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6. PIOUS PEOPLE’S DU‘Ā (SUPPLICATION) IN THE QUR’ĀN (5) Among the pious people’s dua (supplication) mentioned in the Qur’ān are: g. the people of later generation. g. the dua of people of later generation. After the migration of the Prophet and his followers from Makkah to Madinah, the Muslims were divided into three categories: 1. the Muhājirīn (the emigrants), the Anṣār (lit. “the helpers”, the people of Madinah who helped the Prophet and the emigrants), 3. the people who came after them. The Muhājirīn were the inhabitants of Makkah who had converted to Islam and emigrated to Madinah before the conquest of Makkah, to avoid persecution of the Makkan pagans. Allah praised them when He said: ُ َِ ينِالَّذ َِ لِم ِن ِ ً ْونِ َفض َِ ار ِه ِْمِ َوأَمْ َوال ِِه ِْمِ َي ْب َت ُغ َِ ل ِْلفُ َق َرا ِِءِ ْال ُم َها ِج ِر ِ ِينِأ ْخ ِرجُواِمِنِِْ ِد َي .)8:ونِ(الحشر َِ ُكِ ُه ُِمِالصَّا ِدق َِ ّللاِ َو َرسُولَ ُِهِأُولَ ِئ ََِّ ُِون َِ صر ُ ّللاِ َو ِرضْ َوا ًناِ َو َي ْن َِِّ (And there is also a share in the booty)1 for the poor emigrants, who were expelled from their homes and their property, seeking the bounties from Allah and (His) good pleasure, and helping Allah and His Messenger. Such are indeed the truthful. (Q. 59:8) The Anṣār were the Muslims of Madinah who welcomed and helped the Muhājirīn. They competed among themselves in taking 1
The fay’ (booty without fighting) was taken from the Jewish tribe Banī ‘l-Naḍīr who tried to kill the Prophet when he came to them in order to get rid of him and to avoid paying blood money demanded by the Prophet. The Prophet gave them an ultimatum to leave the Madinah within ten days. The leader of the hypocrites of Madinah, ‘Abdullah ibn Ubayy, told them that he and his people were on their side, and advised them not to leave their houses, but to protect themselves in their fortresses. The Prophet and his army sieged their fortress. Finally, they surrendered, and were allowed to leave and to take whatever they could except weapons. With 600 camels fully loaded, they set out for Khaybar. What was left behind became the spoils of war to be divided among the Muhājirīn, while the Anṣār, out of their sympathy with the Muhājirīn, did not want to take any share from the booty. This took place in 4 A.H.