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fuzziness The word ‘fuzziness’ describes a spatial condition where there’s an indistinct yet luminous atmosphere achieved by the interaction between different lighting strategies and materials. In Louis Kahn’s buildings, it is conveyed by the atrium and concrete walls, which serves as architectural metaphor and mystery; in James Turrell’s artworks with LEDs or skylights and enclosed walls, it becomes more of an illusion; in Alvaro Siza ‘s architecture, interplay between side/top lighting and reflective white walls creates sublime religious and spiritual experience. In these works, untouchable light meets the touchable material, and the two architectural elements being combined, magically introduce nuanced “fuzzy space” for diverse perceptive experience. Inspired by these precedents, my portfolio concentrates on how this quality of ‘fuzziness’ in space could be introduced to healthcare, sustainability and human perception.


01 crafting light

architectural design academic / individual work

02 white forest

architectural design academic / group work

03 translucency/transparency architectural design academic / group work



01 crafting light

arch 202 option studio | UC Berkeley | Spring 2020 academic/individual work instructor: Raveevarn Chokosombatchai(rloom@berkeley.edu) Luisa Caldas(lcaldas@berkeley.edu) site: Berkeley, CA

The goal of this project is to explore a special top lighting strategy and its variations for a sensory healing place for children with autism spectrum disorder. For example, in one of the programs for the project, in a hot healing pool an inverted table hung in the ceiling introduced diffused light and highly reflective concrete walls bounced the natural light to create a bright yet softly lit space for patients to meditate and relax while in the pool. In addition, the center is intended to explore innovative continuum of care and to unlock each individual’s full potential for lifelong learning and fulfillment with a focus on life skills and job training, together with sensory healing. The center is intended to create synergies between special education and innovative research program in Autistic Spectrum Disorder while providing points of interactions with the surrounding community, specifically UC Berkeley Campus and the Bay Area at large.


precedent study

galicia center for contemporary art by Alvaro Siza

Inspired by Alvaro Siza’s design to create a wonderful diffused light environment, especially the inverted table design to diffuse light, this project explores light quality it and its variations create in different programs. The diffused light environment relies on the interaction between the skylight, walls and the table device, designed in consideration of its height from the floor, the width, length and the material. Thus, the precedent study explores different light qualities in a (20 x 20 ft) standard box with nuanced dimensions and materials of the table and the skylight.

standard

double height

triple height

skylight size skylight size

table size table size

table height table reflection rate

table reflection rate wall reflection rate

wall reflection rate

desirable combinations

table aperture

desirable combinations


variations from the precedent

original design direct light environment

target illuminance: bright (> 500 lux)

diffuse light environment

target illuminance: soft (100 - 300 lux)

variations double height spaces with the occupiable table occupiable table

occupiable table with an aperture

target illuminance: soft (100 - 300 lux)

target illuminance: normal (300 - 500 lux)

variations triple height spaces with the occupiable table occupiable table

occupiable table with an aperture

target illuminance: dim (< 100 lux)

target illuminance: soft (100 - 300 lux)


design strategy In order to create a diffuse light environment in the interior, the special top lighting strategy is combined with several normal top/side lighting strategies. For example, in the site, the big triangular volume is cut out to form a large atrium. Shear walls, acting as shading devices, with tall narrow openings on the facades are for side lighting. On the roof, several small skylights indicate the openings for inverted table devices. Programs in the building are classified into 4 categories according to different illuminance targets. Aside from top lighting, some programs are mixed with different side lighting strategies to make up for the additional light requirements. Specifically, the ratios - (% glass area / floor area) are carefully calculated to ensure the areas of glass each program needs.

concept evolution

bas relief of site oblique (9.a.m in summer)

south facade facing Durant Avenue (12.p.m in summer)


programs with target illuminance ranges


normal light environment (300 - 500 lux)

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first floor 12. p.m in summer 1 vocational training room 2 music practice room 3 quiet room 4 music therapy room 5 public theater 6 kitchen

1 vocational training room I 1 vocational training room II light type: mix light light type: mix light strategy: side lighting strategy: side lighting soft light environment (100 -300 lux)

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2 music practice room light type: diffuse light strategy: side lighting 6

dim light environment (< 100 lux)

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3 quiet room light type: diffuse light strategy: side lighting

4 music therapy room light type: diffuse light strategy: side lighting

5 public theater light type: mix light strategy: mixed

6 kitchen light type: mix light strategy: mixed

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Durant Avenue

normal light environment (300 - 500 lux)

bancroft way 1

second floor 12. p.m in summer

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1 vocational training room 2 music practice room 3 quiet room 4 music therapy room 5 public theater 6 kitchen

1 cafeteria light type: mix light strategy: side lighting

2 changing + locker light type: mix light strategy: mixed

soft light environment (100 -300 lux) 3

2

3 quiet room light type: diffuse light strategy: top lighting

dim light environment (< 100 lux) 4

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Durant Avenue

4 hot healing pool light type: diffuse light strategy: top lighting

5 cool healing pool light type: mix light strategy: mixed


the atrium 12.p.m in summer The atrium is a space taking up five floors for direct light. It is also the main light source to light up the whole building, especially for the basement floor, where some dim light spaces can obtain additonal light. The atrium also helps stack ventilation for the building.


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third floor 12. p.m in summer

normal light environment (300 - 500 lux)

1 clinic room 2 lounge room 3 gallery 4 art studio

1 clinic room light type: mix light strategy: side lighting

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2 lounge room light type: mix light strategy: side lighting

soft light environment (100 - 300 lux)

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1

3 gallery light type: mix light strategy: mixed

4 art studio light type: mix light strategy: mixed

normal light environment (300 - 500 lux)

fourth floor 12. p.m in summer 1 changing room for studio 2 office 3 lounge room for staff 4 public community room 5 open community room

1 changing room for studio light type: diffuse light strategy: side lighting

2 office light type: diffuse light strategy: side lighting

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3 lounge room for staff light type: diffuse light strategy: side lighting

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bright light environment (> 500 lux) 5

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4 public community room light type: direct light strategy: top lighting

5 open community room light type: direct light strategy: top lighting


the cool healing pool 12.p.m in summer The cool healing pool is a triple height space with an inverted table in the ceiling to diffuse light. Due to high reflections of walls and the table, the bounced natural light forms a light pattern surrounding the table.


light quality in sections 1 public theater 2 cafeteria 3 art studio 4 changing room for art studio 5 quiet room 6 music practice room 7 music practice room

The section perspective shows the programs around the light well and their light qualities according to the time during the day. We can clearly see the transition from dim light to bright light in a building with soft and normal light environment in the middle. In addition, light patterns during the day are nuanced. In typical time (9. a.m, 12. a.m, 15.a m) differnt programs present their best light qualities respectively.

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short section through area of light well 15. p.m in summer

public theater with sufficient diffuse light 9. p.m in summer

bright light well 12. p.m in summer

quiet room with decent diffuse light 15. p.m in summer


the quiet room 15.p.m in summer The quiet room is a space taking up four floors. With an opening on the top, people will experience different light patterns in different time.


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section bas-relief through healing pool area 12. p.m in summer 1 gallery 2 changing room for man 3 changing room for women 4 kitchen 5 open community room for staff 6 hot healing pool 7 public community room 8 cool healing pool 9 vocational training room

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section bas-relief through art studio 12. p.m in summer 1 art studio 2 cafeteria 3 reception area 4 music therapy room 5 quiet room

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the hot healing pool 12.p.m in summer The hot healing pool is a triple height space with an inverted table on the ceiling to diffuse light as well. Due to high reflections of walls and the table, the light forms a light pattern surrounding the table. With the help of vapors, the space is really soft and bright without seeing sharp outlines.



02 white forest

arch 249 special topics in the physical environment | UC Berkeley | Fall 2020 Xin Zhou, Virginia Wong(MLA), Clare Witri(MLA) instructor: Luisa Caldas(lcaldas@berkeley.edu) site: San Francisco, CA role: cell structures analysis and tranformation into design process daylighting strategies, especially tube cluster and density analysis material research, visualization and diagrams interior spaces design iteratively according to simulations all the renderings for exterior and interior ventilation strategy research, design and diagrams

The goal of this project is to create a light condenser that allows visitors to get exposed to high light levels that our biology requires for circadian health. In the design, the aggregation of tubs with different densities, materials and sizes enables various levels of light penetration into the interior. The winter space (facing south) consists of larger tubes hanging off of the ceiling with more transparent material, which visitors will experience direct sunlight that can warm up the space despite the low temperature outside. The summer space (facing north), on the other side, receives only diffuse light by using less transparent material and denser aggregation of tubes. The finer tubes at eye-level provide a new experience to visitors. The material used creates layers that visitors might get lost and redirected.


design strategy Inspired by the cell organization and structure from plants, tube clusters with density are used to imitate the cell structure and as top lighting strategies on the roof. Tubes are shading devices to provide different light environments according to the material and density gradient. material gradient

pure glass

PMMA visual transmittance: 85% visual transmissivity: 92%

PMMA visual transmittance: 66% visual transmissivity: 61%

PMMA visual transmittance: 62% visual transmissivity: 53%

transparency

fiber reflectance: rho = 0.2

opaque

functions

structure

shading device/light

shading device/ventilation

seats

flowy fiber

cluster types

selected type

cluster density

height differences of the cluster according to density and material gradient

fibers at the perimeter

The analysis and drawings on this whole page are credited to Xin Zhou.


design evolution

a standard box(L:150ft, W:100ft, H:60ft)

partition in the middle

partition in the summer space

density and material gradient

boolean operation

occupiable spaces

material gradient in elevation winter space

PMMA visual transmittance: 85% visual transmissivity: 92%

summer space

PMMA visual transmittance: 66% visual transmissivity: 61%

PMMA and fiber visual transmittance: 62% visual transmissivity: 53% translucency

transparency

perspective view: 9:00 a.m/6.21


design strategy Due to boolean operations, the interior spaces are complicated yet interesting. Thus, plans on different heights are dynamic, fluid and different. The winter space is closed off and the summer space is open. The glass in the middle with an entrance door divides two spaces and also hides the door so that it will not be pronunced. Because the winter space is covered by glass, which forms green effect, ventilation is really important. We designed glass louvers at the bottom of the south facade and operable windows on the roof as a stack ventilation strategy to enable air flow. For the furniture, different from tubes going downwards from the roof, seats are inversely growing from the ground to keep the same formal language.

The exploded diagrams on the left are credited to Clare Ai Witri and the drawings on the right page are credited to Xin Zhou.


circulation on the ground floor

ventilation

site plan

summer space from the outside: 12:00 p.m/6.21


simulation

9 - points illuminance matrix 9. a.m

12. p.m

16. p.m

6.21

9.21

12.21

useful daylight illuminance (500 - 30000 lux)

500 lux 94.19% of time occupied

750 lux 92.32% of time occupied

1000 lux 89.93% of time occupied

3000 lux 67.86% of time occupied

15000 lux 30.87% of time occupied

20000 lux 26.52% of time occupied

25000 lux 22.73% of time occupied

30000 lux 19.13% of time occupied

daylight factor with different bins for summer space

for winter space

5000 lux 53.55% of time occupied

10000 lux 37.46% of time occupied

9 -points illuminance matrix is for winter space with direct sunlight. In the rendering, we can clearly see different light patterns according to different time. In addition, we used UDI simulation to see if the light condenser could meet high-level sunlight requirement at different bins. It is surprising that even if in the range between 15000 - 30000 lux, the occupied time can still maintain 20% in average, which is satisfactory. In daylight factor sumulations, we used different scale to see the values in the summer space and the winter space respectively. The result is desirable that mean daylight factor is around 3-5 in the summer space with diffused light.

UDI and DF Simulations are credited to Clare Ai Witri and Virginia Wong. 9 - point illuminance matrix is credited to Xin Zhou.


space quality

the winter space/12. p.m/12.21

the summer space/15. p.m/6.21

Renderings are credited to Xin Zhou.



03 translucency/transparency

arch 203 integrated studio | UC Berkeley | Fall 2020 Xin Zhou, Claire Jang instructor: Roddy Creedon(creedon@berkeley.edu) site: San Francisco, CA role: material research, visualization and diagrams the massing study, design evolutions and modelling interior and exterior renderings section perspective modelling and visualization mechanical and structure system analysis lighting and ventilation strategies

The goal of this project is to create an open space that percolates to its urban surrounding, a space that draws civic engagement by announcing the communal activities that take place within. Externally, the project uses transparency and translucency to make spaces seen, unseen, or in-between. The seen activities such as basketball courts, exercise rooms, and gallery are transparent; the unseen activities like locker rooms, restrooms, clinic and office areas are translucent; and operable multi-use spaces are in a transitional state between the two. Internally, the main stair acts as an element that link users across various programs, uniting scattered volumes into a sequential experience.


material research white concrete

marble

reflective panel

mesh

perforated panel

frost glass

channel glass

mesh

perforated panel

frost glass

channel glass

low reflection glass

concept evolution

reflective concrete

high reflection kapilux

natural light

transparency glass

translucency kapilux

artificial light

transparency

translucency

mas

seen space unseen space in-between space seen space for public seen space for stairs


ssing study

c

material gradient The primary interest is how gradient of translucency could be assigned to programming, in order to show different degrees of visibility. Thus, several glass or mixed materials are investigated according to their physical properties. We used rendering method to look at their effects during the day and at night when artificial light is on. In addition, we also researched on opaque materials and their reflection gradient, which are really important in forming interior spaces.

design strategy The primary ways we tried to manifest these interests in the project are developing vocabularies of seen, unseen and in-between space by different gradient of translucency and using stair as an element to unit these spaces into a sequential experience. The seen spaces are all double height spaces scattered in the building and unseen spaces are single height. In order to engage with the public, we also have a street basketball court for civic use.

Material research, massing study and rendering are credited to Xin Zhou. Design evolution is credited to Claire Jang.


site analysis The project is called municipal condenser, a multi-program urban building in San Francisco that is a hybrid of various municipal infrastructure projects that are typically undertaken as discrete programs and independent buildings. Broadly, these programs include recreation and athletic programs, community health and welfare programs, and arts and education programs. The site is an empty lot on the West side of Brady Street, between Stevenson and Colton Street. Brady Street is a small alley within the area identified as “the hub� by the SF Planning Department, but is currently disassociated from any of the neighborhoods that surround it. Thus, the goal of the design is to create an public space that connects to its urban surrounding, a space that draws civic engagement by announcing the communal activities that take place within.

site oblique rendering is credited to Claire Jang

street perspective rendering during the day is cerdited to Xin Zhou


mechanical system

duct system sprinkler system radiation floor system

structure system

column and beam system bracing sytem for lateral force truss system for two courts

in - between space

small and large classrooms with bi-fold doors in the interior and casement window at the perimeter

seen space

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double height spaces 1 basketball court (5F) 2 exercising room (3F) 3 gallery (2F) 4 lobby (1F) 5 street basketball court (1F) 6 light well

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unseen space

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single height spaces 1 locker + changing room (5F) 2 yoga room (3F) 3 clinic (2F) 4 office (2F)

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The drawing on this page is credited to Xin Zhou.


first floor 1 lobby area 2 big open stair 3 street basketball court 4 egress stair 5 loading dock 6 service room 7 mechanical room 8 restroom 9 elevator

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basketball court

The plan drawings are credited to Claire Jan


second floor 1

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t on the top floor

ng and the rendering is credited to Xin Zhou.

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1 gallery 2 small balcony 3 egress stair 4 office 5 big open stair 6 restroom 7 elevator 8 screening room 9 waiting area in clinic 10 clinic office 11 small balcony 12 storage room 13 restroom in clinic


third floor

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1 big open stair 2 yoga room 3 stair in the light well 4 small classroom 5 exercising room

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locker + cha

The plan drawings are credited to Claire Jan


anging room

ng and the rendering is credited to Xin Zhou.

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fourth floor 1 big classroom 2 small classroom 3 small classroom 4 mutiuse room 5 stair in the light well 6 mezzanine of the exercising room

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1 lobby 2 street basketball court 3 gallery 4 open stairs 5 screening room 6 exercising room 7 small classroom 8 changing + locker 9 basketball court

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1 roof garden 2 light well 3 locker + changing 4 small classroom 5 small classroom 6 screening room 7 street basketball court

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section A-A

section B-B

The section drawings are credited to Claire Jang and th

section perspective

duct system stair access the roof mesh ceiling

changing room ceiling structure reflective aluminum panel sprinkler system casement window small classroom bi-fold doors furniture rear stair with color gradient fixture mesh ceiling structure for stairs 3� metal deck protected beam system channel glass

radiation floor system truss basketball hoop mesh panel on the wall

elevator


A

C

B

A

ventilation and shading strategies 1

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C

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1 basketball court 2 multiuse room 3 small classroom 4 yoga room 5 office 6 gallerry 7 mechanical room 8 lobby

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section C-C

he section perspective rendering is credited to Xin Zhou.

perforated panel

pure glass operable glass window

translucent casement window

translucent gardrail

Apart from cross ventilation horizontally, the light well is the main vent for stack ventilation. Top floor basketball is also using stack ventilation stategy with big openings on the roof. The skylight lights up the space through these reflective surfaces to create a diffuse light environment. Similarly, For seen space with double height space, such as gallery ,we have perforated metals on the outside as shading devices to avoid direct sunlight.


Work in collaboration with Claire Jang for th


he drawings and Claire Jang finshed for final.

building system

translucency gradient on the facade

unseen clinic space

in - between multiuse space

seen gallery


9 points illumi 9. a.m

12. p

6.21

9.21

12.21

Interior spaces enrich different levels of transluce like the light well area, the ceiling is covered wi system in the ceiling, whereas for unseen space lik everything. In addition to polycarbonate materia provide more gradie

light

The rendering and 9-point illumian


inance matrix

p.m

16. p.m

ency by adding more materials. For seen program ith mesh so that people can see the mechanical ke locker room, the opaque reflective panels hide al, frost glass in locker and channel glass for clinic ent for translucency.

well

nce matrix are credited to Xin Zhou.



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