cuton . The address ;$ Extcuti,~ p.,k, 2421 Pruid~nt.s Driw. Sui to B. II. MonlQomtry, Alablmo 36116. The mailing iddrtsS is P.O. Box 230238. Montgom er y 36123·0238. Phone (205) 272·7092 Stoktl &I McAtn announces J . Pau l Clinton hu become an usociale with the firm. Oflietl ITt louted al 10-00 Downtow .... r Boul~.d. Mobile 36691. The mailing address is P.O. 80J 99 1801. Mobile 36691. Phone (2051 460·2-400. HfltNrt £. BrooodtT. Iorrn«1y with fin· .... r & Guin, has become In nsociite with ROMn. Cook. Sltd,e. ~il. Car·

Betwetn August I,

,,'

Stpleml:M:r 30. 1993, the foll(Ming i\lOmey made a pltilge to the Alabama State Bar Building Fund.

3m. Willi a m B. ,'! cCulu , J r. and J . P. S . .. y .. announce the lormit ion of McG uIre &. Sawyer. Offices ~re located at 2910 7th Strut, T\I$CIIloow, Alabama 35401. The mailinll add .. >.! is P.O. Box 02Cl996. TUSCIlooS<l. AlibamO!. 35402. Phone (205) 752-6002. Robl lO n .. Beller announeu thlt Mart ... Ann Miller, formerly of wi.. Ford ShaW." PI)'I"ot: in Huntsville ..... Mcomt associIttd ",ilh the firm. Officu In lociled it 210 Commerce Strut. Montgomery. Alablm. 36104. Phone

Waitt< .\IOthatt C itlion Ilis name will b.e included on a wall in th~ pOrtion of the building li~t ing an conl ributol'$. His pledge is acknl:r¥>'ltilgtd with

gratefulapprtciation.

ror a list 0( thost making pitilllf$ prior to August 1,1993,

(205)834·7000.

pleue stt previous issues

Keny R. Cll t(m, formerly senior stall .ttorney for Ihe clerk 01 the supreme court. and Boyd f . Campbell. formerly I member of Blanchard. Callow ~ y &

01 Tfw A/(1ooma /,QWVer.

NOVEMBER 1993 136 1

ro ll <Ii Jones. The office addre$.5 i~ 1020 turleen Wallace Boulevard. No rth. Tu.c.loos., Alabam •. The mailing address i. P.O. Box 2727. Tuscaloosa 35403·2727. Phone (205) 345·5440. Knight <Ii Griffith announce. D. Todd McLeroy. formerly .uff attorney to Jus· tice Maddox, has ~com" an associate with th~ firm. Offices are located at the Griffith Buil ding. 409 lst A""nue S.W .. Cullman. Alabama. The mailing addre$.5 ;s P. O. Drawer M. Cullm.n 35056. Phone (205) 734·0456. KIr. n P. Cham b le . . . nd Mark N. Chambl en announce tht formation of Cham bien <Ii Ch amble n. with offices localed at 234 S. Hull Street. Mont · gomery. Alabama 36104. The mailing addre$.5 i. P.O. Ik>x 4839. Montgomery 36103-4839. PMne (205) 264·7300. W. Don&ld Bolton , Jr. announces Char_ Iott. Adorna Stubba has b«ome usociated with tl>< firm. The form's address is 307 S. McKenzie Street. foit}'. Alabama 36535. The mailing addrus is P.O. Box 259. Foley 36536. Phone (205) 943·

38<0 Dillard <Ii rOTguto n announces that Lawnnc. T. King has become a partner. The addre$.5 is 2% 21st Str.et, North, The Massey Building, Suite 600. Birm· ingham, Alabama 35203. Phone (205) 251-2823. Ri,·u <Ii Peteraon announces Sharon Don. ldson Stuart has become an usnelate with the finn. She was formerly a judicial clerk of the Honorable Sharon

• CIVIL • INSURANCE

--m

Lovelace Blackburn. The addre$.5 is 1100 Finandal Center, 505 N. 20lh Street. Birmingham. Alabama 35203· 2607. Phone (205) 328-814l. Pa rhr, Bunll ey & Wilke .. on announces t uh Snell Stephe n. has become associated with the firm. The fi rm's new location i. 323 Ad.ms Avenue, Montgomery. Alabama 36104. The mailing addrus will remain P.O. Box 4992. Montgomery 36103 -4 992. Phone (205)265·]500. S i.olt <Ii Pt rmult annOunceS that Fra nc", Heidt . Do nna K. B(lwl ing. Annelle M. C.... ie. Ca ndice L. Hemphill, C. Randal Johnson. Stephen B. Porterfield, and Jeffrey II. W.rthtlm ha"" htcome shareholders. Th. firm has offices in Huntsville. Mobile. Mont· 110m_I')' and Tuscaloosa, LUC ia. Al vis & Kirb~ announces R. Bradford Was h. formerly a membe r of Emond & Vines. has become a partner. The firm's name has been changed to Lu e ll , Alv i., Kirby & Wu tl. Offices remain ~t 250 Park Place Tower, 2001 Park Place, North. Birm· ingham, Alahama 35203. Phone (205) 251·8448. Budl ey. Arant. Ro se & Whi lt announce. that Joan C1"OI<'der Rag.sdale has joined the firm as a partn ... Offices are located at 2001 Park Place, Suite ]400. Birmingham. Alabama 35203. Phone (205) 521·8000. l:Iurnh l m. Klind_lt .., Hal.ey, Jone. PolI~ D.

& Ca lor annOUnCn that

Enter, formerly of Nebon. Mullin •. Ri ley & Scarborough in Columb ia. South Carolina . has become aswciated with the firm. Office. are located at ]000 Quintard A' 'ffiue. Anniston. Alaha· rna. The mailing address is P.O. Box 1618. Ann;,ton 36202. Phone (205) 237-

8.515. Maddox, MacLaurin, Nichol. o n & Tho r nley announces Ch ari .. Eo 5.ande.., Jr. has become associated with the fi rm. Officts are located at First NatioNlI Bank Charter Building. Jasper. Al;!bama 35501. The mailing .ddre$.5 is P.O. Box 248. Jaspe r 35501. Pho~ (205) 384-4547.

Gorham <Ii Waldrep announces Kay L. C.son has become a shareholder in the firm. and MIry H. Tbom\l5On. Nancy E. Khalaf, Michell. B. W.lu and Robert E. York have become associates with the finn. Offi"",, are located.t 2101 6th Avenue. North. Suit. 700, Birmingham. Alabama 35203. Phone (205) 254-32] 6. Jim Pioo &: Allocialu annOun,,",S the relocation of their offices 10 Suite 202. Shelby Medica l Building, Alabute r, Alabama. The mailing .ddr"s,,; is 1',0. Drawe r 623. Alabaster 35007. Phon . (205) 663-158\. Diamond. HUler & Fro. t announces lheir relocation to ]325 Dauphin Street. Mobil •. Alabama 36604. The mailing add ress i. P.O. Drawer 40600. Mobile 36640. Phone (205) 432·3362. Tlnapoos. Till. R.... reh announces the relocation of th.ir office. to 201

Bachus & Associates PROFESSIONA.L INI'ESTIGA.TIONS £r SERVICE OF PROCESS

• CRIMINAL CASES

Qu, ~'m p!O'<idoS I........ ;g.. i..... rvi<>9. 10 lhe in.uranc<l. I~. arod COIporale - . . W& oller ave, ' S )'<lars 01 ciaims and i........ igIIIi... experience. Fee S1'uctY' •• tn.",a<>C<l DocumanlMOon and Rosumu available. SeMee. Include (bou1 not lim i ~ 10) 11>. following:

ATTEN TION ATTORNEYS :

Fle td In ~. tlg a tlon . • "....,n. 1 Injury • Fl, •• '" Thl,d Petty Llabll!lY R. II, o. d Acclden'. (Inc lud in g F. E.L ..... J • T,atll c Accl don.. • Wltn... Location Survelltan-ce • WOrlcOfl Co mpen..t lon • Properly Dam age • Insurance Cl aim t n~ . tlg a tlon . For $ 3500 f>$' hou, (ply. expenses). you can not al101d 10 pas. up lIIi. oerviCfl for ""n.prodOClive In""stigalions, For mo .... Information contact: Ha rry W. Bachu •. Jr.

:Z4-Hour Phone:

2:0S/64,-S,84 3(;2 I NOVEMBER 1993

PO. II<»< 180066 Mobile. Alabama 36618-0066

FAX Phone:

2:0S/64'-S886 THE AUBAMA lAWYER

Columbus Strut. O~tvill~. AI~barm. The lNiling idd rul is P.O. Bo~ 115. Oidtvilk 36853. Phone (205) 82$-9150.

RobtTt P. RtynOldl announcH he hu rdllated to Hunuville and Kathmlle L. Rt)I1Ioldl hu become an UIOCilte with the fi rm. 0!T1U5 , .. lout..! It 101 North Side Squue. Hunuville. Abbarna. The mailin, addrn.. is P.O. Box 18605. Hu ntsville 35804 . Phone (205) 534·6769. The fi rm also has offices in TU$ta loos.>.. f eld " Hyde InnouocH the .. Iou-tion of thei r orritU to 2 too So uthBridgt Parkway. Sui tt 590. Bir mi n gha m. AlabaIN l5209. Phone (205) 802·7575. Thr lirm lbo IIlflO\lOCH that Joho f . Lyle, III hu bKor'rw iUI woc:iatt of the firm and E. Kirk Wood hu btc.ome of cocms.d to the fi rm. Re,l nl B. Edward. and Th ornn R, Edwanll . fonntrly with Joe A. Macon.

Jr. " Auociatu. lnnounce the forma. tion of Edwanb " Edward •. Offic.. are lou ted l\ 11 6 E. Br id,e Str ee t . Wet umph. Alabaml 361)92. Phone

ber, with offi(u II 861) C. Hi... r Piau. Suit. 209. Ja.r:kson. Mi"issippi 39202. Phone i601} 352-3050. Dullost is. 1992 admiuH; to the AIabarni Slate Bar.

(205)514· 1011.

CAn-Kliom, In the Stplember 1993 inue of Th~ AIQlxJr11Q lAwver, it WilS intorredly "pOrted thai the firm of Lon,c. Slmpl.on. Hoblal.on & Somor· ville hid morultd. It should have SUt· ed Ihllt Ihe firm hu a ne w ffluil ing dddress. wh ich i$ Lanse. Simpson. Robinson &; Somtrvill t. 417 20th Strul. North. Suite 1700. llirmingham.

8m P. TlO)'Ior lind "~dJi.. m F. Smith, II of Tlylor " Smith and C. William Cbddtn iUld Andrew J. Sinor. Jr.. for· mtrly 0( Balch" Bingham. announce Ihe formalion of Tay lor. Gladded " Smith . Officu I re IO-Cl ted at 300 N. 2 1st Street. Title Building. Suite &00 . Birmingham. Alabami 35203. Phone (205) 252·3300. Lonnie D. Wl ln..nahl. Jr. and Linda "',did", POtM lInr"lOUnu tilt formation of W.. I" .. rl,ht .tl Pop • . Officn are Ioc.r.ttdll 100 Union Hill Drive. Suite 100. Bi rmingham . Alabama 35209. Phone (205) 802·7455.

Ikll. Canon " Brodt iUlnourocH that \'lctor A. DuBose hu btc.ome 11 memo

Al~bllrm

35203·3272.

Also. Lloyd, Bradford. SC hreibu " euy hllS bun (h/lnaed to Lloyd. Sc hrtLbc r .tl eray_ nol Sch reiber " eta)'. iU _ incon-tct!y rtpOrItd in the Stptembtr luue III the LtrttrJer. Qft"1U5 ITt still louled II 2 Perimder Park South. Suitt 100. Birminatwn. Alaba·

IN 35243. Phone

(20S~

967-3822.

•

Notice - Rule 7.2(c) Rule 7.2(c) of the Alabama Rules of Professional Conduct prohibits lawyers from giving anything of value to a person for recommending the lawyer's ser· vices. A lawyer cannot pay a nother person or entity for c hanneling profession· 01 work. Ukewlse. a lawyer cannot ethica lly participate In a · for·proflt " referral

servic e which requires payment

at a tee from those who Join or participate.

However. Alabama lawyers may participate In "not-for-proflt" referrai programs. such

as those operated by the state and loca l bar ossocloHons. The

lawyer can pay the customary charges ossoclated with the o peraHon of those

progrOlTl$.

TtIE ALABAMA UWYER

NOVEMBER 1993 / 363

BUILDING ALABAMA'S COURTHOUSES COOSA COUNTY COURTHOUSE 8y SAMUEL A RUMORE, JR.

Th, following conlinues Q history of AiIl/wmQ'S coon/y courthouseS- lkeir origins and some of Ihe people Ul110 contributed 10 Iheir grouilh. ThI>

A illbomil l.Q WlIer pion. 10 run "17" COImIJl 's slorv ;n each issue of Ihe mllfl' raine. /f JIOU hove ""11 phologroph$ of "'DrIJl OT present courthouses. pleau forward them 10: Samuel A. Rumore. Jr.. Mig/ionico &- Rumor/!, 1230 Brown Marx Tower, Birmingham. A./aboma

"'" COOSA COUNTY

oosa County, lik. ill; neigh. bor. Tallapoosa County. ha:; ~ rich lndi~n heritage. Both

cOUllties were cruted from the Creek eusian of that year. AI"" Coon County was

!";""'f<~>18. 1832

;.i.!,;.;o;;;,

named for ~ river in E... t Alabama. Th. name itulf is Mid by some ",urce~ to mean "rippling" and by others to mean "cane break," The tWl) riv." a.. ,ignifi· cant because the}' join at the ,ite of Fort Toulouso. one. located in Coosa (;{,unty but now in Elmor. County. and form the Alabama River. This river system drains the entire ,tilt. of Alabama from north to south. The early Indian inhabitants of th~ county leR much evidence of their pre,ence. An extensiv e collection of Indian artifacts gathered in the oounty by the late John K. McEwen is exhibited in the Stllte Department of Archives and History at Montgomery. It is believed that DeSoto cam. to the county in 1540. and sia)'t'd over a week with the 364 f NOVEMBER 1993

native inhabitants before mewing on. The Indians left many mounds and burial ,ites in the county. but most have been levened over the years Jor cultivation. The Alabama Legislature initially appointed three commissioners when the oounty was established to organize the n......· Coosa County. Howewr, little wa> done at that time breau,. of dis· putes between the Indians and the Unites StiIt.s Government over terms of the 1832 Treaty. On Novembrr 28. 1833. the Legisla. ture appointed four new commissioners and gave them the task to locate a seat of justiCfc within eight miles of the Cen·

tfT of the oounty. The)' ..,'~re authoriud to ac~uire 160 acre, of land and to lay it out into lots aRer reserving land suffi· cient for public buildings. The legisla· tion further mandated that the place ...."<)uld be called Lexington. The location was probably n.omtd for either Luing· ton. Virginia Or Lexington, Mas· sachusetts. the site of the first baW. in the Re\."(Olutionary War. The commissioners chose a ,it. on the south side of Hatchemad.ga Creek. approximatdy 25 miles north of Wetumpka. The first term of the Com· mi .. ionu· , Court was held in May 1834. A sub,equent term followed in August of that )'t'ar. Existing records do THE ~BAMA LAWYER

.. . , '."",", ,

not reOeel that any public buildings wore ever built in Lexington . One account dalrru that the first court was

held outdoors und er an oa k tTH

becaus. thtre were no hou •• s in the town except for a single Indian shanly. Sy lat e 1834. the commiuioners deddtd that they had made a mistab in

s.electi ng the sit. of Lexington for their county seat. Records do not reAeet why the change look place. but on January

9. 1835. the Legislalure approved a new location. Lexington was abandoned and soon became a portion of the Albe rt Crumpl.r plantation. Nothing remain. today of the ''''''' of Lnington, the first county Stat 0/ COO$/I County.

The new county .eat was originally

named Pnndelassa. lor Ebt"e",. Pond. an early resident and lat e. a county judge. A post office was •• tablished there in \834. The name was <hanged to Rockford around July 1835. Th is name probably referred to the rocky countryside, and it is li kely that . ford THE ALABAMA u\WYER

exiskd on a nearby creek. This site had been the location of the Indian ~illage of Unifulka and was approximately four miles north of Lexington. The.. is no record of the ~ery r.rst court building in Rockford. In alili keli. hood it was a log structure. However. the first known courthou~ was built in 1838. At the August 1838 term of the Commissione r·s Court. Richard Plun· kett was paid $525.75 for bui lding the courthouse. The county had furnished him the building nuterials. This build· ing was a two·stOry wooden structure. The courtroom was located on the sec· ond floor with county offices located on the ground floo r. A pai r of steps on tach side of the front of the building ascend · ed to the second floo r. This structure stood near the location of the present courthou~.

In 1842. the citiwl$ of COO$II County authorized the construction of • stone jail which Wa5 buill of local grani te . This jail replaced an earlier log jail. The

cost of the structure was $2,745. It Wa5 constructed by a Mr. Miller and a Mr. Hurd. This old stone three-story jail stands in Rockford today and is the old· est structure once used as a county jail slill in exislence in Al abama. It now houses a counly museum and memora· bilia for the Coos.a County Historical Socitty. The present Coosa County Court· ho",. was constructed in 1858. It was built by Patrick Coniff of Wetumpka for $10.434.35. The building consisted of bric k and stucco with ma r ble trim· ming:; o Th. 1858 courthouse WaS originally designed in the Second Empire style. The only other example of this type of courthouse architecture in Alabama is the BullOCk County Courthouse buil t in IB7l. This style came from France and was named for the reign of NapOleon Ill. who ruled France from· 1852 to 1870. A painting of this old courthou~e rtwals a symmetrical. two·story struc· turt with twin thr.e·story towe rs on either side of the front entrance. The entrance·way was recess.ed with a portio co on both the r.rst and second levels. Two domes topped the front towers. The building was constructed of hand· Ill2lde local brick. It serwd the county without change for more than 45 ytars. Initially. Coosa County was bounded by Tall apoosa On the east. Montgomet}' on the south. Autauga on the w.st, and Talladega on the north. In 1866 Elmore County was fo rmed from lands ta ken from Coosa. TallapOOsa, Autauga and Montgomery counties. The new bound · ary lines substant ially reduced Coosa County from about 1,000 square miles to under 660 square miles. At that time the county 10lt much of its richest agricultural land. The county is now bounded on the east by Tal lapoosa. on the south by Elmore. on th e west by Chilton and Sh elby . and on the north by Ta lladega and Clay counties. In 1906. the courthouse was ~ubstan. tially reno~ated. The building was enlarged to provide more us.able work space and the ex terior brick was cov· ered with a thin coat of concrete. These improvements cost more than SIO.ooo. HO\<·ever. less than 20 ~ars later. the courthouse faced its greatest challenge when the building burned. NOVEMBER 1993/365

On bnuar)' 29. 1925. a firt officially of undetermined origin grealif dam · aged the building. Unofficially. it is bl'liewd that a gambling and drinking party attendtd by a group of surve)'Ors in an UpStairs office WO$ the ... al cause of the blaze. In any -wnt. the int..ior was gUUed. and the roof and domes wert lost. D"pite this damage the out· side walls r"maintd intact. Fortunately for the county. a few feau before Ih. fire officials had installed a fire· proof steel vault in the cou rthouse. All of the important county records were saved. Whil. the courthouse was being repai red. county office. we ... scattered throughout Rockford. TIl. ,horiff IIlOV'I'd his office to the jail. The counl}' clerk and the probate judge conducttd business in the unburned vault. The tax collector and assessor IIlOV'I'd to a store. Chancory court WIS located at the bank. Circuit court Irials were held at the county high school building. On March 16, 1925. the Commissioner's Court made a contrut with Walker Brothers and Company for .. building the courthouse for the Sum of $37,500. Btn Price was the architect In 1970 another major renovation on the courthouse was completed. The

building wos remod.led inside and out. Improvements included wood paneling, new carpets. central heat and air. pri · ,ate offices, and a courlyard. A new brick 'enee r was installed Ovtr the

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original bricks. This r~$ulted in the wall of the courthou,e now being 18 inches thick. The project. including furnishing •. COlt appro.;mat~ly $350,000. Birmingham architect, Elliott and Bradford, Jnc. designed Ihe reno,'ahon, and Hugh M. Motel; 01 Syla· caugl served ... contractor. The entire project was supervised by probate judge Mack Thomas. He presided at the dedi · cation program on Sunday. December

20. 1970.

•

The author thl111ks the probote office

01 Coosa County. Mrs. Inez S. Wa""" oIth~ Cooso Coun/y HislorictJ/ Socie/y, !?()(kford al/omey John Johnson and his wife. Unda. I111d Judge Gorll Pate 01 Birmingham for their help in ootain· ing material used in this article.

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Simple Logic, Inc. FaJ\: 20j1274·0178

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P.o. Box 110. Allgood. AL 3j013 Phone: 20jf62j-4777

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THE Al.'JJAMA U\WYER

BOOK REVIEW RCliicu:w by Judge Dale Segrest

Faith and Order The Reconciliation of Law and Religion Emory Universil)! Studies in Law and Religion By Harold J. Berman (1993)

I'A11 " ';~_h.~ .....

Through Thrtt Revolutions." Berman

tion of faith and orde r pro· duces a knu-jcrk ruction about sepa ration 01 church

and ,Llte. this 1993 publication from f.tnooY lIniwrsity Studies in Law and Religion il mOil rtfrcshing. Through Ihe rnrdil. we art SO salur;lttd .,.ith il\forma.. lion about tilt Jim Bakkers. Jimmy~ g.l.ru. and l)avid Koreshes of the world. LNl we tend 10 forgd the SlfOOIIl/1d hiiloric connrction be\W«n f"jlh lystCITII iIIld on.krlir-. in 1Ociety. Ajj.I.in$t thlI. \Ii$.. torttd publk ~ Harold lIrnnin's new book is a mo5t refmhing ~ I'Qilh IIIId Order is a ~ing 01 a ~fe.. tirrc 01 woric: by ..... 01 tht fomno,st schoIalS in the United States in the ana d law

ami religion. It i5 a collection of nuys written a so.year pl'riod by l'rofc$$O' 1\tntW1. many 0( thtm deliYe~ al some

the most distj~uishtd law Khoob in tht Uniltd ~ as spocW ItctUrtI or 00 sptciaI ocasions. \lith mnubbk ins.ight and p!lItisc hiJ.. toric.al ~ip, 8<rman dispLl:ys IN intriQk ~ in which OUr IegiI otder Irise$ from our S)'Slem ci beliefs. ~ rwy is a rifle·shot exposure oli particular faat 01 the rtlationship bmo,wn law lI1d religion. In 1m ogg,..gatt .• picture tmtrgt$ of a history 01 constant interplay betwHn the II1riouIIl'OCMI1'leIIls in the J~ristWt t~ition ~ thr dr.-o:lopment of ~ in wuttrn civiliu.tion. Juda;iim, ROImn ~ LuthrrW5m. ~nism pi other forms of Protestantism N>'t p~ their parts. Topic include ~ Rtlijliol.ls F~iom of W"*'" l..;lw: '"'1"tot Tt'aIllk1nT111tion 0( W"*,,, Ltgall'hiloioph)1 in LuIM1"ln GtnnaJl)': and "law iUld IItlitf 0(

TI l E AU.BA..'\A LAWYER

"U is " proIound ~. r submit, though one thilt is vt"ry fre· quenlly madf. to coniid.. tho .tlation 0( law to religion iOldy from I legal point of 'i...., thiot is solely in tmnI of thr ItgiI klundation 0( .... ,igious frttdom. It is abo necessary to consider thai .... Lation in t.nns 0( the .... ,igioosloundalion

"""""".

Alth;Iugh urn ~ is C(IfTIp\tte in itxlf. Ihm is 111 ownIIlhtmt that w- mod· em law "riling in the Rorrwon ~Iholic Church duril\ll tilt JllYt$I.iture Struggle ( I07!>-I I 22~. Rtdiso:rwty 0( Roman lawJustinian·, COlle II Pisllfd to I bTOid· bUf d study of IIW, particularly at the Un;""'~ity 0( BoIogN.. Thi.! study had ";G· nifocant imfl3Cl in tilt dewlopment 0( all modem \ogl1 J)"Ittml in wtWm dYiliulion. Likrwise. the .... 'oW .... IKMtrful thoologiu! issufi "ffeeting sod,,' order rmbodied in the of L.uthrr IIlII ~ Thr:5t. in tum. Iud 111 imp;od on English PuritWJm II1d the Deism 0( tilt French Enligl:1ttnrnmt. 1'lIith UI>q\.IeJlion. ably has afffCIfd lilt dtvt-Iopment of our -KlCial order. That faith conlinued in lilt founding of our own country. "In OIlltr words. tilt authors of tilt Consitution. indudinQ u.o... who 'oW •• ~1'SON11y sktptiuJ 0( the truth 0( IRditionII thtislic fdi· QIon. did nDI doliIt that the YiWity 0( tilt \oglI i)'Slml i\KIf depended on the viWiIy 0( rtl~ faith. and mort particularly. 0( the Prottstant Christian faith 1001 prtdominated in tilt New Amtri4n RtpOOIic."

teach"""

After II thorough t_trotnt of various aspects of th. hi.to.i",1 connection betwem law .-.d rdigion. IInTNn skiUful. Iy apoeotS the CCflIlKtion betMm law II1d rtlieion t/m:Iuih socioIoIIical IIld phiJo.. lOIlhial thtmts. lit apoIor:S aruin false pmniiu d tilt widely held Wdlerian lOCI· oIogy of law in Part II. In Part HI. he deal . ..·ilh theological, prophetic: II1d education thrlJltl. includil1ll " tirotly lOd insightful diKussion of the C.ilii in leglll eduution in Ame. icil. ArnonQ the pn:!I:llom!s facir'II tilt \oglI S)'Sttm Is tilt fntmmta&jon d Iq;iI phi~ ph)' brouH of our failu .... to rtaJWliu tilt 0JIl1rilution d brlief ~ IItntWl i.! ~ rtcogniud f>Ptrt on thf SeMel. \oglI system. and the clo&lng JoeCtiQn OJIllains lour ways dealing ....ith Russian and SoYieI tt-..11W$ gennant to rt1igion and Law. The ways, mo:stly .....riU.n btfore the downfIll d the ~ systtm. identify the prOtIItms iMtrtnl in the systnn: II) AlhI· ism lIS I fllith system; (2) unwunntfd t:JIltIlion d maWilliom; II1d (3) UIlWII'ranted tuilltion 0( n ti_li5m, amana othtl'$. 1lIty sOOw how Christian faith iUJ· viwd the onslaught 0( <!OOU1lWlu.m. It i.! dur that ChristWt fa~h ....ill significanlly afftct the fmuging social orde. in the forme. Soviel JlatlS. The •• \S In ominou$ lor our (JO.Tl system in the liilu .... d the SeMel. system. "Tht ~iuJ Kpantion oIllw ~ rtligion in IWtntieth century Amman thougJII-1 ~ ~ now nDI 0( COO$lIlutionl1 law but of jurUprudena. 0( Ielllli philosophy- crute. a sniouJ ~r thaI law will not be respected. If law is 10 be mfuured only by standards of

mewee

NOVEMBER 1993 / 361

expedie~.

or ""rl<abili!». and not

by standards of truth

or rightness.

then it "i\l be dilllCUlt to enforce it against tho~ who thin k that it does not.ltJVe their interest." The Emory Un;wrsity Studies in Law and Religion relates the study 0( law and the study of religion at EmotY UnivelSi!». Other ~ publW>ed as part of the <XCIIsionaI book sen.. ir.c;lude The TIwoiIJfl!l of I.aw urnJ Authority in lhe English Ref«motion by Joan Lockwood O'~ and fbiiliCtJl Order tmd the Pluml Structure of SocWly. edited by J~mes W. Skillen and

Rockne M. McCarthy. All 0( these books ate books of e~ quisite scholarship and provide important ideas for th""" of us ...no are interested in finding meaning in the processes of law Failh tmd Order is man datory read ing for anyone who is interested in the interface bet~en law and religion. Failh and Order m~y be ordered dirtclty from Scholars Pre:5s Customer Service Dl'pt. at P.O. Box 6966. Alpharetta. Ct.lrgia 30239#.166. The spe. cial cloth ~ is $24.95. and the special p.per price i. $16.95. When ordering specify Code 700303. •

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-,-RIIh ,ltxlieial Cirnuil lincoo 1963 ... it.

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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Update on Appellate Procedure/Jurisdiction

Amendment to S«tion 12.2.7. Code ofAIIIlHzmtl ( 19751 Legislation was enacted this )""ar which grants authority to the r\labama Supreme Court to transfer cases ",ithin its appel· late jurisdiction to the court of ci.il appeals. subject to particular exceptions. Section 12-2·7. Code of AlalHzma {1975). was amended to provide that the Alabama Supreme Court may. as ofOct~r 1. 1993. transfer to the C(lUrt of civil appeals any civil case appealed to the supreme court and within its appellate jurisdiction e:<eept for the ioll""ing: "(a) Acase that the Supreme Court determines presents a substantial quo:stion,j federal or .tat~ constitutional

"(b) Acase that the Supreme Court detmnine:o; ;rwoll.'eS a novel legal Que.tion. tlte resolution of which will have significant state..i<!e impact. " (c) Autility rate cast appealed directly to the Supreme Court unde, the provisions of Section 37·1-140. "Id) A bond "ali(\alion proctfding appealed to the Supreme Court under the ll'"O"isions of Section 6-6·754. "Ie) A bar disciplinary proceeding." To alert appellants that their case rna;' be subject to transfer pursuant to §12·2·7(6). the supreme court has appr<lWd a revised docketing statement "ilich gives notice that the cast may be tramferred to the court of civil appeals.' The <locket· ing statement ootifies counsel that the supreme court wHi COll$ider. within its discretion. the fon""'ing catel/Ories of cases for transler. sub~t to the =eptiOl15listtd in ~12·2· 7(6): (1) Cases involving an amount in controversy of $50.000 or

less. regardless of the basis of the claim ~ppealed: (2) Cases where the dispositM legal issue turns on the law of post ·judgment enforcement procedures, including garnishments and executions: (3) Cases where the dispositive le!lill issue tums on the law of mechanics' or materialmen', liens:

3611 1 NOVE MBER 1993

(4) Cases where the diopositiw legal issue turns on commercial contract la,,~ and (5) Cases where the dispositive legal issue turns on real property law. The docketing .tatement provides a space for counsel 10 indicale why the case should not be transferred. assuming it falis within one 01 the categories to be considered for transfer. Amendment to Rule 4(0), Alabama Ruks of Appellate Proce-

,."

Appell.te practitionelS should be advised that the Alabama Supreme Court has approved an appellate rute amendment which will alter the procedures established in r", parte Andrt\'o~. 520 So.2d 507 (Ala. (987): (Noms v. Qj/eman . 520 So.2d 514 (Ala. 1987); and liming v. Shirah . 542 So.2d 271 (Ala. 1989). The court has amended Rule 4(a). Alabama Rules of Appellate f>roctdure. effective Docember I. 1992 to provide that a notic. of appeal filed afler the announcement of a decision but before the entry of judgment will be treated as filed after the entry of judgment and on the da)I thereof. The ru t. was further amend.d to provide that a not ice of appeal filed after the entry of a judgment but prior to the disposit ion of a pOst-judgment motion filed pursuant to Rules 50. 52. 55 ~nd 59. Alabama Rules of Civil Procedure. will be held in abeyance until all post -judgment motions are ruled on. In such a case. the notice of appeal "ill become effective on the date 01 disposition of the last of such post·judg· ment motions. The appellant should notify the appellate C(lUrt derl< upon discovery that the noti"" of appeal is being held in abeyance. • -Robert G. &dale Clerk. S(lJ)Tm><! Court ofAlnbrnna r

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THE ALABAMA lJ\WYER

rm:ml TASK FORCE ON ADULT LITERACY

Hon. Sorah M. C... nr..w. MonlgOmtrj/ larnel Ti~hy Smith. Sirmin¢wm Hon. lOll< P. .loIwOII. Tusroml>i<i William D. 5<:""",, Jr., Fori " " Will .. J. HW\lIty. Jr., Mo6lIt SidnoyW.J.. boco.IIl.~

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Iohn A. Owono. ~ Iohn £dwar<I ThomIon. HobIk hd Mi<:haol Conaway. Dodtan

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wm"m B. AIw_.Jr .. ~_._ .. _.m.3ln Courtney A. LoIIin.Hor1I~ ... __ ._Z40-3l31 Mt mbrn: .........Jo M. Boute. Bi""ingltam

Conlon T. ~r\cT. Honl~ J. "b.r. lIall. Birmingham ~ry 11'. Bu,,,,. Bimll;lgIwm Bonn" C. Rowr,l/unls<'/Ie GiN L. Thonw.J_

W>do It. Boxley. Doth"" 110n. D.wid McKay [1U1.n. F"IfI!II. Bonj;unin It. 11lrril. Jr .. Mobi'" JoM David Knight. OJ/_ Will""" B. Motthew$. Sr.. 0Nrk Fronk B. M<Riill't.HoIJiIt:

LI.wid I.. Monc .... Jr,,~1I Moo .... Chlmbluo. MonlflO<M'¥

ALABAMA FIRST

OakleyW. Mtllon.Jr"~

CAMPAIGN TASK FORCE lI~to.

Jon H. Mooru. D«.tIUT lot. Roland ~J •• _fIOnWI IfuCh A. N.>.h. o-r.. klhnT..... Rodnty. ~CH, Ik>n. 0Md A. Rai .... FO<1 ,.""...

R.1IyIo ... Jr~ _1-, ___ ...&l2~

S ___ ..",",

1'oI1l.~

SU-a.lllit_ o..t ...... ~lIIitt" 10 ...........

lna8.~~

" ,....

John O. SnodMrw. J/omlsWlt: Frank J. Ti ~I.r. Jr .• AncbIUJ" Jocquoiyn E. $....... Bi""mghlim J..,.,.. L. NO)rIM. Bi""irtgIoqm Gory C. H""kabjI.llunISlJilIt: Norbomo C. Slono. Jr.. &, M~II~ Hrlm Sbora LN. Birmintf/ltrm Harold V. H~ Jr .. TIuamobOr Emily B. ~i .... r. /OfQnfflOnWl E. T.a.-n.Jr. ~

Dot1,.. Ward. McbI/c

Vorin. &

"WAl

"'_nc. O. Rtddotn. Bi~

Chandl.r.Mf)n~

J~I F. AI..." .... . III, Bimlirrgham

Annd~

_it\ft, ,.,.,..".,,.,, ~ /, '"

n.. '"ArntNt - ' I~._

Michael L Edwonlt, BirmingMm __ ._..251-1100 "' .... bo .. , I'tIlilip E............ Jr .• ()prIilm

1l0ll. Albon P. B' ..... r, Birmirrgham Edward M. Frifn<j. III Birmmgiumt lion. SonI1)l Il()mlby.MonI~

THE ALABAMA LAWYER

DISABILITY LAW TASK FORCE

•

Chair. ~,ctorio

A. F> ... Tusct;/1J<)J<I •. ,,, .... .....................348..9Z8

NOVEMBER 1993 / 369

TASK FORCE ON BENCH AND BAR RELATIONS

"'"

Han.JofI'htIpo.~

hm Aan.1JimringIwm !Jon bLlnktru.hip. Birmingham &II Goodwin. lJimoir!(lhom L.aufaC~.~

.w....W. \\'illiMnl,~

T"", '-d,.Bi=" ........

AOC 1.Iab., flonIl Wriat>I.~

. .....

""' ........ Homnto.Ntw,..., RqinaId T.

CnNm SWioft, Bli"It......" EM~ II. St"",,,,,, nv, Slt,,",n M. Tunollll, "'obik

"".7990

.,515

It Ri<. AMI. "'''''/fI/I'M'r Duant A. lI"oloon, TuKoIoosd KtnntIh M. $dv.oppolt. Jr.. D«rmIr Han. Bon l'I((. .chlin. o-t

Hon. "'-oIIiano LConIIon.~

TASK FORCE ON ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF DISPUTE RESOLUTION

/oI>ryBcdl-...,....... Han. &null .. Monl!. n............ John 0. CIconmu, &i,,~j~

Hon.It"IIh .......... ~ Hon.AIIbn,. 'ord.Jt .. n...t.., WtllionlT. CGpIirl.Jr. ~

251-;8100

11a..... In,

tIon. Donald II. hn........ ~

Ko.!w. i"" O. Wilburn. 8/rm~rn ................ .822·2744 William D. C(lIoman, _lgOIf"'J 'M 1.aoGO IIoanI -' .... I •• LIooI.ooaI

1100. 11ll'llit B. Klmb. oogh, C""", lIil/ Hon. C. Lynwood Smi!h. //url/ail!. lion. Wmlam A. hcl<-. BIi'hi.....'" W. MicNtI AIc:hioon. 60'>, .......,

c.....

r...,.

W. IIrith \\'0Ibw. \ ...... L-)om.......1IIItM: ........ A. Ntw<U. NobiW, _ _ _ _ _ .....".'"

100 I. "''hWItJ.Jt • . .

Ka ..... ~. ,:......_. . . ""., _ _ _ _"'W' 1515 .110 ,,"' Neil C. JotwaIon. NoMt

HuoId F. Ho ....... 1IunlMIM

...........

\\'.u,w.Jbr.~

Han. Eciwanli. M<DoormoIt. Ho6oiIt tIon. RobrItC. Kendall.~

1100. T......... O. Mitclwll , Birmillg/tam lion. Wim,," II. S'HII. Ho6iJr

rven

,.op\wi.

NEW ALABA/ItA JUDICIAL BUIWING

...

Robrrlo.M<'o'i horl ... J,.c " , ..,~\\~~

Han. John S. J•• ~'~''''''''.''''''_, Billy C. Hall. HrmlaiIIr .. Foo,n'" I. Col<. Ill. Birmir!(lhom 1I"olilom C. Carn. Ill. Dol"'"' he. CLorlot, ~

C. s.g., ~ Noba. !loon! oJ II.u C_ .. Io.io<w ..

.........

F...... S.Jo.na.UI.·••hi••·...... .

7Wo:;;;;.;;;

F..,

370 f SO\'018ER 1993

«1.4-6500

UooI_,

-AJ2-44111

~ i<hatd C,II. """'I~ .... ,.............. ........ ..... 834. 1180 \ ......, , -.. ' RfpftH_latM. Wunn Loinl,Jqw 'II.t.i272

C. \\......conse...m...J•• ~ John L.Quonn. Bi ......" L 1Mod.. 5aton,~ l lon.loubny fon!,J •• n...t.., It II' KidIId OIombcrt.Ho6oiIt

~~. KaoM.

Houty D. StNth. NtIIII-.

s.-.

....., E. MwdIioon. Itllm Cum. fOftt •• lJimolngMrn

A"'......"

So-.. W. For'll, 1\4+ I Cotyl P. l"rM1t. 81;" ..........

lion. S... 80:11 Cobb. £wrrIrwn Cha,la D. Ww>.rt. ~m Donald C. 1'kCotw. Orln..:u, ~ 0. Huthoton. oWo Jona H. ....... Bi TIanM C. Ktitt!. ~ c-.., D. SchncIft. HM/g<ImfoJ

2'iUQI

, ....., L-)om • •••,,~_;::.~'..: .:.~ . ._ _ _- " hsstS.\·0III1t. Jt. 6o'> " . . . . "'1-;8100

Dobonh-.81i ........"

Joo .... ' .... n .. _ RX. SowIon. 1'mxt; Paul PhiIlopo. & • . """"', DMd~""WP'''J Mi<hotl L. Siu....Ui, Ai" . . . . .

K>IsNIIT.mb.., ...... BI.="'.......

" '.1370

l 'ln.a..tr. Elizabo.h AM MeM",,-,. Bironingham ........ ,,~I .GUO \loud of Bar c... ..1u1Motn IJaltooo:

•

KtIlh&.SonnIn.Hont"..." . .. I Ii: Frtd D. er." 7'I&bptot I. LiIttr ~ Hont-. JudiIh S. Critlmllm. 60'> .........' &. AmIIIIon. frIoIIMf 1'hoinaI. N. C&motlwrs, Blrmlltgloam

o..n..

ZQ.I$I$

SlIff~o:

hook FlvId. C<mdm R.... rt Sponc •• 1\ucaI""", 1..".. Stow ... M""lfJO"W'/I

Rtgin.ld T. llam .... ' ••"fonlgOmllrJ.. " .....• .u9-ISIS Robot! W_Non-Is. M"",gonM'I]/ ............ __ ... _.269-ISI5 M.......: Orrin K.. Amos. III. HobW

il<)nmn Wol~ ••. _{/OIWJ'I

J. Don rOIl ... DaJrh>w E. P. SlutU, Birmint1hom Robort T. Modows. III. Opft!k.l Forral Lolla, Mobik I'.'illiom MoCollum lto.komb. l1irmirlg""m John A. Cod<kll. Dra:.lu_. EJ; OIf'lCkI

RobnI W. Ilitdot_ffrmIR:iIk

""nyn s.. Coobeo, Bimtingh<lm Timothy 110«. 1'Iuc-alOOJO' Wendy Brooki C...... &'rm&!g/lum Mkhaol R. Sltbtrman. BirmintI/tIlm J.C...r,VUI'llUl.~

su..: R......_1Jbming/wnrI

TASK FORCE ON JUDICIAL SELECTION

J _ J. Bu$hnoll, J.~ Bir-mittgItam lim Vkkory. H<1nIV'Jmn1l

FI'lnCU E. Kin" Ilirmingltam

Chair. Robort P. Oonnlston. MobIitt _._._ ... __ ._ .. .340\·1744

J. , ,..,,..lin Oo.mtnl. Birming/'wm

\'\ct.CIIoI"

....11l Purwn.Nonl-.

C=lSuoNtIMwL.~ 'lS2.9321 8oon! of Bu C_1IlhI1ocoon ~ Richord S. Mullo)o. DmoopoIiI ._._._.... __ .289·I J8.I \'ounl Lo...,..,,· R,,,,," .. ntaU ... ,

" "iUiom H. I'lyor.J,~ Bi~ Co Milot 80N0n,Auhum Prnl. Charla D. Cok. Bimtinghom

s......J. "'ilko'.~

C. I'tlt' RoMg. Birmir1/Jh(ml SteYen A. Btfltr.. ld, Birmiloglwm Joe! Trur

_....

Andy D. BI .. hflold. lr .. Monl~ ._.... _ .. .2S.-3118 Sllff LiIItt.: Ktilh B. Nonnon.MonIgan'1e7 269· 1515

",U .......

TASK FORCE ON LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE ALABAMA STATE BAR

t..DrTwR~~m

Jamos C. Ba rton. Sr.. Birming/'wm Rkha,d P. O&i~, Birming'"lm David floIwtll.MolIihr .Ioe R. Whollo)o, JT. &&-m".. ~·~~'t.mt John 8. "'II)', JT~ ~ Robot! T. Madowl. III. Opftihr

CI1aIr. " "iUiom B. CivI\an,Mt;bM·_ _ _• _ _~'''32_5.5I! \"b-CIwoI"

Crqory-S,Cuti ........ c;..d<dm 547-6J28 Board of lIlT Comml..io..... 1.10100II: Richard Cl n, Montgrmwrr ...... ... ___ ........ ___ .. .. .834 _IISO Younl Lo...,..,,' R'",,"Hfttallw: A. .... Pt<Idy./Jimringhtmi. _ _ _ _ --251-5885

McPhm.on. Monl~ Ccorg< C. Sf_, AsIIltmd C,.gory D. C,iffin. Mo>!II/f)tMI)I 0akI0y W. Mehon. JT_ HMlgtImnJ Ii(n Vanutll

,"",...,Sonnan.

MdIatlA.;tCuru.~

C_ SulI'opt. ~ GA J...... t.. Klonefeltn.,w,isIoo> Ii(n L. E. CoN. ('..-, Jul"n D. BUIIt,.lIun/wi/le

Ktilh B.

HonIgan'1e7

269· 1515

.' I .... bn-o:

Robot! E. C_,. Birminglkim C,egg B. """.<11. M",,/V'Jmn1I "",. lot. 1.InViet!. ManlgomtrJl Btth JoIoritttll.)'OnO.MobW Robot! W_1M. Bi"ni>.,.w," RichanI J_ Brockman. ~ J _ A. Btaelford. Birmint}ll;rm J.mtI M. Siumo •• . J,.. M",,/g(JmIIry

W",......., C. SIlo ... ,. Otvon/Q I . ro.i,lq McDonald. II I Nortl~ Contael M. r......,.'-tt Carol Ann Smith. Birm~ ' - D. I'NctI, BimtinfI/Itmt ~Wll k .. ,Mobile

TASK FORCE ON

TASK FORCE ON LEGAL EDUCATION

~IEMBERSHIP SERVICES

"'""

II. B. Kathews. """'I{IOfMf'I .. ............. .264-409.5 8001'11 of III. Com",I.o.1ooorJ IJ&lOOft, Conrad Fowle •• k. CohJmbiimG _____ 669-61&l Slaff LIal-= Kl:ith B. Honn.n. HonI-""J _ - - - 2 6 t -ISI5

"""c.c...

Bruce McKee. BirmingMm." ............. "........... _328_5330

\'In'(11aIr. Ka lhryn M i'ee.~

Boon! e( BuC-..,,,·

___ --326-53ll

" LIal_

" ....... OOW..aua.~ _ _ _ .-"'...., fOIl'" Lo...,...,.· R_nlll",",

£m..1 C. ItorNby. IT..

TH E ALABAMA LAWYER

""'un. CiI/l ............

.329 .:lO(l()

M...........

•

Michao:l MeNo.i •• Mobile L. Boman! Smilhot!. /hriorl Sprinfp

NOVE.MBER 1993 / 37 1

William O. Ki,k,. Jr .. Cmro/lton L. Bt ..... rd Smithort, 11>1;"" Spring> Billy L. Carll,. Montgomery Sorall L. ThompOOn. Tu=100IlJ

Rkk.l .. mmlingham

Ca!>in M. whiI ... II, Jr., M()t!t~ Edward M. P.U,,,,,,,. MOnl(}<Jmel)j Goorg<' B. Harri., BirmingMm Arm Iobr>h.oll. BimtingMm Will..,., B. wooo:Jw>rd. Jr .• Huntwill~ Solem R•• ha, Bimti"l1ltam R. Graham Esdait. Jr .. Birmingham Mi,lwl S. S.aly. M""I!J"ffl'T!I S. Aloe Spoon. M""I~ Jome. J.n)' 11'00.:1, Montgon>e'1J

Wade K. Wright. CunletWilk Emuline S. So~p, TI1skegeo

,,,,'ilUl'

TASK FORCE ON MINORITY PARTICIPATION AND OPPORTUNITY Wall" McGo..·an. ~ ............. ................ .727.-48JO \iot-Chalr. Rodnq 1<. Mol. Birmingham .................. .. ...... ..250-8400 Boord of liar Co"'ml .. I0 ...... Ual,on' J. Mason 0.,.; •• Birmingham ......... ...930-5134 r ...ng La"),<,,,' R........ nlallw, Lindo S. P"I)'. Mobik ................... ...432·2700

St.rr Uoloon' K.ith B. Norman.Monl~ ... ........ ......... ... .269·1515 1II,,,,bt,..; Hon. Charlu Prie •• Monl~ John J...... Col,man. Jr.. Birmi"l1ham John C. Falk,nbtn)'. Birmingham _Tly Pool. B.>ktr. Birmingham HO\UIOIl L. Brown. Birmingham Cltophu. Thomas. Jr.. Annulon Dolo ... R. 80)'<1. Monl(}<Jmel)j Tyrone Carlton 1'1...... MQnt~ Kenneth J. M,ndel""'n. M(]t1Igornery n.om... R. o.BrlY. M011lf1""1C1j Thoow llenl)' Figu .... Mobile "'ill;'m lI.roId Alb,itton. IV.AnrfG/usiG Robert Simms TMmpoon . ~ J.,ril,. P. Suthtrlin . lfunlJ<iill. R..... Sb<;kmon· HogI... Bimlingham SI ..... 't G. Spring<T. Birmin¢wm Patmi> T. M.ndt. Bimting/lam C.... ndol)m B. Cam<r. M""I9<'''''''1I lion. Konntth O. Simon. Bimtingham Do""tri", C. N~1on. Birmingham lion. V.nutla P. Mci'h<.oon. Montg<ml<'l)'

372 ' NOVEMBER 1993

TASK FORCE ON SPECIALIZATION Will La""'n«. Tallolkga..

.. ..............302.0081

\lcc..clWr.

William K. Bell. Hun/wille

...... .53J.NIO

Boord of liar Comml .. l0...,.. Ual .... ,

John Percy Olivo •• II, D.ukvill......

.. ...... .825-9296

V... ng .... ")'<,..' R........ ntatiw: Joeob A. Walk ... I!l, Opelika .........

Slaff UoI,on" K,;th 8. Norman.MonI~ .. .. . .. .269· 1515 .. ... .269· 1515 Robert W. Nom •• Mon/{I(>"""1I ...... . . Tony Mc .... in. M""I"""""1I .... .. .............. .. .269·1515 Members, William O. Col.man. M""lgomtry Nkk Caede. Jr .. Birmingham Bill JohlUOll. T=mhill Kathy Morine. Corro/II()t!

Clulr. Richard S. Manl.y. Demcpo/is .. .............. 289·1384 \lot-Chalr. .. 669·6783 J. Frank Hoad.Coiumbi<ma .... Y... nl La"),<,,,' N........ ntatiw: Milchtll G. AII.n. Birming/lqm ...... .. ............. .. 254-1000

W. G.. g W.rd. Umell

Edward L. D. Smith . MWiI. C.rter A. RobilUOll. t/un"...;lk Mol"!' Btlh Montiply. Mobi/~ Elizabeth B. Nuh. Oneonta John fI.nl"!' Engl.r.d. Tu=/ooso Marlo V. N<WTJ'I>n. {)(;than Mo"", W. l!<id.Annu/on

Chalr.

TASK FORCE ON SOLO AND SMALL FIRM PRACTITIONERS

)II.mbt,..:

D.on C. King. 1 1 1 . _

s.m M.pl ••• Birmingham

CIWr.

St.rr Uoioon, K. ith B. Norman. M""I9<'''''''1I ....

Jock M. Smith. TusJcegN Paul 1<. BranUO)'. Mon/gomery Jani. 8. CI .. k•• MQnlfI(JmerIJ K.lldall W. Maddox. Birminglwm lulim L. McPhilliPS. Jr .. Mont{l(>"""1l lohn M. Konnemer. Twwmbia Jacob 1<. 1I'.lke" III. Opelika Both Marietta.Lyon<. Mobile lobI"!' L. Campi.i. Birmin¢wm

.... 269· 1515

Hugh A. Nuh. o"..""la &1m Rumo ... Ir .. flJ'rminglwm S... ThompOOn. Tusatloosa Billy c.art ... Monlg<ml<'l)'

Billy w,lton. Wav<'l1~ Robert J. Veal. Birmingham Willi.m 1<. Ratliff. Birmingham Ralph How.rd V.ilding, Birming/tum Lucy C. llickl. Birming/lam Ali"" H. Martin. n""""" William AI ... nder .010 ..10)'. Mobi/~ Benny L. Roberu. Gaihden AlIr.... L. Philips. Jr .. Mob;{. fI.mdon Ing•• llI. MoNl•

C,," B. Evt.. tt. M""lfI""1C1j W. D.:ooi. M.lone. III. DoIhan

THf:ALABAMA LAWYER

7hL'ri! are many empIogmen15 in lik rIOI U1IJiI for kmak dwracler. The profession of/he law is wlYlV not ooe oIl~. The p芦Uliar qualities of ~ il5 fl('1l/k grI:1(J?5, its quidr S#1Uibilit!/. its lender ~il;ililg. ils purity. its defia1cg. its emotional impulses. /1s subordination 01 hard reasot! 10 sympathetic feeling. are sumg not qualifiwlionJ for f0rensic strife. Na/ure has tempered ImIfI<l7lIL! lillle k;.-thejuridicol con1licts 01 tlw coortroom. a$ for Iht pIIgsiaJI ron/ficts of/he baliidield.

In re the Malian 10 Admit Miss Lavinia

GootklJ to the fur of",is Ccurt, 39 W'IS. 232 (\I{I$. ]875).

IVA

OMEN IN LAW \ 1 Thm the \'tOOlIISin ~ Coo., mused 10 admit t.a.ini.J Goodell to VV the \,fOOJllSin bar in 1815. 00 one ClIlIki haw foreseen the progrtSS whidl womtn would make in the legal prolwion in the next 1I8)'t11ts. The \875 an路 susli$ttd only IM/.maIe altome)II. in the Unilrd Stlt... ' And in April d 1873, the United Stms Supreme ea." had rejected M)"R Bradwell', claim that the riitrt to ~ ~ should bt ~ ;til one of the priYiltQeln imrnu路 nitin of tkUttd Stms titizmship.' TooJar. WOOItn ~ ~ the 5t*'s I&w schools in ru'Ii!m ~ OIIIIAI to mm. 1htse,........, willlwn the IIw from I ~ nUl'<'ber ot female IIw proiwon IIld deans. Womm In beo:mircg ~ irwoIwd in ~ ilIUI$ of \rg;lI pndK:e. from the tr.KIitionII _ fA domestic relalioos and child custody disputes to pmon;sI injury and lXJI'lXIRIe Ijti~tioo. TodajI 'ooIOfTltIl oomprist almost 19 percmt d the members d tilt Alabama. $t\k Bar. This ~It pl'C>li<le. a......J1 gli~ into the liloes 01 !li.... womtn ~ in Alablul"Il. This ",rude dots not chronicle the live> of Alab.un;o', most noted ...untIl ~rs; such I rask...ould indeed tit irr1I'Iossibk. Thm art rna/l)'. many womm no! mmUontd 11m who hiw conttibuttd greatly to our profasDI n to the ptlCi ion d AIabaml womm in the prJCtn d law. The ~ nino W(lmft'I art sirrclIY EWTlpIa d u.:. who haw <p.>irtIy, )'d ~. ~ tilt ~ lor tIlt....omen a..~ d todiy. Their stories art not filltd with ~ints d mistnatmmt. Thty muw to ~ thtmottw. as pionn:l1 in I ml/1',world. In ~~, tad! woman a.cc.ep!ed tilt situatioo pmenttd tn her and did her pa" to eNUre that tht paths olfuture wnmtn ~11 woul~ be f!l"oOCIther. All of thue WOmen had male menton or role mod~l$ who encouraged and Sl.WOI1td tIltir droru to;om tilt legal ~ Ail of these W(lmft'I faced the e~r 路 prtsent dilemml nf b;llincing th.i, 'lITUTS with the nuds of thei' flmiliu. Thty III entered the world of II'" ..,ith I different ~ _ not ~ boauM: Ilwy art wornon. bur. boaufe their lifetime tIIlt.ialCJtf dilJtrtd from thole of men. The injettion of this dilJmnt ~ intn thr !tiP'1 profess-inn coon ooly Itrellj/lhrn it. Thfc Alablma Sllte Ill. is ItrOfIStr f<1r itll.854 womtn membm. 1he foIto..ing nine womtn at Iwt partwly uptain why.

Ill/I "<lh Tay/tI'

ho,,,,,,..,

THEALA8AMA LAWYER

NOVEMBER 1993 / 373

DnIt 1 ....... 1ao,.er IRill902. and \hII_ onIy,&r thr AiIDdIlion pooponrd considmlioo d "" """,1Ution lor one yu.r beauM thr ",atlbm I'IlItdtd lime to contiIItT "the pol: . fIlI"UIli adrniUirC" '<OOfN(l.... ",hm Kdl)'won U. ....... to pnc. tri IIw inAbboma. thr SUUlIiTo:as. \~ ........ ~ Ceot'tia inI M'] . "('pi still bbwk ........ to pnctieI: W . KdIy .... lidotd., c*a naI to tNt lihtr fIttoer and b$n thr pnctieI: Ii law. ~ ~Ird 10 thr AIabImI SUIIe IYIr on Octobtr 7. 1908. Kdly IPPf:lIrtd in ccun 10 npmmt Ioer ~rst dittlt. When tNI dim! did MlI'iG' Mr 1«. !tolly "",lhdrtW

Maude McLure Kelly

*' ......

"TI

only Ihlnll d....fuch l ;am ytry proud is thai I 0!)rIIld \lit door 10 the xtivt. Kl\W poxtiu dlaw IIrn lin AllbirNIIO womm. All olhtr tN. I dicI_ rNnor. Thty _ to be f.ble IIld. uouolIy it .... ~ nI cp.Iidcer to do them INn toJrl out II ~ thtm.~ 110m in MounWn ~ AIibirnI in 1887. Maw McLun Ktlly WIll the ~lt!N1 .~ttr 0( Colonel .!Wnutl Camp Ktll)'.

toer~lihun.

On! d thr most KriouI problems !toll)' eneountrrtd _ thr rtIutUntt Ii pjlrn to allow hrr to _ dients.. Kelly Uu brg;Jn to wur I long bYr.k tobr ard a bIick morutboilrd whic:h smncd IIOf1'othow 10 IPW her arthority. Shr btjWIlO \alit on mort ~ wu. ~ in 1909. thr MOniJlO'1W"¥ ~ nporttd a ~ In whid1 Kelty ~ thr suu',JltomI)': wh:I cxwrwnandrd I . . . " " - ' lIS KdislrUltry durinC till: CMI On)ltSlft<ky. thm ~ in thr ~ b thr finl VI'll. C<U-.I qIIidcIy ratoftd Iut I;mty dIe_ IJnV nehe his&ory Ii ~ CcuiIy a _Iao,.er. .., hi -.1tiCtWIJ IUKY KdIy,....,ed I b tIUMlon. ~ .waIy~ in b')'I'C a QItt bd:n ljuly. ... 0Jd0nI CoDtf! in 0Jd0nI and rtaiWl& alN ~ .....ch ~ ThIf \WUUIl disbndion irlllO M. MIud Md..urt KdIy Ii tit honon from the Ulwmityol AIItMmI. 8i~ a \IMOOIII)IWI1II WOI'IIII1 who 11M chosen thr iACN Bledllll:1 ~ Il'OOlhfr hid IOId the t.rNly pIInOOon ~ ",,s . 11'1 dllrw for her !iR'1 "'3Otion- ...... in Sy''CY'IIi to tNbIe htr to rduak hrr ~ leoni md First Ii aI iI. n1UIl toe Ji1IIII tNt htr I1W'I1tf '" aIdi ' .... KicNrd KdIy _ ()Dd COIIrtt nI tt.y II'IIrrifd. MIud KdIy _ ITQt ~ inI p;cu.1OI.doed WIlli emlIIfI erT1bar. one cI thnr nanr c:hildrtn. She I"tw "" ~ by KMnb. r.wnwrt to mart Ioer ~ Old hIIlits Ii thr ccun aood books. and I1WIY olhtr Iururia.. From. 1M 10 17, Maud ~irnentrd toer hIndlirC lithi! IItII ""Y highly. Mr:r tilt alltndtd NOOk Institute, a pri\<llt IChooI in AMistoo. Jut)' reti red and whlk ~iting ro.. a verdict. Miss Kelly \\I\S Mn"",·hilt. Richard Kolly wlJ .njoyinQ pol it inl JUC(e5I IS. " k.d for an intr,-.Irw fo r the \'Iom"n', Pa8r of the membv Ii tilt AWwnIl..egislalure from 1894-189$ and II dianAcl'l'rlislF. In" busintMliU INMh' Iht oIJmd htr ani and tdIor d thr NorthuIttm a.-ny DM:sion from 11196-1904. In It wries tIoe eIOnNrkI 01 ~nut!ikf: dirtetnw. phoM 191)4, ~ly kilt an election for MIOciII:. juItia d \lit AbbInv ........... Uk Ii oIIim. andto b1h. In July 1909. KtIIy_ pmttUd to tilt AIabIrni Stolt; 1Iu» tIoe MuI Kelly ~ from Noble in 1904. Bfot:;IuM Judet Kelty only .......... ""'''ft, and III thr only WOI'IIII1 ~ pnt'IicinII '" hid ~ hiI flNl'ocill ~ 10 dtterioolt. ht Il1O'>'!d hillM tilt fUIt, " f.rocoun!InI bI' this~. Kelly drcided to lI'I'iy lor _, . . _, to !toe bII' Ii. !toe llnileiI SQta Socnrne Court. With pnctict IIld. lami" 10 8lnni~ in 1905. Whm her ~Ihtr oprrwd 1Us.- olI'a. I&-I'QI'-Gid Miud bepn 10 wont .. his \he hdllli her 1Mhn" tlOd &trnI. V{tI&Im 8r}qrI. !hEn *'OCCI'lllher. QuorOr,Iht brpn 10 1lUIity . . in hrr ~ tomt. 5fc:maIY Ii SbU. Kdly be3nt ......Itd 10 ~ bdort thr SIlt rod Ilw wodI lin' fIthrr W'IlilIht fall 011907, ......., ... took SocnrneCwr1 on FdlnarY22. 191., tlub_".e tIlt!rst thr mtrant:e ~ b the law dtpirtrnm III the IJnr,omity """"'*' admitted 10 \hili. bII' Ill" pndio::,rC IIII<')'tT in tht South. t:J Alatwni. Sht did ~ ""tIl on the laI. ~ she waf, pIaetd In ~ Kelly oItm ~ frustntrd bI' thr 11lfqIIali!y sill: obstMd in Jtnior cU. As the J«OIlIj W(lINIl admitted to the law ~ tht IqpI ~ DtIcribirC her wIy)'W11n pnaict sill: ~ Ktlty_ tItcud _praident. 01 the KtnI Club (the dotJilirlII tOOA mon miY be i!bIt 10 art bI' with • PI)(W1y ~ QK, ety! JfId cIIY hIIIoNn. AI the md 01 \IIt)Uf. she ~ third wrthaut 9,bwqotmt ill dkd but ........... QIIRCII. btauJf in hrr cbsa olD. ShI: hid II cIIY ~ d95 pnant 8IId rlCItMd fI'oe Is mort do$tIy obItrvtd.... I Icnrw ill wttlI. into court htr dtim ,,;!h tuaI'aI hc:nlrI.. with a poorly ~ QK. Of . . not 50 \IIO!1I1'IftI)md lor ewry po!o$ibIe ewntlllliity that I could not toe aught "off AI \lit time she mtend the 1M ~ Kelly did not know ~ be allowed to ~ ill" her ~ At 111M•" !hi: pmalty would• W toe """ bI' tIoe womm ....no QIII1t lIIlrr me totho: bar. N ~ the Qdr 01 AIcIlI<Irna - - ' tNt ~ who prt:tmUd Kdly'l inktat. ..........·1 ..... _ nIltded bI' her ~ /til diploma from tilt lnwnity d ~ ~ be ~ to ttye»a.On SlMmbtr26. 1907. Kdy'sn:nclwd. ,1Itt,Joh'I bOI1"lhr~ f'4aoI~~...toio:iIlhrorp. niml olon8 with EIMI AIlTO!S and Or. Annie M. Robimon in Md)u/foe. Intl'Odul:td I bill bdort thr ~ ugiIIaturt that 1Ii~ Shr Wcr btamt " dIIrUr mt:1l'btT d \he I\I.IbM11l cNngtd thr....ontinC Ii u. codr Iilttion to "hiI 01' tcr" diJIIo. Equal SufJ~ Auocilltlon. In 1915 11M. AllIbimll Auoc:ilIllon rna. The biD ~ despite hul.td DPCJOIitiol\. Wtmsdy Iobbiod" biJllIdort !hi: ~ I $hh""...toio:iI......ud Wmwn hid bem .wndir« IIw td'1ooI in thr li'1ittd SQta ~ hive ~ the ptolI:IIe d AIabIrni to _ on !tot .......... UI69.' And ewn Il'IouIIINf1Y wr.wnen ~ from KOldittd Thlf~~_~ IIrw $ChooIs, II'M1Y IlIU bu ~ rtfusm to idrM wr.wnen 1It1~ somthow tI\at Mr worl<ing In Wuhington would ktql ~rs until)'Urs laIr •• 1loe Amtrian Bar As6ocWion did not

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hrr ckwr 10 hrr bnlthtrs IigNirC in Work! War I. Ktlly obUincd a job with thi! W~r Dtporlmmt in 1917. Shortly thtruftn. W ~"job in tht ~ of the Intmo... ~ 00 the IrglIIUIf of the Oil 0Msi0n in the L1nd 0I!i01 She returned 10 Birmingham in April 1924. Upon hrr mum. she "'"as tOrad to em for hrr flolhrr, aunt and two diAbled broth","$.. She abo rnsbbliJhtd hrr Itgal pr.>diC<', and bta.mt I mtmbl'r of tht AloIb.lma Womtn·, J.a....y.r 4weiation. Aft~r a britf partn." •.hip ...ith hrr ~r. $hi! ",tim! from tht pradi« of Jaw in 1931. Sht Late. would wrilt m.t tht sm50 of ~Iity...-hith I1'IOtiw.ted hrr in hrr Ltw practia: for RJCh II ~ time 1_ tht ooly l'IIOITIaIl ~ Ltw in tht sbk u.. INd io Ix I modd of ItmirWIity lIS wdlllS tht bat. poJNiIIt Jao..")'t1". $ina:...-hattyH wq r.rud .........1d ilM)/yt tht womtn aftu mt. That IlItir fl'Iihs havI: b«n iI"I"O()(Ithtr bta.use 1","aS socardul.1 am c:onfideot ..•. 1w.td 10 wonder. ii, when I passed 00 my .....01)', lilt iIIter oomtrs WOUld Mn rea/i.., ~ rnurh I th)ught of them. and ....... ! tried 10 SO conduct lTl}I5>tlf that things...:MJ1d Ix easier for thtm than they hoM btm for me. Ktlly'l miremmt from tht Ifgal proIeuion did not »OW htr dcMn '-"n. She btcamt adM!y ~ in 0ern000ltic poIi. tics. She <IMlW hur<Irt<.b of Io.n 10 I of dub!; nI $0' vict orjlniZllli0n5.. Sho Ixcamt tilt hiM.oricallibmiln in IhI: AIab.un;a ~ d ArchiYn nI Histoly. In that ~ty. she d~ed two bills which p..e tht ArthiYn lIulhority oo.oer the disp:ls. al d all public rm:>rds in tht state. In 1956. ..... rnt.Md 10 Huntlvillt 10 art for tht foor childrtn d l nitee ....1\0 had died ouddtnly. 8y lhe tarly 19605.. Kt lly had immersed hmelfin~. She was lisItd in the hardlook d N>Ieria:In ~ as I professional rt:SWdItr ...-Ix> spKial~ in OX>.lr\houot mc:o'lnIo in southtm IUtH. (OJrt mc:o'lnIo..-.l diffi· cult~oftheSoudl.~ Kelly doo.>ltd hrr fl'Ipen to thl: ~on.I UnMrsity UbDf)' -...tIm they an kno.:Mn lIS the lJIedsoe.KI!iJv CdJKtr;n in honor d hu ~arenls. Tht collection occupiu 79 linear fut in Iht manuscriptS S«tion of tht S!ltcial CoIltctions Departmenl and is a trtaSllrt hc:M.M d informalion 00 such $ubjtcts as Southern hislof)' and ~.l("llydiedApriI2. 1973. ~

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the e.rIy '3Os. from 1935 II> 1947. I'rio! sft...e.hs Cirruit .Iuc\iIIr CriIIljh'l (OJrt "'porter. Sho ITICJYtd to Montgomtf)' in 1947 lIS assistant ItglI IdvisorIoCovtmor Jim Fobom. Thrn l'WS lain sht btame the ~rst........, to tyH seNe 1II1tgal adviJor to the G:Nemor. Just tII r« days prior to thl: npiTltion d his I~rm, 00 hnllal)' 12. 1951. Governo. Follom appOinted Price to the AI,b,rnl Court of Appeal.'! to fill tilt _aney caUlM b)' tilt duth of Judge Cllarla R. BricJ«,n. She. thus. btamt the firsl woman in AJabi,. ma 10 5eM in a high judicial position. I-Wr .ppOinlmtnl Cimt approximately 15 years bdort womtn in Alabama (OJ1d 5eM on ;Una. Bec3use htr appointment emoted quilt II stir among tht bIo. and the ttneTll public, Price ask«! that Iltr "_ring in" be.son. in priv;ale. One of her faYOl'iIt M.orits involved Gowmor Ptnoo·$ Optning address 10 thr L.egisilllu",. Greal prtp,lTltion ~ been made 10' the sealing of dignit"ie, and high.ranking officia ls. Th~ supreme COIlrt ..... U$hertd inlO the HWSi Charnlxr lollowed b)' lilt court of appeals. Whtn Judge Pritt tntem 10 lakt IItr suI nullO judges Carr and Harwood. tht doorkeeper jumped up and .Jh,outtd: "l"'lt, )'OIl can) 110 in the"'. n- plicu '"' reseMd lor tht judgHr' Judie f'rice ....~ re-tltel«l lor Ihret COllKCul;vt I;x·)ln. lerms. In 1969. silt "'"aI sworn in lIS tht ~rst pmidingjudgt d thl: ntwly-c",'I~d cou rt 01 c.imi..,.1 .ppeals. II post Jilt held until he. dt.1th in 19n. Justice!Wbt rt B. Harwood paid tilt /01 . lowing tribult 10 Judge PriCt , Somelimes fatt deerea IlIat a particular climalt is nee·

A1'll:S"Il()N, A.I.U.UIA LAWVQS TIlE AlABAMA ASSOCIA Tlo."1 Of" LEGAL SI"OI.nARlES

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Lola Price

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tivt of Cullman, Annie Lob Price w~ /0,,«110 sn~ "# 18 aftn lit. ooly surviving parmi ditd. worI<cd lIS .. Sknognphtr in lilt Ltw oKlCe of Criffith & Brown. II '''"is during this period that silt rod Jaw. ""hich was still an KCtPI~d method 01 kpl tduation. Slit Jll»l'd 1M AJ,bIoma bIo. in 1928. and Kli\'tly pru1iced law in Cullman unlil 1935. Arter wo.k tach ~ Ihe loolc pilot lessons .1 tht Cullman School of Aviation lind rtaivtd hr. pilot·s licorue in

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THE AU.BA.'\A LAWYER

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e$$a'l' for ON'S talents to n(M-er and altain full growth. In the climate 01 appellate court wo.k, Judge Pri« found he. nalural metier .... Her gracKJu.o; dignity and gentle wa";-s. reinfor«d by a fine legal mind. sound judgment and cornIOOfl sense. cast" benefK:rnt inl1",,~ on the mti ... oourt .. . She quietly assumed her reSpOnSibilities. and quietly she SUrrmderN Ihfm .... H., inl1""""" "ill long linger in theR halls - aod OUr memories 0(00 "ill ... maln spring green. "

EDene Wmn ea, llene Winnwas born in 1911 in Cloyton,A\abama. H~1' grandIalhe. had served in the Coofederale Army os • surgeon, and her father was a well .known ~r and stale smator from Sarber Count~. Winn was lutored at horne and lat .. attended Agnes ScO!! College in Atlanta. She then rettived • mosler', degree in .:nglish literatu ... al Radcliffe College. !oVen "ith her sterling academic rtU>I'"Ii, W1nn was unable to find a job which suited her. Determined to help her family through hard financial times. she decided to become. Ja"...".r. She attended the Binningh.am School 01 t.aw and soon established herself as the I1lOSt outstanding student at the 5ChooI. In 1942 she joined Bradley. Baldwin. All I>: White. thus becoming ON 01 the first """",n in Alabama to join a large law firm. She c.ooc:mlralN her pract~ in

the al"l'aS of real prOpi'rty. estates and public 5ffUrities. Away from the oIfo« lVinn enPied reading Creek.l.alin. french and German. She diN in 1986.

Mabel Yerby Lawson

ea..

abel Yerby Lawson graduated from the UniYe .. ity 01 Alaba· ma School of Law in 1920. She was raised by her lather. William E. Yerby. who was a ~r and publuher of the CrerndJoro lValchman newspaper. After completing law school. Miss Yerby practiced law with her father in Creensboro). She became the r. ..t woman Ja".yer to defend an accused murderer in Alabama. (He was a.cquittN). She married.James u",.'9)n in 1925. She retired from the practice 0( law to raise three children. Ii~r daughrer r...... mbe .. her mother as being deYoiN to her family, yet tom betw"tn 00 home and her r.lretr. In addition to practicing law, she also taught t:ngli>h and public speaking at Auburn Un,,-er~l}', and in her later yea .. lutored students in t::nglish. K

Janie

Ledlow Shores

CHAP7..ll BANKRUPTCY J SOfiWARE

ea,

ustice Janie Shore. w,,, born in 1932 in Butl.. County. A$

a ~ry young child she picked ,tr. wberries alongside her

New Official FOlms plus New TypeSet Option Courl Approval Guarantee

• Compute. eo..nse! Se.1 _.rdect by U w Ottlce Au romatlon Cenre •. Independenr r..re .. ol legal soltwa ...

Call (313) 398-9930 for test report, references and demo disk SPECIALTY SOFTWARE BOl( 7026 • Huntington Woods, M148070

316 f NOVEMBt:R 1993

mother. sister and man~ olhers. black and white. in the fields of Butl~r County. Aller Pearl Harbor. her family l11()\-ed to Loxley in Baldwin County. At the age of .I",·en. sh~ and her sister , Verla. picked pOtatoes for a nickel a basket, t aming as much !IS S3 a day. Her mother, Willie. worked as a waitress and later as • telephone OI><'rator. taming $J() to $5(1. ,,-eel<. Her father. John. was .ent by th. Navy for basic train ing in Michigan and was later shipped out to the Pacific. where he .tayed until the end of the war. Justice Shores continued to work during ru,r teenage yea .., first in the pOt.ato ,hN as a ",TIer and lat.. as. se,.",.,r. then as a waitress. H.r father returned from the Waf and wenl back to work at the shipyard,. In 1948, her brother. La ny, was born and she and her sister left school at noon to baby>it him whil. their parents worked. In 1950. before graduating from Robertsdale High School. Just ice Short s boardt d a bus to Mobilt every Saturday to look for a job in a law office. In April 01 that year. she was offered a job by Vincenl Kilborn althe law finn 01 Outlaw. Seale I>: Kilborn in Mobile. She worked full -time for Kilborn for four yea ... and she now stat.. that too.., four }"ear5 were the most signifiC/lnl }"""r5 of her life. ~ Jt was Vincent Kilborn who encouraged Justice Shores to attend law school. She graduated from Samford University and gradualed with honors from the Uni .... rsity of Alabama School THt: AJ.o\BAMA LAWYE R

oflaw in 1959. While m.J.ny outstanding studtnts haw walkN Ihe halll of tht Uni~TSily'sll'" school. JUllic. Shonl is reputed 10 be lhe wry best. Her summ.J.oo wtre priztd p0ssessions of law lIudrnts for II last .. deade. Justice Shores pnctictd la'" in 5(lrm until ]961 Iml in Birmingham from 1962 until 1966. In 1962 she marritd Jama L. Shorts. I BirminQhim .. llomey. ,nd in 1964lbuQhtff la.urJ. ScOIt Shorts wlS born. fO<" nine ~IrS btginninQ in 1966. Juslic. Shorts wiS. profe..or at the Cumbtrland School of Law. In 1 97~. Janie Shorel WIS ejected the first woman supreme court Justice of Alabama. She was re..el«ttd to this position in 1980. 1986 and 1992. While Jwlke Shorn hu ruched the pinnacl. of Ih. Alit.am.J. judiciary. her judie;;.l ucfnsion m.J.y not ytl be compl.I •. Her brill;;'nl I'gil mind and Iong-time Rrvkt to her stale make her in ideil nominee for tilt Uniltd SII-In Supmne Court_ Jmtice ShortS was prominently mentioned U I pOI.Sibl. nomifltt /or tilt pofition V/lQted by Juslie. Byron Whil •. Ind Ih. will 00 ooubi remain .. Rrious coolmdtr /or lhe nul 3\"ailible S!liI« on lhe Court. T1v lillie girl who picl<ed slnwberries in Bulltr County hal surely come I long Wly_

Nina MigIionico

Eleanor Oakley Gordy

leiflOf Oakley Comly Qn.dUilfd from 1M Un,wnity 01 AlIbalN School of law in 1931. She Mld Mr huWnd pndirnllaw togflher in Dothan. but she Itlt active prac· tice ~er twoyal'S to niH lheir two children. She returned 10 thf: actio...- pr.Ktice oIlIw in 1965. At lhat lime there "..-re 35 lawyr .. in Dothan. In 1966 w became, U.S. MAIlist ra!e. After bting asked by long-time lawyer friends wheth, r Ihey should add ..", her IS -Madame Magistrate: Cordy repli.d that lhey ,hould iwl call her "Eleanor." "I newr did ca .. much for pomp." she ,tated. She wa, forced to r.tirt IS U.S. Magl stnte in ]978 upon ruchinQ the ~ 0170. Cordy was wtll-acctpttd among he r pHr, and was eltcled president 01 1m Houston County Dar AsJocilllion. She WIS ,wardtd Dothan's Woman 01 Achlotwmenl in 1971·1972. Sho beli<YQ thai being a WOITIiI1 hau110wtd her 10 enjoy the "besl of two worlds. - She tw ",joyed the good-natured lusing by her ma.le co1luguu lind has ntWr bun~,.., II HI)' ~Iiw Imlmenl of her btauR 01 her 1ft. Conly hIS Men working CHIt of her home since her now-d'CtilRd husbl;nd becime illCllpacilllted 5;' yean .go.. AI the lilt of 85. she is one of 1m oldest practicing attorneys in the illlt. She cootinuts lo~_ part wills and deeds for her friends in Uotilan.

RIDING THE CIRCUITS

~ MiQlionico wnlur.d 10 Ihe Uniwuily of AllMoma School from htr hometown Ii Birmingham in the wIy 1930s. II •• family WIS wry supportive of her decision. She WIll mernbtr of the Itfadwting cW II 1936,..midl t\I!fl today nnb as one Ii the most 0IIISUnCIinQ female cLasses at the Uni-'mily. She was;oined in this clus by Kathtryn RotWclc Ii Tulaloo:u, who practi«<! in Washington, D.C .• for l11II1y)'U1"S, .wi I"roe fugin St.otI.. the first female judgt> II thf U.s. 1M Court in 1960. MiglionioJ has pr.lcticed law in Binningham slnct 1936. conctn[rating her pr~tic. on probate and ulate rmUers, domeslic "lalion$. 111. ar.d 1ifr\frJ.1 commerriallaw. In 1963 she ",tem! the PQiitialll"tN .w1_ .Itcttd ID the BirmintJh;am City cil. She was re~ledtd 10 Jiw mo .. lemu, serving unlil 19M. $lor abo RrYtd 1$ JlIQidmI II the Binnapn !'vb nllI«ft.. ation 8QW.11tr ~ m nurntn.lUIlox:aI. ttIk nI nItionII CommiUHllnd iWOC;aliOll5 tw bun al.nsiw. She ill PISI.. ·iltnl II thf National Associ ..im li W<IltltIl ~ the AWwnl Lt.aiUl' II MuniciPliities. the ALIbim.J. Joint l..tgiII>Iiw c.u.cil. the AlobMna Merit ~ ~ the AIiI»ml fedmtion 01 Business u.d Professional \\'omtn', Club, the Alibvna W<IltltIl 1-lW)'tI'S' Msociation..w1 Zonta Club (atCUliw "W"ItIl's dubl. She Klivtiy cootinues 10 practice law "iih Samuel A. RUITIO)r!. Jr. in the finn Ii MiglionioJ & Rumo,.., in Binningtlam.

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TIlE ALABAMA I.o\WYER

New officers of the Russell County Bar Association are: President: Jeffrey Ezell Phenix City Vice- President: Charles Floyd, II Phenix City Secretary- Treasurer: Melissa 8. Thomas Phenix City

NOVEMBER 1m 1377

<Jon...tic relations, tsta\es and J')T'OIlertl' law. She continue5 10 work fuji-lime for the firm 0( Morris, Haynn Iii Ingram in Alexandtr City "t.ere her pn>ctiu crn~ ... on real pnl\lert)' law. •

Janella Jackson Wood

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3 r father'. fatal accident inspiml Janella Wood to become a bwyt •. Born in Livingston. Wood attmded the Universil)' cJ Law School. despite the objections d the dwl who

insisted ~ ~ too young. Nevertholess. she gr.loduated in 1935. Wood practi~ law only one ~r before she retired to spend man time "i!h her daughter. SOt taught school ~t Mae F.ane5 School afltr htr husband diM in 1m In the lat. 1960.. Thomas A. HlIIliiton asked Wood to handle collection cases for the ~desllaw firm in Alabama, Hamilton.llul· Ie. &. Riddic" in Mobile. Her pook~ !atu expanded \0 include bankruptcy and probate maUe~ She earned a partner>hip "i!h the firm and continued IQ pr.Jctice ""til 1985. A partner remembtrs he. as ". lad)o in the fi"",\ _ of the word" who nonetheless ' could rtlOR than hold her ""'11." Wood died in 1989.

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ennie L« Kelley was born ntar I'\orenct in 1917. Following he. graduation from Athens College, she began v.mking in the law office 0( Sim and £1i2abeth Wilbanks in [)ade"ille. The law firm I110Yed from Dadeville to No;ander City afttT World War II. Kelley had m;ll1)' lUf'OIISibilitie:o inlhe WilbarOO;' firm. Determined that she could be more help ,,;th a law degree, she began commuting to Jones Law School. She g,aduated from Jones Law School and be<:atro<. member cJ the Alabama State Bar in 1970. FoI1<.J,.,ing her graduation. shf IOrmOO • partnership "ith John Dil· Ion in Ale:<ander City. She concentrated her practice in the areas d

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Environmental Law in Alabama a new book by Ray Vaughan [l\Ierwod in Ihe basics of tIlvicQwneolallaw ill Alaba,,,.1 Q"

• review of Ihe ~ laws ..,d CIt<CS with I:oowledgtable con"" ••uary wilhout ~yin, Ihe $6$-1:10 IIIO<! law boob col! . Tho flrSl in I series of Practical Law Boob from Eanh Se",n I'm!s, i! is written by an al10mey with years of e.perience itI the area. Send just $12.00. pos1pO~. per «>(5y "" Ray Vaughan

JJ20 Wellington R<JO-d. Mon1g<>mesy. "'1abama 36[06

THt: AI.A8A."1A LAWYER

OPINIONS OF THE GENERAL COUNSEL By ROBERT W NORRIS, general counsel

-· . . ' m

'This Irtur is in tOIlow-up tolTl)l tt!tphone 0011·

"..sallon with Milton Moss of )'OUr office. In our ron~rsation. we discussed tile UNit <:J tke AlabaIl'\lO 1.lmited Liability Comp;lny by la~rs who ~rt licen.wd to 1'1'aC' t ic~ "'W in the statt d Al.a~ma. Based on Illis discussion. Mr. Moss suggested that] write this letter to)'OU UK! request i [or. mil written opinion from the Disciplinary Commission coram· 1l"1li this mittt •. "Basically. Section ' 5 d the ~ Umited lW1i~ty Qlm. p;1lI)' Act a1Joo,." profus;on.tl$ to mdt. prOI'essionil KMCU as a membtr or as an emplO)'tt of a Limited Liability Company.

l'aragraphs (d) md It) of Section 45 appt<l. to limit this authori· ty \0 tile discretion of the licensing authority. hragnoplu (d) and Ie) IUd is follows: -Id) Nothi"ll in this loCI shan mine! or limit in any ITWlI1tf the authority or duty 01 j lictnsina lIuthority with rlSp«t to individtuls rend.,'ng , profenioN] .. ",l« ",illl,n the jurisdiction of the licensing authority. Nothina in this act .hall rtstrict or jimit any law. rult. or regula· tion pertaining to standards of professioNl oonduct. "(e) Nothing in this Jct !holl limit the authority 01 a Iic:,,*ng authority 10 il1lp(lK mjuiTmltllU in additioo to \hoot Itot..! in this ao:t on MJy limit..! liability CCIfl"IIWlY or fon:i(n liability c:ompiIrly rtndering prtfusioNol servi«s within the jurisdiction oIthe licensing wthority. "B,urd upon the foregoing. "'e are corarnfd that without the iloiuanCf of a formal Opinion by the DiiiCiplinal')l Commiloiion. la~r$ attempting to utilize the Alabama I.Imited Liability CornpiIlY in 1Iw dtlMI')I oIltpl servicts.•ither IS members or • • ~ lIllY be JUbjtd to dudplil\ilry prOCtdu-. Tho",· fore. we would appreeiatt)'OlJr prOYiding us with a wrilltn dtcUnotory ruling. 1(I1Iw K11lowing question: "Undtr the AllIlnma Ruin of Profenional Conduct. Rules of Disciplinary Proc:rdu ... Alabama Standards for Imp(l;(l ing Lawye r t>iscipline. and lIlY olher rults of the Alabama Stalt Jl.l.r which lIllY be applicable, lIllY lawyers who are liunsetl to pndict ~ in the Stat. of AIaIwna prxIict ~, tither IS mrmbtrs or ••..,.,\o)'oets. Ulinl the AIaIwna Limil..! Liability CoolpMry undtr the ntW Alaba· ma Limit..! Lability Cornpall)' Act? "This question appears to be J relatively Jimply '<1'". tion~ howevtr, /I ",ritttn Opinion WQ\lld be htlpfulto allow us to advise our elitnl.l concerning the usage 0( Alabama Liability ComJW'lits."

MW~

It dot. not W>btt the AIWnv. RuLes 01 f'ro(tJ.-

sional Conduct or any Dlher disciplinary rul. 0I1Iw Alabama Statt Bar for two or mon I.IIwyersto organi .. a law firm IS an Al.llbama Limit..! Liabil ity Company (here·

THE ALARA."tA LAWYER

inafler "LeL") undtr the AIaIwna Umit..! Uability Act (Acl9J.rn) whlc:hwutffmivtOctobtr 1, 1m

m I

I~" ... _, Section ~S of the Alabama Limited Liability Com· pany Act <;()nUi", """cial rules/or porforming

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profusional Hrvicu. With regard to lictnsing, 8~5jd) ~ It) rnlintain the lIuthority 0( the AllIbami SUIt IW to ffgulatt IlIWytR lind the prllctic:t of law purillllnt to tM inhtfff\t authority 01 the AllIbami Supreme Court. With regard 10 liability. l!45(a) pl'O'Jidts that an individlllll ...."'" rtnders profwional se"ictllS II member of In LLC 11\:111 be liabl. "for lIlY ntiligent Or wrongful act Or omi.. ion to the $arlit t . ttnt the individual \'IOU1d be liablt Jf the individual rendtrs tilt se,..,.;w II J IOIt practitiontT". Stction 4S also ~ an u.c thot renders prd....Jon;ol str· vio:es 10 Jil 01 the mtric:tions imposed on prtlwional corporatlOni by tht revised AI~ba.ma ProftuiONI Corpor~tion Act.

WE SAVE YOUR TIME __ .

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For Resea rch Assistance con tact: Sarah Kathryn Farne ll 112 Moore Building Mon tgomery, AL 36I04 Can (205) 27~17

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NOVEMBER 1993 1319

(e""" 01Alabama. 1975 8810-4·380 through 10-4-440). St.:tion 45 also limits an LtC to reffikring only one specific type of professional Sf!Vke. and also C'lntains pr(Jllisions f'lr tran.fer 01 member', intunls. In view of the abo>x:. it i, the OIlinion 01 the Oisciplinary Com. mission 01 the Alabama State Bar that Alabama lawyor, may 'lrganiu a law finn in the I'lrm oflimited liabil ity company. The ent ire text of §45 is attached to thi, OIlinion. PROFESSIONAL SERVICES

Section 45. Special Rule. lor Limited Liabili ty Companies rerionning Professional Services. fa) Ewry individua l who rendef5 professional ser· "ices os a me mber 'lr as an employee of a limited lia· bility company .hall b< liable: lor any negligent or ",TOOgful <let or omission in which the individual per· sonally participated to the same extent the individual would be liable il the indi,idual rendered the services as a sole praditioner. (b) The personalliabHity of a "",mber, manager. 0 , other employee 'lf any limited liability company engaged in providing prolessional services shall be no greater than that of a shareholder. empio}'«. director, Or officer of a coTjXlration organiud under the Alaba· ma Business Corporation Act or any sua;essor <let Ic) The personal liability of a member, manager. Or employ« of. foreign limited liability compa11)' .hall

REAL ESTATE ATTORNEYS LASER SOFIWARE A co mp lele line or Real Estate Closin g Programs in cluding ~ HUD 's, Buye r & Seller Statements, Dis bursement Regi ster, Cht(k\l"riting [jl Deeds, Mortgages, Notes, & Affi do"i IS • Title Policies, Commitments and Endorsement s !II; FNMA and More O ne tim e data e ntry, all calculations performed, high quality printi ng of co mplete document , \\i th data , ge nera ted on plain pape r. CA LL (80) 763·5555

38(} I I'OVEMBER 1993

be determined under the law of the jurisdiction in which it i. org>niud. (d) I'othing in this act stlall rest rid 'lr limit in any manner the authority or duty of. licensing authority with re'pect to individual. rendering a profeS5i01l/l I se!Vice within the jurisdiction 01 the licensing authority. Nothing in this act .holl restrict or limit any law, rule. or regulation pertaining to .tandards of prol.ssional conduct. (e) Nothing in this <let shall limit the authori ty of. licensing authority t'l impost re{lu iremenl> in add i· tion to those stated in thi' act on any limited liability company Or foreign limited liability company render· ing profeS5ional 5('rvice. "ithin the jurisdiction of the licensing authority. (f) A limited liability company organized to render professional services under this act may render only one spociflc t;'Pt of prolessional services. and services ancillary to them. and may not engage in any business other than renderi ng the proleS5ional5('rvices whkh it was organized to rendu. and services ancil lal)' t'l them. In addition, a limited liability company orga· nized to render profeS5iona1 :;ervi"e. shall be subject to the restrictions impOsed on profeS5ional corpora· tions by the Revi.led Alabama Profes.sional Corporation Act Sections 10-4·380 through 1(}-4-4(l4 inclusive. Qxie 01Alabama 1975. as amended from time to time. (g) A limited liability company organized to render profeS5ional services. d'lmestic or f'lreign. may reno der professi'lnal service. in Alabama only through individuals permitted to render those .ervices in Alabama; but nothing in this act .hall be construed to require that any individual ,,'flo is empl'lyed by a lim· ited liability company rendering profeS5ional services be license<l to ~rfonn service. for which no license i, otherwise requi red or to prohibit the rendering of prof.S5ional :;ervices by a licensed individual acting in an individual capacity. notv,i thstanding that the indio vidual may be a member. manage r. employ.e 'lr agent of a dome,tic Or foreign limited liability com· pany rendering professional ser.i ces. (h) A member'. interest in a limited liability company organized to render profeSSional services may be v'llunta rily tran.ferred on ly to a penon who is licensed or regi.tered to render the profes· sional Sfrvices for which the company was organized (i) If a membef5hip interest is transferred by gift or inheritance to penon who is not licensed or regis· tered to render the profeS5ional services for which the limited liability company was 'lrganized or if . member's license or r.gistration to perionn tlw professi01l/lI servi.,.,,; for which the limited liability com· pany was organized is tenninated or " ,.pended for a period of more than 12 months, the person Or memo ber shall not be treated as owning a financial interest or an ownership interest in the limited liabil ity com · pany and shall be entitled only to rec.iv", the buyout pric. of the membership int ..... t in accordanct with Section 30. • THE ALABMiA L\WYF.R

An Old Tradition with a New Mission

The American Inns of Court B¥ Jwt;(f I/ugh /IIQdikJs

OIM of today', mosI populu lelfVi'ion ,h~. filrm ~nd book, ."

lbout laWyers

~nd

1M law. Vtt I

INIrado. uisu. The same publk that reads lhe books and views the films and lilt teltvition 5""'" has. I'I'rttplion of lawytrs ~l .. mains ""ry low, and ITWl)' ~rs art becoming increasingly con·

cerMd about Ihis public perception 01 them v.d oIlheir profession. Thfy om also b«oming incruslnaly concfnwd about the tmt.atna of "laWyer ~h. Inl: IIIITIelimts by thost ...·ho occupy high public office. but they m probably mort to<\Cumd about ~n iruidioul dis.

tlSt thaI alniets Iht profusion from ",jthin, not (rom without - lhe lIridtn· 'Y of IdvOCICY and tho indvility of lawyers \NIl is SoD prn;o.].nl and _ . (inws applies .. lso to judges. Many ar. incrusingty perplexed by the destruct/Yf competitMOfU and "Riombo-tYlM' t..,;:· t iel;" \NIl too rrtqumtly irwM not only the courtroom. but also 1M boIrdrooma and the law offices.' Siudiu hay. shown that many I~ ••. if they could SUrt (1',1:" _Id tnlt. another profusion; that lawyus woo hive bttn in prK!ice (or _~I )'UrJ not enjoying tilt: p'Ktkt 01

a,.

taw itS much now as ..tim thry obortr<.!: <lnd t hot thtre II much Ins civili ty among llI~rs now tlw1 there ustd to Ix. II ~t presillmt 01 the Anwrican Ibr Auoci~tiOll noted that there i. a;OIl'rument" I/Oing on in some of the larg. law firms. beginning when i studtnt sdec:ts the appropriltt prestigious IlIw school he or she will ilttnd. ilnd thit this "too rNment" continu" aft.r tht young l<lwyn ;oins l fi rm. wlltn th' young ~r b factd with I IlIrli< stu· IImt loin to re~y. and competition to tm.kt ~rtnn. and th. "billablt hour" oyndromt..,,, in.' 11 was ""inst this booddrop of con· nm for the rutu", 01 the profc.sion that tht conttpt of tht American Inns of Court _ ptruMcl in 19n. when thtn Chief Justitt Wamn Bu~r discusstd tht ida "ith Judit J. Clifford \\~bct 01 th. Unittd Stat., Cou rt 01 Appeals for th. Ninth Circuit. who wu visiting in L.ondon u a mtmber oIlht Amtrican Team 01 the Anglo-Amtrkan Uchangt.' Chid Justin Hur,er thought that many of the positive values of t he English Inns, such IS integrity. civility. and colItgi.lily, inltgr .. ! conctpt. of the English Inru. ~Id be transpOrted to

llme,in, He took immtdiatt IltpS to Of1iIniH I pilot program. The ~rst Amnican Inn 01 Court IAICI wu orllolniztd In 1980 in Prwo. Utah. in as.sociitioll with Brigham VounQ University. undt , tht ludtnhip of Unittd StattS District Judgt A.. Shc1'TTliln Chn,' ieNm. chii1'TTliln 01 tho;od hoc o:ommit, tH on tht Amtrican [rms 01 Court 01 tht Judicial Conltml« 01 the Unittd SUttS. w~ ~ bHn OJIIlOlnltd \0 the post by Chief Justice 8u~r. The u«ond AIC was aIJo In Utah. and tht third was the Will;"m C. K~ AIC in Oxforo. Millis,ippi. ofwhich lkan Parhim Williams of the Cum~rland School of Law w;u an orpniur. From this imal1 ~innlng, and with ill ntremtly imalilUlf .t tht Amman Innl of Court Foundltion office In ·Wuhin&lon. D.C~ the I1'OI:IYemtnl bioisomtd. AI. tho Ninth Annual MHli"ll 01 tht Amtricln Inns af Court held in Chicago In June 1993. the 210ih Amtritill Inn oICoort ...as ChartUN.lmI ntW Inns art bling organiZl'd ~~h )'Ur. Tht .. In nOw Inns in .~tl')' Sllit ucept l\o'O,and tilt .... rtnowthru Inns in AWlirm - the /jot in MontllOmt"ry. tht JKOnd in Tuocalo.x.:l$l. and tht chird

• Legal Excellence . Civility • • Professionalism . Ethics· TlIEA1ABA.~~WYER

NOVENBER 1993 / 381

in Mobil~. A fou rth Inn i. being orga· nized in Birmingham. and lawy;:rs in Decatur. Huntsville. G~dsden. and Dothan haVi: expressed int~rest in form· ingan tnn . An AIC is patterned after the English Inns of Court, but is adapted to th~ American legal s)"tem. I! is an intimate am;olgam of no more than 65 members - judges. experienced law,.ers. less experienced liI'>~rs. new la")"rs, or law students. who come together OnU a month for nine months of the )l'ar. for the purpose of enhancing the profes· .iOll/lI and ethical quality of legal a"'"Ocacy in America through programs uniquely designed for this purpose. The ~rn:e of taCh Inn is il$ I"I'latiwty s .... 11

382 1 NOVE MBER 1993

size and the personal contact among the members. especially the sharing of the uperiencn of the older judgos .nd I.W)·... with the Ie .. experienced and younger lawyers. An AIC ;5 not a fraler. nal order. a social dub. a COU ... in con· tinuing legal education. a Itdure series, an apprenticeship system, or an adjunct of a law school's program, although it contaill$ some element of each of !hue. 11$ aim, SCOPI' •• nd effect is solely to promote legal ucellence. civility. profes · sionalism. and ethics in the legal profmion. The reaSOn for the AIC movement's phenomenal growth is probab ly the rnul! of the pa.. ion th.t judges and lawy;:rs have for their legal profe.. ion,

and their desire to rec.lptUI"l' the profe .. sionaiism that was so prev~lent in the profession in the pa$t. Man)' of the orga· nizers of Infl$ and 50me of the leaders in the Infl$ movement have been. and are. federal judges. The founder of the first Inn of Court, Judge Christensen. is a fed..al judge. and in the 1992 annual repOrt of the AmeriC<ln Infl$ of Court, he described his passion for the American Infl$ of Court in an article entitled "'The Passion of the Amerkan Inn. of Court": "Someone Once described a cor· poration as an aggregation of human being. without a body. partl. Or passions. I submit that the American Inns of Court Founda· tion. with il$ COfl$lituent Infl$. has all three . Thr centnl purpose of the American Inns of Court concept is to raise the .landards or the legal profession by promoting excellence in profeuionali,m. civility. dhic •. and legal skillS for iawy;:rs practic· ing in. and judges presiding owr, the courts and administ ratiw pro· ceed ings at all levels. The American Infl$ of Court do this by encoung· ing th e ingress of varied experi· ene ... talents, and inlights for interaction and enrichment: the egress of products worthy of high personal. professional. and institutional purposes: and. above all. a deep feeling, a passion. that the pro"".. is of extreme impOrtance: Judge Christensen then enumerated what he called the ten "e"ential ele· ment. of the p;1'sion of the American Infl$ of Court": (I) "lfI$piration" of the English lnfl$ of Court; (2) "Co~ Concept" of the small professional group of judge. and lawy;:rs of . ingle mind and purpose; (3) "Uniqueness' of an Inn that prwid.. a seMce that is similar to that prwided by law schools. by conlin· uing legal eduC<ltion programs. and by bar organitations. but that is also differ· ent: (4) the "Methodology" of an Inn in presenting and u changing ideas in a unique atmosphere and format: (5) the "Conviviality' that breeds "good humor. collegiality. civility. tolerance. consideration. honesty. and mutual respect in our associations. however muked or 'igOTOUS our differing professional views may be": (6) the "Excellence" that applies to dhiC<lI and moral values . ... well as to prof.,..ional preparation and THF. AUJIA."\A lAWYER

pfTform~nce, ~nd

thu en(ouuliu

~"to.- prof~H.>n.1 and.thic~1

«Jde$ of behMor as the tloor. n&her than the oeilinQ. thit shoukl IiOWnl behMor. (7) the "StM«" to tadI ~r through the sharing 01 ideas and exprrie!'lCU, and being the CI)ru;C;'ra 01 the public iIOOd; (8) !Iv "Unificatioo" of feden! and state judges. org;lnized bars. and I~ schoolJ into II[l'OOJCl guidl.'d by II spjrit 01 COOptfl'. lion and ~ (9) thr "Faith" ~t aU thinlls ll'1' ~IC aa:ompIiWd. arw.I tNt, in time. all drtaITII will be ruliud; arw.I (I0) thr "Drums" ~t "ewry dtdic<lud trW ItlOmey. trW judge, or trilol«imted studtnt Sftking thew: ~ mwurtS 01 skill!. irui!Zht5, and ideab "" participating in tilt proctssts of justice can have the opportunity 01 the American Inn e~ri. erotC."

J",* Christensen concluded his article by~hisdrom: "Our drurr. ~ not

md ~ 'TIley wtll can ind..x the pl'Ollpt(t thit the Americ.1n Inns 01 Court will oonti~ on incrusingly as II quui. official sounding board for pro1u· lional and judicial policies and practicu until the Amuican In", Khieve I sutus CCImpilrabIe in moral power, while not in specie. to thit 01 the F.Ililish Inns in their best day. In bet. lI$ IChllimwt of the AmtriClIn Inn! 01 Court Foundalion. The: HOfl. orllble 1l""''lOrd T. "I.u~. Dean of the Jtmn Marshall School of 1oow, Chicago. lI1iooisllw obotTVtd. '11lt day may come in the United Statu when 00 tav.)'fr will think 01 entering a courtn)(lffi to try " ...... or indeed. will thinlc of negoti.loling a t(IfItl'lOCl. "'"' is not " n.ena. 0I;an American Inn of Court-not by Ill"'. not by rule, nI not by IorcLbut IOIeIy by

-..-

sto:ooe to ~Itm.' But the third stoor " - ' paU$tSlOO rHI'lOI'lds. '1 am buiJding II ~thrdnI: Sino:f, ito at· lItion. tilt American Inns of Court has boen about I ..won of IepI actl· lenet, This ;. our ~thedfl'l "'"'hen we visit our oounttrpart5 in England and stand In tilt monumen· tal Crut 1~11s ol tilt II\I\5 01 Court, wt an' humbltd by the ~ 01 thc.>!t whi;>, $XI )'WS . . ~ birth 10 the AngIo.American practice 01 law and first >d forth Ihr idWr; we aspire 10. From this inspiring cItsign. 1000000r Chid Justiu Wunn Burger and othtr membtn 01 the AngIo.Ameri. can ..clJangt drafted a blutprint "" legal actllmct: The American II\I\5 of Court. With this blutprint, J . A. Sherman ChristtnMn and othtn began buikli", 1 st~ foundation with the Ionnation of the first Amtriem 1m in Ihr or1y 19l!O'~ 11oe: oontinued luca$I 01 tIv Amtrican Inn I'I'IOYement wt Owt to tIv vision of these eaJt lIrchittcU. "1'ht memben 01 tIIch American Inn of Court carry on this vision.

LikI: the third stontmason. when 1M membtrs KT1l5S Itt.. tountry comt toeethtr ea.:h monIh in a oontinutd and mlleaM corrrnitmml to actllena, udl is pIKing lIIlOthrr stont in our C~lhtd ra1. In UKnce. the American Inns of Court i. a group of legal profusionals wholt vision uttnds beyond simp\)' eami", a \jy. i"41 or .Nping a .JingIt stont to the pltttm of thc.>!t around them. it ;. 1 of...na.1aw can and shoukl tot. CMhednIs lImI't built by~" The: first Arntrican Inn of Court orga. niud in AWwna WllS tilt MontllOmery County. Alabama. Amtric:an Inn 01 Court, which WI.! clurtertd "" the 92nd AlC in the country. Keith Nornun, director of Prtitl1'lOmII 01 the Alabama State llar, who bottr ttrved III the Montgomery Inn'l first idministr'lOlor. """ 1M ClItalyst for 1M ~ of the Inn. Ktith had hurd about the I... rIlO'o'tfTItfll from 1 .iudIIe ol the Unitt<! Stale> Court of C\aims who _ I mtrnbtr of a Washington. D.C.. Inn. Ktith oontacted Judge Jostph Phtlpi lind mt about starting an Inn in Montgomtry. and an organi~ationll committee WllS

..won

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COSI·

Judle Christensen', drum ;. ruliud

by many Inn members. Dean Haward T.

chairman of the board 01 the AlC Foundation. in I me~ile in Ihe 1992 ;mnual ~, entitled "1'ht ~thedfl'l 01 the Americ.1n I"", 01 Court, - wrote: "In h;'~. 'Somr Suggutions for I::tr«!M Case I'nsmtltion,' Justice JICbon ~11s I puablt of th_ st~ A OJUtSliontr lISkiI udl 01 the stonei1\lS<')/\O wh.at Iht)' Irt doing. The: first replied. wi\h:)ut look· Ins up, 'eaming my \iv\ng.' And the "cond answers. '1 am shaping this MJ.r~.

THE ALABAMA LAWYER

• Resourres of our imernational network of}O offices at your disposal.

I'or morc information, pluK- call Mark Gallagher or Lcs Hankes at 4Q4~}~ Or fax 4~·m·0170

CAMPOS &

STRA T t S

NOVEMBER 199J / S83

C. Godbold was the featured ~.r. At a typical Inn meeting. nwmbers engage in mock trials. demonst",t. appellate argu· nwnts, or share insights about such top. les .. how to take a deposition. settle a ra,e. argue a case to the ju ry. with emphasis on competence and civility. There have been prograrru on how to .. ~ a jury in view of the requirements of Ba/son v. Xe n /uckg. 476 U.s. 79 (I986). and how to argue a cast before an appellate court, "'ith role players making some of the actua[ arguments made in PrzcUIC Mu/ual Lik Ins. Co. v. Hasiip. 499 U.S. ~ III S.Ct. 1021 (1991). a cak argued bero .. the Supre"'" Court 0( the United States. One of the roost interesting programs was one in which jurors who had J.eoved on a Montgomery jury in a cast that had betn videotaped 11)1 consent. told Inn members what portions of the opening argunwnts impreS$td them the most and "nat evidenct was roost ~rsua· sive and lea,t ~rsua.o;i""',· Several pro· grams have emphasized the importance of competence and civility. Pupilage groups are encouraged to prnenl pr<r grarru in a unique manner. keeping in mind that the goal of the Inn is to pro· mote legal excellence. civility. profession· alism. and ethics. Some Inns arrange for continui"ll legal roucatioo (CLE) credits for attendance at the programs. In fact. a

formed and the fll"$t nwding of the Inn

was held N<Nember 27. 1989 at the Capi· tol Cit;' Club. wlll'n United Stat"! Circuit Judge Frank M. Johnson. Jr .. now an emeritus membu of the Montgomery Inn. introduc~d Fifth Ci rcuit Court of Ap~al. Judge Patrick Higginbotham. who was the keynote speaktr at the din. ~r nwdi"ll.' The Montgomo'ry 1M is now rompristd 0( it. fun romp~nwnt 0( 65 Ia¥."el"$ and judgu. and the membership has been divided into stWO pupilagtc groups. each group composed of t hree maste r benche rs. three barristers and three pupil s. The president and counJ.elor do not seM' on a pupilage group ","'He they are in office. The office of president is filled annually. with the couTlSelor for the prior year moving into the president', position each yea r. The Inn ha, nine monthly meetings during the year. begin· ning in September and ending in May. The first meeting is an organizational meeting. changing office ... usigning mtmbership to pupilage groups. and providing a schedule 0( which pupilage group has responsibility for the monthly progr:lTM ~ Dfcmlber nwding is set ..ide for a >peeial program. a black·tie event. to which spouses or guests 0( nwmbers are invited. Al one of these Dw:mber meet· ings. Senior Court 0( AppelW Judge John

majorit;' of [nns throughout the country appry for continuing legal roUC.ltion cred· its for the sessions. but some 1ocII[ [nru. like the Montgomery Inn do 1\01; that is a matter of choice of the local Inn. The Montgomery Inn promoles collegialit;' b)' sharing dinner and rd reshments at the monthly meet ing. and the Masler Benchers ha~ held some of their meet· ings during the lunch hour at a local Tellauran\. \~"ile the English Inns of Court were the examples afler which the American Inns are patterned. lhot civi[it;' that is the hallmark of the Eng[ish Inn was not a""ays the cast. The English bench and bar may have faced some 0( the SIInw con· cems that Tl(\fI'o'oo the bench and bar in America. [n a ,peeeh delivered to the American Law Institute on May 18, 1971 on tthics and civility, the speaker quoted a gr~at 19th century Engli sh ba rriste r. Odg..... who. writing at the end of that century. observed the folJoo".ing: ••.. Of ill[ the mighty ch:utgeo that ha,.. taken place ;n the nineteenth century. the greatest change has been in the tone 0( the administra· tion of both the civil and the criminal law. The manners of our law courfl; haw maovelousl» improved. Former· Iy judges browbeat the pri:r.oners. jeered at their efforfl; to defend them·

r-----------------------------------------------, ADDRESS CHANGES Complete Ir.. lonn be""" ONLY if the,.., a,.., changes to your listing in the current Alal>ama BaT Dir«lOTy. Due to changu in the .tatut. I/W<mil\llel..:tion of b.lr commissioners ....'e now are ,..,quired to use members' off><:e addresses. unl ... ,..,.,. i. availab[e or a mo.r is prohibited from reaivil\ll state b.lr mail at the office. Additionally. the Alol>ama &tr Dir«IOTy is compiled from our mail. inj] list and il is important 10 use bUSiness addrt$5eO lor IMt ,..,ason. NOTE: [( ..... do not know 0( an oddr ... chang< . "... cannot make the necessary chang.. on our records. so p[ . ... notify u. when your add ress chang<s. M.il form to: AI"" Jo Hendrix. P.O. Ik>x 67 1. ,\Iontgom<ry. At 36 101. _ _ _ _ M,mb<r ldonlirlCllioo (Social S«urityl Number CMooo ....: Mr, 101... 0 Hon, Mi" lois. Ot!ler

...

Full N>m< B... i1ltSS Phone Numbe' V..r <i Admi"ioo

Birthdol<

r irm Off"" !-Wli., Ad<l .."

City

ZIP Code

Off"" SImI Ad<l .... (if diffmntlrom "..ilif'll! ockl ....1

Ciljo ZIP Code L _______________________________________________ ~

'""

384 1 NOVEMBER 1993

THE AWAMA LAWYER

setws. and tmSUrtd joria who hon· estly did their duty. Formuly. too, counsel bullied the witmssts md poMrttd ~ thly aid. "N(\IW the atlitude UId tempor ri Her ~I judges tOWllrd parties, witnesstS, lind prison", ~Ilkt h..u wholly changtd, and the Bar. too. bfhwt like gtntltmtn. Of coone if a witntu is delibtralely trying 10 cooceal lhe trulh. he mwt bt stYeuly cross·uamlned: but an hontst and innocmt witness is I10W aiwa}'s treattd with courtesy by cool\$tl on both ,idot. The moral tont of the Bar is wholly diffe.ent .•. thO)' no longer _k 10 obtIin I ttmpon,y 1Iictory by urQir means: they ..." .. thai it ilthotir duty to _ist w Court in elicitinc tilt troth. This is due partly IOU. l~ ~oI'tht Bar. partly nD doubt to the irWlutna ri an omnipramt pma; but still mort 10

"k,

l'Ilvt bt~n auociated. BOClu.e of tho !W.UR Ii our roles as Ilwyn$ one! j~ mel in-ww Ii tht fact thoI. tho practia Ii law ;. beoomi,." incruNngly rTlOft o:mpt!itM. it is IlTIIlt"RIkot that ~ PBCli« civility, both in IOd out II. court. I'.lwn we wert admlutd to pn.c1.ia 1Iw. we ...a.

took tho foIIowi,." oath: -I do wlemnly swear (or .. ffirm) that I will drrneln "')'KIf ... an il1tor· ney, accordinll to tho but of my lurning lind ability, and with all IIOOd fidtlity. u well to the court as 10 the dif-nt; that I will ust no falst· I"()Od or delay any porson·s caust for lucr~ or IIIllice lOd that I will support tilt Constitution Ii tilt Mo.'" Ii ~ :and II. tilt Unittd SUIts. ..,

IorIi as I continue .. citiun Ihmof. SO Iltlp mt

Cod.tchots tho go.al Ii hI:h

That short 0Mh

AmerlCln Inn of Court -

to promote

ItiIl oallan, civility, ~ism,

Her ~y',judges."

iII"od ethic:$. As tilt Right Honorablt The Lon! Co«

A, lin attiw member of t he Mon t-

of Chiewley said in In address at the Sloth Annual meeting of the American Inns of Cou . t: "freedom in the world

gomery Inn.t CUI highly ~nd itas bting the btst legal group with which I

dtptnds upon tilt dilponsing ri practical jU$lic;c :and tilt belief in tilt rult ri law." The ~ Ii tho I,..., I1"IOYtfIlftlt may be iIIrl1ITOtd up 1111 q.,oU mel by one ri Ihe spak~n at tM Inn·, 1992 mnml rnttIinc IOd WEen from In '" Will"""", 50 P.2d 129 (Okla.. 1935) (la>o~r was disciplintd beaust he I(UJlttd ttnp!o>,mmt in /I IIIlt((r that M tIlOd investigil1td :and plued upon while he was in public fITlPlo,): "Profej.$iollli ethics i. nol a di$tinct $)'$\tm of m::llality. but ;t is tht application of the ac«pt.td iIaI1dards ri tight and WI"OOII to the oonduct of profusiofllli men in the bwin"" rtlWon$ poo;uliu 10 thoir ~. II employment. II is not impOrUnt whit tilt prol'nsion lillY bt or the nil1Urt 01 tilt rtLaIlons rauJting from it, lor under a.l1 circumsuno:ts the first <My 01' tllery businessman is 10 oooduct his bu$inw with inttgrity. In the 1Itntra.l Iftalmtnl ri this .wi>jtct il I"W lOrIlttifitS I\ar>pmtd thaI too much strw has been put on tht adjectiw ·professiONI: SO lhal Ihe subslanllve ·ethlcs· hal been lost

Attention!

Pro Hac Vice Attorneys who ha\·e associated with out-or"state attorneys on pro hac \'iCf applications In orlltr to . 0·01<1 disciplinar y action. auomoy, lillN as local oounsct (1l105e ..ho lIa.e utOCUo,ed will! ou\-o(·SIltItc .nomeys) on PI1l h.c v~ awl;"lIiQ." lhould Lake ""'" of the pm:cdUl"e$Ihcy should follow f()f compliance: with Rule VII. Ruleo o.wom;nl Admi .. ioo to lhe: AI.bama S,altc BOT. II i11lle respoosibilily of the: local oounscl to Ootify the Nr as to the diSpOSition by the caun of the: application for admis· sion. Spt('ificaliy, tile ",Ie lIate$ thaI the court shoold Oot rule on the: application un ,il I Sla,o"",n, il reai ..,,, from the Alabama liar. '"Once this '13.,e"",n1 is rettivw, the court or odministralive ag"noy $hall i ..... an or<kr van'in. Of denyins the "",,1;"lIion. A CO!')' Q( each ordtr annein, or denyinllhe: application shall bt mailed by the local roo,...,) 10 the Alabama SIltItc Bar II ;1$ MontaortttrY. Alat.no offICe." If the casc was sculed Of dismissed prior 10 the btina issued on the PI1l appl;"lIion. the bar m.... .,ill bt nolirlcd 0I1t. disposition. A. If the pctitionrr panicipated in the Clst in "~J ".Y (i.e... d~ 1'IOrt.. ckpos;';ons. filinp. toe.). on ()I'dtr

S,a,.

"'*'

""".io:e

must bt Wued either ~'" Of drnyina the: oppI;':"ioo. B. J( the: pe!ilioner did _ JW1idpate. pltlst mab ..... bar .,,~ of thi. fact in ... ritin .. Any q .. <'Stlonl should lit dir«tN 10 Cltrlss le T.... ntlno, PH V Admissions. a t (205) 269· 15 IS or 1-800-.J5.l..61 S-' (I n _lI . t ~ ..·aIJ).

THE ALABAMA LAWYER

NOVEM8ER 1993/ 3115

light 01, ••• Thtrf: iI 00 difft m-a ~twnn pe:.~1 and professional Tho American Inn 01 Court ~mmt Iw bttn ducribed by t"'- who ~ PI.tici pated in , local Inn IS being the mOil product.ve and enjoyable lawyfT organiution of which they are membeTi. Typial of the com menu it ont ma de by Mr , Ju.tict Anthony M. Kenllfdy wlltn he wa$ a membe r of the Ameri can Inn of Court in Sacramento. Cal iforn ia: "'The American Inns of Court promote collegi ality of Il wyor, and judgu withou t . egu d to th e profit motivC' Senior U. S. Ci rcuit Judge John C. Godbold. an Alabama lawyer. spoke to the MontQo:lmtry Inn in Dt<:tmbe. ]991. and ~ summed up the success d the Inn rl"ICMmtnt in " Itttn to Iormtr Chid Jutti« W"rnn E.. Burg..

Tho Inn;, vital and lM!Y. pursuing splendid OOjKtMI in "n appropriale ,rwu"" . /olanyof lhe younger iawytrs who have not bem lIdmined to membtnhip an iUI1ious 10 got in. "Ithoughl that you WOI.IId likt to hI.~ this good rtpOrt .......

For mOre informalion "bout the Amerie"n Inns of Cou. t. tontllct the Ex«utivt D;.«to" Amt.ican tnns of Cou. t Foundation . 1125 Duke Street. Suite 630. Alexandria. Virginia 22314. 1'hoot (7031 tjM·3590. Fax (703) 684-3607, •

, •

Endnot••

"This i, to g;ve )'OU " progress repo.t aboul one of )'Ou r speel,,1 inlnests. "t wu a membe r of tilt Judicial Confe rtnu when you first present· ed the Idta of the Inns of Court .... A mon th iIQO I .pollt 10 the Irm her. In Montl/OfTltry, Tho experiena wa!! proof 1hl.1 Ihe idea tw .u<:cHded.

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THE ALABAMA LAWVE R

Delinquent Notice

Licensing/Special Membership Dues

1993-94 All Alabaml Attorneys

The dual invoice for licenses or sJl'!cial memberships was mailed in mid-Septemllt!r and was to be paid bet....'een October I and October 31. If you have not purchased an occupational license or paid special membership dues, you are now delinquent! In Acth'e Pm'ate Practice:

Any attorney who engages in the ac!iw private practice of law in Alabama is required to purchast the occupationallicenst. The predict of law is defined in Section 34-3-6, Code 01 Alabama, 1975, as ClJm'nded. (Act *92-600 was passed by the Alabama Ltgulature and amended

Section 40-12-49, Code ofAlabama, 1975, effective October 1, 1992.) Occupational License...$287.50 {includes automatic 15 percent late penalty) Not in Actiw Pm'ale Practice:

An attorney not engaged in the active private practice of law in Alabama may pay the special

membership fee to be a member in good standing. Judges, attorneys general. United States attorneys. district attorneys. etc., who art! exempt from licensing by virtue of a position held. qualify for spÂŁdal membership. (Section 34-3-17 & 18. Cede ofAia/xnno. 1975. as amended)

Spe6a1Membel'lohip Ouu.. 's125 (penalty not applicable) Direct any questions to:

Aiiceio Hendrix. Membership Services Director, at 1-800-354-6/54 (m-s/ate WATS) or (205) 269-1515 immediate/II!

THE AL\RA."tA LAWYER

NOVEMIlER 1993 / 387

I OPPORTUNITIES The following programs have been approved by the Alabama Mandatory Continuing l.£gal Educotion Commission for CLE credit. For information regarding other ot-a;lobie approved progrorru. contad Diane 11~{don. odmini5tralive assistant for programs. 01 (205) 269-1515, and a romplele CLE calendar will be mailed /0 you. November 9 T.... d.y LAWYERS PROFESSIONAL LIABIL1TY

lIinningham CNA Insurance Compani~ Cr"di~:

4.0 Co.!: $35 (312)822-1548 VOCATIONAL &: ECONO~ [C

EVALUATION OF A PERSONAL

lNJURYCASE Birmingham. Sheraton Perimeter Park South

University of North Alabama Credits: 8.0 Cost: $175 (205) 76(}-4862 11 Thu ..... y

BAD FAITH LITIGATION lNALr\BAMA

Mobile, Ramanda Resort &: Conference Center

National Businesslrutitutt. Inc. emits: 6.0 Cost: $128 (715) 835-&525 12 Fria, LAW OFfiCE MANAGEMF:NT

BAD f AITH LITIGATION IN ALABAMA Montgomery. Riwrfront Inn National Business Institute. Inc. Credits: 6.0 Cost: $128 (715) 835·8525

HI Tue• • , HOWTO DRAFT WILLS AND TRUSTS IN ALABAMA Binningham. Radisson Hotel National Busin~ss lrutitute, Inc. Credits: 6.0 Cost: SIZ8 (715)835-8525

17 Wed". __ , HOW TO DRAFT WilLS AND TRUSTS IN AlABAMA Huntsville. Holiday Inn Research Park National Businoss lrutitute. Inc. Credits: 6.0 Cost: $128 (715) 835·8525 18 Thu...s.., OlRECT &. CROSS EXAMINATION Binningham. Medical Forum Alabama Bar Institute for CLE Credits: 6.0 (800) 627-6514

Birmingham. Edna Merlo Carraway C~nler Alabama Bar institute fur eLE

Credits: 2.8 (800) 627·6514 ELDER U\W Binningharn Cumbtrlarnllnstitute for ClE Credits; 6,0 (800) 888-7454 BUSINESS TORTS &. ANTITRUST U\W Binningham Cumberland Institute for CLE Credits: 6.0 (800) 888·7454 388 ! NOVEMBER 1993

ALABAMA SALES AND USE TAX UPDATE Mobile Nalional Business Instituto, Inc. Credits: 6.0 COit: $128 (715) 835-8525 1.. 19 FEDERAL TAX CLINIC Tu.scalOOQ, Bryant Conference Center Alabama Bar In:ltitute for ClE Credit" 13.0 (800) 621-6S]4

HI Fri., DIRECT & CROSS EXAMINATION

Montgomery, Civic Center Alabama Bar Institute for CLE Cred its: 6.0 (800) 627·6514 FAMilY U\\II Binningh.m. Edna Merle Carraway Center Alabama Bar Institute for CLE Credits: 6.0 (800) 627-6514 ISSUES IN EMPLOYMENT U\W Birmingham Cumberland Institute for CLE Credits: 6.0 (800) 888·7454 ALABAMA SALES AND USE TAX UPDATE Montgomer)' National BusineM lrutituto . Inc. Credits: 6.0 Co.t: $128 (7 ]5) 835·8525

December 1 Wenesete, BUSINESS TAXATION AND yoo ·END Pl.I.NN[NG Bi rmingham Lorman Business Center. [nc. Credits: 6.0 COit: $135 (7[5)833-3940 2 Thu.... ,

NEW FORECLOSURE AND REPOSSESS[ON IN ALABAMA Birmingham National Businw; Institute. Inc. Credili: 6.0 Cost: $128 (715) 835·8525

3 Fri., ESTATE Pl.I.NNIt;C Birmingham. Pickwick Conference Center THE ALABAMA U\\\lYER

Al~bama

Bar Institut. forClE Credla: 6.0 18(0) 627·6514

Alabama Bar Institute for ClE Crediu; 6.0 (800)627-6514

I\M'KRUPTCY LAW 8irmingtwn. Mtdiaol Forom ,o\hbamo Bar Institute lor CLE Crediu: 6.0 (800) 627-6514

FRAUD AND BAD FAIn-! LITlGATIOS Birminghllm. Civic Calter AlabIIma B.ir Institute for ClE Credits: 6.0 (800)627·6514

AI'l't:L1ATE PRACTICE Birm ingham Cumbul~nd Institut. for CLE Crtdits: 6.0 (800)888-7454 7 Tue ....'

CONS]])ERAnONS IN BIMNG" SELLING A BUSINESS Birmingham NatioNl BU$inw Institute, Inc. CrediU: 6.0 Co:ot: SI28 (715) 835·8525

RECENT DEVEl.OPMENTS FOR TIlE CIVIL LITIGATOR Mobiit CumberWld Jnstitute for CLE CmlilS: 6.0 (800)888-7454

PRODUCT L».KILITY Birminglum Cumborland Institute for ClE Credits: 6.0 (800) 888-7454

.Thurada, Al.ABA.," UPDATE

Mobiit. Riwrvitw PI.w. Hottl ,o\hbamo B.ir Institute for CLE Cmlia: 6.0 (800)627·651 4

COllECTION LAW Birmingham Lorman BU$in.» Center. If'(. Credits: 6.0 COdt: SI35 17l5)833·~0

10 fridll, 1"''ffi000CT0RY ARBITRATOR SKILLS Birmingham Amtrican Arbitr.ltion Association Crwit5: 3.0 Cost; 560 (4{\41325-0101

INTERMEDIATE ARBITRATOR SKILLS Birmingtwn An'Ierian Arbitr.ltion Association Credib; U Cost: S60 (4{\4) 325-(1101

AL'.RAMA UPDATE MontQonwl)'. Civic Center

THE AL\l:WoIA LAWYER

WORKERS COMPENSATION MOIlll/Ollltry Lorman Busioa.s ((nter, Inc. Crediu: 6.0 Cost: S125 (7 15)833-3940

CONSIDERATIONS IN BUYINC AND SELLING A BUSINESS Hunl.lVille NatioN,l Businu.l Institute. Inc. Crediu: 6.0 Cost.: SI28 (1 15) 835-8525

11 hlu"", ADVANCED ARBITRATOR SKILLS Birmingham American Arbitration Association Cn:diu: 3.0 Cost: $60 (4O-t)325·0101 14 Tue"'-Y AUTOTORTS (\1DEO) 1'usa1ooi.i. Uw ((nter ~ Blor Institute for ClE CrediU:6.0 (800) 627·6514

,SWHIM.d., DIRECT & CROSS EXAMINATION (VIDEO) Tusat.oosa. Law C.nter ,o\hbamo B.ir Institutt lor CLE Credib:6.0 (800) 627-6514

11'"'''....' AlABAMA UPDATE Huntsville. Civic ((nter Alabama Sar Instilute for CLE Crtdits: 6.0 (800) 627-6514 ~"RAUD ANO

6AD FAIn-! LlTIGAnON (VIDEO) Tusaloosa.. Uw Call •• AWlima Sar Instituttlor CU: Credits: 6.0 (800) 627-6514 MASn :RING n-!E 1994 TAX SEASON-AN A."NUAL UPDATE fluntsville. Holiday Inn AllIbilma Society 01 ((rtifotd Public Accountanb Credits: 8.0 COll: SI65 (205) 8J.t.1650

17 Fri., AJABAI," UPDATE Birmingham. Civic C~nl er AWt.lama flar Institute for CLE Credits: 6.0 (800)627·6514

DIRECT & CROSS EXA.""NATION (VIDEO) Birminghllm AlabIIma Sar Institut~ for ClE CTwits: 6.0 (8001627·651 4

2N1 SKI &CLE RECENT DE~'ELOPMt:NTS FOR THECMl LITIGATOR Cmled Butt •• CoIoDoIo. Gr.lOd Bulte Hotel AlabamaSar Instilul. for ClE Credits: 20.0 (800) 627·6514 ""OVE~IBER

1993 / 389

An Overview of the Application of the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 to Employees of Private Employers I>v Mark $Irttlglh

.IntroducUon The !'Imily Ind Medical

Lu~

Act 01

1993 (I'MLAJ ~ tfl'ertivt on Augus;! 5, 1991.ln IlI\Iubtll, ~ FMi.A mj'lIim pr;vilt employe r, ....1>0 .mploy 50 or rroo« emplo)lH:110 prOYidr 1Mi. t~ us wilh i mlIlimum of 12 wrek. of unpaid In.... upon the birth of .. chikl. ~mtnt of .. child IlIrough NJpIioo or Iolter art. wIltn an tmployft is rIftdrd

to car, 10.-1 flmily rrotmbtr. Or when an tmplO')'tt ;. umble to work dut to i serio ous hullh condition. This article pro· vi<lel a general O'o'eMtw 0( Iht pTO'lisions of Title I 01 tht PMI.A applicab le 10 ernpioo,oHs 01 prr.'lolt ernplO')'t1"$. Tille I 0( th. FMLA is codified at 29 U.S.C. If 2601 ·2619. At lilt t;1Ilt of the writing of this article, th. Department of labor (DOL) t.ad issued its Inttrim Rtgulitions pntl;n;nlll!) Ti\l, I.' Th. r.gulations implemmting tht FMLA II'! to bt C(ldjrl.~ht 2'9 C.r.R. Pirt 825.Emp loy, .. EII, lbl, For Luvo 129 U.S . C. f 2611(2 ); 29 C.f. R. II 825. 110.825.1111 An tmplO)ft ilia}' be eligible /(Ir It "''' under lilt FMI.A if he or sht (l) tw been employed by a c(Wered emplo~r for al

390 I NOvt:MBF.R 1993

lust 12 monlhs. (21 tw ~n tmpl~ lor al lust 1.250 hours 0/ stMct during tho 12-montll ptriod prior 10 Iht rommencement of Ille luve, and (3) ;. employed u 10 work"te whue t ho tm~r Iw at 50 or roo .. empl~ ...i thin 75 milts 01 tho WO<bite (as measum! ;n MIni« mila on public 1Wds) on tho dot. the tmpiv,ft r<q~ Ju.... Tile f'MLA dots not requir. tlleal an empiO)'H requesting Ita .... Ilea,.. worktd 12 ('.OfIJt<;uti .... monthl to ~ eligible /Qr lea ..... Employus included on an employer', payroll for any put of a week are counted U havi ng worll ed a n entire weell. In casu 01 intumiUont or occa· siOOllI employment, 52 weeks is dumed to be fquallo 12 rnonthL In uleulatin, the number 01 worll hours for iOn employtf, an employn should, for Ihost.rnpIoyfts, CI,I\.'OmI by Ihe Fair l.Ibor SlIndllrds Acl (r !.SAl, coont """"" hours as they Me defined by tho FLSA. EmpIoytts for whom no worIc hour ffi;()J'd$ art kept btauw lhey a .. uempt Irom tile "!.SA and who h;l.," worktd for at lust 12 monthl"e presumed to meet tht 1.250 hours 0/ 5tMt! .. quirtrntn\ for r MLA lea .... eligibility. An employ •• ', "work, ;t." ordinarily

will be the site to which the emplo~... rtports. or if thert is no such site. the IocAlion from ""'leh tho e~·. work is assigned. In Ih. caW: of .mployees JIleh as u.]e$pC:'JOnS and co ..... ruction ...,mn ......, IvYt no rotd worksit •• tho worksile will be conside ..d to be th • emplo~es' hom. b.... , Ihe sit. from whkh work ;, iUSigned, or tho .it. to which the emp!oyffs .. port.. A worksile ~y be iO lingle 10000tion Or a group 0/ contilllJ(lU!liou.tions. and .."..rate buildings Or areas art a .ingl. worksit. if thty a]'fc in reasonable geographic pro~;mity. .rt used for tilt ,,-me pUrpo$t. and share the urn. Itaff and equipment. If an employer. for .wmpl •. mlIna,gtS se....nl w... houses within I city and routinely shifts employmi from one "",.. t>oost to UIOIhtr, the "",.. howes would bt ron_ sidtml a lil\ll~ worksik.

'e or

C" ....... Private Employert [29 U.S.C. I 26 11(4J(AI: 29 C.r. R. It 825.10<&-825.1071 Emplo)'Ors who Ili.... employed 50 or mort employ.n for eath working day duril'g uch of 20 Clr mOre calendar workwuks in tho cumnt or procttding taltn~r ~ar are subjed to the PMIA. THE ALABAMA LAWYER

TIw Inttrim Regulations SUIt tNl I privale tmp~r is aMrN by lilt FMLA if Ihe employer m.l.inllined 50 or more employees on ils payroll during 20 or more calendar worl".,uks (not tomecu· live workweeks) in either the current yur O<'!hI: pnading yor. A put·lime or full·time employee whost namt is included on an tmploy· er'I ~l is OOTIfidntd 10 k emp!oyod on tach working day of the cllendar wtek and must be counted regardless of whether compens.otion is paid for the wtek or "'tlether lhe employee acl ... lly

... lilionship bttIo'ttn mlita is ~ in its enti ... ty.lfthe inltgn-ttd e~r test is met, then tilt tmployH:o of all the tnli t iu making up Ihe integrated employer are counled in dete rmining both employee eligibilllY and employer

-"",.

TIw ......tionlhip bdwHn two or mort bu$intSSts, wlKn ~ in ill IOtIlily, mil' gi~ .ist to joinl employtr sliltul under the FMLA wh". the bu.ine"u e~.rcist some control ow. the work or working conditions of employees. 1f two o. mon businessts ue deemed to be

Please note: The publication date of the bar directories has been

changed from December 1993

to June 1994 performs any work. An employl'l' wno is out on paid or unpaid Itaw (t.g., FM LA It~, .... va of .wtnct, disciplirg,ry suspensions. etc.1 is counltd 50 long as the employu h.u I 1'USOIIibit Upectalion thaI Ihe employee will laltr rdum 10 ""'iYt tmploymtnl. Employl'l'S on tem· p(lnry, Iong·lerm or indefinite layoff a... not counted. An employtt who doO$ not be,;n to work for an tmp~r until Ute. the first working day of I altnda. WHk o. who Itrmirg,tn employment before lhe WI """",,ng ~ 011 calendar week is not counttd as I1mng been tmploytd on taCh working day of tilt caltndar "'uk. The legal enlity thaI employs an employee no rmally is the employee·s tmp~r w"ldtr the FMIA A COfPOT1tion is an emllio'itr, not its divWoru andIor other st~rlte "tablishmtnll. Two Or mort st~ratt legal tnliti", how~r, will be dttmed to be the sillik ·inltgnl. ed tmploytr" of an employtt under lhe FMI.A if Ihe inltgrated employer lest is Silisfied. TIw elemtnts of the integnted emllio'itr test includt thor following: (I) Common manago:mn'lt; (2) Inleml.1.tion bttwHn apm,tions; (3) IAnlraliud con· lrol of Iibor relilions; and (~) ~ of common .....TltrshiplfiNlnci.ol control. No element of lhe integrated employer Itsl Is considered in isolation: rather, the

Joinl em ployers, Ihen tach jointly employed employee mwt be counled try each business in determining ~mplOl" diaibilily and employe r cow rillt. For txl.mplt, an tmployer ..'ho h.u 40 per· manenl workers of ilf own lnd who emplOYl 15 workerl from I temparary help agency il C(M:red by the FMLA The follcrwing factors are 10 be considertd in delermining whether a joinl employer rell.tionshlp r:xists: (1) Natu ... and degM 01 control OWl" tmploytts; (2) ~ 01 direct or indirect fl.q)rrvision 01 wort: (3) Power to dtttnni .... plOy n tts or methods 01 plI)'rIltnl: (~) Indirecl or direcl righl to hire or terminate employees or aUer employment conditions: and (5) Prepara· tion of payrollind l'Iyment of wages.. The OOI.'s Inttrim Rtguliliom state thil I joinl emllio'itr relitionship oI\tn r:xists in the followina litliltions: (I) When thert is an agreement 10 shart an employee's se""icu or to interchange employees; (2) When one employer indio rtttly Or directly acts in the inlereSI of the other ernp!oytr with regard 10 lhe emp!oytt; or (3) "''lItn tht tmplvttrs lTe not dif.l.uocilltd with regard 10 an tmpio)ft's tl"flllloymmt ind Ire ~med to share conlrol of tilt employ« btGall$t one employer conlrols, is conlrolled try, or is unde r common conlrol with the

BAR DIRECTORIES

1992-93 EDITION A1ahama State Bar J\1embers: 525.00 each Non-Members:

_-'"

$40.00 each

_-..

Alabama Slate ~r Di rectory P.O. Bol4156 Montgomery. Alabama 36101

NOVEMBER 1993 / 39 1

other employer. A primary joint employer (authorit~'responsibilit~ to hire. fire. makt aMignments. and make payroll) is respOnsible for pn:..iding lea"" and ful· filling other obligations under the FMLA A ~condary joint employer "..ith SO or more empIO)~es. including joint employee" is prohibitW from discriminating or rel./lHating against employees exercising rights under the FMLA In cases "..here an employer i. a "sue·

ce.sOr in interest" unde r the FMLA. emplOjlffS' entitlements are the same as if the empl()},ment by the predecessor and suee"",",r "...,re continuous empl"l" ment by a single empl()},er. The foil.,..,... ing factors "..ill be considued to delennine "..hether an employer is a suc· cessor in interest: m Sui»l./Intial conti· nuity of the SlIme business operations: (2) U~ of the Q/1le plant: (3) Continuity of the ".....,rk force: (4) Similarity of jobs

Alabama State Bar Recent Admittees August 1993 Maureen Kane Berg Birmingham. Alabama Peter Welch Coliery Madison, Alabama Jelfry Barry Gordon Binningham. Alabama Kimberly Goldfarb Gordon Binningharn, Alabama Alvin Floyd Harris, Sr. Eight Mile. Alabam;o Eliubeth J. Hubtrlz Montgomery. Alabama E:lizabeth Barry Johnron Mobile, Alabama John Charles KelSf}' Centre. Alabama Kry>tin Lind.<;trom Mobile. Alabama Pamela Lauren Surrmers Montgomery, Alabama E:""ret! McRae Urech Charlottesville. Virginia

392 ' NOVE:MBE:R 1993

and ""'rking conditions; 15) Similarity of .upervisory personnel: 16) Si milarit~ in machinery, equipment, and production methods: (7) Similarity of products Or services; and (8) The ability of the predect$$Or to provide relief. No one factor is to be singled out, and the circumstances are to be vi ....-ed in their Iotality. Situ atlo" , In Which tuve il To Be Made Available By Private Employer. 129 U.S.C . § 26 12(a): 29 C.F.R. U 825. 112-825.1181 Employers covered by the FMI.oI. are required to grant leave to eligible employees undtr the following circum· stances: 0) The birth of ~ "son" or "daughter: and to car( lor a n."..bom child;' (2) Plaament with an employe. of a son Or daughter through adoption Of foster care: (3) The employee i, "needed to care lor" a ",pous.: ,on, daughter. or ·parent" "..ith • ",.riou. health condition": or (4) Inability of an employee to ~rform the functions of his or her job d"" to a "seriow health con· dition: The terms "son" and "daughter" reler to a biological, adopted or foster child, a 'tepchild, a legal _rd, or. child of per· son standing ;>11000 parer/lis"..ho is (1) under 18 years of age or (2) 18 jll'ars of age or old.. and "incapable of ~I f..,.r." becau~ of a "mental Or physica( disability: A chi ld is "incapable of self care" "..hen the child require, active assistance or .u~rvi'ion to provide daily ..1f..,.re in several of the activities of daily living, including grooming and hygiene. bathing, drusing, eating, cooking, cleaning, ,h<.>pping. taking public transpOrtation, paying bill,. maintaining a residence, wing telephones and directories. Or wing a post office. A child has a "mental or phy,ical disability" if the child', major life .ctivili ..' are limited by (I) any physiological disorder. Or con· dition. cosmetic disfigurement. or anatomica(1oss affe<:tin8 one or TI"l()Te of the follO'Wing body syslems--neurologi· ca l. museuloskelua l. special sense organ,. respiratory (i ncluding ,peech organ,), cardiovascular, reproductive, digestive. gen ito·urinary. hemic and lymphatic. skin and endocri .... or 12) any mental or psychologica l disorder. such as mental retardation. organic brain syn. drome, emotional or mental illness, and ~cific kamin8 disabilities. THE ALABAMA I.oI.WYER

An tmp!oyft is "rftdtd to cau for" ~ family mtmbtr wIltn lIltu is a nhd lot' psycholoCiaol mdlor physical cart. ~nd indum tIM followinl' (I) Coori", lor ~ f~mily membe:r whtn a u riou. hnlth condition maku I family member I.Imble to cart lor Ilia or hu own bask mtlIial. hnitnic. or nutritioml ntt<h Or Wtty. or is uniblt to tTalUj>Orl him. self or hentlf to I physician: (2) I'roYid· ing psychologic,l comfo rt lnd UMlUn,r.ct to a seriou.lly ill child or parent receiving inpatient Ca rt (i.e .• an OYI'mighl sUyl: (3) Filii", in for other> who art pl'OYidin8 cart for a family mem. btr: and (4) ~hking urangemtntJ for chanllU in cart. such iQ ~ Ir.uufu to a

nurlina!. home. A "spouu· is

husNnd or ... ift u

ckl'imd or rtcOilliEtd lIfldtr appliablt slate la ... for purposu of marriag •.

induding common 11Iw mirriagt in statu whert il is r«agniEtd. A ·portnt· is I bioloQic.lol pnmt or m individ~1 who stands or stood in /oro parentis to in tm ploytt ... hen tht tmp!oyft was ~ child . The tenn "parent" doo not include p3.rtnts "in la.... • A ",,,iOU$ htllth condition· is m illness, injury, Imp3.;rmtnt. Or physical or mtnUI condition thit inl'Olvts ont or rroou 01 tilt foIlowina: (I) Any period 01 inc,~ity or trtatmont in connution with inpatltnt cart for any period in a hospiUI. hospict or raidenti;ol mtdiaol ~ bcility; (2) Any ptriod 01 incapacity mtUirina!. abstnce from work. school. or othtr rtaul~r d;oily acti";ti ••• of mo. t t han th ret "Itndar days. t hat .Iso inl'Olvu conlinuin g treatmenl by. or undtr tht luptrvi.ion of. , health cart pTOYidtr; (3) Continuing Irealmtnt by. or undu tht lupervision of. a health ca.. providtr fo r I ch . onic o r long·ttrm htllth condition that is incurable or so serious thit, il not t..al.d, likely would rnult in i period 01 incapacity of mDI"t tI\m thlft Gllmdat d;oys: or (41Conlin .... iR/il trutmmt by, or undor lilt SUptM. lion of. a hulth Cl rt provider for prmatal ~:

II "hnlth GI . t p. ovider· i. ei lh.. ~ doctor 01 mtdkine or osteopathy who is lIUthoriztd to pract ice mtdicint o r surgtry in lilt ltate in which lilt doctor pooktt or In)' othtr ptrwn dt~rmined by tht OOt to bt Glpablt of providing hulth c~.t 5trvlcf5 (t.g., podiatrist •. dentists. clinical p.ycho log i. ts . THE ~1lAMA LAWYER

op\omt\rists, chiroprxtors. num prac· titioners. UId nUTH midwivts). "Continuina tfeltmtnt by. or under tht lupervision of. a hulth Clrt I'f"\l'o'dtr" mtlI'IS ont or man: of lilt foIlowina: (I) Two Of mOrt trutmtnts (oorlTlllly durina ~n offict visit) by a health GIlt prOYio,Itr for m injury or ill· nUl: (2) Two or molt trutmtnts by II provider of hulth ca.t services (e.g.. I physiQItlltrapitt) under ordors of. or on re/eml by. II htalth cart provider: (31 One trtatmtnt for m injury Or illnt5s by II health Cart pTOYidtr that results in a regimt of continulna treatment undtr 1M supeMsion oIa Iltidth C/Irt proo.idtr II Courst of mtdiaolion or lIltnpy to rtsolvt tilt health conditionl: Or {41 Cmtinuing wptrvision of. bul not neeUJlIrily bting adivdy truted by, II hfllth GUt providtr dut to a $t riou. 100000·ltnn or ChfOOic condition or dis~bility ... hich cannot b. cured (t .g ., Alzheimer', patil1lts. ptrsons ... ho haw sufftftd I ItWIt stroke, or persons in tht ttrmi ..... ls!agu oIa disast who may not bt rtttivinQ activo medicalt.ut· menU. An tmplO)ft is unable to perform tht functions of his or Iltr position ...hero II health care pTOYider Iw found that tht tmplo)oH is IIrIIble to perform In)' work .t all or is ~ to perform my of lilt "tutnti;ol functions" 0( the tmployft·s position. "Eutnti;ollunctions· mtlI'IS tilt fund.>.mtnlloi job duti •• of lilt employ. ment posilion tilt tmploy« holds md dots not includt tilt IrIIflIinai functions 01 lilt position.'

".g..

Typ ", And Durat ion Of Loan 129 U. S.C . • 26 12(1). (b). (e) &l (0. 29 C,F. R. II 825.2 00 ·82 5.205 « 825.207{')1 The FMLA tntitlu eligiblt .mp~.... es, under tilt cif(umstancu defined in Part IV . abovt. to a minimum of 12 totlll workwttks 01 unpaid In,," during iny 12·month period. Emplo)'us ut ptrmitttd to sel«t one: 01 tilt IoIlowiflll mtthods lor dtttnnining tilt bt8innin8 and tnd of. 12-month ptriod: (I) The Clltndlor)Ur; (2) A IUtd 12·month -It~vt )'Hr: luch u ~ fIScal )'Hr or I yu.r starti"ll on m employet'. "linnivtnary" d;ole: (3) 12 months!l'ltll· sured /otw.l.rd from lilt dat. tilt employtt'S first FMI.A Invt b'Qins: Or (4) A " rolling" 12·mon th ptriod measured backward from tht date Ita"" il used

(uch timt FMLA Iflve is taktn t ht rtlrllinin8 ltavt tntitlemtnt would bt any balm« 01 tilt 12 WHb that tw not bun uscd during Iht p. tuding 12 monthlo).' An tmplo~r dui ring to thang. iI. mtthod of nlculatina tht 12·month ptriod mutt 11M .t I.;os! 60 days noti~ to all tlllf)loytu. UId tho tn,rui!lon must u.ke pI.!« in loch I WIly that tmp\oy«s feUin tM full btntfit 0112 ~ks oIleave undt r whichever mtthod a(fo.ds the gr~atut htnefitl lO tM emplQyff5. lIuidu allowing tmployus to tat<., 12 COIlSKutM Wftks of lta~ duri"ll II 12· month period, the FMl.A al107o<1S, unckr ttrllin tif(ulTI$\lncu, for (I) in~nnit· tmt Itavt or (2) 11 reductd Itavt schtd· ult.lntennittml. Itavt or a rtduud Ieavt Khtdult ITIlY be: uud wlMn mtdically nuUSlry in GIstS who"" !taw it Ilktn d... to I serious health coodition of IlK tmplo)oH Or tilt tmp!oyft'l spoust. child or partn\. An ernployH is not entitled to int.. mittent lnve or a rtductd luve scht<lult In conntdion with the birth or pi;ocemtnt oIa child. unlos.s tilt employer and tht tmplo~. agre< otherwise. MOrfQVfr. if I hUlbaond an d a wife art both tligible for FMLA l.avo and a rt tmp!oytd by tilt Qmt tm~r. they alt ptnnitltd to \.akt only , combined IOIal 01 12 ... ukl 01 lnvt durina lny 12· month ptriod if 11M Itavt is takm in a;nntclion ... il h Iht bi rth of ~ child, pLl«fnent 01, child through idopIion or Iosttr Clrt. or lhe GIrt of a sick partnt (lilt limiUlion appIits tlltn if tho 5j)OUi-os alt tmpto,otd at diff~ltnt worlWtes or in difftrtnt opeTiting di visions of tht Qmt company), Intumitt.nt luv. i. to be uken in $tparatt blocks of time dut 10 a lingle 111.11 (\1\101. 1-II1I1I-2'2-lS11

I.",,,,

]I",,,

Pm,",

.·_11, ......... -

._-

' S-koWo_ ' ~$a'"

.... _ .. _ ...11 f ....... 1_ ..IioI ......,. oM, , ... ~ ..,_ ...... .....

_50""_ ....._

T I N ~N .TI.f1..; 1t WOOllCaAfT£tu, I NC. IIII-po . .... ' .0 ....... JS5

, ,, ..,hltt.

AL ",,76

NOVEM8ER 1993 1393

injury or illness. Examples of cases in whkh intermittent leavt rrI/Iy be taken are (I) leave taken On an occasional basis for medical appointments and (2) leave tak~n se .... ral days at a time OVtr a period of months for chemotherapy treatment. A reduool Ita..." Khedule facilitates the reduction of an empl~e's wual num· ber of hours per worlo..."ffk Or hours per wor kday. Normally a reduced lea" e schedule will invol"e " shift from full· time to part·time employment. Examples of .ituation' in which a reduced leave schedule may be utilized are m when an empl~e, with the employer's constnt. works part-time after the birth of a child and (2) when an employee r~perating from a ~riow health con· dition is not stTlll1.l! enough to work full · time. The FMLA impose. no limit on the I~ngth ora leaV<' period when an employee takes intermittent leave or take. lea.... on a reduced lea .... schedule. Employers. ho»~ver. rrI/Iy restrkt leaV<' incrementJ to the 'rrl/lII~st amount of time that the employer'. payroll system use. to account for ab~nces. For example. if an employer' s payroll system uses time peliocb of an hour or less to aa:ount for

ab~nc ... then an employte may be able to take two hours of lea'~ for a doctor's appointment Or work a reduced day of four hours while recuperating from an illness. 11 an employe. requ<stJ intermittent lea .... or lea .... on a reduc.d ifavoe sched· ule that is foTt$oeeable baud on planned med ical treatment. the ~mploye r may require the employee to transfer tem· porarily to an available alternative posi· tion for which the emplO)-u is qualified and which better accommodate. the employee'. recurring periods of leave. The alternative position must have equivalent pay and benefits. but is not required to have equivalent duties. Employers may increase the pay and benefits of an ~xisting alternative posi · tion so that the pay and benefits are equivalent to those of an employee's reg. ular joo. Empl~rs may also transfer an employee to a part· time job ",ith the same hourly rate of pay and benefit •. p""";ded the employee is not required to take more leave than is m«IiCilI\;' IlI'ces"0· When an emplO)-'ee takes leave on an intermittent Or reduced leave schedule. only the amount of lea .... actually taken

r - - ------'HEAlTH CARE AUDITORS. INC . _ _ _ _ _ __ _ ,

I-IC:: ~ I

MEDICAl/DENTAL MAIPRAcnCE EXPER1S • GRATlS MEDICAL n:AM PREVIEW Of YOUR CASE: N1 in ~lI':IJll1tiof1lO ascwWn 1fId de/in( ausalion. liabilily and bmd>es in SIlJ"danh of <=.

• GRATlS CLINlCAL CONf[R£NCES: lTe Wli cartfuUj' w.. ~ IIfIl by 1IfIl. dYoogh m case 10 IIlS<n dw]<Klf dintc:al kro;w.~ ~ OOIllmeroural< willi""",. IT. sh1lI boo bruta!lr andld If case ~ no 1IltIi~" If C2lll:ltIon II poor. --

• GRATIS ClJNICALREPRf.SENTAllVES TO YOUR 0fllCE: IIn.pdI /t'I~ • GRATIS, DETAlUD, WRITTT.N REPORTS: Should. case boo \Il'1WOrIh;'d po..nu~. and upon yoo diru"tMl, ~ !hal l boo pItwollO i::ww>rd. dotajl<d~. • HCAI Balle FEE I, t275. You incur no MIl "nUl >!lI! mc-lOJltIII'.I" Ihe~'s"",,;;, ,",for hlsalflda>1l. No lOIlre:I .. portI. noiwtignupons,JIlI noCW1 "'""...,..... HCAlIlIXII • ~mplt m.n.J 5eI\io: ...~ hI'~ p"'idod litigation "'pport i:Jr __ 700 finm Ihooghout tho U.S IT. Ill,.. I2TIIt<l ,... '"fI\IWion puJemty. lor bOO! plonti« & .w.n,..

I STAT STAT AFFIDAVIT SERVICE AVAIlABLE I " CAl Medlaol UttgaUon Support TellIO radwr SClITId Cor»:n!o Ctmor l

o.:ponoo CI!1 ... [Wive, Sui!t ,;,j

a..r....... fIoticb H6n

394 / NOVEMBER 1993

Teleptlone (813) 579-8054 Tele<:opler (8 13) 573·1333 I't art pInJod 10 ....,.". !\U .,l1s.

may l>e deducted from the emplo}'ee's entitlement to a total of 12 week. of leave. For irutan«. a full·time employte who normally work$ eight-hour dajl!i and begins a reduced 1...... schedule of four hour days ",ill be deemed to ha .... u~d one_half a ...~. k of leave for ea,h ...~ek the employee works on the reduced SChedule. The amount of leave for employees who normally work on I part·time schedule or have variable "'<:Irk hours is determined on a pro rata or proportional basis. The emp loyee's new schedule is compared with the employee's old sched· ule. For example. an ~m ployee ",ho wu· al ly works a 30-hour week and N gins ....-orking a 20· hour week on a reduced leave schedule will be deemed to have used one-third of a w«k of FM lJ\ leave for each "'eek worked on the reduced Khalule. Paid IA~. Unpaid Lt.,~ And Substitutions Th ...... f [29 U.S.C. § 26121c) & (d); 29 C.f.R. n 825.207-825.2081 Employers are not required to provide paid lea~ by the FMlJ\. Under certain d.fined situations, the FMlJ\ allows an employee to choose to substitute paid leave for FMLA leave. Noreover . an employer in some cases rrI/Iy require an employ.e to substitute paid leave for fMlJ\ leavt. When an employee takes FMlJ\ lea .... due to the birth or placement of a child Or to care for a family member. th e emplo}'ee may substit ute accrued paid vacation le..~. ,,"rued paid family lea.... (subj"t to the t.rms of the empIO)-·.r's family le~ .... plan). or accrued paid pe rsonallea,~ for all Or part of;my unpaid FMU,lea ..... When an employee takes f MU, lea .... needed to care for a seriously ill family member Or the employee's 0\\., serious health condition. the employee may sul>stitute accrued paid vacation leave. accrued paid medicaUsick leave (subject to the terms of the employer's leave plan), or accrued paid personal lea .... for all or part of any unpaid FMlJ\ leaV<'. It should be noted. t.o...-ever. that the FMlJ\ doe. not requi re an employer to allow the substitution of accrued paid medical/sid leave in any situation where the emplO)-~r would not normally allow such paid medicaUsick leave to be taken in the rorst place.'

THE ALABAMA lJ\WYER

Paid vaation I~ or ~id ptrlO",,1 umed or lICcruti! undu pillns lIliowing for ~id time df, rNY bt sub· Jtitut~d for FMLA luv~ III tithtr Ihe ~mployee's Or tmploytr'l option. and empl~rs may not limit the ;unount of pllid v'talion tflve or paid ptroonal ItlOW ~itutrd by ~mp\o1tu. If neither the employee nor the tmploytr elecu to subJlitute pUll~ for unPllid I'MLA I~II~, Ihe fmployrf ....in ffmain (1ltitl~d to "lithe paid 1_... which i. accrued under the ten1l.l of the employtr's plan(s). And when an employee uses ""id law in I lituation whtff the tmployee don not qualily /or .'MLA 1elIvf, tht PlIid law W<m by tht ~mploytt dOts not count .. gainst the employee's entitlement to 12 weeks of FMI.Aleaw. An tmployff rOQuutinQ unPllid FMlA ltaw must ell'l .. in the rtaSOlU for the nHdttlluw SO as to iIIk:Jw ltv tmpklyor to Iktennint whttho!r the ItlOW quiIIifou under the FMIA An ernployn giving notice of the need for un~id I'MtJ. ltaw is not ffQuimllo I!lCprmly "'Mrt rightJ under the HILA or (Wn mention tht FMLA~ tht indication 011 qualifying ffuon for the n«dtd Itaw iii suffi· Itll~,

arnt.

EmplOYfu requtltlng or notifying employe.. of an inlonl to UK lICcrued paid luve .. Iso lITe not required 10 expressly invoke or mention tilt F~' IA. Yet , in a can when In employee requuts to substitute plid leave for fMIA law ~ pfQ\licks no txpI&nation for the law rcquHt and thtu iii I subKquent deniill 0( the law rtquut by the employtr bllHd on the tmpioytr'. own pOlicies and practicH, the tmplCl)'ff must then state a Nsi, for the Inve under the fMLA so thai the leave will not be denied lind cln b. count~d lIiJ.inK the 12........ k I'MLA Iavt erllitlo:· ~~

II iii the employer's mponsibilit)', on lhe basis of infort,.,tion pl'(Mded by tht employee. to designate whether PlIid leaw or unpaid ita,... conslilule. FMLA Iflve and to immfdialely notify the employu of ilS deltrminltlon, The empluftr IN)' dHiiNte lelOW only on the ba!i:I 0( in/ormation pn:wided by the tmplo)ft. If the emplo)'tr rtquim PlIid ItA"" to bt substituted for unpaid ltaw. or that ""id leave taken under an existing ita,...

pilln be COtlnt~d ill FMLA lea~, this dttiNon ~ be n..te by thf tmpklyor al the time th~ employtt requuu or giws notice of the leaw. or when the empl~r later determiofJ that the ltave qualifiu as FMLA le~ve. The emplo~r must decide how tht luwwill be count· ed before the lei'o't ~lIrtl or Iwfort an txttmion ofluvt is gFlnttd, unk:u the employer has iruufficitrll inIOnnition ill to the IUSOII for tht law unlil after the ltaw starts. In no event may an employer designate ltallt 15 '-MIA ltallt aftn tht lea"" Iw ended. If either the employtr or employ.. duigruttl luve u FMU Inllt afte r luw his begun (,0./1'.• II ClK where In employe. requests to utend a teallt period by taking FMLA ltaw lIttr, ptriod of ""od leave). the entire leave ptriod or some portion of the PlIid ita"" ptriad IN)' bt rttroactilltly counted ;as FMLA Iti'o't to the utent tNt the leave ptriod qualifies as I'MLA Iavt.

Jolt Protection 129 U.s .C. I 261 4(a)· (b); 29 C.F.R. 825.214-825.2 t9 1 On return from FMLA IUYe. an empl~e is entitled to be relumed to the IIIme pO.Iition the employee held when FMLA Iflve s illfl ed, or to an "equi""lent position" with "tqui""l(1lt btntfiU; "equivillmt ~: and "equivl·

lent terms and conditions of employment." An employu ha.t no riiht to relum to the same pOSition he or.he held prior to taking FMLA Ita"'"In addi· tion, an employe r, undu certain ci r. cumstances and by following the proceduru set out in tht DOL'slnterim IWtu"'tionl, ma.y Ikny feslonlion to .. lII"'ried FMLA-..ligible "key emplCl)'ff" who ISllmong the highest paid 10 per· cent of all the employees within 75 milfJ of the empl~e's worksite.' An "equivalent position· is a position that hu th ~ um~ PIlY, benefits and work ing conditions. including pr;viperquisites. and sllltus.. It mUSI irwoM tht same or subslllntially simi"'r duties and ~bjlitits, whim must entail substantiall y equivalent skill, effort. ruponsibilily. and authorily. At the .nd 01 an employee'. HILA ltaw, "equiv.tlent be .... fits· (III benefits provided by an employer. including IlfOU1) life insUlllf'l«, ht.alth ifllUllInCf, dilllbility ilUtllllnCf. skk Itaw. annual Itlllt. educatiorul benefits. pensions. etc.1 must be resumed in the lllme man· ner and at the !<Ime leYel ill provided when tht lea"" btgan. Upon return from .'MLA ltave. an employee cannot be required to TtqUilify for 111)' btntfits lhe employee enjoytd belore FMtJ. leillt

t:ges.

LANDTECH86 Rea] Estate Settlement System FOT /.D5erOT MIIfrk Prinlm

• HUD 1 Au tomatic Calculations • Checks & Escrow Accounting • Word Processor-SpellQle(k

Policies &

Commitments

Deeds & Mortgages • Data Base Reporting • On site Traini ng Available • 10995 Reporting

51,495.00

LANDTECH

DATA COMPOMATlON

- . .--.......... .. -(800) 937-2938

300 Guaranty Ouikl"'8 • 120 South Olive Avenue ' Wen r.lm 1lNIch, fL 3.J.I01

NOVEMBER 1993 1395

~gan

(employers ma~ ha,'e 10 modify programs in ord.r to re.tor. employ~.s to equiv~ l ent benefiu upon return from FMI..A leave), Although an employe. is not entitl~d to accru. any additional benefiU or seniority during unpaid FMI..A leaw, bo".fits accrued at the time leave bogan (e.g., paid ~tion, sick Or personal leave to the extent r\OI substiluted for FMLA luve) musl b. made available to an employee upon return from leave , With regard to pen· sions and olher relirement plans, any period of FMI.A lea'" will bo treattd 35 continued .. ",ice (i.e., no break in .. r· vice) for purposes of vesting and eligibil· ity to participate. So as 10 allow for "equival, nt pay: I"" DOL's Interim Regul~tioll.\ provide that an employt\' is entitltd to any unwndi· tion.1 pay incrusts which may have occurred during the fMI..A leave period, such as cost of living increases. Pay increases th.1 are conditioned upon seniority, length of ..,!Vice. or work performed do r\OI have to be granted unless it is the employer's policy or practice to grant .uch incr..... with re.pecl to other emp!oyus On "leave withoul pay" (in such cases, any pay in<rea.., would be granted based on Ihe employee's ..,niority, I.ngth of ..,!Vice, or W(lrk per· formed, excluding the period of unpaid FMLA leave). Finally. employees are entitled to be re5tortd 10 a po$ition with the same Or equival,nt Jl3y premiums, such as a shilt differential. For a position to have -equivalenl terms and conditions of employment," it b~n~/it

must ha." .ubstantially .imil.r duties, conditions , r~spo",ibilitiu, privilege., ~nd status as the emplo~e 's original position. Moreover, the .mployee must be (I) rei",tated to the same Or a geographically proximate work.ite where the emplo~ee previously had b~en employed. (2) returned to the same shilt Or the same Or equiv~lent work sched · ule, and (3) have lhe same opportunity (or bonuses, profit .h.ring, .nd other .imilar discretionary and non·discre · tional)' pa~ments, Maintenance Of Emp~ " <lIth Ca" Bene fit . !29 U.S.C •• 2614 (c): 29 c,r .R. 825.209·825.213 " 825.800) During a pe riod of FMLA leave , an employer must maintain an employee'. co,"",age under any group hea lth plan On the sam. conditions as coverage would have betn prov ide d had the emp loy •• been working during the entir. leave pe riod. The t. rms "group health plan" refer to any plan of, or oon· Iributed 10 by, an employer (induding a .. If·iru;urtd plan) to provide health care (directly Or otherwise) to the employer's e mplo~e.s, former employen, or the famil ies of .uch employe" or former emplo)'•••. If family member coverage i\ provided to an employee unde r a group hu lth plan, family membor coverage must be maintained during the time an employee is on fMI..A leave. Furthermore. benefit cO\ltrage during FMI..A l.ave for dental care, eye care, men tal hulth cOun· .eiling, and substanc. abu.., treatment

mUlt be maintain.d during an emplO}'" •• 's lea,-e period , If the emplo~r pro· vide. a new hulth plan or chang •• benefits under an e.isting plan while an employee is 00 leave, the employee i. entitl. d to Jl3rtkiJl3te in the new plan and/or changed plaOibenefits. Employers must give notice of opportunities to change plan. or benefit. to employees who are on leave. Where a mul t i· employer health plan exills, the employ· er must continue to make contributions on Ixhalf of an .mplo~e u.ing fMLA leave as though the employe. had been continuously employed, unless the plan oontains an explicit FMI..A provision for maintaining oov." age, such as throu.tlh pOOled contributions by all employers who are parties 10 the plan. Any share of health plan premium. paid by an employe. prior to t~king fMI..A leave musl continue to be paid by the employee during the lea"" period. In the Nfnt premiums are r~ised or low· ered , the employee musl pay according to the new rale •. If FMI.A leave i. substi· tut ed for paid I.. v~ , the employee 's share of pr~miums mu.t be paid by the method normally used during any paid

,_.

Emplo)'er. may require emplo)'ees to pay their .hare of premium payments in all» of the (ollowing w.ys: (I) Paymenl would b. due al the same time as it would be made if by payroll deductions: (2) Payment -rould be due on the same schedule as payments made pursuant to th e provi.ions of th~ Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reooncili~tion Act of

Bankruptcy Judgeship, Eleventh Circuit The U,S. Court of Appea ls for Ihe E leventh Circuil seeks applications from highly qua lified persons for a bankruptcy judgeship positKm in the Northern Distr ict of Alabama at Decatur, succeeding the Honor· able Edwin D. Breland , who is scheduled years. Current salary: $122,912.

to reJire Apr il3Q , 1994. Term 01

permanent employment: 14

For further Inform.tlon cont.ct Norm.n E. Zoller, Circuit

Executive, U,S. Court of Appe.lslor the Eleventh Circuit, 56 Forsyth Street, N.W., AtI.nl., Georgi. 30303 or phone (4041331 . 5724. Applic.llon de.dUne: December 3, 1993.

396 I NOVE MBER 1993

19&5; (31 PlIymtnt would bt pnp"id punulnt 10 I clIftleri" plin il the employu', option; It, The employ..•• aWing rule. for pa)'flltnl by tmployees on "tnve wilhoul pay" would be folI~d. prO'.'ided that loch rule. do not require pre~nt 01 premiums thai will become due during" period of FMLA Iuw: or (51 Anothtr syslem volUflllriiy .gruel 10 bdwtm lhe e~r lind lhe employu. which may include prepayment 01 premiums. The employer mu.t pl'OYidelhe employ« ,,;Ih advance _illtn notice 01 the lerms Ind condi· tioN uncltr which lhese ~ must be made, lnd \hot employit. ill not pt • • mittfd to require rnor.t 01 ... e~ using FMLA I...",., than whal ill required 01 other employees on I...",., withoul pay. Alt/Ioogh an .mpl~r is obligaled 10 ~inUin ClWtragt during an employee', FM~ ptriad. the emp!oytr's obli~ion CtlIKS if an emp~', premium ~nt ;, mo« than 30 1bY' b.lt. In cntl where Iht employe. mlintains Mllih cowrage whilt the employee is on fMLA I...",., and whm the emplo).u hu miSltd paymt,..... tht employer may rtcover It-.. emp~', shart 01 any prtmium piymenls. If coverage lipses btarw.e an tn1Il~ liib 10 rnUt premium paymenb. the emplo)'u"iII is oblifiltd to rcslon coyerlge 10 Iht employtt Ihe lenl of COYUlI ge the employee would hl'lt had if lu".., had not b«n tiken. An employer l iso mlY neonr its shan 01 hulth. plan pmniums paid duro ing i ptriod d ~d or unpaid Iuw: it an tmploytt bill 10 rtlurn 10 work (employees who relurn for II IUSI 30 1bY' are considered to hlo .... "<dumed" to work) aftu the employu·. fMLA leave expir~. unl... the employee la.ils to relurn due to (I) lhe continuation. rtCUll'tfI«. or onset d I Knous hulth. condition IIW would ",,-itlt the employH 10 FM LA Iuw: or {21 wtrtn lhen ire other cirromstancu beyond the employH', control. Enmpla d circumst.lnca beyond an employee's control include lhe (oll"""ing: (II Whert an employee 's spouH ill unn;p«ttdiy traruftrred to i job l(KlItion mort than 75 milH from the e~'s worksite; (2) A nlatM: or indMd..w other than ill immediate family """,mb.. hu a seriouf hulth condi· t ion and Ihe employee Is needed 10 provide CIIre; (3) The emplO)'« il laid 011

whilt on IU\~ or (4) Thor e"",1o-,ott ill i "key e~: see Poort VII, aboYr, ,,'1\0 dedde, nOI to return 10 work upon being nolified oIlhe employer'1 inlen· tion to deny job rntoration, Circum· ,!.In<:es that are within the emplo)· •• ·, conlrol include the following: (I) Cases where In fmp~e desires to umain with II pITtnl in , distant city even though Ihe pa rent no 10nQH requi res Ihe emplo)"", Clre or (2) , parent's dtci$ion not to "'tum to work in ord.. to ,~~ home w;lh a newborn child.

0bI~ Of Em\IkI»eH 129 lISC. f 2612{tl <i 2613: 29 C.F. R., 825.302_ 825.3121

An emp~ mU.lI provide his or her at least 30 days Idvanee notice belon FMIA I....... is to btiin if It-.. need empl~r

for lhe Itavt ill ~ bas.td on an apecttd birth. ~menl d II child lor Hoption or Ioster Clre, or pianr>td med· iall treatmenl for II stTious hulth. c0ndition of the employee o r , family rmmbtr. If 30 days notice is not practi. table {i.II.• lack of knowledge 01 wht n

• Art Donations.

it"...,

TIlE AL.I.BAMA lAWYER

. cr..!oo& W......... oI~ . ..--......... _ . . , _ .... _ _ . 111ft. ..... ...,....g "' . . <*IgtIW. ~ _ 01 Ct!ocIgo

oWl S!>ucI

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. o.._o» .... _~_. .

p-v; ~_ .. , "'01-*'11 t>r_ ~ _ _ d ~ rd'''' 01 Jd1' ;' MWiIIo. _

•

t>rB. _l.-d"",," t>rMr rd I.Q. - . . B.

1"1' , ... ,...., ljOi'll.

so.. '"

NOVEMBER 1993 / 397

...ill be required to begin, a change in ci.cumstancol, a medical emergency, el<:.), notice must be Pr'<Mded as soon as both pos$ibte and p1'lltlk.lt under Ihr facts of Ihr case, \.\'here it is not pos$ible to give 30 days notice. ordinarily wrbal notifica· tion should be gr."" to the employer with· in one or two day" of wh<n the need for Iea\oe l:>ecornes known to the tmplo)tt. "''hen the need for \aw is ncJ ~ (lble, an . mplO)lt'e should give notice to h.i.o; Or her tmp!oyer of the need for leave

. oon a. both pOs.sible and practical under the facts of the calt (usually no mo.e than one 0' two working days of learning 01 the need for leave ), Th e emplO)tt should provide notice to his or her employer in pel'!(lIl. by telephone, Or by other electronic meam. Notice may be given by an emplo~e's spouse. family member. or an other responsible party if Ihr emp\oJ.w is unable to do SO personal·

aJ!

An employee is not required to expressly

Learn 10 Medi ate Complex Commercial Cases, SETTl.EM ENT CONSUl.TANTS INTERNATIONAL, INC. A _ . 0; _ _ _ (ADR) ;, • .....,;., II><courory. Alabamo and Tmnessoo n\lY '""" mandaI< II>< .. fmal of <...... mediotioo. Thirty ...... ha .. SUJISIO'Ii ... Many c~ mod;";"" lxfor< IriaL F""" like M--.ta. Bonk of America and Gen<J>1 101"""" ... odoptitIJ medi .. "", r.,.- lI><ir.,..... The Am<ric ... wi'" Dioobililin A<1 and II>< FtdcnI Di _ _ "bon A<1 odo>pt med;";"" .. "" pm<md " " _ of dispute '<SOl, """,

' '1IIeS.

You will become pari 01 the ADR program as a pa rticipant. Why not become a provider? Sem.ment Consult.nll. One prog rams e.tablish<KI in the U,S.,

01 ~

the lirst lor. prom mediation offeri ng its 40 hour t'aining p,ooram.

'awrov..:! lor Al abama, Tannen.a • Tun ClE 'COn-ducted since

19a5

'd ivided eq ually between theory

If,

practice

'conduct..:! by Richa rd Evarts, nationatty recogn ized mediatorlttaln&r · utlll.ction

guaranteed

At.bam. 011 . . : Tennessee Dates: Tn .. Oat.. : Time: loc.tlon.:

No. .mber

Call:

So"_ ", c.•••It•• "

39S / NOVEMBER 1993

,j·22 _

Fobr....,

J""", &-,0 ( _ _ 00:1

o.oe."..,., H

,0·,3 (CO,""....... , "'0<11. 60'1 _noo)

(ConIrTIO«:ioI_1

8:30 A.M.-S,30 P,M .

co.t:

$6951<>1<11

'0'

"' .. I_ I . "' ••• ,•• w....... Avo. """·"' ·" 00 ToM. I~I' Me . . . . . . . ,..... ' ' ' " w... "" ,,,,,, . ~1 . '',", ' •. 100Iu1· se, " 330 ....... , '--.2,.·. '.. , ............. to

" . ' ' ' ' ''

Ulerl rights under the ~'MLA when ,..questiJlj/leaw. and the empl~r should make furthe r inquiries if neces",1')' to determine whether FMUI lea"e is being requested by the employee. An employer may requi.e employeu tl} follow the employe.'s """ procedures for ffQUt$ling Ie"""; t.o...""""r, failure to follow such procedures will 001 permit Ihe empl~. to deny' FMUI leave ....he,.. the empioyte has fulfilled his 0. her obligations under the FMUI for requesting leave. Employees are ordi""rily expected to roru;ult with their emplo},,~ prior to the scheduling of treat · ment to work out a schedule that best suits the need of the emplo~r and the emplo)tt. An ~mpl~r may require the empioyte to support a leaw. request with certifica· tion is.sued by the employee's health care provide, or the health care pr<Nider of a family member when Iea\oe is requested by the emplo~e to care fo' a seriously ill spO\lSe, son, daughter, Or parent, Or due to the employee', own serious health condilion thai makes Ihe employee u""ble to perform the functions of the employee', pOsition. The request for certification must be written, but a request for wb$e. quent medical certification may be wrbal. The emplO';'er must allow at l...t 15 cal· mdar days for the employee to respCllld to a request for certification. and the employer must w-;se the emploj-u, at the ti" .. lea", is requested. of the anticipated 00fl· ..,quences of failure to provide certification ." Employers also a.e obligated to advise employees when certification ;s incomplrte and to allow employees a reasonable opportunil)' 10 cure deficiellCies. A certifIcation oIJiained by an .mployee from a health care provider (the DOL', Interim Regulations include an optional form for employees' use in obtaining requi.ed medical ce rtifications from h.alth care provident is sufficient if it includes the following information: (I) The dale on ....hich the ..,rious health con· dilion rommellCed; (2) A diagno:;is of the ..,rious health condition; (3) The health care provider's best medical judgment as to the probable duration of the condition; (4) A brief state"",nt 01 the rt gimen of treatment preKribed for the condition; and (5) An indication as to whether inpa.lient hospitalization is required. Where intermittent Or roduced schedule leave is requested, the certifIcation should set oot the expected duration and schedule of the THE ALABAMA LAWYER

Iem: is I'fliulmlto indudt ( I ) a llattmmt (i tilt IIlCU$ity lOr sudliuw or t21 .I 5Uttmmt lhit Iht Ie:M: is neas63rY 10 ..." lOr .I bmily IIlm'IIxr who hJs i xri1M huIth condillon or will ~ in Iht

Wnii)' IIilbllbe.'s.-.ry.lftho ~ ~ SHIes Iewt due 10 his or her awn serihulth condition, the certification must al50 m.te thattht employee is unable 10 perform work of any kind or «lflbIio a Slalemml thIotlht mo~tt is unablt to ptrfonn the tsKTItial functions d tho tmploytt's fIO$ltion. 11 tho tmploy. ff requnU Iuw due to tilt condition d a seriously ill brnily Olll,"bt., tho certifica· tion must sute lhit tho family member nquiou wislina: or thllt !he ~·s pmtrQ will br bmtflCiil. OUI

infuo'nv;lion lhit taIlS doubt on the "",jd. ity (itho artifocatiorL As I condition (i TUtoring emplojotes to work whose nll.A Iu.or wu I'ItaSUr'J' due to thr ~' OWII Jtrious health condition, !he ~ InII)' ~nt.l ... iform policy rtqUirine all such ~ tel to prtstnI a1Iifiation from a hWIh art prtMder swine: thIot they irt able to mum 10 woric. The fitnw·for-<luty a1Ii· fialion ITIi)' only br TtqUf:$ted ill to the strious hullh condition that caURd tho emJl~ to lake the luvt. ComI'Han~.

8)' Privllc Employen [ 29

U.s,C, H 26 15-26 16 « 261 9; ?9 C,I',R. .. 825.220, 825.30 0·825.301 , 825...02-825.404 " 825.5001

.....

who fails to lIive ~ noI.ict

of Ihe employet's nefd to like I'MLA

In .,ition to JIOiIIinQ notias. empk¥en ibo .... rtqUirtd to include infc:onna. tion conctming FMLA mlit.lemmts and obtiptioN in tmployte hind· boob or in other maltrlab tlQllaining emplO)'H brlltfits 0' leave rights. If an fll1;lloyer hu 110 wrillm policies, 1TWl\I. als, or hlIndbook$ explaining employee brlltr.1a and leave proYlsiom, thr employer ntytrth.lul is obligated to providt written guidin(e to In tmployee con· ceming the aropIO)ff's rights and obl;g.... tions under the FMLA whenevtr the ~~ nU.A Iuvt (an"FML\ I'xt Shed" is wailable fn:om the DOLI.

+ If an t~ lUbmlts a compim cu· IifIOtJOn signed by his or hrr hralth ca~ proyider, the tonploytr I1'\aY noI rtqUtSI idditiorW ionIomoItion from !he emp1oyee's hullh (lr. provider, R<lthtr , in

tmployu who dotobu t.... validity oi.l mNial ttrtiflGltion ~ require tht employH to obuoin i HCOnd opinion it tht tmplo)'tr's OptTlM, 1M tmplO)'tr I1'\aY Rim thr huIth ~ pn,Mdrr who will provide the RalI'Id opinion. but thr hnllh eirt providtr mUll not bt employed on i .tQula. buis b~ t ht employer. If 1M oroinion (i\ht empicl)'.'(' and the employer's designated health art providus dirler, Iht employ.r may ~irt tho ~ to obUin a certifica· tion from.l third hoilth art PIO\'idtr at !he mopIojon's ~ The third opinion is fuW and bindin&, and thr hWth an pn:Mdrr rmoImng the third opinion is to br jointly iPPfO'o'ld by the emplo)'er and

. _"

An employe:. ~ rtquHt .tctrtifia· tion II Ml}I rtWlmblt inttMIl, but not mort oIlen lhin 30 diys unlw (I) the trnpIo:oyff requests an Ulmsloon d Jw.ot,

(21 cimonutano:u desaibrd by the origi· oal certification havt significantly changtd, or (3) the emplO}'er rectives

An tmplO}'" Is prohibitfd {rom (I) iotfrftrine: with, mtl'llining. or (!enyina the utKist d (or aUempts to utrcistl

any right prOYidtd for \nCIrr tht FMIA or (2) discNoreina or in any other way dismrninatlna ilQiinst any penon I~ or noIlI1 ~l lOr opposing or 0Jmplainin. ~bout In)' unl~wful praclict under the I'MI.A or lilina I chirgt or tak· ing ~ In I procHding under the I'MIA ElllJ!\o'ttrs InII)' not diKrimlnm ,gains! .mpl~n who lake I'MLA luve, and emplol)'tl'l annot use the l1king d n tU\ 19vt u a IltJl3livt factor in employment Klions. Tht I'MIA p~ iYl employee with various avenUC:lo 01 n:lirf in tho tvtnt the tmplo)'ff brlir.a hf or silt has btm discrimiNted ~nst. SN Part Xl, brlow, Empi(l)'tT$ in: n:quirtd to pall in CIln~ pIKa on their pmnisa I noI.ict ~ the l'Ml.A's pItWisions ..... the pnoadun$lOr rights uroItr tho I'MIA The DOL's Inttrim Regulations conWn i notice lhit l1'li)' br rtproductd lind pOStN by eonployfrs (no ~produc· lion 01 the noIice l1'li)' br SIl1lIler than 8 lr.l inches by II Inches). If an employer f..ils to post. notice, the employer may br liable for a dvil money penalty and may not take any .dvene action against an

..wore...

Besides posting noticu and proyidill8 informltion In handbooks or "fact shrtlS." employe:n hive the additioNl obligation to ~ 111 ~, at tilt time luve il ,equtlted, with a notice txpbin ... !he obligatioN 01 tht mop~ ft,

as ~I as the ~ 0111 f.ljtun.

to meet the obllQitionl. The nOlice should include !he IoIIowing inlormation. u ~It; m A sRlemmt thIot the Iuvt ..ill br counted 19Ioinsl the e~ ff'S annUli fMIA Ieivt entitlement; (2) RtquirtllltnU for fumlshill8 medical ce.-

IifiCltion and Iht CONtqumct:s d faili"ll to do so; (3) The trnploo,ort's ri2htlO substitute paid luw, whether the emplOl't'r wiU n:quirt substitution d paid lea.... and lilt conditioN rtlatlne to;any substitu· lion; ,4) lUqui~ for the ~ to maIotll1)' pmni ..... ~ to mom. lain health brlltfits lJ1d lilt apptiable paymmt ~ts; 15) Rtquimnents

prrtainina to .I fiu.a..for-duty certifica. lion; 16} The ffI'IJIIO)ft" ritht 10 n:otora. lion to the same job or iI'I equMitnt .iotr. (7) Tht employee'l stilus as i "key employee" ,nd an uplaf\ltion that job rtSIontion pottntillly may br OOoitd; lJ1d (8) Tht employet's po!ential liability for hulth lnsurallct pn:mlums paid by the

NOVEMBER 19931 399

emplO)'er il the employee fails to return to work after taking '-MIA leave. EmplO)'ers are ob li gated to mah. kttp and maintain r«ords pertaining to compliance with the '-MlA The emplO}'er must retain such records for no IH,s than three years. An employer is not required to submit records to the DOl., unless specifically requ~ted b)' the DOl., and such a reque,t may not b<! made more than once during any 12-month period . unless the DOL ha..o; rearonable cause to b<!lieve a viobtion of the n tIA exists or is investigating a complaint. Although emp!o}'<'rs have an obliga· tion to make. keep and preserve .. cords pertaining to their obligations undu the l'~tI.A, no partieu! .. order Or form of mords ;s mtuired . An employer is not requim! to alter its ..... thod of maintain· ing payroll Or per5Ol1nti records. N"""r· the le.. , records must disclose the following: (I) Basic payroll and identify. ing emplO}"t:e d3ta; (2) Dates FMIA lea..... is taken by emplO}'ees (availab le from time records. requests for I......... etc.). which must be designated as FMLA leave: (3) If I'~\IA lea\/( is taxen in incre· ment. of leu than one lull day, the hours of the ttav. ; (4) Copi.. of employ. ee notice, of leave furnished to the employer under FMLA. if in ""iting. and copits of all genera! and specif,c notices given to emplayeu as required under the I'MLA (copies may be maintained in employee personnel files): (5) Any docu· ments describing employee benefits or employer POlkies and practicu ..gard· ing the taking of paid and unpaid lea.... ; (61 Premium payments of em ployee ben· efits; and (7) Records of any dispute between the emplO}'t'r and an employee regarding designation of leave a..o; I'MLA leave. Records and document. relating to medical certifications, recertification. or medica l histories must be main· tained in Ioeparate files and be treated as conf,dential medical records. with the exception that (I ~ supelVi$Ors and man· agers may be provided such information to the extent nece,ssat)' to accommodate nece,ssat)' restrictions of an employee's duties and (2~ first aid and S.lfety per· SOIlnel may be provided such informa· tion so as to facilitate e mergency treatment for an employtt'S physical or mtdical condition. Govemment officials investiga t ing complianct with the 400 I NOVEMBER 1993

FMLA al$O may be provided with rele· vant information upon request. Leg.l I'roaeding.. Under Tho FMLA

129 U.S.C. § 2617: 29 C. r . R. §§ 825.400·825.4011 Employees who believe that their rights under the FMLA have been vio· lated may file a complaint with the DOL or file private lawsuits_ If an employee choo... to file a compl aint with the DOL. the complaint shou ld be filed within a rusonable time, and in no event may such a complaint be filed more than two years afte r the action alleged to have been violative of the I'MIA (thrrt y\!ars in the case of a will · lui violation). An emplO}'ee may file a private lawsuit within two ;'ears of the last action alleged to be a violation of the FMlA (three years in the case of a willful violation~. II an employer is found to have violat· ed one Or more provisions ofthe FMJA the emplO}'ee may receive one Or more of the following: (I) Wages. employ· ment btnefits or other compenS.ltion denied to Or lost b)I the employee; (2) Where there has been no tangible loss of wages. ~nefits. etc .. compenS.ltion lor actual monetat)' loss incurred by the employee (e.g .. the cost of provid ing care~. up to I Sum equal to 12 W€tks of wages for an employ;,e; (3) [nterest on awa rded sums at the preva ili ng rate; [4) Liquid3ted damages in an amount equa[ to awarded sums; (5) Empl oyment. reinstatement. and promotion; and (6) Re imbursement for the cost of the action , reasonable attorney fees, and reasonable expert witness f....

Dece mber 3, 1993." R.ade .. who are concerned with either the substantive goals the FMIA was intended to achi""" or any of the procedural matte .. dis · cussed in this Article should direct their concerns to the DOL. •

Eftdnote. ,

, ,

, • ,

. .. _ ,.--

..... """"' ...... _ _ "' .... fKA I •

...",.-"'-"''''-_.. Soo nC f R H025.216-f12!i ".

~ ..... "'""""'"'" In """"'.,....,.".. .....

--"-.-_.' " _ ,"---...... _. " ....._.........._.........-'5-_.... ._,,-., .., " "Ino_ . . _ .. ., __ " ' . """-..... __ ... ...... _-""' ' '. --_ ... _ _..,. ...'_.... "'*"''''-''' ... _ nCfR f025.3"

The OOl 's Interim Regulations state that the I'MIA is "inttndtd and . xpect· ed to benefit employers .. well a..o; their employees" and is designN ' to balance the demands of the workplace with the n«ds offamilies:" The Interim Regulations al$O obIoerve that there is a direct co" elation "belw.en stability in the family and product ivity in the workplace" and that the "I'MIA will encour· age the devel opment of high PUfOTmanCe organizations: " On August 30, 1993, the period fo, the filing of written comments with the DOL by interested parties regarding the Interim Regulations was extended to

---_

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Sf ... ~ 3"tN'UlINoo' t!ll\3l In _ _ 0 . - _ .... _ .......... """"'

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Of! _ _ _ _

"'8<"...r..~"""01~"''-' IlOIO

DISCIPLINARY REPORT ~wC. ....

OrHr

• KlYin ,loIkhMl ManninIJ. "Uomt}> '"' 1aw,.....t.o5oI: whtmboull

an unknown. must answer the A.labarnlI SUIt Bar', Rule 'lS1&}, Onler 10 Show Cause. within 28 days 0( NoMmbtr ]5. 1993 Of, thereafter. the alltgations contained;n the Petition for Rtdprotill Discipline sh;.1i bt d«med MlmiUed and ~pproprilott disci . plillt ,h.all bt impOUd against him in Rul. 25(&). Pli. ~~l2·002 btIore the Disciplinary Board of the Alabama State liar Notice 10 "p.er • D. Mkhat] ~, auomty at law, who5t whtmbouts art unknown. is herdly notit>td to ~ lor I hwilllllO dttennint disdplirc to be hdd Dtc.mbt. 10. 1993 al I p.m. a\ A.labarnlI

--.

SIlIt. Il10. hudqwllurs.

• Tht ~ SUott Bu his suspended Monteo....11o IIIomty \1ri&d M..I. IlfflIlndu for I period of ,il montiu dr.divl' Augwt 25. 1993. This 5USptrWon was the ~lt 0( htr eonduc:t in two ~p.mU QSH wllm she iCCtpItd money from clients m:I then failed to ptrfOl'lll the K ....ices requested. One case inwNtd the preparation d joint ....iUs. where Hernandez collected $3,750 and never prOOl.ICed a document 0( an;' kind. In the stCond caK. H.fTWllkz tOilttttd S600 for a Rul. Nis; and thnl 1I.l0l< no action to finalize the malttr. In boIh instances. H.1'fIiI1IIez consciomly flOiltd to rommllOic;m with the ditnll about the mlus rJ their files or thtir funds. SM dXl not COOptrat. in the il'MSligalion 0( either COIllIlbinl iIfIIl uJlilllildy had dtfault judgmtnts tnlmd IPinst IItr on tilt JUImlntM dwga. filed by tilt boor. Thr 'UI' month ~ _ irT..,ostd ¥ler J haring to dtttrmint diJ. ciplino btIon tilt OisI;ipliniry Board. Thr DiKiplirwy fIo;"rd', ooItr nwlt I'!$litulion in both 0 - caon J cor.Iition 0( milo ~Inntnl Itmuncln ~. but hrr ~ ~rt dismissed Mf non·prostCUtion.[ASB Nos. 92.{l6J &. 92·]93[ • EifedM Stptembrr2. 1993. tilt Disdplirwy BoiIrd IUSjltnd· M Jalptr attorney Marlin V. MlocJ.I,ughlitl. Jr. from tht prxtict 0( law for a ptriod 0( 90 ~)'$ and placed him on probation for two yt~rt. Mad.aughlin servtd aI htaring officer for Ihe Alabama Surface Min ing Reclamation Commission. Maeuughlin alto servtd u trtuurer of the Confertnct of GoI.~mment MininQ Attorneys. a nonprofil f<.!ucational ond profw~ org"niution d altomtys t/'llploytooJ by Jt>te and i'tdtrnl agtr.ciD in tilt am d a»J mining regulation. \\'hilt ser.-ing as trusurer. thr mpon. dent misapprq)riatM and COII\'tI'\f<.! to hi$ own lISt 1.4.950 whith "'101 duign.Md 10 bot UK<! to finance the ann ..... ] Iotminar of COGMo\.. Wlltn tilt shorUgt _ discoYmd. MKLauglltin repaid tilt I1'IOfle)' and no criminal dwga. ~rt bfOOiht .inst him MKuughJin resigned from this position "'ith COCMA and 101 huring offlttr for the A1~ma Surf"". Mining Reclamation Commission. • EffeelM July l. 1m. Dothan attorney Rk hml II. RamH)'. III was Mptndtd by tht Supre"'" Coort of Alah.lma for. period of '5 ~yufttr an unsucussful appeal 01 tilt Oisc:iplioary BoiII"\I's onler 01 August 12. 1992 imposing the sltsptmion. The Ois.;' . plioal')' BoiIrd found him guil!)' 0( makinj/ falJc statemenl.! at a TH~:

AL\l.IAMA lAWYER

. . .k_

,ilMnilt prOC«ding in which lit was allM to wtify as a ,.;m.... lASS No. ss.1~1

• On Septe~r 17. 1m Jasper IttorrofY II. Edward Pmona _ publicly reprimanded by tht Alabama State Bar for ..... iIlfully neglecting a legal matter tnlruJtf<.! to him. for failing to keep his client reasonably informed about the status of the d ient's ast. and lor engaging in conduct thit advtl'lotiy ren~cted on his fit· ness to pr.octict law. Persons _ rttaincd by an individ~llo proem an uncontrst· til di\>or«. The clitn1 paid Persons an ilIIreed·upon amount. ,.;th tilt mnaindtr d"" in instaIlmmtf,. Howtver. Ptoons thtrtafter cIoMd I1is offioe witOOut nQtifyir-., tilt diml Thr client txptritnctd substantial dilroculty in locating Per· JOfU ~nd making final payment to him for the unront~st~d d~. Thr elitnt ~~11y Ioeattd Per$Oflf., ~ tmdered to him the balana: d"" on the 1CO(lUnt. Thr clitnt paid by money order. which !'moos ~ly w.htd. Ilowewr. Persons there· aftu notifi~d the cli~nt that S;!"ICt full payment had not been ~ "ithin the 60 days as r~uired by hi, ~mploymrnt CQCllract. he "'Quid be unahl~ to pnxus the maller to il.! tOOClltsion. Even Ihough Persoru e\'tntUilly .:ompletM the uncontested divorce lhe elitnt. court records rened thaI it took almost (In(' yea. from the time thf1 d;"nt initi.:l.lly rtl.lintd PeDOru until such time as the final divortt decree _ srantM. [ASB No. 9J.081[ _ given two pub. • Birmi.-.glwn attorrofY \\1Uiam T. 0. _ lie reprim;mds "'itOOut ~ntral publk~tion on Stptembtr 17. 1m for 1 violation 01 rulH 1.1. 1.3 and 1.411) of the RIIIH d ProftssionaI Conduct d the AIIbima SUott Bar. In June and July ]992. Denson _ employed by \WI,) dlents 10 rtprtstnl tlltm both in related _ rku·1 comptnution UstS against their ernpl<)ytr. After hao.ing Imn trnployfd by the clienl.!. Demon failed Or rdustd to ilMSliSolte the cil'l:umst."lncu surrounding the tlimU' injuries or to flit iI worke(s oomptmation claim or to other....ise Ml}' action on tIIt,r behalf. AJ a mult. the 5lalule 0( limitations ran precluding rtCOOel')' by both clients. Further· mor ~. the dienl.! Imde reputtd att~mpt.s to contact Denson, but he failM or refuoed to rdum thtir telephone ull.! or to otherwise communiule with thtm tOOCemlng the stallts of their ast •. [ASB Nos. 93-058 &. 9J.ll59[ • Selma attorney J. Patrkk Chu h n-. rtCti\'td /I public repr;· mind,.;th gmernl publiation on September 17. 1m for OOiat· ing Rult l.3dtllt Ruleso(ProIwional Conduct. Thr reprimand _ gjIIen for Chrshire's negIta 01 two teparate cases. In ASB No. 92-490. ChtW~ _ nnp\o7fed in MIl)' 1969 by I dimt to reprfttflt her in an EEOC 13M. Thr client paid ctx:.hirt I SSOO iltlomty'S lee Ind SI20 filing fee to flit suit on her bdlalf in federal court. ThemIttT. Cheshire ial.!tiy repratnted to the client thot tilt suit had bttn filed. but tNt ht had betn unable to obtain service on the deftndanlln A/lrill99l. the clitnt CQCl\ad. M federal court and discovered that the suit had fll:\'tr bttn filf<.!. Thereafter. Ctw;.hirt .,gain lal$l!ly reprtstnlt<l to the dienl that suit had been filM. In March ]992. the client asked for a cop)' of the suit, .."'ich Cheshin rtpruented to her had betn filM on her

f".

w..

NOVEMBER ]993/ 40 1

behalf. Finally. in April 1992. Cheshire med the lawsuil. but it dismin~d because it was not med within the appli cable statute of limitations. In ASB No. 92-491. Cheshire ....·as employed b}' a dient in May 1990 to represent her in an EEOC case. Cheshire filed suit 00 the clienl"s behalf in federal court but failed to obtain servia: 00 the defendant. Cheshire did not attempt to obtain service on the defendant b}' certifiw mail or b}' publication. In August 1992. the lawsuit was dismi!Sfd fQr failure to obtain service. lASS Nos. 92-400 '" 92-4911 • Osc.o.r William Adami . Ill . a Binningham auorney. was publicly reprimanded b}' the Alitbama State BIll on September 17. 1993. Adams had entered into an employment contract to represmt an individual against corporate defendant>. Adams had the case continued se~ral times. and failed to timely file pleading> in the maUer. The cale was ~vtntually settled lor S500 .....ith cost> taxed against the dtfendant>. Adams's client therellter contactt<! him reQuesting a cop)' of the file. Adams refused this request. stating that he would only do 50 if the client paid him for said copying. The client failed to """,i".. any of the ortll.ment ~ The client thereafter filed a CCIITIIlIaiIll against Adams. In defense to the complaint Adams cookoded that the iII11OUI1t 01 rosts and e>:penSI'S e=eded the $500 rectM:d from the defendant.., and that the client. therefore, was nol due all}' proceeds. This was contrary to the CQUrt's finding that all rosts be taxrd against the O(>JIO$ing party. Further in~5tigalion in thi. mauer disclosed that Adams apparently signed his clien!". name. as well as the client's wife's

w....

name. 10 the check from the defendant. Adams fajlt<! to provide accounting 10 his client of the funds collectt<! and disbursed b}' him. In so dOing. the Disciplinary Commission determined that Adams willfully mglectt<! a legal matler entrusted to him. failed to properly communicate with his dient concerning the mailer he was handling for the client. failed to immediately di5/!u~ to his client monies due the client. and misrepresented facts to the client as 10 the taxing of costs and . ~pemes in the mailer. The facts aI.<Q disclosed that Adams violated yd another rule of professional conduct in that he required his client to sign a release subsequent to his representation. which release was designed to ",I""" Adams from all)' and alt liability ~m ing his represen ' tation of the client lASH No. 92-416J • On September 17. 1993. Warrior attorney Ji nitt C. Hart was publicly rtprimanded by the Alabama State Bar for willfully neglecting a legal mall~r entrosted to her. lor failing to kef!, a dient reasonably informed itbout the statll\ of a mall ... and lor engaging in conduct that adversely ren,cted on her ntne.,; to pnlCtice law. Hart ",reed to undertake representatioo in a p::IMible mt<!ical malpractice action on behalf of the patienl"s family. Ho.....e"... Hart failed to communicate with members of the family about the statll\ of the case, and failed to respond in all)' way to their attempl.\ to communicate with her about the case. Prior to Hart's undertaking any sjlKific legal action in the mall.r. the patient died. Hart thereafter informed members of the deceased's family that any cause of action which they pOSSiall}'

r-----------------------------------------------, ADDRESS CHANGES Compltle th~ fonn below ONLY if there al\' changes to your listing in the currentAiabama Bar Directory. Due to cha~ in the statute governing election of bar commissioners ....... now are requi red to use members' office add~. unless none i5 availablo or a member is prohibited from receiving state bar mail at the office. Additionally. the Alabama Bar DireclOT/l is compiled from OIlr mailing list and it is important to "'" b".iness addruses lor that reason. NOTE: If ...." do not know of an addreM chanse ......., o:annot make the nfCe5$.lt)' changes on our records. so please notify uS .....hen your addreM changes. l'Iail fonn to: Ali« Jo Hendn... P.O. 80x 671 . Montgomel)', AL 36 10 1. _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ M,mbor td<n!ific..tion (Soriat Strurityl Number Choo><

0"'"0 M•.

O M....

O HM . O Mi..

O M..

0 "",,, _ __

Foil N..... _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Business I'hont Numbor _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ",, _ _ _ _ _ _ " ' _ _ BirtMatt'_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ____________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _______________________

I I I I

yur~Adma.~ '_

________ _ _ _ _ _ _______________________________________________________

Office MioiliogAddross ________________________________________________________________ Cily _________________ SUIt. ___ ZtPCod< ___________ C<)Unly ______________________ Office SIr• • t Address (if dilforent Irom mailina address) ___________________________________________ __

I I I I I I I

I I L _______________________________________________ ~ Cily _ _ __ _ _ _ _ SUlt' _ _ ZIPCodt _ _ _ __ """" _

_ _ __

_ _ _ __

402lNOVEMBER 1993

THE~IAWYER

bly hid '''is Io5l due to tht <.katk <i. ~ pld~ot. lASB No. 93-

0881 • Binninghvn ~ttomtY Rk hard l.ft TlI)ior was hirtd byl touplt to ioitiate adoption procudio&1. Taylor quOIt<! lml rtrnYtd the: Itt: d S500 10 pn)a:OI ~ lIIoptio.n Thuul'ttr. tilt (()UpIe Hjltrimad .... bsbntw diffl(ulty in communiQlilli with Taylor ilbout tilt swus d tilt QK. TiyIor fliltd 10 ~ to written communications as well as telephone ca.l1s from ~ couple. Taylor ~Iso f.l.iled to mpond to tht fim two wrilloo ~UHlS for I responst to tilt bar', complaint filed against him in thl' matter. In his ruporlJt to tht complaiot, Ta;olor ~mitted tN t h< had rectiwd the $500 f••. but had fallt<! to procUJ the ad0ption mailer in I timely manner. ~ Disciplinary Commission ordl=rtd tNt Taylor recei~ a ]l'Jblic reprill\Uld without gene~ pub/icatiorl. mllhlt h< rmkt futl ~tution <i. the: S500 fee. II w.u detormined thit Tayk)r', cooduct viobttd ctruin prOI'iJionJ d tho: Ruin d I"roItssionlI Conduct. sptciflca.lty. that Ilt willfully negltcted lltgll malltr mtrusttd to him, tNt he boiled 10 kttp his climU TQKINbIy inIonn<d,\bout the: $!.Itm <i. tilt ~ maller,.."J tNt he en&llled in oonduct thit ~rstly uAtctt<! on his fitnus to pOOict law.IASB No. 92-4021 • On Sfptembtr 17. 1993 MontgOmel)' It\omey Dr.id ColoIrWI Y~ rt«iYtd I publi< reprimand with general publi, ClItion. Yarbroufilh took on I personal i"jury cl~nt in June 1988. Yarbrough failed to role action within two years of tilt accident. while ldviling the client thaI he had doot' so on 10 numbrr <i. or<:Uioru. At (lI'll appointmtnt io March 1990. he gave his ditnt a COp)' of the: complaint. which he Jaid had bootn filed in Mont· gomery Coon\}' CiKUit Coon. On Otctmbtr 4. 1990. Ilt told his cI~nt that lilt rompliint had not bttn filtd. but would br "ltd that dII». On ~I)' 2. 199I.lnOthtr lttorrwy ronlilcml by ~ d~nt ronfinntd tmt nothilli hid!>Hn filtd. 11v ditnl wed Varb!'llUih"" he Kltled tilt QJt, bullfttr an initiiI PI)'fI'Imt. he brome delinqueot. The public nprimlnd impoHd on Yarb!'llUih '4$ cooditionfd upon hiJ PI)'fI'Imt d SI6$7.70 to his.,...:litnt by AUCUJlI. 1993. Yarbn.>ugh ~ird with that oondition. In ~;tion to hiJ oonduct surrounding ~ neglect d I legal matter, Yarbrough boiled to cooperate or proYidt infonna· lion during the: inwstiittion of the: griev.tnc:e. Aft.,. tilt bar filed fOrm<ll chargtl. he allowed II defau lt to be !liken agaimt him. IASB No. 92-3331 • 0 0 Sfptlmbr r 17, 1993. Binningham allomey IIt nl)' L. Pena rt«iYtd II public rtprill\Uld "i th geoeral publialion for havilli violated Rule 8.l(b) of ~ Rules of ~I Conduct. AWARD W INNING SoPfWARE!

TUtDocLOSE" Rul

~tate

Ooiilll

""""'.

SoItwar~

£ntIomd twI RtcOntInmlkd by Attorneys' Tille OILiTan!y Flllld. In~

At II heilring ~ ~ Discipli~ry 1Ioard. Penick ''"is Iound not guilty of negItctlng an appellalt nv.lltr, but au;lty of falling 10 rupood to a dilciplil'llry authority in " timely manntr. In addition to the: nprimand, Penick _ ordmd to lIttmd thM houn d CLE in ;opptllalt pr1Clitt lind thlft hours In ItgaI tthics..1ASB No. 92-HHI • On Sfptembu 17. 1993. Pell City iltOmty T. lm .dge H. F"l mbrou,ch «<eiveda publio: ~primand without il"oe",1 publiut ion. Fambrough lIgrted to np rnenl II clien t in <onneclion with II motor vehicle lIceident which occurred on July 1. 1987. He filed ,uit on Juot Z9. 1989. but hold up nrvice of the summons and complaint. The defendaot had betn I divo rce cl ie nt of Fambrough·, It JOme time In the !Wt. ~ ...... ,,";\0 contioutd i t doc ket ~I IJ in July 1990 and Janual)' 1991. Tho court WI~ that it would disrniu if Jtrvla: "'<IS not madt and on Juoe 21. 1991. tilt cast '4$ dismissm. F~mbrough ~r notified the client ind ho only found out about it whm another lawyer idviJtd him about it. fu late lIJ Octobtr 1992. FlIrnbrough told tilt ditnt \hal he _"worIting on it.. FambrougIl·s actions corutituttd a viobtion d Rules 1.3. lAW and 1.7 of the: Ruin of I"rdtssioNl Cooduct. IASB No. 92-

~"•

On September 17. 1993. Huntsvillt illomry H. CoItIlWl

8111'\011 recti-.ord a pub/i< rtprimmd without IItnml publication

for having violated a prior onltr d tilt l)is.ciptinal)' BoiInl. In an urii. r diJciplinary proo.:w.ling in Hm. Burton rteeivtd I publi< reprimand and probation for one ytar. One of the sp«ial roodi. tion, of that probation was that he submit quarterly statu s .... poru on his active c.ueload. Bunon submitted the first quar· ttrly ~pOrt and oeglected to Jtnd iny OIhe" to the Gent",1 CooIUti"s o/flU. H. also failtd 10 rupood to two complian« Itt· \trs from ~ Gmt",1 Cowu.tL Bunon', probation and the: ronditions ~reof ~u utmdtd lor another YOir in conntetion with ~ rKmtly impostd discipline.IASB No. 93--0211 • On Stt:ttmbn 17. 1993. AnrIiJtI)n attorney .bmes AInnrid< Mitchell receiYtd a publio: nprinwod with gerw .... publication kw NvinlI \OoIilted Rule 1.3 of the: Ruin d PYoIwional Conduct. Mitchell was Tq)R$tTlting 1I client in i Chlj:JItr 13 bankruptcy. 11v ditnt', ool)'.....,t ''"is an ~utomobile finanttd by GMAC. When some paymtnU to ~ ditnl's ChIpt.r 13 plan were not "edited. CMAC filed I petition for relid from , Illy. Mitclltll f.l.llrd to take any action and tilt motion was granted. ,,'hereupon the bankruptcy was dlsm iJ5td. GMAC repossessed the vehicle and btgan to pu r,ue the client for I larljt deficiency. At that point. Mitchell btgan to pn pan an objection to the: dismissal. but was tmninattd by tilt client. IASB No. 91·6n) •

AUTHORS! ~

AUTHORS!

t.- 8oc*

-.nhors who ~ co.,..*, ~ 01 kIN$ !hal need 10 be pubIiINd. PINN ...."". an .....-. lind taIIIoo 01 ...",.,,11. 01 """",sa1pIII lO: KrIow1u Pubbhlng. Inc;. ATTN: Mark SIepI*II

...",.,.1&<1

P.O. Box 111\ 0001

n-tE AU6A/>IA l.AWYE R

NOVEMII ER 1993/ 403

LEGISLATIVE

WRAP-Up

By ROBERT L. McCURLEY, JR.

Sttec,,1 h ..ion Augus t 12.14, 1993 Only the Govtmor may call the u.gislaturt into 5peci~1 seloSion and 5peci~ the pul'J'O$':' for the se~; on . The Govtr. nor', leg;,lation in "The Call" may pass with a , impl. majority of each hou5.;

any other bill must pass with a \wothirds majority. Cow . nor Folsom in the first Special

Session designated ethics reform . .:am·

public prOl"'rty and at 5chool · r~lated activiti ... Act 93-8S0 authorizes perronalized or distincti"" rrl()!or "'hiele hcense tags for veterans and active re.el'\le members of the armed forces. M ! 93·882 created a new circuit judgesh ip lor TlI$Caloosa County. Act 93-890 revise, sections 26-14-1 and 26·14·3 relating 10 the der.nition of child sexual abuse or neglect and to

pa ign ,pend ing limits and bUline55 incentive:; 10 attract tho Mrrced.. p1mt as prime impOrtance. Th. Legislature

p.used versions of them all. The Governor ,~toW both the dhies bill and the bill on campaign Ip<nding limits. There wue 105 House bills and 97

SenMe bills int roduced.

rifly·si~

peT-

cent (59) of the House bill. paued and bttame law, and 13 percent (14) of the

Senate bills were approved by both homeJ;. Some ofth... bill' are: Act 93·843 changed the name of the State Highway Departmenl 10 Department of Transportation. Ad 93·844 PI"QllOS':'S an amendment to th~ Constitution to allow bingo games in Covington County. Ad 93·S50 permits non-sectar ian. non·p~I}1izing student·initiated vol· untary prayer on public .$Chool or oth~r

Richard Wilson & Associates Reg istered Professional Court Reporters 17 Mildred Stree1

MontSomery. Alabama 36107

264-643 3 404 I NOVEMBER 1993

7-2 from $5.000 -$10.000 -$1.000 to $20.000 oodi ly injury to one person. S40.000 for more than two peop le and $10.000 prope rty damag•. Fu rther. f 32-7·8 is amended to sus· pend one's license for two years (up from one year) where no proof of fi""n. cial rt>pon.ibili ty i. made. fin ally. proof of f","neial responsibility under i 32·7·27 which must be filed with the State Treuurer is increased from $11.000 to $50.000. Ad 93·905 ~mended Criminal Code t 13A·7·23.i corn:eming desecration of tombs to raise the penalty from a Class A Misdemeanor to. Class C Felony. Acl 93-911 amends Section 16-8-10 to delete the requirement for a local school board to file their policies with the Statt Department of Educat ion. Act 93·912 specifit! when sehool boa rd members take olftce. Other bills provided additional funding for various agencies. while numerous local bills approo.,.,d. Copies of ~ach act are sent to the probate judg~'1 office. The 1993 pocket pa rt. to th~ Code indude only acts paSsed through the 1993 Regular Session . Several additional sessions will proba· bly be called befor. the 1994 Regular Session begins January II. 1994. for mar. in/ormation. contact Bob ~kCurl.y. Director. Alabama I.aw Insti· tute. P.O. Box 1425. TlI$Caloosa, Alabama 354S6. Or phone (205) 348·74 11. •

"'.,.,re

provide further for i"ve,ligations of suspected child abuse . Ad 93·891 amend~d sections 22·35· 3 el seq relating to the UnMrground and Aboveground Storage Tank Trust Fund, Act 93·899 proscribes standards lor invutments for governing boards nf educational inst itutions in the "Uni· fo"" Management of Educational Insti· tutional Funm Act". Ad 93·901 amended th~ bail oond reform act passed during the 1993 Regular Session ro as 10 dela~ the effectiv,", date of the act to Ju~ I. 1994. Several judicial circuits had ruled the earlier act 93·677 as unconstitutional. Act 93·903 amended the Motor Vehicle Saftty Responsibil ily Act to raise proof of financial respnnsibiHty in i 32.

Robert L.

_ Cu,Ie"J,. _L.~.Jt

..... _01"............ -~ ""1'01

-~~ ... ...--O'_*'"

.... <10\1'_ """' ...

THE ALAWtA LAWYER

How to Avoid MCLE Problems ................................ ... ....................................................................... . ',

~nd

Still' curnnt. The dtadline for completing tach year'.

some lawyers t aell rear for not completing

rtqui~menu

MCL~: ~Quirement i. December 31. An txt.nsion until March 1 may be requuttd if 11 dtncitncy plan is submitttd by hnuary 3!. The dtllcitncy plan must be ~quuttd in writing....:l must s~te tilt lPOf1SOI'. t'tl •• dat •• loation ....:I cffil'u of tilt PfOIII'lIm )'00 "'e planning to IIttend betwftn January I MKI March I. Early Hltction 0( tlICh )'flOr'S Hmil\lOl'S enhincu tIM: OI'IlOrtunity to Hltct 11M: CLL th.tt best ""tcOO ~fS' I .US of practitt. ThoM who w.l.it until tIM: lui minute Ilnd dec,taStd availability of the Hmi,.... .. they ...wld p,tf.. to attend.

la~r

~ICLl';

or oot paying latt fet•. If IhiJ occur" the

1...... at Inst one or mort months of puctic',

must make up aU $lminoar and late fet deficiencies. and mll$t ~ I ninstatemtnt fH.

\ 'tTI" the _1IrK}! of the AnnWII Report of ComplilllCf • >t"i~ to liwy!rs. the Mew: CommiNion obtains

All

anendanco m:ordII from Jponson and lisu urn t-y.er'1 re cord On tho transc ript. Il o",.ver. neh attorney il rnponsibl. for filing an accurate .«ord of his Or ht. Cu: attendance. Any nu<kd C'.Qrr«tion to the Annu al Report of Compliance shou ld be made bdort th.

I'll. th. Annual Reporl of Compliance timely. The dud· line is January 31. Otherwise. a SSO late filing fee resulU.

attorney ,;gru it and. thereby, anests to its accur~. It il th. policy of the MeLE Commission to report to the disciplinary Mud all instan,.. of falH lIlfilU~iu.

filt tbe d.rotitncy plan on 111M Ind complot. III ClE IMfo.. the delleit",,), pl .... d.adUn,. Otherwise. I $100 lat. CLf fH mullS..

The MClE Commiuion if "lustd to '~po'l t hllt II vut mlljo , ity of Aillbllma IlOwytrS do comply fufly with thti. MC l E requ',emtnl. lind. thereby. Ivold the t'oftl/Oing probltmJ. •

Cornet noa-<Ofl\pliancc It once. The MeLf Commission o 'tI'eU thit tht Supreme Court of A1ahm1a Iw sus· to

ALABAMA DIVORCE, ALIMONY AND CHILD CUSTODY HORNBOOK TIlIRD EDITION by

Penny A. Davis

,,'

Robert 1.. McCurley, Jr. NBW EDmON OP n m U!ADINO R.EFl!RENCI! '!OO~p_ ~

Irdftt ",fo",..,. ",Iiod

IIpOn • ..,. 1\182 br 'lie AllbIoml beDtb and bIo, 11M ,,"B compIr,ely updo,ed 10 IItoe:lude 1W:~'1y eftO(1C(J IrPlatM tblllJU It alUt1 decilloo..

.... 11 II Ctlrrcn'

LAWYERS EDUCATIONAL PIU!SS lUI Of'lke Ib 1281 't'c*Iow • AL lS-C86

_oil:....,.

(M,

171

REOROANIZl!D FOR OONVllHmtn" OUiCII: IU!FI!Rl!NCI! ~p

orplIitcd .,.., ill mlad..

""III

....

!be

NIIOlI, tbem on

buIJ' <leW

_ "" p<lOIIIUpliaI Iam:mrnll IncI ...-cooed di>cJo-. SeYeral "'"baY< ,,"a reviled, indllCli"l the eli<nt IIi><Iru c:onuact, aveemr", ill c:ontompla'ion ol <Iivorte and propeny .. "Ic~nt.

AlItamI o;...,m" AIifnonJ' IncI 0IiId a.tocI)< 1- . ThiRI Edilion, lillie _ ~ ""fIIi¥e boot "" AIatamo dMlrce law available.. Il.... ,,"a IUlrpniled In,o 42 cb.ipters, I&kiIl, !be prKlitione, lbroll", eaeb Rep ol tile

...... """""

AIIo A...tIatIIc: LAW OfF1C1! PRACIlCl! DESUKlOtr. Si:nII &ilion, at :161.8) ($60.00 pi.. 17.80, ta, p<IIC&F and _in&)

' ' ' ' 'Oi,..'' ,.'''''"

PIt.....nd me _ cop;.:. 0( AI.ABA),(A. DIVORCI!, AlJItiONY AND 0IIlD CUSTODY NAMS ADORESS, . ...,,"',,"',,"'''' . . . .1I0RNBOOIt, llird Ildnlnn. II S79.40 e lCb ($10.00 pi.. $9.010 lU, poou.F and haDClli"l). All orden mUll be PREPAID. Make Cbtel..l payable to LAWYBRS EDUCATIO NAL PRESS. It not .. ,W\e<I you may ",turn llIe boot: wi,hin 10 dayo fuJI ,er""",

ra- •

NOVEMBER 1993 1405

•

Tnc.. Shaner, MontgornllfY. Chalf, Substance Abuse in SocIety Cornnittee

•

Tarrall Wynn. Blfmingh,m, chalf. lawyers Helping Lawyers Committee

Some of the partIcipants at the well -enended '93 Bar leadership Conference

406 / NOVEMar.R 1993

•

Will lawrence. Talladega. chair . Task Foree on Specialization

THE AUIIAMA lAWYER

RECENT DECISIONS By WILBUR G. SILBERMAN

Bankruptcy Decisions EI . ... nth Clu:ult ..,1• • bankruptcy sUomey " s ntltls . 10 lode,l., smounl In sb.s nc . of olMr Iscto,. Resolution Trust Corp. v. Hol/mork &Ji/ders, ft. 01" 996 F.2d 1144; 24 8.C.O. 89:5 (11th Cir. (~J. Au&. 4, 1993) RTC was "'!CX'flsful in U\ action ag;oinst Hall"""rk 10 coIl«t on two loans made by its pnd«asor. OIML [n the 00nk1\lllttY cou rl. Hallmuk did not dispu le Ihe indebtedness to Owal or iu status as " wcured cffililQr. ~ in its final plan of rtorganWalion, 0Jgreed 10 pay Owal OWr a Ihree-~u period, but il did nM do so. Duval filed suit, RTC succeeded Duval. and tM <:Nt ultimlltely was tried in the U.s, District Court with a for.at judgment for RTC fur apprQxi""ttly $51,000 plus interut m:I C06U, with the court rtUi,.. iOil jurisdiction 10 lIw,mll'USOMble "ttor· nt)'$' ftts lor the pb!intifl"s itllQrTofYl- ~ mattu was rdtmd 10 the ffiIIIismt. who found the ~ d SIH.131 10 be duo under the IodtsW principle d multiplyinII the number 01 hours I'USOMbIy spent

times I reuonabIe hourly 1'lIk. HOI<IO!Wr. the lNIIistrllte lkcidW that this fee "'as f l COu;ivf wilh .elation t o) the amount involved and rult$ ~l.IIting The !'lorida Bar. Under this theory, Iht magistrate mluool the fee 10 S60,43I.3O. Ow. objection, tho diltrict courlilflirmtd and iPllU11 we~ then laken 10 the Eleventh CifOlil ~ EltYtnth CifOlil, in njuling the ~uction. lirst Sbltd thai II promissory not. upon which the jlldgmmt "'as based provkkd for ru$() .... bk IIltomt)'S' Ita. F10rida follows tht Iodtst.lor ;opproach ... dt>ItIoptd by ffdtRl we law iOd the kII· lowing)lfPl' art 10 br takm in drt.rmi ..... tion of f-. W1dI.r the \odtsUr ~is: (I)

Enablish tho rusonibl.

number of I>ou", for which the

attorneys art "njillN to comp(n5alion with the admonit ion that the

auomt)'!l Ihoukl turti.!oe tllti. own billing judgment to uclude

txeeS-

1M, rtdullIWlt or othtrwise UNItCn~ry time .nd lily hours which. would not be billed to 1M dien! Jhould not be cN~ 10 the 1CMr-

•.

" (2)

[)d(rmi ... ruoonabk hoorly

(3) Dttum;n. whtthtr th.r. should bt Iny rtJect ion of th. Iodtstu UOOt. controlling cast law. Iu /I corOlillry. thUt should be II d()Wnw~rd adju5tmtnt only if the pmoailing party is partially sUC<:eSSful in its eflora Under tM allow crittria. tM Eleventh CiKUit reverKtl tM district court judg. ment and reminded the coue for the cou rl to award attorneys' fus in tlot Iodtstar amount previously calculated without ffiluction. Com mon l: This CilK ap~ars quile fawnblt for atlOmt)'S in bankruptcy Of othtr ftdtflll courts, but Itt il be noted that it "''U I <:Nt baKd upon a promi&sor)' note wilh l provision fur attomtyS' fets. The Eleventh Circuit s~cir.cally hel d that In ddermlning the fees, it looks to the law of the sllote In which the ""urily instrumtn\.l wue ex«ut«i. mil as Florida followed t he IQdesllf appl'OIIch dewloptd undu federal cast biw. 50 should the court here. For Alaba" " ~I'$, the qunlion anws iI4i to lhe Alabama law on attollWyS' fets on wcurity instrumenu. m:I where this is MI}I different from Ihe deltrmination 01 attorneys' ftts in othtr """Uns.

The Allbam a Slale Ba r Announcn: Ihe ~·om'.lion oflhe

Disability Law Section Task Force The Disability L-aw Section Task Force has been charged with the responsibility ofsorveying members of the Alabama State Bar to detennine whether there is sufficient interest to create a Disability Law Section of the b.ar. Interested IttOrneyS are invited to contact Victoria Farr, chairperson or lhe luk force by March 1st, 1994.

Ms. V;c'or;Q Farr. ChairperSOtI Disability Law TasA Foret! The A /abama Disabilir;u Aw.YJCOC)' Program 7M Ullil'er$ity ofA fDbama School of lAw Clinical Law Program$ Box 870J95 TU5CU/()t)S(l. AIQbama 35487· 0395 Phone : (105) 348- 4918 (Voice) / (205) 348-9484 (roD) NOVEMBER 1993 / 407

AIahuna LawOnDiscmfrom TheMichieCompmy andMea:lDataCentral. NowmakinglqÂ˘ research wod<:on )OOrterm<;istheFm;tCommandmmt Low

."",,<IlicII.

Fa- ""00: and to~. n<HJbIipioo dmuttu3IiaI in jO.Ifdln. call \'U Moehle iq.cso ... i.~ IOday; J_A.~

8CQ'54J..7618 """,,-<83 I Orcall The MxhieG:.rfa,y roII.frtt .. 8:Q'56l-12IS.

Oukk kl" on tt•• e ....k I>ate 01 iIlIJOintmtnt 01 Irwtft is the: dat~ the: f;(IUrt ~ tho: solKtion by the U.s. Trwtte (in AlablImlI. soltdion il by the f;(IUrt admini5l",tor), the urli . n d"t~ o( ~ppointm~nt by the U.S. Tru Jtu. AlJo in avoidance actionl. R.:tnkruptc:y Rule 9006(a);u to computi· lion of time ipplies in computlnQ th~ two-yur dudline under 1546(1) ,iti~ the 11th Circuit c:ut 01 M<J<Im D. 11.5.• 840 I'td 863, 866 u..t Ruk tiCl) :t;pIIlies to d~tfrminin,e two·yUr time Ilmiulions for pnsenting nolice undn 1M F'ede",1 Tort C\.iIims Act. In the Malin oISulero. Boll/man v. Fum;". 24 B.C.O. 925; --".R.~ (1993 W.L. 3]2701. (Bankr. O. Conn.) Augusl 10. (993). The ~:ighlh Circuit in dismininQ an appui 01 ¥l order denying coollnnation held il did not ~ jurisdiction beaus. a confirmation denial is not I finll order. 11 is not fi ...1 bKaus. then an dulin left for the hnkruptcy courl. such u considtfition of amended or other plans. wiroding up the tlSO. In '" Pleasanl Wood5 Associates Limited I'arlnrnhip u. 5immaru First National Bank. _F'.3d~ 24 B.C.D. 930 (1993 W.L. 3069]3) (81h Cir. U.s. Ct. 01

011 Sludent loan. bul nothing for other unsecurtd tmliton. To allow this $tIIIrile CllUifkllion b«luSO of non·d'schargeabi1ity 01 the student loan ""lU1d be I.lIntamount \0 rnalcing it a prdem<.l debt. CongUM did nol afford priority to such debt. and ntither should the court. In r~ JoAnn c. SmQlberg~T . ~.R.~ 1993 WL3]G418. ((Bank •. D.Or.) Aug. 12. ]993) (No. 393·32Q4(f.. HI3). So u..t )'OIl do not eet caueht in com· puling time. rud about this Chipter 13 tlSO w~re the court sol the bit date 1m days lft.. Ihe tJotI ITIftlin,Q. Crtditon· counsel ,.Iied on red. R. Civ. Pro. 6 which dOH not count weehnds and holidays (or periods of leu Ihan II days. but he (or she) (orQol 10 ,.view Bankruptcy Rul. 9006 which omilS such

day$ only for periods of tight days or Ir$$. The f;(IUrt said then was no tlC\ISKIlt neglect. and disallowed the <>bittlion flied after the eighlh day. In r. Jtssi. WQggontr. --".R.~ 1993 WL 307753 ((R.:tnk.. E.O. Ark.) August 4.1993). (No. 93--10375). You dtdde if the folklwing is corrfct. The debtor rfceiVl'd a $100.000 lin. of cr.dil withoul furni.hing I financial .utement On an increut to $150.000. of which debtor uwl only SIO.ooo, 1I Il ... ncial stalemtnt wu given, biter held 10 be faiK. The bankruptcy and di$l.r1ct <:OUrts Mid only $10.000 oon-dischirgoable. Tho F'irst Circuil ~rsed by delumining the enli,. debt to b. non-discharQ,able. In rt Goodrkh. 999 F'.2d 22. 62 USLW 2130. R.:tnkr. L.Rep. P.7S. 353. (F'irst Circuil. Ju~ 26, ]993).

Apptllls. AugU$l13. 1993).

II is unfair discrimination in Chapcer 13 10 propose priority for full PIIymtnl

E"ecth'e October 2S, 1993 the new address for the

Alabama Court of Civil Appeals IS

300 Dexter A\'enue

P.O. B. x 301560 Montgomery, Alabama 36104-3741

TI lE A1-'BAMA UWYt:R

'Ihisls

To Take--= Sure, olOina, business tooUy Involvfs I1kJna, thmcH, bu t MilSislippi Valley n Ile 1$ tho!re 10 h.indl. mu.ln unforeseen risks. Fox over b.ili l ctnlUf'/. we·V(! ~n I Slfldy h.ind In e"lillu.l lin& iltmllOt!vts. IOO ~ .•• ~ sound.

Our p.lTtfIl company. Old Repyblk Nltlonal ntle InsuTJrw:. Compa ny. Is lhe fi~1 ~ ~e insurer 10 urn an A+ It.lbility fltlng from Stindull & Poor·s. and to hIt Thom$on InsuWlC:fWalch·s AA Iqumly an Lht rmrk. Si). whtn you

carriuIIJ tqfIfd business

do busInH"I with MIsIissIppi Vilky TltIt. you·re INkIng I sowt ~

dtdsIons..A!l1O ~"mllk ftrwItiill biK lor our (UMCIO'IfTS.

••

MISSISS] PPI VAlLEY TITLE • • INSURANC E COMPANY

I I

•1•

,•

The Elevenlh Circuit revened the lo",.r coura in deciding that a guaran· tor'. obligation wu rel.ned when th e creditor released t h e prima ry obligor's collate ral. The bankruptcy court ha'd he ld that as the guaranty was unconditional. the release of collateral would not affect the gua ranty. The Eleventh Circuit • aid "not so": unl ... righ ts against the guarantor are reserved. it is dischuged.ln re Fred Wines, 11Ih Cir., Aug. 10. 1993.997 F.2d 852; ~.C.D~.

The question of whether unpaid workers' compensation premiums art excise taxes entitled to priority under §507(a )(7)( E) is discuued by the Si xth Ci rcuit which held it was

in the particulu inshnct, but not in owry instance where the .. is a monetary obligation to the governmental authority. In re Suburba n /ltOlor FNlighi. Inc., 998 F.2d 338, 24 B.C.O. 750. (6th Ci r. June 29. 1993). In Chapter 13. contrary to Chapter 11. post·petition debts incurred in ordinary COUTle of deMor's business were determined as necessary to prese", • debtor's assets and. thus, entitled to administrative priority. (This app<lIate court admitted there is oppos ing authority. ) Securilll Bank of Marshall· lo..'7l. Iowa ll. Neiman, __ ,

voidable proference rult. of §547 by r ...on of the earmar king doctrine which prewnu the payment from theoretically coming into po»t»ion of the debtor. In Nl Winsco Builders, Inc.• 156 B.R. 98. 24 B.C.O. 768, (Ban kr_ M.D. (Fla.), July 12. 1993). •

WIBw Q . IJII_n

-_ -

Sit>on'rw>. <I ... 80 ..... _<I

WItU G.

~-~

w;g,g,r.o & ~, II·

d - . . _ _ ,*,

62 USLW 2102. (8th Ci r. (Iowa). August 2. 1993). A joint check givtn to a contractor and supplier may be txcept~d from the

Pitts, Jon Will

&11 Minette Admilled, 194 0 Died: June 26. 1993

Olltltoo Mmilled: 1956 Died: August 2'2. 1993

Ferrell, Archer Bradford

Smyly, William Allen, Jr.

Phenix City Admilled: 1939

Birmingham Mmilled: 1980

Died: Augus14. 1993

Died: August 28. 1993

Godwin, Richard Carlton

Widemire, Miller Arrington

Birmingham Mmilled: 19-19

NoIJiJe Mmilled: 1958

Died: July2S.1993

Died: August 26. 1993

Glasgow, Robert S., Jr.

Williams, Elliott Tuttle, Jr.

Jodamst.'ille Mmilled: 1933 Died: August 7. 1993

Birmingham Admilled: 1947

Died: August 21, 1993

Keeling, Prank Marion

Williams, L. Morgan

MoIJile Mmilled: 1968

8irmingham Mmilled: 19S5 Died: September 18. 1993

Died: June 16, 1993

410 / NOVEMflER 1993

---~-<I

...... ><0",""'"''''

• M·E·M·O·R·I·A·L·S • Cooper, Kenneth

.........

... .-..,. . ...... _frOm ....

Please Help Us The Alabama Stat. Bar and The ilIaoomu LoWlier ha\'t no way of knowing when one of our

membeTl is deceased unless ,,-e are notifi«l. Do not wait for wmwne else to do it - if)'Ou know ofth. death of on. of Our members. please let us know. Send tht information to: Alice Jo Hendrix P.O. Box 671 Montgomery, Alabama 361(11

THE AL\.IIAMA LAWYER

• M·E·M·O·R·)·A·L·S • Charles E. Shaver harles E. Shaver. a nati,-, of Hunl5\ille, was born Oecember 6. 1901 and attrndtd public schools in

Huntsvill e. He nceived both. his un&rgraduale and law degrets from Vanderbilt Un;veTl;ty ",herr his legal scho larship Wa$ recogniud by his elechon to Ordtr of the Coif. He WlS admitted to tht bars of the slatu of Alab<onu. and Tennt....,e in IWlt 1931 and thtrtafler continuously practiced his prolwion in HunUvillt unti l his death on January 11. 1993. He was an active membtr of the IIOOI.S\";Ile-~ County Bar As5ocia. lion and the American Bar AMociation. In f".ct. ht .."..,d as prttident of tltt Ilunl.S\;lIe·~bdisoo County Bar Assotii· 1100, and from 1966 through 1972 ...~ bar oommissiootr from the Z3rd Judi.

Charles Baker !\rendall. Jr. 11 7hrrr.... Charles B. Artndall. Jr .. a VV distinguished mtmber of thi. usodation, passed ~w.y on Ju". 25. 1993; and Whereas . the ~lob n" Bar Msociation d.. ires to remember hi. name and rrrogniu his «Mltributions to OUr prOIwion and to thIS commooit}~ Now. Ih.trtfore. be it ruolwd lhat Charlie. as he ...·u afrectionald), I<r\oo.... , 'WU bom in I'orumouth. \"rginia and wu a 'tlident of Mobile sinet 1924. He was the son of the late C.II. !\rendall.....ho ha.c.I ..,,-.d as pas, tor of Dauphin Way Baptist Church f<lr man~ years. After attending Mur. phy High School. he received hi' Bachelor of ArU dtg ..... from the lIni· yersity of Ri chmond and his law degree from Harvar d Law School where he was a cum laurk gradu.lte, lI e wlS admitted to the Mobile Bar .wocialion in 1938 and "'~ on a.wxilte with the IIW form of Smith &: Johnston from 1938 to 1941. He then beamt a partrotr in the I-W>d. Aren<blllaw finn.

~"~~,~ll cial Circuil H. served in the

"""'"' ..... of Rep.enOl-

He was an active member and elder of Ihe First Presbyterian Church of llunl5~,Il •.

Ht was kno"'o for his

1935 to 1939 and in the Alabama Slale

urudfJSh ... "'~ to his sblt and to;m. munily, his krIooIoiedgt of ¥id <.\Mltion !(llt...: prxti« of law, and his dtmon· strait<! IO\-e and loyalty for his church and his family. He was a role model

Senale from

and example to

a\",'tJ

from

1939 \(1 1947. ...ilt~ Iv: ...fwd on tho Code Commilln' that rtYistd the Alabama Code of 1923 and "'1OIe the Alabama Code <J 1940. lie "'.... charter member and pr",idenl <J the board of directors of the University <J Alabama· I1OO\$\.; 1Ie Foundation and ...... instru· ~ in guiding numerous gifts to the Uni •.., rsity of Alabamll·Hunlsvillt. For his conlributions to the university. he ...as <l"-arded an JIonoroy Doctor <J l.aw l)egree on Ma)o 25. 1975.

Charlie .... as truly a "law yer's la"'}·tr" in every ....... of Ihe wo rd. and poue,.ed t he rart talent of being both an ac· com p li,hed o...w.lIoIoo--'lo-. tlial law~.. and an abl. office or Irannctional Ia...-yer. He ... rvtd as president of the Mobile Bar Association in 1976. and "'as a member of the Al.bama Slate Bar and American Bar .wociatioo. He also .. ....,d lS a ""tional vice-president of the Ha""rd Law School Asoodation and pmident of the Alabama un,l. Ch.rlie WllS • Pellow of the American College of Triall.awym. He .... as ext remely a,li~ in church and civic affairs. He """as. founding mem, ber of the board of truslee. of tlw Uni· ,...,rsil), of Mobile and. in 1991. had a resident hall namtd in his honor. " lit ...·u l min of Irtmendous statu re : Uni.~rsity of Mobile Presi· dent Michael A. Magnoli $;lid of Char.

pmileged to be

imOC~trd

"ith him in the pradi« of law in Ituntsvilit. AI lht lime of his

duth. he had bttn pooicing law in Hunl.l\il\e for 62 yean. He is rtmembered noll only for his ability in Ihe practi« of law and his contributions to the «Immunity but abo for his wit and good humor. He is.orrly miSKd by us all.

l.R. fJrooI;s Imlicr Ford Sharer & ~Je

I/m,ISl'ille, Alabama lif: Artndall. "He led • hie focused on ~hty and txetll-tnct. That commit· ment carried thtOUgh to his tWUrt on tht Uni,·trs'I)· of Mobile', IIoltrd of Truslfi's: Maury 1le<boIt, one <J Charlie', law part .... rs. said. "The thing I remember most. he had two prim3!), 1O'>'es-his I"mily and his prolel$ion. He was" Christim. Sunday Khoollt;KMr and dt.;oo:n Be was a ...ist and ~. ate counselor and "'is" giant in his profwion. lie enjoyed tife to the lullest. \I'lIatOMr he did. whcther it was /un or pn:r{U$iOn. he did 100 perunt." Charlit Arendall ",as a devoted husbind and fathtr ",hote 1011 i, r.1 1 keenly by all who knew him. Ht is su,...;...ed b)" four daug/\ltrs, IIoonr A. M<:G,nlty <J Mobil •. Bard,,), A. Manky and Elizabeth A. Tilnty of Houston. and Katherine Weller 0( Atlanta: two brotlwrs. J.T. Aren<bll of Mobile and Dr. Edwin M. Arendatl of Birming· ham;.nd nirot gran.dchildrm. Thomas C. tJrv<m1. fr. Mobile fur Aiwdalion !>Io(Jih-. Alabama Ptf;sidenJ,

NOVEMBER 1993 / 411

ALABAMA STATE BAR SECTION MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION _,Ie to jo;n _

,"",;on., <"..,."....

"" _

p.oy_", _h _

tt.;, fo<m >rod .ouch

<I...:I<>

\'00 w;.n 10 join.

<",,---------------------------------------------------_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ fIRMO~AG E

N C

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

OfF~EADORESS

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

OFFICE TELE PHONE NUMBER _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ANNUALOUES

SKTION

ADMINISTRATIVE v.w ..

.................................................

BANK RUPTCY AND COMMERCIAL lJIW ...................................

BUSINESS TORTS "'NO ANTITRUST LAW.....................

.....S20 . .... .. ...... .......... .............. $20

,...................................................... $15

COMMUNICATIONS LAW...........................

. ., .......... ..................................... ......

CORPORATE COUNSE L ......................

.......................................................................... _._._$30

CORPORATION. BAN KING "NO BUSINESS LAW.................................................. CRIMIN"l LAW ... .... ............. ..... ....................... ......................... ..... ENVIRONM[NT"" LAW .... FM1llYLAW ...

.. .. S15

.. . ..... ........

. ........ SIO ............................... ......... $10

..........................................

. ... S20

..... .................................... ............... ..............................•.. ...

HEALTH LAW...................... ..................... .... •........ ........... ...

. ......... ..... SJO

........ .. ...... ...... ............... ............. ..... SI S

LABOR "N O EMPlOYMENT LAWSIO IF PR.-.CTICING lESS TH"N 5 YE.O.RS. $30 If PR.-.CTICING 5 O R MORE YE.O.RS lITiG" TION ....

.......................................................................

O il. GAS"NO MINER.-.lLAW ....... ..................... ....................... ...... REAL PROPERTY. PROB"n " NO TRUST LAW................. ............. T"XATIO N ..... ....................... ............... .......... WORKER· S COMP'iNSATIO N LAW ...

..............

... ........ ..........

. ....... ............ S 15 .................... SI5

. .................. .................. ................... ..$10 ................. ......................... ................ .$15

.............. ....................... .................. .... .... .......... S20

YOUNG LAWYERS· ......... ..............•..................•..............•. ...... ................. ...... ....... ............... ... ....................... 0

TOT"l REMEMBER: "TIACH A SEP"RAH CHECK FOR EACH SECTION. MAil TO: SECTIONS. ALABMV. ST"TE B"R. P.O. BOX 671, MONTGOMERY, Al 36101

412 1 NOVEMBER 1993

THE AL.&.BAMA lAWYER

CLASSIFIED NOTICES RAT ES: MernIMwa: 2lree listings 0150 words Of Hass per bar membef per calendar year EXCEPT lor 'pos;lion wanted"' Of "posi!lOIl oIIered" isbngs - S35 per insertion or 50 words Of less, $.50 per sddibonal WOfd. Noo. I"''''b<I~: $35 per In$emon of 50 WOfOS QII less, $.50 per add~1Of\81 WOld CIa$$Ified copy and payment rrust be receiVed accofdiog 10 !he IoIIowIog publistwlg schedule- Noyembei' '93 '.au. - deadline Seplember 30, 1993~ " .n_ry 'M 1_ _ deadline NoYembef 30, 1993, no deadline e!C'llIOSIOOS will be made Send classified copy and payment. payable 10 The AJaoorl'l8 Lawyer. 10: Alabama La..yer ClasSlfleds, C/O Margaret Murphy, PO. Box 4156, Mo:ugomery, Alabama 36101 ,

FOR SALE • LAWBOOKS: The LIIwt>ooIc e xctlanga, Ltd, buys and selll an malo< lawbooks.

'lata and 1&d8"" n"~wkl • . Fo, all yoyr lawb<>o~ n"da. pilon. ,-aoo422 ·6686 . M.s",e ..d , VISA and ........ if;.;w, £xpreu ... ;!fPI«I.

• RULE S: _ Ruin "I P,a/usionai CondI.x;f. Pe'SMal cop/ft ...ilabl.. 10< $5 (Includes poltage). Mall che<: ~ 10 P.O. Bo. 671, Monlgom.'Y. Alabama 36101 . P,.~~. • LAW8OOI(S : Sa ... 50 petOlnt on JOUf

I.wbooh. C,II Nallan,' La ... Ret.ou'c.. A.meric:lo', laroe" lawbook

dll'., . Hug .. In venla".. , Lown ' pr;':"'. E.cellent qualily. Salislaction gua.anteed. Call ul Ie .. II you. uMHded books. NMd IlheMng? We .......... bra nd """". . . and wood Ih.lylng at dilcount p.ic ••. F••• quoIft. t-800-279-7m. NabOnal Uw Ae_ce. • LAWBOOKS: Williem S. Heln " Co .. Inc ..••",ing the lagal community for _ 60 years. W. buy..... _ aise .. lawbooks. Send wlnl ht. 10: Fa>< (7t61883·8100 or pIIOM 1·&QO.828· 1571.

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW IN ALABA· MA : A r"HIW book by Aay Vaughan. II you havi an inleresl In tr.e lurldamen· tall el 8<1wonmental law. part;c.,larly ., AIabIma. donl spend !hi $65-$150 \/"III most 1a,,'Ilo .... oosl . Writt ... by a prlC[,1icner with y.... 01 •• peneoo:::.. 1hiI book g;.e. a _ undar'tandinO 01 I'" slatutu and CII •• that "' •• .naped anviroflmantal law In Alabama. Tha II"t In a SI. ill 01 Praclieal Law

1m: Al.ABAMA ....WYER

Books from Earth s...n Pre». En';' IOO'IMfHIlaI Law ... ~ ....... '- jr.t$t S' 2 par COPY. post·paid. available directly h"om the author: Aay Vaughan. 3320 Wellington Aoad. Montgomery. Alaba·

gu ..antNd. FrH. no·oblige"on trial 0111< 10 law firms. Forms 01 Ltw. Inc. Phone '·800·285·2~92 .• ~t. 18.

ma 36106.

vol. I Slewart Ihrough vol. 817: So. 2d

MAGAZINES : FOI" .... 01" oontribution to an .laamo,y... ry In,,.,ution: One complete SIt. TIIa Ala~ma Ulwy.... I ~8 to data: one compIet. set. AIaba· ma L.tw R.t.;ew. 1!H8· I 991. For more Intormat ion. co ntact E.L. Colebeck. P.O. Drawer 10. Fler.nc, . Alabama 35631 . I'tIona (205) 76HI582.

MAP S: Antiqu. Alabama map., 1820$-11160.. P.n.ct lor offica dace>ration or Cmi.lma. gih . Guaranteed ..,lhantic:. Write. call. or fax for list and pholo s. So l Millar. P.O. Be . 1207. Huntsville. Alabama 35807. Phon, (205) $36·1521. Fax (206)

LAWBOOKS: Alel)ama Repr;>rts from Sa.I.. : Alabama DIg •• I, ,omplel.: Word, & Phrases. complet.: Corpul Juris Sec.. incoml*ta; Corpus J...-is. compIet.: U.S_ Coda Sa<vloI. Incom· plell: P.rsonal IOJuri ••. Incomplele: aocl Moore's Federal PrllCfic:a. iflcom· pletl. Also has boekcaSlI Ind furni· M •. Contad William A. Bama". P.O. Bo. 815. Florence • .AIabItnI 35631 .

Please note:

53-4-O~.

LE OAl SOFTWARE : Aapid hi. bankruptcy softw.... InlllUs In min· UI.,. U.er-friendly. Ea'''11 aofTw",. on the ma rkat. P.oca.. antir. bankruptcy in la., Il1an an hou r. Ju-, $395 lor battI Chapt.r 7 arid 13. Frill damo di s kette . Phonl 1·800·HI· 7100. Aisk frill guarlnlllt • SOUTHERN REPORTER' DIGEST : Compltue sel of Soul"'rn A&pOltef' end South.rn Digests wil h cyr"nl pockel·parls. E~ce ll en t condillon. Phone Thomas McGratn at (205) m· 7272 . BANKRUPTCY PROGRAM : Top· r.ted PC programs lor d>ltptars 1. 11. 12 and 13 roncluding till Nor::>am Dis·

The publication date of the bar directories has been changed from December 1993 to June 1994

trlct 13·Pla n Summary). We'v a lner.ased prodL>CI;"'~~ at ov.r 600 law ~rml-"fOUr satisfaction I, 100 pereanl

NOvtMBt;R 1993 / 41 3

POSITIONS OFFERED ATTORNEV J08S : National and Federal Emp loyme nt RepOrt Hig nly ,egarded monthly deta il ed listing 01 aHorn ey and law· r elated jobs wllh th .. U. S. Go ...,"me nt. otner public/p,i.at.. employe,s in Washing. ton. D.C., Ihroughoul the U.S. and ab<oad. !;OO-6O(j new jobs each issue. $34 lor th ' .... months : $58 lor si x monlhs. Federal R"pOrts . 10tO V..r· mont Avenue. NW • • 408· AB. WashinOlo n. D.C. 20005. Phone (202) 393·33 11. VISA and Ma sterCa,d accepled.

,TU ATIORNEV : Need experien<::ed tax anom.. y lor general business tax and estate planning practice. Apply In strict conlide""" to Adams & Reese. P.O. Bo. 1348 . Mob ile. Alabama

'''''.

LITIGATION ATTORNEV : L~igation lirm seeking an associale wil11 two to live years exper,.""" lor r..... arch and litigation support pOSition. Com pUler literacy preferred. Sala,v n.. gotiable. Send resume 10 P.O. Dr awe, 1129. Mobile. Alabama 36633. PERSONAL tN JURY ATT ORNEY: Major Birmingham law li,m ..,...,ializ· ing In plainti" personal injury litigation seeks attorney wilh two to six year.

e.perience in ~ring and trying pe,' son al Injury cases or similar experi· ence. Th is pos ition wou ld entail working for a partne , doing things slIeh as taklng deposiliOrts. answering Interrogato,ies and all olher lhinos assoc iated with th is't ype practice. Send comidential ,eply aod CV to P.O Bo. 371131, Birmingham. Alabama 35237.

FOR RENT • LAW OFFICE SPACE : One, two or thr .... suit85 available, with Or withOUl s.ectata,ial: many amen ities. irdud ing 'eceptlonist, new telephone system. large conl ..rence room. la w library, lax. cop ier, kitch en . pa rk ing, etc. Located In the historical district 01 Birmingham. 1'l10ne 1205) 251 ·6666.

SERVICES , DOCUMENT EXAMINER : Examinalion 01 Questioned Documents. Certili .. d Forensic Handwriting and Document Examiner. Twenty·seven years experi· ..nee in aU lo rensic documenl prob· lems Formerl y, Ch ief Ouestioned Document Analyst . USA Cr imi nal Investigation Laboratories. Diplomate (cerlilledj - Bri tish FSS. Diplomate (certilled)-ABFDE. M..mber: ASODE :

C·L·E

REMINDER All CLE credits must be earned by December 31 , 1993 All CLE transaipts must be received by

January 31, 1994

IAI; SAFDE ; NACDL Resume and fee schedule upon r.. quest. Hans Mayer Gidkln. 218 M..rrymonl Drive. Auous· tao Goorg ia 30907. P1>one (706) 860· 4267 . _ PARALEGALS: Attention attorneys and personnel directors. The Natklnal Academy lor Pa ralega l Siud ies has qual ilied paralegals In your loca l area reedy lor emp loymenl in la w offices and corpOr8t'ons. Our par alegal graduales are trained In areas of law. such as fam ily. real estate, torts, crim inal, probat... and corpOrate law. Stud .. nt interns are also avaI lable. There are no I.... s lor these services. For additional inl ormat ion. call the Placement OUic .. at 1·800·285·3-425. ext. 3041. , LE GAL RESEARCH : Legal research help. Experienced allorney. member 01 Alabama Stete Bar since 1977. Access to state law ~btary , WESTLAW ava ilable . Prompl deadline searches. Sarah Kathryn Farne ll, t 12 Moore Building . Montgomery, Alabama 36Hl4 . Phone (205) 277·7937. No represemation i, made fhat the quality 01 the !egal S8fVico1s to be per· formed is grealer Ihan rhe quality of legal services perlormad by a/h,,,

DOCUMENT EUMI NE R: Certll ied For ..nsic Document Examiner. Chief document e. am iner. Alabama Depart· m..nt of Forensic Sciences. ret ired. B.S .. M.S. Graduale. university·based resident school In documenl examina' tion. Published naUO<1a lly aod Interna· tion ally . Eigh teen ye ars' Irial expar ience , stat ..lfede ral courts 01 Atabama . Forgery. alterations and document aulhenticity .. xaminations. Criminal and non-cr imin al malters . Ame rican Academy 01 Forensic Sciences. Amer ican Board 01 Forensic Documenl Examiners. American Soci..ty 01 OuestiO<1ed Document Examin.. rs. Lamar Miller. 3325 Lorna Road. ' 2·316. P.O. Box 360999 . Birm ing. ham. Alabama 35236·0999. Phon .. (205) 988·4 158.

_ EXPERT WITNESS : Gradual .. regis tered eng in eer and land surveyor

4 141 NOVEMBER 1993

THE AlABAMA LA\\'YER

with multi· Slale reg istralion . BSCE , MSCE . Cons ult ant/e. pert witness i n hi ghway .alety construction and design . EXiensive county engi· neering oxperience . Write or calt lor resums . loes . Stephen G. Hur ley, 434A. At. 4, Gadsden. Alabama 35906 Phone (205) 442·3435

eo.

• EXPERT WITNESS : TraHic eng;"""r, consu ltant/e. pert witness . Graduato, reg i slered . proless ional engineer . Forty years e. peri&nce. Highway and city roadway des ign. !roHie contro l devICes, city .oning. Write or ca" lor resume. IMS . Jack W. Chambliss. 421 & lIehurst [)five. Montgomery. Alaba· ma 36t 1)9. Phone (205l272·2353.

contact piuS "Capsule Summa ry" 01 all recordS. Prompt service . Twontylive years e'periaf\Ce. Gayle Moera. t22 Wildhaven Dr i ve. A lberlvi lle. A labama 35950 . Phono (205) B787591. MEDICAL MALPRACnCE CONSU L· TANT: Donald J . Noose, M.D. Com . p,ehens i ve case analysis; aU I$t attorneys i n discovary 01 med,c ... 1 malpractice. persona l Injury and workers' compensat i on : med l c ... 1 e.pert witnesses providOO/prepared, past. present and IUlure damage l e . pense analysis; medical toga l research; summary expert witness

testtmony : med iation consultati on. Medical risk man agement, medical fraud arid atlose dotormination. NOI a relerra l service . Phone (305 ) 856t 027. Fa. (305) 265-1271. ME DI CAL EX PER T TESTI MO N Y: HCA I will eV81uale VOOr polootial mOO· icaVdental malporactice cases lor merit arid causation grati •. II your case has no merit ar causallcn is poor . we wilt provide a Iree wrinon repon. State aHidavit. are available. Pleaso see display ad on page 394 . Health COfO Aud i lors . Inc .• 2 Carporate Dr ive. Clearwater . F lorida 34622 . Phone (813) 579·8054. Fa<j6 t5) 578· t 333.

• CHECK PAINT ING: Filteen percent discount to all members ot the Aloba· ma State Bar. A,e you tired 01 paying too much lor your business checl<s? Let us print your cM_s lor hall tha price that tho banks ch arge. All '*'_s moot ban~ specilications. CaH 101I ·lree t·800·633·&654 lor addihonal inlormation. VA LU ATIO NS O F CLOS ELY H elD SECURITIES : Valual ions 01 closely held bus i nesses and inact i vely "aded securit i es. Prio r ass i gnmonts hava bean used lor oon sultiflg and IOOoral income. estata and gil1 tax purpose •. Reasonable lees and e.col lent rele'ancas. Westey Hollingsworth. CFA, 7919 7th AvooUft. Soulh, Birmingham. Alabama 35206 . Phone (205l 254·5774 Or 1205) 836·4130. LEGAL RESEARC H A ND WRITING : 545 par hour , Licensed Alabama attorney, Award·winning briel writer and appellale advocate . Contact linda K. McKnight. Pho<1e (205) 349· 4&06. No repres¥PIllrkJn is made thaI 1/1a quali/)' 01 /he i9gal services /0 "" performed is greale, than 1/1e quail/)' of Iha legal services pe,formed by Olhe, ~wyers. • MEDI CAL RECORDS SUMM ARIZED : R.N. will summari.e medical record. associated wi th prOducts li abil i ty. personal Inj~ry and wrongl~1 death . Delai led . indexed . chrono logical summary of Bach hosp ita l/doctor THE ALABAHA Wl.WYER

1992-93 EDITION Alabama State Bar Members: $25.00 each

Non-Members: $40.00 each Send chtck or money order 10:

Alabama State Bar Directory P.O. Box 4156 Montgomery, Alabama 36101 NOVEMBER 1993 / 4 15

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