Revista el Caballo Español 2008 n.187(English)

Letter from the President

By the time that this magazine reaches you, further progress will have been made on the projects currently underway. These include managing the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book, the PRE Horse Promotional Plan, the new Rules and Regulations for Conformation Competitions, the reform of the by-laws and the new Association offices. With regards to the Stud Book, among other aspects, a good number of passports for the horses born in 2008 will have been processed. Those most representative associations in the countries where there are a sufficient number of PRE Horses will have started working on their part of the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book. An appointed veterinarian will have gone to the USA to help all the breeders in that country. Evaluations and TQBs will have been held abroad, while the Web-site will have published news and notes of interest. Likewise, there will also be a genealogy program on the web-site that lists those horses that have been approved at the TQBs or the results for the selection scheme from the studies based on the 2007 Tests for Young Horses will have been uploaded. But that is not all, work continues on many other aspects, such as a computer program that should be available to the breeders sometime this year. This program will include all the aspects that are necessary for breeders to manage their stud farms, and will include an application for the correct calculation of inbreeding. Work will be continuing on the data processing for the lineal evaluation, which began this spring. These results will, in a future, be seen in the Selection Scheme. Above all, we will continue to have everything available so that the Stud Book of PRE Stallions and Mares is the best of all those in existence for pure animal breeds. In terms of the rules and regulations for Conformation Competitions, the final draft will have been made public and we will be in a position to collect and study the contributions the sector

sends us. We have founded hopes on the new system we want to implement and the applicable score sheets will enable us to contribute to creating greater confidence in Competitions that fail to satisfy most breeders. As you already know we have started the Promotional Plan that was approved during our last Assembly. This is the first action with a budget and specifically defined activities suited to each country according to the market study that has been carried out to promote PRE horses. We are aware that the Promotional Plan alone is not a universal remedy to overcome the difficulties that have arisen when marketing PRE Horses. Along with the new Competition Rules and Regulations, the flexibility we seek for Stud Book services and the push that the Selection Scheme will giveâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;based on the reliability of the data for the horses registered in the Stud Bookâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;the necessary tools are in the hands of breeders to ensure that the horses born on their stud farms will be of higher quality, their marketing will be simpler and the value of their products will increase. Javier Conde Cerrato President of ANCCE

LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT LETTERS TO THE EDITOR NEWS

1 4 9

THE FORUM

Rafael Lemos Félix Brasseur Pascal Evrard

AMUSEMENT SPORTS

30 32

EQUESTRIAN TRADES

CARRIAGE UPHOLSTERY Susan Niederberger

ANCCE REPORTS

PROFILES

SONIA VILLALBA José A. Fdez. Lineros

PRE HISTORY

HISTORICAL CONTEXT FOR THE CREATION OF THE MORATALLA MILITARY STUD FARM Juan Carlos Altamirano

ANCCE

www.ancce.com

SUMMARY

FROM THE ARCHIVES

ALTA ESCUELA THE PASSAGE II Alfonso Cuesta

DAILY VETERINARY PRACTICE EQUINE DENTIST Kepa Gil

INTERNATIONAL

COMPETITIONS CALENDAR

FULL NAME COMPET

DATE

II CONCURSO MO "VILLA DEL ALCO

ember 1 ember

ANDUCAB 2008

ember

LIST OF ANCCE MEMBERS

PRE

El Caballo Español

ANIVERSARIO

FECAF 2008

7 8-2 0

Año XXX Nº 187 September - October 2008

PRE HISTORY In 1492, the Catholic Monarchs decided to create a Royal Stud Farm with the horses belonging to the stud farm owned by the Order of Santiago in Aranjuez (Madrid)

SPORTS DA PRE horse

ANCCE REPORTS -Fuego XII- has once ANCCE will provide again reached the highest international annual grants competitions to be worth €9600 to the best 5, 6, and among the best sixteen horses in the world 7 year old PRE Dressage Horses

Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Caballos de Pura Raza Española

Cover Page: Juan Jose Solis Stud Farm Photo: Fernando Sánchez

El Caballo Español

Let ters to the editor THANKS TO MY FATHER I am the daughter of a breeder, this is the first time that I have written to a magazine, but in my case I believe that the occasion merits it and I do not want to use it to speak about competitions or judges or anything controversy, I simply want to talk about a person to whom I owe all my love and devotion for horses. This person is my father. I can still remember being five years old, and my first Sevilla (April) Fair on horseback. He was and will continue to be the best teacher of all aspects of life; we have had our ups and downs, but I assure you that I am â&#x20AC;&#x153;a chip off the old block.â&#x20AC;? Thanks to my father I learned how to understand horses; that is, to know how to differentiate between fear and respect, to enjoy them and, above all, to learn from them. I would like to thank him for all that has done for me and for my siblings, and more so now, as he has had an accident with a colt. I want to give him a lot of support and cheer him up, because he still has a lot of fighting left to do, because in spite of not having been a PRE breeder for long, little by little he is making people take note and all the efforts made to reach where he is now will be rewarded, or at least so says the proverb â&#x20AC;&#x153;he who sows, will reapâ&#x20AC;?.

Aplomada from Yeguada Las Colonias de Pesqueril

With no further ado, this is only to tell him that we are all with him and also to thank all the people and family members who they have been concerned and have been supporting my father following his unfortunate accident. Inmaculada GonzĂĄlez Cabrera

Dialogue brings us closer to one another and enriches us. Experiences, stories, consultations, and opinions from all who support the Purebred Spanish Horse are good for us and are interesting to everyone. The magazine â&#x20AC;&#x153;El Caballo EspaĂąolâ&#x20AC;? trusts that this section, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Letters to the Editorâ&#x20AC;?, will be an interesting and useful means of communication with its readers. The letters to this section must be signed, with name, surname(s), ID and telephone number, and must not exceed 350 words. Send your letters for publication to: t 1PTUBM BEESFTT 3FWJTUB i&M $BCBMMP &TQBĂ&#x2014;PMw "/$$& $PSUJKP EF $VBSUP 7JFKP #FMMBWJTUB o 4FWJMMB 4QBJO &TQBĂ&#x2014;B

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ANCCE

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Arropada and Arrojada, owned by Arro PRE

INVERSE CANTER AND COUNTER CANTER I am writing to comment on something that I read in your Magazine. In the most recent issue, nº 186 July-August 2008, in the section “Ask the Expert”, I read the answer by Sebastian Bastida (rider, handler, Conformation and Dressage judge) about the best way to present horses, where I believe there is an error that could confuse some readers. I do not know whether this is an error of transcription or a slip-up by the author. I transcribe literally: “... as in this way a rushed canter with the hind legs moving together, or even leading with the wrong fore- or hind-leg (disunited canter or on the wrong leg)”.* When a horse canters with an incorrect hind or foreleg leading, this is known as disunited canter; the equestrian term that defines this in Spain (not counter canter). I believe that the term “contragalope” is used, although not generally, to name what is known in equitation as “galope en trocado” (counter canter), and it defines when a horse canters in the opposite direction to its leading leg (that is to say, the horse canters to the right when it is bending to the left or vice versa). In Spain, this is the equestrian term that is used to name that type of canter. Independently of who made the mistake, it appeared in the answer of the magazine I am referring; I simply want to clarify these two terms (disunited canter and counter canter) which are very common in our jargon and so well defined that no-one should be confused, since there is no doubt on about their meaning. Incidentally, I have never heard anyone use the term “galope inverso” (inverse canter). *Please note – the original article in Spanish used the terms “galope inverso and contragalope”, neither of which exist in Spanish nor English, therefore when translating, the English term used was based on the description rather than a literal translation of the word given, so this mix-up did not come up in the English version. Teresa Llanos

El Caballo Español

OWNERSHIP CARD This is a sad store that I would like breeders to hear about. Thanks to the ownership card created by ANCCE, I now have my horse Ingenuo IV. Diana Ostáriz Oliver, rider with Yeguada San Antonio for five years, one day took my horse Ingenuo IV to a competition as she had done a number of times, and with her went the saddle, halter, boot, bandages, and of course, the horse and its passport, with a photocopy which is turned in at all competitions. It used to be that if you had the passport in your hands, the horse, by law, is yours. That was the case; my rider tried to take the horse using this system. But, finally and thanks the ownership card, after several months, I was able to recuperate my horse Ingenuo IV, as can be seen by the court verdict dated the 3rd of August of 2007 (included). Together with the said verdict, stating that the rider must return the horse, I also have a letter that the father of Diana Ostáriz sent to the manager of Yeguada San Antonio. As we all know, when a rider takes a horse to a competition, the owner accepts the good faith of all those involved, without any written document. Now I see that there are no written documents that authorizes the transfer of material nor the passport; it all boils down to her word against mine. You can see in the letter from the rider’s father, that it is clear that she has the documentation and that she owns the horse. What a pity that with horses— which are such honest creatures— we run into this type of situation. It is only useful to destroy the relationship among horse enthusiasts. . Antonio Rubio Becerril

Antonio Rubio Becerril

Hello Juan! I am Luiz Ostariz Diana has given me a note with expenses to fax it (to you), but I believe that you are both mistaken. Let’s take a look: A) Theoretically, these are not expenses, but an advance sum of money and therefore a loan which being a loan, must bear interest, and the correct amount, without usury, would be some € 3000. But this would not be the reality given that: B) In the month of May, you gave the horse, Ingenuo, to my daughter Diana on several occasions and in the presence of witnesses; I have confirmed with these witnesses the plausibility of the facts. Not being satisfied with doing it verbally, you gave Ingenuo’s documentation to Diana so that there was proof of the said gift. Remember Granada was turned over by giving the keys to the city; it was the Moor who gave them to the Catholic Monarchs and this act was enough proof of the turnover for centuries. C) Being that I have paid for Ingenuo’s stable and other expenses since the month of May, I am the person who decides where the horse goes and what is done with him. You are not his owner, but rather it is I, who has the documentation, as well as covering its expenses. D) As of last week, this has all been turned over to my lawyer, as I considered that we must sign a document in which I was willing to pay its expenses and offer you 50% of the sale, after having discounted the expenses, as would be the case. E) In the light of your attitude, I have made an appointment with my lawyer for this next Tuesday to change the ownership of the horse. F) The value of the horse is fifteen million of the old pesetas, and any broker would be offered 10% of the sales. I fail to understand how you can think that you can collect the horse, paying only the expenses that were paid in advance, without thinking about the financial costs, nor the economic compensations for the time invested in the said horse by Diana, to reach the current value. Remember that there are magazines and new articles that sufficiently prove the time invested; as well as proof at the Equestrian Federation of the results achieved with the horse and the time invested. G) I am making no comments about the prestige earned for the stud farm, of the difficult evaluation (of the prestige), but it can be done, in the press and how Diana has disseminated publicity of the said stud farm, in interviews with the media, both local and national. H) Also, we could evaluate the use of her image: used in photographs and the name of Diana Ostariz in national magazines, stud farm advertisements or decorative elements. For all of this, with no intentions of going any further, as I have no interest in maintaining another horse, I believe that for me to give you my horse Ingenuo, you should deposit the resulting amount of the economic assessments I have provided in the above explanation (€ 12,000), I am not going to take into consideration the other components referred to above. Should the deposit not appear before Tuesday, we shall leave it in the hands of the judges to assess the costs; I am not going to cancel the appointment with my lawyer and you will hear from him. Zaragoza, July 5, 2007

Ownership Card

ANCCE

www.ancce.com

Zaragoza Court Number 4 Plaza del Pilar, nº 2—Edificio B-C 2ª Planta

Verdict from the Zaragoza Court Number 4

Telephone: +34-976-208-238 Fax: +34-976-208-548 Single Identification Number: 50297 2 0403935 /2007 Initial Procedures—Abbreviated Process 4150 /2007 Paralegal: No professional assigned Lawyer: Defendant: Diana Ostariz Oliver COURT ORDER In Zaragoza, on the 3rd of August of 2007. THE FACTS The current accusations are presented based on the alleged commitment of the crime of embezzlement, reported by Antonio Rubio Becerril against Diana Ostariz Oliver. LEGAL GROUNDS Single disposition: According to article 13 of Criminal Law, initial procedures may be undertaken as preliminary procedures for all those that lead to the establishment of proof of criminal acts, note and are presented as proof those aspects that verify and protect both those who have been offended or affected by this act, understanding this within the expression “protect those who are affected” by all those actions that lead to ceasing a damaging activity. In this present case, there are indications that the owner of the horse is Antonio Rubio Becerril and with Diana Ostariz Oliver having admitted that she has no ownership over the said horse, the Court proceeds to sentence that the aforementioned person (Diana Ostariz Oliver) shall immediately return the horse Ingenuo IV to Antonio Rubio Becerril in an effort to avoid any type of economic damages that may arise from the deterioration of the said horse due to poor care. VERDICT IT HAS BEEN AGREED that Diana Ostariz Oliver shall return the horse Ingenuo IV immediately and she shall drive it to Yeguada San Antonio during today. The parties have been notified of this present resolution It has been agreed to and signed by the Judge Ms. Maria Soledad Alejandre Domeneche at the Zaragoza Court Number 4.

Ingenuo IV, owned by Antonio Rubio Becerril and bred by Juan Frco. Rosa Marrero

El Caballo Español

Historia del PRE A SCORE OF RIDERS IN THE EQUESTRIAN SHOW THAT BEGAN IN JULY AND HAS CONTINUED ALL SUMMER EL CABALLO ESPAÑOL The PRE horse magazine since 1978

Edited by: Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Caballos de Pura Raza Española (ANCCE) Cortijo de Cuarto (Viejo) 41014 SEVILLA Telephone: +34 954 68 92 60, Fax: +34 954 69 03 27 www.ancce.com revista@ancce.com Editor-in-Chief: Javier Conde Cerrato Editorial Committee: Comisión de Comunicación de la ANCCE Editor: José A. Fdez Lineros lineros.doma@hotmail.com revista@ancce.com Technical Coordinator: Inmaculada Rodríguez Prensa@ancce.com Columnist: Jaime Molina, Manuel González and Jacobo Rojo

The horses were the stars of the “Noches de Embrujo” (Bewitched Nights) in Cordoba. Every Thursday, Friday and Saturday of July and August, everyone could enjoy the Equestrian Show “Pasión y Duende del Caballo Andaluz” (Passion and Charm of the Andalusian Horse) which, as with previous shows, attracted thousands of people from Cordoba and tourists alike. Horses are unquestionably a part of Cordovan history and their presence in any cultural and artistic show is certain. On this occasion, the Association “Córdoba Ecuestre”, at the hand of the Consortium for Tourism in the Andalusian capital city, prepared a show that involved 30 horses and 20 riders to enjoy scenes of “Caballos en Vaquería” (Horses on the dairy farm), “Carrusel de Garrochistas” (Carrousel of Garrocha

Riders), “Caballo en Reindas Largas” (Horse on Long Reins), “Carrusel Vaquero con Gitanas a la Grupa” (Cowboy Carrousel with Gypsies on Croups”, “Paso a Dos “ (Pas de Deux), “Trabajos a la Mano” (Work in Hand), etc. In summary, it was the essence of the Show with horses from Cordoba. The event, which took place in the “Alcazar de los Reyes Cristianos” (The Fortress of the Christian Monarchs), enjoyed the backing of famous stud farms: Yeguadas Aguilera, Alborán, Almuzara, Campo Bajo, Cuevas Bajas, La Paloma, Lovera, Martínez Barragán, Modesto Nieto, Palenzuela Hens, Ramírez and Ruíz Martín all offered their best horses to take part in the Show. In addition, the Cordovan designer, Basi del Rio, collaborated. He designed the exclusive flamenco wardrobe that was present in the various scenes.

Secretaries: Ana Luque and Inmaculada Segura Publicity: Alejandro Sánchez +34 954 689 260 comercial@ancce.com Photos: Manuel Vasco, Rafael Lemos, Design and Set up: Editorial Maratania www.maratania.es maratania@maratania.es Translations: Yreva Arobed SL traducciones@yrevaarobed.com Photo mechanics and Printing: J. de Haro Artes Gráficas, S.L. www.jdeharo.com jdeharo@jdeharo.com Legal Registration Code: SE-186-1980

© All rights reserved. No part of this magazine, including its contents, texts, graphics and photographs, whether in English or Spanish, may be reproduced by any means without specific written permission from the publishers. El Caballo Español is not responsible for the opinions expressed by its collaborators in the articles published.

News El Caballo Español

IDENTICAL MUTATION FOUND IN ALL GREY HORSES - RESEARCHERS Dr. Leif Andersson and his research team in Sweden have discovered that grey horses carry an identical mutation that can be traced back to a common ancestor that lived thousands of years ago.

An international team led by researchers at Uppsala University say this mutation also enhances the risk for melanoma. The paper is being published in the July issue of Nature Genetics. Researchers say the great majority of white horses carry the dominant mutation 'greying with age'. A grey horse is born coloured (black, bay, brown or chestnut), but the greying process starts during its first year and they are normally completely white by six to eight years of age, but the skin remains pigmented. Thus, the process resembles greying in humans but the process is ultrafast in these horses. The research presented now demonstrates that all grey horses carry exactly the same mutation which must have been inherited from a common ancestor. Today, about one horse in ten carries the mutation for greying with age. The grey horse is also interesting from a medical point of view since the mutation also predisposes for development of melanoma. About 75% of grey horses older than 15 years of age have a benign form of melanoma that in some cases develops into a malignant melanoma. Thus, the study has also given new insight in a molecular pathway that may lead to tumour development. "We propose that the Grey mutation stimulates growth of melanocytes and that this leads to a premature loss of the melanocyte stem cells needed for hair pigmentation whereas the mutation promotes an expansion of some of the melanocytes causing skin pigmentation." Domestic animals constitute extraordinary models for evolution of biological diversity as already recognized by Charles Darwin. The white horse is a beautiful illustration of the importance of regulatory mutations as a major underlying mechanism for phenotypic diversity within and between species. The Grey mutation does not change any protein structure but it affects the genetic regulation of two genes. The researchers found that the white horses carry an extra copy of a DNA segment located in one of these genes. "The grey phenotype is caused by a 4.6-kb duplication in intron 6 of STX17 (syntaxin-17) that constitutes a cis-acting regulatory mutation. Both STX17 and the neighboring NR4A3 gene are overexpressed in melanomas from grey horses. Grey horses carrying a loss-offunction mutation in ASIP (agouti signaling protein) had a higher incidence of melanoma, implying that increased melanocortin-1 receptor signaling promotes melanoma development in grey horses. The grey horse provides a notable example of how humans have cherry-picked mutations with favorable phenotypic effects in domestic animals." "It is very likely that regulatory mutations like the one we found in these white horses constitute the dominating class of mutations explaining differences between breeds of domestic animals as well as between species like humans and chimpanzee." Yeguada Centuri贸n

ANCCE

photo: lemos

www.ancce.com

JAVIER REVUELTA REVIEWS HIS PERIOD IN OFFICE AT THE RFHE GENERAL ASSEMBLY “The Federation’s historical debt will be totally redeemed by the end of 2008”

Javier Revuelta at the Presidential table during the Assembly

The Ordinary General Assembly of the Royal Equestrian Federation of Spain was held on the 9th of July at the Spanish Olympic Committee facilities. In addition to presenting the Sport Reports and approving the 2007 budget, the president, Javier Revuelta, took advantage to review the sport and economics of his three and a half years in office at the Federation. With regards to the economics, Revuelta wanted to highlight, as one of the most important aspects of his work in recent years, the increase in revenues coming from Federation activities. For the first time, direct income has exceeded financing from subsidies. On this point, he underlined the “evolution that the Federation has experienced in terms of sponsorship,

thanks to the diversification of the revenues coming from this concept.” Likewise, he highlighted the “momentous importance” of reducing the RFHE’s historical debt. “One of the main objectives of this period”, which, as he announced, “will have been accomplished by the end of 2008, will be to completely redeem (the debt), which will enable us to increase the investment dedicated to competitive activities”. The president also considers it “a success and to means to become more and more competitive” when it comes to the various bonus programs, which started in recent years for the disciplines of show-jumping, dressage and endurance.

UPCOMING ELECTIONS WITHIN THE EQUESTRIAN FEDERATION By laws of the Council for Sports, all federations participating in the Olympic Games must call elections within two months following the said Games. At the next meeting of the RFHE Assembly, the new president will be chosen and it will be attended by the new members resulting from the election process.

El Caballo Español

6TH ANDALUSIAN CHAMPIONSHIPS FOR ALTA ESCUELA ESPAÑOLA IN UMBRETE Gold Medal for Francisco Javier Ruiz riding IBN Jerez and Tribute to Francisco Adedo Trujillo, former FAH President photo: lemos

Gold Medal for Francisco Javier Ruiz riding IBN Jerez and Tribute to Francisco Adedo Trujillo, former FAH President The 6th Andalusian Championships for Alta Ecsuela (Spanish High School) was held in the town of Umbrete (province of Sevilla) on the 26th and 27th of July. The Municipal School “Torda y Alazana” was the setting where the Organizing Committee covered the requirements of the riders, horses, judges and federations. The Judges for the event were President - José Manuel Jurado Sánchez, together with Pedro Blesa Berenguer, Andrés Gómez Álvarez, José Antonio Gómez Tapia and Pedro Jiménez Sánchez; plus the representative from the federation. Fifteen competitors took part with new riders-horses boasting original choreographies, with a large number of enthusiasts who were present at the Umbrete facilities. On Sunday, the 27th, bright and early in the morning relevant personalities from the horse world were on hand, including Álvaro Domecq Romero, Francisco Acedo Trujillo, Felipe Morenés y Giles, and Joaquín Medina, president of the Andalusian Equestrian Federation. Under the attentive eyes of the audience who was present at the “Torda y Alazana” facilities, Francisco Javier Ruiz Garrido riding IBN Jerez was proclaimed the Spanish Alta Escuela Champion of Andalusia, with an average of 263 points. The silver medal went to Eduardo López de Ayala riding Lepanto, with 241.80 points, while the bronze went to Rodrigo Jiménez Santiago riding Diablo, with an average of 238.40 points. The special prizes on offer were: a trophy presented by the Alta Escuela Española Association, medals and cash prizes to each of the three best placed PREs, presented by ANCCE. After the award’s ceremony, Tribute was paid to Francisco Acedo Trujillo, who had twice been the president of the Andalusian Equestrian Federation. The ten horses and riders and the authorities were present in the arena when Cristóbal DíazÁngel Pérez, president of the Organizing Committee, began the Tribute with a few words about Acedo’s career with the Andalusian Equestrian Federation.

Champion of Andalusia, Francisco Javier Ruiz riding IBN Jerez

ANCCE

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CAVALIA RETURNS TO MADRID

The 60 horses and 37 performers taking part in Cavalia, the equestrian-multimedia extravaganza, are preparing their return to Madrid on the 17th of September. As of that date, the capital city’s audience will, once again, be able to enjoy this wonderful sensual experience. Last spring, the presentation of Cavalia in Madrid caught the eye of more than 75,000 spectators, who filled the so-called “Huge White Tent”, a symbol of this show. Aware of the expectation created by Cavalia and the fact that many people both from Madrid and other surrounding towns were unable to see the show, the organizers decided to return to the capital after the summer. This second premiere will open on the 17th of September.

According to Normand Latourelle, artistic director and creator of Cavalia, “we want to return in appreciation for the warm welcome that the people of Madrid gave us and to satisfy the demand, both from new spectators from the capital as well as those from the surrounding area. All this, without including the people who have already seen Cavalia and who want to repeat the experience. To triumph here, and more specifically in Madrid, was a challenge for us, since there is an important number of leisure activities on offer in the capital and also we would be facing a very demanding audience, who are accustomed to seeing great shows.”

El Caballo Español

ROYAL ANDALUSIAN SCHOOL HORSES DELIGHT VALLADOLID The Valladolid Bull Ring played host to the Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art from Jerez de la Frontera, which is known throughout the world for its exhibition 'How the Andalusian Horses Dance'. An equestrian show charged with sound and light, where the PRE Horses danced to the rhythm of Spanish

the disciplines of Dressage, Doma Vaquera and Alta Escuela (Spanish High School). Dressage 'Fantasies' from the front and in profile, which was very rhythmic, launched the show, in which the perfection of the movements performed by the horse merged with the rider, a detonator for the faithful rapt public, who did not want to miss this show

music and performed almost impossible movements in

THE ROYAL SCHOOL OF EQUESTRIAN ART PRESENTS ‘CÓMO BAILEN LOS CABALLOS ANDALUCES’ AT EXPO ZARAGOZA The Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art Foundation (FREAAE)— dependant upon the Regional Ministry of Tourism, Trade and Sport—presented its show ‘Como Bailan los Caballos Andaluces' on the 28th, 29th and 30th of July at the Zaragoza Bull Ring, to coincide with the celebration of the Andalusian Week at Expo 2008 .

photo: lemos

ANCCE

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THE CORDOBA PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT PROMOTES THE EQUESTRIAN SECTOR Thanks to the signing of an agreement, the Cordoba Provincial Government and the Association Cordoba Ecuestre have agreed to promote the equestrian sector in the province of Cordoba. In addition to supporting this sector, it will "capitalize to the maximum the enormous possibilities" that this province has with regards to the horse world. Courses for horse breeders, grooms, equestrian tourism assistants, farriers, riding instructors, riders and hippotherapy assistants will be offered. The Provincial Government will also support the creation of Vocational Training courses and Employment Workshops that complement and cover the necessities and lacks in this sectorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s labor market. When it comes to equestrian sports, the aim of the agreement is to make Cordoba an alternative venue for equestrian competitions in the various disciplines organized by the Association Cordoba Ecuestre. With the consensus of the Cordoba Provincial Government, it will also be a training and preparation area of the national carriage driving team on the marathon course designed for this purpose at the Centro Agropecuario Provincial (Provincial Agricultural Center). On the other hand, the Association Cordoba Ecuestre will have necessary the human and operational resources to offer the corresponding vocational training course for the aforementioned specialized courses. Tapicero V, ridden by Mar Arroyo, owned by Arroyo PRE and bred by Nobleza del Guadiana

El Caballo EspaĂąol

EQUIPMENT TO RECYCLE HORSE BEDDING WASTE

Most horse owners wish they could wave a magic wand and get rid of the "manure mountain" in their stables. A couple of Canadian entrepreneurs have developed technology that might erase mounds of used bedding, as well as generate a little green. "Our machinery takes the shavings, manure, and urine generated from horse bedding and superheats it to 300° F, killing all bacteria and pathogens," reported Win Wachsmann, partner (with Phil Wilford, developer of the technology) in GreenScene Pellets Inc. "It's then dried and shredded to a powder, which can be used as-is or further pelleted for livestock bedding or as a source of fuel in stoves," he said.

The investment for a GreenScene operation? From $500,000 to $1.5 million, depending on desired components, local costs, and financing options. "We think the best applications are racetracks or large horse farms, which generate tons of waste annually. Though primarily a cost reduction and landfill diversion tactic, this can also provide a revenue stream. Owners could recoup their initial costs in three to five years."

The size of a 48-foot semitrailer, their portable model recycles the waste of up to 200 horses. A larger machine handles the waste of up to 1,000 horses.

THE HONG KONG POST OFFICE ISSUES COMMEMORATIVES STAMPS OF THE EQUESTRIAN DISCIPLINES

The Hong Kong Post Office has issued several commemorative stamps for the Olympic Games dedicated to Show-jumping, Dressage and Eventing. These stamps are available as of August 9th, coinciding with the start of the equestrian competitions. Hong Kong—along with Beijing, Qindao, Tianjin, Shangai, Shenyang and Qinghuandao— is one of the Olympic host cities. It will also host Olympic and Paralympic Competitions for the equestrian disciplines. In addition to the stamps, a limited edition of stamp albums and a set of glass cubes, with three-dimensional etchings inside, have been launched.

ANCCE

Álvaro Domecq, Mercedes González Cort y Joaquín Fernández Cepedello

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THE RONDA TOWN COUNCIL RECEIVES AN 80,000-EURO GRANT FROM THE ANDALUSIAN REGIONAL GOVERNMENT

The Alderman for Agriculture, Forests and Livestock on the Ronda Town Council, socialist Antonio Aranda, has reported on an 80,000-euro grant from the Andalusian Regional Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries for the improvement of breeding facilities located in the Mercadillo area of la Dehesa in Ronda (Malaga).

The breeding facilities are not used to their maximum possibilities. From the Town Council are studying various projects to equip the facilities. One project includes the creation of a Municipal Riding Summer School.

This grant will be specifically used to put up wooden fencing around part of the grounds surrounding the facilities and build a training arena. In the same way, as of January, a new grant will be requested, this time to increase the number of loose boxes at the facilities have.

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El Caballo Espa単ol

Tecnologías aplicadas Efeeme.S.L. FM ofrece soluciones tecnologicamente avanzadas para instalaciones ganaderas. Fabricamos perﬁleria en Polietileno, PVC y complementos. Nuestros productos estan diseñados para reducir los costes de las explotaciones, optimizar recursos y así, garantizar su rentabilidad. LINEA ECUESTRE Boxes de politietileno

1.- Cuales son las dimensiones de cada uno de los box? La medida estándar con la que trabajamos para box son de 3mx3m. y 4mx4m con un ancho de panel entre 43 y 45 mm. El grosor de la estructura es de 4mm. También fabricamos estructuras a medida, según las necesidades de cada cliente, las diferentes líneas morfológicas que crían en el sector y las diferentes explotaciones ecuestres o hípicas.

2.- Como de resistente es el material del que están hechos frente a patadas de los caballos. Frente a las patadas de los caballos, antes de fabricar, calculamos y comprobamos su consistencia, hemos conseguido un producto con resistencia y flexibilidad en el perfil de polietileno que extrusionamos en lamas de 4mm de grosor. El resultado es una base y estructura, con consistencia, resistencia y flexibilidad muy aventajada, frente a posibles fisuras o roturas, que absorbe cualquier patada o golpe, con o sin herradura, sin dejar rastro y su flexibilidad evita que el caballo se lesione al golpear. Todo ello destaca nuestro producto frente a alguno de los inconvenientes del polipopileno macizo o la madera que no reúnen estas características.

3.-Como se comporta este material frente a cambios climáticos? En condiciones atmosféricas normales, esta garantizado. A cambios bruscos de temperaturas Bajo cero o a mas de 50 grados podría alterarse ligeramente su aspecto, aunque no su consistencia, por ello en boxes de exterior reforzamos con pletinas de hierro; el interior de las lamas de polietileno que impiden su deformación. Al mismo tiempo y después de una extrusion especiﬁca para su uso, hemos conseguido un efecto aislante que en el interior mantiene una temperatura ambiente, que resguarda al caballo del frío y del calor.

4.- Que justiﬁca su precio frente a alternativas en madera, y que ventajas aportan sobre estos? Su precio depende del mercado del petróleo, tiene un proceso de elaboración con costes añadidos, aunque una vez fabricado no es perecedero. Sus ventajas. Es ecológico, higiénico, resistente no se erosiona, no se altera de manera notable en el exterior, no pierde color, ni tiene ningún tipo de mantenimiento. Evita lesiones de frotamiento, vicios de cuadra, mordeduras, apoyos degenerativos, transmisión de enfermedades. No permita anidar ningún tipo de bacteria, polilla o insecto ya que su superﬁcie no tiene poro. La madera es natural, no tiene costos de fabricación, es un elemento manipulado por ello parece mas económica, pero esta demostrado, que a largo plazo sale mas caro su mantenimiento, tiene muchos mas inconvenientes que ventajas, trasmite enfermedades, provoca pequeñas abrasiones, se degenera y es perecedera.

5.- Como de sencillo es su montaje, y cual es el coste de montarlos, así como de su transporte? El montaje no es complicado, adjuntamos instrucciones, pero aconsejamos su adquisición bajo la supervisión de un especialista instalador al igual que para su manipulación o transporte.

Complementos ¿Cuáles son los complementos que fabricamos y aportamos a una instalación? Cuadrilongos, letras, comederos, bebederos, forrajeras, carretillas, cubos, etc...

Refugios y Boxes en PVC 1.-Cuales son sus ventajas y prestaciones? Es la instalación ideal para caballos en semi-libertad. Las medidas estándar son de 3x3 o 6x4 con un padock de 10m cuadrados. Dan cabida a uno o dos caballos o a una yegua madre con potro. Su montaje es muy simple, sin puerta, pueden resguardarse de los cambios climatológicos, al mismo tiempo que facilitan al propietario el control de su alimentación y cuidado. Tiene un menor grado de ﬂexibilidad frente al polietileno aunque su calidad, diseño y prestaciones son las mismas. Su mayor ventaja es su precio.

Vallados y Cercados 1.-¿En qué nos diferenciamos de los demás vallados? El vallado POST-RAIL, es ECÓLOGICO, tiene muchas posibilidades tanto en la variación de altura como en número de travesaños, dependiendo del uso que se la va hacer y de la estética que se quiera guardar. Aconsejamos las medidas de H.1.50 de 2 o 3 travesaños para vallados y H.1.20 de 2 travesaños en pistas de trabajo. La primera diferencia es su FÁCIL MONTAJE, no precisa clavos ni soldaduras, su instalación es fácil y rápida. Existen dos opciones, enterrando los postes, o bien con zapatillas atornilladas al suelo. Otra ventaja se encuentra en ahorro que supone tener un producto SIN MANTENIMIENTO, se fabrica con material de carpintería plástica, con lo que podemos garantizar la calidad del mismo, sin que amarillezca ni vitriﬁque, tiene la elasticidad y el grosor suﬁciente.

2.- Cual es su principal cualidad? LA SEGURIDAD, tanto para el jinete como para el caballo. Para el jinete es muy importante, ya que los travesaños pueden montarse lateralmente, con lo que evitamos posibles golpes o heridas ya que la pierna del jinete no se puede lastimar con ningún canto sobresaliente. Otro elemento muy importante para la seguridad del jinete, al ser un material ligeramente ﬂexible, en posibles caídas, amortigua el posible golpe seco, pudiéndose evitar lesiones muy graves, por está razón, es sumamente recomendable en escuelas de equitación, cuando el jinete todavía no es experto.

¿Que ventajas tiene su instalación para caballos en libertad? La misma seguridad. El caballo no se rasca porque no existe ningún tipo de astilla ni de arista, así como todos lo cantos de los perﬁles tanto de postes como de travesaños son cantos redondeados, a ﬁn de evitar daños colaterales, al caballo. En caso de una patada fuerte del caballo, el sistema se compone de unos clips de sujeción, que con el impacto, salte el travesaño que ha tocado, evitando posibles lesiones.

Damos soluciones. Su conﬁanza es nuestra mejor garantía. Maria Luisa Sala Shelly Marketing y comunicación Tel.: +34 93 574 96 54 / Móvil: 629 777 960 Fax: +34 93 574 97 20 marketing@fmgrupo.com / www.fmgrupo.com

THE FORUM 1

The Forum

Rafael Lemos

RENOUNCEMENT OF ADULTHOOD I hereby present my irrevocable renouncement of adulthood. I have decided to accept the responsibility of being six years old again to remember those cowboys who walked through the wetlands of the lower Guadalquivir River and I, as a child, touched their stirrups, chaps and of course, the polished spurs covered in the hair of those horses that were half Anglo-Arab, half Hispano-Arab. I want to go to McDonalds, and believe that it is a five star restaurant. I want to sail paper boats, to paint horses and to make ripples throwing stones into the lake. I want to believe that candy is better than money, because they can be eaten. I want to have a break and to paint with these sights of my wetlands in watercolors. I want to leave the house without worrying what my hair looks like. . I want somebody to get me ready and iron my clothes. I want to return home to a homemade meal and have somebody to cut up my meat. I want to take long baths and to sleep ten hours at night. I want to hug my parents every day and more when they prepared my horse for me and wiped my tears on their shoulders. I want to return to the times where life was simple and we exchanged goods and services instead of money, when everything was colored and there were fairy tales, and when this did not worry me, because I did not know the unknown and I did not worry about not knowing it.

But in some place of my youth, I matured and learned too much. I learned how to suffer hunger at competitions, to always go along with what is fair, to fight the undesirable, the liar, the person who is conceited, the arrogant, of which there are many. I learned how to suffer illness and pain working, without saying anything. I learned in a world where you can be ridiculed and your work unappreciated. I learned how to see hypocrisy and falsehoods, and of course, backstabbing without ever knowing where it had come from. I learned the importance of money with no need for trading and without knowing how to wait. I learned how to not have clients, keeping my hands behind my back and saying to myself â&#x20AC;&#x153;the next time.â&#x20AC;? I learned to see injustice, and to differentiate between good and bad friends, and of course, I have kept the good ones, because for the short time that I will be here, I prefer the good to the bad.

I was happy with what I knew, because I did not know the things that concern and bother me; I want to believe that the world is just. That everybody is honest and good, and not that some are liars, conceited and arrogant. I want to believe that everything is possible and hypocrisy is recognized.

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Rafael Lemos with Catherine Deneuve

El Caballo Espa単ol

The Forum

FĂŠlix Brasseur

EQUITATION AND CARRIAGE DRIVING Formerly, when the horse was only a means of locomotion, that is to say, when they drew carriages with the sole aim of transportation for people from one place to another, equitation as exercise was not of interest. Nevertheless, it would have been as necessary then as it is now, where carriage driving has returned to equitation and it is clear that exercising the horse well is of vital importance for the final result. It is well-known that there is a common base to almost all the equestrian disciplines. This is the work on the lunge, which is usually carried out during basic training. This work consists of the initial contact with the horse; it is then followed by ridden work, which prepares the horseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s back and teaches it to move, to use its skeleton correctly, and its shoulder is freed-up. Thus, by freeingup the shoulder, the forehands are not harmed.

that is possible in a carriage and I have developed a much more precise work, which goes much further, in the driven work of a horse. I am able to get my horses to put their noses on the ground, their backs stretched, at the walk, trot, canter, to make flying changes, to collect them, that is to say, they can do everything just as if they were mounted.

When rounding the back, it uses its hocks correctly, placing them under the body, the loins are flexed or bent, improving the balance and thus avoiding injury. Therefore, this basic equitation is really the basis of the work that will later become specialized towards jumping, dressage, eventing or carriage driving; the discipline for which it has been selected. For carriage driving, you need not ride; thus, you can go further with the lunge work. Working horses on long reins is, by the way, also very beneficial for ridden horses. Working horses in a very light carriage, with two reins, allows the horse to perform shoulder-in, work in the arena and all the lateral work that is impossible to perform with a heavy carriage with reins held too tightly. If the driver is extremely skilled or if they have been a rider, you can get away without riding the horse, knowing that if the horse was ridden, this would allow you to start in a softer, more flexible manner and to prepare the horse to accept the traditional aids: hands, legs, without also having the extra influence of the carriage. So, it is a good idea, at specific times, that the horse that is already trained, returns to mounted work to perform a precise exercise. I believe this depends, to a great extent, on the quality of the driver. If he/ she are already a very good rider, a great deal will be achieved when driving the horse; if, on the other hand, the driver is not a rider, another rider could be able to help. Personally, I do both things. I try to do all

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Pair owned by Hacienda Maria

4-in-hand from Yeguada Hacienda Maria

El Caballo Espa単ol

The Forum

Pascal Evrard

OSTEOPATHIC EQUINE MEDICINE Human osteopathic medicine has, for some time, been proven in humans; however, equine osteopathy slowly began to be developed in Europe about twenty years ago. This focus on horses quickly gained credibility with horse owners, and since the recognition of human osteopathy in April 1999, this discipline has been undergoing unquestionable growth in Europe. The increasing cooperation between manual medicine practitioners and those who practice alternative medicine (classic veterinary medicine) is undeniable proof of this.

Osteopaths are like the civil engineers of the body; curing a physical problem is not enough for them, but rather they also treat the cause behind the dysfunction. Due to this, osteopathy is not limited to a manipulation that lasts a few minutes. This global therapeutic focus is based on the fully recognized sciences such as anatomy, biomechanics, neurology, physiology and pathology. It seems clear that advanced medical training is an essential prerequisite for training in equine osteopathy. The osteopath's hand becomes a true privileged tool for their research and work. They use all the potential of their hands as vectors of human contact as the best means by which to establish a bond to make the desire to cure come true. Unfortunately, the current legislation does not officially recognize the profession in every country. This has led to some therapists and other pseudo-osteopaths to fill this gap, by using the title in any which-way and carrying out manipulations. For the health and the well-being of horses, it is crucial that equine osteopaths have had full medical training, which enables them to exclude pathologies that are not within their competence, and to send the horse to the relevant veterinarian.

The basic principles Osteopathy is not a new science; on the contrary, it is still in full evolution. It was discovered a century ago by Doctor Andrew Taylor Still (1828-1917), who was also an engineer who laid out its principles and bases. He was one of the first to understand the relationships between

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the notion of health and the functional balance of the whole of the body. Osteopathy and manipulation are often confused, and in the minds of many, manipulation means a forceful action against a joint, accompanied by a crack that proves that a vertebra has been “put back into place.” However, the action of vertebral adjustment does not have anything in common with forced manipulation, as this is always carried out within the physiological limits of the joints. The osteopathy is therefore concerned with all the regions of the body of the horse, the skull and the jaw, the organs and the viscera, where the problem is located. It is necessary to consider the horse as “a whole” surrounding the various muscular, facial or physiological components, all united with each other. For Doctor Still, the skeleton is a construction that reacts to mechanical applications and any mechanical disturbance will cause an interference in the operation of the body, independent of the system (for example: locomotive or circulatory) or subsystem (for example: muscular, or arterial). Osteopathy works like a watchmaker, taking pains to detect and repair the damaged gears, which interferes with a second gear that in turn causes problems in the third, and so forth. Therefore, it has nothing to do with the rude practices of the bone-crunchers and other vertebral therapists who want to treat the damage by force. An “osteopathic injury” is the result of a sequential imbalance of several sectors: bone, visceral, muscular, and even mental. Pain does not necessarily accompany

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the dysfunction. This is explained by the fact that the injury is not a center from which pain and irritation spreads, but rather it is a convergence of stimuli. It attempts to reestablish the lost balance of the body that could have been disturbed by: - A fall, sprain or other trauma - A very young horse from which too much has been demanded - A rider whose is more to one side than the other - Tension deriving from a previous bad experience - An organ (viscera) in relationship metameric through the nervous system to the spine.

Indications for osteopathy In dressage, the horse does not perform the exercises that are requested In passage, the horse performs the movements in jerks or finds it difficult to correctly flex a foreleg In piaffe, the horse does not achieve an elastic and elevated trot, or it has a problem with collection, as one of its hind legs is not sufficiently engaged In flying changes, the horse breaks into trot or walk again In canter pirouette, it is not able to drop its hind quarters In leg yielding, it cannot turn its head to the side away from the direction of movement It rejects or it does not accept the bit It cannot bend in one direction, or it remains stiff It tries to bite or kick-out when being saddled In the hand, there is the impression that the bit is bothering it, it has a hard mouth It does not canter as it did before, its results get worse It is in pain on the days following a competition Some types of lameness Follow-up â&#x20AC;&#x153;injuries.â&#x20AC;?

treatment

following

irreversible

These are some of the situations well known by the riders, which the osteopath can solve after clearly consulting the veterinarian that treats the horse and discussing it with them.

Interdependence between structure and function The majority of dysfunctions are not linked to modifications at the structural level of the body; a blockage of an inter-vertebral joint in extension at the lumbar level, due to arthrosis or to a muscular spasm could hinder the correct movement of a hind leg.

The unity of the body A blockage of the joint between the skull (occipital) and the first cervical vertebra (atlas) could be responsible

El Caballo EspaĂąol

for an interference in the correct movement of the sacrum (pelvic bone), which affects the movement in piaffe. The capacity for self-correction and self-treatment of the body The osteopath does not seek to cure, but to free the various blockages in such a way as to cause the body to recover its own balance. Returning life and movement to all the structures (bones, muscles, joints, viscera, liquids…), the osteopath causes the organism to react, fight and defend itself against aggression with phenomena of self-regulation.

The rule of the artery A region of the body without blood flow will weaken and will not perform its function correctly. For example, a blockage of the C7/th1 joint (in the base of the neck) will cause a disturbance to the blood flow to one or both of the forelegs, and with time, could cause a lack of blood flow to the hoof (Navicular syndrome).

How does it work? After having noted the horse’s complaints, the first task of the osteopath is to discover where the problem is located, analyzing, before anything else, how the horse moves, and then checking the skeleton, as this is the pillar, the key that supports the rest. He/she will try balance the movement and to carefully reinstate the bony segments that move with more difficulty than the others. The osteopath will be guided by the laws of biomechanics; he/she will evaluate the tension, the suppleness and the joint physiology (capacity for movement of the joints). Thanks to this study, he/she will be able to deduce what could be the cause of the problem. The equine osteopath will then contemplate the various manual techniques (gentle in the majority of cases) from among which he/she will select the most appropriate for the type of tissue to be corrected (bone, muscle, viscera, tendons…) with the aim of readjusting the structures and, as a consequence, reestablishing the disturbed functions.

Pascal Evrard died in a traffic accident in Germany in 2003 at the age of 44. He wrote two books about veterinary osteopathy: Introduction à l’ostéopatie structurelle appliquée au cheval (Introduction to structural osteopathy applied to horses) and Introduction à l’ostéopatie cranio-sacrée appliquée au cheval (Introduction to cranial-sacra osteopathy applied to horses). These works are appearing soon in English thanks to a US publisher. His wife has authorized the reproduction of this article that was published in the magazine “Le Monde Vétérinaire” (Veterinarian World).

“Introduction to cranial-sacra osteopathy applied to horses”

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“Introduction to structural osteopathy applied to horses”

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THE M A L L

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THE M A L L

El Caballo Espa単ol

AMUSEMENT

Do you agree with the judges? This horse has been judged by two Qualified Conformation Judges, who commonly appear in competition. There was no communication between them and, therefore, neither of them knows what the other has written. If you want to compare your opinion with theirs, and then see the differences and similarities between the three, complete this Score Sheet and look at the answer on page 86

JUDGES : â&#x20AC;˘ Mr. Victor Huertas â&#x20AC;˘ Mr. Luis Lucio Perez SCORE SHEET Limbs and hind limb alignment Note: Comments:

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SPORTS EQUESTRIAN PARALYMPICS Even before talking about riding in the Paralympics, you must ﬁrst differentiate between two types of therapeutic riding: Competitive equitation and hippotherapy. Although any of the various sports play an important therapeutic role for people with disabilities, hippotherapy is a type of therapeutic riding that seeks improvement within the degree of disability that the person carrying out the sport has, whether it is cerebral paralysis, an intellectual or physical disability, or even social behavioral problems. The other discipline is competitive riding for the disabled, which is regulated by the FEDDI (Federación Española Deportistas Discapacitados Intelectuales) meaning Spanish Federation for Intellectually Disabled Athletes. This organization is responsible for organizing the Spanish National Championships for any competitive discipline and all aspects of equestrian related sports.

Recently, the Spanish Equitation Championships held an event in Castellón, in which 56 athletes with disabilities took part, competing in Dressage. Once again, these were divided into various categories, depending on the degree of disability or the riding level. Prior to the Spanish Championships, there is week of training in which riders and Championship organizers work together to inform the athletes about the rules and regulations, tests, etc. The objective is to observe the riders and divide them into the various categories, as well as the horses at the

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equestrian center where the event is held. Most of the athletes do not participate with their own horses, but rather, with those of the riding center where the Spanish National Championships are held annually. This is the main responsibility of José Ángel Romera, who is the Technical Consultant for the Federation and National Trainer for equestrian sports.

SECTIONS AND CATEGORIES Within Dressage, there are the following categories:

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- Riding skills: including an obstacle course with cones, poles, pivots, etc.. This test is performed by riders with a more severe disability, at walk and accompanied at all times by a Federation instructor. - Adapted Test: judged by two judges, one national and the other regional, just as if it were a Regional Category Dressage Championships, but always taking into consideration the rider’s disability. In this test, the judge takes into consideration the figures. It is performed at walk and trot. - Competition Test: this is the highest level. Each rider usually takes his/her own horse and performs the IPEC test, the International Para-equestrian “Derby Test.” In this case, judging is as if it were Dressage Championships but for a child or adolescent rider. The test, performed at walk, trot and canter, includes circles, diagonals and halts for the duration of six seconds. The Absolute Spanish National Champion is selected from this category. This year, Sonia Villalba and her horse “Nantano” were once again crowned Spanish National Champion. Should she decide to participate

in the Paralympics in Beijing, she would represent Spain. This seems more than a challenge for three reasons; the huge distance between Beijing and Spain, the weather conditions for both riders and horses, and the high economic cost, which is an almost impossible hurdle. In terms of the horses used for therapeutic riding, the technical characteristics, conformation and the mind of the horse are important factors, as the horse must adjust to work with a handicapped rider. When it comes to competitive riding, it is important that the horse has a “good head”, in addition to finding the paces easy, and having a good character. Depending on the horse’s level and the rider’s handicap, the horse may have more or less spirit, but a less spirited horse is always favored as the reactions of the rider are slower. In terms of breeds, in my case, and overlooking my job as national trainer, and as the trainer of the five riders at the Club ANDE in Soria, I use several horses, including two PRE horses. The first of these is Níagaro Lezama, a stallion, but both horses, thanks to their personalities, meet all the aforementioned characteristics and needs.

El Caballo Español

CLUB HÍPICO DE LETUX (ZARAGOZA)

THE PRE, CRUCIAL AT RIDING SCHOOLS by María Sáez de Propios

Show-jumping Competition held this year at the Letux Club

The PRE Horse has become a crucial element in schools of equitation. Due to this, the Club Hípico de Letux (Letux Equestrian Club) uses PRE Horses in the various activities they offer. Letux, with about 500 inhabitants, is a small town to the south-east of Zaragoza where show-jumping has always been particularly popular. This equestrian discipline is why this club exists today, as it was created in 1987 to host the Aragón National Show-jumping Competition. That year, the Festivity Commission and the Town Council, thanks to the initiative of the then Mayor, Gregorio Artal, promoted the Club Hípico de Letux.

Diverse activities At this school, in addition to riding horses, a number of other activities are offered such as children’s parties and social gatherings for underprivileged groups, as well as competitions of various disciplines such as CSN* Show-jumping and carriage driving. As something special, at Christmas, a very emotional activity takes place: they collect the letters to the Wisemen and then help them give out presents on the day of the Christmas Parade.*

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One of the most requested activities are those that focus on family oriented events, such as the “lost trade day,” in which grandparents explain their own lifestories to their grandchildren.

Pupils Most of the pupils at the club come from the region of Belchite, but as the president of the club, Mª Jesús Artal, told us, “We now have many friends who decide

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to learn with us, who travel to Letux from Zaragoza.” This club offers activities for all ages, from six to sixty. Horses have a very positive influence on pupils, providing them with countless positive experiences such as “respect for the environment, in addition to making them feel more responsible and taking more care with the horse, and an understanding is established between them, which is very difficult to explain”, commented Artal. Equitation triggers important learning reactions, such as the love of animals, the satisfaction of teaching, the love they offer and shortly “we will try to attract children with Down’s Syndrome.” The rise in the number of pupils, and the interest people have in taking part in an equestrian discipline is progressive and is increasing over the years, in a considerable way. “We also have many pupils who contact with us through the local and regional Rural Tourism office.”

Methodology There are lessons in natural horsemenship and doma vaquera. At this club, we use different breeds of horses that can be a mixture of two or three breeds, Arabs, Hispano-Arabs or Purebred Spanish Horses. The PREs are used fundamentally for hacking out, because they are more honest and, as the president of the Club stated, “they are used to the surprises that often arise in nature.” “We are an organization that tries to invest its time in ensuring that the youngest people spend time with their family.” Once they have been started in the discipline of their choice, we direct them to professional centers. They have Rocío Ros, for dressage, and Carlos Nicuesa for Doma Vaquera, both have won a great many prizes in their disciplines and “we have the honor of having shared our time with them.”

“Some of our efforts focus on the well-being of the horse, constructing a therapeutic centre for horses, and an evaporation system, which means that they can enjoy a more relaxed atmosphere.”

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TECHNICAL INFORMATION 1. Location: Letux (Zaragoza) Natural training exercises to establish communication with the horse through its own language, without using violence

In short “we will try to attract children with Down’s Syndrome.”

2. Property: Available space 3. Nº and breed of horses: 24 (Spanish-AngloArab- Friesian –Crossbreds) 4. Facilities: 24 box stalls, two earth arenas, covered school, grass arena, isolation box, treatment room and solarium for horses. 5. Personnel: three instructors, two grooms and a stable hand 6. Type of teaching: basic, first contact with the horse world

Rainbow Fair for the very young

The level of satisfaction of those who promote the school, as Mª Jesús Artal explained, “is high, but everything can be improved, so we work hard to keep improving. For example, this year our show-jumping competition, on its 21st anniversary, managed to go up a category, to one-star, thanks to the support of the Aragón Government, the Aragón Tourist Board and the Letux Town Hall.”

priority needs is a project that has already started, which “aims some of our efforts to the well-being of the horse, constructing a therapeutic centre for horses, and an evaporation system, which means that they can enjoy a more relaxed atmosphere”, according to Artal. All this is always for the horses.

Equitation has become a sport for everyone. You can take part in these disciplines for a starting price of ten euros and have a horse for learning at their facilities for 150 euros.

* Translator’s note: In Spain, instead of writing to Santa Claus and expecting a gift on December 25, children write to the Wiseman in hope of receiving a give on January 6 (Epiphany), when tradition states that the Wiseman arrived in Bethlehem to give their presents to baby Jesus.

The strong point of the school is the companionship and the desire to enjoy the world of horses. Among the Club’s

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7. Nº of pupils: 40-60 students in winter and 160 during the summer season.

This equitation club can certainly say that is demonstrated its most humane side.

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ANCCE SCHOLARSHIPS FOR 5-, 6- AND 7-YEAR-OLD DRESSAGE HORSES

Nuria Vila riding Levitón XII owned by Yeguada Juan Vázquez and bred by Miguel Bohórquez

As a breeder association, we would like to implement measures that will help get the most from the qualities of the PRE horses and to disseminate these internationally. The objective is for us to back horses with potential for dressage so they enjoy the necessary continuity and support to reach the very highest level, which is Gran Prix. We must try to ensure that there is a selection of PRE horses with excellent results competing in the international arena. The ANCCE Team is a selection of the best 5-, 6- and 7-year-old horses (which could be extended as far as Gran Prix in the future), who have proven their quality results throughout the year. This is a medium-term project, in which the objective is to improve the current level of PRE horses competing in the top level tests.

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In this section, we would like to have the best dressage horses, because they will act as an international advertisement for the breed. We already have the examples of Evento, Invasor, Distinguido, Oleaje, and now Fuego. ANCCE wishes to support the young elite PRE horses to promote them to the highest level possible. Due to this, ANCCE is backing a training program for those PRE horses with the best results in various tests, based on age. This support will continue provided the said horses comply with a series of requirements until they reach the Gran Prix level. The scholarships consist of a monthly, €800 payment to finance training expenses, maintenance and participation at competitions for 5-, 6- and 7-year old horses. Four horses will be chosen for each level, provided that the minimum average scores are

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Each horse will receive 9,600 euros annually ANCCE continues to further its plan for the promotion of PRE horses in Spain and abroad reached. ANCCE is also considering economic support to attend international competitions outside of Spain, provided that the results back the horse and the ANCCE Competition Commission so advises.

The horse must be entered in competitions with the prefix ANCCE, and both the rider and the horse will advertise ANCCE on their clothes, according to the RFHE (Royal Equestrian Federation of Spain) Rules and Regulations.

This scholarship is aimed at members of ANCCE. If the owner is not a member of ANCCE, he/she must join before receiving the grant. The owner of the horse will sign a contract with ANCCE covering these aspects.

The number of horses selected for each age could be increased should the minimum number of places established not be filled in another category, provided the Competition Commission so decides, depending on the quality of the candidates.

Those horses achieving the best averages, in their level, throughout the year will be eligible for these scholarships, providing these averages exceed 67%. The ANCCE Competition Commission will select the horses and riders by taking into consideration the average of the final scores achieved at three national level ANCCE Cup competitions, the Final of the ANCCE Cup and the Young Horse Championship of Spain (for the 5 and 6 year-olds). Every year, following the aforementioned Spanish National Championship, the commission will select the horses based on the results achieved. Owners will be granted the scholarships for the following year. To select the 5-year-olds, the scores in the tests for 4 years from the previous year will be taken into consideration; the same process will be followed all the way up to the 7-year-olds.

After the Spanish Young Horse Dressage Championships has taken place, the list of the best horses in each agegroup will be updated.

What does ANCCE require? • The horse must hold a valid passport that accredits it as a PRE. • Maintain the averages established for each level. • Exhibition of ANCCE Team publicity on all the rider’s training clothing, as well as the horse’s rugs, tack box, stable and transport. Also, the prefix “ANCCE” must be used in the horse’s name in all entries for competitions. • Invoices for the established amounts. • The ANCCE competition commission will decide on the competition plan jointly with the owner, supervising the horse’s work and following its progress. The horse must follow this plan to benefit from the grant, with exceptions made for justified reasons.

Scholarships are granted to the horse, so if ownership changes, the new owner will automatically receive the corresponding amount, provided that the horse continues competing and the required levels of results are attained. The ANCCE Competition Commission will follow the progress of each horse/rider throughout the year.

• Participate in at least three ANCCE Cups, the final and the Spanish National Championship for young horses (for 5 and 6-year olds).

If due to injury or any other reason, a horse leaves the competition arena, the scholarship will be cancelled automatically.

• The ANCCE Competition Commission must receive a monthly report about the horse’s progress, issued by the trainer.

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Beijing 2008 by José A. Fdez. Lineros

BY JUST A SNITCH After four years of hard work and after overcoming a number of obstacles, a new dressage team representing Spain headed off to Beijing. As they had qualified as individuals, only three could travel. All three were overflowing with job and the hopes of doing a good job. They were also aware of their limits, so achieving an Olympic diploma was an accessible objective. Bad luck smashed the competition dreams for Faberge, the horse that Beatriz Ferrer Salat would be riding suffered an accident. Being that there was no reserve, there were only two left to represent Spain: Jordi Domingo riding Prestige and Juan M. Muñoz riding Fuego XII. They were left to battle it out at the individual level, but it was clear that they were unlikely to be among the medal winners. In the first test, the Gran Prix, Fuego, in spite of his youth and limited

experience, managed to end up among the twentyfive participants who qualified to take part in the Gran Prix Special, but Prestige failed to do so and was left out. On Saturday, the 16th (of August), Juan Manuel Muñoz riding Fuego hit the arena in Hong Kong, to earn an average of 68.160—that placed them at the top of the charts, among the fifteen finalists for the Gran Prix KUR, however, in the end, Fuego came sixteenth only a few tenths away from the cut off. That was the end of Spain’s participation in the 2008 Olympic Games. Although the results seemed far from brilliant, in all truth, PRE horses have once again reached the highest international competitions to be among some of the best in the world of Dressage. Congratulations!

Juan M. Muñoz riding Fuego XII at Beijing 2008

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Equestrian trades

Carriage upholsterys by Susan Niederberger

1 The sattlerei Niederberger was founded in 1991 as a small family business. The firm restores and refurbishes old cars and carriages (the interior of early cars being the same as the late carriage linings.) Beat is a Swiss master saddler and Susan is responsible for the upholstering; every three years, an apprentice is accepted, they are responsible for this trade lasting through time so that is it not lost. The firm has worked for collectors throughout Europe (England, France, Belgium, and Germany) and for Swiss museums. Beat and Susan do only the interiors and all leather work, although they have also conserved and restored harness (the earliest dating from 1780), as well as sedan chairs. They are proud to be able to offer advice in the question of interiors thanks to their extensive knowledge of European carriages and their interiors which is a rather overlooked part of a carriage.

The carriage when it arrived at our workshop

When the roads started to improve and the people started to travel more often, the expertise of the upholsterers improved almost in parallel with the seat designers, in terms of style and quality

much has been written about coaches and carriages, their usage, construction and turnout, but very little has ever been noted about their interiors; the beautiful and very costly silks, wool cloths, velvets, leathers and laces used and the styles in which they were worked. This article hopes to give a few ideas as to the style and use of materials. Firstly, what is the purpose of upholstery in carriages? Mainly it was used to make traveling as comfortable as possible. Since the roads were so bad and uneven, the passengers needed all the comfort and padding that the coach builder could provide. People lived with beautiful textiles in their houses and wanted the same splendour and comfort when traveling. They wanted salons on wheels. Not only was the paintwork and design of carriage a display of wealth, also the interior played a very large part in defining the ornate carriage.

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Why would one wish to change or restore an interior? Time damages carriages. The fabrics used for interiors are susceptible to light, damp, mould and of course moth. Unless they have been stored under near perfect conditions they are often falling to pieces. (Figs. 1 and 2, before and after restoration). One often hears people lamenting the loss of an original interior without having seen what the carriage looked like before restoration was started. Sometimes one buys a carriage that has been done up by a previous owner in a fashion that detracts from the beauty, originality and value of the vehicle. Other carriages have no interior remaining, it having been taken out because it was so damaged (Fig. 3). It might even be that the owner would like something different than the original lining. Here one must be very knowledgeable to be able to create an interior of the same style and quality, and have the ability to source suitable materials.

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If the carriage has no interior lining left, before putting in a new one you must consider three main points: A. The style of the original interior B. The original purpose for which the vehicle was built C. The standard of the vehicle in question. Any evidence as to the original lining such as photographs or scraps of fabric can be useful here, as can knowledge of any similar carriages of the same period built by the same builder and still in original condition. Armed with all the knowledge one has gained, the next job is to find an experienced restorer. As to the question of style, early coaches had very plain, simple interiors. These were often simply lined with large pieces of silk velvet tacked to the walls and had padded cushions, rather like sedan chairs, and were trimmed with metallic laces. As the road surfaces became better and travel more common, so the trimmer’s skills developed almost parallel to the chair makers in style and quality. More padding was used which was kept in place by buttons threaded through the materials holding the backing and facing fabrics together. Around 1825 there was a fashion for a large amount of padding which made the interiors much smaller than necessary. It is important to remember when considering style that just as each country’s coach builders had their different styles of building, they also lined and trimmed carriages in their own way (Fig. 4 shows a typical Scandinavian lining, the cushions having no top line and a fringe on the arm rest). The style of laces used also evolved. After 1806 they could be industrially produced which brought the price down and made it possible to be used in more carriages. Early lace (1810-1840) was very flowery and then became progressively more geometrical, being of the type seen today in vintage cars and late carriages with their original linings. Sporting vehicles with upholstery such as drags, Lonsdale waggonettes and carriages made to carry spectators to watch sporting events, often had very simple lace with two lines either side of a wide silk strip. Figure 5 shows the lace used in an English traveling landau c. 1840, Fig. 6 shows a Greek key or meander lace produced in many colours and used around 1860-1900, and Fig. 7 shows a sporting lace used to trim a French built private drag. There were fashions for certain colours which date a vehicle - therefore, knowing the age of the vehicle one wishes to restore can help with the choice of colours. Generally speaking, in the 19th century they used light colours for closed carriages and dark for open.

Showing the ﬁnished lining pinned in ready for the next phase

The back rest missing showing the inside of the sword case

The passengers require all the comfort and cushions that the constructor of the coach is able to give them 7

A pattern of lace suitable for a sporting vehicle

As to the question of purpose, one needs to know if it was built for presentation, traveling, sporting activities, or as an ostentatious display of wealth, as this will influence the materials used. State and dress coaches or chariots were mainly lined with silk damask or tabinet also known as poplin and matching lace. Coloured Morocco leather (goatskin) was often combined with wool cloth and used in traveling carriages, leather being hard wearing, easy to clean and cool in the hot dusty days spent on the road. Pigskin was only used on sporting vehicles, again being hard wearing and less likely to show the dust. Park vehicles were lined with a soft and comfortable wool cloth in the colour of the

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A Scandinavian interior showing soft cushions

A step cover from a 1840 Landau

A modern interior made with modern backing and stufďŹ ng materials

The fashions of the colors help to date a vehicle. In general, in the 19th century, pale colors were used for closed carriages and dark colors for open ones

Greek key silk and cotton broad lace

day or the more expensive carriages with cotton and silk tabinet, both trimmed with a silk lace often with a floral pattern.

part that came into contact with clothing was brown, such as the reins, gloves, riding saddles and bridles and boot tops.

Before making a final decision about the quality of materials, one must also consider the class of the carriage in question. The more ornate the carving and paintwork, the more luxurious the interior and its fittings. John Jervis wrote in 1827 that...â&#x20AC;?the elegance of the interior of a carriage depends much upon the pattern and breadth of the lace with which the lining is borderedâ&#x20AC;?. Carriages used for leisure could be more decorative. Carriages without a hood needed fabrics which would not be ruined if rained upon.

Figure 8 shows a style of carriage upholstery using wool cloth but without any lace or trimming, which is the finishing touch which gives the interior its strength, character and individuality. It has been said that the disappointment with a lesser quality lasts far longer than the pleasure of getting something cheap. This is very true in the case of interiors. If one cannot sit on the seats because the fabrics will fray or show too much wear or the cushions lose their shape, then it would be better to leave well alone. If the new interior is not of the correct style, type and quality, it can even devalue a carriage.

Two types of materials are needed to upholster carriages, the first being the backing and stuffing materials. Backing materials include hard wearing jute, linen and heavy cotton cloth. The best stuffing materials are still the kinds found under original linings and include horsehair, deer hair, and seagrass. For facing materials, good, heavyweight wool cloth can be found in a variety of colours and good silk tabinet can still be woven to match original fabric. Coaching lace is sold in various qualities, the best being made by Karl Steif GmbH in Augsburg, Germany, along with other materials for restoring high class vehicles. Morocco leather and pigskin can be bought from most good leather dealers. Other than Morocco, coloured hide was never used on original carriages as the dying procedure was not available at that time to set the dye, which would have rubbed off on clothing. This was the reason that all harness was black but any

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Carriages are a very important part of our heritage. Carriages represent travel which was the way in which our societies grew. Due to our ability to travel overland, new territories were discovered and trade routes established. Countries with colonies quickly became rich, which in turn created enough new wealth to fuel the development of new carriage designs, and so it went on. The golden days of horse drawn carriages would have been between 1840 and 1900. Most vehicles privately owned date from this period. It is important to realise that we are only custodians of these objects for an indefinite period of time and that we have a duty to keep the authenticity of each piece as far as it is possible for the next generation to appreciate.

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ANCCE REPORTS LIST OF HORSES APPROVED BETWEEN 2004 AND 2007 The ANCCE web-site (www. ancce.es) has started a new project that offers visitors a list of approved horses owned by full members. The list contains all those horses that were approved between 2004 and 2007. The name of the horse, its owner, at the time of the TQB and its breeder are published. There is also a system that allows you to search by the name of the horse, breeder or owner. We are currently in the process of expanding the information provided by collecting photographs of these horses. In addition, the results of the 2008 TQBs will appear as the events are held. This information will be available in the TQBâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Results section of the main menu. In addition, in the area of the web-site, www.ancce.com, which is restricted to full members of ANCCE, the full list of approved horses in the same period with the same information, can be viewed. To access this area of the web, breeders must use their password and user name. All ANCCE breeders may contact the IT department to request a user name and password. (informatica@ancce.com).

Ibiza III, a qualiďŹ ed breeder from Ganadera AG

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ANCCE

HAS

ORGANIZED

CLINIC

THE

CONFORMATIONANDPRESENTATIONOFPREHORSES IN LOS ANGELES AND SAN FRANCISCO (CALIFORNIA) The event, organized by ANCCE—the National PRE Horse Breeders’ Association of Spain as part of its 2008 promotional plan, was attended by some thirty prestigious breeders in the US. Their single objective was to analyze the conformation of their horses in depth, and improve their presentation in hand and at functionality tests, but without overlooking the need for prior preparation and esthetics in the presentation of stallions and mares, as well as the care of manes, trimming, etc.

Ignacio Bravo, judge and presenter, was in charge of the classes given at the PRE Horse Conformation and Presentation clinic on the 12th and 13th July in the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco in California. PRE horses are “in” in the US, and there is a great desire on behalf of local breeders and enthusiasts to have information about the breed and learn more about everything involved. This clinic was a success, just as were others organized by ANCCE about the PRE Horse in various other countries throughout this year. We hope that those yet to be held will enjoy similar success and results. ANCCE backs clinics as part of the promotional plan as a necessary means to deepen into the knowledge of the PRE horse, as they provide owners and breeders the world over with the possibility of leaning more about

the breed and enjoying their horses to the maximum. Proposals have been received for specific topics to be covered at the clinics at international level. The participants of the Los Angeles clinic can put their recently acquired knowledge to work during the celebration of the competition “2008 Feria del Caballo Espanol PRE” in the USA, held in California between the 8th to the 10th of August. It is not only the USA breeders who will be able to put their new knowledge acquired at this clinic into practice, but also those from other countries, as ANCCE will continue to organize clinics throughout the world upon request. Currently, ANCCE is backing activities related to improving the conformation competitions in such countries as Holland and Sweden.

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MAJOR PROMOTION OF THE PUREBRED SPANISH HORSE AT THE ROYAL SHOW (UNITED KINGDOM) ANCCE has been promoting the Purebred Spanish Horse at the most noted agricultural event of the year held in Warwickshire (England) from the 3rd to 6th of July.

Inaugurated in 1849, the show is an international agricultural platform organized by the Royal Agricultural Society of England (RASE). However, since 1992 it has taken place at Stoneleigh Park. Since then, the Royal Show has become one of those “not to be missed appointments” for breeders and farmers from all over the world. It is a meeting place for companies and other professionals from the sector and a place to see the best British livestock compete in world class competitions and take a close look at the latest innovations offered by international companies and in agricultural technology and farming. The 36 m2ANCCE stand was located in the equine area of The Royal Show; to be precise, between two of the competition arenas. From this position, we were able to watch the best representation in horses from the United Kingdom, as well as world class equine exhibitions and international show jumping competitions. In exchange, the breeders from the rest of the world were able to enjoy small exhibitions of PRE Horses in the arena. These came from Barcelona and are owned by Agustí Elías, Juan Manuel Fernández, and Laureano Martínez. Moreover, representatives from Yeguada La Yedra, Yeguada Centurion and Gonzalo Valenzuela visited the event, and stopped by our stand. PRE Horses are quite well known in England. There are true lovers of this breed and people who know SICAB well—something that was confirmed by the many

people we attended at the stand. This made our work much easier, when it came to promoting the breed. Informative and didactic material about the PRE and the association was distributed, as well as posters and DVD's about SICAB and the breed. We offered footage of the Purebred Spanish Horses at liberty, at work in the field, taking part in exhibition and competition carriage driving, dressage, Doma Vaquera, Show jumping and Alta Escuela. The main objective of stand and the promotional efforts was to reach breeders abroad and all potential public, but we decided to take it one step further and to reach into the British Royal Household, who is true lovers of the world of the horse. We achieved our goal; we managed to reach as far as Prince Charles of England and Camilla Parker-Bowles, and we able to personally give both of them informative material with details and characteristics of the breed, in addition to ANCCE merchandise. The RASE and Royal Show organization was awesome in their coordination; the volunteers, with their constant and magnificent work, were most outstanding, as were the Stewards (commissaries) offered to the Spaniards and in short to ANCCE, who were exceptional. Santiago Mendioroz, CEO of the ICEX (Spanish Institute of Spanish Trade) visited the stand to receive information about the equine market and contacts of interest.

Ines Parias giving ANCCE promotional material to Prince Charles

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PRE Horse Exhibition in the arena Ignacio Candau representing ANCCE with UK breeder John Houston

Pablo Martin from Yeguada la Yedra and Gonzalo Valenzuela, PRE Horse breeder from Cordoba

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SPECIALIZED LG-PRE-ANCCE STUD BOOK COURSE FOR INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION STAFF This past 23rd to the 27th of June, the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book ofﬁce organized a specialization course for the staff working at international association ofﬁces handling the Purebred Spanish Horse Stud Book.

Everyone was pleased with the course, which provided both theoretical information and hands-on experience in the procedures utilized in the various registration processes.

made by breeders and owners (including certificates, registrations, ownership cards, renewal of documents, basic evaluations, etc.). Each association will have its own, personalized access to the LG-PRE-ANCCE program so that they may send and receive essential information at all times. Thus, the level of service given to breeders will depend greatly on the specific association to which they belong, and each individual will have real-time access to track the status of any request affecting a breeder.

Representatives from Australia, Belgium, Costa Rica, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom attended the course.

Services will be made closer at hand, faster and easier. As all PRE-related paperwork will be handled by the National Association of each individual, breeders will be the main beneficiaries of these services.

Until now, national associations have depended on the main Stud Book office for all processes, which lead to persistent work overloads.

The practical application will become a reality during the month of July, following a basic evaluation of LGPRE-ANCCE services that was provided to Australia, France, Holland, New Zealand, Nicaragua, and the United States.

Attended by representatives from wherever PRE horses are bred world-wide, the course provided information and experience in how to use the SADIEL designed computer application. This new software offers significant advances in the handling and management of registration.

With the new program, each association will have the ability to initiate any and all requests for services

Participants at the course organized by the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book ofﬁce

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ANCCE DEDICATES 800,000 EUROS TO PROMOTING THE PRE HORSE THE WORLD OVER

Junco FS from Yeguada Arroyomonte

photo: marÍa sÁez de propios

ANCCE has elaborated an international promotional plan for PRE Horses, and has allotted eight hundred thousand euros to reach the people in ﬁfteen countries, including Germany, the United Kingdom, Italy, the United States, Sweden, Denmark, France, Australia, New Zealand, Holland, Belgium, France, Mexico, Guatemala and Costa Rica The said plan was presented before the press this past 27th of June in Madrid, and later sent to all ANCCE members.

section that have been specifically selected for their illustrative abilities.

It has been designed to venture further into the usual markets and clientele, such as breeders and nonprofessional riders located in the various countries of the EU, as well as the US, this plan will also include those markets and clientele closer to home, which, up until now, have not been fully developed. This refers t22+o nonprofessional Spanish riders, including children and youngriders, in the dressage and show-jumping disciplines.

Finally, clinics will be offered in various countries where breeders and enthusiasts may get training in various subjects affecting the PRE, such as presenting at competitions, Spanish high school, dressage and carriage driving.

Thus, the plan seeks to promote grassroots dressage, and to help to the extent of our possibilities that the best horses reach Gran Prix and are not lost due to a lack of resources. Alternatively, the Breed Book, which aims to become the basic manual for all those who love the PRE, will be published. This book will contain information about PRE conformation, the selection scheme, the history of the breed and its and competitive successes. It includes the essential information for anyone seeking to remain wellinformed regarding the Purebred Spanish Horse. It will be published in both Spanish and English, be designed of the highest quality, and contain photographs for each

Other action items included in the plan are summarized below: - Trade mission to SICAB with international equestrian journalists - Attendance, including a stand, at events in Germany, the United Kingdom and Italy. - Creation of a representative performance for use at international trade fairs. - Direct trade missions to a number of emerging countries and markets. - Support of conformation competitions held outside Spain. - Support for those Spanish riders and drivers of PRE horses that attend international competitions. - Publicity in international equestrian magazines.

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MAJOR CHANGES FOR THE AUCTION In 2008, the 5th PRE Horse Auction will be held on Saturday, the 29th of November at a venue outside of SICAB. Last year’s experience has motivated changes in several aspects to guarantee the success of this auction.

ADVANCE FOR THE 2008 AUCTION - The auction will take place at a venue outside SICAB. The Equestrian Event is an extremely important attraction for visitors and potential purchasers; therefore, the auction will coincide in time with SICAB, but, SICAB is also a significant market for PRE Horses. This could result in staunch competition and comparisons between the horses competing at the Spanish National Championships. Accredited and potential buyers will be transferred by bus to the auction venue, where they will be attended. - Likewise, the auction must have its own personality and be held in a relaxed environment without the distraction of the other activities held at SICAB. - The starting prices for horses will the same as in 2006; that is to say, €6,000 for the stallions, €4,500 for the mares and €2,500 for each filly of a lot.

- Horses will be presented at SICAB from Tuesday to Friday, thus increasing their presence in the arena so they can be seen by those who are interested. - Auction promotion will be increased through agreements

with

equestrian

magazines

disseminate information about the auction and the horses taking part in it. Also, there will publicity in international magazines to attract potential buyers from other countries as well as contacts will brokers from other countries to invite them to the auction. Our web-site will continue to report on all auctionrelated matters. - There will be a veterinary protocol for the selection of horses. The X-ray examination will be valid for the presentation of the horse at a TQB, under the 2008 conditions for the tribunals.

Revoltosa XXIX, owned by Paco Marti

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PROFILES by JosĂŠ A. Fdez. Lineros

Sonia Villalba Where I had the best time in my life was at the School in Jerez, where everyone was very kind and affectionate and I had a great time with the Spanish Horses

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The innocence of a Champion

The

six hundred kilos of ORGULLOSO XXVI left the floor rhythmically in a majestic piaffe while Sonia’s face glowed, although her expression remained serious. Then, when the horse cam to a halt, a huge emotional smile appeared on her face—I boasted an even bigger one at seeing Sonia’s happiness. It was back in 1998 when she was doing a course for stable groom at the same place where I had horses, among them, Orgulloso, a tremendous

PRE stallion, measuring more than 1.73m at the withers and who was extraordinary noble. Right from the start the two of them established a relationship; it was a relationship of complicity and companionship, which for her, became almost an obsession. When she disappeared from the sight of her instructors, you need not have to think much about where to find her. All you needed to do was to go to Orgulloso’s stable; there she was, inside the box, caressing the horse that remained relaxed and still. In the afternoons, in their free time,

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Sonia walked to the arena to watch me riding and ask, over and over again, if she could ride Orgulloso, until I finally agreed. She brushed, bandaged and saddled him and later in the arena she trotted and cantered with him until the moment came in which they would perform passage and piaffe and Orgulloso would once again leave the ground, pushing his mass up with such a softness and elasticity that he gave the impression that he did not want to bother his rider.

dismount, wash him off and give him carrots and apples and I sometimes do his bed. Sometimes I also ride other horses for my instructor or for a friend. In the afternoons I look after my dogs, I walk them, take them to the veterinarian if necessary and I sometimes go swimming. Sometimes I also ride in the afternoon.”

Sonia is 68% disabled and has an IQ of 55, but according to her mother, she has developed a social intelligence that is much higher than expected thanks to her interaction with “I would like to be able to do horses and, clearly, to the piaffe and passage because efforts of her family. Horses, it is very beautiful, but it is always horses and she has difficult for me.” had several in her life, all of which hold a special place in Sonia is, to a certain degree, her heart. “My first mare was aware of her disability; Endora. She was very good sometimes more conscious and jumped very well. She than us who work with her; we was grey. She got ill and had forget how easy it is because to be turned out to grass, working with Sonia is relaxed where she had three foals. and flowing and she takes I ended up jumping her Orgulloso XXVI, ridden by Jose A. Fdez. Lineros advantage of an exquisite in group V show-jumping education. She owes all this competitions. If she saw a to her parents—Annette and loose horse she would takeDaniel. They say that she owes it to horses. At the age of 12, when she started riding off at a gallop, but apart from that, she was very good. at the Country Club Josechu Verdugo, “who is still my The first day that I had her, a loose pony galloped past instructor and I still jump a little with him”, horses have and she took-off at great speed, for the stables. I held been a vital constant to which she and her family have on, but it gave me quite a fright.” But above all, her held fast, so that she can develop her capacities as far “Gordito.” “In fact he is called Hogewald´s Nantano. He is a bay stallion, not very tall (about 155 cm at as possible so that Sonia is able to the withers) and I have had him lead an almost normal life. for five years now. This year he “When I get up, first, I take out turned 19, but he is in great shape. my two dogs, Ayax and Troya; Last year I took him to the World they are Water Spaniels. I have Championships, in England. Now I breakfast and then I ride my new have started jumping a bit again horse with my instructor, Brigitte with him and we also still go to Van Der Hagen. The new horse is dressage competitions. Since called Donnie, a chestnut, with I have had him, I have ridden white socks and white markings. Success does not mean as much practically every day, winter and Later I dismount, wash him off summer. So that he continues so and I also give him sweeties if he to her as it does to us; the horses well I do not leave him in the stable, has behaved well. I get his feed and people she loves are much even for just one day, so that he ready and I leave him in his stable does not get bored. On Mondays, to go to the Country Club, where more important to her and she when there is nobody there, I let I ride my “Gordito.” I ride him on him loose in the covered arena constantly demonstrates it my own because we now know and he spins, bucks and runs flat each other well, and I try to vary out. Also if I can, I take him to his work every day. As he is now the fields. If there are no mares old, I want his work to be varied around (if there are his “fifth leg” so that he enjoys it. That is also comes out), he is very good and why I try to give him grass. Later I very affectionate. Every day when

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Sonia has developed a social intelligence that is much higher than expected thanks to her interaction with horses and, clearly, to the efforts of her family

he sees me, he neighs, and I take him apples and carrots. We have now traveled together a lot: Belgium, England, France, and many places in Spain.” After that first time, Sonia returned to Sevilla and once again rode ORGULLOSO on several occasions, and also FURIA, and the experience was so positive that she bought a PRE. “Yes, I had a very good one called FIGURA IX. The first day when I reached the club, I took him to the fields and he behaved phenomenally well. He was very handsome. He also neighed a lot every day when he saw me. I jumped with him and also did dressage. The problem was that he was very young for me (3 years old when we bought him) and therefore I could not compete with him.” But where she has had a more continuous and deeper contact with the PRE was at the Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art, in Jerez de la Frontera, where she has taken part in some courses. “I loved the horses at the school in Jerez. My favorite was Senado. I remember him a lot. As the horses at the School are so well trained, I could do one-time changes, canter pirouettes, piaffe, passage and Spanish walk with him. I thoroughly enjoyed myself and it was the best time of my life.” But she has not only ridden at our most well-known school, but also at the most important in France, at Saumur. “I enjoyed my time in Saumur, but I most enjoyed the school in Jerez, where everyone was very kind and affectionate and I had a great time with the Spanish horses.” On one occasion, when I was at a competition in Valladolid, Sonia caught the train to spend the day with me, and when reached the grounds somebody

congratulated her on having achieved, again, the Spanish Championship. I affectionately told her off for not having told me anything and she quietly replied “Ah! Yes,” Never, in the ten years that we have known each other, when we are together or when we talk on the phone, has she talked to me about her successes, which are many and important, especially for us, those who are closer or further away from her who feel proud that she has been ten times Spanish Champion and went to the Paralympics in Sydney, where she won a Diploma, as well as competing Internationally on a multitude of occasions. When I ask her what she feels knowing that she is an important person in the equestrian world in Spain, she just looks at me and does not know what to say. It does not mean as much to her as it does to us, the horses and people she loves are much more important and she constantly demonstrates this to them. However the competitions have provided Sonia with the possibility of traveling with her horses all over Spain and most of Europe and they have served him as a stimulus to improve “I really like going to competitions, because I learn a lot from them and in this way “Gordito” and I learn about new places and new people and we both have fun. I learn from my mistakes and therefore in my day to day work I try to improve them. At the competitions it is I who takes care of him and I do him everything and I like this. We both have a good time together.” Sonia not only competes in competitions designed for the disabled, but also in open competitions, both show-jumping and dressage alongside people who, seemingly, have a superior intelligence and physical capacity, and her results are excellent.

Sonia at the riding school in Jerez

Horses have been a vital constant to which she and her family have held fast, so that she can develop her capacities

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We still do not know what will be her next major competition. “At the moment, there is no competition planned on the para-equestrian calendar. I imagine that the new calendar will come out after Hong Kong and I would like to be able to go abroad with Donnie, to Belgium, for example. (The other para-equestrian competitions are even further away). Let’s see if we will be ready, because this has been a big change and we

are adapting.” But she will certainly not miss the next Spanish Championships and she will win it again. “I think so. It will also depend on the horse! If I am riding “Gordito”, I’m sure we will.” That was ten years ago, but no mater how many years go by, I will never forget Sonia’s happiness riding ORGULLOSO XXVI, but the most important thing is that she has not forgotten me.

Sonia does not only compete in competitions designed for people with disabilities, but also in open competitions, both show-jumping and dressage

SPANISH CHAMPIONSHIPS 2008: Castellón: FEDDI Equestrian Champion of Spain 2006: Jerez: FEDDI Equestrian Champion of Spain 2005: Jerez: FEDDI Equestrian Champion of Spain 2004: Oviedo: FEDDI Equestrian Champion of Spain 2003: Oviedo: FEDDI Equestrian Champion of Spain 2001: Granada: FEDDI Equestrian Champion of Spain 2000: Madrid: FEDDI Equestrian Champion of Spain 1999: Madrid: FEDDI Equestrian Champion of Spain 1998: Madrid: FEDDI Equestrian Champion of Spain 1997: Madrid: FEDDI Equestrian Champion of Spain PARALYMPIC GAMES 2000: Paralympic Games in Sydney, Australia. She won a paralympic diploma INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIONS 1999: IPEC (International Paralympic Equestrian Committee) International Competition, at Hartpury, England 1999: IPEC World Championships, Arhus, Denmark. She placed 10th, which was a good enough position for a personal invitation (wild card) to the Paralympic Games.

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2000: IPEC International Competition, Tilburg, Holland 2002: IPEC International Competition, Arcadia, Portugal 2003: IPEC International Competition, Granada, Spain. She took 1st place 2003: IPEC International Competition, in the UER, Madrid, Spain. 1st place 2004: IPEC International Competition, Moorsele, Belgium, competing at Grade IV 2004: IPEC International Competition, Madrid, Spain, competing at Grade IV, Spaniard with best percentage 2006: Participated in the International Sun Circuit Competition, Montenmedio in “Owners” level. 2007: IPEC International Competition, Madrid, Spain, competing at Grade IV, Spaniard with best percentage 2007: IPEC International Competition, Moorsele, Belgium, competing at Grade IV.

Exclusion from the mentally disabled group at international level, having to compete as a physically disabled person in Grade IV, the highest level, without having her mental disability taken into consideration. 2004: Week at the National School of Equitation in Saumur, France with classes from Laurence Sautet of the “Cadre Noir”. 2006: Two week course at the Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art in Jerez. 2006 16/12/2006: Winner of the I Juan Antonio Jiménez Trophy at basic level (level 3). Club de Campo, Madrid. 2007 Demonstration of Kür at level 4, during the Valencia Horse Fair, by invitation of the European Hippotherapy Congress. 2007 Reclassified by IPEC, as physical grade III. 2008 Qualified for the final of the Community of Madrid (level 4)

OTHERS 2000: Equestrian week at the National School of Equestrian in Saumur, France. 2004: Two week course at the Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art in Jerez.

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Historia PRE history del PRE by Juan Carlos Atamirano

Historical context for the creation of the Moratalla Military Stud Farm From the Introduction of the Book The Military Stud Farm to be published

Marcelo Azcarraga, Secretary of War in 1892

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With the creation of the Servicio de Cría Caballar (Equine Breeding Service), this department was in charge of increasing the quality of the Spanish equine livestock, based on the recommendations made by Marcelo Azcárraga, Secretary of War in 1892, a Ministry was created in which the Ministries of War and Development would be represented that would be called the Junta de la Cría Caballar del Reino (Junta for Royal Equine Breeding), responsible before the Ministry of War. A similar organization had been created by Royal Decree on the 11th of March, 1891, but for various reasons, although it did begin to work, was ineffective. Fruit of this proposal was the production of the Royal Decree dated the 26th of June, 1893, by which the Moratalla Stud Farm was created in Cordoba. This project had a major impact on the recovery and improvement of the PRE Horse, as well as on the breeding of the English Thoroughbred, the AngloArab, carriage driving horses, and on creating one of the best lines of Purebred Arab Horses in the world.

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Once Alhaquem II (962), son of Abderraman III, came to the thrown, the city of Cordoba became the cultural center of West. Eastern culture consolidated within the intellectual circles of the city among Muslims, Jews and Christians, in such a way that it became the scientific and cultural inheritance of Baghdad. Thanks to the translations, assimilation and work undertaken by the Arabs during that period, the Greco-Roman culture was preserved after the fall of the Roman Empire. This multicultural wealth allowed fundamental works on agriculture, medicine, philosophy, architecture and breeding to be rescued from the ancient Greek culture and transmitted to Muslim Spain. It is a cultural process considered one of the most interesting events in the history of science, which had a direct impact on the breeding sector when Cordoba was converted—as of the mid 16th century—into the world center for equine breeding. It was also in this province where the government, at the end of the 19th century, created a stud farm to supply the army with horses. In 1492, after the reunification of the various peninsular Kingdoms and taking the control over the Military Orders, the Catholic Monarchs decided to create a Royal Stud Farm with the horses belonging to the stud farm owned by the Order of Santiago in Aranjuez (Madrid). Subsequently, in 1567, on the 28th of November, King Philip II (of Spain)—as has been explained in previous articles, following the expansion of academic equitation throughout all of Europe— ordered the creation of another stud farm in Cordoba, the purpose of which would be to obtain a horse whose archetype had been designed by Classical Greece, and which was considered the ideal of perfection. A century later, in 1659, his grandson Philip IV of Spain, on advice from the Consejo del Reino (Royal Advisor), created the Real Junta de Caballería (Royal Cavalry Junta) to reorganize equine breeding in Spain. This body was operational until the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713), being stimulated with a new organization by king Philip V in 1725, who carried out

the major purchase for the army, to which 12,300 horses were destined. Charles III of Spain, the third son of Philip V and the second son with his second wife, the Isabel de Farnecio from Parmesan, arrived in Spain from Italy in October 1759 to succeed his stepbrother, Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, to the Spanish throne. His love for horses made him aware of the importance of the preservation and promotion of equine breeding. In 1773, after abolishing the Delegación de Caballería del Reino (Royal Delegation of the Cavalry), the King ordered the Cavalry to be under the control by the Consejo Supremo de la Guerra (Supreme War Council). Two years later, thanks to the initiative of the Lieutenant General and General Inspector of Cavalry, Antonio Ricardos y Carrillo de Albornoz, the Academia Real y Picadero de Ocaña (Royal Academy and Ocaña Riding School) were created. That same year, due to the proliferation of mules in La Mancha and in both Castilles, which continued to hinder the growth of equine herds, a Royal Order was issued on the 25th of April, 1775 to regulate all aspects of equine breeding and trade. The King ordered all breeders in those regions to cover at least one third of their mares with horse stallions. The Order specifically stated that breeders would be fined an amount equivalent to the value of the mares that were not covered, with municipal justice being responsible for compliance with the law, and who was warned that of fines of fifty ducats would be imposed for each mare found in the territory that was not covered. Faced with limited success obtained, by means of a Communiqué dated the 20th of November, 1779, the system was changed, allowing greater freedom when covering mares, but obliged by law to cover mares with a stallion that was “approved by the justices" and a warning of a one hundred ducat fine. The King ordered that the Paradas Publicas (stallions standing at Public Stud)—created in 1748 by his brother Ferdinand

Cordoba was converted —as of the mid 16th century— into the world center for equine breeding

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1492, the Catholic Monarchs decided to create a Royal Stud Farm with the horses belonging to the stud farm owned by the Order of Santiago in Aranjuez (Madrid)

Among the characteristics for a stallion, the following were mentioned: “of good hair, good conformation and corresponding breadth and at least of seven cuartas (1.46 m)" in height

VI—should not be organized without prior examination and assessment by the official veterinarian. The objective of this measure was to avoid the spread of venereal infections which had proliferated due to the lack of effective control, as had been reported by Juan de Frías, Francisco García Cabero and Julián Antonio del Cerro, farriers and veterinarians of the stables at the Royal Palace in Madrid. Likewise, the law established that any breeder who owned twenty mares had to have own his/her own stallion between the age of seven and fourteen, and that the stallion could not cover more than twenty-five mares per year. Among the characteristics for a stallion, the following were mentioned: “of good hair, good conformation and corresponding breadth and at least of seven cuartas (1.46 m)" in height. Likewise, the Municipal Councils were to purchase and keep stallions at the cost of the Town Councils to serve the small breeders, who had reduced purchasing power and the capacity to maintain a stallion. To alleviate this problem, in addition to making it mandatory for stallion owners, independent of their “status, dignity, or quality", to sell them to the City Councils for a fair price, the law stated that stallions could be taken from the army, for the price of no more than “three thousand (Spanish)

reales made of billon (copper and silver alloy), even though they were selected (stock).” In 1796, as the lack of horses became a growing problem, Charles IV (of Spain) attempted a new change by separating the Royal Cavalry Junta from the Supreme War Council and incorporating the School of Veterinary Science as well as changing the name to Real Junta Suprema de Caballería del Reino (Royal Supreme Cavalry Junta of the Kingdom) under the leadership of Royal Minister Manuel de Godoy. On the 17th of January, 1804, this Council decided that it was essential to know the exact number of mares that would have to be covered that year in Andalusia, Murcia and Extremadura and the stallions that were available. To do so, Town Councils were ordered to perform a survey; in addition to finding out the number of mares and stallions in their respective towns, they were to note the “robustness, breadth, health and other qualities that are laid out in the order” and if the horses failed to meet these qualities, even though they had been approved as sire stallion, they would have to be discarded for that purpose. Likewise, Town Councils were under obligation to replace those horses that were considered unsuitable by purchasing them with Town funds, or through individuals who made

them available for the payment of a fair price for the coverings.

these disappeared, increasing the already serious supply problem of horses for the army.

Meanwhile, the law which stated that Town Councils would have to pay for the covering of the mares with their own funds, even those belonging to the owners of the stallions, gave rise to numerous complaints. In the light of such a blunder, as some municipal corporations cited, appealed before the Supreme War Council, explaining the serious mistake. In an effort to bypass the law, many breeders deliberately avoided having more than twenty mares which would force them to have their own sire stallion. Despite these complaints, Charles IV ratified the measure, as he was convinced of the effectiveness and necessity of the law to promote equine breeding based on his Resolution dated the 14th of November 1804.

From then on, and for more than half a century, ineffective administrative measures were taken in an effort to overcome the shortage of horses due to the wars and political unrest of the time. Faced with the seriousness of the situation, Queen Isabella II of Spain saw the need to reorganize equine breeding again. Thus, on the 6th of November of 1864, she issued a Royal Decree by which she delegated the attainment of that objective to the Arma de Caballería (Cavalry Branch). Among the first measures taken by this body was the reorganization of the Stallion Depots. The Servicio de Remonta (Covering Service) was created at that time to acquire, breed and train groups of young horses for the use by the army.

At the same time, as of the mid-seventeenth century, religious orders practically cornered the equine market by keeping large stud farms that, after almost two centuries of breeding predominance, began to decline with the Peninsular War (1808-1814). Coinciding with this war, a liberal revolution was forged in Spain which, with the coming of the so-called Liberal Government, achieved a political reform that led to the appearance of the Courts of Cadiz. The new government did away with the Royal Supreme Cavalry Junta of the Kingdom and abolished all previous laws, thus liberating the equine breeding market. With this measure, the expected results were not achieved because shortly afterwards, the Junta Consultativa de la Cria Caballar (Advisory Junta for Equine Breeding) was created, which would depend upon the Ministry of Agriculture, Industry and Development. Years later, with the various government repossessions of property, promoted as 1835 by the then Minister of the Treasury, Juan Álvarez de Mendizábal, the new government confiscated all property owned by religious orders. With this measure, the large stud farms disappeared, leaving only the small ones, which were seriously affected by the practical disappearance of the public use of the common lands and meadows. Many of

Having been created the Servicio de Cría Caballar (Equine Breeding Service), this body, with the aim of increasing the quality of the Spanish equine livestock, recommended that Marcelo Azcárraga, Secretary of War in 1892, create a Ministry in which the Ministries of War and Development would be represented, which would be called the Junta de la Cría Caballar del Reino (Junta for Royal Equine Breeding), responsible before the Ministry of War. A similar organization had been created by Royal Decree on the 11th of March, 1891, but for various reasons, although it did begin to work, was ineffective. A year later, after several fruitless breeding projects in the Lomas de Úbeda (in the province of Jaen), the Service took the correct decision of recommending that the government create its own stud farm to alleviate the shortage of horses. Fruit of this proposal was the production of the Royal Decree dated the 26th of June, 1893, by which the Moratalla Stud Farm was created in Cordoba. This project had a major impact on the recovery and improvement of the PRE Horse, as well as on the breeding of the English Thoroughbred, the Anglo-Arab, carriage driving horses, and on creating one of the best lines of Purebred Arab Horses in the world.

The Senate at the onset of the 20th Century

The Moratalla Stud Farm was created in Cordoba on the 26th of June, 1893. This project had a major impact on the recovery and improvement of the PRE Horse

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FROM THE ARCHIVES

Lovely picture of horses in a stable yard, “Hijos de Rafael Romero Benitez”

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The Spanish Legacy in the Criollo Horse (continued) What would have happened with a heavy Friesian or Danish, lacking in alertness or speed to elude the many enemies that the horse in America had to face? What would have happened with the splendid Arab, accustomed to living in a tent, to eating the food of its owner and to drink, when necessary, the water of the camels that were sacrificed to save their lives, having to live in the open air, selecting the good grasses from the poisonous, traveling leagues and leagues to find water, sleeping in the rain, the frost and the snow? Would they perhaps have maintained the conditions that are the pride of those who breed the Criollo horse today? Surely the reply would be negative. This horse, therefore, had something special, which allowed it to adapt so well to its new environment, something that was transmitted down from its Spanish inheritance. Breeders know all to well that the way of perpetuating fixed and uniform characteristics in the descendants depends on the capacity of the progenitors to transmit their characteristics to new generations. This can be achieved very quickly by means of close inbreeding between homozygous individuals, where the genetic dominance is complete, or in a much slower manner by means of a prior selection in which the individuals have the same characteristics, without the possibility of producing regressions or incomplete dominances. Modern genetic rules were unknown in the Bronze Age and the same held true during the Middle-Ages. The alchemy of inbreeding was not

4. Archer using combat tactics of all Central Asian “horse-riding” nations; shooting the arrow over the hindquarters of the horse and riding bareback (Edge of an Etruscan vase from the 3rd century BC). yet dominated by the breeders, therefore, it can be deduced that only after many centuries and the strict selection directed towards obtaining the ideal horse were the characteristics of the Spanish Horse fixed. There is a now classic saying about the Criollo breed: “it is the product of four centuries of life in the open air, adapting to the environment and strict natural selection”, which has gone on to become the basic premise of its characteristics and conditions. This work poses to add the elements which permit the saying to be expanded to include the following: “four centuries of natural selection in America were not sufficient to modify more than twenty centuries of functional selection in Spain”. We believe that the study of the historic Criollo horse, through its predecessors, even today when the breed is well consolidated, continues to be of vital importance to discover and detect what that selection consisted of and the possible influences and crossings with heavy breeds or modern light-weights, whose characteristics are present today in horses with classic pedigrees. It has been proven that the Criollo stud farms of undisputable Spanish origins did not receive such influences more recently, by the end of the 19th century, in our own territory, we will avoid attributing these their historic origin, as is commonplace, and we will not defend as Criollos those frontier individuals, because their phenotype allows us to consider them within the breed.

It is as usual to attribute features and characteristics of heavy breeds in the Criollo, making them responsible for the invasions of the Peninsular by Celts and Barbarians, as it is even more generalized to explain supposed similarities with modern light-weight African or Asiatic breeds, suggesting a direct and determined influence of the Arab on the PRE Horse before the 3. One of the oldest reproductions of a man on a horse. The relief Conquest. represents a Hittite warrior (Bogazkoy or Karatepe Ruins, found in modern Turkey). Note the small horse, with a straight profile, These confusions always stems from the analysis of their conformation of type IV, which we will later see in the reproductions of Egyptian characteristics, as the functional features, which could give us an carriages. The rider controls it with the right hand and carries a dependable guide to the purity of the breed, are seldom mentioned. whip in the left.

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What we cannot accept, if we study what the functional requirements the horses of the Peninsular were subjected for more than twenty centuries, is that neither the Spanish Horse, nor its descendant, the Criollo, owe their aptitudes to chance and not to a constant guidance that was maintained all this time and whose fundamental secret was that all the influences received responded to the same horse type or origin and the same functional aptitude. We accept what Angel Cabrera states when he maintained that “when a breed of horse undergoes a noticeable foreign influence, the local equestrian customs equally experience profound change.” Spain is the country that has had the least number of changes in its equestrian customs throughout history, or when there have been changes, this have taken place gradually and without being noticed. This was the case until the onset of the 17th century, which is when the true foreign influence started, which not only modified these customs, but also made the famous Spanish Horse disappear completely. 3. THE SPANISH HORSE AND THE PRIMITIVE AFRICAN HORSE The history of the Spanish Horse could be started by covering a single chapter, a huge period of time, which started at the end of the last ice-age, about 10,000 years before Christ, and which continued until the start of the Fall of the Roman Empire, during the 4th century after Christ. This history is closely linked to the horse of Southern France and that of Northern Africa. Avoiding calling it the “Berber”, the classic term when touching on the subject, this term does not coincide with this period in history and describes a relatively modern breed, which had no influence on the Spanish Horse prior to the Conquest of America. 5. 5th century BC Persian horse, transmitted to the Scythians through the Sarmatians and from them to the Aryan nations coming down from

We have already said that the study of fossils, and cave paintings from the upper Paleolithic period (20,0000 years before Christ) do not permit us to

the north, for which they adapted their infantry weapons, and learned to ride. An idea has been created in the conscience of many Criollo breeders and enthusiasts that the breed is the product of a disorganized and hidden program of cross-breeding, produced for many centuries on the Iberian Peninsular. This is a panorama that leads to even greater confusion for everyone with the necessary comparisons to the horses painted by Velazquez, and to the current Andalusian Horse, to the Berber, which few know, and finally to the so-called “Arab Horse”. This is a modern elaboration based on one of the most solid myths of all the modern animal husbandry. From this quagmire of confusion some lovers of the Spanish Horse present us with the small and rustic horses from the banks of the Guadalquivir Rvier, which are known as “Marismeños” (Swamp horses) or the “Sorraria” breed, believing that these are the primitive prehistoric Iberian horses, saved from the chaos of cross-breeding for centuries. These would be the “inferior horses”, which certain dishonest dealers, the suppliers for the second Columbus voyage, loaded on the ships instead of the splendid Andalusian horses he thought he had purchased, from which our Criollos have descended. To believe that a disorganized and non-functional mixture of blood with distinct aptitudes and origins, or that the providential survival of an “inferior horse” could be responsible for the genesis and consolidation of the world-famous, 15th century Spanish Horse and that proven animal husbandry techniques and functional virtues of the Criollo, is to reduce the problem to very fine limits, running the risk of reaching mistaken conclusions. We cannot ignore the fact that certain primitive horses, images brought to us in ancient reproductions and tales, have many similarities to the “Sorraia breed” and that many of their characteristics can today be found in the Criollo horse. We can neither dispute that the primitive Iberian horse had received influences throughout all its history and that these influences were perhaps the causes for the two types within the breed: the short-backed straight profile horse, and the log-backed sub convex profiled horse, mistakenly known as “Roman nosed”.

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6. Barbarian Warrior charging on a horse of the type attributed to the Scythians, inherited from the Persians. It is an outline of the embryo of the medieval charge of the heavy horse, which was not yet well developed during the Spanish Reconquista. know which of the species represented were the basis of the horse that later appeared domesticated in historical eras, nor do we have proof that these were domesticated. It is much more logical to think that many of these became extinct well before this phenomenon occurred. Although these images, in many cases used for rituals or magic, appear to be relative value, it is interesting to highlight between the perfect and least suspicious styling, the bas-reliefs of the “Grotte du Roc”, department of Charente; the sculptures of the cave of Tuc D’Audoubert, department of Ariege; the Montespan (Haute Garonne) and those of the Grotte des Esplugues, all of which are in France, as well as the cave paintings of Altamira (Santillana del Mar), Buxú (Asturias), Parpalló (Valencia) and Hornos de la Peña (Santander), where what is regularly represented is a type I horse with a straight profile and of rounded shape, that Cabrera and Ruy D’Andrada call “Garrano”-type*. *Garrano = purebred pony breed

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Alta Escuela by Alfonso Cuesta

THE PASSAGE II

Ignacio Lopez riding InďŹ ltrado photo: lemos

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is essential not only to control, but to completely overcome the natural tendency of a horse to raise its neck and thus block its back.

The back connects the hindquarters to the forehand; this is obvious, but sometimes something so clear passes us by. With the back blocked, the connection between the hindquarters and the forehand is very poor because there is no through-flow; without this, quality equitation is impossible, not to mention the possibilities of spinal injuries. Therefore, a good rider always holds the key to open the door to through-flow. In other words, they are always able to prevent the horse from blocks its back.

The Moratalla Stud Farm was created in Cordoba on the 26th of June, 1893. This project had a major impact on the recovery and improvement of the PRE Horse

Horses at liberty spend hours walking while they graze— it has been that way for centuries. This implies that in this position horses are comfortable and calm. On the contrary, when something jumps on top of them and they are in danger, thus, they raise their necks tense up, and they drop and block their backs. This position is physically enervated and mentally uncomfortable. So, how do we prevent the horse from raising its neck as a defense? The answer is very simple: by teaching them to work with the neck low and collected and by teaching them that during their periods of rest and relaxation, at walk and trot, they do this with their neck low and extended throughout its length, until their muzzle touches the ground, literally. This way, horses, which by nature are prepared to have their necks low, very quickly assimilate working in this position, and, being they have learned that during their periods of rest we give them the reins and they can stretch their neck completely down, they will have no interest in tensing the neck upwards. Working this way, ensuring they are going forward well, they overcome the tendency to raise their necks, so that even if they are high, they still tend to lower it. Of course, no horse must be taught passage without the rider having the key to its through-flow in his/her hands.

If, due to the repeated transitions that must be made between the different types of trot, doing these with the neck low and collected, there is little probability that the horse will raise its neck, but should this occur, all you need to do is to recover the horse in the hand and to immediately give the reins so that it stretches its neck. Thus, calmness can be re-established, a suitable breathing pattern will be recovered and you are read to begin again. This type of work can be overlooked by amateurs who fail to understand why a rider “wastes time” in working the horse with its neck lowered, instead of devoting their time to teaching passage, touching it on the front legs with the whip. They are unable to see the value of trotting in that position and performing all the possible transitions between the different types of trot, perfecting the straightness, the setting in hand, the impulsion, the balance and the collection. One day, the horse will surprise you with some trot strides that have more suspension. That’s that! Without looking for it, without seeking it, without touching the limbs with the whip, therefore without either irregularities or asymmetries, looking to perfect the basic pillars of equitation while working at trot, the horse offers some trot strides with more suspension that little by

he greater elevation will come on its own, without paying the least attention to it, as PRE Horses are supremely qualified to perform with elevation

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Lotero, owned by Jesús Ovelar and bred by Hnos. Leal Hernandez

photo: lemos

little become a splendid passage. Working in this way achieves more suspension; the greater elevation will come on its own, without paying the least attention to it, as PRE Horses are supremely qualified to perform with elevation. The real danger lies in being happy with the elevation and neglecting the suspension. Each rider must decide how he/she wants to train his/ her horse; if you want to do this very quickly and in a spectacular way, you will find that the audience will put up with what is attractive and will applaud any achievement that has nothing to do with equitation. This audience—a majority that demands little quality— caters to arrogant riders.

One day, the horse will surprise you with some trot strides that have more suspension. That’s that!

On the other hand, if you wish to do things well, find the experts who are demanding and not given to praise, because they will always seek ways to improve. This route is longer and harder, but I think that it is the only one that is worth traveling, and of course, it is the only one along which those “invisible riders” travel.

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DAILY VETERINARY PRACTICE by Kepa Gil

EQUINE DENTIST These days, the ﬁeld of the equine dentistry is continuously advancing with new work techniques and with innovative instruments. Advances are such that molars can be ﬁlled and incisors implanted. To be able to offer the care and the services that equines require to keep their mouths in balance, it is necessary to specialize. The professionals, who carry out this work day to day, are usually veterinarians who specialize in horses’ mouths or equine dentists.

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For

a job well done, good techniques are necessary to manage the equipment that is used. This is achieved by daily work in this field, where little by little we improve our techniques. In addition, major investment is necessary to purchase the specialized equine dentistry equipment to maintain the highlevel of quality and service that our clients currently demand. Only if you not work in this field professionally and on a daily basis is the investment in equipment costeffective; moreover, the skill required to do a good job in the horsesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; mouths is not achieved if you only care for the occasionally horse.

Seasonal check-ups Once a horse is five years old, I recommend a yearly check-up; by that time, its mouth is fully formed. When horses are still youngsters, and their mouths are not yet fully formed, it is a good idea to give them a check-up every six months, to avoid problems caused by the retention of deciduous premolars or incisors. For example, the retention of a deciduous incisor could hinder the eruption of the permanent incisor, or for it to erupt in an incorrect position. The retention of the eighth premolar of one of the sides of the upper jaws will prevent the permanent premolar from erupting. The force the permanent molar trying to erupt when the deciduous tooth has not yet been lost is painful for the horse. The molar can also enter in the nasal passage restricting the entrance of air by up to 50%. You can imagine the damage it can do to a horse in a race or competing in show-jumping, dressage, or carriage driving when what they need is 100% flow of the oxygen entering their lungs.

Types of mouths If horses that are turned out have grass in their fields, they spend most of the day eating grass with abrasive minerals, which, with the continuous movement of their jaws, means that the mouths of these horses are in much better condition than those in the stable. If they are wild horses at grass, the fact that they have, for example, wolf teeth, is not of major importance, because as they are not ridden there are no problems with a bit in their mouths, which would hinder the free movement of the jaw and good occlusion to chew. Mother Nature resolves these problems with the death of the weak, leaving only the strongest to survive. Stabled horses, because they are only given three or five feeds a day, have less jaw movements when chewing and the feeds are less abrasive. This causes their teeth to form very sharp enamel edges along the outer edge of the upper molars, and the inner edge of the lower ones; hooks and ramps are also formed. Dentists have to balance these mouths to maintain the free movement of the jaw and thus allow lateral, forward and back movement. Care is also taken to remove the wolf teeth and to make seats for the bit in the first premolars. We try to minimize the damage caused to the horse by the bit and the riderâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s weight, trying to improve the functionality of the horse. The mouths of youngsters are not yet formed like those of mature horses. They could retain their deciduous premolars or incisors. The canines (tushes) do not appear until four years of age, and the roots of the molars are still not formed and are smaller than in mature horses. The molars are more fragile and the occlusal surface of the molars has more irregularities than those of mature horses. The mouths of mature horses are more prone to form hooks and ramps than those of young horses. The molars are extremely hard due to their enamel covering. The roots of the molars are longer than in the youngsters, which makes extractions more difficult.

Simply remember that balancing the mouth of a horse once a year keeps the horse healthy and happy. Money and feed will be saved as well as frights due to lameness caused by the mouth will often be avoided, in addition to many colics due to impaction because the horse cannot chew properly

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Once a horse is five years old, a yearly check-up is recommended; by that time, its mouth is fully formed

When horses are old, their mouths give more problems; therefore, it is more difficult to achieve a good occlusion and be able to chew. Old horses need special feed. The molars start to wear away and periodontitis appears that progressively causes the loss of molars. With regards to the mouths of horses, there is no difference between horses used for dressage, jumping, racing, endurance, carriage driving, alta escuela (Spanish high school), vaquera, etc. All mouths must be balanced, removing all the sharp edges of enamel, hooks, ramps, or steps. Maintaining the incisors balanced to keep the mouth level with the temporal mandible joint, the molars and the incisors, extraction of wolf teeth and trimming the tushes. We also make seats for the bit. The goal is to achieve free movement of the jaw to improve occlusion to be able to chew and also, when the jaw is not blocked, the horse can move freely, improving its functionality. The only difference that there could be between mouths of horses depends on the bit used. This difference lies in the seat for the bit which could be more or less aggressive, depending on what the horse is used for, for example, polo horses.

The most serious problems These are important problems that need treatment: - Stress of the temporal mandible joint, since this is extremely painful for the horse.

cured, the horse needs to be placed in the hands of a good veterinarian team for surgery. - Removal of a molar that cannot be extracted through the mouth, because there is not enough space to work with forceps. In this case, the horse must be taken to an operating room so that the specialist can go through the cheek to extract the molar. To avoid these problems, breeders and owners should call an equine dentist or veterinarian to check the mouth of all young horses that before starting to train a horse to be ridden. The specialist will remove the wolf teeth if it has them, and make a seat for the bit. All this will make the training of the young horse much easier. Once a year it is advisable to look at the horseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mouth and to check everything, to avoid having problems in the future. Once you have called the dentist to check the horsesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; mouths, take advantage, and have him or her check the mouths of the youngsters, which are still not ready to begin training. By doing this, you will try to avoid any problems that cause retentions of deciduous molars and incisors. Simply remember that balancing the mouth of a horse once a year keeps the horse healthy and happy. Money and feed will be saved as well as frights due to lameness caused by the mouth will often be avoided, in addition to many colics due to impaction because the horse cannot chew properly. Lastly, the horse will be in better conditions to compete in any discipline for which it is being prepared.

- Periodontitis of the molars. The only option is to extract them. - Jaw fracture. - Molar root infections. Once the veterinarian has treated the horse with antibiotics, and it is not

ANCCE

www.dentistaequino.com

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International NEWS FROM PREAA - AUSTRALIA It is well and truly winter in Australia now. In Victoria, on the south-eastern corner where I live we have had quite a lot of rain, which we have not had for many years now. Hopefully it will be a good spring with lovely, fat horses!

Now with the Olympics coming up, can we do it again with Juan Manuel Muñoz Diaz and Fuego XII? Let’s hope so! The whole world will be watching and wouldn’t it be wonderful if it was a Spanish horse and rider could do that? All the best to them both.

In Australia the PREAA is now the only association affiliated with ANCCE, as ACPRE Australia closed its doors on 4 June 2008. This is very welcome news as, once again, we are looking forward to a united breed in Australia. We are working with ANCCE with horse eligibility for those horses in Australia that have not previously been presented. Only about 350-400 of the 900 or so Spanish horses in Australia hold Spanish PRE passports.

We are looking forward to an ANCCE clinic later in the year which will be in two locations in Australia. It is great that we are being given the same opportunities, especially when we are located so far away from Spain.

I was fortunate enough to be the one representing Australia at the recent training course with ANCCE in Seville for the PRE Stud Book. With 3 weeks’ notice and no passport, we were able to pull off in time to get me there! I have to say that I didn’t really have time to get excited before I left - Spain is the one country in the world that I have really had a great passion for, but until now had never had the chance to visit. Once on the aeroplane it really hit home that I was actually going!

Thankfully the LG PRE Stud Book is up and running. We look forward to working with ANCCE, now and in the future, to unite the PRE horse around the world. Regards Catherine Nicholls – President - PREAA

photo: lemos

Yeguada Las Cavernas

I must take the opportunity to thank ANCCE for bringing all the world associations together, putting us up in a hotel, feeding us, training us, and showing us a little bit of Spain during our brief week together. It was a wonderful to finally meet President Conde; Pedro Rey, Arancha and the rest of the team at the LG PRE office. I also took time out, briefly, to meet up with friends I knew, such as Saskia Mesdag, Ignacio Candau, Manolo Gonzalez, Pedro Pons and Manuel Carvajal Román. I would also like to thank Pedro Domecq for his hospitality in having us all to his property, showing us some of his wonderful horses, putting on a “cow” fight (testing the young female cows for their aggressiveness) and hosting a dinner. I felt very spoilt indeed as everybody looked after me so well! I met many wonderful people in the course, and now we can all keep in touch with other. We had many dinners out at night relaxing after the course. The country, the people, the food - I loved my visit immensely! We were all in Spain to watch not one, but three, of the finals of the football – and we all know the result of that, with Spain winning. Then on 6 July 2008 Rafael Nadal won Wimbledon. As if that couldn’t be topped, Carlos Sastre has since won the Tour de France for Spain and CSC-Saxo Bank. June and July has certainly been amazing sporting months for Spain!

ANCCE

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NEWS FROM THE DANISH P.R.E. BREEDING ASSOCIATION

Deseada LXXXI owned by Anne Schaumann Nielsen and bred by Miguel Garcia Remacho

At the Roskilde Cattle Fair and the Funic Cattle Fair, the P.R.E. horse had great success! At Roskilde Cattle Fair we had 11 horses and a colt for exhibition. The mare DESEADA LXXXI achieved max. points (24 points) and a medal of honor. ROCINA II and her daughters NIÑA XXVII and LLAMA were shown in a cobra, and so were COMPROMETEDORA 1 and her two twin daughters ESMERALDA and ESPERANZA. Both were shown in cobras – and this has never been showed in Denmark before. Both of the cobras achieved 23 points and a medal of honor, and the cobra of ROCINA II was elected to compete in the competition of the best offspring assembly of the cattle fair. ROCINA II and her daughters achieved a 3. place – only 1 point from the 2. place. The judges were very impressed by the way the mares were shown in a cobra and they congratulated the owner personally.

At the Funic Cattle Fair the stallion EBANO LXXI achieved max. points (24 points) and a medal of honor. The judge was very impressed by his fantastic movements with the high lift and long strides. He was elected to compete in the competition of the best stallion of the fair, and he achieved a 2. place – only 2 points from the 1. place. The gelding SEVILLANO XLII achieved 23 points and was elected to compete in the competition of the best gelding of the fair. He ended up in the middle of the placement. The P.R.E. horses have also attended other fairs, among these “Animals Day” in Slagelse, “Animals Fair” at Bregentved Manor in Haslev – both on Zealand - and “Horses’ Day” in Billund in Jutland. The next big event will be basic valoration and DAMOCHA (Danish Morphological Championships) the 13th – 14th of September 2008.

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BELGIUM PARTICIPATION IN A TRAINING COURSE ON STUD BOOK PROCEDURES From the 23rd to 27th of June, along with 15 other collaborating international associations, we took part in an intensive course about stud book procedures, organized in Sevilla by the LG-PRE-.NCCE Stud Book office, where we learned how to use the new stud book computer program. We discovered a well-made program, which is practical and complete. It will enable us to work efficiently on our part of the management, which is, without doubt, more consolidated today and carries more weight than before.

Once the snags have been ironed out between the current Stud Book data and the reality on the ground, we will have a local stud book that is much more secure, fair and up-to-date, with control over the processes and a much better view of the Book than before. It is necessary to highlight the effectiveness of SADIEL and Arancha RodrĂguez from the International Department of the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book office were during this session.

Participants at the course organized by the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book ofďŹ ce

THE PRE IN THE NETHERLANDS The Netherlands is one of the countries in the world with the highest number of horses in relation to the population. We have a the tradition in breeding, for example in cattle ( Frisian), pigs and poultry , but also in horses, like the Frisian and the KWPN, both outside our small country known for there specific characteristics. The KWPN, based on a very sophisticated way of crossbreeding, is known for its ability for sports, especially jumping. The Frisian horse, classified as a baroque type, is used for the carriage and for riding. In this breed no other races are introduced, a closed breed, like the PRE. We started in 1995 with our association. On that moment there were then only a few PRE in our country. We promoted our horse as a baroque type with the characteristics familiar to you. On several occasions we worked together with the Frisians, Lusitanos and Lipizzaner. Our focus was more on the dressage because this is regarded as the most potential market. For jumping we can not compete with the KWPN, and Doma Vaquera was not known that time, and still has to be promoted.

ANCCE

On this moment we have 220 members and we estimate that there are 400 PRE horses in the Netherlands. Horse lovers more and more know what a PRE is and for which purpose it is best suited. Also we have yearly more free publicity in horse magazines, with better quality articles about our PRE. Owners and/ or professionals promote our horse with clinics. Especially in the dressage competition more and more PRE reach a higher level. And you know how strong our dressage competition is, looking to the international results. This market looks promising. Combining the quality of our PRE horse with that of our riders! On this moment we have several breeders, which produced last year together 35 fowls. The majority of our members have one or two PRE for sports, leisure or carriage, which is quite popular also. We notice that once a PRE is bought the owner likes to keep the PRE and stop with the other type they have: especially they are impressed by the noble character, besides the riding and sports capabilities of course.

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Caballos y danzas

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INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS The goal of this section is to provide a space for associations throughout the world, whether or not they are linked to ANCCE, whose objective is to defend and promote the PRE.

Nicaragua: ANCPRE

AANCPRE, the PRE Horse Breeders’ Association of Nicaragua, was founded in 1994, when the adhesion protocol was signed with the Cria Caballar Office. The first president was Mr. Rafael Martínez Rayo. In fact, PRE Horses were bred in Nicaragua long before that, but due to the political events of the time, there were approximately ten years of stagnation, although some breeders continued to breed. In 1990, when a different government was established, the breeders re-launched their work with great enthusiasm. ANCPRE currently has forty-five members and around one thousand five hundred horses. The PRE Horse is extremely popular in Nicaragua, where there is a great enthusiasm for horse. The most important activity performed by the riders are the socalled Equestrian Parades, held in most of the major cities throughout the country; these parades take place as part of the religious festivals, which are held to celebrate the day of the patron saint.

The predominant breed in Nicaragua is the PRE Horse; it is closely followed by the Ibero-American, which is a product of the crossings with PREs. However, the objective or goal of all horse enthusiasts is to have a PRE Horse. The PRE in Nicaragua has been growing in numbers and its quality has improved enormously. Most of the breeding takes place in the southern part of the country. The price of a PRE Horse in Nicaragua is not much higher than that of the other breeds bred here. What affects price most is the cost of the imports from Spain, where transportation costs are excessive. Also, a fact for consideration, in our experience at least, the horse is very expensive in Spain, and the currency also directly affects these prices. We have confidence that ANCPRE will be able to work hard in the promotion of the PRE horse; there are several areas in which you could help us.

Equestrian parades have become so popular that more than forty are organized every year; in other words, almost every weekend. The Managua parade— considered the most important—is attended by some two thousand five hundred horses.

A)In finding places where our riders can become qualified or, better still, to find instructors who can come to give them courses, because there are many non-professional riders who lack the resources to travel.

This event is parade of horses and riders walking through the main streets of the cities, following a pre-established circuit so that the many people attending can watch the riders passing by in step with Nicaraguan music. We also have parades with floats, competitions and equestrian shows. ANCPRE is completely dedicated to horses, promoting them and enabling breeders to register their horses. ANCPRE also organizes an annual competition and participates actively in the other two competitions held in the country.

B)Breeders would benefit if we could obtain semen from good sire stallions at a cost that is not excessive.

As an association, I believe that the roots of our weakness lies in the time Spanish authorities have taken in providing documentation for our horses. We hope that with ANCCE handling it, this will improve.

C)We are deficient in the veterinary services; we urgently need an equine hospital. D)We are also deficient in the area of shoeing. The breeders are making an effort to improve in these areas, but if we had the opportunity to do so in the short term, there would be a greater demand for the PRE horse, which is the favorite breed. Ismael Reyes Mejía President ANCPRE

ANCCE

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The current Board of Directors, which has been presided over by Ismael Reyes Mejía since 2000, is made up of the following: PRESIDENT

ISMAEL REYES MEJIAS

VICE-PRESIDENT

BOANERGES MATUS

SECRETARY VICE-SECRETARY

JULIO RIVERA ANZOATEGUI JORGE JARQUIN GAGO

TREASURER

LEONEL SARAVIA LACAYO

VICE-TREASURER

LUIS BOEDECKER

FISCAL

ANTONIO ZELEDÓN

FIRST MEMBER

JORGE GRANERA

SECOND MEMBER

LUIS FELIPE LACAYO

THIRD MEMBER FOURTH MEMBER

JUAN MANUEL CALDERA EDGARD LACAYO

REGISTRY DIRECTOR

OCTAVIO LACAYO CRESPO

REGISTRY DIRECTOR REGISTRY DIRECTOR REGISTRY DIRECTOR

SAMUEL KONTOROVSKY FRANCISCO BLANDINO RODOLFO ETIENNE MORALES

Pedro Maza, ANCCE Vice-President with Ismael Reyes, ANCPRE President

At the beginning of June a Commission from the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book traveled to Nicaragua to resolve the registration problems that have, for the last five years, affected the country. We met Humberto Sandino Lacayo “Calacá”, another great horse enthusiast who supplied us with some very interesting documentation; that of the first Spanish Horse of which there is irrefutable evidence of when it arrived in Nicaragua. This was the horse “LABRADOR VI”, from Romero Benítez, born in 1956 and who arrived in Nicaragua in 1960.

Humberto Sandino Lacayo, primer ganadero de PRE en Nicaragüa montando a Labrador, primer PRE llegado a Nicaragüa

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STUD BOOK VISIT TO NICARAGUA At the beginning of June a Commission from the LGPRE-ANCCE Stud Book traveled to Nicaragua to resolve the registration problems that have, for the last five years, affected the country. This visit by the Commission to Nicaragua has been being negotiated ever since February, but it did not crystallize until now, since the registration work to be carried out required a huge amount of prior work. With regards to this point, a special mention must be made of the Nicaraguan PRE Breeders’ Association, presided by Mr. Ismael Reyes, who have worked laboriously to get their livestock in order—it having, for reasons unknown to us, been forgotten by the register. The first fact that caught our attention was the number of PRE Horse breeders in the country, the huge number of horses—more than a thousand—and the average quality of these horses. It is interesting to note there is an important line of Guardiola stallions and mares, as well as a considerable number of Yeguada Llorente horses. Mr. Javier Coronas, the LG-PRE_ANCCE Stud Book appointed veterinarian, spent twelve days visiting farms all over the country, from north to south, and east to west, performing tasks that will bear fruit in the next few months. In total, the following actions were carried out: - 306 Registrations. - 184 Evaluations.

Blood samples taken from 61 progenitors for analysis. We would like to thank all the Nicaraguan breeders for their collaboration, but, in addition to Ismael Reyes, who has already been mentioned, we would particularly like to thank the Lacayo family, specifically Octavio and Caesar Augusto, for the kindness they showed the Stud Book delegation during our visit. Thanks to them, we met their cousin, Humberto Sandino Lacayo “Calacá”, another great horse enthusiast who supplied us with some very interesting documentation; that of the first Spanish Horse of which there is irrefutable evidence of when it arrived in Nicaragua. This was the horse “LABRADOR VI”, from Romero Benítez, born in 1956 and who arrived in Nicaragua in 1960, having come from Costa Rica, as he had originally been bought by Mr. Humberto Ruiz who sold him to Mr. Barny Chamorro. The certificate of origin of the horse can be seen in this report. This documentation can be considered of interest, as it is very illustrative to see how and when the PRE Horse has reached all the corners of our planet. In addition and also interesting is the Livestock Identity Document and the Sales/Purchase receipt of a horse exported to Costa Rica in 1975 we were given. Surprisingly, it was approved by the Civil Guard Post Commander.

ID certiﬁcate fro Labrador VI, the ﬁrst PRE horse in Nicaragua.

ANCCE

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Certiﬁcate of Origin for Labrador VI

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www.ancce.com SCORE SHEET Judge: Mr. Luis Lucio Body Area shoulder–wither-forearm Note: 7,5 Comments:

ANCCE

The withers would be better viewed from the For me, the score for “Limbs and hind limb alignment” is one of those that requires a static (at halt) and a dynamic analysis (on the move), as, in addition to evaluating the conformation of the various segments making up the limbs, the course of the movement must be evaluated from the front, side and behind, thus being able to form a clear idea of the true practical conformation and not only a visual momentary appreciation of the structure.

SCORE SHEET Judge: Mr. Víctor Huertas Limbs and hind limb alignment Score: 5,75 Comments: With the difficulty in judging the limb alignment by photo, in my opinion, the score is due to: -In the photo, from the lateral view, you can see the entire limb alignment. - In the photo from the rear view, the hind limb alignment appears to be toe-out. -I addition, a lack of sole and poor quality of the hoof can be seen.

In the static analysis, I find that the hind limbs have: - A general structure that is very vertical and a lack of angles. In my opinion this is due to it having a femur segment that is too short in comparison to the tibia and the cannon bone. Fetlocks a little forward. - Progressively, the limb falls to the outside in the distal area (lower part). I can imagine that its locomotion would be somewhat affected by this structure and would have to confirm this with the dynamic analysis. he original score would be slightly below my “Standard” for the breed, 7.50. • D. Víctor Huertas • D. Luis Lucio

AMUSEMENT

SOLUTIÓN

JUDGES :

Do you agree with the judges?

Sales/Purchasing receipt for Labrador VI

COMPETITION CALENDAR CONFORMATION COMPETITION FULL NAME OF THE COMPETITION

DATE

LOCATION

COUNTRY

September 1

II CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO ALCOLEA DEL "VILLA DEL ALCOLEA DEL RÍO" RÍO (SEVILLA)

September 4-7

ANDUCAB 2008

ANDÚJAR (JAÉN)

Spain

FECAF 2008

AGUILAR DE LA FRONTERA (CÓRDOBA)

Spain

September 5-7

COPA ACCESO - EQUUS 2008

LEÓN Mexico (GUANAJUATO)

September 6

IV SWEDISH CHAMPIONSHIPS

JOHANNESBERG

September 6-8

XII CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO NACIONAL DE PRE DE TORREJONCILLO

TORREJONCILLO Spain (CÁCERES)

September 11 - 14

EQUITAL 2008

TALAVERA DE LA REINA (TOLEDO)

September 11 - 14

II CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO ORIHUELA "CIUDAD DE ORIHUELA" (ALICANTE)

Spain

September 11 - 14

I SALÓN DEL CABALLO DE CUENCA

CUENCA

Spain

September 11 - 14

EQUUS EL VISO DEL ALCOR

VISO DEL ALCOR (SEVILLA)

Spain

September 11 - 14

EQUIGAL 2008

LUGO

United Kingdom

September 13 - 14

DAMOCHA 2008

STENDGARDEN Denmark

September 18 - 21

IX CONCURSO MORFOLÓICO DE OVIEDO - FIESTA DE SAN OVIEDO MATEO

Spain

September 18 - 21

V CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO GERENA "VILLA DE GERENA" (SEVILLA)

Spain

September 19 - 21

FEGAR AROCHE 2008

AROCHE (HUELVA)

Spain

September 20 PRE - RIKS

SOUTH OF SWEDEN

Sweden

September 20 - 23

EQUISIERRA 2008

VILLAMARTÍN (CÁDIZ)

Spain

September 24 - 28

XIX CAMPEONATO DE MÁLAGA ANDALUCÍA DE CABALLOS PRE

Spain

September 25 - 28

II CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO ALCALÁ LA ALCALÁ LA REAL REAL (JAÉN)

Spain

September 25 - 28

CARAVACAS II CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO DE LA CRUZ DEL NOROESTE (MURCIA)

Spain

September 25 - 28

I CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO LEPE (HUELVA) "CIUDAD DE LEPE"

Spain

September 25 - 28

I CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO ONDA DE PRE - 2VILLA DE ONDA" (CASTELLÓN)

Spain

October 2 - 5

EQUUS CATALONIA

GERONA (BARCELONA)

Spain

October 2 - 5

XX CONCURSO NACIONAL DE CABALLOS Y YEGUADAS DE PRE

ZAFRA (BADAJOZ)

Spain

October 2 - 5

III CONCURSO LOS PALACIOS MORFOLÓGICO "VILLA DE LOS Y VILLAFRANCA Spain PALACIOS" (SEVILLA)

ANCCE

Spain

September 5-7

September

October

Sweden

Spain

For more information about the Conformation Calendar for the ANCCE Cup and the Young Horse Circuit to be held in 2008, consult the ANCCE web at: www.ancce.com

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October 2 - 5

EQUUS BENAHAVIS 2008

BENAHAVIS (MÁLAGA)

October 3 - 5

COPA ANCCE GUADALAJARA

GUADALAJARA Mexico (JALISCO)

III CONCURSO October 9 - 12 MORFOLÓGICO DE PRE "CIUDAD DE TARIFA)

Spain

TARIFA (CÁDIZ) Spain

October 9 - 12

XXIV CAMPEONATO DE BALEARES DE PRE

INCA (MALLORCA)

October 15 - 19

FERIA DEL CABALLO DE LORCA LORCA - FERICAB 2008 (MURCIA)

Spain

October 16 - 19

SALÓN DEL CABALLO "PALACIOS NAZARÍES"

GRANADA

Spain

October 16 - 19

ECUR ROCÍO 2008

EL ROCÍO (HUELVA)

Spain

October 16 - 26

IX CAMPEONATO DEL CABALO VALLE DE ESPAÑOL - MÉXICO 2008 BRAVO

October 17 - 19

X CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO SILLEDA Spain DE PRE " EQUINA 2008" (PONTEVEDRA)

October 22 - 26

ECUZAR - TAUROZAR 2008

ZARAGOZA

Spain

October 23 - 26

CONCAB 2008

ARMILLA (GRANADA)

Spain

Mexico

DRESSAGE COMPETITION DATE