THE PAZARS: The Urban and Tectonics Structures of Istanbul’s Open Markets by SANALarc

THE PAZARS: The Urban and Tectonics Structures of Istanbul’s Open Markets Project Abstract

Turkey’s neighborhood markets, pazars, penetrate every neighborhood one day a week for centuries. Yet, neither this ephemeral marketplace nor the man-made generative structure that defines its practice has changed with any significance despite social, cultural and technological transformations. The pazars’ fundamental practice of place-making, in its absolute agility, simplicity and responses to terrain and climate, has been nearly perfected along with the choreography of set-up and take-down. The structure is a distinctive practice of co-creation; using the forces of kinetics and redundancy to create compact or expansive market place. What is unique about it is the use of passive open space, like streets, watersheds or residual lands, but never an active public space as parks, highways or public squares. On this ground, this research documents the information about pazars as valuable intangible heritage encompassing the locations of the pazars in the city, their specific characters and means of constructing daily open markets. The insight of the study is aimed to offer novel agile approaches in regard to the spatial design for contemporary open-air exchanges as well as new directions in man-made generative structures for ephemeral place-making in the cities.

The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbul’s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 Lead Researcher: Alexis Şanal, SANALarc

CONTENT // Project Methodology // Introductory Essay: Generative Structures as Spatial, Social and Economic Activators // Legend of the drawings // Technical system drawings & Matrix of Tectonic Components //

Components: Ropes, Poles, tarps

Connection Mechanisms & Systems

Construct

Set-up

Urban Performance

Situations

// Illustrative urban drawings //

Matrix of pazars

Ariel Photo of selected pazar sites

Plans and Sections of pazar sites

// Regional mapping //

Map of Istanbul

Selected Municipality Maps

// Catalogue of Relations //

What it really takes to be a Pazarcı?

Constructing the Generative Structure

Pazarcı Crew and Choreography of the Stage

Pazar Policy: Who Thinks & Acts What?

// Documentary Videos //

The Construct

The Volume

// Conclusion

The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbul’s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 Lead Researcher: Alexis Şanal, SANALarc

The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets

Project Methodology

PROJECT METHODOLOGY

// Introductory essay Generative Structures as Spatial, Social and Economic Activators

The introductory essay creates a historical and theoretical framework of the research that clearly reveals the value of pazars as intangible heritage and relevant urban generative practice.

// Legend of the drawings

It is the key for technical drawings, martix of components.and regional maps. The types, days of the pazars, sizes and urban amenities and selected pazars are higlights in the symbol set.

// Technical system drawings & Matrix of Tectonic Components (drawing set of the pazar kits, components and working principles in technical and hand drawings)

Compiled into an index with parameters of their relations the technical drwaings execute pazars generative patterns, set-up and take-down mechanisms

and tetonic dynamics. Technical and hand drawings display the process of 3

typologies: street, parking area and watershed including the kinetic structures, component kit, connections materials and mechanisms.

Pazars are open for business year round with sophisticated, yet simple, means to create a ‘shared canopy’ -a whole -- to cope with Istanbul’s four distinct seasons. The shared canopy is made from three basic parts: tarps, ropes and poles. These parts are brought and owned individually by the stallholders (tables are rented on-site as part of their annual rental fee fixed throughout the municipalities). The ropes create a hybrid tension and kinetic structure. The structural system connects to the buildings, existing urban vertical elements (trees, telephone poles, fences) and merchant tables. The kinetic dimension of the system uses poles in friction with asphalt, concrete, dirt and rocks. Weights are also used to hold their position against the forces of the tensioned tarps and to keep people from tripping over the poles in the middle of the aisles.

The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbul’s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc: Alexis Şanal (Urban Designer, Architect), Semra Horuz (Architectural Historian)

The collaborative work between stallholders, technical supporters and experts of gırgır system (pulley mechanism), vendors (milk seller in the cold mornings) and chamber members is one of a kind. To create these canopies, stallholders borrow rope line space, canopy space, connection points and context to create the elaborate web of the structure. The merchants take great pride in their ropes and tarps placing a great value on their quality and maintenance. Both natural materials and synthetic materials are used for the ropes and tarps, while the poles are almost always made from simple steel tube. Poles are also used on rainy days to poke at the tarps to drain the puddles collecting on their horizontal surfaces. The tarps let light through, shade against harsh sun, and protect all from the rain and snow – hence different tarps are used during different seasons. The outcomes of technical survey are grouped as such: A) Components a. Ropes b. Tarps c. Poles B) Connection Mechanisms & Systems a. Knots (loops/rings, spines, extensions, storage, dynamic adjustments) b. Pulley System c. Friction/Kinetic C) D) E) F)

Construct Set-up Urban Performances Situations

// Illustrative urban drawings (site plans and sections, scenarios of set up and take down)

The analyzis of 8 selected pazars display their spatial organization and relationship to their context in terms of civic services, public spaces and related amenities. They are prepared in context of municipal maps, context qualitative data in vector format.

According to the data provided by Umum Pazarcılar Odası, there are 377 district bazaars set up during a week in Istanbul; 235 in European and 122 in Anatolia. The size of the bazaars in 39 municipalities varies

between 200 m. streets with linear bazaars to 50,000 sq. m. giant bazaars with more than 5000 stalls. Namely, Kadıköy Salı Pazarı is set in an area of 48,000 sq.m. on Tuesdays with 1900 stands, Beşiktaş Cumartesi Pazarı held on Saturdays on Nüzhetiye Caddesi across from Ihlamur Pavilion

-on the streets

opening to the avenue with 400 stands and Yeşilköy Çarşamba Pazarı is set at Yeşilköy Çırpıcı, in an area of 12000 sq.m. with 640 stallholders and 2019 stands. It is observed that every pazar has regular stallholder and customers that is known by everyone. Besides, the number of the pazars in each day of the weeks is evenly distributed; there is no significant change in the number of pazars on week days and weekends, as well.

Based on the given statistical data by the chamber and our observations of the sites, economic value (number of stalls, stallholders, potential customers) and spatial specifications 8 pazars are selected. The districts of the pazars as historical city centers, informal settlement areas, old or new neighborhoods are also considered while selecting the pazars to be analyzed in detail. The longevity, meaning whether they locate on a very old and historic district since many years or locate on relatively new settlements for shorter period also kept in mind in selection process. The pazars are documented via excursions, photo and video shootings, drawings and technical surveying. The selected pazars are (from big to small):

Kadıköy Pazarı, Kadıköy Merkez Fatih Pazarı, Fatih Beşiktaş Pazarı, Beşiktaş/Nüshetiye Üsküdar Pazarı, Üsküdar Merkez Eyüp Pazarı, Eyüp/İslambey Arnavutköy Pazarı, Beşiktaş/Arnavutköy Kasımpaşa Pazarı, Beyoğlu

// Regional mapping (metamaps, typology maps, infographics of urban amenities) The map and infographics of 337 pazars in Istanbul display the typology of pazars, size, economic catchment area and day of the week.

In the literature on pazars their typology could base on the products, canopy types, site plan types and intervals of the set up. In this study the typology addresses only the size and used land shaping the site plan.

The types according to the size: Small pazars: >2000 m2 , >200 tables Medium-sized pazars: 2000-12000 m2 , 250-3000 tables Large pazars: <12 000m2 , <3000 tables

The types of pazars according to site plans: Watershed pazars Street (linear) pazars Pazars on parking areas Hybrid pazars

Based on the characteristics of the towns and districts, its location in Istanbul, economic character, community and longevity a hybrid list of districts is formed from Anatolian and European side of Istanbul. They selected districts are:

Kadıköy Fatih Beşiktaş Üsküdar Eyüp Beşiktaş/Arnavutköy Beyoğlu

At least one pazar from each district, type of size and site plans is researched in order to draw a realistic picture of the gathered information. The urban amenities and resources around selected pazars are also display to reveal that they are an important part of an urban environment which share public resources.

// Catalogue of relations The relations between all stakeholders of Istanbul’s pazars are edited for a general public audience to bring awareness of their intangible cultural heritage, unique man-made generative structures and role in the shared future of the public

realm design in Istanbul. An approach with the focus of public space outreach is followed to bring attention of wide range of audience and awareness to residents, policy makers, architects and urban designers.

In addition to the information as an article format, the holistic knowledge that reflects the life around pazars is presented in a graphic novel with an excellent visual quality. The graphic novel maps the stakeholders, the rich plethora of the conversations around pazars including the emotional data as a popular culture product. By doing so, the risk of "zooming out" to see a bald of complex issues and “missing the human character” of pazars is overcomed. Pazarcı as a trader, salesman and builder –ultimately an actor of an urban performance is described, the teather of the market places, its aura, all stakeholders and negotiations are revealed. The new policies and regulations, their future impact on pazars is put forward to suggest possible further relations and prevent pazars fading out of the Istanbul’s urban fabric.

The interviews and reseach explicitly display the spatial, historic and urban value of pazars. The prominent sources are official gazzette, municipality reports, court cases, newspaper journals and the interviewees General Secretary of Kadıköy Pazarcılar Odası (Kadıköy Pazarcılar Chamber), pazarcı(s) and customers.

Within the stated purpose and scope and introductory essay, the research bases on 4 main paths to create a metamapping of information around pazars. Each path analysis specific aspect of the pazars and present it in idiosyncratic medium. Through the process of collaborative network weaving,

1. Regional mapping, 2.

Illustrative urban drawings, 3. Technical system drawings & matrix of tectonic components and 4. catalogue of relations (around the actors and their artisan practice) , 5. Documentary video are determined to reveal numerous aspects of the pazars as an invaluable construct and urban environment.

// Documentary Videos Two videos shows the excellent know-how and methodology of construction of pazars and the expansive natüre of canopy structure with a unique flow and fludity in urban realm.

The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets

Introductory Essay: Generative Structures as Spatial, Social and Economic Activators

INTRODUCTORY ESSAY Generative Structures as Spatial, Social and Economic Activators The word bazaar (in Turkish pazar) originated from a Persian word vāzār-bāzār, meaning public market district. Bāzār also means the work done around the city gate and door.1 In the days of old, the farmers sold their products outside of the city walls, close to the gates; and the term was used to define the place they had stalls and boxes around. Pazar in Turkish has also a second meaning, which is Sunday. The origin of these interconnected words display that bazaar is a specific location in the cities and has certain magnitude in the city life since the prehistoric times. Specifically in the Mediterranean cultures with nomadic characters and economies, bazaars are the most efficient systems of exchange that enable movements of people and products through their temporal structures. In Ottoman Empire bazaar addresses particulary weekly open markets –different from dedicated structures for trading since the rise of empire. Bazars have been always very efficient and methodical structures that bring the products to their customers since Osman Gazi period starting from Anatolian towns. Besides, even before the empire there have been weekly open markets with similar These ‘fluid movement systems’, therefore, are the resilient remnants of a practice that have been active in the villages, towns and cities like İstanbul for more than 3000 years. 2 Open market places, specifically weekly neighborhood pazars3, have never disappeared in the face of Istanbul since centuries despite many drastic urban changes. As the economic, social, cultural and technological context continually alters so does the urban environment transform; yet pazar structures are always attuned to the spatial and temporal requirements. The setup of pazar in almost every district on a certain day of the week at dawn and its take down during the sunset is an organic part of the choreography of the urban culture of İstanbul. Traditionally farmers’ market in the villages and then neighborhoods, the practice has focused on trading perishable goods, mainly seasonal fresh fruits, vegetables and foods. Their generative structures for one-day of commerce are the homogeneous and contiguous complexes spread all

Nişanyan, S. (2007), Sözlerin Soyağacı - Çağdaş Türkçenin Etimolojik Sözlüğü, Everest Yayınları.

Karakuş, G. (2009), Pazars’ Urban Effects: Future, http://www.sanalarch.com/pazar_yerleri/future.php

Henceforth, the term pazar will be used –rather than bazaar- that addresses solely weekly district markets, neighborhood open marketplaces, ephemeral outdoor structures -not permanent edifices as khans (han), covered bazaars (bedesten), caravanserais (kervansaray) and Ottoman bazaars (arasta). Besides, the farmers/producers’ markets and second-hand bazaars are also excluded from the scope of this study. The social articulations and architectonics of bazaar structures are common topics covered intensely in the fields of the urban planning and architectural history. Nevertheless, the architectonics of the pazars without any permanent structures in certain urban pieces is still veiled which is very relevant to the current demand of sustainable and ephemeral design in urban scale.

around the city as compact textures utilizing certain open spaces like streets, residual areas and watersheds. What is really striking in that they never occupy active public spaces such as meydans, parks, and high-ways. Thus, they bring an active life to some residual parts of the urban realm without a permanent impact. In regard to the fundamental practice of place-making, in its absolute agility, simplicity and responses to terrain and climate, they are ideal instances of determinants of social ecology4.

Pazars are timeless, permeable, temporal and definitely placeless structures. They are mobile; could be everywhere at any time, still have very localized and definite formations. Besides, pazars’ presence in Islamic, nomadic and Mediterranean cultures is always a symbol of encounter and exchange. As being one of the biggest parts of this culture, Istanbul’s pazars have still great potentials in efficiency of time, health and as an economic solution to buy fresh vegetables and fruits. Their fundamentality in the market grows constantly even today despite the market chains and farmers’ markets. They set-up in the streets, open parking lots, watersheds; rarely in establish permanent structures. Residents of neighborhoods know the day and location of their local pazars, as well as the time-honored specialty pazars (fish, organic, clothing, imported goods, etc.) dispersed throughout the city, typically in permanent locations operating seven days a week. In this sense, they are historic urban archetype in the regions ‘seting-up’ weekly from village to village and daily from neighborhood to neighborhood in major cities. Besides, Istanbul’s pazars are still a vital part of the agricultural-grocer economy whose structures and use of open public space has remained efficient. The tradition pursues naturally although there is no advertisement strategy, sign, posting or flyers. It relies on the social network and neighborhood word-of-mouth to learn the locations, best vendors and the day of the event. In addition, pazars have no economic demand or investment requirements as they are organic part of the choreography of their immediate urban environment. They actively use the urban amenities and resources as mosque WCs, the occupied space as places for storage, car-parking, business and all other needs.

The importance of the pazars endurance as a common urban archetype in the fabric of Istanbul lies in its intensification of existing open-space resources, its impromptu cooperative structures and the ephemeral yet rhythmic animation of public spaces. Everything that is used to create the ‘market-place’ for a day comes

For further elaborations on the concept of social ecology and bazaars see: Kazerooni, S. B., Pourjafar, M. (2014)“Hierarchy of Cultural Identity in Traditional Markets, Iran”, The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES) Volume3, Issue1, pp. 16-24.

and goes only for the duration of the purpose. It generates a value for the city in terms of its public realm, income and resident’s access to affordable daily goods. Hence, pazarcılar are not only tradesmen but also skillful builders and urban designers who know the hearth beat of the city and built their structure methodologically at the same areas in a selected day of the week. Although it seems somewhat impromptu practice to build pazar, pazarci(s) have very methodological techniques, collaboration systems and specific equipment to give a shape of their daily work place. In this regard, it is obvious that they have cumulative knowledge and tradition as builders -in which they have even their own mechanisms, systems and toolkit. Namely, gırgır system, are the basic pulley mechanism they use to locate the poles at the same points every pazar day and provide enough vertical support. The existing urban elements are also part of the system to transfer the force used to steepen up the poles (wooden or metal), locate it to the desired spot and connect them to the tarps. Pazarci(s) use special knots for each rope and they apply it all ropes first in a main pole and then transfer the force through these knots and connected ropes on the way to tarps.

Hence, pazars shall be evaluated first as means of transformation of certain open-space infrastructures into vibrant public spaces through a limited kit of components and secondly as means of tectonic impermanence through the know-how of stallholders about the morphology of streets and their shared canopies. Therein lies an incredible collaboration between merchants to create a comprehensive covered structure that keeps the sun, rain and snow off the goods and shoppers. This research formulizes this morphology in order to comprehend and share the potentials of it that is already being shared by stallholders since centuries. This information is believed to be an agent derived from valuable know-how and experience that could shed on light on many contemporary problems as a valuable resource to articulate past and present –even futuretechniques, advanced know-how and technology. On the other side, they potentially suggest a valid way of combining old and novel vision for 21st century in which one of the biggest challenge is the land scarcity – particularly for metropolises like İstanbul.

The presence of pazars in the market and their urban presence have been always active and visible since the Ottoman Empire. Through the rise and growth of the empire the exchange of commodities depend on three major practices: weekly pazars, expo (fuar), street fairs (panayır: expansive pazars for at least a week and generally longer than months). Pazars are the setting for locals specifically and biggest part of the internal

economy.

The rest is active in bedestens and hans who have a totally different strategy and legislation

system.

It is a well-known fact that in Ottoman Empire the trademen who are activaley working on towns and cities of the empire weren’t orginased hyriacally and through the acts of competetion law; rahter they are orginased by susbsidy and controlled by reciprocal relations. Till 18th and 19th century this subsidy and selfgenerative system pursues without major alterations. 6 In Ottoman Empire one of earliest regulations was about pazars (weekly open markets specifically excluding other fairs and expos). Osman Gazi observed that in many towns of Anatolia there are specific pazars days – rarely two days- in a week and pazarci(s) earn their life by moving around these pazars in close towns. 7Hence, he introduces some competition regulations about the prices of the goods, Bac tax which could be interpreted as toll money and tax for trading goods in modern economy. Similar to many other sectors in Ottoman Empire which started as urban subsidy practice they work efficiently without strict legislations but always under control by local and after 18th century central authorities. Today, pazars have highly formal, registered and authorized place in the economic system of the country. The labor, spatial structure and practice in pazars are controlled by serious protocols although the humble literature on them is primarily dominated by their informality. According to TÜİK, there are 300.000 stallholders in Turkey who is registered to the Camber of Pazars and there is still %12,9 informal employment. The number is aimed at less than %10 towards 2017 with the alterations of laws and regulations. 8

To document and analyze the data on pazars is highly urgent now as the current policy of Turkey’s Greater Municipality is slowly to phase-out street markets in favor of larger covered structures far from the city centers. Pazars are in phase of so-called losing their social and cultural existence. Therefore, this research intends to bring attention to their role in Istanbul’s shared future and as intangible cultural heritage in the global culture of agile urban design. The pazars certainly have not lost the relevance in the contemporary 5

http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/osmanlida-pazar-tarihimizde-pazarlar-kutsaldir-33 Trans. by the author. “Osmanlı şehir ve kasabalarında faaliyet gösteren esnafın, hiyerarşik yapıda teşkilâtlandığı ve birbirleriyle rekabet esasına göre değil, karşılıklı kontrol ve yardım prensibini esas aldıkları bilinmektedir. ...... XVIII. ve XIX. yüzyıllar içerisinde de bazı farklılıklarla birlikte aynı yapının muhafaza edildiği anlaşılmaktadır.” http://www.tarihtarih.com/?Syf=26&Syz=351623 , 6

http://www.journals.istanbul.edu.tr/iusskd/article/viewFile/1023012775/1023012002 7

Even in some towns the pazar days are intentionally Friday -which is the time that people go to city center to pray – to reach more people. http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/osmanlida-pazar-tarihimizde-pazarlar-kutsaldir-33 8 Detailed information is given under the chapter ‘Catalogue of Relations’.

fabric of Istanbul and their minimalistic approach delights our imaginations for other means to transform the existing open infrastructure into theatrical public-space.

Purpose and Scope

Within this framework, this research is an attempt to identify the assets of pazars on mainly two levels. First, the locations of the pazars in the city are analyzed to reveal their strength to empower delicate neighborhood textures, community life and the animation of the public space. By this way, decision makers and users could comprehend the reason why the practice and structure of pazars have endured and is still relevant to create sustainable models that ensure ‘the smaller the more accessible’ approach. On the second level, the examinations of their tectonics reveal agile, not land demanding approaches in spatial design for contemporary open-air activities as well as new directions in man-made generative structures for ephemeral place-making. Turkish pazar structures are uniquely dynamic and timeless; they are created as generative spatial systems that are developed for specific contexts everyday. Their spatial and tectonic parameters potentially offer insights to incorporate a wide variety of place-making for markets, open space use in public realm, shading and ephemeral canopy structures as sophisticated temporary interventions in urban design. Hence, the limited scope of this study as put before -district markets with mobile load-bearing and shading structures- requires a focus on the temporality of the structures, their light and expansive size with fragility and ability to attract thousands as a place for trade.

References -Dostoğlu, Ali Derya, (2011), Istanbul Bazaars as Social Activators, Unpublished Masters Thesis, Department of Architecture, Pratt. -Karakuş, G. (2009), Pazars’ Urban Effects: Future, http://www.sanalarch.com/pazar_yerleri/future.php -Kazerooni, S. B., Pourjafar, M. (2014)“Hierarchy of Cultural Identity in Traditional Markets, Iran”, The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES) Volume3, Issue1, pp. 16-24. -Nişanyan, S. (2007), Sözlerin Soyağacı - Çağdaş Türkçenin Etimolojik Sözlüğü, Everest Yayınları. -Öztekin, T.G. (2009), Eskisehir Kent Dinamiği Đçerisinde Pazaryeri Kavramının Incelenmesi, Unpublished Masters Thesis, Department of Architecture, Eskişehir Osmangazi Universitesi. -Resmi Gazete, Sayı 28351, (2012), Pazar Yeleri Hakkında Yönetmelik. http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/07/20120712-13.htm -Gelirler Müdürlüğü, Pazar Yeri Ücretleri -İstanbuldaki Semt Pazarları Envanter Çalışması, (2004) Istanbul Ticaret Odası, Istanbul. -http://www.hal.gov.tr/Sayfalar/AnaSayfa.aspx -http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/yazi-bir-pazar-hikayesi-28 -http://www.sanalarch.com/pazar_yerleri/future.php - http://www.journals.istanbul.edu.tr/iusskd/article/viewFile/1023012775/1023012002

The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets

Legend of the drawings

PAZAR Type Illustrations

LEGEND

FUNCTION

ICONS

commerce

gas station

garden

road

forest

library

bus stop

public building

fire station

toilet

sport facilities

pazars

dormitory

park

hospital

building

mosque

shopping

protected land

church

public bath

parks / square

cafe

telpher

civic public uses

fountain

car parking

cemetery

education

car parking

farm

TYPES

SIZE

Monday

watershed

large

Tuesday

street

medium

parking

small

hybrid

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher), Irem Coskun (Drawing) references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://wikimapia.org/, http://www.flaticon.com/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: Primary Color and BW Digital Drawing

DAYS

The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets

Technical system drawings & Matrix of Tectonic Components // Components: Ropes, Poles, tarps // Connection Mechanisms & Systems // Construct // Set-up // Urban Performance // Situations

T-CONNECTIONS ROPES Connections & Their Systems THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

CONTINUITY / EXTENSION ROPES Connections & Their Systems THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

COUPLING ROPES Connections & Their Systems THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

FRICTION ROPES Connections & Their Systems THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STORAGE ROPES Connections & Their Systems THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET - WATERSHED SETUP ELEMENTS Middle Pole THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

WATERSHED - HYBRID SETUP ELEMENTS Stable Post, Placed by Government THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET - WATERSHED - INFORMAL SETTLEMENT SETUP ELEMENTS Brand THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

ADAPTED SITUATION SETUP TYPOLOGY Exploded Axonometric THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET CONNECTION ELEMENTS Building THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET CONNECTION ELEMENTS Ground THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET CONNECTION ELEMENTS Post THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

INFORMAL SETTLEMENT CONNECTION ELEMENTS Tree THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET CONNECTION ELEMENTS Wall Components THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET CONNECTION ELEMENTS Window THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET CONNECTION ELEMENTS Ground Floor Window THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET SETUP TYPOLOGY Axonometric 1:100 THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

PRIMITIVE SETUP SETUP TYPOLOGY Axonometric 1:50 THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET SETUP TYPOLOGY Axonometric 1:50 THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

HYBRID SETUP TYPOLOGY Axonometric 1:50 THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

INFORMAL SETTLEMENT SETUP TYPOLOGY Perspective THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET SETUP TYPOLOGY Perspective THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

WATERSHED SETUP TYPOLOGY Perspective THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

INFORMAL SETTLEMENT SETUP TYPOLOGY Axonometric 1:100 THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

PRIMITIVE SETUP DIAGRAM Perspective Timelapse THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

INFORMAL SETTLEMENT SETUP Elevation THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET SETUP Elevation THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

WATERSHED SETUP Elevation THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET - WATERSHED - INFORMAL SETTLEMENT SETUP RELATIONS Section THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

WATERSHED - STREET - INFORMAL SETTLEMENT SETUP TIMELAPSE Elevation THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

WEATHER CONDITIONS, SUN - RAIN DIAGRAM Section THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET SKETCH THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET SKETCH Crowd THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET SKETCH Urban Relation THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET SKETCH Sky View THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

INFORMAL SETTLEMENT SKETCH Truck Usage THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

INFORMAL SETTLEMENT SKETCH Tree THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET SKETCH Brands On Narrow Street THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

GENERAL SKETCH Brand Supports THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

STREET - WATERSHED SKETCH Post THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

WATERSHED SKETCH Pole Arrangement THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) SBgroup: Burak Saatcioglu, Sedat Arda references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: BW Hand Drawing

The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets

Illustrative urban drawings //Matrix of pazars //Ariel Photo of selected pazar sites //Plans and Sections of pazar sites

MATRIX OF PAZARS

PAZAR Type Illustrations

KADIKOY

KADIKOY, Center

48.000 m2 6.300 tables

FATIH FATIH

30.000 m2 6000 tables

BESIKTAS

BESIKTAS, Nüzhetiye

12.000 m2 3000 tables

USKUDAR

USKUDAR, Center

7.340 m2 2235 tables

EYUP

EYUP, Islambey

BESIKTAS, Arnavutkoy

1.630 m2 50 tables

KASIMPASA

BEYOGLU, Kasımpasa

NAME

895 m2 30 tables

PLAN

TYPE

SIZE

DAY

AREA TABLES

CHARACTER

Media: Primary Color and BW Digital Drawing

ARNAVUTKOY

THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbul’s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher), Irem Coskun (Drawing)

4.361 m2 1225 tables

THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbul’s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher), Irem Coskun (Drawing) references: http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/, http://wikimapia.org/, http://www.flaticon.com/, http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/ Media: Primary Color and BW Digital Drawing

KADIKÖY PAZAR Urban Illustrations 1:2000

48.000 m2 6.300 tables

FATIH PAZAR Urban Illustrations 1:2000

30.000 m2 6000 tables

BESIKTAS PAZAR Urban Illustrations 1:2000

12.000 m2 3000 tables

7.340 m2 2235 tables

USKUDAR u PAZAR Urban Illustrations 1:1000

EYÜP, ISLAMBEY PAZAR Urban Illustrations 1:2000

4.361 m2 1225 tables

ARNAVUTKOY PAZAR Urban Illustrations 1:1000

1.630 m2 50 tables

KASIMPASA PAZAR Urban Illustrations 1:1000

895 m2 30 tables

MAPS

X: 417040.03

PAZAR Urban Illustrations 1:5000

Harita Katman Güncel İstanbul Arama E-Posta English

Y: 4543696.69

KADIKOY

BESIKTAS FATIH

USKUDAR

PAZAR Urban Illustrations 1:5000 Harita Katman Güncel İstanbul

X: 419128.92

MAPS Arama E-Posta English

EYUP

KASIMPASA ARNAVUTKOY

Sitedeki veriler bilgi amaçlıdır. Resmi işlemlerde kullanılamaz -İBB Y: 4549115.35

100m xxxx

The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets

Regional mapping //Map of Istanbul //Selected Municipality Maps

pazar sunday Media: Primary Color and BW Digital Drawing

sunday

THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbul’s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) Selva Gurdogan, Gregers Tang Thomsen, Derya Iyikul, Beyza Gurdogan, Betül Nuhoglu, Sule Kursuncu, Sina Dressler, Nikitas Gkavogiannis

MAP OF PAZARS IN ISTANBUL Urban Illustrations 1:2000

63 per day sunday average

443 listed and unlisted 2015

Siyavuşpaşa Pazarı x2

Hürriyet Pazarı Soğanlı Pazarı x2

Zafer Mahal lesi Pazarı Şirinevler Pazarı Zafer Mahal lesi Pazarı Çobançeşme Pazarı Kocasinan Pazarı

Kocasinan Pazarı

Kocasinan Pazarı x2

Soğanlı Pazarı Kıbrıs Cd. Rehber Cd.

Yenibosna Pazarı Nurettin Bey Sk. Yusuf Ağa Sk.

BAHÇELİEVLER

Çavuşpaşa Pazarı

Zafer Mahal lesi Pazarı 2. Okul Sk. Bahariye Sk.

Çavuşpaşa Pazarı Çavuşpaşa Cd. Cengiz Topel Cd.

Kocasinan Pazarı x2

Kocasinan O topark Pazarı !

, Nikitas Gkavogiannis

Camii Sk. Köyiçi Cd.

Güneşli Cd.

Bahçelievler Pazarı

Çobançeşme Pazarı Ahmet Haşim Sk. Can Sk.

Hürriyet Pazarı Hürriyet Cd.

Siyavuşpaşa Pazarı Ulubatlı Cd. Setüstü Sk. Leylak Sk.

Yenibosna Pazarı

Bahçelievler Pazarı Yaşar Erol Akansel Sk. İmar Sk.

Kocasinan O topark Pazarı Çiğdem S k.

Şirinevler Pazarı Zafer Mahal lesi Pazarı Cumhuri yet Cd.

Kazım Ka rabekir Cd. Kerim Çavuş Sk.

BAKIRKÖY

Beşiktaş Pazarı !

Dikilitaş Pazarı x2

4. Levent Pazarı

Faruk Nafız Çamlıbel Cd.

Ortaköy Pazarı x2

Arnavutköy Pazarı

BEŞİKTAŞ

Arnavutköy Pazarı Kireçhane S k.

Ortaköy Pazarı Varnalı Sk.

Dikilitaş Pazarı

Dilek Sk.

Beşiktaş Pazarı

Nüzheti ye Cd.

, Nikitas Gkavogiannis

ÜSKÜDAR

Rami Pazarı

Akşemsettin Pazarı

Cengiz Topel Cd. Emek Sk.

Alibeyköy Pazarı

Parseller Pazarı

Zuhal Sk. Betül Sk.

Yeşilpınar Cumar tesi Pazarı

Parseller Pazarı

Budan S k. Ufuk S k. Tan Sk.

Yeşilpınar Pazarı x2

İslambey Pazarı !

Akşemsettin Pazarı

Yeşilpınar Pazartesi Pazarı Karadeniz S k.

Karadolap Pazarı

Alibeyköy Pazarı Sevinç Cd.

Öğüt Sk.

Güzeltepe Pazarı Avcı Sk.

Topçular Pazarı

KAĞITHANE

Nişanca Pazarı

Esentepe Pazarı Yalçınkaya Sk.

Yeşilpınar Pazarı

Silahtar Pazarı Silahtarağa Cd. Karadeniz Cd.

EYÜP

Karadolap Pazarı

, Nikitas Gkavogiannis

Rami Pazarı !

Güzeltepe Pazarı Göktürk Pazarı

Esentepe Pazarı

Cumhuri yet Cd.

İslambey Pazarı

İslambey Cd.

Göktürk Pazarı Rami Pazarı Silahtarağa Pazarı x2

Göktürk Pazarı

Kemerbu rgaz Pazarı

Talimhane Cd.

Topçular Pazarı

Şeyhraşit Cd. Galip Öz ger Cd.

Nişanca Pazarı Mustafapaşa Cd. Kanatlı Sk.

Defterdar Pazarı Defterdar Pazarı

Muhtar Asım Nuryüz S k.

Kemerbu rgaz Pazarı Gülnur S k. Söğüt Sk.

Fatih Pazarı x4

Fındıkzade Pazarı x4

Şehremini Pazarı x2

Kocamustafapaşa Pazarı x3

Balat Pazarı

BEYOĞLU

Mah keme A ltı Cd. Çınçınlı Çeşme Sk.

Kadırga Pazarı Karagümrük Pazarı x2

Ağaçkakan Pazarı Karagümrük Pazarı Prof. Naci Şensoy Cd. Sofalı Çeşme Cd.

Un kapanı Pazarı

Cibali Cd. Karadeniz Cd.

Sultanahmet Pazarı

, Nikitas Gkavogiannis

Balat Pazarı

Un kapanı Pazarı

Fatih Pazarı

FATİH

Fatih Cd. Darüşşafa Cd. Eskişifahane Cd.

Şehremini Pazarı

Büyük Sa ray M eydanı Cd. Mevlanakapı Cd.

Fındıkzade Pazarı Özbek Sü leyman Cd. Cevdetpaşa Cd.

Kocamustafapaşa Pazarı Marma ra Cd. Cambazi ye Mek tebi Sk.

Ağaçkakan Pazarı Hacıevhattin Cd. Ağaçkakan Sk.

Kadırga Pazarı İsmail Sefa Sk. Alişan Sk.

Sultanahmet Pazarı Nakilbent Sk.

Kadıköy Pazarı Koşuyolu Pazarı

Erenköy Pazarı

Cenap Şahabettin S k.

Sahrayıcedit Pazarı Kozyatağı Pazarı x2

Acıbadem Pazarı

Şehit Jan. Er Emin Çölan Sk. Necipbey Sk.

Koşuyolu Pazarı Organik Pazar

Kadıköy Pazarı Uzunç ayır Cd.

, Nikitas Gkavogiannis

KADIKÖY Sahrayıcedit Pazarı Müminde resi Sk. Batman S k.

Organik Pazar Öz gürlük Parkıİçi

Erenköy Pazarı Çoba nyıldızı Sk. Kamiller Sk.

Kozyatağı Pazarı Cemil A kdoğan Sk. Sarıkaya Sk.

Çağlayan Dere Pazarı x2

Sanayi Pazarı x2

Gültepe Pazarı Nurtepe Pazarı x2

Çağlayan Pazarı

Sanayi Pazarı Havuzlar Pazarı Havuzlar Cd.

Yahya Kemal Pazarı

Sakarya Sk. Teknik Sk.

Şirintepe Pazarı Baharözü Sk. Açelya Sk.

Gürsel Pazarı

Çağlayan Dere Pazarı Fevzi Çakmak Cd.

Havuzlar Pazarı

Kağıthane Mer kez Pazarı

Ekmekçi Sk. Ulu Sk.

Kağıthane Mer kez Pazarı

Çağlayan Pazarı Nurtepe Pazarı

Çeliktepe Pazarı

Limon S k.

Şehit Mustafa Bu rcu Sk.

Hürriyet Pazarı Parlak Sk.

Aslangazi Pazarı Seyrantepe Pazarı Gazhane Pazarı !

Aslangazi Pazarı Yaşarlı Cd.

Şirintepe Pazarı Gazhane Pazarı Hürriyet Pazarı x2

Gazhane Cd. G,z] Aydin Sk.

Cesaret Sk.

Gültepe Pazarı

Eyüp Su ltan Cd.

Yahya Kemal Pazarı Çeliktepe Pazarı

Kubilay Cd. Fatih Sultan Mehmet Cd. , Nikitas Gkavogiannis

Hamidi ye Pazarı

Üsküdar Mer kez Pazarı x2

Bahçelievler Pazarı

Bağlarbaşı Pazarı x2

Pelin Sk. Çağdaş Sk.

BEŞİKTAŞ

Selimiye Pazarı

Havuzbaşı Pazarı Çengelköy Pazarı

Bahçelievler Pazarı

Kireç Ocağı Sk.

Albay Hüsamettin S k.

Yavuztürk Pazarı Güzeltepe Pazarı

Büyük Namaz gah Deresi Sk.

Bulgurlu Pazarı

Küplüce Pazarı Cennet Camii S k.

Küplüce Pazarı Kirazlıtepe Pazarı

Kirazlıtepe Pazarı

Yavuztürk Pazarı

Sağlık Sk. Kültür Sk.

Kuzguncuk Pazarı

Sütçü Yolu Sk.

, Nikitas Gkavogiannis

Bostan Sk.

Havuzbaşı Pazarı

ÜSKÜDAR

Barbaros Pazarı Ferah Pazarı

Ferah Pazarı

Bağlarbaşı Pazarı Arapgül Sk. Ekmekcibaşı Sk.

Ünalan Pazarı Kısıklı Pazarı

Ünalan Pazarı 1 . Ara Sk. 2. Ara Sk.

Kısıklı Pazarı

Dere Sk. Şehit Yüksel Batır Sk.

Osman Gazi Sk.

Üsküdar Mer kez Pazarı

Güzeltepe Pazarı

Gündoğumu Cd. Emin On gan Sk.

Barbaros Pazarı

Serçe Sk. Ferdi Üner S k.

Çengelköy Pazarı Kuzguncuk Pazarı Selimiye Pazarı x2

Cami Sk. Eczane S k.

Bulgurlu Pazarı Uzunde re Sk.

The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbul’s Open Markets

Catalogue of Relations //What it really takes to be a Pazarcı? //Constructing the Generative Structure //Pazarcı Crew and Choreography of the Stage //Pazar Policy: Who Thinks & Acts What?

All the actors and stakeholders shall think about the future of pazars in Istanbul!

According to the Umum Pazarcılar Esnaf Odası there are 330.000 registered pazarcı(s) in İstanbul. The chamber indicates that the number of the non-taxable pazarcı is certainly less than %40 of total number and decreasing sharply after 2005 with new triple legitimacy system. They aim and believe that it will decrease to less than %10 till 2017.

The Pazar Yerleri Yönetmeliği Taslağı is held in 2012 and has an act 5957: Sebze veare Meyveler ile There three main Yeterli Arz veactors Talepwith Derinliği Bulunan us in the Diğer Malların Ticaretinin Düzenlenbusiness of pazars as a mesi Hakkında Kanun system of (icticaret.govexchange: a) .tr). It is believed and observed b) that producer/supplier, fruit following this act, a process of and vegetable middle‘no/minimal pazars in the city’ man /wholesale market meaning many pazars removing to c) client. outside of the the covered structures cities started.

Legitimacy of the pazars is the first goal all pazarcı community by requesting triple registration documents each year to renew the activity license annually; so naturally the tax payers increase every year after 2005.

According to TÜİK’s information on householld surbeys the unregistered employment are % 44,8 of total work force in Turkey.

tiv.com.tr/ticaret-ve-sanayi/article/avrupa-trk-pazarlarna-zeniyor-ama-semt-paz arlar-yaama-savanda-009383

CHAMBER & PAZARCI(s)

FOOD SECURITY & MARKET TÜSPAF claims that with new legal regulations the competition between chain markets, producer farmers and pazarcı(s) is fair enough for each part to pursue their practice.

TÜSPAF asserts that pazars have around 1 milion employment but still have a big shadow part. This law affects 330.000 pazarcı and 3, 150 municipality.

TAX ADMINISTRATION OFFICE

In Istanbul, 335 out of 377 pazars -more than %85- are set out as open markets not under dedicated buildings. The tax payers ratio in Istanbulseems similar to the number for Turkey in general.

FARMERS

LOBBIESTS:

TÜSPAF, KESK, T.C. EU GENERAL SECRETARY MINISTRY OF CUSTOMS AND TRADE

ADVOCATORS:

CHAIN MARKETS

MARKETERS (ORGANIC FRESH FOOD)

According to the same law, in a farmers market only local productions could be sold and a single farmer could have max. 100 kg product to sell each pazar day in order to prevent unfair competition.

The demand of pazarcı(s) and many customers is explicit: “the giant pazars could be removed to covered bazars. However, none of them shall be privatized and removed into the far peripheries of the city on untapped areas. The neighborhood bazars shall be rehabilitated on their existing locations.” http://www.eurac-

The pazarcı(s) is not troubled with the local markets since they’re in different neighborhood every day. Residents certainly need markets for the other days. However, market chains have unfair competitions, apply damping buy selling cheaper than pazars on just pazar days, having more promotions on sidewalks, occuping more spaces on the ways to pazars. http://www.eurac-

tiv.com.tr/ticaret-ve-sanayi/article/avrupa-trk-pazarlarna-zeniyor-ama-semt-pazarlar-yaama-sa vanda-009383

CHAMBER & PAZARCI(s)

FRESH FOOD ADVOCATORS, SOCİAL SCIENCE EXPERT

After the new regulations pazarcı(s) have 5 important court cases about the removals. The decision of the 3 court was positive on removal of Avcılar Pazartesi Pazarı, Çekmeköy Sosyete Pazarı ve Beykoz’da Acar Siteleri. However, after the legal request of Esenler and Sultangazi pazars, pazarcılar prepared questionnaires with the support of local municipalities. Since the %75 of residents don’t support of the removal the court decided not to remove them away. http://www.euractiv.com.tr/ticaret-ve-sanayi/article/avrupa-trk-pazarlarna-zeniyor-ama-semt-pazarlar-yaama-savanda-009383

FURTHER RELATIONS: NEXT ACTS ON LEGITIMACY AND POLICY Catalogue of Relations THEPAZAR-The Urban andTectonic Structures Of Istanbul’s OpenMarkets RCH GRANT 2015 GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEA rc :Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher), Semra Horuz(Architectural Historian) SANALa references: Interview with Anadolu Yakası Pazarcılar Odası General Secretary, Essay Reseach andPazarcı Interviews Media:Illustrations

According to the Avrupa Birliği Uyum Yasaları (2007) The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs published a notice in 2012 focusing on rehabilitation of pazars in terms of hygiene and cleaning. With this notice, chamber members now organize lectures and educative programs to the pazarcılar.

The trust built on pazarcı for years secure the fresh food unlike the big chain supermarkets strategies that exclude customers’ food security and quality demand. The traditional, most efficient and sustainable system of exchange is pazars in Mediterrenian cultures. Pazar’s endurance, rhythmic, impromptu and ephemeral entity as generative structures is relevant today while we are searching the common way of timeless and open urban activators.

Every neighborhood has its idiosyncratic and strong relations around pazars!

There are three main actors with us in the business of pazars as a system of exchange: a) producer/supplier, b) builder crew, c) fruit and vegetable middleman /wholesale market d) client.

The pazar has a significant sub-culture with a measurable impact on the districts. The only days women dominantly occupy the cafes around Beyazit is Wednesday because of Fatih Pazarı, Sosyete Pazarı in Erenköy has its own legends, Dolapdere Bit Pazarı in Pangaltı has idiosyncratic features.

Vendors, woman with hands full of bags, services and minibuses, taxis strolling around create the typical atmosphere of pazars. It is a very idiosycratic and special urban theatre that fullfils urban, social and economic excahnge in a very efficient and affordable manner.

Tents, ropes, stalls and piers are the main components of our market places. Trees, buildings, balconies, balustrades, poles and other vertical urban components are also parts of our mega structures. As we always set up in the same place we insert holes or use the ones provided by the chamber, park our trucks to the proper parking lot closed by.

PAZARCI CREW With our crew and fellows, we co-build an expansive open market place for a single day in a designated pazar area. There is no pazar with a single stall; in the most humble of neighborhoods we are a minimum of aprox. 20 crews and in the grand markets it goes up more than 500 crews. Some of us sell/buy tahta on daily basis during the early hours of pazars (tahtacılar). Many of us own or have rental stalls and some have chairs. If there is a new pazarcı or someone who deosn’t have enough stalls we solve their problem.

2-6 pazarci

Before the sunset, Before Istanbul is awake we are always on roads ... Our shop doesn’t welcome us by unlocking the door In the frost of mornings we construct our shops everyday knot bu knot Everyday we built our place where we earn our living ... ***************************** Gün ışımadan, İstanbul uyanmadan düşeriz yollara... Bir anahtar açımından ibaret değildir dükkanımız, sabah ayazında, ilmek ilmek, düğüm düğüm, her gün yeni baştan yaratırız ekmek kapımızı... http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/yazi-pazarciyiz-biz-31

It takes only 10 minutes to take down the pazar structure when there is an emergency such as fire or health care issues. There are some reported cases that pazarcıs help re department very e ciently to crate a clear path for re engines and help the vulnerable.

On the vertical elements we use -generallt metal poles recently- we have special rope and knot techniques by which we transfer the force we apply to position the covering on top poles.

PAZARCI(S)

http://www.istanbulpazarcilarodasi.com/yazi-bir-pazar-hikayesi-28

TAHTACI STALL WOOD SELLER SUPPORTERS FROM CHAMBER+ MUNICIPALITY

In some regions –like Kadıköy, Kartal, SultanbeyliThe chamber produces mobile iron poles and base structure for stalls –not lower than 70 cm- for pazarcılar. Besides, if requested a team from municipality goes to the pazar area one day before the pazar and prepare some bases, iron poles and holes on the ground.

CONSTRUCTING THE GENERATIVE STRUCTURE Catalogue of Relations THEPAZAR-The Urban andTectonic Structures Of Istanbul’s OpenMarkets RCH GRANT 2015 GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEA rc :Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher),Semra Horuz(Architectural Historian) SANALa references: Interview with Anadolu Yakası Pazarcılar Odası General Secretary, Essay Reseach andPazarcı Interviews Media:Illustrations

Although it seems somewhat impromptu practice to build pazar, pazarci(s) have very methodological techniques, collaboration systems and specific equipment to give a shape of their daily work place.

We have cumulative knowledge and tradition as builders -in which they have even their own mechanisms, systems and toolkit. Namely, gırgır system, are the basic pulley mechanism they use to locate the poles at the same points every pazar day and provide enough vertical support.

Some of us are experts of gırgır system which is a mechanical principle for energy-efficient tensioning system to build canopies. We utulize gırgır to insert textile or plastic canopy covers on to the poles. It is a traditional and local system that we name as gırgır and have been generate our structure with all kinds of pole materials.

GIRGIRCITOOL EXPERTS

he existing urban elements are also part of the system to transfer the force used to steepen up the poles (wooden or metal), locate it to the desired spot and connect them to the tarps. Pazarci(s) use special knots for each rope and they apply it all ropes first in a main pole and then transfer the force through these knots and connected ropes on the way to tarps.

As a team of 2-5, we built our canopies between 30 - 60 minutes and take down it between 20-40 min. When there is an emergency we can take down it in 10 minutes. We generally help only our immediate neighbors so as a chain structure the canpoy system is built generatively.Some of us have more experince on gıgır system so they might sometimes also assist the whole system.

We always work in a 2-5 person as a crew for our particular stall and we set up our tables and canopy structure in the same place. We use the same poles, pole points, rope and connection kits every week. We work with immediate neigbors pazarcı(s) to cooperate, assist and co-creates the whole

Our crew use to share more resources like transit of goods from the wholesale market to the pazar area or tents. However, in time we become independent crews with our own vehicles and complete kit of construction components.

Pazarci(s) are co-stars of the urban theatre of Istanbul – scattering in different open-air saloons of the city during the whole week!

I am a TRADER who carries my marketplace (stall and structure) into different neighborhoods FOR A SINGLE DAY at least three days of every week.

I am an independent tradesman. I do not depend on a location, season, weather or neighborhood. I can set up my marketplace anywhere in the country with the permission from the municipalities.

We have a trade association (HERE) that represents our interests, informs us on changing laws, communicates our locations in neighborhoods and protects us as a living heritage craft.

I am a businessman with a triple authority registration system. a) registration of taxing, b) registration of the

I am an ARTISAN BUILDER with the know-how to construct and de-construct the pazar structure that creates the temporary (1-day) market place. The structure I create from my brought collection of poles, ropes and tarps provides a temporary shelter for my goods and comfort my customers from weather and sun.

PAZARCI

If a man sets up his stall every day at the same spot or has storage for goods that is enough for more than a single working day he isn’t a pazarci– “he is practically a shop-owner”.

Odasi), c) trade register entry.

I am first a trader, a builder and active locomotive of the formal neighborhood market economy. I can always respond to the needs of my customer’s. If their needs change so can my goods I select from the wholesale market.

We sell fresh food and domestic goods, ready to wear and some of our friends specialize in second hand goods some would even call antiques.

WHAT IT REALLY TAKES TO BE A PAZARCI? Catalogue of Relations THEPAZAR-The Urban andTectonic Structures Of Istanbul’s OpenMarkets RCH GRANT 2015 GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEA rc :Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher),Semra Horuz(Architectural Historian) SANALa references: Interview with Anadolu Yakası Pazarcılar Odası General Secretary, Essay Reseach andPazarcı Interviews Media:Illustrations

I am a ‘from hall to sell all’ trader. In the start at the wholesale market at 01:00-02:00 a.m. and transport my goods to the selected market places before the sunrise. Around 5-6:00 a.m. in the morning we set up the market place structure together (the canopy systems) and then place our stalls and goods. The market place starts at 8:00 a.m. and we take down the structure collaboratively around 07:-08:00 p.m. collecting our construction components, goods, and immediate garbage before leaving.

I pay the rentals to municipalities per number of stalls. I set up these stalls and canopy systems only in designated areas as parking zones, residual lands and open watersheds. I never use active public space like meydan, park or high-way.I only utulize -without any permenant impact- open spaces like streets, open car-parking, watersheds and residual lands for one day long.

I am a living part of an intangible heritage as my artisan craft of creating a 1-day market and trading fresh goods has not changed for more than a millennium. My man-made generative building practice has sustained technology, economoy and social change as it is agile, responsive and touches lightly on earth.

I use always the same space, the same kit and the same methodologly to build my workspace. I know the know-how through my collages and share it to my collaborative team.

Pazarci(s) are urban performers as a big, proactive and collaborative team!

Before anything else a pazarcı has to be COLLABORATIVE! We move as a crew in a greater team dependent to each other starting from the transportation district to district, setting up the canopy structure till removal of everything.

We individually build our canopy and cooperate with the adjacent stallholders to ensure the structure is expansive in order to provide shelter and safety. Since we and our customers active in all hours and seasons weather protection and comfort is inclusive to our job. In rain we provide shelter and efficient drainage, in sun we provide shade, in the daytime our tarps transmit the perfect natural light levels and in the winter we provide lighting after dusk.

We do not need flat land or a consistent ground surface. We can set up in open expansive spaces, streets. Almost all of us have metal poles –and if not our chamber produce 600-650 cm. standard poles and insert them to the ground just before we arrive the pazar.

Our crew work in teams with their strength each taking a lead role. One of us leads the building sequence with his team choreographed for the lift, tie-down and collegial coordination. Others take on the selling, mostra make-up and/or collecting immediate garbage.

Although the pazar structures may seem impromtu character they are built very strategically and methodologically at the same areas each week by using exactly the same techniques.

PAZARCI

CLEAN UP CREW

We care a great deal about our customers’ safety, comfort and social entertainment. We all work together to keep eyes on the market place, keep out any thieves and make everyone welcomed and valued. We know our regulars, their habits and always invite new customers from any community, age, socio-economic level.

MINIBUSESTAXIS

We have always more customers on pazar days -desipe of bad weather or holidays.

SECURITY CREW These are cold days so around 6:00 a.m. I come and sell warm milk while the pazar builders struggling with their canopy structures. After that difficult process they have the energy to work through a long day. In summer days, other cold beverage sellers drop buy and sell their products.

Every night pazarcı(s) come to the wholesale and select the goods (generally fruits or vegetables) according to season. The amount they buy depends on the pazars’ district and days.

MILK SELLER

MATES ON WHOLESALE MARKET

Part of the pazarci rental fee covers our expenses to bring in a specialized trash crew with a water pressure hose to clean the streets late at night. In rare cases inserting holes on proper points of the ground before pazar days and garbage baggage for removal

Generally the security system works with the support of -eyes on the street-. In only very big pazars as part of the security systems constabulary, chamber members and security chiefs work as supportive forces.

TRNASPORTATION CREW In some pazars chamber/municipalities provide services to close neighborhood, minibuses per hour going and coming back to pazars like Salı Pazarı in Kadıköy. In addition, more minibuses, dolmuş, taxis waiting around pazar areas are part of the transportation crew.

PAZARCI CREW AND CHOREOGRAPHY OF THE STAGE Catalogue of Relations

All the actors and stakeholders shall think about the future of pazars in Istanbul!

According to TÜİK’s information on householld surbeys the unregistered employment are % 44,8 of total work force in Turkey.

tiv.com.tr/ticaret-ve-sanayi/article/avrupa-trk-pazarlarna-zeniyor-ama-semt-paz arlar-yaama-savanda-009383

CHAMBER & PAZARCI(s)

FOOD SECURITY & MARKET TÜSPAF claims that with new legal regulations the competition between chain markets, producer farmers and pazarcı(s) is fair enough for each part to pursue their practice.

TÜSPAF asserts that pazars have around 1 milion employment but still have a big shadow part. This law affects 330.000 pazarcı and 3, 150 municipality.

TAX ADMINISTRATION OFFICE

In Istanbul, 335 out of 377 pazars -more than %85- are set out as open markets not under dedicated buildings. The tax payers ratio in Istanbulseems similar to the number for Turkey in general.

FARMERS

LOBBIESTS:

TÜSPAF, KESK, T.C. EU GENERAL SECRETARY MINISTRY OF CUSTOMS AND TRADE

ADVOCATORS:

CHAIN MARKETS

MARKETERS (ORGANIC FRESH FOOD)

According to the same law, in a farmers market only local productions could be sold and a single farmer could have max. 100 kg product to sell each pazar day in order to prevent unfair competition.

tiv.com.tr/ticaret-ve-sanayi/article/avrupa-trk-pazarlarna-zeniyor-ama-semt-pazarlar-yaama-sa vanda-009383

CHAMBER & PAZARCI(s)

FRESH FOOD ADVOCATORS, SOCİAL SCIENCE EXPERT

FURTHER RELATIONS: NEXT ACTS ON LEGITIMACY AND POLICY Catalogue of Relations THEPAZAR-The Urban andTectonic Structures Of Istanbul’s OpenMarkets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc:Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher), Semra Horuz(Architectural Historian) references: Interview with Anadolu Yakası Pazarcılar Odası General Secretary, Essay Reseach andPazarcı Interviews Media:Illustrations

The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets

Documentary Videos //The Construct //The Volume

Documentary Videos // The Construct

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p2tPd8r4jgg

THE PAZAR- The Urban and Tectonic Structures Of Istanbul’s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 SANALarc Alexis Sanal (Lead Researcher) Sinem Serap Duran (Videographer), Baykal Önal (Video Assistant), Aerial Footage (IIMR Resad Coban, Mehmet Emin Bayraktar), Audio (Apparat) Media: Video

// The Volume

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-I8gPnHuEk

The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Open Markets

Conclusion

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, this study reveals the pazar structures as an asset in the urban fabric of Istanbul. They are invaluable resources in terms of three main aspects. The intensification of existing open spaces of the city – not the active ones like squares, highways-, collaboratively generated structures via shared know-how and methodology and lastly the animation of the urban realm through impromptu, excellent and ephemeral canopies created value for the urban realm, economy and access to affordable and qualified goods. On the ground of the data documented in this study, various further research paths could be followed. The potential paths are to look at pazars as dynamic and decentralized network, search deep into consumer politic in regard to policy-making and stakeholder dynamics, and focus on food culture and international practices of fresh and organic food advocacy groups. Besides, further researches could unveil informal practices as pushers and peddlers and pazars from the perspective of distinctive economic groups such as business owners, lobbies, and residential consumers. The pazars are still very relevant and will be even more in the contemporary fabric of Istanbul with their minimalist delights and mechanism of transformation the existing open-space infrastructure into theatrical public-space. An exhibition and publication as a popular culture product are possible shot-term next steps. In the long-term we are keen to develop an exhibition that can travel to cities around the world, supported by a 3 part series publications. In the short-term create part 1 publication as a graphic novel reflecting the various relations between actors will reach a wide range of audience. Then, in the immediate year ahead complete two other publications on the tectonics and urban design and editorial of invited essays on thinkers that surround the discussion of open-markets in Istanbul and other cities. The dissemination aims to reach not only urban designer but also national press, administrative actors, advocacy groups and creative mind -all interested in re-thinking our cities sustainability. In this regard the exhibition will also be an efficient tool to reach all in a comprehensive manner. Hence, documentary video, techtonics presentation, illustration of the narrative as graphic novel and comissioned essays are four next steps.

This work is completed by the lead research of SANALarc, Alexis Sanal between 07.2014 and 05.15. Special thanks to first Graham Grant that makes the research possible and share the excitement of the researchers. Special thanks to: -Alexis Şanal (Urban Designer and Architect), Semra Horuz, (Architectural Historian), İrem Çoşkun (Intern - Student in Architecture Department, Yıldız Technical Uni.), SANALarc -Burak Saatcioğlu and Sedat Arda (Students in Architecture Department, Bilgi University) -Sinem Serap Duran (Architect, Film Director), Baykal Onal (Video Assistant), Reşad Coban, Mehmet Emin Bayraktar (Ariel Footage) -Selva Gürdoğan (Architect), Gregers Tang Thomsen (Architect), Derya İyikul (Architect), Nikitas Gkavogiannis (Architect), Beyza Gürdoğan (Architect), Sina Dressler (Intern), Şule Kurşuncu (Intern), Betül Nuhoğlu (Researcher), SUPERPOOL The PAZAR: The Urban and Tectonic Structures of Istanbul’s Open Markets GRAHAM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT 2015 Lead Researcher: Alexis Şanal, SANALarc