Science Carnival Book 1 by Alston Education

SCIENCE The Science Carnival series is developed for pupils who go to CBSE-affiliated schools to help them achieve the learning outcomes of the latest national curriculum.

BOOK 1

Adopting the inquiry-based learning approach, Science Carnival uses engaging visuals and presentation formats with well-crafted activities to arouse pupils’ curiosity about the world around them. Starting with exploratory questions, Science Carnival spurs them to investigate the problem or idea which involves asking questions, collecting and analysing information, generating solutions, making decisions, justifying conclusions and taking action. This motivates pupils to understand key scientific concepts and encourage a spirit of inquiry.

Sam Kee

Each chapter comprises several exercises that focus on scientific process skills (such as observing, comparing, classifying, inferring, measuring, communicating and predicting), reasoning skills and critical thinking skills to help pupils develop scientific knowledge and critical thinking abilities. They come in the form of Multiple-Choice Questions, Higher-Order Thinking Skills and Value-Based questions, provided at the end of each lesson. The formative and summative assessments allow for continual evaluation of pupils’ understanding of concepts. These outcome-based exercises aim to test their understanding and application of scientific concepts and related skills to solve real life problems. The Science Carnival Book 1 comprises the following components: ✔ Student Book 1 ✔ Teacher’s Guide Book 1 – Contains lesson plans and wrap-around teacher’s notes, with additional information and tips on conducting and delivering effective Science lessons. ✔ Additional formative and summative assessments are available online for teachers only. ` 270

Empowering Minds • Improving Lives

Sam Kee

Credits

Published by Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd 745 Toa Payoh Lorong 5, #03-07, Singapore 319455 enquiry@alstonpublishinghouse.com www.alstonpublishinghouse.com © 2017 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Distributed in India by Parle Book Centre Shop No. 6, Anant Co-Operative Society Ltd. D. J. Road, Vile Parle West Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056 India Tel: 022 2618 4082 Email: info@pbcdistributors.com First published 2017 ISBN 978-981-4573-41-2 Publisher: Sim Wee Chee

Chapter 1: pp.12-19: Manit Larpluechai/Dreamstime.com (A pine tree garden); Liubomirt/Dreamstime.com (Green Leaves growing from stem); Davthy/Dreamstime.com (Baobab Tree); Maffboy/Dreamstime.com (Green Stem); Yulia Antonova/Dreamstime.com (A retro car toy); Aliaksandr Mazurkevich/Dreamstime.com (Tomato plant growing in a flower pot); Davis2247/Dreamstime.com (Roof Top Graden); Jakkrit Orrasri/Shutterstock. com (Neem Plant, (Azadirachtaindica), tropical tree in the northeast of Thailand isolated on white background); Wasant/Shutterstock.com (Mango tree ,tropical tree in the northeast of Thailand,Isolated on white background); DK Arts/Shutterstock.com (Citrus lemon tree isolated); nbriam/Shutterstock.com (Royal Poinciana tree with red flower isolated on white); ilian i/Shutterstock.com (basil herbs); stockcreations/Shutterstock.com (Fresh mint growing in a flowerpot to ensure the freshest ingredients in the kitchen for cooking and garnish); Nata-Lia/ Shutterstock.com (Red Rose in the flower pot); Ivonne Wierink/Shutterstock.com (Orange Hibiscus flower plant in gray pot isolated over white background); Ververidis Vasilis/Shutterstock.com (melon field with heaps of ripe watermelons in summer); Glasscage/Shutterstock.com (Young green plant with strong roots visible); Vasin Lee/ Shutterstock.com (A beautiful pink waterlily or lotus flower in pond); a454/Shutterstock.com (Lotus in the pond. Many lotus flowers in the pond is in full bloom); PhotographyByMK/Shutterstock.com (sunflower with blue sky and beautiful sun / sunflower); Borjaika/Shutterstock.com (a row of fruits, cut in half on a wooden background with apple, avocado, orange and kiwi); fotohunter/Shutterstock.com (Green leaf with water droplets,Closeup); Dionisvera/Shutterstock.com (Fresh leaf of basil); Maks Narodenko/Shutterstock.com (fresh mint leaves isolated on white background. Studio macro); asharkyu/Shutterstock.com (palm tree leaves); Alex Staroseltsev/ Shutterstock.com (Red apple on white background); ukmooney/Shutterstok.com (3d Pine tree isolated over white); Johannes Kornelius/Shutterstock.com (Coconut tree isolated on white background); rusm/istockphoto. com (Bee in flowers) Chapter 2: pp.21–26: egal/istockphoto.com(Papaya); Creativeye99/istockphoto.com (Romaine Lettuce Leaf); clubfoto/istockphoto.com (Sliced red onion); ac_bnphotos/istockphoto.com (Papaya chunks); : LOVE_LIFE/ istockphoto.com (Cucumber); RedHelga/istockphoto.com (Spinach); filmlandscape/istockphoto.com (Boat merchant); Diavata/Dreamstime.com (Orange); Plasticrobot/Dreamstime.com (Banana with Path); Anna Sedneva/Dreamstime.com (Glass of milk); Jordykwok/Dreamstime.com (Chinese-style steam fish); victoriaKh/Shutterstock.com (Sweet watermelon slices on white background); MidoSemsem/Shutterstock. com (Mango Halves); Elena Schweitzer/Shutterstock.com (Group of lentils isolated on white background); jeehyun/Shutterstock.com (Kidney beans on white background); sibadan/Shutterstock.com (Pile of green leaves on white background); Scorpp/shutterstock.com (close up green tea leaves); ifong/Shutterstock. com (wheat ears on wheat kernels as background); Evan Lorne/Shutterstock.com (White uncooked rice in small burlap sack); Paulo Vilela/Shutterstock.com (Corn maize and popcorns combined on a table. Brazilian Festajunina party); iryna1/Shutterstock.com (Coffee on grunge wooden background); Hywit Dimyadi/ Shutterstock.com (Close up of sugarcane plantation); Africa Studio/Shutterstock.com (Cup of coffee on wooden table, close up); Nitr/Shutterstock.com (Cups of tea with mint on wooden table); bitt24/Shutterstock. com (Sugar on wooden table, Selective focus); Hayati Kayhan/Shutterstock.com (Carnivorous plant. Flytrap Dionaea muscipula); Jun Wat/Shutterstock.com (Spinach field); Ensuper/Shutterstock.com (Stack of old paper files); Ekaterina Kondratova/Shutterstock.com (bunch of fresh organic basil in olive cutting board on rustic wooden background); Denis and Yulia Pogostins/Shutterstock.com (potato plant with tubers digging up from the ground); Amero/Shutterstock.com (Red sliced onion isolated on white background); Tim UR/Shutterstock.com (Tomatoes, whole and a half isolated on white); MaksNarodenko/Shutterstock.com (mango fruit isolated on white background); topseller/Shutterstock.com(pumpkin over white background); EM Arts/Shutterstock.com (Two black eggplants isolated on white); Tim UR/Shutterstock.com (Green grape with leaf isolated on white background);Maks Narodenko/Shutterstock.com (An ear of corn isolated on a white background); Aprilphoto/Shutterstock.com (Fresh green peas isolated on a white background); Hellen Sergeyeva/Shutterstock.com (Crane and building construction site against blue sky); phloen/Shutterstock. com (Chinese herbal medicine and flower tea on wooden) Chapter 3: pp.28-37: Dozornaya/istockphoto.com (beautiful black horse playing on the field); Jan Pokorný/ Dreamstime.com (Red Kangaroo Jumping); Keith Barlow/Dreamstime.com (Cheetah running); Gert Vrey/Dreamstime.com (Crocodile); Andrew Periam/Dreamstime.com (Cobra snake); Kts/Dreamstime. com (Hummingbird); Luis Fernando Chavier/Dreamstme.com (Clownfish); Piers Diment/Dreamstime. com (Swimming turtle); Eugenia Garcia-valdecasas/Dreamstime.com ( Butterfly putting eggs); Rebecca Hermanson/Dreamstime.com (Mare and newborn foal); Irina Iglina/Dreamstime.com (Brown bear); Dule964/ Dreamstime.com (European tree frog on leaf isolated on white); Peter Berko/Dreamstime.com (Mallard Duck); Karelgallas/Dreamstime.com (Roller bird on white background); Supertrooper/Dreamstime.com (Diary cow isolated), somyot pattana/Shutterstock.com (soldier termite macro shot and isolated on white); Kletr/Shutterstock.com (Big red ant isolated on white background); alslutsky/Shuterstock.com (Dragonfly Anax imperator (male) Blue Emperor on a white background); Butterfly Hunter/Shutterstock.com (Beautiful monarch butterfly isolated on white background); Olgysha/Shutterstock.com (Colorful parrot isolated in white background); Coffeemill/Shutterstock.com (the big black ostrich is isolated on a white background); underworld/Shutterstock.com (Guppy Multi Colored Fish in a Tropical Acquarium); Marc Turcan/Shutterstock. com (French polynesia islands sting ray); Brilliance stock/Shutterstock.com (Fresh raw fish isolated on white background with clipping path); Dave Montreuil/Shutterstock.com (A female Golden SIlk Orb Weaving Spider waiting on her web); Audrey Snider-Bell/Shutterstock.com (Australian crocodile); micheldenijs/istockphoto. com (Polar Bear); Skafrica/istockphoto.com (Camel in Sahara); edenexposed/istockphoto.com (Runner in field);gualtiero boffi/Shutterstock.com (huge rhino isolated on white); JIANG HONGYAN/Shutterstock.com (Baby of orange rabbit on white background); Valentyna Chukhlyebova/Shutterstock.com (3D digital render of a jumping cheetah isolated on white background);Patryk Kosmider/Shutterstock.com (Elephant isolated on white); Oleg Lopatkin/Shutterstock.com (Camel attraction for tourists in Israel); Alexander Kazantsev/ Shutterstock.com (Giraffe isolated on white background. Clipping path included); seeyou/Shutterstock. com (Cockroach); Butterfly Hunter/Shutterstock.com (A beautiful Kingfisher bird, male Common Kingfisher (Alcedoathis), perching on a branch, white background) Chapter 4: pp.40-46: Convit/Dreamstime.com (Orange caterpillar); Isselee/Dreamstime.com (Young Blue Tit, Cyanistescaeruieus, eating worm); Maksym Gorpenyuk/Dreamstime.com (Blue Tit bird eating seeds); Nico Smit/ Dreamstime.com (Running giraffe); Vladimirdavydov/Dreamstime.com (Housefly); Romantiche/Dreamstime. com (Spider on web); Felix Dobritoiu/Dreamstime.com (First leaves); Hudakore/Dreamstime.com (Rainbow Trout); Vinicius Tupinamba/Dreamstime.com (EarthWorm); Beat Glauser/Shutterstock.com (Tiger lunch at Zurich zoo); PCHT/Shutterstock.com (Beehive hangs on a tree); acceptphoto/Shutterstock.com (Nice thoroughbred foals in the stable. Purebred horses in the barn door); Ng Yin Jian/Shutterstock.com (Bunny Sleeping At Home); Angela Waye/Shutterstock.com (A group of animals are grouped together on a white background. Animals range from an elephant, zebra, bear and rhino. Use it for a zoo or friends concept); sdominick/istockphoto.com (Happy Conversation).

Chapter 5: pp.47-56: Podius/Dreamstime.com (Blowing up A Balloon); robert_s/Shutterstock.com (Fresh spring green grass with green bokeh and sunlight and wood floor. Beauty natural background) Tracy Whiteside/Shutterstock.com (cute little girl ballerina in lavender costume smiling); Dragon Images/ Shutterstock.com (Young mother looking how her daughter drawing a picture); Blend Images/Shutterstock. com (Indian boy playing drums); Alexandra Lande/Shutterstock.com (Persons In Love Cut Out in Molding Dough isolated on white); Comaniciu Dan/Shutterstock.com (Group of laboratory flasks empty or filled with a clear liquid on blue tint scientific graphics background and their reflection on a table); shawn_hempel/ istockphoto.com (Artificially grown ear) Chapter 6: pp.58–65: Cathy Keifer/Dreamstime.com (Waving Chameleon); Riky66/Dreamstime.com (Orange Eyed Owl at Night); Todd Lipsky/Dreamstime.com (Southern Bald Eagle); Hwongcc/Dreamstime.com (Bluebottle Fly); Gina Smith/Dreamstime.com (Man deep sea fishing); Valeriy Kirsanov/Dreamstime.com (Bat 6); Timbooth2770/Dreamstime.com (Baby elephant feeding); Jurie Maree/Dreamstime.com (Kodiak Bear with Fly on Nose); Paulhenk/Dreamstime.com (Giraffe eating leafs); Tony Campbell/Dreamstime.com (Kitten playing with yarn); Henkbentlage/Dreamstime.com (Two baby prairie dogs looking out of their burrow); Plasticrobot/ Dreamstime.com (Banana with Path); Christophe Jossic/Dreamstime.com (Squares of dark chocolate); Serhii Novikov/Dreamstime.com (Potato Chip); Margo555/Dreamstime.com (Raisin); © Ion Prodan/Dreamstime. com (Lemon); Kitchner Bain/Dreamstime.com (Ketchup); Alexstar/Dreamstime.com (Toast); Andrew Cribb/ istockphoto.com (Young Rabbit in Countryside Garden); Charles Schug/istockphoto.com (Frog Rana Batrachian Amphibian); Oktay Ortakcioglu/istockphoto.com (Frog Catching Cricket with Tongue); dehooks/istockphoto.com (Sliced Pickles Isolated); PaulaConnelly/istockphoto.com (Jam Filled Biscuits) Chapter 7: p.74: imagedb.com/Shutterstock.com (Man running on a treadmill) Chapter 8: p.106: omphoto/Shutterstock.com (First aid kit isolated on white background); gpointstudio/ Shutterstock.com (Rapid downhill on the road); India Picture/Shutterstock.com (Cricketers fielding);feelplus/ Shutterstock.com (Isolated traffic light vector); Mitch Gunn/Shutterstock.com (LONDON, ENGLAND - August 25: Michael Clarke plays a shot as Matt Prior looks on during the Investec Ashes cricket match between England and Australia played at The Kia Oval Cricket) Chapter 9: pp.82-86: abaghda/Shutterstock.com (Hang glider); VanderWolf Images/Shutterstock.com (Dutch windmill isolated); Naruden Boonareesirichai/Shutterstock.com (The sailboat, The enjoy activity in summer); Cico/Shutterstock.com (Anemometer, wind speed and direction measuring device isolated on white background); albund/Shutterstock.com (A front view of a regular toy pinwheel windmill with five differently colored vanes on a stick on an isolated background);ssuaphotos/Shutterstock.com (green meadow with Wind turbines generating electricity); cla78/Shutterstock.com (Some wind turbines silhouette in the sunset sky) Chapter 10: pp.88-89: Somchai Som/Shuterstock.com (Blue Planet Earth from space showing North & South America, USA. Global World isolated on white background, Photo realistic 3D rendering with clipping path Elements of this image furnished by NASA); Alexander Ishchenko/Shutterstock.com (Mountain landscape in green wally with crystal river, in Caucasian mountains); James A. Harris/Shutterstock.com (A cast iron pan of boiling water on a modern gas range cooker); Arseniy Krasnevsky/Shutterstock.com (Winding river in Skradinskibuk, Croatia) Chapter 11: pp.96–100: Yongyut Kumsri/Shutterstock.com (Top of Mt. Everest from Tibet side); Solaie/ Shutterstock.com (Rainbow); Ivlianna/Shutterstock.com (Canape with fruits on the birthday party table - grapes, strawberries, pears, kiwi); specnaz/Shutterstock.com (Plasticine rainbow isolated on white background); PureSolution/Shutterstock.com (Weather widget template and sky background); Lucky Business/Shutterstock.com (Workplace with tablet pc showing weather forecast and a cup of coffee on a wooden work table); Chapter 12: pp.102–106: David Carillet/Shutterstock.com (Moon lunar cycle in night sky, time-lapse concept); Viktar Malyshchyts/Shutterstock.com (crescent moon); Haslam Photography/Shutterstock.com (Halfmoon cropped square); gunarex/Shutterstock.com (Half moon in the middle of its way); ClawsAndPaws/ Shutterstock.com (Close up of a full moon in January 2011 against a black background); Nicemonkey/ Shutterstock.com (Nights sky with moon and stars ideal desktop or background); Tatyana Vyc/Shutterstock. com (constellation great Bear against the starry sky); ArchMan/Shutterstock.com (The astronaut on in an outer space against stars) Chapter 13: p.115: Tikta Alik/Shutterstock.com (renewable energy streetlight on blue sky); Gyuszko-Photo/ Shutterstock.com (Solar Panels Against The Deep Blue Sky); Mukesh Kumar/Shutterstock.com (Solar LED Lamp) Chapter 14: pp.117-126: Jorge Farres Sanchez/ Dreamstime.com (Spoon and fork); Veniamin Kraskov/ Dreamstime.com (Shirt striped); Elena Elisseeva/Dreamstime.com (Wood chips); Dicutservice/Dreamstime. com (Paper pulp); Moreno Soppelsa/Dreamstime.com (Paper and pulp mill); Chernetskaya/Dreamstime. com (Blue striped socks); Woodhouse84/Dreamstime.com (Toy Tractor); Windujedi/Dreamstime.com (Flip flops); Murali Nath/Dreamstime.com (Plastic Water Bottle); Chris Brignell/Dreamstime.com (Painted glass vase); Hans Slegers/Dreamstime.com (Hand with rock); Alvera/Dreamstime.com (Curious child looking serious at something in hand); Tombaky/Dreamstime.com (Stainless pot); Felician Scorobete/Dreamstime. com (Cocklebur); Caleb Sheridan/Dreamstime.com (Velcro) FA & SA 2: pp.127-132: Aksenova Natalya/Shutterstock.com (Brown hen isolated on a white background); Chros/Shutterstock.com (Frog on White); Butterfly Hunter/Shutterstock.com (Beautiful monarch butterfly isolated on white background); Anest/Shutterstock.com (Macro of butterfly larva isolated on white, low angle view); vvoe/Shutterstock.com (two frog tadpoles close up isolated on white background); irin-k/Shuterstock. com (little chicken isolated on the white); fanedison/Shutterstock.com (Beautiful lotus(Single lotus flower isolated on white background); Tiger Images/Shutterstock.com (red rose isolated on white background); Tim UR/Shutterstock.com (Cherry isolated on white background); Maks Narodenko/Shutterstock.com (Bunch of bananas isolated on white background + Clipping Path); Aprilphoto/Shutterstock.com (fresh green peas isolated on a white background); Nattika/Shutterstock.com (Carrot vegetable with leaves isolated on white background cutout); Maks Narodenko/Shutterstock.com (An ear of corn isolated on a white background); Valentyn Volkov/Shutterstock.com (Strawberries with leaves. Isolated on a white background); EM Arts/ Shutterstock.com (Two black eggplants isolated on white); Tim UR/Shutterstock.com (Green grape with leaf isolated on white background); Kraska/Shutterstock.com (glowing yellow light bulb as inspiration concept); koya979/Shutterstock.com (burning candle isolated over white) Julia Dolzhenko/Shutterstock.com (Fire icon); Prapann/Shutterstock.com (torch on a white background)

Printed by Replika Press

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SCIENCE

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Hello there! Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m Chuckles the Clown. Welcome to Science Carnival! We are going to have a great time learning science together. Science Carnival is a place where learning about science-related facts is as fun as going on a roller coaster ride. So buckle up and get set to enjoy yourselves while you learn all about science.

I am Bubbles. I am Jimbo.

I am Rinkle.

I am Twinkle.

My Name My School My Address

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Preface The Science Carnival series is developed for pupils who go to CBSE-affiliated schools to help them achieve the learning outcomes of the latest national curriculum. Adopting the inquiry-based learning approach, Science Carnival uses engaging visuals and presentation formats with well-crafted activities to arouse pupils’ curiosity about the world around them. Starting with exploratory questions, Science Carnival spurs them to investigate a problem or idea that involves asking questions, collecting and analysing information, generating solutions, making decisions, justifying conclusions and taking action. This motivates pupils to understand key scientific concepts and encourage a spirit of inquiry. Each chapter comprises several exercises that focus on scientific process skills (such as observing, comparing, classifying, inferring, measuring, communicating and predicting), reasoning skills and critical thinking skills to help pupils develop scientific knowledge and critical thinking abilities. They come in the form of Multiple-Choice Questions, Higher-Order Thinking Skills and Value-Based questions, provided at the end of each lesson. The formative and summative assessments allow for continual evaluation of pupils’ understanding of concepts. These outcomebased exercises aim to test their understanding and application of scientific concepts and related skills to solve real life problems.

Hello, friends! Welcome to the Science Carnival! Here, learning science is a joyful experience with hands-on activities and interesting exercises. Most activities have been designed with the carnival theme. The different zones are indicated by the respective signboards:  Learning Zone  Experiment Zone  Skill Zone  Practice Zone  Recap Zone  Testing Zone  Activity Zone  Vocabulary Zone  Fun Zone So, what are we waiting for? Let us enter the Science Carnival and see what is happening there!

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Your fun learning zones

Here, you can learn science concepts.

Here, you can perform interesting experiments to predict, observe and explain phenomenons in Science.

Here, you can develop important scientific skills, 21st century skills and life skills. You can also solve HOTS questions.

Here, you can practise questions on the concepts you have learnt.

Here, you can use the mind map to recapitulate the key concepts of the lesson.

Here, you can test yourself on the learnings acquired from the entire lesson.

Here, you can perform exciting activities related to the concepts you have studied.

Here, you can learn the keywords and their meanings.

Here, you can apply what you have learnt to perform project work. You can also read interesting developments in science.

How to use this book Inquisitive questions are used as headers to give pupils a clear idea of what they are going to learn.

Chapter Opener The language is kept simple to help pupils understand concepts easily.

Each chapter begins with a picture quiz to spark pupilsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; curiosity about the concepts in the chapter.

What will You Learn? The learning outcomes covered are listed at the beginning of the chapter. This gives pupils a simple overview of what they will learn. iv

Follow-up questions appear after the teaching of every new concept to provide immediate reinforcement of the lesson learnt

Science Carnival Book 1

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lists all the process skills that pupils require when performing an activity or experiment. encourages the spirit of inquiry and independent learning by extending pupilsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; knowledge through enrichment materials.

The text is clearly illustrated to aid understanding. Many real-life examples are provided to help pupils see how the concepts are applied in the real world.

excite pupils with fun and interesting details about the world around them. provides opportunities to apply newly acquired science process skills through well-crafted short experiments and activities.

comprises Process skills questions that promote the learning of science-related skills, higher order thinking skills and 21st century skills,

provides the pupils with questions that encourages them to be good to others and the things in their environment.

enhances pupilsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; understanding of each chapter by organising all the key concepts learnt in a visual and easy-to-comprehend manner.

helps the pupils revise new words and their meanings.

Project Work

provides fun and interesting projects for the pupils to carry out in and out of the classroom. Science Bulletin

a collection of various questions provided to test the pupilsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; understanding of the lesson.

focusses on real-life science stories and applications. This inspires pupils and helps them relate what they have just learnt to the world around them.

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Table of Contents Unit 1 Chapter 1 Chapter 2

Plant Life The Green World .......................................07 Plants as Food ...........................................20

Unit 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4

Animal Life The Animal Kingdom ................................27 Animals Around Us....................................39

Unit 3 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8

Our Body My Body .....................................................47 All About Senses .......................................57 Good Habits ..............................................68 Safety .........................................................75

Unit 4 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11

Our Environment Air ...............................................................81 Water .........................................................87 Weather .....................................................94

Unit 5 Chapter 12 Chapter 13

Earth, Sky and Space The Earth, Sun, Moon and Stars .............101 Light and Shadow ..................................109

Unit 6 Chapter 14

Materials Materials ..................................................116

Formative Assessments ...................................................127 Summative Assessments .................................................133

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CHAPTER

The Green World

und us.

lants aro We can see lots of p

What are plants? Do all plants look the

same?

What will You Learn? By the end of this lesson, you will be able to: ✔ define plants ✔ state that plants are living things ✔ describe trees as habitats to many animals ✔ identify trees, herbs, shrubs, creepers and climbers around you ✔ identify the different parts of plants ✔ state the importance of the different parts of plants Chapter 1: The Green World

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Learning Zone

What Are Plants?

Plants are living things and can be found in your surroundings. Plants are the habitats of many animals. A habitat is a place where living things live. It provides them with food and shelter. Practice Zone 1. What is a habitat? 2. Circle the animals who only live on trees.

Learning Zone

How Many Different Types of Plants Do You See?

Plants come in different shapes and sizes. Here are some plants you might have seen around you.

Trees

Trees are big plants. They are tall and strong. They have long branches.

Neem tree 8

Mango tree

Lemon tree

Gulmohar tree

Science Carnival Book 1

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Herbs Herbs, like basil and mint, are small plants. They are used as medicines. They are also used to make food tasty.

Shrubs or Bushes

Basil plant

Mint plant

Shrubs or bushes, like rose and hibiscus, are not as tall as trees. They are woody plants with short stems and thorny branches.

Creepers

Rose plant

Hibiscus plant

Creepers, like watermelon, are weak plants. They cannot grow straight without support. They grow and cover a lot of the ground. Watermelon creeper

Climbers

Climbers have soft stems. They need support to grow straight, such as a wall or a fence.

Grapevine

Pea plant

Money plant Chapter 1: The Green World

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Practice Zone Match these trees to their names.

Mango Tree

Neem Tree

Lemon Tree

Activity Zone

Visit a Park

g Process skills: Observing and Analysin

Visit a park and observe the leaves of trees. Collect fallen leaves to observe their different shapes. Stick them into your book.

Learning Zone

What Are the Different Parts of a Plant?

Plants are made up of different parts. Plants have roots, a stem and leaves. Many plants have flowers and fruits too.

Flower Leaf

Fruit Stem

The different parts of a plant 10

Roots

Science Carnival Book 1

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Practice Zone Label the parts of the plant below.

Fascinating Facts Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants in the world. It can grow up to 100 cm a day! TheÂ saguaro cactus is one of the slowest-growing plants. In 10 years, it only grows 2.5 cm!

Learning Zone

What are the Functions of Plant Parts?

Roots The roots of a plant usually grow under the ground. They hold the plant in the soil. They also take in water from the soil for the plant.

This young plant has strong roots.

Chapter 1: The Green World

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Stem The stem bears almost all the parts of the plant above the ground. The stem carries water from the roots to the leaves, and food from the leaves to the other parts of the plant.

Stem

The arrows show the path of water in a plant.

There are different types of stems.

Some stems are green.

Some stems are woody.

Some stems are thick.

Some stems are thin.

Leaf The leaf is like a little factory that makes food for the plant. The food is then carried to different parts of the plant by the stem. 12

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Flowers Flowers are usually the most attractive part of a plant.

Some flowers are sweet-smelling. Some flowers are big.

Some flowers are tiny.

Flowers grow from buds. Some flowers have many petals, others only have a few. Some petals are small, others are large.

Roses

Some flowers stink like rotten meat!

Lotuses

Sunflowers

Fruits and Seeds A flower can develop into a fruit, which may contain seeds. These are some seeds that are found in the different fruits.

New plant

Inside each seed is a tiny new plant. Seed Chapter 1: The Green World

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Given air, water and warmth, the tiny plant will grow into an adult plant.

Just like animals, plants grow from young!

Mix lemon juice and a few drops of water into a bowl. Dip a paint brush in it. Use the paint brush to write a message on a piece of paper. Let the message dry. Hold the paper close to a light bulb when you are ready to read your secret message or show it to someone else.

Practice Zone Complete the table with the correct plant parts. Plant part

What this plant part does Carries water to other plant parts Makes seeds Makes food Takes in water

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Experiment Zone

and Predicting Process skills: Observing

Follow the instructions given below. 1 Put some wet

2 Place some green beans

cotton wool into a tray.

onto the cotton wool.

3 Add water

4 What happens to the beans?

to the cotton wool daily to keep it wet.

Note down your observations every day. Record the date next to your daily observations in your book. Share your observations with your friends after seven days.

RECAP Zone Do you remember different types of plants? Use the mind map to help you. Herbs

Shrubs

Fruits Flowers

Trees

Roots

Stem Leaves

Types of plants

Plants

Climbers Creepers

Plant parts Make their own food Chapter 1: The Green World

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Vocabulary Zone Do you remember these words? Trees: big plants that are tall and strong Habitat: the place where a collection of plants and animals live and which provides them with food and shelter Climbers: plants that need support to stand Skill Zone

g Process skill: Observin

Apply What You Know 1. What are the parts of a plant? A H R I X T W H S

F T I O V M H N I

L E O Y O S T E M

E R F B J T R A T

A R M N H E S F A

F G A I W O G R E

A E L O A N D U M

S K L P S R W I U

G F S Z Q E Q T P

Can you find five parts of a plant in the word search grid? The words may be shown in sleeping, slanting or standing lines!

2. Can you name any two plants which grow straight and then spread out?

Higher Order Thinking Skills

3. Look at these leaves and cross out those that do not grow on herbs. 16

Science Carnival Book 1

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Values in Action 4. Tick (✓) in the circles next to the rules that we should follow to protect plants.

DO NOT pick flowers

from public places.

DO NOT step on

flowers.

DO NOT waste paper.

Why are you wasting paper? Don’t you know that we should conserve paper because it comes from trees?

Testing Zone 1. Tick (✓) the correct answer. a. A rose is a ....................... . creeper tree

climber

shrub

b. ....................... is / are usually the most attractive part of the plant. Fruits Roots Stem Flowers c. ....................... are the habitats of many animals. Trees Roots Animals Birds Chapter 1: The Green World

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2. Answer the following questions. a. Which part of the plant is an apple? b. Which part of the plant carries water to the other parts of the plant? c. How is a tree a habitat for animals? 3. Fill in the missing letters to get the names of these plants. a. R ..... S .....

b. N ..... E .....

c. P ..... NE

d. G ..... L ..... OH ..... R

4. Fill in the blanks. a. Big and strong plants are called ............................... . b. Climbers need ................................ to stand. c. Plants are ................................ things. 5. Look at the pictures of plants. Circle the pictures of climbers.

6. Unscramble the letters. a. A E P b. E E M N c. N T C O U C O 18

Science Carnival Book 1

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Fun Zone Project Work

Dip your thumb in different paint colours. Use your thumb to paint this picture.

Collect pictures of tall trees, shrubs, herbs, climbers and creepers. Stick them in your book and label them.

Science Bulletin

Growing plants on roofs ✔ Growing plants on rooftops is popular as it helps the environment in many ways. ✔ Plants use the Sun’s heat to change water into vapour. This helps to cool the air. ✔ Plants soak up water when it rains. There is less rainwater run-off. ✔ Having edible plants on your roofs means you can have vegetables and herbs anytime!

Roof gardens can also make a building look beautiful. Chapter 1: The Green World

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Credits

Published by Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd 745 Toa Payoh Lorong 5, #03-07, Singapore 319455 enquiry@alstonpublishinghouse.com www.alstonpublishinghouse.com © 2017 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. First published 2017 ISBN 978-981-4573-41-2 Publisher: Sim Wee Chee Printed by Replika Press

SCIENCE The Science Carnival series is developed for pupils who go to CBSE-affiliated schools to help them achieve the learning outcomes of the latest national curriculum.

BOOK 1

Sam Kee

Empowering Minds • Improving Lives

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Sam Kee

2/8/16 5:16 pm