De Stijl Movement
Beginnings a. name of a group of artists and architects who gathered around the largely theoretical architect Theo van Doesburg. 1. founded the group in Leyden in 1917 2. sought a “Utopian philosophical” approach to aesthetics 3. De Stijl (publication) a. Ran from 1917-1928 b. Published by Theo van Doesburg c. Other important contributors included Piet Mondrian and Gerrit Rietveld (who was the architect behind the iconic “Schroder house” d. Considered pivotal to the movement and times e.
You can download them at ubu.com/historical/de-stijl/index.html
Beginnings b. Used rectangles and squares in flat planes of bold primary colors and black, gray and white. 1. Expressing the artists' search "for the universal, as the individual was losing its significance," this austere language was meant to reveal the laws governing the harmony of the world. c. The movement encompassed a variety of arts including architecture painting, sculpture, industrial design, typography, literature, and music.
Movement Characteristics a. lasted from 1917-1931 b. Like other avant-garde movements of the time, it emerged largely in response to the horrors of World War I and the wish to remake society in its aftermath. c. Adopted visual elements of Cubism and Suprematism, the antisentimentalism of Dada, and the mathematical theory of M. H. J Schoenmaekers, created the concept of "ideal" geometric forms d. The art and vision were formulated in large response to the devastation of World War I 1. movement's members seeking a means of expressing a sense of order and harmony in the new society that was to emerge in the wake of the war.
"De Stijl artists applied their style to a host of media in the fine and applied arts and beyond. Promoting their innovative ideas in their journal of the same name, the members envisioned nothing less than the ideal fusion of form and function, thereby making De Stijl in effect the ultimate style. To this end, De Stijl artists turned their attention not only to fine art media such as painting and sculpture, but virtually all other art forms as well, including industrial design, typography, even literature and music." -http://www.theartstory.org/
Key Figures -painter, writer, poet, architect -publisher of De Stijl magazine -long time friend of Pier Mondrian Theo van Doesburg 1883-1931
Key Figures -dutch painter -work consists of now iconic grids, black lines, uses primary colors -vertical and horizontal lines represent opposing forces, the static and dynamic, feminine and masculine 1872-1944 Piet Mondrian
Key Figures Jacobus Oud (JJP Oud) 1890-1963 -dutch architect -ultimately abandoned movement
Key Figures -Dutch architect and furniture designer -most famous for Schroder's house, "red and blue" chair -use of primary colors, straight lines -architecture multifunctional, minimum amount of materials -went on to influence International Style of architecture (clean lines, planes)
Gerrit Rietveld 1888-1965
Key Figures
Mechano-Dancer, 1922
Vilmos Huszar 1884-1960 - Hungarian-Dutch painter and designer -disciple of Cubism and Futurism, bridged the gap between movements
Key Figures Georges Vantongerloo 1886-1965 -Belgian Sculptor
Construction of Volume Relations, 1921
Ilya Bolotowsky Key Figures 1907-1981 -Russian-born American artist Ilya -mentee of Mondrian -contemporary to Rothko, "The 10"
Ilya Bolotowsky
Ilya Bolotowsky (1907–1981), Large Architectural, 1951. Oil on canvas
"Series One", screenprint?
Paintings
Theo van Doesburg
Piet Mondrian
Theo van Doesburg's 'Simultaneous Counter-Composition' (1929-30)
Rhythm of a Russian Dance Theo van Doesburg (Dutch, 1883– 1931)
Composition in Oval with color planes 1 Piet Mondrain (1872-1944)
Lithography Vilmos Huszar (1884–1960)
Typography
1. "Archetype Van Doesburg" typeface 2. Modern Revival
Architecture
Side Table Red Blue Chair Gerrit Rietveld (Dutch, 1888–1964)
Gerrit Rietveld (Dutch, 1888–1964)
Architecture
Rietveld Schroeder House,1924 (write this one down!) Video, if time permits!
Weissenhoff Estate- design by JJP Oud
Coffeehouse and restaurant "Die Unie" facade. Watercolour on paper (1925), JJP Oud
Sculpture
Julian Opie (1958)
George Vantongerloo
Influence on other movements A. International Style a. One of its most lasting influences was its contribution to modern architecture with linear planes and clean lines that emerged in the 1920s and 1930s.
â—? Bauhaus (1919-1933) a. Had a major influence on architecture and design. b. Encouraged Bauhaus designers to move away from their early Expressionist aesthetic, to pure geometrical simplicity. c. Doesburg taught at the Bauhaus. Lectured from 1921-1922.
Today
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The De Stijl art movement introduced a simple and unique style that has revolutionized art and design ever since.
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The movement's pure geometric abstraction and the relationship of form and function were maintained representing a fundamental contribution to modern and contemporary art, design, and architecture.
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The White Stripes released an album called De Stijl, which evokes the style on the cover. The White Stripes have a strong sense of visual design. Like De Stijl, they use a restricted range of colours – in their case red, white and black.
â—? Fashion Design a. One of the most prominent art movements which can be seen in clothing, shoes and accessories. b. In the 1960's, Yves Saint Laurent made the iconic Mondrian dress.
If time permits! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kf8WdLNuTj0&feature=related
Bibliography "De Stijl." De Stijl. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Oct. 2012. <http://char.txa.cornell.edu/art/decart/destijl/decstijl.htm>. "Guggenheim." Collection Online. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2012. <http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/collections/collection-online/show-full/piece/?search=G eorges Vantongerloo>. Henkels, H. "De Stijl." MoMA. Oxford University Press, n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2012. <http://www.moma.org/collection/theme.php?theme_id=10199>.
"Ilya Bolotowsky, 1938 May 24." Ilya Bolotowsky, from the Federal Art Project, Photographic Division Collection. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2012. <http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/viewer/ilya-bolotowsky-3142>. "Large Architectural." NYU.EDU N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2012. <http://www.nyu.edu/greyart/exhibits/nycool/28boloto.html>. "MODERNISM." MODERNISM. Inertactive Media Group, n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2012. <http://www.artsmia.org/modernism/nintro.html>. "The Art Story.org - Your Guide to Modern Art." De Stijl Movement, Artists and Major Works. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2012. <http://www.theartstory.org/movement-de-stijl.htm>. "THE COLLECTION." MoMA.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2012. <http://www.moma.org/collection/artist.php?artist_id=6091>. "Theo Van Doesberg : Design Is History." Theo Van Doesberg : Design Is History. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2012. <http://www.designishistory.com/1920/theo-van-doesberg/>.