LOCATION
Marsassoum Teranga School
Soungrougrou River
SENEGAL ATLANTIC OCEAN
In Senegal, 'teranga' is the spirit of hospitality. Moreover, it is associated with tolerance, respect, human aid and of course, happiness. These values are more than appropriate for a new school, where the character of its students will be defined by the state of their 'teranga'.
MARSASSOUM
Casamanza River
42,3 km
Therefore, the design takes into account 5 SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES AND CONCEPTS which symbolize the importance of EDUCATING THROUGH SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE. These project concepts can only get materialised through a sustainable construction, which will benefit from recycling available materials and by sharing trade knowledge among other people involved in the project.
SĂŠdhiou
Ziguinchor
Based on local ethnic 'diola' architecture, the construction is intended to be one whole building, raised from the ground to avoid soil humidity. Ceilings are made out of bamboo and straw, allowing ventilation flow. Both windows and the common spaces supply the school with a great cool circulation of air strengthen by the use of clay in walls.
47,7 km
Scale 1:1.000.000
0
30 km
10
The new school of Marsassoum is located by the Soungrougrou river, at 815 m from its shore. The project is developed after evaluating the contextual disadvantages -bioclimatic conditions, unlearned construction culture, lack of resources and bad state of the current 'buildings'- and considering them as great opportunities.
d to R oa
0
Zigu
The project is developed from the footprints of the current buildings, whose bad condition force their demolition. The architectural idea is not to impose but TO ADAPT TO THEIR FIRST INTENTIONS and efforts of organising the school. So the entrance and the three separated areas we can find in the current plan are reused (offices, classrooms and bathrooms). With that purpose, ORIGINAL AXIS ARE KEPT while trying to push the program towards the plot boundaries in order TO OPTIMIZE SPACE. Then, new grid-lines emerge from the originals, creating an IDEAL SPATIAL DISPOSITION of the classrooms, offices and bathrooms that set circulation space, patios or playing spots. These spaces embrace a variety of changing environments which offer the possibility to supply other needs through a canteen, a library, an orchard and a corral.
inch or 0
Scale 1:2.500
marsassoum teranga school - west elevation
diola house - elevation
20 m
5
This spatial diversity provokes students' interest, which is reflected in their participation and experience. However, so as to create a homely welcoming sensation in users it is developed a unitary structure - a global perception assembled along the project. This fact and a clear INSIDE&OUTSIDE CONNECTION generates orientation and trust. Perhaps through inspiration we can manage to make from education a passport to the future.
100 m
25
SUSTAINABLE PROJECT STRATEGIES
2. NATIVE VEGETATION Authocthonous trees grow easily in Senegal, and they contribute to create interior comfort through shade in patios. On the other hand, native crops will feed both children and chicken from the corral
1. SHADE & SHELTER The whole plot is covered by a corrugated metal roof which provides comfort below it. Thus, the roof is understood as the element that strengthens the environmental conditions. Furthermore, solar panels could be added in the future.
8%
7%
12%
15%
4%
3. HARVEST WATER 100 % of the plot takes advantage of RAIN WATER by collecting it in three DEPOSITS, with three different purposes
5. LOCAL MATERIALS This project is accomplished by using 100% localy sourced materials, and counts on the participation of local craftmans. Although reinforced concrete might be a resource effort, the proposal considers it is the best structural investment.
SUN RADIATION
Mango tree
Kassia tree
$
4. NATURAL VENTILATION & ILLUMINATION By increasing the height of the roof level we reduce the temperature below. Opening the spaces causes crossed-ventilation and boosts the entrance of light
a.
e.
Clay Bricks
Wood
Corn Tomatoes Green Been
b. c.
Concrete Steel Rebars
f.
Bamboo
Moraceae
Peanut
D.1 Water for Community
Melon
D.2 Water for Orchard
D.3 Water for School Supply
FLOOR INERTIA
d.
f.
Kirintin
Tires
Grass, straw and cereal
SECTION a-a'
+ 6.50 m + 5.70 m
+ 4.00 m
+ 4.00 m
+ 3.40 m
+ 3.40 m
D.1 + 0.00 m - 0.40 m
+ 0.00 m - 0.40 m Classroom 1 0
Scale 1:100
1
1.5
3m
GROUND FLOOR PLAN PLAN PROGRAM 1
3A
2
3
4A
- 0.40
Teachers' Office - 30 m2
4
Kassia & Mango tree Garden
- 0.40
Classroom 2 - 63 m2 Classroom 4 - 66 m2
Classroom 1 - 63.4 m2
Classrooms
Classroom 3 - 64.6 m2
Circulation Space Offices
10
Cantine
By playing with the spatial organisation of the classrooms, dynamic ventilated spaces for learning are created. Typologies:
Library Orchard Bathrooms
T1.
T2.
T3.
T4.
Principal's Office - 14.75 m2
9A
D.1
Corral Patios
2
Administration - 14 m
9
Timber benches
+ 0.0
PLAN DEVELOPMENT
- 0.40
9B
0 - STANDARD
Moraceae
Ramp 8%
a
a' Playing spot
ACCESS + 0.05
Gathering space around the tree
Hall
5A
- 0.40
8 1 - ORIGINAL AXIS
+ 0.0
Classroom 5 - 66.4 m2
5 2
Office - 12.4 m
5B Vocational Classroom 1 - 75 m2
- 0.40 2 - NEW GRID
Vocational Classroom 2 - 64.5 m2 Bike Parking Canteen - 40 m2
6A
Waterless Urinals
+ 0.05
D.3
6
3 - PUSH TOWARDS BOUNDARIES
Bathrooms - 47 m2
Water taps D.2
+ 0.05
+ 0.25
- 0.40
Library - 40 m2
4 - FINAL DISTRIBUTION
Urine-diverted dry Latrines
Corral - 20.5 m2
6B
The corral has enough space for chickens and rabbits
6C
2
Orchard - 23.5 m
Water Collection and conduction
Accessible Inspection chamber
Clay wall with holes for natural light Scale 1:100
0
1
1.5
3m
7A
7C
7
7B
1905358222
Marsassoum Teranga School
CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM STAGES:
LEVEL of ACTIVITY
TECHNIQUE AS A LEARNING OPPORTUNITY
S.2 S.1
S.1. STRUCTURE
TIME year 1
CLASSROOM - 'maths is fun'
TO INVOLVE
The goal is to USE LOCAL MATERIALS and to RECYCLE those avaliable. Using different materials allows to INVOLVE PEOPLE FROM DIFFERENT TRADES and thus, bring KNOWLEDGE to EVERYONE.
year 2
The most necessary and basic element is a functional ROOF since school activities can be developed underneath almost as demanded. Therefore structural elements such as foundations, structural walls, columns and roof trusses need to be set first of all. The construction will start when the demolition of the three buildings is completed and current possible materials recycled. The latrines will be kept until they can be renovated. The fragmentation of the roof directly commands the construction process, so if the rainy seasson calls of the work, phase 2 can be started where phase 1 was finished.
CLASSROOM CONSTRUCTION SCHEME
RECYCLE MATERIALS Corrugated Steel Roof
LEARNING
Roof Purlins Roof
'Each trade acquires the experience set by the rest of them' Design of Interior Ventilation Weaved Shutter
Steel Rebars Truss Corrugated steel rebar axe
COMPOSTING DRY LATRINES
Ventilation Pipe Urine
Kirintin weaved
Waterless Latrine
Wood Joists Corrugated rebars Truss (welded steel girder)
Wooden frame
Straw &Bamboo Ceiling
Human waste can be mixed with organic waste from the Cantine and use it as organic fertilizer in the Orchard
Urine diverted from bason and diluted for fertilizer
Reinforced Concrete Beams
Accessible Inspection chamber
Composting Chamber. Rehabilitation and expansion of the original one
Clay Brick Wall WASTE
COMPOST FOOD
ORCHARD
Ventilation Weaved Shutters
Leachate drainage
Beams Columns
Clay Load Bearing Walls
Clay &Stone Platform
DESIGN OF FURNITURE
S.2. CARPENTRY, ENVELOPES AND FINISHINGS A 40 cm floor slab made out of local stones and clay, is spread out through the plot. Then brick walls will organise the different spaces and doors and windows will be placed. Meanwhile, the new bathroom system will rehabilitate the existing latrines. Finally, after clay pavement is placed, ceilings and furniture (which were developed with recycled materials during the construction process) will be set. 0
2
6m
3
'moulding'
Although all the furniture avaliable will be considered, with a little bit of imagination we can provide students with new furniture, such as tables, chairs of different colors or even a swing. They are designed with local recycled materials like hand-bended rebars, local wood, kirintin ropes or tires.
Straw & Bamboo Ceilings 1.00
1.00
'painting'
1.00
Furniture
8. 9. 10.
Fence
11. 12. This pavement represents the non-restricted areas = play & socialize !!
Clay Pavement. (Circulation space)
13. 14. 15. 16.
Scale 1:50
0
0.5
10
11
8
8
16 2.04
7.
13
0.12
6.
9
6
5 0.03
Bathroom
0.40
4. 5.
12
3.40
3.
Recycled tires Continuous foundation. Non-reinforced concrete Clay and local stone filling Clay brick pavement Permanent shuttering. Edgewise bricked-up adobe Load bearing clay walls Clay brick bench as buttress Interior weaved shutter Concrete beam Straw & Bamboo Ceiling Wood Joists Roof. Corrugated metal sheet & truss girders rebars Reinforced concrete Ring beam Orchard Water conductor Bamboo fence
7
0.40
1. 2.
Brick Walls
2.10
LEGEND:
3
1
4
2
15
14
6.98
1.20
4.50
0.40
2m
1905358222