pre-press & printing
DESIGN IS THINKING MADE VISUAL
Saul Bass
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction 1.1 About The Book 1.2 Conceptual Background 1.3 Design Concept 2. The Journal 2.1 Screen Printing 2.2 Offset Printing 2.3 Paper Introduction 2.4 Pantone Color 2.5 Laser Cut & Engraving 2.6 Letterpress Printing
1.1
CONCEPTUAL BACKGROUND This book is a visual journal from Pre-press and Printing Subject on Even Semester 2015 of Binus International University. This journal contains materials that were learned on the whole semester. All subject matters are related to printing.
1.2
DESIGN CONCEPT The concept of this visual journal taken from educational books, which contains mostly readable information than visual. The layout should be as much as possible looks clean, neat, and simple so that the texts could be read easily and not boring. Important aspects of the layout: Clean and neat typeface Readable font size and font style usage to avoid monotony of the text and clarify between headline text, body text, and footer section Column division for longer paragraph text, so the reader’s eye could feel less tired of reading text Contrast text & background colour.
2.1
SCREEN PRINTING by Charlie SPS Screen Printing Screen Printing is a technique whereby a mesh is used to transfer ink onto a subtrate, excluding the areas made impermeable to the ink by a blocking stencil. Screen printing commonly used in making shirts, vinyls, stickers, posters, etc. Screen Printing Tools and Materials 1. Rubber Ink - White as a mixing substance for pigmented ink to produce soft or pastel colour tone. - Clear as a mixing substance for pigmented ink to produce darker colour or solid colour on white surface. 2. Extender Ink Water-based ink mixture for light to white surface resulting soft-handfeel print.
3. Pigment Ink Dye substance that mixed with rubber ink or extender ink to have the desired tone to be printed. Maximum ratio of pigment ink from the whole mixture should be no more than 10%. 4. Photo Emulsion Active Active afdruk emulsion that is used to make the desired motive or art on screen. This is a water-based substance so it will be removed after coating process. Since this substance is in opposite with the polarity of the film emulsion substance, each substance can’t be fused. 5. Film Emulsion Active Active afdruk emulsion used as coating to cover the negative space of the motive on the screen. This emulsion is not water-based, so it will stay after the washing process. Before coating, this emulsion should be mixed with the sensitizer. 6. Sensitizer/Actinic Light Substance Activated cross linking or hardening traits of potassium, sodium or ammonium chromate and dichromate chemicals with glues and gelatin compounds.
7. Auxiliaries as screen cleaner to prevent clogging while printing process. 8. Table Adhesive to keep the material in place while printing process. 9. Wood Frame to hold the screen along the process. 10. Squeegee to flatten and tighten the ink on the printing process by moving it from the top to the bottom of the screen with quite tension. 11. Hand Spray spray tools to clean the screen after afdruk and printing process. 12. Spatula to mix some mixtures evenly. 13. Painting Brush to draw the motive on the screen using photo emulsion active substance. 14. Clear Duct Tape to cover the edge of the screen so the ink wouldn’t mess some undesired places.
15. Gloves to protect hand skin from dangerous chemical substances that were used along the process. 16. Cloth to keep the screen and attributes clean. 17. Plastic Glass as a container media for substance mixing.
Screen Printing Techniques 1. Motive Printing Traditional or modern way to print the motive on the screen with photo emulsion active. 2. Coating Cover the rest of the blank space on the screen with film emulsion active that has mixed with sensitizer. Let the surface dry perfectly. 3. Washing Removing the motive paint on the screen. 4. Printing Rubber Ink that was mixed with pigment ink resulting the desired colour pasted all over the mesh, using Squeegee to pressed or flatten the ink surface from top to bottom. 5. Drying Removing the water content from the ink to produce more solid and steady print. 6. Fixation Fusing the ink and material so it will not fade. (steaming, curing, baking pad alkali sock, iron, etc.)
The following photos are the result of my screen printing attempt.
2.2
OFFSET PRINTING by Kompas-Gramedia Palmerah Offset Printing is a technique where inked image is transferred from a plate to a rubber blanket, then to the printing surface. First of all, the pdf ready files are printed directly onto plates using laser printing. Since offset printing is using spot color, each spread is divided to 4 different plates according to CMYK spot color (cyan, magenta, yellow, black).
When the rubber blanket rolls, the image is printed according to color spot. Then the rubber blanket directly transfer the image to the paper.
Offset Printer
Color Proofing for Spot Color
Newspaper Printing Offset printing is most optimized to be used for newspaper printing. The copper plate as master or print base has the thickness of 3mm for each CMYK color spot. The pdf ready files also need to pass the digital colour proofing process before printing. CTP Workflow -> CJJ System -> Ink Preseting -> Plate-setter -> Vision Blending -> Printing
While the beginning of printing process, the print register control is implemented to make sure there’s no error. The aspects are CMYK color precission evaluation and ink & water balance control for brightness and contrast level. Kompas-Gramedia Offset Printing Production Scheme
Maintenance
Logistics
Each Kompas-Gramedia branch offers different kind of offset printing. Overall they provide offset printing for catalogue, packaging, school text book, commercial print, advertising, and many more. Kompas-Gramedia Palmerah is specialized for newspaper printing.
2.3
PAPER INTRODUCTION by Surya Palace Jaya Paper Distributor Company Milestone Starting Toko TJOA Paper Shop Transforming to PD Surya Jaya Starting Surya Fancy with Conqueror products Establish PT. Suryapalace Jaya American Products coming in (Strathmore, Beckett, Howard and Gilbert) Arjo Wiggins products started with Rives Design & Rives Traditions Establish PT. Surya Prima Jayatama Acknowledge of SPJ as Arjo Wiggins Executive Distributor in Indonesia Certified as Exclusive Distributor for Arjo Wiggins in Indonesia Starting PRODIMA American Digital Products first market appearance PSC Certification Arjo Wiggins’ digital products started Market Segmentations Printer - User - Advertising - Retails
1960 1967 1986 1988 1991 1994 1997 1998 2000 2002 2008 2010 2011
Products 1. Commodity Paper Coated Paper Fine Paper Self Adhesive Uncoated Paper Specialty Special Purpose E-50 - Enova 50% Recycled Paper Exceedo - Premium Recycle Gpi - Sus Coated Unbleached Kraft Paperboard Yupo Synthetic Paper 2. Fancy Paper Beckett Collection Conqueror Curious Collection Curious Matter Curious Skin Cyclus Embracing a Mild Touch Gilclear Keaykolour Lessebo 3. Digital Paper Prodima Re-board
Meteor Mohawk Options Ok Super Ecoplus Rives Siena Strathmore Surya Fancy Digital Via Village
2.4
PANTONE COLOR Color System Type RGB - Additive Color Model (Red-Green-Blue) CMYK - Substractive Color Model (Cyan-Magenta-Yellow-Black) Spot Color System
Pantone Color Chart - Coral/Peach
Pantone Color Matching System is largely and standardized color retroduction system by standardizing the color. One pantone color is the same anywhere so it’s easier to tell people the exact color match without direct contact one to another. Pantone also produced metallic and fluorescent colours (on 2001) introducing the goe system = RGB colours + LAB values each color. Pantone colors described by their allocated numbers (ex. “PMS 130”). PMS color always used for branding, then used for legislation and military standards (to describe the colors of flags and seals)
RAL Colour Standards
Pantone Goe System By September 5, 2007, the system consists of 2,000 new colors in new matching & numbering system. In addition to the standard of swatch book (GoeGuide), the new system also includes adhesive-backed GoeSticks, interactive software tools & online community where users can share color swatches and information. Pantone Color of The Year Twice a year, the company secretly held a meeting to choose one color to become the color of the year. It was not randomly picked. In fact, by following the analysis of events that occured on the year, the discussion will be which is the most influential to the world? The result color that was chosen in the meetings are listed on Pantone View which fashion designers, florists, and various other circles in society purchased it as a guidance to help them making future designs or products.
The person behind Pantone Color of The Year are:
2.5
L ASER CUT & ENGRAVING by Gusto Sign - Bandung Laser Cut Process of cutting surface using laser power that able to cut a very complicated details in more precise, neat and fast way. Basically, the machine will automatically cut the desired form, so the customers only need to prepare the design in (.cdr / .ai / .eps) format. The more complicated the design, the longer the time will take, the higher the cost. The same rule applies if the cutting material is thick, the more the power it needs, causing higher cost of production. Whereas the higher amount of production, the cheaper the unit price will be.
Laser Engraving Engraving process used for specific matterials such as acrylic, MDF, triplex, greyboard, wood, stainless steel, alumunium, etc. In one process, the machine will make depth on the surface for ¹ 0.2-0.4mm with the ability of engraving thickness up to 10-30mm and the maximum wide of the material is 200 x 300cm. To cut through the entire surface material, the process should probably be repeated several times. For engraving process only, bitmap format files are still tolerable with minimum resolution of 150 dpi. Engraving process uses bigger heat energy that sometimes leave burnt mark along the edge of the cutting. This problem couldn’t be avoided so usually people use wood material for engraving, resulting more vintage look caused by the burnt mark.
2.6
LET TE R PR E S S PRIN TI N G by The Distillery - Kemang The Distillery is an Australian based company located on Sydney that recently (October 2014) open a branch in Jakarta. The Distillery specialized in Letterpress Printing. Laser Cut
Letterpress printing is a printing technique of
relief printing by pressing ink into thick & fluffy cotton paper. Letterpress printing use metal plate as master, which is quite expensive. That’s why mostly letterpress printing is used to produce big scale of copy.
Service Provided Corporate Stationery Business Cards Wedding Invitation Event Invitation Coasters Tags Packaging Prints Original Heidelberg
Papers (High Quality & Imported) Crane Lettra 600gsm Wild 450gsm
Printing Process
SPECIALTY FINISHING OPTIONS
1. Edge Gilding Edge Gilding is a specialty finish where the side edges of a business card are coated with metallic foil.
2. Edge Coloring Edge colouring is a specialty finish where the side edge of a business card is coloured in a custom colour.
3. Die Cutting Die cutting is a subtle, powerful effect that offers a strong and lasting impact. Choose from a range of round corners or bevel corner shapes, or design your own custom shape to carry your corporate identity system.
4. Foiling Foiling works by letterpress hot stamping a temperature sensitive foil with a magnesium block. The magnesium block is chemically etched with your custom design, and can be pressed into your business card paper with moderate impression.
E ND.