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Hazrat Abu Bakr
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q THE GREATEST MAN TO WALK THIS EARTH 2-7 q SECONDARY SCHOOL & TAILORING 8 q WORD SEARCH 9 q QUESTION & ANSWERS 10-11 q OBJECTION & REBUTTAL 12
“When they both were in the cave and when he said to his companion, “Grieve not, no doubt Almighty Allah is with us.” Surah AT-TAWBAH 9:40
“Whosoever I invited to Islam, he said no to it, except for Ibne Abi Quhafa (Abu Bakr Radiallahu Anhu), as soon as I invited him to Islam, he accepted immediately and remained steadfast upon it.”
THE GREATEST MAN TO WALK THIS EARTH AFTER THE PROPHETS ALAIHIMUS SALAAM
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THE GREATEST MAN TO WALK THIS EARTH AFTER THE PROPHETS ALAIHIMUS SALAAM Introduction
By Nabeel Hanif Ismail (Servant of the Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaat)
All praise is due to Almighty Allah, Peace, Blessings and Salutations upon the greatest of Allah’s creation, Nabi Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, His family and all the companions. I felt it very important that we discuss the greatest man to walk this earth after the Prophets Alaihimus Salaam, as he has many unmatchable qualities which need to be known by the Ummah and as mentioned in the Hadeeth, it is necessary to thank and love this great personality.
The Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has stated, “It is WAAJIB upon my Ummah to thank and keep on loving Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu.”
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We will not be able to do him justice in a few pages but we will highlight important aspects of his life so that we may take lesson from this and carry it out in our lives.
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
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• • • • • • • • • • • •
Name: Abdullah Kuniyyah (Patronymic): Abu Bakr Appellations (Laqab): Siddeeq & Ateeq Father’s name: Othman & Kunniyah: Abu Quhafa Mother’s name: Salma & Kuniyyah: Ummul Khair Llineage: The Chain of lineage meets the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam’s lineage seven generations prior to him with Murrah Ibne Ka’ab Birth: Approximately two and a half years after the event of the elephant (Al – Feel) Place of Birth: Makkatul Mukarramah Date of departure from this world: 22nd Jamadiul Aakhir 13AH Buried at: on the blessed area besides the Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam in Madeenatul Munawwarah Number of years physically lived in this world: 63 years Number of years ruled as Khalifa (Caliph of Islam): 2 years and approximately 2 months
THE FIRST MAN TO ACCEPT ISLAM The Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has stated, “Whosoever I invited to Islam, he said no to it, except for Ibne Abi Quhafa (Abu Bakr Radiallahu Anhu), as soon as I invited him to Islam, he accepted immediately and remained steadfast upon it.”
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THE MIGRATION It has been stated in the Quraan:
When they both were in the cave and when he said to his companion, “Grieve not, no doubt Almighty Allah is with us”. (9:40) Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu for the pleasure of Allah and his Beloved Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam left his family and migrated with the Beloved Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam and stayed with him. All the Ulama have agreed that; after accepting Islam till the Beloved Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam physically left from this world, Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu was always in the company of the Beloved Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. He was also in his blessed company whilst travelling. In the event of Hajj and one of the battles; he was unable to stay in his company but this was also with the permission of the Beloved Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. Other than that he was always in his company.
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GENEROSITY & SPENDING FOR ISLAM Generosity was one great quality of this personality and it has to be highlighted. In today’s time we fail to even disperse our ZAKAAT correctly which is FARD (COMPULSORY) upon us, then the thought of LILLAH is surely distant from us. Remember that Lillah is for the pleasure of Almighty Allah and we really have to take heed from this personality.
Hazrat Abu Hurairah Radiallahu Anhu has narrated that the Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam stated, “No one’s wealth has benefited me as much as Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu’s wealth.”
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Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu cried and commented upon that saying of the Beloved Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, “My wealth and my heart both belong to the Beloved Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.” It is narrated by Ibne Umar, “The day Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu came into Islam, he had forty thousand Dirham and after he migrated and came to Madina, he only had five thousand Dirham remaining. He spent the other thirty five thousand in freeing the Muslims and helping Islam. It is narrated by Hazrat Aisha Radiallahu Anha; Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu freed seven Muslims whom used to get punished severely by their master due to their acceptance of Islam. Lilongwe Shopping Mall, Nr. Airtel office
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HAZRAT UMAR RADIALLAHU ANHU’S THOUGHT OF SUPERSEDING HAZRAT ABU BAKR RADIALLAHU ANHU Hazrat Umar Radi Allahu Anhu states:
We had been commanded from the court of the Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam to give charity i.e. spend some of our wealth in the path of Almighty Allah. I had made the intention in my heart that today I will give more charity than Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu in the path of Almighty Allah. Therefore I took my wealth and went to the court of the Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam asked me; “How much wealth did you leave for your family?” I said, “I have left half of my wealth for my family.” In that period, Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu came with his wealth. The Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam asked him how much wealth he left for his family. Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu said in his answer, “For them Allah and His Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam are enough.” Hazrat Umar Radi Allahu Anhu said, “At that point of time I had decided in my heart I will not be able to be ahead of Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu in any matter.” (Abu Daud and Tirmidhi) We fail to compete in good acts in this worldly life, instead we have given preference to the materialistic things to compete with our friends. These materialistic things will give no benefit to us but charity and acts of virtue will surely benefit us in this world and the hereafter.
THE CALIPHATE (KHILAFAT) OF ABU BAKR SIDDIQ RADIALLAHU ANHU & HIERARCHY According to the belief of the Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaat; Hazrat Abu Bakr Radiallahu Anhu is the first caliph of Islam. It is evident through many narrations but a few have been presented below to prove this. The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has said: “The Imaam should be the one with the greatest Quraanic knowledge.” The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has also mentioned in another Hadeeth; “Whichever Nation Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu is in, no one should make Imaamat besides him.” (Tirmidhi) Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu had the most Quraanic knowledge, that’s the reason why the Beloved Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam had made him the Imaam in Salaah of the Sahaaba (Companions).
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The Ulama of Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaat have agreed to the fact that after the Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, the following is the ranking of excellence above all the people in the Ummah of the Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam: 1 Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu holds the most excellence above all people after the Prophets Alaihimus Salaam, thereafter: 2 Hazrat Umar Radiallahu Anhu 3 Hazrat Uthmaan Radiallahu Anhu 4 Hazrat Ali Radiallahu Anhu 5 The remaining (6 Companions) of Ashara Mubashara (the 10 Companions given the glad tidings of Jannah (paradise) in this world). 6 The remaining Companions of the battle of Badr, 7 The remaining Companions of the battle of Uhud, 8 The companions of Bayatur Ridhwaan, 9 All the other Sahaba (Companions) hold excellence after the abovementioned upon all the people.
The Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has stated; “Apart from the Ambiya Alaihimus Salaam, there is no one upon whom the sun has risen and set greater than Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu.” (There is no one greater than him after the Ambiya Alaihimus Salaam). (Abu Daud) The Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has stated: “In every Ummah of every Nabi, there are a few special people. In my Ummah; The special people are Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu, and Hazrat Umar Radiallahu Anhu. “One woman came in the court of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam stated, “come again.” That woman said, “what if I come again and don’t find you? The prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam stated; “If you don’t find me then you should go to Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu.” Ibne Umar Radi Allahu Anhu has mentioned that the oath of allegiance was given on the same day of the demise of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam to Hazrat Abu Bakr Radiallahu Anhu, which was the twelfth (12th) of Rabi-ul-Awwal, Monday, 11 AH.
STEADFASTNESS ON IMAAN & ISLAM It has been narrated that in the Battle of Badr, Abdur Rahman Ibne Abi Bakr (the son of Abu Bakr Radiallahu Anhu) was with the Non-Muslims.
After accepting Islam, He said to his father (Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu), you came in my range many times on the day of Badr, I ignored you and did not kill you. After listening to this, Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu said, “If you came into my range, I would not only look at you, but I would kill you.”
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ALL ACTS OF VIRTUE The following Hadeeth has been mentioned in this article so that we may learn that these are the qualities which we must strive to instill into ourselves. The Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam asked the companions; “Who has fasted today?” Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu replied “I’m fasting today.” “Who fed the poor today?” Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu replied, “I fed.” Then the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam asked; “Who visited the sick today?” Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu replied “I visited.” Upon hearing these answers, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said; Whosoever has such good qualities, he is surely a Jannati. (one who will enter paradise). May Almighty Allah guide us to instill these acts of virtues in ourselves.
THE SUPERIORITIES OF HAZRAT ABU BAKR SIDDIQ RADIALLAHU ANHU These are only a few major ones, which have been highlighted: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
He was the first man to accept Islam. His name was As Siddeeq (a name that no one else possessed before him). He resided with the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam in the cave of Thaur. He accompanied the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam during the Migration. He was the first to be called Khalifa. He was the first person to become a khalifa during the lifetime of his father. He was commanded by the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam to lead the Prayers. Four generations from his household were blessed to be the Companions of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam: • • • •
Hazrat Abu Quhafa Radiallahu Anhu (the father of Abu Bakr Radiallahu Anhu) Hazrat Abu Bakr Radiallahu Anhu (himself) Hazrat Abdul Rahman (the son of Abu Bakr Radiallahu Anhu) Hazrat Abu Ateeq Muhammad (the grandson of Abu Bakr Radiallahu Anhu)
SIMPLICITY Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu stated to Hazrat Aisha Radiallahu Anha in his last moments, “O daughter! You should wash these two used clothes of mine and shroud me. Your father is not a unique person. Status and ridicule have no connection with the quality of the shroud.”
THE TESTAMENT
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“Bismillahir Rahmanir Raheem” This is a testament which Abu Bakr Bin Abi Quhaufa Radi Allahu Anhu ordered to be written at the time of leaving this world. This is the time in which: • A non-Muslim accepts Islam, • A liar starts speaking the truth, • A sinner and debauched person wants to gain the light of the truth. People! I have appointed Umar Radi Allahu Anhu as the khalifa after me. Listen and act upon his commands and rulings. I have served you people to the best of my ability. As far as possible I did not leave any minute in which I did not work for your goodness! I have faith that he (Hazrat Umar) will work with justice. If he works with justice then it will be according to my thoughts. If he changes, everyone will be answerable for what they have done. Therefore I have intended for your goodness, I do not have knowledge on the unseen, the opressors will surely know towards where they are going to return. WASSALAMU ALAIKUM WARAHMATULLAHI WABARAKAATUHU He then sealed the testament and gave it to Hazrat Uthmaan and Hazrat uthmaan took it and went. The people took oath of alligience by Hazrat Umar Radi Allahu Anhu with happiness.
PASSING AWAY FROM THIS WORLD Hazrat Aisha Siddiqa Radiallahu Anha states; “The starting of the sickness of my father was on the 7th of Jamadiul Aakhir Monday, my father had a ghusl (bath) and that day it was very cold. Therefore he caught a fever and remained sick for fifteen days. He was not able to go out and read Salaah due to this sickness. Due to the same fever he left this world on Sunday, 22th Jamadiul Aakhir at the age of 63.
SALATUL JANAAZAH Hazrat Umar Radi Allahu Anhu performed Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu’s Salaatul Janaazah between his grave and Mimbar and he said four Takbeers in it.
BURIAL It is narrated by Urwaah and Qaasim Bin Muhammad, Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu willed to be buried beside the Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. Therefore when he left this world, the grave was dug for him and his head was kept parallel to the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam’s shoulder and the length of his grave was kept at the same length as the blessed Rauda of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. It is narrated by Ibne Umar that Hazrat Talha, Hazrat Uthmaan and Hazrat Abdur Rahman bin Abi Bakr Radi Allahu Anhum Ajmaeen lowered Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi Allahu Anhu in his grave. It is proven from numerous narrations that he was buried in the same night he left this world.
The information compiled above has been taken from Tareekhul Khulafa and Khutbaate Muharram (Madeena to Karbala). I ask Almighty Allah to forgive me for any mistakes in the article and may Almighty Allah guide us to take lesson from the blessed Companions of the Beloved Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.
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AIMS & OBJECTIVES • ASF Secondary School aims at providing the ALIM course running concurrently with School education. The School is certified by the government and we will be writing MALAWI NATIONAL EXAMINATION BOARD (MANEB) EXAMS Inshaa Allah. • In this school we are targeting all the under privileged who cannot afford QUALITY SCHOOL EDUCATON. We want to assure that these students do not remain deprived from education as education is the key to success. • At the end of the four year course, we strive to produce Alims who have adequate knowledge to propagate ISLAM in Malawi, especially in the rural areas. • ASF Tailoring Center aims at assisting the widows and other ladies with the skill of tailoring through which they can assist themselves towards a sustainable income. • In this tailoring program; we have incorporated Islamic studies to assure that these ladies can complete the course with adequate Islamic knowledge to lead a good life and they know how to read the QURAAN correctly. • At the end of the course, each lady which qualifies shall be assisted with a machine so that they can practice the skill which they have learnt.
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Word Search
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Find the bold words R P A I N F U L B L D N O M 1.
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D E S D R A W N T L M A F I
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If anyone removes something painful from the Masjid, Allah will make a house for him in the Heaven. If a person is in the shade and the shade is drawn together, whereby he is partially in the shade and partially under the sun, then he should not sit there any longer. If a high status is predestined for a person in the knowledge of Allah, but the person is unable to acquire that status by his deeds, so Allah makes that person suffer financial, physical or family difficulty. He then blesses that person with patience and makes him reach that high status which was predestined for him in the divine knowledge. If anyone dies at the end of Ramadan he will enter Heaven; if anyone dies at the end of the day of Arafah (9th Dhul-Hijjah) he will enter Heaven too, if anyone dies whilst donating (in the path of Allah) he will also enter Heaven. If anyone spends (money) in the path of Allah every dirham he spends will be equivalent to seven hundred dirhams and every dinar will be equivalent to seven hundred dinars; and fasting is for Allah, no one except Him knows its reward. If anyone eats seven Ajwah dates in the morning (before eating anything else) he will remain safe from magic and poison that day. If anyone lays a false blame on a Muslim, Allah will keep him in Radghat al-Khabal (the part of Hell where
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the blood and pus of Hell-dwellers accumulate) until he is relieved of (the harm of) what he said. If anyone dies in the state of fast, Allah will bless him with the reward of fasting until the Day of Judgement. If anyone of you gets fever, sprinkle cold water on him in the morning for 3 days. To perform 2 Raka’ats after performing Miswak is more exalted than 70 Raka’ats which is performed without performing Miswak. If the world in its entirety was in the hands of a man from my Ummah and he was then to say “AlHamdulillah”, the “AlHamdulillah” would be better than all of that. There is two folds reward for that person who performs proper Wudu in intense cold weather. One who performs his morning prayer (Fajr) is in the Divine Protection of Allah until evening. My Ummah will be summoned on the Day of Qiyaamat in a condition whereby their faces, hands and feet will be glowing from the vestiges of Wudu, thus whosoever of you has the ability to do so, should increase this glow.’ (i.e by making Wudu numerous time) It is Sunnah for you to walk your guest to the door, when he is departing.
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Assalamualaikum Hazrath, I have got a job in Saudi. My question is all masjids in Saudi are Bad Aqeedah and Wahabis, so how can we perform our Salaah, especially the Jummah Salah? 2 Agar maloom nahi k imaam sunni hai aur jamaat shuru hone wali to aise halaat kya karen (Translation - If one does not know if the Imaam is Sunni and the Jama’ah is about to start, what should one do in this situation?) Wa Alaykum Al-Salam Al-Jawaab: The Saudi Government rules under
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article or edict but they have failed to do so because Allah has protected it and may Allah continue to protect it for it is the centre of our faith. In Radd Al-Muhtaar, Imaam Ibn Abideen Al-Shaami has written a chapter regarding the followers of Muahmmad Ibn Abd Al-Wahhab Najdi and has regarded them as traitors of Islam and also called them Khawaarij.
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He then writes, “The followers of Abd Al-Wahhab have appeared in our time who the ‘Wahabiyah’ sect in Islam. This is a have come from Najd. They have sect which has caused havoc amongst taken both the Haram (Makkah the Muslims since their existence Mukarramah and Madeenah and continues to do so. Many laymen Munawwarah) and they impersonate from amongst the Muslims have been the Hanbali School. However, they misled, misguided and radicalised to believe that only they are Muslims violent and non-violent extremism and whosoever opposes their beliefs through their false banner of Tawheed is a Mushrik. With this, they legalised (monotheism). Their heretical beliefs are the killing of the Ahl Al-Sunnah and a disgrace to Islam. their Scholars.” This sect came into existence in the year 1209 Hijri under the leadership Muhammad Ibn Abd Al-Wahhab of its founder Muhammad Ibn Abd Najdi, himself said, Al-Wahhab Najdi. He spread many misguidances throughout the whole of “The holy and eminent grave is an the Arab world, especially throughout idol and a false god in all meanings of Haramayn Shareefayn. Under his idolatry, only if the people realised.” command and leadership, they This can be found in the footnotes heartlessly slaughtered and butchered of Sharh Al-Sudoor Bi-Tahreemi Raf’ the rightly guided Ulemaa’ (Scholars), Al-Quboor written by himself. On as though the whole of the Arab world one hand he regards it as Holy and was a slaughter house. Anyone who eminent and, on the other hand, he disagreed with them, whether a scholar, calls it an idol and false god, only if layman, male, female, young or old, he realised. It is a well established was labelled as a kafir and mushrik and and known fact that none from then was killed. Streams of blood were amongst the Muslims besides these flowing in the streets. They destroyed ‘Wahaabiyah’ regard the Holy Shrine the graves and shrines of the blessed of the Prophet Muhammad as an pious predecessors which included idol or false god. the great companions of the Prophet Muhammad . They named the shrine FALSE BELIEFS of our beloved Prophet Muhammad He does not know what will the ‘Sanam Akbar’ which means the happen to him, biggest idol. They strongly desired to He is dead, he cannot hear us, he destroy the holy shrine of our beloved cannot see us, Prophet Muhammad and they still He has no authority in any matter, do which becomes apparent once a year when one of their clerics decides to spill He can not be used as a means to reach Allah his rage in a public speech or through an
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From amongst the heretic beliefs of the ‘Wahaabiyah’ are, 1 Allah can lie, 2 Muhammad is just a normal human like us, • He does not know what will happen to him, • He is dead, he cannot hear us, he cannot see us, • He has no authority in any matter, • He can not be used as a means to reach Allah,
3 All Prophets and Messengers and Awliya are worse than dirt in the court of Allah, 4 Thinking of the Prophet during salah is worse than thinking of a donkey, 5 Voting in a non-Muslim country for a non-Muslim government is shirk (polytheism), 6 Following a man-made law, is shirk, 7 Allah has body parts like we do, 8 Allah moves from one place to another 9 Allah sits and stands on and from His throne etc. May Allah forbid and may Allah protect us from these kufriyah beliefs.
These are only some of the beliefs of the ‘Wahaabiyah’ sect and it is from this sect that the ‘Deobandiyah’ sect appeared in the Sub-Continent. One can see the similarities in the beliefs by studying the ‘Deobandiyah’ books of Fataawa like the Fataawaa Rasheediyah of Rasheed Ahmad Gangohi. Imam Bukhari has recorded several traditions of the Prophet Muhammad in his Saheeh from Sayyiduna Ali Ibn Abi Taalib and Abu Sa’eed Al-Khudri, Allah is pleased with them both, regarding a people that will come in this nation from the East who will perform Salah in a manner that we will find our Salah to be inferior, they will fast in a manner that we will find our fast to be inferior and their actions will be such that we will find ours inferior. They will recite
the Qur’aan (beautifully) but it will not pass below their throats. They will leave Islam (instantaneously) like the arrow leaves its game or target and they will not return to Islam unless the arrow returns to its bow (by itself which is never). These people will kill the Muslims and leave the idolators. In a narration, one of their signs that are mentioned in Bukhari is that their beards will be thick and their heads shaven. The Messenger of Allah also said that if I were to find the time of these people then I would kill them like the killing of the people of Thamood. It is clear that Salah is invalid behind an Imam who follows such a sect whether it is the five times daily Salah or the Friday afternoon Salah. The rightly guided Scholars of the Ahl Al-Sunnah have said and written in various edicts that performing prayer behind Imams of these sects who hold such heretic beliefs is the same as performing prayer behind a Hindu or Sikh Imam, may Allah forbid, for reference please see AlAtaaya Al-Nabawiyah Fi Al-Fataawa Al-Ridwiyah. This is simply because these nominal Muslims have left the boundaries of Islam and are wondering lost in the realms of kufr. Anyone who has faith in his heart and genuinely cares about his worship will never compromise to perform his prayer behind such individuals who follow the ‘Wahaabiyah’ or ‘Deobandiyah’ sects. If there is no other Imam then one must pray individually and instead of the Friday afternoon prayer, one should perform the Zuhr Salah. The Messenger of Allah said regarding the people of innovation (those who innovate a new path that is against the path of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, and the path of his companions, Allah is pleased with them), “Do not sit with them, do not eat with them, do not drink with them, do not
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say salam to them, do not visit them when they are sick, do not perform salah with them and do not perform their Janazah salah when they die.” In Fataawa Mustafawiyah, it clearly says that it is impermissible to perform prayer behind those who openly sin. If that is the case regarding those who openly sin then what must be the case of those who openly hold heretic beliefs as mentioned above? Imam Mufti Al-A’zam Mustafa Rida Al-Hanafi Al-Qadiri, Allah is pleased with him quotes a Hadith of the Messenger of Allah , “When a faasiq is honored, the Lord becomes angry and the arsh trembles due to it.” The great Mufti of his era writes that what more honor can be given to a person than making him the leader in the religious affairs (Salah). Therefore, it is clear that prayer behind such heretics causes the anger of Allah and is not only impermissible but invalid. We are ordered to judge people according to that which is apparent upon us and not according to our guesses and assumptions. If there is a person who is apparently a Muslim then we must accept the person as a Muslim and not make assumptions unless there are signs that have otherwise become apparent. If there is a person who is a Muslim and apparently fulfills the conditions of Imaamah (leadership in prayer) then one may perform his prayer behind him. The Messenger of Allah said, “The order/law is according to that which is apparent and I have not been ordered to look into the people’s hearts and to rip open their chests (to see what is inside).” However, if this apparently fit for Imaamah person is leading the prayer in a Qaadiyani, Shi’ah or Wahaabi Masjid then it is apparent and clear who he is and Allah knows best.
Mufti Zahid Hussain, UK
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bjection > The Me’raj was a spiritual journey and not a physical one as the primary source of Islamic law (Al-Qur’an) states very clearly:
Behold! We told thee that thy Lord doth encompass mankind round about: We granted the vision which We showed thee (O Muhammad ) but as a trial for men, - as also the Cursed Tree (mentioned) in the Qur’an: We put terror (and warning) into them, but it only increases their inordinate transgression! (Surah Al-Israa,V.60) This is more than sufficient to prove that the Me’raj was a spiritual journey as the word ‘vision’ implies that it was not physical.
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The above conclusion is in consequence of misinterpretation due to lack of understanding the vastness of Arabic language or due to blatantly calculated misinformation. Commentating on the above verse, Imaam Fakhruddin Raazi (Rahimahollah) mentioned that the word ‘Ro’yaa’ also means, to see with the eye. He explains in his masterpiece better known as ‘Tafseer Kabeer’: “The Ulama have mentioned that the word ro’ya means “vision” as well as “to see with one’s own two eyes”. Very few have taken the meaning of ro’ya in this verse to mean that the entire story of the Me’raj was a“vision”. This is a weak and false claim.” The above view is further strengthened by the great and noble member of the household of the Prophet , Hadhrath
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Abdullah ibn Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma) who stated that the word ‘Ro’yaa’ here means ‘Ro’yal Ain’ (seeing with the eye). The morning after the Me’raj, the Beloved Prophet explained his journey to the Meccans. This resulted in a blatant rejection of his claim. One does not need to be a rocket scientist to know that their reason for objecting was based on the fact that they understood the journey to be a physical one. Why else would they object? If the journey was explained to them by the Noble Messenger as a spiritual journey, there would not have been a single objection. Why not? As barbaric and ignorant as the pagan Meccans were, they were human beings who also went to bed at night and experienced dreams. Everyone in the world experiences dreams. In dreams, we enter a realm beyond our control. If the Prophet (peace be upon him) explained the Me’raj as a dream, then any one of those Meccans could have made the same claim as he did the very next day. They objected because it was beyond their capacity (similar to those who disbelieve in God, and those who are weak in faith) to fathom how a man could have traveled in one night from the Holy sanctuary of Makkah, to Jerusalem, then to penetrate the seven cosmic strata, to surpass all of creation
and enter into a timeless, space-less place (La Makaa) to meet with his Lord, and proceed to make the journey back? Physically??? All in a single night??? This was their premise for objection. They understood that Muhammad explained his journey to them as a ‘physical’ one. Furthermore, if we were to assume that the above mentioned verse was in fact in reference to the Me’raj as a spiritual journey, then the very context of the verse would be called into question. The verse mentions that the ‘ro’yaa’ which Nabi Muhammad was shown, was done so as a ‘trial’ for humanity. After careful analysis of the Me’raj, we conclude that the ‘trial’ was for those who would accept or reject the Me’raj as a ‘miracle’. The disbelievers rejected it and thus ‘failed’ the trial. Personalities such as Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (radhiyallahu anhu) seized the moment to display utter loyalty and faith in the words of his Messenger , and thus ‘passed’ the trial. If the Me’raj was only a spiritual journey, then it would lose the splendor of being categorized as a ‘miracle’. After all, if a ‘dream’ was regarded as a miraculous event, then every morning until the final hour would be deemed miraculous for billions of people on a daily basis. The Me’raj was indeed, both in body and in spirit.
Shaykh Faheem, ILS, Durban, RSA