CRL & CRM VCU International Consulting Program 2013 Alexandra Suder; Ameni Kabboudi; David Vajcner; Rebecca Bourne
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Table of Contents
Executive Summary …............................................................................... 3 UNICEF’s Mission................................................................... 3 UNICEF’s Values.................................................................... 3-4 Goal........................................................................................ 4 Introduction ….............................................................................................. 5 Purpose.................................................................................. 5-6 Objectives............................................................................... 6 Situation Analysis …................................................................................... 7 Company................................................................................ 7 CRL and CRM........................................................................ 7-9 Methods and Approaches....................................................... 9-10 Prospective companies........................................................... 11-22 Recommendation.................................................................... 22-23 Conclusion …................................................................................................. 23-24 Appendix ….................................................................................................... Guidelines of For-Profit Company Evaluation Checklist........ For-Profit Company Evaluation Checklist.............................. Weighted Value Rankings of For-Profit Companies.............. References …...................................................................................................
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Executive Summary The Mission “UNICEF (UN Children's Fund) is a leading global organization dedicated to protecting and improving the living conditions of children and promoting their overall development. We work with local communities and governments in 157 countries around the world to those in need provided immediate humanitarian assistance and long-term development in the areas of health, education and child protection.
Our global presence enables us to extensively use the knowledge and experience to assist children, while our permanent presence in places using means that we are ready to intervene immediately in case of need (85% of all UNICEF staff working in the areas where aid is directed). By voluntary contributions and the sales of greeting cards, gift products, etc. UNICEF is able to with help the children so that they are not financed from the budget of the United Nations. UNICEF is guided by the belief that children and their healthy development matter (nutrition, access to safe water, immunization, education, child protection against any exploitation) They are also a prerequisite for the human development. Established as a to contribute to the eradication of barriers that puts children into the path of poverty, violence, disease and discrimination. We believe that together we can contribute to the spread of humanity.� ("UNICEF")
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Values
● Promotes measurements that allow children to get the best possible start in life. ● Believes that proper care at an early age is the most important foundation for the future of a man. ● Supports education for girls and ensures that they - as well as boys - get at least a full primary education. ● Committed to ensuring that all children are vaccinated against basic childhood diseases. They are also concerned with the nourishment of children because it’s unacceptable for children to suffer or die from preventable reasons. ● Active in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS among young people, and they believe that it is possible to protect against this risk. UNICEF helps children and families affected by HIV/AIDS live their lives with dignity. ● Engaged in building a safe environment for children. ● Believes that no child should be exposed violence, abuse or exploitation, and the organization helps in crisis situations. ● Supports the Convention on the Rights of the Child, whose main objective is to ensure equality for all who are discriminated against, especially for girls and women. It seeks to achieve the MDGs (“Millennium Development Goals”) and the progress outlined in the Charter of the United Nations. ● Seeks peace and security
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Goal
In March 2013, UNICEF implemented the development of Cause-Related Licensing (CRL) into their marketing strategy. Their goal is to find a company(s) who fits UNICEF’s positive brand image and who is also willing to produce, distribute, and market a UNICEF product. As long as their vision matches that of UNICEF’s, the company can be a Czech-based company or a global corporation. UNICEF requested research and a full evaluation of prospect companies that may stand as potential matches for the CRL approach.
Introduction
This document explores the potential companies that UNICEF needs to search for in order to establish a partnership for Cause-Related Marketing (CRM) and more importantly, Cause-Related Licensing (CRL) in different sectors. This report focuses on global and local companies that UNICEF considers a partnership with. We examine the minimum criterias, and additionally explore opportunities and challenges that may be faced under different parameters. A recommendation, delivered at the end of the report, is based on a measurement index that fits UNICEF’s requirements of the potential companies. The United Nations Children’s Fund, better known as “UNICEF”, is a global organization that was founded in 1946 as a branch of the United Nations. Founded after the World War, a main goal of UNICEF is to provide children and mothers in developing countries with healthy nutrition and an education. Included as one of the largest international
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organizations, UNICEF continues to lead in over 190 countries around the globe to establishing children’s rights.
Purpose This report is intended to identify and supply UNICEF with a list of companies whom, according to data and statistics, show a compatibility between the mission and objectives of UNICEF, and the the business and vision of diverse companies. Each company may be in a different researched sector,such as Finance, Travel, Children’s Toys and Educational Tools.. The compiling of the list is based on criteria such as Brand Attractiveness, Financial Stability and Corporate Social Responsibility. The companies are classified into one of two approaches: Cause-Related Licensing (CRL) approach or Cause-Related Marketing (CRM) approach. The main purpose of this report is to identify the top 10 companies that align with UNICEF’s position for CauseRelated Licensing (CRL).
Objectives
1. Research industry sectors and companies that UNICEF should focus attention on 2. Look for the top Czech companies that meet UNICEF’s requirements for partnership (Marketing, Sufficient funds and Brand-awareness) 3. Create a list of prospect Czech/global companies for UNICEF to potentially partner with
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Situation Analysis
Company UNICEF is currently recognized as a leader in Cause-Related Marketing through partnerships with world class brands such as Disney and Pampers. In this section we examine the data we collected on each company which includes company information from official websites and direct observation of stores in the Czech market which carry major brands. The data was approached this the assistance of Virginia Commonwealth University Library databases, the official list of Top 100 Corporate Czech Companies, the Credit-Suisse database, the UNICEF framework “External Research: Why Cause Related Marketing”, and the presentation “An Integrated Approach To Product-Based Fundraising”. In order to get credible and accurate results, we created a numerical index that ranks the companies based on the given criteria that is required by UNICEF. As a result, a list has been compiled of companies that fit UNICEF’s requirements for CRL and/or CRM.
CRL and CRM
Cause-Related Marketing: Cause-Related Marketing is best defined as marketing that involves a joint effort relationship between a “For-profit” business and a “Non-profit” Organization to receive mutual benefits. For the UNICEF organization, this means that the UNICEF name and logo is used by a third party in the promotion of that party’s branded products or services. The UNICEF logo would be clearly shown as the beneficiary of the activity.
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Qualifications of CRM for UNICEF: ■ UNICEF Name and Logo on Packaging and Marketing Materials Only ■ Six-Month Limited Promotion Time ■ No Endorsement Disclaimer ■ Positive or Neutral Brand Fit to UNICEF’s Mission and Heritage
Cause-Related Licensing Cause-Related Licensing for the UNICEF organization requires that the UNICEF name and logo is used by the third party, whom will develop, produce, and market UNICEF branded products. The selling of exclusive UNICEF items can be achieved through either the partner company’s channel, UNICEF’s distribution channel, or a mix of both channels. A CRL agreement is required when the partner company will market the products, if the partner is only supplying the product then an agreement is not necessary. The standard model for a CRL agreement is when the licensee supplies the UNICEF product to retailers and the retailers sell the product to consumers. The advantage of this model provides the opportunity of a broader market. The dealer to consumer model implies that the licensee may be able to sell directly to the end consumer. The advantage of this model is that there is no retailer margin which would provide more possible funding for UNICEF. The direct to retailer model provides that the distribution and shelf space is guaranteed for the product.
Qualifications of CRL for UNICEF: ■ Minimum $150,000 Over Three-Year Period ■ Social Audit of Factory
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■ Product Safety and Quality Tests ■ Full Product Approval ■ Must Be a Positive Brand Fit to UNICEF’S Mission and Heritage (Saving or improving children’s lives) ■ Single or Dual Brand Agreement Methods and Approaches
Quantitative Secondary: ■ “Tool-kit 5 Cause-Related Licensing” ■ “An Integrated Approach to Product-Based Fundraising” ■ Initial Meeting with Denisa Siskova, including UNICEF Presentation ■ UNICEF Website: www.unicef.cz Qualitative Primary: ■ Conducted Q&A Meeting with Ms. Siskova ■ Email Q&A with brand licensing expert Pete Canalichio providing us with his own document “The Brand Licensing Guide” ■ Store-to-Store Observation and Collection of Brand Names (including Sparkys and Slovansky Dum) ■ Annual Reports For All Companies That Produce Them ■ Websites For Each Additional Company Due to the nature of the organization, an accurate assessment of all prospective companies for UNICEF is an important factor for success of the partnership. This assessment was approached by selecting the best fit parameters compiled from the requirements of UNICEF
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and Brand Licensing expert, Pete Canalichio’s “The Brand Licensing Guide”. Each parameter has a different “Importance Factor,” which is based on the information from UNICEF and additionally, a weighted value system, which was put in place to identify the evaluation ranking results. (See Index “Evaluation Checklist”). The parameters included in the assessment are stated as the following: Geographic Reach, Financial Health, Innovation, Mission and Values, Quality, Product Scope, Quality, History of Success, Channel Reach, and Corporate Social Responsibility.
Prospective Companies
Although sectors are frequently general, industry sectors are narrowed down to childrenoriented companies, specifically companies with the main concern of children’s health and nutrition, educational appliances, or entertainment, such as toys or mentorship programs. For the Financial sector, GE Money Bank is identified as a prospective partner that can be competent to holding the UNICEF brand as a part of the CRM approach. Competitive and well-renowned in the Czech market, Alpine Pro and Hannah are two brands that were identified in the Apparel sector. Hannah and Alpine Pro, a company who produces and distributes their own outdoor sportswear are rapidly growing and expanding to the Eastern European market and China. Several brands with their main operations located in the Czech Republic are identified in the Educational Tools sector however, each has a broad channel distribution. Companies such as KOH-I-NOOR and Albi are brands that have a broad distribution channel. In most cases, the Children’s Entertainment sector has only one focused target market;
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Children. Brands such as the chain “Sparky’s,” is considered the leading toy store in the country of Czech Republic, with a strong presence in most of all the Czech Regions. Simba Toys, another Children’s Toy brand, is gaining a global presence in not only the European market, but other countries too. “Student Agency,” a company concerned about the youth’s opportunity to gain international experiences fits UNICEF’s mission. “Student Agency” values the international experiences the younger generation receives. Through cultural exchange and educational programs, “Student Agency” endorses a global perspective for the youth, and raises awareness of international issues and differences around the world. This leading student travel and leisure company located in the Czech Republic shares a similar mission and values shaping the experiences and thoughts of the younger generation. Year after year, the Mattoni Company has continuously held their presence on the Top 100 Most Admired Czech Companies, which stands as evidence that they are a lucrative company and would be a beneficial partner for UNICEF. By providing healthy and safe mineral water to pregnant women and children, the Mattoni Company has proven that they are dedicated to helping children’s nutrition.
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TOP 3 Companies
Strengths ● ● ● ●
Brand Awareness Product lineup Distribution Charitable Activities Opportunities
● Market development
Weaknesses ● Financial Struggle
Threats ● International regulations ● Competitor Intention
Strengths
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Brand Awareness: When it to interactive games category, Lego is one of the world’s largest childrens toy brands. The Lego Group and company is strongly focused on their research and development, and they own a world renowned marketing team that assists the company with remaining in their leading market position. In addition to being positively famous throughout the world, Lego’s mission complements the mission of UNICEF: ‘Inspire and develop the builders of tomorrow,’ “Our ultimate purpose is to inspire and develop children to think creatively, reason systematically and release their potential to shape their own future - experiencing the endless human possibility.” (“UNICEF”) Product Line-Up: With a extensive product lineup, Lego continues to meet various ages of children’s needs, for example “Lego Baby” was launched for babies in 1995.Lego’s new theme, “Friends” targets young girls and has sold twice as well as initial expectations. Lego “Friends” has helped triple the company’s sales to young girls. According to a 2010 survey by the Reputation Institute, Lego is the most admired brand in Europe and additionally, ranked as the second most admired brands in the United States and Canada. The survey goes on to say that Lego is the fifth most admired brand globally. Lego continues to impress the world by differentiating themselves from other brands in their market, by doing this they gained and continue to have competitive advantage. After going on an innovation binge, the Lego Group added on Lego-branded electronics, opened an multiple amusement parks and education centers, and they’ve even gone further and created interactive video games and jewelry. An example of a recent and successful innovation of Lego is the alliance with the Star Wars movie producers and the Harry Potter franchise. Distribution: Another advantage of Lego is their large distribution network that is spanned
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across the world. Although Lego’s products can be found in nearly all toys stores around, their packaging is conducted in their newest Czech Republic plant. This distribution advantage serves as just another benefit for CRL. Charitable Activities: --Lego is involved in multiple charitable activities that vary. Just one example of Lego’s charitable activities is the kindergarten in Bellun that they established for the children.
Weaknesses Financial Struggle: Although the popularity of Lego products continues, in previous years the group was financially struggling. In 2004, the toymaker's board of directors decided that the company needed to cut 20 percent of its logistics costs and a key step in achieving this objective was to consolidate most of their European warehouses and distribution centers (DC) into one facility. Even though this cut in logistics costs was a major risk, Lego Group’s Vice President, Egil Moeller Nielsen, has recently went on to say how much of a success their new Eastern European plant is, which is specifically located in the Czech Republic.
Opportunities Market Development: The Children’s Entertainment sector remains seasonable as demand reaches it’s peak during special occasions, such as Christmas holidays or Easter celebrations. Expansion to the Eastern European market continues to improve as LEGO allocates their new Czech Republic plant. Even though this expansion is said to be successful, there were doubts that this economy could be too slow since neighboring countries are still stagnant and slowly progressing. It is said that production in the new Czech Republic facilities are expected to
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commence in 2014� and full expansion will be completed by year 2015.
Threats International Regulations concerning free trade between countries can play a major role in the hampering of the distribution of Lego products. Competitive companies may try to violate laws, which happens quite frequently. An example of law-breaking by Lego’s competition is the 2005 case of Mega Bloks. Although Lego sued the Canadian company for a trademark violation and won the case, a spillover effect may occur and have in the end, could have a negative effect on the Lego brand. Competitor Intention: The rise of global competition can be good for product development and quality improvement however, global competition can also have a reverse effect since the Lego Group frequently has to hold lawsuits against their competitors who try to imitate or copy their products.
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Strengths ● ● ● ●
Capabilities Assets, People, Resources Marketing Charitable Causes
Weaknesses ● Brand Perception
Opportunities ● Business and Product Development
Threats ● Market Demand ● Emergence of Substitute Products
Strengths Capabilities: 3M is a global company with worldwide operations in over 65 countries. Innovative Aspects: The 3M company supplies a wide range of innovative products that help with domestic cleaning, organizing work in an office or building, and maintenance. The main focus of a partnership between 3M and UNICEF would be school supplies for children. 3M follows a leading renewable energy strategy that improves quality, while also reduces costs incurred. Assets, People, Resources: Since 1991, 3M has had an established representative office in Czech Republic’s largest populated city of Prague, and overall they employ more than 88,000 individuals worldwide. By addressing various areas of safety and health, every 3M location has a comprehensive management system which helps drive their continuous improvement. improvement Examples of their safety and health improvement include injury and illness prevention, and the promotion of a total safety culture. Marketing: In 2012, 3M’s approach for advertising and promotion spending was said to reach 16
about $482 million dollars. 3M’s advertising is conducted through: Print and Direct Mail (Brochures and handouts); Out-of-home (including Billboard and Vehicle Advertising); Point of Sale and Coupons; Directory Listings and Classified ads (Electronic and Printed); Online Banners; and Television and Radio. Charitable Causes: The 3M company has invested $1.3 billion in cash and products to charitable and educational organizations since 1953. The monetary investments of 3M simply complement UNICEF’s mission of empowering children to education. 3M engages in charitable activities and projects including Project HOPE; Project Lead the Way; Acara Institute; and Engineering is Elementary.
Weaknesses Brand Perception: Although the products produced by 3M are widely available in many stores all over the world, customers may not know them as 3M and may not consider as them as independent of a brand.
Opportunities Business and Product Development: 3M uses high-tech and innovative technology for the production of their goods however, they lack the normal concerns of recycling goods, or ‘going green’ with their raw materials.
Threats Market Demand: With different trends and consumer needs varying for products, such as school supplies, 3M’s demand remains market sensitive, which is due to seasonal trends. Another additional obstacle for 3M’s products is the shifts in consumer taste. 17
Emergence of Substitute Products: Innovation and technology can bring down demand for products, for example traditional school supplies are being replaced with innovations like the ipad and laptops. Unless a company can continuously keep up with the most recent and innovative products,
substitutes will begin to
have an affect on 3M’s
product demand.
Strengths ● ● ● ●
Sustainable and Dominant Brand Financial Reserves Presence in Digital Media Wide Services
Weaknesses ● Low Potential for Growth
Opportunities ● Market Extension Opportunity
Threats ● Economic Uncertainty ● New Regulations
Strengths: Sustainable and Dominant Brand: With their main concern of enabling the youth to experience studying, interning and gaining an adventure abroad, Student Agency is considered the top educational service in the Czech market. Additionally, in the Czech market, Student agency is the largest seller of vacation packages. Recently, They were ranked for a third consecutive year as one of the top 100 most admired Czech companies. Financial Reserves: In 2011, the revenue of Student agency increased by an amount of 8% to
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reach 1,737,865 CzK. Presence in Digital Media: With nearly 25,000 followers on Facebook, the Student Travel agency is not missing on an opportunity to expand its market. Wide Services: Children, adolescents, adults and professionals now have a choice of language stays, offering the study of 10 languages in over 30 countries, as well as work experience programs abroad. Student Agency product offerings include: -Flights
-Tickets
-Euroweekends
-Tours Around the World
-Journeys Around the World
-Travel packages
-Insurance
-Accommodation
-Car Rental
-Bus Rental
-Visas
-Language Courses and Study Abroad
-Work and Au Pair Programs
-Paths for Sport
-Journeys Culture
Weaknesses Low Potential for Growth: The Student Agency services are not any different from similar travel agencies available in Czech market which makes their service industry highly competitive. Since Student Agency is represented in a saturated market and offers such a wide range of educational services for the youth, customers have a hard time making a choice. In this area, the only differentiative that Student Agency has is their price.
Opportunities Market Extension Opportunity: Student Agency operates only in the Czech Republic and Slovak market, however expanding to Eastern European countries increases the chance of implementing
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the services they offer in new markets.
Threats Price Competition: The travel sector is flooded with many companies which offer special discounts and customized services that are tailored for the needs of students. Many companies, such as travel agencies and international companies target the same customers as Student Agency and are trying to expand into the Czech market. Competitor’s services target differentiating customer needs, and this will be the main threat if price is the ultimate, or only reason that customers turn to Student Agency. Economic Uncertainty: From an economic standpoint, Eastern European countries are growing increasingly faster than Western European countries since they are facing stagnant growth. The Travel/Leisure sector remains fragile and dependent on the financial crisis and since there is no forecast on the economic incidents that may could occur, demand for using traveling or study abroad services may not be great enough. New Regulations: Because of unpredictableness of the world, no evidence is available for the existence and occurrence of about political instability. For Student Agency, this unpredictableness can have a rough effect since traveling requirements, such as Visa applications to journey the world.
Recommendation
With the situation and data analysis conducted, the following 3 companies concludes our primary recommendations for UNICEF, in regards to a CRL partnership. Additionally, the top 10 Companies listed in the “Weighted Value Rankings of For-Profit Companies� (See index) are
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proven to also be successful CRL or CRM partnerships for UNICEF.
CRL LEGO: Possibility of Lego making an exclusive collection of UNICEF branded building blocks. 3M: UNICEF First Aid and Road Safety kit is a suitable product that fits UNICEF’s mission of children emergency’s protection and assistance. STUDENT AGENCY: The Student Agency Discount Card, presented as a UNICEF product would allow students and card holders to receive the same promotions and/or discounts.
CRM LEGO: A collaboration between UNICEF and LEGO would produce a children’s educational camp, held at “Lego-Land” or a Lego Educational Center. 3M: A kid’s Safety education camp, hosted by UNICEF with tools and services provided by 3M STUDENT AGENCY: The allocation of a bus or train which is wrapped with the logos of both Student Agency and UNICEF. Any ticket sale for the bus or train service contributes a portion of sales for UNICEF.
Conclusion Several approaches were taken to the research and evaluated companies that are willing, able, and committed to stand by UNICEF ● Identifying a for-profit partner that shares the values and similar visions of UNICEF ● Identifying a partner that can be complementing the mission of UNICEF and contribute to the goals and objectives of enforcing children’s rights
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â—? Identifying a partner company that does not have any previous act against ethics or legal allegations â—? Choosing a potential company that is financially stable and willing to cooperate with UNICEF and develop, produce and market the product.
Each company chosen will benefit from the use of UNICEF’s name. By demonstrating commitment to a specific cause like educating and developing children, the company is able to build its goodwill among the community, shareholders, employees, and consumers. It also gives them an opportunity to increase their sales in a different market. UNICEF will benefit from these partnerships by increasing awareness of their cause and also offering a different concept for consumers to make a contribution. Both companies are able to reach a whole new audience which they would never have accessed with their own limited market and advertising.
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Index
For-Profit Company Evaluation Checklist Parameters
Licensor’s Expectations
Geographic Reach
Extensive
Weight .35
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Legal Allegations
Low
.45
Financial Health
Strong
.75
Innovation
Strong
.4
Mission/Values
Strength
.75
Quality
High
.45
Product Scope
Broad
.2
Capacity
Available
.5
History
Market Success
.35
Channel Reach
Broad
.3
Corporate Social Responsibility
High
.5
Total
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Guidelines of For-Profit Company Evaluation Checklist 1 Very Low
2 Low
3 Average
4 High
5 Very High
Geographic Reach (Extensive)
Located in less than 2 countries.
Reaches a single region
Average geographic reach
Geographic reach is fairly extensive
Well-known international company
Legal Allegations (High)
Does not have legal allegations
Has had 1-2 previous legal allegations
May have legal allegations but they’re
Some legal allegations
Many known legal allegations
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neutral Financial Health (Strong)
Not financially stable
Financial health is weak
Financial health is okay or average
Strong financial health
Very strong financial health
Innovation (Strong)
Does not innovate
Innovated in the past but innovation is not a key value
Occasionally innovates
Innovates
Innovates with different strategies frequently
Mission / Values (Aligns)
Mission does not align with UNICEF
Does not share the same values
Partly shares similar mission with UNICEF
Shares most of values
Mission is compatible with UNICEF
Quality (High)
Quality is very low
Less than average quality
Average quality
Good quality
Known for their high quality
Product Scope (Broad)
Product scope is not broad
Product scope is limited
Product scope is average
Above average/ somewhat broad product scope
Very broad product scope
Capacity (Available)
Does not have any available capacity
Capacity is limited
Able to have available capacity
Has available capacity
A lot of available capacity
History (Market Success)
Does not have/has never had market success
Does not have success in market(s)
Has neutral market success
Successful in market(s)
Very successful in their market(s)
Channel Reach (Broad)
Does not reach their target audience(s)
Does not consistently reach target audience(s)
Has an average channel reach
Broadly reaches their target audience(s)
Broadly reaches target audience(s)
Corporate Social Responsibility (High)
Does not value CSR
Has low level of CSR
Has an average CSR
Cares about CSR but it is not a key CSR
Values CSR; Implemented positive initiatives (Recycling, Charitable Activities)
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Weighted Value Rankings of For-Profit Companies Potential Companies
Top 10 Companies
3M
3.98
80%
1. LEGO
LEGO
4.13
83%
2. 3M
STUDENT AGENCY
3.89
78%
3. STUDENT AGENCY
ALPINE PRO
3.47
69%
4. MATTONI WATER
SPARKY’S
3.66
73%
5. SIMBA TOYS
MATTONI WATER
3.71
74%
6. SPARKY’S
DINO TOYS
3.30
66%
7. ALPINE PRO
SIMBA TOYS
3.70
74%
8. KOHINOOR
ALBI
3.36
67%
9. GE MONEY BANK
SUN-KNIHY
3.09
62%
10. ALBI
DETOA
2.91
58%
HANNAH
2.30
46%
KOHINOOR
3.40
68%
GE MONEY BANK
3.40
68%
References
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4. "Advertising Marketing Blog." Advertising Marketing Blog. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 June 2013.<http://advertisingmarketing.wordpress.com/2010/02/02/lego-consumer-marketingcampaign-promotions/>. 5. "ALBI - Malý Dárek Pro Velkou Radost | Albi - Malý Dárek Pro Velkou Radost." ALBI - Malý Dárek Pro Velkou Radost | Albi - Malý Dárek Pro Velkou Radost. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 June 2013. <http://www.albi.cz/>. 6. Canalichio, Pete. "FREE Video Mini-Course Teaches You How to Lasso the World's Greatest Brands." Brand Licensing Expert. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 June 2013. <http://brandlicensingexpert.com/>. 7. "Central- European Economics Watch." Top 10 Czech Companies. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 June 2013. <http://ce-economics.blogspot.com/2008/08/top-10-czechcompanies_25.html>. 8. "Chci. Můžu. Prostě Musìm. HANNAH - Homepage." Chci. Můžu. Prostě Musìm. HANNAH - Homepage. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 June 2013. <http://www.hannah.cz/>. 9. "CONTACTLESS CARDS." Personal Finance. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 June 2013. <https://www.gemoney.cz/en/personal>. 10. "Czech Republic." Economy: Population, GDP, Inflation, Business, Trade, FDI, Corruption. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 June 2013. <http://www.heritage.org/index/country/czechrepublic>. 11. "Detoa - Wooden and Creative Play Toys." Detoa - Wooden and Creative Play Toys. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 June 2013. <http://www.eurotoyshop.com/EuropeanToys/CzechRepublic/Detoa-Wooden-Toys-Theaters.asp>.
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