Space Energy Fabric
CULLINAN STUDIO
Helping GET THE MOST FROM Your Estate
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HELPING GET THE MOST FROM YOUR ESTATE
Cullinan Studio sees striking the balance between the demands of space, energy and fabric as key to successful estate management. We bring a huge depth of experience in working with new and existing buildings, from new campus masterplans to the fine detail of historic buildings. From our network of consultants, we assemble the expertise needed to tackle these challenges.
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estate or precinct strategies based on analysis of current and future spatial needs, including the spaces between buildings new spaces for learning, research and innovation reviewing and improving space utilisation
ENERGY • • •
campus wide review of estate energy consumption feasibility studies for on site renewable energy projects and their paybacks post-occupancy evaluation
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options appraisal for building fabric upgrades life-time cost and carbon analysis conservation plans for listed and historic buildings
IDENTITY •
a holistic solution provides the opportunity to project a compelling image for the institution to attract the best students and staff
For a further conversation on how we can help, contact:
Facing page: At Fitzwilliam College in Cambridge we consulted with the College Estates committee to develop the brief for refurbishing the 1960s Central Building.
Colin Rice, Partner E. colin.rice@cullinanstudio.com T. +44 (0) 20 7704 1975 www.cullinanstudio.com
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Cullinan Studio is part of several networks of consultants committed to helping buildings, spaces, precincts and estates work harder to help deliver the outcomes of the organisation. We start from a position of belief in the power of our physical environment to transform people's lives. Attractive, well designed and maintained buildings and places enable people to work more effectively, and attract the best people to the organisation. Our long experience of working with existing buildings has taught us that: •
the use of buildings change over time but buildings are usually adapted in a piecemeal way, so that after a while they are not performing optimally.
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with our training in designing spatially, there are always opportunities for arrangements to be improved. Often a fresh pair of eyes can see the big picture and unlock problems with carefully targeted interventions.
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interventions now are part of a continuum of change. We should always leave open the option for adaptation and improvement in the future.
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at the same time, at any point in time the present arrangement should be the best that current resources can provide.
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to meet the demands of a rapidly changing regulatory regime, we need to work as part of a team with environmental, fabric and access consultants. We can help assemble the team to address your particular needs.
This booklet illustrates these points with examples of our experience in the education sector at a range of scales.
Facing page: New professional theatre at the remodelled Brampton Manor School in east London.
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Experience
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foundry, 5 baldwin terrace Client: Cullinan Studio Contract value: approx. £1.3M Started on site: October 2011 Completed: October 2012 • •
BREEAM ‘Excellent’ AJ Retrofit Awards 2013 Winner - Offices under £5m Category
We have gained invaluable experience with the retrofit of a Victorian foundry building into our own studios, where we were client, architect, engineer and end-user. Refurbishing the building enabled a significant environmental performance upgrade. Our design employed an air source heat pump, photovoltaic panels, natural ventilation and super insulation to the walls using blown recycled newspaper to achieve a U-value of 0.1W/m2K. Above: Open plan studios on the first floor with original roof trusses retained.
Situated on a narrow south-facing stretch along Regent’s Canal in London, the 1,055m2 workplace refurbishment is three storeys including a lower ground floor at canal level, and involves the retention of listed elements - the south brick wall facing the canal and timber roof trusses within. The structural scheme supports the listed south wall which is leaning towards the canal by way of an inserted steel frame which interacts with the existing Victorian steel frame and masonry.
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Our site specific response to this canal context accommodates a two storey volume, with street entrance on the ground floor opening into a mezzanine level office that overlooks a shared kitchen and further office space at canal level below. This configuration allows the existing double height windows of the listed canal wall to remain as they are, giving light, ventilation and views onto the canal from the two floor levels. The first floor is self contained and open plan, leaving the assembly of existing roof trusses undisturbed.
Facing page: Caption about bracing on first floor.
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2 1. existing fabric retained 2. recycled newspaper as insulation 3. natural ventilation 4. air-source heat pump 5. building integrated PV panels 6. heat recovery 7. underfloor heating
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Above: Environmental solutions.
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northampton square building Client: City University London Appointed: July 2012 Feasibility Study completed: November 2012
Feasibility Study to consider options for upgrading the envelope of City University London’s 1970s Northampton Square campus buildings. City University London employed our team to advise on options for thermal improvement of the external fabric of these 1970s buildings. The work forms just one component of their Carbon Management Plan. A range of options was presented to the University in ascending levels of intervention to the building. Each was assessed against the baseline for capital and whole life cost and potential for carbon savings. The University is currently implementing the first of these options to help meet their HEFCE commitments to reduce carbon emissions. In our report we used a thermal model to estimate CO2 savings and linked this to the costs of each option to assist the University with their decision making. To achieve the highest carbon savings, the building would need to be thermally lined internally or fully over-clad. These options are less cost-effective with long pay-backs based on current energy cost assumptions. The lower level work can be carried out now leaving open the option to do higher level work later. The study focused on the fabric of the building. Nevertheless, we were very conscious that, when it comes to making investment decisions about managing existing assets, the problem must be looked at in the round.
Right: Caption about different options
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Top to bottom: As existing; medium intervention (with cold bridges overclad); highlevel intervention (with insulated render, pre-patinated copper sills and parapet)
central building refurbishment Client: Fitzwilliam College, University of Cambridge Started on site: July 2013 (Phase 1) Contract value: ÂŁ280,000 (Phase 1)
Refurbishment of the Central Building to rationalise use of spaces and increase opportunities for college dining, conference and social areas, as well as improving the building fabric and environmental performance. The Central Buildings were designed by Denys Lasdun and built in 1963. The original building functions, as well as the building fabric, are outdated and badly need a holistic solution to make them effective and comfortable spaces now and to extend their usefulness for the College into the future. We reviewed the spatial opportunities and functionality of the building in relation to the College usage made available following the relocation of some of the building’s original functions to the newly constructed parts of the College, including the Library. We consulted widely to develop the brief for refurbishing the Central Buildings with the College Estates committee, College Fellows and students. We used briefing techniques from questionnaires to wider groups including workshops with smaller groups. The key to the refurbishment of the Central Building and its improved usage has been found in the unlocking of the circulation space within the building. The proposed programme of work follows the strategy of firstly providing improved circulation to increase the connectivity within the Central Building, followed by the refurbishment of the individual spaces within it and its building fabric.
Above: The proposed reconfigured central hall during different times of day. 1
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3 1. new extract fans with controllers fitted in previous roof fan housing 2. roof insulation and waterproofing upgraded 3. solar film application to glass to reduce glare and unwanted heat gain 4. concrete repairs to roof and columns 5. acoustic render applied to hall 6. earth tubes temper supply air to hall 7. linear vent formed for supply air from new earth tubes 8. lighting reflectors fitted within ceiling coffers 9. acoustic panel infill to hall concrete ceiling coffers
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Above: Sectional detail.
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forest gate community school Client: Forest Gate Community School Started on site: July 2009 Completed: August 2011 Contract value: £10m •
BREEAM ‘Very Good’
Extensive remodelling of a large 1960s secondary school in east London on a tight urban site. Modifications over past 20 years to accommodate a growing student population had lost the building’s clarity of organisation. New accommodation was required with all available external areas to be retained as recreation space. The original buildings had poor insulation and leaky windows.
Above: The heart of the school has been opened up to let in plenty of natural light and improve way-finding.
Our fundamental design approach was to switch the main entrance from the north to the south of the site to face the High Street and the community the school serves. A contemporary four-court sports hall was built above the new entrance to give the building a greater presence on the main street.
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The old undersized gyms were converted into additional classrooms, thus bringing redundant space into active use. The temporary classrooms, now no longer required, were removed to create much needed additional outdoor recreation space. 3
Staircases were replaced and floors adjusted to ensure there was level access throughout the building. The clarity of the original plan was reinstated by removing walls and fill-ins. The restored internal views improve way-finding. The remodelled heart of the building allowed for reinstatement of top-lit double-height spaces to bring daylight deep into the plan. Probes in walls are connected to meters in science lab to illustrate thermal performance and use building as an educational tool.
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1. new entrance 2. new sports hall above entrance 3. original entrance 4. classrooms have been reconnected with the central learning area 5. Business Enterprise Suite on ground floor of new entrance building
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Forest Gate Rail Station
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brampton manor school Client: Brampton Manor School Started on site: January 2009 Completed: September 2010 Contract value: £8.8m
Extensive remodelling of a 10-form entry secondary school to provide new specialist facilities that can be separately accessed and zoned for community use and extended school day. Internal reorganisation of the school provides a professional theatre space, new TV/audio studios and media editing suites for the new diploma, a new fitness suite, and improved design/ technology, art and ICT classrooms. A new inclusion area of EAL and SEN suites has flexible learning spaces, specialist facilities and a permanent and visiting staff base. The existing circulation has been significantly improved with a new lift, replacement of stairs with ramps, and two new glazed double storey circulation links in the re-landscaped east and west courtyards. The links reduce travel distances around the school and provide places for the display of the arts on the walls and along the animated brick base, with integral seating extending to the courtyard landscaping.
Above: New state-of-the-art theatre for school and community use.
Robust materials were used that are compatible with the existing school. Clear and sandblasted glazing and coloured Trespa panels above an engineering brick base with inset LED uplighters to illuminate the façades at night help to promote the school’s specialist arts status.
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Through careful planning with the school the development has been built in phases minimising disruption and omitting the need for any temporary accommodation.
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1. Phase 1 includes a new Performing Arts wing and new circulation links around the existing courtyards 2. Phase 2 includes a new Media wing and new landscaping
Above: Existing school with new wings and landscaping.
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rosendale primary school Client: Rosendale Primary School Started on site: July 2011 (Phase 1) Completed: September 2012 (Phases 1 & 2) Phase 3 due for completion: September 2013 Contract value: £400,000 (3 Phases) •
AJ Retrofit Awards 2013 Winner - Schools Category
Built by the London School Board in 1899, Rosendale Primary School has suffered from a piecemeal approach to refurbishment, which demonstrated little regard to the historic context and resulted in a poor quality built environment. Our design improves the organisation of existing space to provide a clear flow and better spaces for learning. The south-east facing classrooms suffered from overheating and solar glare issues, which had been exacerbated by the addition of glass conservatories in the 1990s. We thermally modelled each classroom to enable us to investigate optimum improvements within the budget. We mitigated heat gain by introducing solar controlled glass to the relocated rooflight, allowing daylight to penetrate deeper into the room. Energy efficient radiators were installed with controls and natural ventilation was encouraged by repairing the existing sash windows and reinstating high-level openings to halls for cross ventilation.
Above: The Victorian fireplace creates a focus for a new place to sit and read.
Where possible we took a ‘fabric first’ approach to improving the external fabric, such as insulating the conservatory roofs to reduce heat loss and draught proofing refurbished windows. Our holistic approach to design has inspired the Head of School and Governors to appoint us to produce a future plan for improvements. In the current situation, when funding is not regular and often in small amounts, we believe it is even more important to have a long term strategic plan to avoid short term thinking. We are helping the school measure and understand their CO2 emissions using the Atlas Toolkit (www.atlasschools.org).
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1. internal windows repaired to enable natural ventilation 2. new high performance rooflight to enhance daylight 3. new pergola to provide solar shading 4. restoration of listed heritage features 5. new lighting; simple, appropriate and affordable 6. craft counter and child accessible storage
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Above: 3D image of a remodelled classroom
BFI Conservation Centre Client: British Film Institute Started on site: January 2012 (Phase 1) Completed: June 2012 (Phase 1) Contract value: £1.1m (Phase 1)
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Having established an strong working relationship with the British Film Institute (BFI) while designing its Master Film Store, we were asked to assist them with developing a masterplan for the phased improvement of its Conservation Centre in Berkhamsted. The original 1980s building was designed for the workflow required for copying nitrate film onto acetate film, a process which is now obsolete. However, the need for new digitisation suites and areas for paper conservation have become a priority for the BFI. As a consequence of master copies of acetate film moving to the new Master Film Store (see page 10), one of the existing film vaults at Berkhamsted was available to be converted to an environment suitable for the Photographic Stills Collection and other media. We consulted with the BFI to devise packages of work that could be funded separately, be logically sequenced and offer the best value in terms flexibility for future. All this was done while considering how to make the building fabric and its services more energy efficient to reduce running costs and improve the environment for the collections and the staff. The first phase was completed in 2012.
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1a. the main public entrance is relocated to the ‘front’ to improve public image 1b. goods-in area is screened from main public entrance 1c. a physical screen is built as entrance feature 2a. Acquisitions Room is relocated here to provide gas bottle store adjacent to Vault 3 2b. alternative position for Acquisitions Room if Reception is moved to the ‘front’ 3. atrium becomes a staff break-out/ meeting area 4. interior of 1960s block is refurbished to optimise circulation, workspace and storage 5. the canteen facility is rationalised to improve staff rest area with outdoor sunny terrace 6. circulation is rationalised to improve access to collections 7. gas bottle room created 8. full height mobile racking for half of Vault 3 area to increase storage capacity 9. external plant enclosure 10. two-storey AHU plant 11. air lock
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Proposed demolition Proposed works Indicative furniture
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singapore management university Client: Singapore Management University Started on site: March 2002 Completed: May 2005 Contract value: £89m (UK equivalent) •
Landscape Industry Association of Singapore Gold Award 4
After winning an international competition we were appointed, in collaboration with local architects KNTA, to be overall masterplanner for the Singapore Management University’s 239,000m2 new city campus, and as architects for five out of the six first stage buildings. The £89m campus was the first of its kind; designed, integrated and constructed from scratch in the centre of a developed cityscape. Four schools and a library are linked at below-ground concourse level, allowing users to move under cover from one end of the campus to the other, and enjoy views into the open courtyards that connect the concourse to the street, park and campus facilities. The porous spaces provide ‘breezeways’ to help pre-condition the incoming air. The campus for 6,000 students is in the heart of the historic and cultural centre of Singapore, in Bras Basah Park. The design keeps a sense of open space and visual connection between the historic buildings that surround the campus, such as the Singapore Art Museum, the National Museum and the Cathedral.
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1. Fort Canning Centre 2. National Museum 3. Bodhi Tree 4. Singapore Art Museum 5. Singapore Cathedral 6. Chijmes
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Above: Masterplan of the new campus showing its close proximity to the historic cultural buildings of the city centre.
A visually appealing ‘green’ theme runs right across the campus. Buildings overlooking the reconfigured Bras Basah Park have glazed façades shaded by a ‘vertical garden’ of climbing plants. As the site is surrounded by mature rain trees great care had to be taken during construction. The design was developed on a fast-track to ensure that the piling was completed ahead of the boring of a new underground line under the buildings and was successfully carried out to schedule with few changes.
Above: Students gathered around the ancient Bodhi Tree on the Campus Green.
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docklands campus, uel Client: University of East London Started on site: March 1998 Completed: September 1999 Contract value: £33m •
Civic Trust Award Commendation 2000
Autumn 1999 saw the University of East London move 2,400 students to the Royal Albert Dock on the Thames, in a classic exercise of brownfield urban regeneration, to begin to unlock the urban redevelopment of an area with little infrastructure. The campus is designed with a high performance low energy fresh air delivery system that allows the windows to be kept shut to keep out the noise from London City Airport opposite. Approaching the new campus from Cyprus Docklands Light Railway Station to the north, you rise through an oval forecourt, up through the central colonnaded University Square to the great lawn overlooking the dock. The Learning Resource Centre, the main auditorium and the shops and cafes and main entrance, are gathered around this pedestrian heart. To maximise flexibility, a range of academic spaces are composed around an enclosed linear street: facing south over the dock are the lecture theatres on the ground floor, two floors of offices above, all topped with design studios.
Above: Aerial view of the first phase of development of the campus which established the regeneration of the area.
384 student rooms are gathered in brightly painted paired towers that spin along the dock in front of the higher main façade of the academic accommodation, whose silver and white cliff is marked by four combined lift and stair towers. The £33m develop and construct contract for the 19,300 sqm phase 1 was adopted as Demonstration Project no. 49 within the Movement for Innovation.
Above: Iconic student accommodation.
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