The site plan provides an insight into the choice of siting and orientation of the home on this property. Meters and access to service units such as electricity and water are also displayed in the site plan. A snapshot of landscaping and roof equiptment, as well as the client profile will also be provided. CLIENT PROFILE Frank and Celia, a married couple, have two teenage children; Eliza aged 19, and Hank aged 17. Celia is usually the first to rise in the morning, as she enjoys working out in the backyard to start her day. She generally hops in the shower straight after, just as Frank is waking up. Celia leaves the house around 10am for work and doesn’t arrive home until 6.30 or 7pm each weekday. Frank generally wakes around 8am to shower and leave for work. He arrives home around 5 and prepares dinner while watching his favourite shows on TV. Frank is somewhat of a movie buff and enjoys streaming the latest when he finds the time. Frank and Celia enjoy entertaining and will often have friends over on the weekends. The family have a Sunday evening BBQ ritual. On weekdays, the family spend time together playing board games and watching TV series after dinner. Eliza is a university student who spends a lot of time in her bedroom studying. Eliza also suffers from dust mites. Eliza is home all day four days a week. She wakes early the other three days, quickly showers and leaves for university. Hank is studying his VCE and spends a lot of time in his room preparing for exams. Hank usually showers before bed to save the hassle in the morning. He spends most weeknights at sport training, and is out most of Saturday for games, but enjoys spending Sundays at home with the family.
SITING + ORIENTATION: Main access to this property is through the southern boundary. Northern access is also available. There are no topography constraints on the property. To maximise passive heating and cooling throughout the home, living areas face north, and most sleeping quarters face south. The main bedroom will face north due to the standardised floor plan, and additional shading methods will be considered to create a comfortable environment. The house has been sited to the west side of the block to maximise solar heat gains. The impact of shading from double-storey neighbouring properties has been considered in this aspect. Privacy concerns are minimal as there are no bedroom or living areas facing neighbouring properties. This siting also provides space for possible addition of garage or shed in the future. SERVICES Service connections to gas and water meters and telecom, Side Entry Pit (SEP), Legal Point of Discharge (LPD) and Grated Pit (JD) are to the south side of the side. Sewer connection is to north side of home (at the lowest point).
SUN PATH ANALYSIS North facing windows should take advantage of Melbourne’s warming winter sun. Thermal mass in these areas will aid the passive heating of the home in winter. Appropriate shading needs to block Melbourne’s hot summer sun from north and west facing walls and windows. Shading and ventilation of these spaces will aid passive cooling of the home.
WIND PATH + VENTILATION: Vegetation and house design need to take advantage of cooling summer breezes and block harsh hot and cold winds. Cool breezes from the south will allow for significant cooling of the home if good ventilation design is also incorporated. Vegetation, such as deciduous and funneling trees and bushes can divert and filter breeze for the advantage of the passive cooling of the home. VEGETATION The clients require a water-efficient garden design which will provide the appropriate shading to the home and be equipped to use recycled rainwater and greywatrer wherever possible. They would like the garden to be as low-maintenance as possible. A combination of low-maintenance local indigenous planting, deciduous trees and vines and greywater suitable vegetation will be used.
WARM NORTHERLY BREEZE (Winter)
BBQ
The clients have outlined that they may like to include a vegetable garden in the future, however have emphasised that they do not currently have time to care for one. Space will be set aside for future additions. ROOF EQUIPTMENT The roof will be constructed with Hempcrete, using a gap-free continuous installation method which provides excellent sealing properties. The roof will need to be covered in a waterproof sarking while it is allowed to cure. Regular humidity assessments will be undertaken to achieve an even drying process. Insulation and ventilation of the roof space will contribute to the effective passive heating and cooling of the home. Roof cladding will comprise of zincalume cladding. The roof design allows for the installation of solar panels to allow the client to offset their electricity consumption. The roof is angled in a way to maxmise solar gains in all seasons (45 degrees).
STRONG, HOT SW BREEZE (Summer)
SOUTHERLY COOL BREEZE (Summer) Entrance to Home
ROOF EQUIPTMENT LEGEND Solar PV Array
SUMMER SUN
Clerestory Window Location
WINTER SUN
Environmental Building Systems 1. Site Plan ABPL20036 SEM 2, 2017 Scale: 1:100 @ A3
Date: 2017 Tutor: Adrian Chu Alyse Knape 759021
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Legend:
SITE PLAN
Power Line Sewer Line Gas Line Water Line Stormwater Line
Electric Pole w/Street Light
Side Entry Pit
Telecom Pit Sewer Pit
Junction Pit
Gas Meter Water Meter
Legal Point of Discharge GM
Existing Trees Site Boundary
Proposed Trees Proposed Shrubs Deciduous Vine Pergola
Water Meter Connection Electricity Meter Electricity Meter Connection Water Meter Telecom Connection Premises Connection Device
Rainwater Tank Overflow Bladder Tank Under Decking Recycled Timber Decking
MATERIALS & CONSTRUCTION
BUILDING SEALING To prevent heat loss in winter and heat gain in summer, the building envelope needs to minimise air leakage. The gap-free continuous installation of Hempcrete walls and roof will significantly reduce air leakage through the roof structure. (See diagram below) Thermal breaks in window frames will prevent heat escaping through any thermal bridge in the frame structure. This will be achieved with thermally broken UPVC framing. Additional sealing, such as power-point plugs have also been considered and all measures will be taken to properly seal the home.
The clients are concerned with waste minimisation and embodied energy of the materials in the construction of their home. They are willlng to sacrifice embodied energy only if the resulting product will provide beneficial environmental advantages. They want to achieve minimal construction waste and use sustainably sourced, recycled and/or new products where possible. This section will specify the chosen materials and construction methods in terms of the clients brief.
GAP-FREE CONTINUOUS INSULATION DIAGRAM
CONCRETE SLAB FLOORING
INSULATION The clients have chosen to insulate under slab, walls and roof space. The minimum R-value for walls in Victoria is R2.8. The minimum R-value for the roof space in Victoria is R4.1. The hempcrete wall design has been shown to achieve an R value of 4.2. The material has a great insulating quality and is able to stabilise indoor temperatures to create a comfortable space. The roof hempcrete will also act as an insulator, however the clients have chosen to install reflective foil insulation at the top of the roof space to reflect excess heat away from the home in summer. This will allow the home to exceed the minimum roof R-value of 4.1. http://www.hempcrete.com.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=23&Itemid=24
Air leakage through the slab has also been considered and thus, the clients have chosen waffle pod insulation under slab to improve the thermal efficiency of their home and reduce heat loss through the slab. WINDOWS: There are to be no west-facing windows to discourage excessive heat gain in summer months. A clerestory window will instead be installed above the kitchen space to naturally enlighten this area and improve thermal mass passive heating. This clerestory window will also encourage passive ventilation in summer months. All windows and doors are double glazed to add to the thermal efficiency of the home. uPVC frames have been chosen for their insulating properties and excellent air seals. (uPVC window — double glazed with 3mm clear glass/6mm air gap/3mm clear glass = 3.0 Uw)
SCHEMATIC ROOF CROSS-SECTION This cross-section shows the butterfly pop-up roof design typology chosen by the client. This roof design allows the home to feature a clerestory window as well as solar panels at the appropriate angle to the sun (45 degrees). The cross-section also displays the adjustable louvre windows included in the house design.
CLADDING / FINSHING OF ‘ HEMPCRETE The clients have chosen Rockcote Lime Wash in Sandover for the exterior colouring and Rockcote Clay Paint in Grecian White for the interior walls. All wet area interior walls (inluding bathrooms, laundry and kitchen) will also be coated with the Lime Plaster Basecoat. All exterior Hempcrete surfaces will also be coated with Rockcote Lime Plaster Basecoat for weatherproofing .
Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036 SEM 2, 2017
HEMPCRETE WALLS Despite significant extra costs and extended construction time for the installation and curing of Hempcrete, the clients have chosen this material for their wall and roof construction material. They placed great importance on future-proofing their home and creating a home which will eventually become carbon negative. The clients have also expressed their insistence on sourcing sustainable timber products to make up the structural frame of the hempcrete walls and roof.
2. Materials & Construction Scale: 1:100 @ A3
Date: 2017
Alyse Knape 759021
Tutor: Adrian Chu Legend:
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CONCRETE SLAB FLOORING No carpet or curtains will be used in order to minimise dust accumulation. Ceramic floor tiles will be used in wet areas to absorb as much heat as possible in winter. . CLADDING / FINSHING OF HEMPCRETE Rockcote finishes are vapour permeable/ breathable, and allow air to pass through to assist evaporation of any moisture (https://www.rockcote.com.au/products/lime-wash).
NATURAL VENTILATION STRATEGIES Clients have expressed their desire for natural ventilation methods to compliment their inclusion of thermal mass in summer months. They hope to be able to passively cool their home for increased comfort and to reduce electricity usage;
PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN The passive design outlines strategies employed to minimise active heating and cooling in the home. Where possible, the home takes advantage of natural heating and cooling strategies to increase comfort and reduce energy bills and usage, effectively reducing carbon emissions produced within the household.
Adjustable louvres will also be placed above the lounge sliding doors for passive cooling and ventilation. (See window schedule W07). This will allow cooling southerly breezes to filter through the front sliding door, acting to push hot air out of the home (See window schedule D02)
Deciduous climber vines are to be planted on the northern facade and north-facing courtyard to block hot summer sun while in full bloom. Vines will lose their foliage in winter to allow warming sun to stream through the lounge to the slab. These vines can also create a microclimate which stays cool in summer to aid passive cooling of the space. (See vegetation plan).
Eaves gutters will surround the edge of the house to block harsh summer sun. Eaves gutters will allow warming winter sun into the home as they act to block the angle of summer sun (76degrees) They will also act as temporary shading while deciduous shading trees are given time to develop.
Filtered water sent back into home.
Adjustable louvre window shades have been chosen for the clerestory window and all north facing windows (See window schedule W01, W02, W07). These will be angled to allow clients to block harsh summer sun and allow warming winter side inside to heat the concrete slab.
Moderate thermal mass in Hempcrete walls will provide slow-releasing heat during winter. This will regulate inside temperatures to create a comfortable space. (See materials & construction methods).
High thermal mass in concrete slab will absorb winter sun through north-facing windows and release heat stored later in the evening for comfort of clients. (See materials & construction).
THERMAL MASS IN SUMMER
http://www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design/thermal-mass
Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036 SEM 2, 2017
Adjustable LOUVRES will also be used above the lounge door to aid natural ventilation. This will allow cooling southerly breezes to filter through the front sliding door, acting to push hot air out of these louvres (See window schedule D02) The ventilation diagram shows the expulsion of hot air through louvre windows. This strategy satisfies the requirement for cross-ventilation paths to be up to five times the ceiling height (2.4m x 5 = 12m). All ventilation paths are under 12m. Rainwater collected & sent to tank.
THERMAL MASS The client’s decision to include materials with medium-to-high THERMAL MASS was informed by their preference for passive solar heating to improve comfort and reduce heating costs. Hempcrete walls and roof provide moderate thermal mass and concrete slab provides high thermal mass to moderate internal temperatures. This will act to average out diurnal extremes in Melbourne’s cold winters and create a comfortable home in summer. . The clients have allowed for the appropriate passive solar control methods (shading and ventilation) in their budget to control thermal mass in summer and have outlined that they would prefer initial costs to allow the home to perform better in terms of thermal efficiency. THERMAL MASS IN WINTER
Breeze filtering VEGETATION will be added on the north and west sides of the home to filter strong, hot summer winds. Breeze filtering bushes on the south wall will aid the stormwater pond to cool down southerly breezes (via evaporation). All southern windows will be openable to allow this cool breeze to pass through home, aided by open clerestory window to push out hot air (See window schedule W05-07).
A stormwater collection pond will use diverted stormwater to cool southerly breezes. This will aid the passive ventilation of the home as the cooled breeze enters the home through south-facing windows.
3. Passive Thermal. Scale: 1:100 @ A3
Date: 2017 Alyse Knape 759021
Rainwater tank overflow to SW LPD.
http://www.awsaustralia.com.au/Content/cms/awscdn/images/others/hero-vantage-residential-6.jpg?width=940
SHADING DESIGN Appropriate shading needs to be considered to block out harsh summer sun and allow warming winter sun inside the home. Shading needs to allow clients to gain full benefits from their investment into thermal mass (concrete slab) to passively heat, cool and ventilate their home. Considerations will need to be made to ensure shading methods do not block solar PV panels access to sunlight throughout the year. DAYLIGHTING Maximising visual comfort while allowing natural light to provide effecting internal lighting during the day is an essential aspects of passive design and will allow the clients to save on enerrgy bills whilst ensuring their lighting is as comfortable as possible. The clients have chosen to include a clerestory window above the kitchen space to allow light into the living spaces and corridor. This will make up for the lack of windows on the west-facing walls. The lounge bi-fold doors and adjustable louvres will allow considerable soft light into the living areas and can be controlled by adjusting the louvres above the doors. South-facing windows are ideal for Hank and Eloise, as they let in soft, diffused light, ideal for studying. VEGETATION LAYOUT PLAN
Deciduous trees will be planted to shade west facing walls. Intermediate shading is difficult here and clients are aware that it will take some time for this shading to develop , however cannot fit fully grown trees into their budget at this time. (See vegetation plan)
Warm Northerly Breeze (Winter)
1
1 2
https://www.houzz.com.au/ideabooks/50994986/list/5-favourite-climbers-for-a-summer-pergola
3
4
Strong, Hot SW Breeze (Summer)
Star Jasmine (Trachelospermum Jasminoides)
3
4 5 Southerly Cool Breeze (Summer)
Pebble Path to Front Door https://www.houzz.com/photos/257640/Mediterranean-Land-
Tutor: Adrian Chu Legend:
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Pebble path to front door
6
CROSS VENTILATION MOVEMENT
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KEY 1. Funelling vegetation - Indigenous 2. Tall/ spreading deciduous trees for shade & filtering. 3. Pergola - Star Jasmine Deciduous vines. 4. West wall shaded by deciduous vegetation. 5. Stormwater Diversion Creek Bed - Acts to cool down afternoon southerly breeze for natural ventilation. Breeze filtering shrub species aid this process and mitigate reflections. 6. Exisiting vegetation upheld.
ELECTRICAL & TELECOM PLAN The electrical and telecom plan sets out all lighting fixtures including connections to meter, switchboard and light switches. It also sets out other electrical connections including exhaust fans, smoke alarms and powerpoints. A description of the chosen solar PV system and its connections will be provided in addition to telecom (broadband) connections.
ONSITE POWER GENERATION A Solar PV system will be used to generate electricity for use in the home. Due to varying schedules, the clients have chosen a Central Inverter Solar PV system to allow them to install a solar battery on the property. The clients decision to use this system to power the hot water system means that some generated power will need to be stored to allow each resident to shower at different parts of the day. SUN PATH SUMMER SOLAR PANELS
Energy efficient LED lights will be used throughout the home. Pendant LED lights will be used to preserve the integrity of the roof insulation / hempcrete insulating values.
SUN PATH SUMMER SUN PATH WINTER SOLAR PANELS SUN PATH WINTER
SOLAR SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS The solar system that has been chosen is a 5KW monocrystalline system which includes 20 solar 250W panels, along with a 17kW Teska battery for power storage. All solar panels will be angled at 45 degrees to allow for year-round sun exposure. The below diagram represents the direction in which electricity travels toward power creation and distribution in the home. When the system and the battery become full, excess power generated will be fed back to the main grid. Likewise, if there is a shortage or solar-produced electricity, the household is connected to the main power grid as a backup.
LED dimmable lighting will be used in ceiling fans with their own switch/dial (all bedrooms and lounge area). This will provide each zone with comfortable lighting in the evening and night.
LIGHTING CALCULATION / LAMP SELECTIONS
Two smoke alarms will be installed as per clients request. The distance from the main bedroom and the children’s bedrooms raised some concern in this regard.
A smart meter and electrical switchboard will both be located inside the laundry. This is to allow occupants to easily switch power back on in a shortage.
The clients have chosen to install NBN Broadband connections for the purposes of studying and working from home.
4.. Electrical and Telecom Scale: 1:100 @ A3
Date: 2017
Alyse Knape 759021
Tutor: Adrian Chu Legend:
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Wattage (Max); 29W Brightness: 2000 Lumens Bulb Type: LED http://www.beaconlighting.com.au/ledlux-bennett-300mm-dimmable-led-pendant-in-matte-black.html
Wattage (Max); 38W CCT: 3000K Warm White Brightness: 2400 Lumens Bulb Type: LED http://www.beaconlighting.com.au/ledlux-strix-led-2400-lumen-dimmable-pendant-in-black.html
Futura ECO 132cm Fan with Dimmable LED Lighting This ceiling fan has been chosen for bedrooms and lounge to match the lamp selections. It will aid passive cooling strategies and has a reverse mode for use in winter.
Wattage (Max); 18W Voltage: 240V Brightness: 1100 Lumens Bulb Type: LED http://www.beaconlighting.com.au/futura-eco-132cm-fan-with-led-light-in-black. htmlmen-dimmable-pendant-in-black.htm
Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036 SEM 2, 2017
LEDLux Bennett 300mm Dimmable Pendant in Black This ceiling mounted pendant has been chosen for bathrooms and laundry for its colour shift technology to best suit the clients preferences.
LEDLux Strix LED 2400 Lumen Dimmable Pendant in Black. This ceiling mounted pendant light has been chosen for the living, kitchen and dining areas to provide dimmable light to fill the whole room and create comfortable zones.
ZONE
AREA m2
W/m2
Open Plan Living
48m2
4W/m2
Bedrooms
24m2
Wet Areas Corridor
9.5m2 6m2
2.25W/m2 9W/m2
TOTAL
87.5m2
6W/m2 3.9W/m2 LIGHTING CALCULATIONS
WATER AND GAS SUPPLY PLAN The water and gas supply plan provides insight into hot and cold water connections and distributions throughout the home. It also includes information regarding hot water systems and rainwater collection systems and justifies the lack of gas connections to the household. The client’s decision to use hempcrete walls and roof and concrete slab means that all water services will need to be carefully communicated to builders to ensure all trenches and pipes are set out to service the home before the slab is poured. There will be little to no opportunity to change the plumbing services once the slab has been laid.
HOT WATER CONNECTION A Sanden ECO 315L heat pump hot water system will be used to meet the household hot water demands. This system was chosen by the client after calculating their peak hour demand (approx 300L). This model is suitable to ensure the households hot water demands can be met during peak hour (around 8pm with showers, dishwashing, shaving etc).
RAINWATER COLLECTION The EcoSac 5900L bladder tank will sit underneath the back decking. This tank will be connected and filtered for usage in toilets, washing machine, hydronic panel heaters and laundry sink. It will also be used for watering the garden where greywater is not utilised.
RAINWATER COLLECTION, STORAGE & DISTRIBUTION The clients wish to utilise rainwater as a way to save costs and consumption of mains water. They have decided to install a 5900L bladder tank on site to help manage their household water consumption. The EcoSac Bladder tank was chosen for its steel framing which ensures it does not come into contact with the home. The clients were concerned with taking up space in their backyard with a conventional water tank and preferred to keep the tank out of sight for aesthetic purposes. The tank features a first-flush device to divert initial rainwater containing sediment and debris into the garden before water enters the tank. It also comes with a filter and pump. The tank dimensions are 2100mm x 5500mm x 600mm. Note: The clients have emphasised that they do not wish to spend much time caring for the garden and have specified low maintenance vegetation and watering systems. Drought resistance vegetation and rainwater/greywater suitable plants have been chosen for this reason (See vegetation plan). A wet system will be used as the system needs to collect Filtered water sent back into home. rainwater from multiple Rainwater tank roofs. overflow to SW LPD. Rainwater will be filtered and resued for toilet flushing, laundry sinks and washing machine. It will also be used for rainwater suitable vegetation. HEAT PUMP HOT WATER SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS The clients wanted to install a hot water system which could be supported by their solar PV energy production system. They wanted to ensure that they chose an environmentally friendly system to meet their hot water demand. The model chosen is extremely efficient and boasts up to ‘50% faster heat recovery than currently available hot water heat pumps’. Importantly, this model has a considerably low level of noise production (37dB). This is significant as it ensures that the system will not disturb the clients or their close-by neighbours. https://www.sanden-hot-water.com.au/about-the-eco Rainwater collected & sent to tank.
Solar PV power will power this system, however a mains electricity connection will be made in the case of low solar electricity production. The clients decided to employ this system rather than a straightforward solar hot water system to maximise solar PV capacity in other parts of the home when hot water is not needed as much (summer months). GAS CONNECTIONS (JUSTIFICATION FOR LACK THEREOF) The clients have chosen to exclude gas from their home. They have read a lot of literature regarding the move toward sustainable electricity alternatives and wish to future-proof their home. They have chosen to invest in a renewable solar PV system and therefore can justify their decision to exclude gas connections. Clients were made aware that gas boosting may be beneficial to their hot water system but have still chosen to exclude gas supply to the home at this stage.
COLD WATER CONNECTION The home will be connected to potable mains water for use throughout the home. Rainwater will be re-used in the home for toilet flushing, washing machine and laundry sink where possible. Each of these systems will also have a mains connection in case of rainwater shortage. The clients have chosen not to include mixer taps in their bathrooms to avoid wastage of hot water when mixer taps are set to lukewarm temperatures.
Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036 SEM 2, 2017
5. Water & Gas Supply Scale: 1:100 @ A3
Date: 2017
Alyse Knape 759021
Tutor: Adrian Chu Legend:
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SHOWER HEAD
Mondella WELS 3 Star 250mm Resonance Round Shower Head 7.5L/min
https://www.bunnings.com.au/mondella-wels-3-star-250mm-resonance-round-shower-head_p5 002872/
BATHROOM TAPWARE
Dorf WELS 5 Star Chrome Myriad Cross Basin Set 6L/min
https://www.bunnings.com.au/dorf-wels-5-starchrome-myriad-cross-basin-set-with-circleflange_p4850070
KITCHEN TAPWARE
Mondella WELS 5 Star Chrome Cadenza Side Lever Spray Sink Mixer 6L/min
https://www.bunnings.com.au/mondella-wels-5-star-6l-min-chromecadenza-side-lever-spray-sinkmixer_p5003166
WATER RECYCLING & DRAINAGE
SEWERAGE CONNECTIONS
The water recycling and drainage plan provides information in relation to the required trenches and pipes required to be installed in order to rid the property of water waste, including sewage, stormwater and rainwater/greywater tank overflows. It also provides information about recycling strategies used on the property to reduce mains water demand and future-proof the home in case of drought or serious water shortage.
Systems which produce black water will be connected to the sewerage system to discharge sewage water to the town system. This includes the overflow from the chosen greywater system (detailed below). The overall piping length of the home from the highest sewage point to the sewer vent is 19m. Thus, the overall height of the slope from the highest sewage point to the lowest (the sewage vent) is to be 38cm. Plumbers may wish to increase this slope to ensure the system cannot clog, and thus they may wish to increase the height of the slope to 40cm.
The slope of sewage is crucial in that the gradient must be at a ratio of 2:100 (2cm per 1m of piping). This system is not pumped or pressurised, meaning that waste needs to be able to flow downward to the discarge point. Thus, the Sewer Connection Point is situated at the lowest point of the site and all pipes are sloped down to this discharge point.
STORMWATER CONNECTIONS
Stormwater (surface water from rainfall) which is not able to be diverted to the garden will be drained to the Legal Point of Discharge (LPD) on the southern boundary of the site. Where possible, the landscaping of the site will divert stormwater from the LPD to ensure that the town system does not flood. The clients have chosen vegetation which will divert rainwater from the town system, including a pebble path in the front garden and a creek bed in front of the south wall, which will also aid passive cooling and ventilation (See passive thermal plan).
Stormwater Diversion Creek Bed
http://www.yourhome.gov.au/water/stormwater
CHOICE OF GREYWATER SYSTEMS & GREYWATER CONNECTIONS
The clients wish to install a simple greywater collection system for use in the garden. They have shown some interest in greywater suitable plants and wish to incorporate a small, manageable system into their home. Water will be diverted from bathroom sinks, showers and washing machine and filtered in the greywater system.
Environmental Building Systems 6. Water Recycling & Drainage Date: 2017 ABPL20036 SEM 2, 2017 Scale: 1:100 @ A3 Alyse Knape 759021
The Sewer Vent is essential to flue all toxic gases produced in this system. This vent is situated at the highest point in the pipe system.
Tutor: Adrian Chu Legend:
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Pebble Path to Front Door
https://www.houzz.com/photos/257640/Mediterranean-Landscape-mediterranean-landscape-san-francisco
The clients have emphasised that they do not wish to spend much time maintaining the greywater system as yet, but wish to install a simple system with hopes of upgrading to a larger system in the future. They have chosen the Greyflow Plug and Play Greywater system with the main benefit of this system being its extremely low level of maintanance. This system is fully automated and includes a ‘fail safe’ auto diversion mechanism to the sewer, e specially in case of power outages. This is essential as it is not safe to store greywater for more than 24 hours. http://greyflow.net.au/docs/gfpspp_greywater_bro.pdf The system will be connected to the landscaping with water being filtered and reused to water all greywater suitable vegetation. This will save Note: there is no storage in this greywater system; any unused the family ‘up to 200,000 litres per year’ of mains (treated) greywater is sent straight to the sewerage system via water, subsequently reducing bills. the automated overflow system. This significanty reduces The overflow is connected to the sewer at 45 degree health risks, mosquito and bacteria breeding and keeps the angles, with all overflow diverted straight to the sewer. maintenance of the system to an absolute minimum, suiting (See plan) the client.
HEATING PLAN The heating plan displays the active and passive systems employed to heat the home in winter and colder months. This plan contains the active systems and connections employed, in addition to their integration with previously discussed passive systems.
A wood-fire heater in the living zone will be used when Frank and Celia entertain guests in the winter and wish to stay inside. Wood will be sustainable sourced to offset carbon emmisions.
Hyrdronic heating panels will be zoned in bedrooms, while bathrooms will feature hydronic towel heaters for active heating. This is to minimise costs of heating bathrooms unneccesarily.
The clients have emphasised the importance of employing an active heating system to compliment their passive heating strategies, whilst also providing an environmentally-friendly and comfortable space for use in winter. They were very insistent on selecting a system which would produce fresh-feeling heat which would not impact daughter Eliza’s health issues and would also compliment the breathable properties of hempcrete walls and roof. ACTIVE SYSTEMS Hydronic Panel Heaters have been chosen as the active heating system (radiant system). Clients have chosen this system for its relatively low running costs. They also chose to employ this system for use during Melbourne’s cold winters because it uses ‘clean’ energy; hot water used in these panel heaters will be sourced from the heat pump hot water system, which will subsequently be powered by renewable solar electricity panels installed on the property. The reactivity of the system (approx 30 mins) is suitable for the client as they will mostly use this system in the evenings and can turn the heaters on as people arrive home in the afternoon. The system is zoned. The clients have also chosen to install a wood-fire heater in the lounge room (convection system). They are willing to spend the time and money to source sustainable firewood. They have chosen this heating system purely for the ambience and comfort and will use this heater on colder winter nights when the family is entertaining inside the open-plan living area. This system will require an electrical connection for the fan, as well as a flu. DELONGHI REDEL STEEL HYDRONIC PANEL
Active heating systems will be coupled with passive strategies including thermal mass in slab and hempcrete walls. These will absorb warming winter sun and slowly release this heat in the evening for a comfortable inside temperature.
COMPLIMENTING PASSIVE HEATING SYSTEMS The active heating of the home needs to compliment and work alongisde passive thermal strategies. Active systems wil act as a back-up or secondary measure to these passive strategies. The clients wish to make use of passive strategies on all days where possible, and are willing to dress appropriately to minimise active heating usage. They plan only to utilise active systems on days when it is essential for comfort. On these days, the clients understand the importance of zoning to save energy and make the most of their investment into passive strategies. Their first point of active heating will be to switch on the reverse mode on ceiling fans to encourage hot air to move down into the rooms being used. After this, hydronic panel heaters and then the wood fire heater will be employed for extra comfort. Note; the client chose not to use in-slab heating to save costs and incase of any issues. Frank and Celia do not want to have to dig up their slab for a little bit of extra heat in the slab
https://www.quora.com/How-does-the-ceiling-fan-create-air-flow-What-are-the-aerodynamics-behind-the-air-flow
GRIFFIN HYDRONIC TOWEL RAIL
WARMBRITE INDOOR WOOD FIRE HEATER
https://www.huntheat.com.au/products/radiators/delonghi-radel-steel-panel-radiators/ https://www.huntheat.com.au/products/heated-towel-rail/griffin/
FEATURES OF HYDRONIC PANEL ACTIVE SYSTEM - kW output range; 0.286-12.921 - centre connection - top grille - closed loop system - 65 degrees for panels - uses solar powered hot water storage tank - reactive; approx 30 mins - low maintenance - control valves at each panel for zoning purposes - clean energy; hot water from solarpowered HWS.
Solar-powered hot water system will provide hot water for hydronic panels. In this way, this active system is renewable and energy efficient.
Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036 SEM 2, 2017
7. Heating Scale: 1:100 @ A3
Date: 2017 Alyse Knape 759021
Tutor: Adrian Chu Legend:
N
FEATURES OF HYDRONIC TOWEL RAIL ACTIVE SYSTEM - kW output range; 0.368 - 1.000 - closed loop system - uses solar powered hot water storage tank - reactive; approx 15-30 mins - low maintenance - control valves at each panel for zoning purposes - clean energy; hot water from solarpowered HWS.
https://www.bunnings.com.au/scandia-300-warmbrite-indoor-woodfire-heater_p3171485
FEATURES OF WOODFIRE ACTIVE SYSTEM - 770mm X 810mm X 620mm - 3 speed electric fan - 6 inch flu diameter - Convection heater; up to 300m2 - 1.3g/kg particulate emissions - uses sustainably sourced firewood - creates ambience
COOLING PLAN The cooling plan displays the active and passive systems employed to cool the home in summer and hotter months. This plan contains the active systems and connections employed, in addition to their integration with previously discussed passive systems. The home takes advantage of as many passive cooling strategies as possible. In order to future-proof the home, minimal active systems have been employed at this time in order to prevent discomfort in the case of power or water shortages.
COOLING DESIGN The clients would like to fully rely on passive cooling and ventilation during the summer months to reduce bills and carbon emissions. They do not like the feel of air conditioning and are concerned about the health impacts of cooling systems on daughter Eliza, who suffers with dust mites. The clients have agreed to include ceiling fans and remotecontrollable adjustable louvres to ensure the full benefit of passive thermal design can be enjoyed year-round.
INSULATION to reflect heat in the roof space will be installed to reflect hot summer heat away from the roof space and the home. Under-slab waffle-pod insulation will also be employed to ensure slab is not heated via the ground temperature. This will also ensure that cooling is not lost through the slab (air leakage).
Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036 SEM 2, 2017
Scale: 1:100 @ A3
Date: 2017 Alyse Knape 759021
SLOW REACTIVITY of thermal mass will ensure heat will not be released until later in the day / evening, when ventilation can flush out heat. Active systems will aid this; fans and louvre windows employed for ventilation. CLIENTS are willing to spend time outside the home in summer and often escape to nearby pools or beach towns when heat waves hit.
https://www.quora.com/How-does-the-ceiling-fan-create-air-flow-What-are-the-aerodynamics-behind-the-air-flow
The above diagram displays the operation of ceiling fans in summer/hotter months. Ceiling fans do not work to cool down air, rather they pull hot air up and push cool air down into the room. This system will work in conjunction with cross-ventilation paths in order to flush this hot air out of the home. Louvre windows will be opened in the evenings (these windows are high) to allow hot air which has risen, to leave the home.
Tutor: Adrian Chu Legend:
N
SHADING is extensive and will aid the prevention of heat accumulation in summer. Eaves gutter will block the summer sun angle (78 degrees at equinox). Vegetation will provide shading in summer, and adjustable louvre windows (active) will be adjusted to the appropriate angles to prevent heat hitting the concrete slab. (All detailed in passive thermal strategy).
Stormwater CREEK BED and vegetation will cool southerly afternoon breezes and allow air entering the home to flush out hot air built up throughout the hot days. This will aid cross ventilation. Active fans will help to push hot air up and out of the home.
FANS Will be the main active cooling strategy employed in the home during hotter months. Ceiling fans feature a lightweight and quiet design feature (as outlined in electrical plan). Ceiling fans have very low emmissions and will be powered by solar electricity accumulated on the property whenever possible.
8. Cooling
VENTILATION will be aided by louvre windows with the appropriate ratio of roof height to distance (Cross ventilation path must be no longer than 5X the roof height). This ratio is achieved for all louvre windows, including the clerestory window and the louvres above the lounge door.
Reflective INSULATION will be installed in the roof to minimise heat accumulated in the roof space. This will work in conjunction with a VENTILATED ROOF SPACE to ensure excess heat does not build up in the roof space and enter into the home.
ADJUSTBALE LOUVRE WINDOWS Remote-controlled adjustable window louvres will be employed above the lounge-room bi-fold doors and for the clerestory window above the kitchen and main bedroom spaces. These louvres are able to be adjusted to block harsh summer sun angles (78 degrees at summer equinox). This will aid the cooling of the home by preventing heat entering into the structure. These louvres will double as ventilation aids in the summer evenings. Cross-ventilation will push hot air up and out of these louvre windows, which will be opened at the right time of evening to allow for this process.
VENTILATED ROOF SPACE: The roof space will be fully ventilated in summer to prevent heat accumulation and transfer into the home. These vents will be fully closeable for winter months. Ventilation of the roof space is essential to avoid unnecessary heat gains in the hottest months of the year, as the roof space is otherwise unconditioned and will therefore build up extreme temperatures throughout the day.
IN CONJUNCTION WITH PASSIVE STRATEGIES; The cooling of this Melbourne home during peak summer days will heavily rely on the passive thermal strategy of the home.
STORMWATER CREEK BED
Futura ECO 132cm Fan with Dimmable LED Lighting This ceiling fan has been chosen for bedrooms and lounge to match the lamp selections. It will aid passive cooling strategies and has a reverse mode for use in winter.
Wattage (Max); 18W Voltage: 240V Brightness: 1100 Lumens Bulb Type: LED http://www.beaconlighting.com.au/futura-eco-132cm-fan-with-led-light-in-black. htmlmen-dimmable-pendant-in-black.htm
DROUGHT Scenario; Melbourne experiences a severe water shortage and residents are required to use water only for survival purposes (drinking and eating).
POWER OUTAGE Scenario; Melbourne experiences an electrical blackout period in which mains electricity is not available for an extended time. SOLUTION INCORPORATED IN DESIGN:
SOLUTION INCORPORATED IN DESIGN:
The home already includes extensive on-site power generation and storage methods. The clients have chosen a solar PV system to meet their daily needs and have chosen a system which allows them to store any excess power in batteries for later use.
The home already incorporates various water-saving methods specified by the clients as a way to reduce water usage and its associated costs. RAINWATER TANK is situated underneath the back decking to meet the households water demands. Currently, this water will be filtered and used in the laundry, toilets, and bathroom sinks.
GREYWATER system is located on the western wall of the home to recycle greywater produced in the home. This will be filtered and reused in the garden to water greywater suitable vegetation. This will likely produce enough water to service the entire garden. http://greyflow.net.au/docs/gfpspp_greywater_bro.pdf
Mondella WELS 3 Star 250mm Resonance Round Shower Head 7.5L/min
https://www.bunnings.com.au/mondella-wels-3-star-250mm-resonance-round-shower-head_p5 002872/
WATER SAVING appliances, including tapware, shower heads, washing machine, dishwasher and dual-flushing toilets have been chosen by the client to minimise their water demand. They chose these appliances to reduce cost, but this will also provide them some protection if water shortages occur; they can feel safe to continue to use essential appliances with the knowledge that this will not waste precious water.
SUN PATH SUMMER SOLAR PANELS
SUN PATH SUMMER SUN PATH WINTER SOLAR PANELS SUN PATH WINTER
9. Design for Resilience Scale: 1:200 @ A3
SOLUTION INCORPORATED IN DESIGN:
The home already includes good passive cooling strategies to ensure that the home does not require too much electricity to power active systems. This may pose a risk to the household in case of extreme heatwave; they do not have any backup methods to ensure they are able to survive or live comfotable during the heatwave period and they would need to rely on leaving town in such a case.
Rainwater collected & sent to tank. Filtered water sent back into home. Rainwater tank overflow to SW LPD.
PROPOSED EXTRA SOLUTION;
To design for a more resilient home, the design could incorporate extra solar-produced-power storage to ensure that the home is able to continue to have access to power during a prolonged grid outage. There is an opportunity for the client to purchase an electric car which can then double as an extra batery. This car can therefore store solar-generated power on site and be fed back into the home for use in all areas. (The whole home runs on electricity and there is no gas connection so electricity is essential for hot water usage, rainwater filtering for use in the home and greywater recycling processes).
PROPOSED EXTRA SOLUTION; To design for a more resilient home, the design could incorporate extra water saving and storage to ensure the client will not be faced with zero water in case of extreme drought. Additional rainwater tanks and filtration tanks could be installed to ensure the client is able to store as much rainwater as possible. This will be difficult if there is little to no rainfall in Melbourne at any particular time. These tanks could then be connected to additional services in the home, including showers, kitchen sinks and dishwasher, although this would require expensive plumbing connections to be added.
Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036 SEM 2, 2017
SOLAR PV ARRAY on multiple roofs is a central system which allows excess power generated to be stored in the clients’ Tesla battery for later use. During a grid power outage, the family still have access to electricity for use throughout the home. This also allows them to continue to have a hot water connection, rainwater filtering and pumping into the home and greywater recycling into the garden.
HEATWAVE Scenario; Melbourne experiences an extreme heatwave where temperatures do not drop below 40 degrees celcius for three or more weeks. There are no cool changes or relief from heat. Subsequently, the community is suffering, especially elderly neighbours.
https://www.tesla.com/en_AU/models
Date: 2017
Alyse Knape 759021
Tutor: Adrian Chu Legend:
N
PROPOSED SOLUTION;
To design for a more resilient home, the design could incorporate active cooling methods which would only be used in extreme cases or when Melbourne’s heatwaves become unbearable for the family. To reduce initial costs for the owners, a split-system air conditioning unit could be installed in the lounge/living area only. The clients can then use this space during the heatwave, instead of having to pay to cool the entire home. This strategy will also ensure that the family can help out neighbours who may not have cooling in their home. They would be able to help the community by providing space for elderly neighbours to stay during intense heatwaves.
Australia’s only 7-star split system air conditioning unit will provide sufficient cooling to the living area. http://www.daikin.com.au/our-product-range/split-system-air-conditioning/us7
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