CHICAGO CITIZEN CENTRE POLICE STATION + COMMUNITY CENTRE
SRD 766 - ARCHITECTURE DESIGN MASTERCLASS ALEX LARCOMBE - 211310227
ARCHITECTURAL PRESENTATION FOLIO SRD766 ARCHITECTURE DESIGN MASTERCLASS 2017 ALEX LARCOMBE - 211310227
THE FOLLOWING FOLIO CONTAINS EXCERPTS OF PRESENTATION DRAWINGS FROM THE EXTENSIVE 190pg EXPLORATION FOLIO SUBMITTED AS PART OF THE MASTER DESIGN UNIT. THIS FOLIO AIMS TO SUMMARISE THE FINAL DESIGN RESPONSE.
THE BRIEF WHICH I CREATED FOR THE UNIT LOOKS TO RESPONSE TO COMMUNITY POLICING REFORM IN THE UNITED SATES OF AMERICA.
COMMUNITY POLICING COMMUNITY + POLICING COMMUNITY CENTRE + POLICE STATION
BRIEF:
CHICAGO CITIZEN CENTRE: THE CITIZEN CENTRE SEEKS TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE NATIONAL DIALOGUE IN THE UNITED STATES ON POLICE REFORM BY EXPLORING HOW ARCHITECTURE AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT CAN HELP INFLUENCE CHANGE IN POLICE – COMMUNITY RELATIONS. THE CITIZEN CENTRE PROPOSES REORIENTING THE POLICE STATION TOWARD THE COMMUNITY TO BECOME SITES OF SOCIAL CONNECTION WHERE POLICE OFFICERS AND NEIGHBOURHOOD RESIDENTS CAN FIND MANY OPPORTUNITIES TO INTERACT IN NON-ENFORCEMENT SITUATIONS. THE PROJECT LOOKS TO EXPLORE THE PHYSICAL AND PROGRAMMATIC STEPS THAT CAN BE TAKEN TO AMALGAMATE POLICE AND COMMUNITY FUNCTIONS TO CREATE A PIECE OF SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE TO SUPPORT A COMMUNITY. THE PROJECT AIMS TO REFLECT UPON FORMER PRESIDENT OBAMA’S REPORT INVESTIGATING 21ST CENTURY POLICING. THIS REPORT WAS HEAVILY FOCUSED ON WHAT COULD BE DONE TO IMPROVE PUBLIC RELATIONS THROUGH THE CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY POLICING. THE REPORT SUGGESTIONS WERE STRICTLY POLICY AND NOTHING PHYSICAL OR ARCHITECTURAL ABOUT THEM. DUE TO THIS THE PROJECT LOOKS TO FORM A RESPONSE TO THE CONCEPTS OF COMMUNITY POLICING IN AN EFFORT UNDERSTAND HOW ARCHITECTURE CAN CONTRIBUTE TO THE POLICING REFORM DIALOGUE.
(JOHN H. WHITE / CHICAGO SUNTIMES 1981)
BACKGROUND:
PUBLIC HOUSING REDEVELOPMENT: THE REDEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC HOUSING OF CHICAGO HAS BEEN OF DEBATE FOR MANY YEARS WITH MULTIPLE REDEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORKS USED. THE CURRENT REDEVELOPMENT PROGRAM, HOPE VI, ‘AIMS TO TRANSFORM THE PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL SHAPE OF PUBLIC HOUSING TO REDUCE THE ALLEGED NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF CONCENTRATED POVERTY’1 THROUGH THE DEMOLITION OF HIGH DENSITY RESIDENCES THAT WERE OF A DEPLORABLE NATURE. THIS STRATEGY WAS DESIGN TO MAKE-UP FOR PREVIOUS MISTAKES OF RACIAL SEGREGATION AND CONCENTRATION OF ECONOMIC POVERTY IN AREAS OF THE CITY. HOWEVER, IN DOING CREATED ANOTHER SET OF COMPLEX SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ISSUES FOR THE DISADVANTAGED. MANY OF THE FAMILIES THAT ARE REQUIRED TO MOVE DUE TO REDEVELOPMENT FIND THEMSELVES IN FOREIGN NEIGHBOURHOODS OF THE CITY. IT IS PUT FORWARD THAT ‘DETACHMENT FROM FAMILIAR SOCIAL NETWORKS NOT ONLY CUTS OFF DIRECT SOURCES OF SUPPORT, BUT ALSO DISTURBS THE PSYCHOLOGICAL COMFORT OF KNOWING THAT THE SUPPORT IS THERE.’2 THIS PUTS GREAT EMPHASIS ON THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT TO PROVIDE FACILITIES THAT PROMOTE POSITIVE SOCIAL INTERACTION WITH OTHERS LEADING TO A GREATER SENSE OF COMMUNITY. THESE ISSUES OF DISPLACEMENT AND LOST SENSE OF COMMUNITY WITHIN PUBLIC HOUSING OF CHICAGO ARE THE DRIVING REASON FOR THE PROPOSED INTEGRATION OF COMMUNITY SUPPORT WITHIN THE PROGRAMME.
(MAX HERMAN/CITY, 2000)
1. OAKLEY, D & BURCHFIELD, K 2009, ‘OUT OF THE PROJECTS, STILL IN THE HOOD: THE SPATIAL CONSTRAINTS ON PUBLIC-HOUSING RESIDENTS’ RELOCATION IN CHICAGO’, JOURNAL OF URBAN AFFAIRS, VOL. 31, NO. 5, P.590 2. THOMPSON, M 2006, ‘RELOCATING FROM THE DISTRESS OF CHICAGO PUBLIC HOUSING TO THE DIFFICULTIES OF THE PRIVATE MARKET: HOW THE MOVE THREATENS TO PUSH FAMILIES AWAY FROM OPPORTUNITY’, NORTHWESTERN JOURNAL OF LAW & SOCIAL POLICY, VOL. 1, NO. 1, P.284
BACKGROUND:
POLICE AND COMMUNITY DISCONNECT: IN RECENT TIMES A RIFT HAS DEVELOPED BETWEEN THE POLICE AND THE COMMUNITIES THEY SERVE. PUBLIC RELATIONS BETWEEN THE POLICE AND AMERICAN COMMUNITIES, ESPECIALLY MINORITIES, HAVE BEEN OF A TOPICAL NATURE FOR DECADES. THIS RELATIONSHIP WAS ONCE AGAIN BROUGHT TO THE FOREFRONT WITH MANY INCIDENTS ACROSS THE UNITED STATES WHICH GAINED HIGH LEVELS OF MEDIA ATTENTION DUE POLICE ACTIONS LEADING TO DEATH OF THOSE BEING APPREHENDED. THESE INCIDENTS CAUSED MASS PROTESTS THROUGHOUT AMERICA LEADING TO THE BLACK LIVE MATTER MOVEMENT. IN 2015, THE THEN PRESIDENT BARAK OBAMA ENLISTED A TASK-FORCE TO INVESTIGATE INTO WHAT COULD BE DONE TO REBUILD THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE COMMUNITY AND POLICE. FROM THIS THE ‘PRESIDENT’S TASK FORCE ON 21ST CENTURY POLICING’ WAS CREATED. THE REPORT FOCUSED ON HOW THE THEORIES OF COMMUNITY POLICING COULD BE IMPROVED AND IMPLEMENTED TO INCREASE SAFETY FOR THE MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC AND POLICE DEPARTMENT THROUGH AN IMPROVED RELATIONSHIP. THE REPORT WAS STRICTLY POLICY AND STRATEGY BASED . ITS SUGGESTIONS HAD NO PHYSICAL ELEMENT TO ADDRESS THE REFORM. THE CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY POLICING AND HOW THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT CAN ENGAGE WITH THESE ISSUES IS THE OF THE DRIVING FORCES BEHIND THIS BRIEF.
(MAX HERMAN/NURPHOTO, 2016)
THE SITE:
ALTGELD GARDENS, CHICAGO, ILLINIOS: ALTGELD GARDENS WAS ORIGINALLY CONSTRUCTED BETWEEN 1943 AND 1945 FOR AFRICAN-AMERICAN SERVICEMEN AND THEIR FAMILIES RETURNING FROM WORLD WAR II. A LARGER MAJORITY OF THE WORKERS WERE EMPLOYED IN A NUMBER OF INDUSTRIAL FACTORIES IN THE SURROUNDING AREA INCLUDING ARMAMENTS, STEEL MILLS, UTILITIES, AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES. THE DEVELOPMENT WAS ORIGINALLY ONE THE MOST SELFCONTAINED HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS WITHIN CHICAGO WITH FACILITIES SUCH AS A PUBLIC LIBRARY, SCHOOLS, AN AUDITORIUM, CLUBHOUSE AND SHOPPING CENTRE. CHICAGO CBD
WITH THE CLOSING OF MANY OF THESE FACTORIES OVER THE PAST DECADES THIS PUBLIC HOUSING ESTATE ON THE OUTERMOST EDGE OF THE DISTRICT OF CHICAGO HAS FOUND ITSELF FURTHER AWAY FROM OPPORTUNITY AND FALLING INTO DISREPAIR. FACILITIES WITHIN THE COMMUNITY HAVE BECOME OUTDATED AND THE CHICAGO HOUSING AUTHORITY (CHA) HAVE RECOGNISED THIS WITH THE COMMITMENT TO FUNDING FOR ITS REDEVELOPMENT.
30KM
DUE TO ITS LOCATION OF THE EDGE OF THE CHICAGO DISTRICT, THE DEVELOPMENT HAS ONE OF THE LARGEST DISTANCES BETWEEN THE PUBLIC HOUSING AND A POLICE STATION WITHIN THE CITY. THIS DISTANCE ONLY ADDS TO THE VOID OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN LAW ENFORCEMENT AND THE COMMUNITIES THEY ARE ENGAGED TO SERVE. FOR THESE REASONS THE BRIEF FOR THE PROPOSED CITIZENS CENTRE WILL TAKE PLACE WITHIN THE ALTGELD GARDEN PUBLIC HOUSING DEVELOPMENT.
ALTGELD GARDENS
WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/ZOL87 AERIAL CONTEXT IMAGE ALTGELD GARDENS
WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/ZOL87 TYPICAL HOUSING BLOCK ALTGELD GARDENS
WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/ZOL87 COMMUNITY MEMORIAL WALL ALTGELD GARDENS
WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/ZOL87 SITE EXISTING CONDITIONS ALTGELD GARDENS
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
OVERVIEW:
THE BRIEF PROPOSES A PIECE OF SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE THAT AMALGAMATES OF COMMUNITY SPACES AND POLICE STATION TO CREATE NEW BUILDING PROGRAMME. THIS COMBINED PROGRAMME PROPOSAL LOOKS TO ARCHITECTURALLY EXPRESS THE COMING TOGETHER OF COMMUNITY AND POLICE IN AN EFFORT TO CREATE A DIALOGUE TO ADDRESS ISSUES IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PUBLIC AND LAW ENFORCEMENT WHILE ALSO ADDRESSING THE LOST SENSE OF COMMUNITY IN PUBLIC HOUSING REDEVELOPMENTS IN CHICAGO.
COMMUNITY POLICING: THE CENTRE AIMS TO STRENGTHEN TRUST AMONGST THE COMMUNITY MEMBERS AND LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS THAT SERVE THEM. THE CENTRE AIMS TO INCREASE DIALOGUE BETWEEN COMMUNITY MEMBERS AND POLICE TO CREATE AN ENVIRONMENT WHERE A BETTER UNDERSTANDING CAN BE HAD BETWEEN EACH OTHER. THE CENTRE AIMS TO CREATE A FULL-SERVICE COMMUNITY SPACE WHICH PROMOTES SOCIAL COHESION BETWEEN COMMUNITY MEMBERS AS WELL AS THE POLICE THAT WILL BE SUPPORTING THE COMMUNITY.
WWW.MBMHMC.COM
COMMUNITY BUILDING:
ONE OF THE KEY ISSUES THAT IS FACED WITH CURRENT PUBLIC HOUSING REDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN CHICAGO, IS THAT RESIDENTS ARE NOT PROVIDED WITH THE INFRASTRUCTURE TO ALLOW INTEGRATION WITH EACH OTHER AND A SENSE OF COMMUNITY NOT DEVELOPED. THE THEORIES BEHIND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROMOTE THE INTERACTION BETWEEN MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY TO BUILD RELATIONSHIPS, AND HELP PEOPLE TO INTEGRATE INTO THE NEW ENVIRONMENT. THE CENTRE AIMS TO INCREASE SAFETY OF NEW VULNERABLE MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY CREATING A PIECE OF INFRASTRUCTURE THAT PROVIDE SOCIAL SUPPORT. THE CENTRE AIMS TO PROVIDE SPACES IN WHICH LOCAL SUPPORT GROUPS CAN PROVIDE SERVES COMMUNITY MEMBERS TO FACILITATE A LOCALISE SUPPORT NETWORK. THE CENTRE ALSO AIMS TO PROVIDE FACILITIES IN WHICH RESIDENTS CAN GATHER TO JOIN IN COMMUNITY BASED ACTIVITIES AND MEET OTHERS RESIDENTS.
(TIM BOYLE, 2005)
THE COMING TOGETHER OF PROGRAMMES:
COMMUNAL SPACE:
THE PROGRAMME IDENTITIES COME TOGETHER IN THE COMMUNAL SPACE, EACH INDIVIDUAL BUT SHARING COMMONALITIES IN THEIR MATERIALITY AND OR PROPORTIONING.
NO KITCHENETTE IS AFFORDED TO THE POLICE OR COMMUNITY ORGANISATION OFFICES SO THAT THEY WILL HAVE ENTER INTO THE COMMUNAL SPACE FOR LUNCH BREAKS AND THE LIKES.
THE KEY SPACE WITHIN THE PROGRAMME WHICH PROMOTES THE COMING TOGETHER OF THE USERS IS THE COMMUNITY KITCHEN AND LOUNGE.
THE COMMUNITY KITCHEN AND LOUNGE LOOKS TO ACT AS A MECHANISM TO INCREASE THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE POLICE AND ORGANISATION MEMBERS TO INTERACT WITH THE PUBLIC. THIS HOPES TO FOSTER PUBLIC RELATIONS BETWEEN POLICE AND COMMUNITY THROUGH INFORMAL ENCOUNTERS OF EVERYDAY ACTIVITIES SUCH AS EATING LUNCH OR LEISURE.
THE PROJECT CONCEPTUAL AIMS TO BRING THE POLICE AND COMMUNITY PROGRAMMES TOGETHER THROUGH AN INTERSTITIAL SPACE FOR COMMUNAL USE. THIS IS EXPRESSED IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE FLOOR PLAN AND THE COMMONALITIES IN PROGRAMME IDENTITIES.
THE COMMUNITY KITCHEN AND LOUNGE ARE CONCEPTUALIZED AS THE HEART OF THE PROJECT. IT IS POSITIONED BETWEEN THE OFFICES SPACES OF THE TWO PROGRAMMES. BOTH HAVE WINDOWS LOOKING OUT INTO THE AREA REDUCING THE DIVIDE BETWEEN RESIDENCE AND PROCESSES THAT HELP SHAPE THE COMMUNITY.
CONTEXT PLAN SCALE - 1:4000
SITE PLAN SCALE - 1:750
PROGRAMME:
COMMUNITY NEEDS: THE CONCEPT AIMS TO ACTIVATE THE PROGRAMME THROUGH PROVIDING COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES TO ATTRACT PEOPLE TO THE PROJECT. THESE SPACES EXTERNALLY INCLUDE THE BASKETBALL COURTS, KIDS BIKE COURSE AND PARK SPACE. INTERNALLY SPACE IS PROVIDED FOR COMMUNITY PROGRAMME THAT CURRENTLY RUN IN ALTGELD GARDENS SUCH ADULT EDUCATION, CHILDREN’S AFTER SCHOOL PROGRAMS, TUTORING AND HOLIDAY PROGRAMS. NEW ADDITIONS TO THESE COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES INCLUDE COMMUNITY HALL, ARTS SPACE AND THE COMMUNITY KITCHEN, FOR GENERAL USE AND HEALTH EDUCATION. POLICE NEEDS: THE BRIEF RECOGNISES THAT SIMPLY CREATING MORE POLICE STATION WILL NOT SOLVE COMPLEX SOCIAL ISSUES OR MEND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PUBLIC AND POLICE. DUE TO THIS THE POLICE STATION ELEMENT OF THE CENTRE FOCUSES ITS REQUIREMENTS TO SUIT THE NEEDS OF THE COMMUNITY THROUGH A SUPPORTING NATURE RATHER THAN SIMPLY FOCUSING ON THE PROGRAMME REQUIREMENTS TO ENFORCE THE LAW. THE SPACES CONSIDER HOW GREATER INTERACTION BETWEEN LAW ENFORCEMENT AND RESIDENTS OF THE AREA CAN BE ACHIEVED, BY COMPARTMENTALISING THE POLICE STATION INTO A ADMINISTRATION/CONSULTATION & PROCESSING.
THE PROGRAMME: POLICE
1. FRONT COUNTER 2. ADMINISTRATION OFFICE 3. PUBLIC CONSULTATION 4. GUN STORE 5. ADMIN STORE 6. SERGEANT OFFICE 7. MEETING ROOM 8. PROPERTY STORE 9. QUESTIONING ROOM 10.HOLDING & CHARGE AREA
COMMUNITY ACTIVITY 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.
COMMUNITY ORGANISATION OFFICE MEETING ROOMS COMPUTER ROOM COMMUNITY KITCHEN COMMUNITY LOUNGE ARTS ROOM COMMUNITY HALL BASKETBALL COURTS BIKE COURSE
EDUCATION SPACE 20. CLASS ROOM 21. STUDY SPACE
MEMORIAL SPACE 22. MEMORIAL WALL
19
18
17 18
16
14
1
20
22
20 2
3 4
20 15
5
6
11
7
12
8 9
PROGRAMME PLAN SCALE - 1:750
20
21
10
13
B C
A
A
B
C
FLOOR PLAN SCALE - 1:500
EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC SCALE - 1:500
PERSPECTIVE NORTHERN FACADE
PERSPECTIVE NORTHERN FACADE
PERSPECTIVE NORTHERN FACADE
PERSPECTIVE MEMORIAL WALL GARDEN
THE BRICK FROM THE GRAFFITI MEMORIAL WALL WILL BE REUSED IN THE REAR COURTYARD GARDEN SPACE
PERSPECTIVE POLICE CORRIDOR & COMMUNITY THRESHOLD
PERSPECTIVE COMMUNITY LOUNGE
PERSPECTIVE MEETING ROOMS AND STUDY AREA
PERSPECTIVE ENTRY LOBBY
EAST ELEVATION SCALE - 1:500
WEST ELEVATION SCALE - 1:500
SOUTH ELEVATION SCALE - 1:500
NORTH ELEVATION SCALE - 1:500
SECTION A-A LOBBY - POLICE STATION SCALE - 1:500
SECTION B-B CENTRAL COMMUNAL AXIS SCALE - 1:500
SECTION C-C PROGRAMME RELATIONSHIP SCALE - 1:500
EAST ELEVATION SCALE - 1:200
NORTH ELEVATION SCALE - 1:200
WEST ELEVATION SCALE - 1:200
SOUTH ELEVATION SCALE - 1:200
SECTION B-B SCALE - 1:200
SECTION C-C SCALE - 1:200
THE COMMUNITY LOUNGE BETWEEN THE OFFICES OF BOTH PROGRAMS CREATING A COMMUNAL MEETING PLACE FOR ALL USERS TO INTERACT.
THE COMMUNITY KITCHEN ACTS AS A MECHANISM TO INCREASE THE OPPORTUNITY POLICE AND COMMUNITY ORGANISATION WORKS TO INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER AND THE PUBLIC.
SECTION A-A SCALE - 1:200
D1-D1
HLD1
POLICE STATION SECTIONAL DETAIL D1-D1 SCALE - 1:50
HLD1
HLD2
HANGING LIGHTING DETAIL SCALE - 1:20
D2
D2
DETAIL SECTION KEY
HLD2
MEETING ROOMS - COMMUNITY ORGANISATION OFFICE DETAIL D2-D2 SCALE - 1:50
CHICAGO CITIZEN CENTRE SRD766 ARCHITECTURE DESIGN MASTERCLASS 2017 ALEX LARCOMBE - 211310227