AGA KHAN F OUNDATI ON TA JIK ISTAN | AN N UAL RE P ORT 2 018
Contents
2
Introduction
Introduction
03
AKF in Tajikistan
04
Geographical Coverage
06
Agriculture and Food Security
08
Economic Inclusion
10
Education
12
ECD
14
Health and Nutrition
16
Civil Society
18
Water and Sanitation
20
Pluralism
22
Gender Equality
23
Future Directions
24
Financials
25
Our Agencies
26
Thanks to our Partners
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AGA KHAN FOUNDATION TAJIKISTAN
The Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) is a group of 10 private, non-denominational development agencies that work collectively to help communities, primarily in the poorest parts of Asia and Africa, become self-reliant and improve their quality of life. AKDN agencies conduct their programmes without regard to faith or origin and have over five decades of experience supporting integrated economic, social, and cultural development. A central feature of AKDN’s approach is that successful development occurs when a continuum of development activities offers people in a given area not only a rise in incomes, but a broad, sustained improvement in the overall quality of life.
The Aga Khan Foundation (AKF) brings together human, financial and technical resources to address some of the challenges faced by the poorest and most marginalised communities in the world. Established in 1967, AKF is a private, not-for-profit international development agency working in 19 countries. Special emphasis is placed on investing in human potential, expanding opportunity and improving the overall quality of life, especially for women and girls. It works primarily in six areas: Agriculture and Food Security, Economic Inclusion, Education, Early Childhood Development, Health and Nutrition, and Civil Society.
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AKF in Tajikistan AKF Tajikistan began activities in 1993, when it mounted a humanitarian response to acute food shortages in Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast (GBAO) as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union and subsequent civil war. The Foundation is characterised by its hallmark long-term commitment and community-driven approach. It has become a leader in implementing high-quality interventions to improve quality of life. AKF is one of Tajikistan’s most trusted and effective socio-economic development partners, supporting Tajikistan in the realization of its National Development Strategy objectives and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. AKF’s programmes cover a broad geographical area encompassing 36 districts in all four regions – GBAO, Khatlon, Districts of Republican Subordination (Rasht Valley) and Sughd – reaching approximately 1.9 million people. AKF implements its programming through its trusted development partners, including AKDN sister agencies and local and international development actors.
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AKF established the Mountain Societies Development Support Programme in 1997. Through a platform of community-based organisations it enables communities to mobilise around socio-economic development initiatives, through which they identify developmental priorities, channel resources and cooperate with local government.
Aga Khan Education Services participates in the direct provision of quality education of children aged 3 to 18 years, facilitating the professional development of teachers, working collaboratively with government education institutions to support access in remote and rural areas, and providing merit scholarships to students from diverse backgrounds.
The Aga Khan Agency for Habitat was established to strengthen AKDN’s commitment to building communities resilient to climate change and natural disasters in Central and South Asia. Its areas of work include disaster preparedness, housing and habitat, water and sanitation, emergency response, and environmental stewardship.
Branch of the Republican Institute for Professional Development in Education is a governmental implementing partner responsible for in-service teacher training in GBAO. Since 1997, it has partnered with AKF to support over 300 schools to improve teaching methodology, community mobilization to support education governance and fundraising, and curriculum resource development.
Aga Khan Health Services has helped to transform Tajikistan’s health services towards decentralized, family medicine-driven care and community health interventions. It implements a wide range of private and community-based health programming and aligns its activities closely with the National Health Strategy of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection.
The University of Central Asia is an autonomous, notfor-profit institution and the world’s first internationally chartered university. It promotes social and economic development in mountain communities by offering an internationally recognized standard of higher education, and enabling the peoples of the region to preserve their rich cultural heritage as assets for the future. OJSC Pamir Energy was formed in 2002 as the first Public-Private Partnership in Tajikistan. The company was awarded a 25-year Concession Agreement with the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan, under which it provides electricity to over 220,000 people across GBAO (96 percent of the population) and to over 35,000 people in Badakhshan, Afghanistan.
Accelerate Prosperity was established as a joint initiative of AKF and the Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development and Industrial Promotion Services. Its mission is to inspire rising entrepreneurs in emerging regions to grow new markets, create sustainable employment and strengthen communities.
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Agriculture and Food Security AKF aims to ensure tangible food security, agricultural development and natural resource management, with special emphasis on the needs of rural communities in mountainous and resource-poor areas. By supporting locally adapted interventions, AKF is contributing to better household nutrition and food security, while supporting farmers to adapt to climate change, realise greater economic opportunities and mitigate risks in disaster-prone areas.
RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE AKF continues to catalyse investments in community-prioritised local and cross-border rural infrastructure, including bridges, roads, irrigation systems, and storage facilities. FARM LIVELIHOODS AND NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT We work to increase crop diversity, yields, quality, and nutritional value; promote effective agroforestry, water and livestock management; and bring technologies and best practices to public institutions, private service providers and rural communities.
OVER THE PAST FIVE YEARS...
Enhanced Food Security
Increased sustainable utilisation of natural resources
Improved livelihoods from agriculture
Improved resilience towards climate change
267,508 farmers supported with agriculture and food security interventions
1,555
Reaching the Most Vulnerable In Sejd, a remote village in the mountains of GBAO, three generations live together under the same roof. Gulrukh, a 39-year-old father of five, shares a house with his parents, wife, sister, niece and children. With no income apart from his grandparents’ monthly pension of $50, there is limited opportunity to enjoy a diversified diet.
“
Winter is very difficult. We have to barter for wood to heat the house. My children go to school, but I can’t buy warm clothes for them. We struggle to find enough food.
”
Through an AKF-established agricultural input rotating fund, Gulrukh gained access to 100kg of potato seed and fertilizer in addition to kidney bean, beetroot and carrot seeds. As one of the 140 most vulnerable households in the community Gulrukh receives these inputs free-of-cost, while more wellto-do neighbours repay their loans in cash or in kind at 10% interest to enable the fund’s sustainability.
Complementary investments in irrigation canals and storages increase the area of cultivated in these remote communities and ensure sufficient food is available during the learn season. To encourage nutritious practices at the household level, Gulrukh’s wife, Gulsiton, attended nutrition education training sessions focussing on context-appropriate healthy diets, food hygiene and safety, and child growth and development.
rural infrastructure projects constructed or rehabilitated
88 irrigation canals constructed, upgraded, or rehabilitated 8
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Economic Inclusion AKF seeks to improve the economic wellbeing of women and men, with a focus on youth. Our economic inclusion programming promotes increased incomes and employment opportunities while improving access to financial and business services.
Increased employment and self-employment
Increased productivity and income for producers and businesses
SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE AND MARKET DEVELOPMENT Our value chain development interventions diversify economic activity and enhance productivity and market integration for thousands of small-scale producers and enterprises. AKF also engages Accelerate Prosperity, a recent initiative of the AKDN, to promote entrepreneurship, particularly among women and youth, and the growth of start-up and early stage businesses. FINANCIAL INCLUSION AKF empowers communities through communitybased savings groups as a safe and convenient means to save regularly for emergencies and investments. These financial services are widely demanded, primarily by women. This is complemented by support for Rushdi Kuhiston, a community-owned Micro-Loan Organization providing financing for investments in agriculture, non-farm enterprise, and other purposes to borrowers in rural and remote areas where commercial loan capital is unavailable and investments are too large for savings groups.
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Increased access to renewable energy
Enhanced access to affordable and useful financial products
EMPLOYABLE SKILLS We provide access to market oriented skills in vocational and technical trades through direct training and facilitate access to services provided by AKDN agencies. Our skills development programming includes entrepreneurship to encourage selfemployment and create new job opportunities. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AKF contributes to building the tourism ecosystem in Tajikistan, supporting the national government’s initiative to declare 2018 the Year of Tourism and Folk Crafts in Tajikistan. We engage the Pamirs Eco-cultural Tourism Association (PECTA) to build capacity of service providers to deliver quality services to tourists and promote Tajikistan as a destination of choice in foreign markets.
OVER THE PAST FIVE YEARS...
11,540
188
TJS 27 million
12,881
seasonal and temporary jobs created
enterprises supported
disbursed in microfinance loans
tourists visited Pamir Welcome Centres
PECTA’s promotional efforts led to the High Pamirs Mountain Region of Tajikistan being recognised for the third time in 2018 in Green Destinations Sustainable Destinations Top 100. In 2018, The High Pamirs also won the “Best of Asia-Pacific” destination award. The award was announced at ITB Berlin, the world’s leading tourism trade fair, attended by over 10,000 companies and organisations from 186 countries and 110,000 trade visitors. In connection with the Year of Tourism and Folk Crafts declared by the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, MSDSP updated and printed the second edition of the tourism map “The Pamirs Map”. The map is available for sale at the Pamir Welcome Centre in Khorog and stationery outlets in Dushanbe.
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Education
A LIFE-LONG LEARNING CONTINUUM
Early Childhood Development
Secondary Education Primary Education
Tertiary Education
AKF improves the quality of education in public schools with the aim to equip boys, girls and young adults with the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values to help them interact effectively with the world and contribute to society. We work closely with the government, private sector, civil society, academic institutions, and students to develop and scale accessible, innovative solutions that raise the quality of public education.
Lifelong Learning
ACCELERATING STUDENT LEARNING AKF seeks to accelerate the quality and relevance of student learning. We reinforce teacher-led extracurricular activities to promote problem-based learning and creative and critical thinking skills, strengthen student councils to improve leadership and knowledge, and develop contextually relevant storybooks.
Increased access to quality learning opportunities
Enhanced learning outcomes
Strengthened education systems and institutions
TRANSFORMING TEACHING AND LEADERSHIP We aim to transform the quality, status, and professionalism of teaching and educational leadership. This includes strengthening schoolbased professional development systems through methodological training days and communities of practice, training teachers on interactive pedagogy and problem-based learning, and capacitating school management. AKF promotes community engagement in fundraising and school operations through establishing and strengthening parent-teacher associations.
OVER THE PAST FIVE YEARS...
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236
43,600
10
schools enhanced by training 8,130 teachers on best pedagogical practices
students benefitted from improved learning environments and teaching
schools with improved learning environments through infrastructure improvements and resources
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Early Childhood Development Our Early Childhood Development (ECD) programme ensures girls and boys have a good start in life by influencing the contexts and environments in which they are growing. ECD plays a pivotal role in the cognitive, social, emotional and physical development of young children aged 0-5. What happens - or doesn’t happen - to children at this time affects not only their immediate well-being but also the foundations for their future and those of their society.
NURTURING CARE AND EDUCATION SERVICES AKF scales and improves its community and schoolbased ECD learning centre model, by constructing, rehabilitating, or equipping ECD centres. We also strengthen the capacity of primary healthcare facilities to provide nurturing care to best support child development. ENGAGING WITH PARENTS AND CAREGIVERS We ensure parents and caregivers develop the knowledge, skills, and confidence to support their children’s development by capacitating community
health promoters and health professionals to offer counselling services, while ensuring optimal pre- and post-natal care for mothers and adolescent girls. AKF engages community volunteers to improve teaching and learning environments and support operations through ECD support groups. TRANSFORMING ECD PROFESSIONALS AKF professionalises the ECD workforce through the capacity development of ECD teachers, mentorship to reinforce practical application of best practices, and a new ECD professional training programme.
OVER THE PAST FIVE YEARS...
Improved access to quality services
Enhanced family and community support
Strengthened human resources and institutions
10,966
268
63%
12,916
children aged 3-6 attended ECD early learning centres
ECD early learning centres established
of young children in GBAO have access to early learning services
children aged 0-4 reached through child care counselling sessions for caregivers
“
My son, Marodmamadov, is attending the ECD centre in Khidorjev village. After picking him up we do lessons together, it is like we are both attending school.”
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Nargis Olimshoeva
”
AKF is expanding the resource base for teachers and learners, developing interactive mobile applications and age-appropriate storybooks in both English and Tajik.
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Health and Nutrition
Access to improved healthcare services increased to reach:
AKF aims to enable individuals and communities to optimise their health and wellbeing and reach their full potential through a comprehensive and integrated range of interventions in communities, schools, facilities, and health systems.
Improved nutritional status of women, adolescents and children
Improved access and utilisation of integrated healthcare services
79%
80%
52%
GBAO 170,000 of 216,000 people
3 targeted districts in Khatlon 165,000 of 207,000 people
Rasht Valley 193,000 of 371,000 people
Improved adolescent health and well-being
SCHOOL HEALTH & NUTRITION AKF supports teachers to incorporate hygiene, sanitation and nutrition into their lessons, lead schoolbased cooking demonstrations and support student councils to organise awareness-raising events. COMMUNITY HEALTH & NUTRITION AKF partners with volunteer community health promoters and primary healthcare professionals to identify and solve health problems, encourage behavioural change and spread knowledge and awareness on health and nutrition. INTEGRATED HEALTH SERVICES & SYSTEMS AKF connects secondary and tertiary health facilities through tele-consultations and eLearning, establishes community-based health financing schemes and develops systems for continuing professional development of health workers and primary health care professionals. Our cross-border health programme treats critically ill Afghan patients in Tajikistan while Tajik professionals provide health care and training in Afghanistan.
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OVER THE PAST FIVE YEARS...
122
854
doctors trained in family medicine
nurses trained in family medicine
288
617,000
primary health care facilities individuals with access to improved primary constructed or rehabilitated healthcare services and equipped
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Civil Society
AKF-supported Community-based Organisations: 1993-present 308 Water user associations / committees
AKF’s experience in grassroots poverty alleviation has shown that community-based civil society structures are the foundation of development. AKF aims to develop resilient, valuesbased civil societies which demonstrate greater competency, legitimacy, accountability and sustainability.
512 Economic associations
107 Community emergency response teams
1,754 Mahalla Committees
355 Technology, pasture and land use groups
1,900 Community health promoters
(village organisations)
Enhanced capacities for collective action
Strengthened valuesbased societies
Enhanced transparency and accountability
Improved services, resources and economic assets
GOOD GOVERNANCE AKF establishes, strengthens and partners with mahalla committees and other community-based entities to implement inclusive, efficient, transparent and accountable governance of development activities. To build the capacity of these grassroots civil society entities, AKF trains them on topics such as development planning, book-keeping, project implementation, fundraising and financial management. CONNECTING SUPPLY AND DEMAND AKF connects the demand and supply of governance by creating interfaces between citizens, mahalla committees, and local government to align public resources around community priorities and needs. CIVIC ENGAGEMENT We empower all segments of the community – women, men, youth and the elderly – to participate meaningfully in local decision-making processes. AKF supports village development planning workshops for communities to identify their key priorities through a participatory process involving the most marginalised members of communities. 18
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2,600 Community-based savings groups
155 Community-based health financing schemes
Mahalla committee, Nurmat Safurov, recognized the need for job creation, increased access to services and income generating activities. In response, the committee submitted a proposal to establish a multi-service centre which was financed by AKF through a micro-development project. The centre provides haircuts, shoe repairs and photo and printing services, funneling income back to the village for future development investments, while providing employment opportunities for young members of the community. Committee members explain that in the past they could never organise themselves to pool resources or implement projects. Now, many community meetings are centred around self-sufficiency—something the community yearned for and found through AKF’s self-directed development training.
OVER THE PAST FIVE YEARS...
1,169,000
1,500
3,600
individuals engaged in local development
mahalla committees supported
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Water, Sanitation and Hygiene AKF works with communities to develop sustainable water supplies, strengthen sanitation, promote effective management of water resources and improve hygiene practices. This contributes to prevention of waterborne and water-related disease, reduces the burden on women and children in fetching water, and improves overall quality of life.
Establishing household and public sanitation facilities and rural water supply systems, including private, metred household connections and connections to primary healthcare facilities and schools
Establishing decentralised operation and maintenance systems for water and sanitation infrastructure
104,115
129
1,356
55,445
rural people gained access to safe drinking water
safe drinking water systems established
public and private sanitation facilities established
individuals reached with improved sanitation services
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Committed to lessening this burden by making access to clean water more readily available, Sorj was selected by AKF to receive a water supply system with direct piping to every household. WHAT HAS CHANGED? The Azizov family was facing the consequences from the lack of access to adequate and hygienic water supply. Forough, one of the family’s teenage girls, was responsible for collecting water for her family before the project. She began at a young age and remembered feeling scared to make the journey to
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Sorj village sits in the rugged mountains of GBAO, with houses nestled amid rocky slopes. Without a water system in place, villagers had to make the journey to and from a distant river to collect water for their families. During the winter, this was exceptionally difficult, with ice and snow making the trip slower and more dangerous. Alimamad, the head of Sorj Mahalla Committee, explains that improved access to safe water had been the number one priority of their village development plan for over 10 years—
“The water we fetched from the river became dirty from flooding and people were getting sick. There have been many accidents… children getting pulled into the river, a woman broke her leg and arm. It was clear what we needed”
OUR APPROACH
Raising community awareness of best practices around water, sanitation and hygiene through trainings and community awareness campaigns
A Life Shaped by Water Scarcity
the river alone. Once she got older, she found herself facing different challenges, such as keeping up with homework and other household duties because of the amount of time she was spending collecting water-
“We need to wash our clothes once per week. Because I had to make so many trips, it used to take me an entire day to carry the water.” Her little brother, Muin, is eight-years-old and shared similar stories. He would carry two buckets with 20 litres of water, sometimes two-four times a day. While he managed to go to school, he would spend the remainder of daylight collecting water. Despite the human right to water and sanitation, women and children around the world pay with their time and lost opportunities—girls alone waste 200 hours each year collecting water for their families. Regardless of these stark statistics, there are solutions. Programmes like AKF’s are ending the need for women and young children to spend hours fetching water and allow them to focus on other aspects of their lives that will help move their families out of poverty and towards prosperity.
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Pluralism - An ethic of respect for diversity
Gender Equality
When societies value, rather than fear, group based differences, diversity can become an asset. AKF sees enhancing appreciation, tolerance, and openness towards other peoples’ cultures, social structures, values and beliefs as critical for the welfare and progress of human society.
To contribute to eradicating poverty, we must address inequality. AKF’s work ensures women and girls in Tajikistan are empowered to reach their full potential—and can play an active role in transforming their households, communities and economies.
The institutional predecessors of AKF have been addressing gender equality for over 100 years.
“
“
What a wonderful, liberating thing it would be if more of us, more of the time, could see diversity not as a burden, but as a blessing; not as a threat, but as an opportunity. —
His Highness the Aga Khan
”
AKF places pluralism at the centre of its practice, by Working with teachers, parents and student councils to foster inclusive and pluralistic learning environments and prepare learners to become responsible and empathetic adults, including developing 52 original children’s books and mobile applications promoting social cohesion and critical thinking.
Supporting economic and social cooperation and exchange in border areas through a cross-border health programme and critical investments in cross-border infrastructure, including bridges, markets, irrigation and energy transmission.
Personally, if I had two children and one was a boy and the other a girl, and if I could afford to educate only one, I would have no hesitation in giving the higher education to the girl.
”
—Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah Aga Khan, 1906
Gender mainstreaming of activities has significantly improved…
Male involvement in early learning and health promotion activities
Community attitudes towards women’s health
Economic freedom through increased access to financial services Increasing the capacity of communities in border areas to sustainably manage natural resources, such as water and pasture land, including tools and approaches to mitigate and de-escalate conflict.
Supporting local governance structures to develop participatory systems involving all segments of the community – with a special emphasis on the most marginalised.
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Female participation in decisionmaking and planning for community development Access to quality primary health care services for women of reproductive age and children under five
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Future Directions Expansion of Safe Drinking Water Systems
Promotion of Agricultural Production and Food Security
Implement 90 water supply systems across all four regions of Tajikistan to further increase access to safe and clean water for approximately 80,000 rural community members living in vulnerable conditions.
Construct or rehabilitate 20 irrigation canals and improve the availability of seeds, fertilizers, storage facilities, greenhouses, and technical expertise for farmers and families, with targeted support to the most vulnerable.
Financial Statement, USD ‘000 Balance Sheet
2018
2017
2016
Un-audited
Audited
Audited
Assets Property and equipment
1,786
1,775
1,814
Investments
524
524
499
Cash and bank balances
14,178
14,811
12,965
Advances, receivables and prepayments
1,323
1,205
1,140
Total Assets
17,811
18,316
16,417
Payables and liabilities
15,134
15,704
14,032
Fund balance
2,612
2,385
2,462
Total Liabilities and Fund Balance
17,745
18,089
16,493
Grants and donations
14,267
13,397
12,786
Revenue from properties
225
216
232
Other revenue: fixed assets, depreciation, etc
25
106
(23)
Total Revenue
14,517
13,718
12,995
Programme grants
11,786
10,025
10,033
Administration
1,887
1,581
1,632
Properties
755
1,889
1,229
Other expenses: exchange rate gains/loss, depreciations, etc.
23
(4)
177
Total Expenditure
14,451
13,491
10,071
Excess of Revenue over Expenses
66
227
(76)
Liabilities and Funds Balance Innovations within the Education Sector
Enhance delivery of national school curricula through video-based teacher training, digitised storybooks, and interactive mobile applications.
Investments in Participatory Socioeconomic Development
Enhance social and economic opportunities through participatory approaches in all 16 districts bordering Afghanistan, including AKDN expansion into four new districts of Khatlon through a multi-sector partnership with USAID.
Advances in Nutrition Promotion
Roll out a comprehensive approach to improve nutritional status in remote mountain communities, with an emphasis on mothers, children under five, and girls of 15 to 19 years.
Revenue and Expenditure
Revenue
Expenditure
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• Cooperative Sarob
• Japan International Cooperation Agency
• CAMP Kuhiston
• Johnson & Johnson Corporate Citizenship Trust
• First MicroFinanceBank Tajikistan
• Pakistan Afghanistan Tajikistan Regional Integration Programme (PATRIP)
• Government of the Republic of Tajikistan
• Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland
• Institute for Professional Development in Education • Micro-loan Organisation Rushdi Kuhiston
• Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)
• Pamir Energy
• The Christensen Fund
• Pamirs Eco-Cultural Tourism Association
• United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
• Tcell
• United States Agency for International Development
• United States Embassy in Tajikistan
• Private Donors
• University of Central Asia • World Bank
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Aga Khan Agency for Habitat Aga Khan Health Services
• KfW Development Bank
Aga Khan Academies
• I Learn Matters Foundation
• Agence d’Aide à la Coopération Technique Et au Développement (ACTED)
Aga Khan Education Services
• Aga Khan Health Services
Aga Khan Agency for Microfinance
• Global Affairs Canada
• Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development
Social Development
• European Commission
• Aga Khan Education Services
Economic Development
• Embassy of Japan in Tajikistan
Award for Architecture Historic Cities Programme Music Initiative Museums and Exhibitions
• Aga Khan Agency for Microfinance
Aviation Financial Services Industry Media Tourism
• Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)
(FOR PROFIT)
• Aga Khan Agency for Habitat
Aga Khan Trust for Culture
• Department for International Development (DFID)
University of Central Asia
• Accelerate Prosperity
Aga Khan University
• Australian Embassy in Moscow
Aga Khan Foundation
IMPLEMENTING AND TECHNICAL PARTNERS
Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development
DONORS
Culture
Thanks to our Donors & Partners in 2018
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Contact Information Aga Khan Foudation Tajikistan 137 Rudaki Avenue Tojikmatlubot, 4th Floor 734003 Dushanbe, Tajikistan Tel: +992 37 2247650/2218001 Website: www.akdn.org/akf Aga Khan Development Network 734003 Dushanbe Tajikistan Tel: +992 37 2246500