PROJECT JOURNAL HERITAGE AND ARCHITECTURE
PRIORI EMMAUS DESIGN
ALEJANDRA FERRERA | 4793617
FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE AND THE BUILD ENVIRONMENT TU DELFT JULY 2020
I believe that the secret of the language of architecture does not lie in the being of space itself, but in the way in which we connect to it.
Dom Hans van der Laan (VDL C1 1940: 3)1
CONTENTS 6
Design strategy
8
Chapter 1: Project formulation Site analysis References - Heritage interventions St. Benedictusberg Abbey Architectural principles First impressions Experience through the building
20
Chapter 2: First design steps Program and target group Zoning studies Massing studies
28
Chapter 3: Reflection Value assessment Deeper understanding of the building: original drawings and plastic number theory Concept
38
Chapter 4: Project definition and goals Sketch proposal Sustainability strategy Building schemes Typology studies
48
Chapter 5: Final Proposal Site Elevations Floor plans Sections Typologies Sustainability concept Fragment Details Impressions
DESIGN STRATEGY Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Week 5
Information analysis Priori Emmaus Reading Design for Heritage Chapter 2, 3, 4. Research New program requirements Heritage interventions and references Site analysis Urban, neighborhood and building scale: Context, accessibility, climate, history, proportions, layers, lights and shadows, details, etc 3D model Existing building and future possibilities inside and outside the building Volume studies Matrix Heritage layers and values Study of building layers and its heritage value New program studies (3 proposals) Layout and spatial relations Additional volumes and connections with exiting building, proportions, composition, harmony Concept and fascinations User experience, spirit of place and reference projects studies Project goals Objectives definition Design strategy Layout definition Program detailing in the existing building, sections and volume additions BT concept studies Sustainability concept MID TERM PRESENTATION Proposal definition Floor plans sections and volume Concept of heritage intervention, new building additions, experience of place and building technology
6
Week 6
Reflections Mid term feedback Project upgrade 3d, floor plans and sections
Week 7
Final presentation and booklet structure Definition of information and products to include Project detailing BT integration Floor plans sections and details
Week 8
Final presentation products 3D Diagrams Floor plans Sections Details Interiors and exterior views
Week 9
Final presentation products review 3D Diagrams Floor plans Sections Details Interiors and exterior views
Week 10
FINAL PRESENTATION Reflection Design process, products and opportunities to improve. Final documents review
Week 11
DOCUMENTS UPLOAD Project journal Final booklet Final presentation
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CHAPTER 1: PROJECT FORMULATION
SITE ANALYSIS Project data Name Location Architect Year Site area Roof area Project area Style Original typology
Site views
10
Priori Emmaus Maarssen Jan de Jong 1963-1966 2,650 m2 5772 m2 Bossche School Monastery
Utrecht 8.8 km
Priori Emmaus
Vecht A2
A10 A2
Maarssen 2 km
A10 Amsterdam 32 km
The building and the city
11
SITE LAYERS E
4:26 AM
8:53 AM
Climate
N
S 8:57 PM
June 21 4:22 PM
W
Buildings
Accessibility
Water bodies
Site
12
December 21
The building and the estate
E
4:26 AM
8:53 AM A
N
S 8:57 PM
June 21 4
W
PM
December 21
13
REFERENCES HA INTERVENTIONS Damião de Góis Museum and the Victims of the Inquisition Architects: Location: Area: Year: Type: Original type:
Spaceworkers Alenquer, Portugal 175 m² 2017 Museum Church
Strategy highlights: Contrast on materials Clear definition old and new Improvement of space Respectful intervention without damaging existing building
Source: https://www.archdaily.com 14
Pinacoteca do Estado Architects:
Location: Area: Year: Type: Original type:
Paulo Mendes da Rocha Eduardo Colonelli Weliton Ricoy Torres São Paulo, Brazil 10815 m² 1998 Museum School
Strategy highlights: Contrast on materials Clear definition old and new Improvement of space Layou: entrance addition oriented towards new main street access Skylight allow new programs requirements and activities Respectful intervention without damaging existing building
Source: https://www.archdaily.com 15
ST. BENEDICTUSBERG ABBEY From brick to column, from column to wall, from wall to beam, from beam to opening, based on modular elements the architect defines interior from exterior, frames the landscapes and orients the user into a path through the building. The smallest size in the series of the Plastic Number represents the thickness of the wall. These are 55 centimeters thick in the abbey. The plan of the church has a ratio of 3 to 8, a derivative of the plastic number. Van der Laan, who was still developing the theory of the plastic number after construction, concluded that this ratio should have been 3 to 7. At an exhibition in 1982, Van der Laan presented a model of the Bovenkerk with these proportions. In this model, the church tower had been moved to the rear and rotated 90 degrees.
a a
b
b
3
3
4
4 3
2 4
5
Single wall
4 Structural wall
5
2
Double walls and columns
5 Column
Column
7
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ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPLES Van Der Laan had extraordinary qualities as an observer and thinker those that we can recognise on the depth and coherence of thoughts that he reached when he relates nature, art and religion. As a person in between the artisan, the thinker, and the religious man. His work gives a completely new perspective of the relationship between faith and science, on putting them in balance on his own theories comparing liturgy and its forms of expression with social life and culture and art as a way to create a language with each other. According to Van der Laan, function, is a matter of the relation of the artificial form to the nature given by God, and expression, a relation between its parts, everything is a component of the whole and they reflect one another. He believed that in the first stage humans create only functional forms to satisfy the needs of the body and secondly they can also integrate the expression that is connected to the mind. He believed that the most important aspect of the design was this spatial armony and not the users; architecture should be an expression of a deeper and spiritual meaning. To express these ideas in his architecture, elements like columns, beams and walls are tools to demonstrate his plastic number theory, as shown by the building Abdij Sint-Benedictusberg in Mamelis, Vaals.
FIRST IMPRESSIONS The first element identified in the project where its proportions, modularity and organization trough columns. By drawing lines and measuring possible future extensions it was recognized that the distance from the building to the canal was approximately 14m the same width of the offices wing. Another element was the distance from the building to the canal, 59m approximately the whole building with. In this way the first intention is to maintain this as a pattern for continuity. This is also related with Van der Laan’s thinkings of of space. In this way trough the building he creates courtyards, defines exterior and interior, public semipublic and private areas
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EXPERIENCE THROUGH THE BUILDING
18
SITE VISIT
19
CHAPTER 2: FIRST DESIGN STEPS
PROGRAM In the Heritage and architecture course the assignment is to convert the Priori Emmaus into a Health care center for people with a small degree ofdementia integrated with a Restaurant/Cafe area open to the public. HEALTH CARE CENTERS Health care centers is asociated with the term Asylum comes from the latin sylum, that is literaly translated as to take away and in greek means unforgetable place. This name was historically given to every place that gives attention in the most humanitarian way to vulnerable people in order to avoid segregation and guarantee their social integration. By definition health care centers community based organizations that give high-quality health care services to residents by delivering coordinated and comprehensive primary and preventive attention to people where economic, geographic, or cultural barriers limits its affordable access. They also provide integrate access to pharmacy mental health and substance disorders and are oriented to the most vulnerable individuals and families, including people experiencing homelessness, agricultural workers, residents of public housing, and veterans. This care reduces inequalities by emphasizing care management of patients with multiple health care needs and the use of key quality improvement practices. DE DRIE NOTENBOOMEN Is a small-scale housing facilities for different target groups. The concept is based in create a more affordable and personalized attention encouraging entrepreneurship and freedom of choice. The two typologies to integrate in the project are: De Herbergier Its a home for 15-16 people with memory problems, who need 24-hour care. Residents can continue their life similar as they were used to at home within the possibilities they have, and whit professional assistance given by the entrepreneur that lives in the house. In addition to the resident entrepreneurs, an average of 25 employees work with various employment contracts. The ratio betweenresident and staff is 0.9 to 1. Thomas op Kamers Its a small-scale residence form for 8-9 adults with an intellectual disability allowing them to stay in contact with the ordinary world. It is a condition that the care entrepreneurs are a couple. It’s mandatory that they also live in the building so they can be in charge of the night shifts and at least one of them has to be BIG registered. An average of 6 extra employees work together with the healthcare entrepreneurs on a ratio of 0.75 to 1 per resident. 22
Target group Dementia describes a group of symptoms affecting memory, thinking and social abilities severely enough to interfere with your daily life. It isn’t a specific disease, but several different diseases may cause dementia. Though dementia generally involves memory loss, memory loss has different causes. Memory loss, which is usually noticed by a spouse or someone else Difficulty communicating or finding words Difficulty with visual and spatial abilities, such as getting lost while driving Difficulty reasoning or problem-solving Difficulty handling complex tasks Difficulty with planning and organizing Difficulty with coordination and motor functions Confusion and disorientation Personality changes Depression Anxiety Hallucinations Diet exercise social interaction mind activity Manage cardiovascular risk factors quality sleep
Priori Emmaus
PROGRAM REFERENCES NURSING HOME
Location: Pont-sur-Yonne, France Architects: Dominique Coulon & associés Area: 5395 m² Year: 2014 Highlights: Integration interior exterior, clear definitioin of clusters, common spaces for the complex, terraces and views. LEGEND Access Public path Private path Service path Vetical circulation Rooms Gardens Common rooms Service areas
This two-floor nursing home on the grounds of the old Hummelkaserne barracks stands in a part of the city with diverse urban surrounding. The home is compact and square-shaped with asymmetrical cut-outs serving to divide the house into its spatial concept of eight housing communities, four on each floor. These are grouped around a central “village square” which stretches from one side of the first floor through to the other and is partly covered by a roof terrace. Each housing community consists of rooms, a kitchen and a dining area for 13 residents and a carer, generating a manageable and familiar atmosphere. Large balconies and loggias, as well as a variety of paths and views through to other parts of the house provide a stimulating environment. The rooms vary slightly in relation to location and the direction they face, but each room has a casement window and a larger window with a low, heated parapet which can serve as a seat. The care rooms are centrally located within the building, ensuring that they are only a short distance away for everyone and that the home can operate efficiently. 23
Exterior areas Main access Service access Car parking Bike parking Gardens Farm
55 Residence + 60 Restaurant
Common spaces Main access Foyer Toilets and wardrobe Multi-functional rooms: Library and lecture area, gym, therapy and rehab area, atelier, workshops, meetings etc. 2 De Herbergier clusters
900-1000m2/cluster
Access 1 Living room 1 Entrepreneur apartment 16 Resident rooms
10+ m2 150-200m2 100m2 30m2/room
3 Thomas op Kamers clusters
900-1000m2/cluster
Access 1 Meeting room 1 Entrepreneur apartment 8-9 Residents apartments
10+ m2 300m2 100m2 40m2/apartment
1 Grand cafe/Restaurant
750m2/150-200 people
Foyer 1 Bar Toilets and wardrobe 1 Meeting hall 175 seats 1 Cafe space120 seats 1 Kitchen and storage
200m2 150-200 m2
Service areas General storage Maintenance Nursing station/Medical kit Mail Laundry Waste Equipment space: Ventilation and heating water, electricity etc. 24
ZONNING STUDIES LEYEND Herberhier rooms Thomashuis apartments Common rooms Service area Storage Vertical circulation Main circulation Circulation halls Existing building Structure and partitions
New program zoning Existing building
1st floor
Ground floor
-1st floor
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MASS DEVELOPMENT 1. Existing building volume. The possibilities of the existing building layout were studied before defining the new additions in order to have a clear idea of the dimensions to achieve the program requirements.
2. Building main axis
3. Volume additions on two sides of the building. The north side connected with the most private area will host the residential additions.
4. Increasing volume to get the demands of new program. The south volume, more exposed and open to the park and will host a restaurant/cafe.
5. Proportions of new volumes and distance from the existing building were analyzed according to plastic number principles
26
6. The south volume was extended to the south side in order to avoid interruptions in the view from and to the existing building. Also considering that in the restaurant program the existing trees can be considered into the future design.
7. Connections between existing and new buildings.
8. The connections will be covered but transparent highlighting the contrast between old and new.
9. Dimensions of the existing courtyard and yard were considered when placing the new roofs.
10. The last roof addition was place in order to highlight the more public entrance and to give value to the exiting building with the new intervention
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CHAPTER 3: REFLECTION
MATRIX - LAYERS AND HERITAGE VALUES
A. AGE
BRAND+ 1. SITE / SETTING / SURROUNDINGS
RIEGL +
LOW
Monumental trees in the Monument buildings park defined the position mainly next to the river of the Monastery have defined a heritage area
2. BUILDING
Construction since 1966
Nominated as national monument
3. SKIN
Aged but well preserved elements on the facade
Finishes representative of local materials in Dutch architectural movements
4. STRUCTURE
Rhythm and proportions representative of Dutch architectural movements
5. SPACE PLAN
Layout representative of Dutch architectural movements
6. SURFACES
Finishes representative of Dutch architectural movements
7. SERVICES
8. STUFF
Representative of Dutch architectural movements
9. SPIRIT OF PLACE
Religious and spiritual meaning
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C. COMMEMORATIVE
MEDIUM
B. HISTORICAL
HIGH
Represents a religious movement and historical events
G. ORIGINALITY
F. ART
E. NEW-NESS
D. USE The park is a place for recreational activities
English style landscape and sculptures in the park
Proportions of the building according to the site conditions and the plastic number
Present skin in good conditions require small maintenance
Designed by Tom Hans Van der Laan and Jang de Jong
Brick, wood and concrete characteristic of Bossche style
Structure as element of Present structure in good space definition an orna- conditions ment
Proportions and rhythm based to the plastic number
Introvert layout for contemplation purposes
Space definition characteristic of Bosshe school: galleries interior and exterior relation etc
Jang de Jong original design
Modesty, simplicity sobri- Lights and shadows highety, and monochromatic lighting the textures colors characteristic of Bossche school
Building systems are hard to adapt
Furniture and ornamental Contemporary design features can be use in trends use similar elepresent and future proments. grams
Design using plastic num- Furniture, doors and ber rules and symbolic lamps designed by Jan elements de Jong and Tom Hans Vander Laan
Place for contemplation and meditation
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ORIGINAL DESIGN PROCESS - DRAWINGS FROM JAN DE JONG AND TOM HANS VAN DER LAAN 1. Site: Path drawings
2. Building: Zonning and interior paths
3. Building: Paths columns and connections inside the building
32
1. Bridge crossing the canal and columns framing and defining spaces
1. Connection between courtyards
1. Gallery surrounding the rooms and open yard first landscape intentions
33
CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT FROM ANALYSIS TO CONCEPT
URBAN SCALE BETWEEN INSIDE AND OUTSIDE 1. Barriers - Interruption of flows and continuous circulation in the surroundings. 2. Connection possibilities between building and site, site and surroun dings, and surroundings through site.
1.
2.
1.
2.
1.
2.
BUILDING SCALE BETWEEN SOLIDS AND VOIDS 1. Solids - Main building axis, connections from interior to exterior 2. Voids - Surrounding elements and space definition by courtyards, water-bodies, and trees. Connections of exterior through the interior.
ROOM SCALE BETWEEN OPEN AND CLOSE 1. Public areas interconnected by circulation inside and outside the building. The layout of the building allows connection of rooms between two sides: courtyard and park. 2. In the room scale, shared and pri vate rooms have views to inner court yards and outside yards allowing natural ventilation and light
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A PLACE TO CONNECT Through an analysis and understanding of the site, the building and its specific characteristics, opportunities for the future development where identified. Even though the building and the site are close to the outside, barriers and difficulties to visualize it from the exterior because of the initial program requirements of a monastery, it has possibilities to connect in many ways with small intervention in coherence with a high respect for the heritage value that the place already has.
to allow circulation over the Vetch and, streets that now are discontinued can be joined with the existing grid.
In the urban scale, the site, whit its special English landscape settings can work as an element of connection between the surrounding neighborhoods. Interventions
Over all the building and the site have a great potential for high quality spaces with social interactions, connection with nature and healthy environment
In the building scale the sinuosity of the circulation allows meeting points for social interaction, and places for permanency and delight. Main paths are like streets, enhancing the feeling of neighborhood, community and belonging, but in a safe and control environment for the user (elderly and people with dementia).
CONCEPT MASTER PLAN
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FASCINATIONS AND MATERIALITY
Contrast The Priori building has a well maintained brick facade. This material is distinctive of the Bosshe School and it gives an special character to the building making it look as a stone in the middle of the park. Its also heavy to the eye perception and that’s why the new intervention will be mainly on white plaster and glass to be respectful with the existing don’t competing but to highlight it keeping also the austerity principle.
Hierarchy As one of the main aims is to highlight the existing buildings the intervention will frame the priori by a covering that connects two new volumes
Composition
36
REFERENCES MAR Architects: Location: Area: Year: Type: Original type:
Spaceworkers Alenquer, Portugal 175 m² 2017 Museum Church
Strategy highlights: Contrast on materials Clear definition old and new Improvement of space Respectful intervention without damaging existing building
HA INTERVENTIONS
37
CHAPTER 4: PROJECT DEFINITION
SITE
AXONOMETRIC VIEWS
40
41
ZONING LEGEND Residential area Common rooms Amenities Restaurant Green area Service area Circulation
Underground floor
Ground floor
First floor 42
ELEVATIONS AND SECTIONS
43
SUSTAINABILITY CONCEPT 3 STEP STRATEGY
1. Reduce
2. Reuse
Passive
• Seasonal water storage • Heliophylter • Heat recovery • Heat pump • Shower heat exchanger • Rainwater collectors for washing machines toilets and gardens • Balanced Ventilation with heat recovery and air preheating
• Hall orientation to south (pre-climatized area) • Interior thermal insulation inside the rooms on north face • HR++ glazing • Thermal bridge interruption • Air tightness improvement • Protection of green area Active
3. Produce
• Led lightning • Energy efficient equipment • High efficient plumbing equipment • Heat Pump Dryer • Electric Induction Hob • Extractor connected to mechanical ventilation • Summer cooling through Natural Ventilation
PVT panels
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BUILDING SCHEMES
Circulation structure
Mechanical structure
Mechanical grid
45
TYPOLOGY STUDIES THOMAS OP KAMERS - 1 THOMAS OP KAMERS - 1
46
THOMAS OP KAMERS - 2
HERBERHIER - 3
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CHAPTER 5: FINAL PROPOSAL
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49
SITE
ELEVATIONS
WEST
NORTH
50
FLOOR PLANS
01
HERBERHIER 1
LIBRARY CAFE
HERBERHIER 2
HERBERHIER 3 7
6
5
4 3
2 1
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
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FLOOR PLANS
00
GYM
TOMAS OP KAMERS 1
LIBRARY CAFE
OFFICE
HERBERHIER 3 7
6
5
PLAZA
4 3
2 1
A
B
C
D
RESTAURANT
52
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
FLOOR PLANS
-01
RESIDENTIAL AMENITIES SERVICE CANAL
WORKSHOP
TOMAS OP KAMERS 2
7
6
5
4 3
2 1
A
B
C
KITHCHEN
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
MECHANICS
53
SECTIONS
SECTION A 1
2
3
5
6
7
1
2
3
5
6
7
SECTION B
SECTION C
7
SECTION E
SECTION F
SECTION G A
54
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
6
5
4
3
2
TYPOLOGIES
SUSTAINABILITY CONCEPT
EXISTING BUILDING EXISTING WOOD INTERVENTION
LT - OUTSIDE MT HALLS - BUFFER SPACE - RADIATORS HT - ROOMS - INSULATION AND FLOOR HEATING
55
FRAGMENT
ROOF PLAZA
MAIN STRUCTURE
BUILDING ROOF
MEZZANINE EXISTING BUILDING
NEW STRUCTURE RESTAURANT CIRCULATION
KITCHEN
56
6
7
5
6
3 3
5
2 2
4
1 1
7
57
FRAGMENT
1
2
58
3
DETAIL 1 1 Roof:
2 Gutter Closing curtain wall profile 3 Curtain Wall Insulated + Laminated Glass 6 + 12 + 4 + 4 4 Curtain Wall Anchor 5 I Beam 6 Anchor/Beam Cover Fire Resistant Plaster Wool Insulation Moisture Protection 7 Curtain Detail 15X20 Chanel Led Stripe 8 Ceiling Moisture Protection Wool insulation Aluminum structure Gypsum ceiling
1
2
Gravel Waterproof Layer Wool insulation Moisture Protection Hollow Core Slab
3 4 5 6
7 8
DETAIL 2 1 Floor
1
Parquet finish Pipe heating slab Wool insulation Moisture Protection Hollow Core Slab 2 Level transition curtain wall profile 3 Curtain Wall Insulated + Laminated Glass 6 + 12 + 4 + 4 4 Curtain Wall Anchor 5 I Beam 6 Anchor/Beam Cover Fire Resistant Plaster Wool Insulation Moisture Protection 7 Curtain Detail 15X20 Chanel Led Stripe 8 Ceiling Moisture Protection Wool insulation Aluminum structure Gypsum ceiling
2
3 4 5 6
7 8
DETAIL 3 1 Existing Roof: Gravel Waterproof Layer Wool insulation Moisture Protection Slab 2 Gutter 3 Existing wall Wood finish Moinsture protection Brick wall 4 Ceiling Moisture protection Wool insulation Aluminum structure Gypsum ceiling 5 New roof: Gravel Waterproof Layer Wool insulation Moisture Protection Hollow core slab 6 Drain pipe
2
1
7 3 4
6
5
8
59
IMPRESSIONS
60
61
62
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ALEJANDRA FERRERA | 4793617
HERITAGE AND ARCHITECTURE FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE AND THE BUILD ENVIRONMENT TU DELFT JULY 2020 64