Revista el Caballo Español 2008 n.188 (English)

Letter from the President

That SICAB is the largest event linked to the PRE Horse world does without question, and for it to continue to be the case, as organizers, we must carry out a huge amount of work with enthusiasm. However, work and enthusiasm are not enough. Many other things are also necessary. Participation by breeders, with their horses, in the final of the Spanish National Championships and the ANCCE Cups, the Judges that judge these events, those who take part in the Show, the collaborators and sponsors who support it and the enthusiasts who visit it. All of you are necessary and it is you who will permit us, for yet another year, to open the gates of SICAB again. For the next edition to be better than the previous one, it is standard procedure at the Association to evaluate all the defects that have been found, all the complaints that we have received, and, in general, how the SICAB that has just finished went. This year, as was the case in the past edition, we have tried to deal with all those shortcomings; this is not enough. We need your collaboration for this year to be better than last. The help that we are requesting is not anything complicated. It is all a matter of avoiding something is happening more often than is desirable: loud, boisterous discussions between breeders and judges related to the judging of the horses. There are several reasons for this; the importance of the prizes, the staunch competition between stud farms, a lack of confidence in the scores, different degrees of application of the rules and regulations by the organizing committees, obsolete rules and regulations with disciplinary regulations that are difficult to apply, and the ability to understand that there is only one winner. We must demand that the judges be as conscientious as possible when scoring, forgetting and distancing themselves from any external influences to which they might be subjected, leaving all media campaigns aside, because

the judgment must be made about the horses seen at that moment, and not based on what a person has seen or judged during the season. The judges are active subjects in a sector with an exacerbated sensitivity that has them continuously in sight. Therefore, like Caesar's wife, they must not only seem honorable, but be honorable; they must have temperance when dealing with the breeders, thus enabling to perform their task. On the other hand, breeders must be aware that when presenting their horses at a competition, they are subject to the opinion of people who have criteria, but who, as they are human, can also err; that behind an error there is not necessarily something in it for them; that the judges must not be pressured; that the rules and regulations are to be complied with; that to win is important but not at any price. Breeders must facilitate the work of the judges and the organization. We might be right, but we could also lose everything due to an inadequate answer. Let us add our grain of sand so that, as always, this coming edition of SICAB is the best, in which all bad manners are forsaken and in which the protagonist is the horse, the PRE. Javier Conde Cerrato Presidente de ANCCE

LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT LETTERS TO THE EDITOR INTERVIEW

1 4 8

MARTÍN SOLER, CONSEJERO DE AGRICULTURA Y PESCA DE LA JUNTA DE ANDALUCÍA

NEWS

THE FORUM

Manuel Carvajal José A. Fdez. Lineros Rafael Lemos

AMUSEMENT 34 SPORTS 36

ASK THE EXPERT EQUESTRIAN TRADES

48 54

CRAFTSMAN WITH ART José A. Fdez. Lineros

ANCCE REPORTS

PROFILES

JUAN ROBLES MARCHENA Luis Rivero Merry

PRE HISTORY

ORIGIN OF THE MILITARY FARM FOR STALLIONS IN JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA Juan Carlos Atamirano

88 92

SUMMARY

FROM THE ARCHIVES HISTORIC SIRES

ALTA ESCUELA TRANSITIONS Alfonso Cuesta

102

DAILY VETERINARY PRACTICE TECHNIQUES FOR THE COLLECTION Luis Rivera Ruiz

106 120

122

INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS

STUD FARM (Publicity - Report) GANADERÍA HERMANOS FAVIER

126

LIST OF ANCCE MEMBERS

PRE

El Caballo Español

ANIVERSARIO

130

COMPETITIONS CALENDAR

7 8-2 0

Año XXX Nº 188 Noviembre - Diciembre 2008

MARTÍN SOLER, CONSEJERO DE AGRICULTURA Y PESCA DE LA JUNTA DE ANDALUCÍA Estoy convencido de que apostar por el sector equino es apostar por el “caballo ganador” DEPORTES Fuego XII, nuevo Campeón de España de Doma Clásica

Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Caballos de Pura Raza Española

Cover Page: Ganadería María Luisa Guardiola Photo: Carlos Núñez

Let ters to the editor

Cartas al Director Bandolero CXXII, bred by Yeguada de La Cartuja â&#x20AC;&#x153;Hierro del Bocadoâ&#x20AC;? and owned by Antonio LĂłpez Gibaja

ÂżBREEDERS? Dear Editor, I am writing to express my opinion about something that I read in another magazine concerning the PRE, which I did not like at all. In this magazine, there was, among others, a report about a well-known PRE stud farm. Below, I will mention the phrases that I really did not like at all. I transcribe literally: â&#x20AC;&#x153;When the stallion PALLARĂ&#x2030;S died, he did not continue with these origins and he dedicated everything to his current linesâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;? The person who wrote this report says

that the breeder considers the accident that caused the death of the horse to be â&#x20AC;&#x153;fortunateâ&#x20AC;?. I honestly hope that I am not interpreting the sentence well, because certainly, to say openly, little less than that he is happy about the death of his stallion, says a great deal about this person. How can a person say this about a horse? I feel this to be a lack of respect to the animal, to its descendants and predecessors, to horses in general and to the breeder, apart form the fact that he was the person who chose this horse as a sire stallion. Although everybody is free to express their opinion, I do not believe that something like that should be said. I feel

Dialogue brings us closer to one another and enriches us. Experiences, stories, consultations, and opinions from all who support the Purebred Spanish Horse are good for us and are interesting to everyone. The magazine â&#x20AC;&#x153;El Caballo EspaĂąolâ&#x20AC;? trusts that this section, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Letters to the Editorâ&#x20AC;?, will be an interesting and useful means of communication with its readers. The letters to this section must be signed, with name, surname(s), ID and telephone number, and must not exceed 350 words. Send your letters for publication to: t 1PTUBM BEESFTT 3FWJTUB i&M $BCBMMP &TQBĂ&#x2014;PMw "/$$& $PSUJKP EF $VBSUP 7JFKP #FMMBWJTUB o 4FWJMMB 4QBJO &TQBĂ&#x2014;B

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Revoltoso XXIX was bred and is owned by Paco Martí

that he is domineering and incredibly arrogant. In addition, I believe that I am not mistaken, because anyone reading the entire report will be able to see the lack of humility of this “person”, the owner of the stud farm. Incidentally, people lacking humbleness will never be great. It could be that this is only my interpretation, or perhaps not, because I will literally mention other phrases that have fed my opinion about this gentleman: “… And he dedicated everything to his current lines, which he has successfully tested with (I omit the names of the horses) that it is for (I omit the breeder’s name) the only line that is operating in Spain”. Perhaps I was more sensitive the day that I read this report, but ladies and gentlemen, please do not tell me that the way this gentleman speaks is not wanting. Only this line, which he uses, is the one that is operating in Spain. Another phrase that I would like to highlight is “we look for horses with strength and good character— something which, for this gentleman, the PRE is lacking. We are proud of the character of the PRE and this is not a reality in many cases.” How has this

person reached this conclusion? It is the first time in my life that I have read this, and I have never before heard it. That the PRE does not have a good character it is a novelty to me. There could be some cases, very few, and I have not come across them, like in all families, and someone comes out different; Or also, as a consequence of bad handling. But this is an exception to the rule… And to conclude, because I do not want to go on and on, I will transcribe a last sentence: “I feel that you see in these horses (he is referring to the Pallarés line) a structure and, above all, muscle mass, which makes you expect power and a good motor and that as a breed they are far from their breed-type due to their HispanoArab air, and that the result, excluding exceptions, is that they have been animals with rigid shoulders, no withers and without that strength that the apparent muscle mass promised.” That is his opinion with which I do not agree. Mine is exactly the opposite. They are strong, very strong, with withers and loose shoulders, exclduing exceptions like with everything.

El Caballo Español

RIGHT OF RECTIFICATION With regards to the article published in issue number 187, signed by Antonio Rubio Becerril, and in virtue of the Law that establishes the right to rectification, I am interested in publishing this article referring to inexact facts and those that affect my honor:

rise to the case failed to constituent a crime. This court order is attached to this letter as document number three, showing that contrary to the information stated by Mr. Rubio, at the time of the actions, he did not appear as the owner of INGENUO IV.

On the 7th of July, 2007, Antonio Rubio, accused me of embezzling the horse Ingenue IV, declaring that he was the owner.

Therefore, on the date the accusation was made, as well as the date of the publication of the article published in this magazine, Mr. Antonio Rubio, was aware and knowledgeable of the fact that he did not own the horse INGENUO IV. Despite this fact, he has not only attempted throughout the entire process to attribute a crime to the author of this letter, but being aware of the inaccuracy

Following the court case, dated the 13th of November, 2007, Magistrate’s Court nº4 of Zaragoza received an official document sent by ANCCE, clarifying the changes of ownership of this horse, which established that on the day that the accusation was made, Antonio Rubio was not the owner of this horse. This official document is attached to this letter. As a consequence of all this, on the 28th of April, 2008, a court order was issued sentencing the dismissal and filing of legal actions, given that the events that gave

Magistrate’s Court Nº4

Plaza del Pilar 2, Edificio B_C, 2ª planta Zaragoza

Sevilla, Spain November 13, 2007 In response to the request for information for the INITIAL PROCEEDINGS of the abbreviated process: 4150/2007, I express the following: • First of all, I would like to explain that the Purebred Spanish Stud Book, LG-PREANCCE Stud Book, is not a property register, but rather a register of PRE horses, and of their owners, in the sense of stud farm related tasks for the actual Stud Book.

Initial procedures for the abbreviated process 4150/2007 Paralegal: Maria Pilar Morellon Leon Lawyer: Mª Carmen Hernandez Fuentes Representing: DIANA OSTARIZ OLIVER

• The horse INGENUO IV, with stud book code 190101002206768, appears as Paralegal: Mª Carmen Redondo “registered” with Yeguada San Antonio, whose owner is Mr. ANTONIO RUBIO Lawyer: Santiago Marco Briz BECERRIL, in whose name, on the 27th of August of 2007, the Ownership Card Representing: Antonio Rubio Becerril for the said horse was issued, in virtue of a private contract that appears as COURT ORDER Document 1 of the appendix, which was provided by the breeder on the 20th of August of 2007. • With respect to point C) of your request, I must state that the horse in question In Zaragoza, on the 28th of April of two thousand and eight. belonged to MR. JUAN ORLANDO VALIENTE FAJARDO, between the 5th of June of 2007 and the 24th of July of 2007, in virtue of the registration request for the Stud Farm and the visit made by the LG-PRE-ANCCE representative to the said facilities, where the horse INGENUO IV was presented, together with its registration certificate and a private contract, which appears as document 2 of the appendix. Abounding in the change of ownership of the said horse, sent in by MR. ANTONIO RUBIO BECERRIL, on the 14th of February of 2007, there is a communication that reiterates the possession of the horse to MR. JUAN ORLANDO VALIENTE FAJARDO, which is included herein as document 3.

BACKGROUND FIRST. – The present proceedings began in virtue of a formal report made by Antonio Rubio Becerril before the Civil Guards at the post in Zuera, for a possible crime of embezzlement, having undertaken as many proceedings as deemed necessary to determine the nature and circumstances of these events. LEGAL GROUNDS

The current initial proceedings began with the formal report made by Antonio Rubio Becerril on the seventh of July of two thousand and seven, in which he stated that he was the owner of a Purebred Spanish Horse named Please allow me to warn about the dates of the “documents.” Mr. Rubio sold the Ignenuo IV, worth 180,000 euros, and that was normally ridden by the rider horse on January 2, he purchased it on January 3, and on February 14 insisted Diana Ostariz Oliver, who since the first of July of two thousand and seven had left with the horse to compete in an equestrian competition in Sabadell, that it was not his. and had not returned the horse, for which (Mr. Rubio) understood could constitute the crime of embezzlement. Once Diana Ostariz had given her testimony, stating that she had been responsible for the horse for the past four years, and that according to her understanding, the horse was owned by Juan Valiente Fajardo, therefore she could not turn it over to anyone without the authorization of its owner. However, when required by this Court to turn over the said horse to Antonio Rubio Becerrill, she did so. Of the evidence collected during the procedures, and in spite of the testimony of Mr. Rubio Becerril, it is clear that the ownership of the said horse

ANCCE

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of this accusation, published the article that is the subject of this present rectification.

that is to say, the said documentation was in his hands since August of 2007.

Clarifying that the legal resolution supplied by Mr. Rubio is not a sentence, that Diana Ostáriz has never been a rider for Yeguada de San Antonio, but rather the relationship was that of another client. It being proven that the letter published, sent by Luis Ostáriz, went to the legitimate owner.

The intention is a malicious attempt against my fame and honor, with the purpose of discrediting the good public opinion that this party, with my own efforts, has built in the horse world, by accusing me of a criminal act that I have not committed and that the courts have finally sentenced in my favor.

Equally I deny taking any material owned by him, nor the passport with its photocopy, documentation that was presented for the judicial process, it being Mr. Rubio himself who appeared before the courts on the 8th of August 2007, expressing interest in the Courts returning the said documents, something that is accredited by the copy of the court ruling that was agreed,

Diana Ostáriz

has changed constantly, with the owner appearing alternately as being Antonio Rubio Becerril, or Juan Orlando Valiente Fajardo, and specifically in the month of the events reported in this court case, in June of two thousand and seven, the owner appears as Juan Orlando Valiente Fajardo, and that is what ANCCE has informed, an organization that has the said information in virtue of the documents turned over by Antonio Rubio Becerril himself. In conclusion, the events reported do not constitute the crime of embezzlement on behalf of Diana Ostariz Oliver, being that at the time did she dispose of the horse as its owner, transferring the legitimate possession that she had received as illegitimate property. At no point did Diana Ostariz refuse to turn over the horse to its owner, although the person who claimed the horse, Antonio Rubio Becerril, did not appear as the owner from the 5th of June to the 24th of July of two thousand and seven, which is when the conflict arose. In the light of what has been stated, and that the events reported do not constitute criminal acts, the court proceeds to sentence the dismissal of the proceedings and filing of all actions. REGULATION DECREE THE DISMISSAL AND FILING of the actions given that the events that gave rise to the case do not constitute criminal doing. MAKE THIS RESOLUTION KNOWN TO THE ATTORNEY GENERAL AND OTHER PARTIES INVOLVED, warning them that they may present an appeal before this Court, A REFORM APPEAL AND/OR APPEAL within THREE DAYS. Thus, it has been agreed, ordered and signed by MS. SOLEDAD ALEJANRE DOMENECH, MAGISTRATE at the Magistrate’s Court Nº4 of Zaragoza and its area.

INITIAL PROCEDURES FOR THE ABBREVIATED PROCESS 4150/2007 Paralegal: Lawyer: Representing: TESTIFIES – IN ZARAGOZA, on the 8th of August of two thousand and seven, before His/Her Honor, assisted by me, the Court Secretary, appears the person who states his name as ANTONIO RUBIO BECERRIL, with ID 17848157-L, and whose other personal circumstances appear in the Court Order, and who states: That on the third of the present month, the horse INGENUO IV was turned over to him on behalf of Diana Ostariz Oliver, and so that the said horse can compete, the documents presented by the aforementioned Ms. Ostariz, relative to the PASSPORT and LIC (Equine Competition Identification Book). Likewise, (he) states that he is interested in the return of the horse’s Health ID Card and the passport, documents which are in the hands of Diana Ostariz. On behalf of His/Her Honor, and agreed to with the interested party, the return of said documentation, stating that these (documents) are included in the process, with it not being possible to turn over the health card and the passport as they were not supplied with the proceedings. For all of this, the present document has been drafted and having been read, has been agreed to by the parties, which is signed by His/Her Honor, and as proof of receipt, I testify.

El Caballo Español

INTERVIEW

by José A. Fdez. Lineros

MARTÍN SOLER MÁRQUEZ, Regional Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries for the Andalusian Regional Government 8

ANCCE

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How do you see the current situation of Andalusian horse breeding within the Spanish and international context? Andalusia ranks first in all of Spain in terms of number of horses, which also give the area a important position within the international context, where the PRE horse is a top level reference. The equine sector is key within the Andalusian breeding scene, which has been aided by the constant increase in equine numbers since 1992, the increase in the genetic improvement of pure-bred horses and a greater degree of professionalism. All this, together with evermore coordination of the sector, has motivated the increase in the economic value of equine breeding to the current figure of 23.5 million Euros, which is 40% of the national value.

associations such as ANCCE, which is in charge of the PRE Stud Book. I am convinced that wagering stakes on Andalusian equine sector is synonymous to backing a “winning horse.” To do this, we need a commitment from all those involved.

What are the tools to promote the sector? Andalusian equine breeding sector has a multitude of strengths that should act as an impulse for the greater growth of this sector. Among other characteristics, Andalusia stands out for the size and the wealth of its natural environment, a suitable climate and, of course, cultural aspects. That is why it occupies an ideal place to carry out extensive livestock breeding, such as that of equines. Andalusia has historically been a land with strong In countries such as Germany and France, horses are ties to equine production. This has translated in the one of the three most important industries. Do you think creation of a genetic base that very few countries that we will one day be able to reach these levels in have, as well as the development of the necessary Andalusia and in Spain? technological means for making use of it. In addition Without a doubt. At the moment, the equine sector in to this, you must add the new opportunities that have Andalusia generates a remarkable economic wealth, arisen and that are linked to the growing demands creating employment in various areas, both in the of recreational activities and rural tourism, because primary sector of horse production and in the service these have become another major opportunity for sector; therefore we have the necessary potential to development, growth and evaluation of the sector, in achieve this objective. In this sense, at the Regional national and international markets. Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries we are working Nevertheless, to promote the possibilities that the sector to strengthen and modernize the equine sector in our has already presented even more, it is necessary that region by offering all our support and efforts both to we continue working on improving registration and the associations and to the professionals working in the identification, health, breeding and the selection of sector. One good example of this is the support that breeds, the training of specialists in breeding, handling we have given to the creation of the reference center and competition, the promotion of an equine culture of the equine sector, where activities are carried out and the development of an industry and auxiliary aimed at modernization, technological and health services. improvements, thus contributing to the stability and Along with these policies—the optimization of stud farms. purpose of which is to strengthen On the other hand, it is necessary and modernize the equine sector— The Andalusian Regional to appreciate the Andalusian it is essential that horses are truly Ministry of Agriculture heritage and to increase the integrated into our daily lives, by and Fisheries is leading recognition of our genetic heritage. means of culture, sport, leisure, rural For this, the presence of PRE horses the way with promotional tourism, competition, education, at international fairs and events, therapies... All these activities will activities for purebred such as the Fiera Cavalli of Verona help generate a highly competitive horses within the national sector and with enormous future and the International PRE Horse Fair (SICAB), play a fundamental possibilities. and international role. These events are backed by Does the Regional Ministry have any framework. We fully our Ministry with active and direct plans to help breeders to open the participation. participate in and doors of international markets? I would also like to highlight the support those events that As I have already commented, important role played other the Andalusian Regional Ministry promote and proliferate institutions play, such as the of Agriculture and Fisheries is the PRE the world over University (the Department of leading the way with promotional Veterinary Molecular Genetics, and we have been doing activities for purebred horses within at the University of Cordoba, for the national and international this for several years example, performs Molecular framework. We fully participate Polymorphism tests); technical with economic aid and in and support those events that areas of independent organizations promote and proliferate the PRE by participating at the within the Ministry of Defense (such the world over and we have been principal international as the Military Stud farm of Écija, doing this for several years with where work is being carried out in fairs and trade shows economic aid and by participating the field of artificial insemination at the principal international fairs and embryo transfer) and and trade shows.

El Caballo Español

There are grants destined for the Reference Centers that perform fundamental work in the modernization of stud farms, genetic improvement and improvement in animal health and well-being

But, in addition to economic aid, whether specific to the equine sector or general aid for equine breeders—such as that for extensively farmed native breeds—I understand that the fundamental aspect is to attain solid productive and commercial structures. With regards to this, there are grants destined for the Reference Centers that perform fundamental work in the modernization of stud farms, genetic improvement and improvement in animal health and well-being. The work carried out by these centers is key for strengthening the sector and for the viability and security of equine farms and their production, making them stronger to be able to face international markets. How can you alleviate, in some way, the crisis we are suffering and that is directly affecting equine breeding sector? The Rural Development Plan (PDR) 2007-2013 will no doubt offer a respite for this and other sectors, because along with the sustainable development of rural areas, it also pursues an improvement in the living conditions of those who live and work in this environment. Among its principal objectives is the increase in the competitiveness of agriculture, livestock breeding and forestry, which will use up more than half of the budget. On the other hand, the PDR considers the improvement of the structural dimension of agrarian and forestry operations to be a high-priority, which requires productive systems with a greater adaptability capacity, open to the new technologies and innovation and which take advantage of the resources in a sustainable way. Is the current PRE stud farm model suitable to compete on international markets?

ANCCE

Internationally, the PRE is a very highly valued horse, therefore we have to work to maintain a good professional level that we already have and, also, to continue consolidating the marketing channels. In Andalusia we have the appropriate means and capacity to achieve this; therefore we at the Regional Ministry are always willing to collaborate. R.C.E. Do you believe that the future of PRE breeding must necessarily be reorganized or restructured? I would not talk of reorganization as such, but yes of improving our value by means of setting up the actions that I have mentioned previously. Only in this way, with the effort and the drive of all those involved— associations, breeders and Public Administration—will we be able to make the most of our potential. The red tape for moving equines, when referring to permanent transfers, is really cumbersome. Has some formula been thought of to speed them up and to favor breeders and owners? This is the objective of the actions that we have been carrying out at the Regional Ministry. In Andalusia, the temporary movement of equines (for less than 7 days) has a simple procedure based on notification. This has greatly helped the attendance at competitions and other events. With regards to permanent transfers, we are working on it, within the framework of EU Regulations, on a simplified system by changes in the corresponding regulations and the use of IT procedures both for equines and for all the other animal species. This will translate into the simplification of all (stuff) farm-related processes.

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Historia del PRE FRANCISCO JAVIER RUÍZ, SPANISH HIGH SCHOOL CHAMPION

EL CABALLO ESPAÑOL The PRE horse magazine since 1978

Edited by: Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Caballos de Pura Raza Española (ANCCE) Cortijo de Cuarto (Viejo) 41014 SEVILLA Telephone: +34 954 68 92 60, Fax: +34 954 69 03 27 www.ancce.com revista@ancce.com Editor-in-Chief: Javier Conde Cerrato Editorial Committee: Comisión de Comunicación de la ANCCE Editor: José A. Fdez Lineros lineros.doma@hotmail.com revista@ancce.com

Alta Escuela (Spanish High School) continues upwards and onwards towards official recognition following the second Spanish National Championships, held from the 20th to 21st of September at the Andujar Fair Grounds (Jaén). Francisco Javier Ruíz Garrido, with Ibn Jerez, became the Champion of Spain. The silver medal went to Salvador Sánchez Delgado, with Flamenco XLI, while Antonio Maldonado Marrón, riding Bailongo, were awarded the bronze. With twenty riders participating, it was also attended by well-known people from the equestrian world in Spain, such as Ángel Peralta.

Technical Coordinator: Inmaculada Rodríguez Prensa@ancce.com

The audience attending the championships not only enjoyed the beauty and complexity of Alta Escuela shown by all the participants, but also an equestrian exhibition by the rider José María Sánchez Cobo from the Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art in Jerez. Riding Fogonero, he presented his number, Fantasía. He was then presented with a plaque in recognition of his participation.

ts cipan Par ti anish p eS in th ational N ol Scho High ships n pio Cham

Columnist: Jaime Molina, Manuel González and Jacobo Rojo Secretaries: Ana Luque and Inmaculada Segura Publicity: Alejandro Sánchez +34 954 689 260 comercial@ancce.com Photos: Rafael Lemos, Manuel Vasco, María Gómez, Felipe Caparrós y Javier Bautista Design and Set up: Editorial Maratania www.maratania.es maratania@maratania.es Translations: Yreva Arobed SL traducciones@yrevaarobed.com Photo mechanics and Printing: J. de Haro Artes Gráficas, S.L. www.jdeharo.com jdeharo@jdeharo.com Legal Registration Code: SE-186-1980

© All rights reserved. No part of this magazine, including its contents, texts, graphics and photographs, whether in English or Spanish, may be reproduced by any means without specific written permission from the publishers. El Caballo Español is not responsible for the opinions expressed by its collaborators in the articles published.

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News El Caballo Español

THE BADAJOZ ANIMAL SELECTION AND REPRODUCTION CENTER HAS STARTED A SERVICE OF AN EQUINE GERMPLASM BANK

Mango VI, owned by Atalaya Alta

The Animal Selection and Reproduction Center (Censyra), located in Badajoz, has launched an equine germplasm bank service, which will allow "the conservation of the genetic material of horses from any part of the world". It is a service that "will help complete" the work that is carried out by the Animal Selection and Reproduction Center, in terms of reproduction, conservation and improving the genetics of horses. This is what the Regional Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development of the Extremadura Provincial Government, Juan María Vázquez, stated, at the Press Conference, attended by the General Director of Agrarian Businesses, María Curiel, the Director of Community Agrarian Policies, Antonio Cabezas, and the President of the Purebred Spanish Horse Breeders’ Association of Extremadura, Carmen Pinilla, among others. With regards to the advantages that the preservation of genetic material can provide to breeders, the President of the Purebred Spanish Horse Breeders’ Association of Extremadura, Carmen Pinilla, stated that this service "will allow the quality of the stud farms to be reinforced, as well as bringing the sperm from other horses from the rest of the world".

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EVENTING WORKSHOP Organized by FEBA at the Gran Hipódromo de Andalucía (Race Course) in Dos Hermanas, Sevilla

Víctor Álvarez impertiendo el clinic a unos de los jinetes participantes en las instalaciones del Hampton Green Farm

On the 9th and 10th of August, FEBA, the Fundación de Equitación de Base (Foundation for Basic Equitation), organized a workshop at the magnificent facilities of the Gran Hipódromo de Andalucía in Dos Hermanas, Sevilla. At the weekend workshop, José A. Fdez. Lineros provided the theoretical and practical classes on Dressage, focusing on Eventing, while CobyBolger was in charge of the cross-country. Twenty-five horses/riders took part, divided into groups according to their level of knowledge. There were also two talks given by Coby Bolger, one on training and getting your horse fit, and the other on the correct handling of feed to avoid doping because of a lack of knowledge. The talks were of free of charge and were attended by numerous members of the public interested in these subjects.

Cristian García Gómez riding Abrileña, owned by Yeguada El Diabolo

There was a timed cross-country on the Sunday, organized for the levels of beginner, pre-novice, novice and training. The participants demonstrated the progress and knowledge they had acquired over the weekend. To conclude the workshop, footage taken throughout the weekend were projected for all to comment on, errors to be corrected, and conclusions to be reached. Among those participating were two PRE horses, from the Yeguada el Diabolo, who demonstrated that there is also a place for the PRE in Eventing.

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32ND EXHIBITION OF CARRIAGE DRIVING TURNOUTS IN RONDA The 32nd edition of the Ronda Competition-exhibition of Turnouts took place on the 7th of September, starting at 12.00 noon. It was organized by the Real Maestranza de Caballería and Ronda City Council, and run by the Royal Carriage Driving Club of Andalusia. This year, over 70 horses and 22 carriages from various cities of Spain and Europe took part. The Competition-Exhibition took place in two parts. The first started at 10.00 am, when all the participating turnouts filled the Calle Virgen de la Paz and all around the square, presenting the carriages, the harness, the horses, drivers and grooms, so that the judges could judge them individually. They had to take into consideration such aspects as the construction and conservation of the carriages, the accessories, the horses, the state of shoeing, the style of dress being appropriate to the type of turnout and the overall impression. Starting at 12 noon, the various carriages began entering the Bull Ring, according to the 7 participant modes and the evaluation exercises began. The judges

now had to evaluate the driver (position, guidance and handling) and the horse (impulsion, regularity and cadence of paces), as well as the movements to be performed according to the requirements in the rules. Finally all the carriages participated in a carrousel and gave way to the deliberations of the judges. The collection was destined to benefit two entities, ASPRODISIS (Protective Association for People with Intellectual Disabilities of Ronda and Natural District) and ASIDOSER (Downs Syndrome Association of Ronda and Serranía). 90% of the participant horses were PREs, whose technical preparation and training as competitive horses for dressage is one of the principal objectives of the equestrian school run by the Real Maestranza de Caballería in Ronda. The reason for the competition, one of the equestrian displays which is most rooted in the Andalusian culture, is to disseminate information about the uses of the PRE Horse and, at the same time, to teach visitors in Ronda about a fundamental aspect of Andalusian culture.

Carriages participating at the 32nd Carriage Exhibition of Ronda

photo: lemos

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EQUINE SHOW BY THE BARCELONA CITY POLICE AT THE 20TH EDITION OF EQUUS CATALONIA

Show offered by the Barcelona Mounted Police at Equus Catalonia

The Barcelona Mounted Police closed the 20th edition of the International Equine Trade Fair, Equus Catalonia. Last Sunday, October 5th, the Unit presented its prestigious Show Carrousel to conclude the 3-day Event. The first Carrousel was presented in 1910, before King Alphonse XIII, in the Plaza de las Arenas in Barcelona. Since then, the Carrousel has performed at a number of national and international events. The Barcelona Mounted Police horses have been performed in Italy, Switzerland, Germany, France, England, Holland, Belgium and Austria. Three years ago, the Show could be seen in Girona, also within the framework of Equus Catalonia. The Barcelona Mounted Unit has 36 horses and 45 policemen, under the management of Intendant Salvador PallarĂŠs. The unit was created in 1856 and, in the 2006 celebrated its 150th anniversary.

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CALL FOR RFHE ELECTIONS Javier Revuelta, only candidate for the presidency of the RFHE As is specified by the High Council for Sports, all the Federations participating in the Olympic Games must call for elections in the two months following the Games. The RFHE Board of Directors, complying with articles 4 and 5 of the Order ECI/3567/2007, dated the 4th of December, by which the electoral processes of Spanish competitive Federations are regulated, called for elections for members of the General Assembly, President and Commission Representative of the RFHE, on the 2nd of September.

Once the deadline for the presentation of candidacies for the Presidency of the Royal Spanish Equestrian Federation had closed, the Election Board has agreed to proclaim Javier Revuelta del Peral as the only candidate. He tendered his resignation as President of the Federation Managing Commission on the 20th of October, to subsequently send to the aforementioned Board the presentation of his proposal, along with a total of 63 supporters, that they make him the only candidate for the President of the RFHE for the 2009-2012 term.

JOAQUÍN MEDINA GARCÍA, NEW PRESIDENT OF THE ANDALUSIAN EQUESTRIAN FEDERATION

R.C.E. When and where did the elections take place?

Will there be anything new in the structure of the Federation?

The Assembly where I was elected took place in the Antares Club on the 7th of July, and I was proclaimed president on the 15th of July.

Yes, new the Committees for teaching and relations with the clubs, the Territorial Technical Committee of Judges and the Committee for juniors will be created, the previous six vice-presidencies will be reduced to three, one of whom will be responsible for the Olympic disciplines and juniors, another for the non-Olympic disciplines and economic administration and the third for teaching, committee of judges, and relationships with clubs.

Was it hard fought? How many votes were registered in favor of your candidacy? No, it was not hard fought, the great majority of the Andalusian equestrian family supported me, and, from here, I would like to thank everyone for their confidence in me. Of an Assembly attended by 38 members, 25 voted me, 12 voted for the other candidate and abstained. Joaquín, could you summarize the new projects that you have prepared for this new term. For this legislature, the first and most important of my projects is to establish some mechanisms for the promotion of grassroots equitation, creating Provincial structures for competition in all the disciplines, which will in turn ensure a correct initiation and continuity of the new federated members. I also would like to endow each of the disciplines with an individual budget that is put together by each Committee, according to their individual needs, which, having been approved by the Board, are presented each year to the Assembly, for their knowledge, so that that all the administration of the Federative is as transparent as possible.

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The disciplines of equestrian walks and tapes does not have its own Committee, they fall directly within the remit of the vice-president of non-Olympic disciplines. How many federated members are there in the Andalusian Federation? There are currently two thousand six hundred competition licenses for riders, there are also horse licenses, and for hacking. Thank you Good luck with the new legislature

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II INTERNATIONAL CARRIAGE DRIVING SHOW (SIAT)

Horse enthusiasts and professionals, specifically carriage driving fans, were present from the 25th to 28th of September at the Gran Hipódromo de Andalucía “Javier Piñar Haffner” (Race Course) in Dos Hermanas. Judit Anda, General Manager for the Regional Andalusian Government office for Agricultural Production was responsible for inaugurating the second edition of the International Carriage Driving Show, together with Francisco Toscano, Mayor of Dos Hermanas, Santiago Herrero, President of the Andalusian Entrepreneur Confederation and Jesus Contreras, President of the Royal Andalusian Carriage Driving Club. Following the official cutting of the

Some 350 horses and 150 carriages were on hand for the event. The International Carriage Driving Competition, CAI “B”, and the Andalusian Competition Carriage Driving Championships were the most outstanding innovative aspects for this year. All competitions held—except for those cancelled due to the rain— were run by judges who had been World and Olympic Champions, from Portugal, France, Belgium and, of course, Spain.

, scazo co To reras s i c n h Fra esús Cont n wit J ribbo eros and l a r augu agoHerr n i e i g th Sant uttin

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Judit

inaugural ribbon, there was a Show by the Royal School of Equestrian Art from Jerez.

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OBITUARY JUAN ANTONIO JORODOVICH HAS PASSED AWAY Juan Antonio Jorodovich, owner of the famous stud farm, Can Maynou, located in Roca del Vallés (Barcelona) died last Saturday, the 18th, while at FERICAB, the conformation competition in Lorca. The breeder was watching the conformation classes until Friday, in which Can Maynou participated with several horses. Juan Antonio was a PRE enthusiast, attending a multitude of competitions each year and harvesting successes for his stud farm. He was a common sight in the arenas, where he attentively followed each and every one of the horses that competed, and was highly knowledgeable about the PRE. At the front of the stud farm Can Maynou, this breeder has worked very hard on the promotion of the breed in Spain in recent years. Juan Antonio Jorodovich was a member of the ANCCE Board of Directors. Our most sincere condolences and best wishes go to the family. Rest in peace.

TODAY, MORE THAN EVER BEFORE, WE ARE BY YOUR SIDE The truth is that you were never the type to be in the limelight, among other reasons, you never sought recognition, from your attitudes that were as efficient as discreet. If we say, José Juan Morales, perhaps many of your colleagues, members of ANCCE, fail to know who we are referring to, except those linked to the world of carriage driving, where you were better known as a judge and great enthusiast, and you circle of friends. Few will have any idea who you are, and it will be difficult for them to identify your face, but those who know you as a person, more than ever, we want to be at your side. You have been a member of the great ANCCE family for years, in spite of the fact that you were a relatively new breeder. It is enough to say that your first collaboration with the Association began at SICAB in the mid-nineties, and with the 1998 election, you became a member of the Electoral Board, with your good friend, José Mª Rojas Palatín, with whom you shared the same post in 2006, when you had to live with tense situations, successfully, thanks to your proverbial level-headedness. Your just and exquisite form also led you to be a member of the ANCCE Disciplinary Committee in 2008, and as always, you helped squelch the fires under difficult circumstances, but earning the love of all those who had the opportunity of working by your side, and collaborating when it was most difficult. However, these difficulties are but a joke, a simple store in the light of the suffering you are going through with the death, a few days ago, of your son Pepe. A father is never prepared to lose a son, whatever his age may be, but if he is just a lad, he inherited your love for horses, and driving, and shared journeys, competitions and joy with you, it must be a nightmare from which you want to wake up to see it has all gone by. We know that to speak of condolences in these circumstances is trivial, but at least your friends at ANCCE, those who have had the opportunity to really get to know you, we want to send you our support. We are aware that this support will not help heal the wounds of your soul, but it will give you the opportunity to know that there are more people than you can imagine who are thinking of you, and who pray for your family, and that today, more than ever before, we are at you side, in silence, but at your side. . YOUR FRIENDS AT ANCCE

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THE FORUM 1

The Forum

Manuel Carvajal

TRAINING A RIDER: PRACTICE AND SKILL A rider must be skillful in equitation, not only mounted, but also when working on the lunge and from the ground, as well as in the daily handling of horses. To acquire skill and knowledge about how you should treat horses (above all for somebody who is just starting out), the best way is to take care of them, to become an apprentice of a stable groom, mucking out stables and grooming horses for a necessary period of time, until you know how to approach them without fear and with confidence. In this way, horses will also have confidence in the apprentice, who, little by little, will become a horse-man (or woman).

By caring for horses, you learn how to treat them from the ground, which is different from when mounted; you learn how to tie them up, to pick their feet up, to know which are their most sensitive areas, to know their character and to know when a horse accepts you, or not. What is even more important when handling young horses, is to know that you not only learn with them, but rather you have the obligation of teaching them to that go well from the right, to stay tied-up, that they must give one their feet when you want to clean their hooves, etc. When you care for horses, you also learn what they should eat and drink, and should they have drinking troughs, that you must check that these are clean, and in this way, everything that are important so that the horse can work well. At the same time, to acquire knowledge about illnesses and how their behavior in the stables can reflect what their behavior will be like when worked. All this must be carried out, wherever possible, with a professional, who will, at all times, indicate what you should do, and how, at the same time that they will advise you of any possible risks, which also exist. As an apprentice, you will help the instructor work the horses on the lunge. Thus, you will become familiar with the reactions of horses doing this (above all, young horses) who, as I mentioned before, are different from those that are generally found in stables.

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When working on the lunge, the apprentice will carry out everything that their instructor carries out. The way in which the rope or line is handled, knowing how the whip should be used, the way in which the horse must go on the circle that this work implies, at the three paces (walk, trot and canter), as well as how to ask them for transitions from one pace to another. Almost certainly, as an apprentice, you will start by helping with the whip, and in this way, will have to bear in mind the impulsion needed by the horse when working in this way, the impulsion that is achieved with the whip (once mounted you will have to get the horse going well forward with the legs, in the same that the lunge line, with which the horse is guided when on the lunge, will be substituted by the reins). You will also learn how to put on bandages, to bridle, to saddle, etc with the instructor. In summary, you will learn to prepare a horse correctly before riding it or working it from the ground. Another very important part of apprenticeship (once you know how to care for the horse), is to break and train young horses. General L'Hott said that â&#x20AC;&#x153;anyone who has never broken a young horse does not deserve the name of rider.â&#x20AC;? So from very early on, you must start to acquire notions of the most important and basic factors in the equitation, such as being calm, having confidence and going forward in a straight line. If you achieve all this, you will also be learning about another basic and primordial factor, submission, always respecting the level of training of the horse, although

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The School at Saumur photo lemos

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respect of humans must be instilled in the young horse in the stable, along with the daily care. Once you have decided to ride a horse well, you must always start under the care of an instructor. Although there are students who have already ridden before they arrived at the school of equitation, and who know how to care for the horse, they must all start as instructed. Some apprentices are more skillful than others, but this does not mean anything at the moment, as a riderâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s training is very long and, sometimes, things change. In this profession not only skill is needed, but rather also and perhaps more important, effort, perseverance, love, study, dedication and humbleness. If the apprentice wants to be a good dressage rider, he or she must start by acquiring a good position and a good seat. For this, there is nothing better than lessons on the lunge, to gain a good seat and balance. These should take place, wherever possible, on a daily base, from an instructor who knows, at all times, what must be corrected. Each student has some abilities and some defects and the instructor must build on those abilities and correct the defects before they become bad habits, above all with regards to position and balance. When you have ridden in an incorrect way for enough time, it is very difficult to correcting the faults and a greater effort is required. Therefore, lunge lessons, riding without reins or stirrups, are where the rider is physically trained, and where they acquire that much desired

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skill, so that all their movements become independent and they are able to apply the correct aids at all times. If you achieve this independence of being able to use the hands, legs and seat, as well as the weight of the body, at the moment it is required, you already have a rider who is ready to be able to ride alone, with stirrups and reins and in this way will be able to guide their horse without seats or position problems. Who will make the best physical rider? The one who sits best at the three paces. And, who will make the most technical rider? The one who thinks best. Always, of course, if they have had a suitable training. Therefore, if you join both qualities, you can and should ride well. But you must be aware that you needs constant training, as you never stop learning. Once all these aspects have been overcome, you can work horses from the ground. This way, you can achieve very valuable results, with some exercises, better than when mounted. Everything always depends on the skill of the rider and how much they like their work. All horses benefit from a little bit of working from the ground (always on both reins), which will subsequently help in some mounted exercises, and the horse will accept them well. It is important that all this work is always started with an instructor at your side, with which you will avoid errors that will be difficult to correct in the future. As the riderâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s skill improves, so will their results.

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The Forum

José A. Fdez. Lineros

THE PRE: A GOOD HORSE FOR JUNIORS

Guajiro XXVI bred by Mario Torio and owned by Jose A. Bautista, ridden by Beatriz Robert Samper in the section for 13 – 15 year-year-olds 28

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Almost ninety horses participated in the last Spanish Dressage Championships for Juniors, of these only two were PRE. It is a curious detail if you compare it with adult competitions or the young horse circuit, where PRE horses are plentiful, although still not as much so as we would like it to be. Mistaken conclusions could be reached, thinking that the PRE is not a suitable horse for juniors, but this is not so, nothing could be further from the truth. The PRE, thanks to its docility, easiness when handling, good character and its honest and noble behavior, make it an ideal horse for the lower categories. So, why they are not present at this type of competition?

I sincerely believe that it is a simple question of availability. Young riders need a horse that is trained to such a level that they can ride it, in the corresponding test, with certain guarantees of success and that this is, in fact, what is lacking in the PRE market. Horses trained correctly to a medium level. There are thousands of young horses available, hundreds of horses that can perform High School exercises, and even a few horses at top level, but horses that walk, trot and canter correctly, who can perform work on two tracks, who are capable of neat and tidy flying changes, those that are easy to handle and have good physiques, are not put on the market, and that is exactly what a young rider needs. Children do not buy youngsters and train them as they are going up through the categories; that would be a utopia. Parents want to purchase horses that are ALREADY at the level that their children need. However this type of horse is plentiful in Central Europe and the parents go there to buy the horse so that their children can participate in competitions in Spain, and they pay ridiculous prices. No, it is not that there are no suitable PRE horses in Spain. No, what is lacking, are PRE horses that are suitably trained for these levels. In the lowest categories, 9 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 11 year-olds and 11 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 13 year-olds, small horses or ponies are usually used. The PRE market could also supply ideal animals for this sector of the market, horses that are not suitable as sire stallions, because they have failed to reach the minimum height or that, even having been approved for breeding, due to their height will never be used as such, and being geldings and trained to a basic level would more than fulfill the requirements that are required of a horse for children. In Europe, there are a great number of professionals who buy young horses, they enjoy them, they train them and they later sell them to, among others, the Spaniards who are looking for a horse that as soon as it arrives in Spain can be ridden by their child in a competition and, with a bit of luck, even win. This intermediate step between the breeder and the final client is, perhaps, what we are lacking and what we should make the most of, but how? I suppose that there are a number of ways of doing things, and among all those involved, you should be able to find a solution; perhaps through the Associations. What seems quite clear is that, for the time being, this is a practically virgin market in Spain, and what we must not forget is that the professionals are motivated by money.

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The Forum

Rafael Lemos

I OFTEN FEEL LIKE JUST ANOTHER HORSE Horses have a halo of magic. For those who love and adore them, find they spark an irresistible attraction due to their personality, skill, fighting spirit and capacity to communicate with humankind. These qualities go unnoticed to those who are indifferent, who only know that, on one hand, they bite and, on the other, they kick. They will never know the treasure of fascination and satisfaction that they are missing.

After having traveled around more than half the world photographing horses, always, of course, PREs, I remember my stay in England when I met a colleague who took a recording of the neighs of mares on a cassette with him. With this, he made his work easier, because while I photographed one horse, he photographed two or three. I was totally impressed, because I tried to do it, but it failed to come out. What should I do? Learn how to neigh as if I were one of them. What does this mean? That I am the most truthful notary in the last half century within the world of the PRE, as my good friend Luis Maillo said. Now I am just one another horse. I go into the herds of mares neighing and I communicate with all of them. As a consequence, their expressions and their behavior are different and, as a result, so is my work. It is curious, because in my day-to-day life, I live my passion for horses. I always dress with belts with allusions to horses, my shoes always have horse themes, my sweaters always have equestrian motifs, even my handkerchief mentions them and, of course, I always wear something on my head, a cap or a hat. In addition, all around me, the world of the horse is visible from every seam and to the extent that my wife says that I am ill. Well, it is a life style like any other. It is part of the halo of magic that horses have.

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Rafael Lemos adjusting the headpiece of his horse Engañoso. Bred by Yeguada Marín García

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T HE M A L L

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T HE M A L L

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AMUSEMENT

Do you agree with the judge? This horse has been judged by two qualified conformation judges who commonly appear in competition. There was no communication between them, and therefore, neither of them knows what the other has written. If you want to compare you opinion with theirs, and then see the differences and similarities the three, complete the score sheet and look at the answer on page 116.

JUDGES : • Álvaro Cabrera • Luis Lucio Perez

SCORE SHEET Extremities and limb alignment of the forelimb Note: Comments:

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SPORTS SPANISH DRESSAGE CHAMPIONSHIP FOR JUNIORS Dehesa de Montenmedio hosted the event on the 19th, 20th and 21st of September. It was attended by about ninety horses, divided into various categories, 9 – 11 years, 11 – 13 years, 13 – 15 years, 15 – 18 years and young riders. There was a clear increase in the level of quality compared to previous years, both with regards to horses and training; especially in the younger agegroups. On the downside, the disparity of criteria between one or two of the judges in comparison with all the others. This is something that clearly benefited some and was a disadvantage for others. The presence PRE horses was limited, but Guajiro XXVI was most noteworthy. He competed in the 13 – 15 years age group, ridden by Beatriz Robert, but was one of those who suffered on the first day, even so, he achieved fourth place, close behind the bronze medal. The Champions were: 9 – 11 years: Carlota Majo 11 – 13 years: Idota de la Heras 13 – 15 years: Ariadna Alvarez 15 – 18 years: Laura Beatriz Reija Young Riders: Carmen Naesgard

photo: javier bautista

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EXCELLENT PERFORMANCE BY RAFAEL ORTIZ WITH GNIDIUM IN THE CDI*** AT SAUMUR The facilities of the French National School of Equitation played host to the Saumur CDI*** from the 26th to 28th of September. Of the 66 participants, the performance by Rafael Ortiz with the PRE Gnidium stood out in the Gran Prix tests. They were the best of the three Spaniards participating, especially their performance in the Gran Prix Freestyle—a test they finished in second place, with a score of 72.650%. Ortiz performed well in the Gran Prix on Saturday, where he took eighth place, with a rough calculation of 65.625%.

Rafael Ortiz riding Gnidium, owned by Antonio Ruiz and bred by Hnos. Camacho Beníne. (File photo)

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2008 Spanish National Dressage Championships

ONCE AGAIN, TWO PRE HORSES ON THE DRESSAGE PODIUM Fuego XII y Fogonero 6, gold and bronze in the Spanish National Dressage Championship The 2008 Spanish National Dressage Championships was disputed at the Equestrian Center – Yeguada La Beata in Valdepeñas de Jaén (in the province of Jaen), from the 10th to 12th of October.

Castilla riding Jade de Mv and José María Sánchez Cobos with his PRE, Fogonero 6 with 67.400 points and the bronze. Once again the PRE has stood out in Spain’s dressage.

There were 21 competitors, and including Juan Manuel Muñoz and Fuego XII. Once again, they demonstrated that they are the best Spanish horse/ rider combination. This rider from Ecija returned home with the gold medal after the last test of the Spanish Dressage Championships with a score of 74.800%. The podium also included silver medal winner Claudio

With an extremely large audience, the tests took place throughout the weekend without any surprises. The veterinary tests took place on the Thursday afternoon and in the mornings of Friday, Saturday and Sunday the Prix St Georges and Intermediare tests were disputed. The afternoons were reserved for the top level tests, those of the Gran Prix.

Awards ceremony for the podium winners at the Spanish National Championships

photo: felipe caparrÓs

Owned by Joaquín Álvarez Muñoz, Fogonero 6, ridden by José María Sánchez Cobos, placed third

ANCCE

photo: felipe caparrÓs

Juan Manuel Muñoz with Fuego XII, owned by Miguel Ángel Cárdenas and bred by Joaquín Márquez, receiving the Gold Medal

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2008 MAPA Final by Jorge Conde

Awards ceremony for the “Excellent” Cazurro, Látigo and Alelo

Within the framework of Equus Catalonia, and one week ahead of this, the final of the Young Horse Circuit took place in the same facilities. The tests for 4, 5 and 6 year-olds, using the standard system of selection tests, was housed under several enormous marquees on the grounds in Gerona. Five judges from different areas of Spain were appointed to evaluate these, Juan Carlos Campos, Enrique Guerrero, David Merida, Pilar García and Jorge Conde. Finally, 131 horses qualified, of which 43 participated in this final. These had to qualify within the tests by the Ministry and organized by ANCCE under CDN regulations. Almost all the horses were PRE.

Tests Results The free-presentation under saddle started on Friday morning, a test in which each rider has three minutes to show their horse in the three paces, with a series of mandatory exercises, in terms of the way the horse is shown, but not the obligatory exercises for each level. The riders may carry a whip. The judges give five marks, which correspond to walk, trot, canter, submission and general impression. After this, they go on to an evaluation in-hand, not ridden,

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where the judges evaluate the various conformational regions of the horse, always from a functional and competitive point of view. The conformational regions are head and neck, withers and shoulder, back, croup, limbs and joints and limb alignment. There is another mark for general impression and another for the state of presentation. The day closes with an average of these marks, and the horses are awarded percentages. Usually, the evaluations of the first day are somewhat higher due to the conformation.

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The judges, distributed in teams of three, gave the highest percentage to Salvatage, who obtained 70.92%. Second place went to PILATOS with 70.64% and 69.21% went to URDIALES. Twenty-three horses participated in this category. In the group of 5 year-olds, surprisingly this group has the least number of participants this year, with only eight participants, Latigo VI placed first, with 72.17, Cubanon came second with 70.95, and third went to Cacique IX with 69.62. Interestingly, the group of 6 year-olds had a higher participation rate than that of the 5 year-olds, Alelo, Anterior and Enorme were the horses who came top of the line-up, with percentages of 74.22, 68.96 and 68.92, respectively.

Day two In the Preliminary test of the second day, the horses now had to face the added difficulty of being exposed to the demands of a route and specific difficulties of a certain level, as established by the official RFHE (Royal Equestrian Federation of Spain) tests.

In the group of 4 year-olds, the horse Pilatos increased his percentage to 71.00; behind him were Contuso and Leviton XIX both with 67.00%. In the group for 5 year-olds Cazurro II appeared to occupy first place, with 71.20, ahead of Latigo VI with 70.80 and Cubanon with 65.80. The group of 6 year-olds left us with higher scores on this second day; Alelo maintained his lead, with a magnificent 74.20%, followed by Seni Carlos and Barquillero 34, who were awarded 67.80 and 66.80, respectively.

Day three The test on the third day (Final for 4, 5 and 6 year-olds) is the most difficult and demanding. In the 4 yearold group, Pilatos, who had already spent two days demonstrating the quality of his paces confirmed his first place with a percentage of 70.20, giving him the only qualification of Excellent in this age-group. In the 5 year-old group, Cazurro II stood out with 68.60, followed by Latigo VI and Cacique IX who tied for 2nd place with a percentage of 66.60. The stallion Alelo 1 was the most outstanding horse, with 71.4 percent, giving him the qualification of Excellent, having proven tremendous quality for competition and a

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fantastic future in the discipline. Right behind him was Seni Carlo with 67.6 and Limeño also with 67.6. Despite the low participation, there were horses with tremendous quality, which were worked increasingly better by the riders, who brought horses that were better presented and that had more future in these breeds. Thus, in the 4 year-old group, there was one “excellent”, four “very good” and 16 “good”. In the 5 year-old group, there were two “excellent”, three “very good” and three “good”; and in the 6 year-old group, there was one spectacular “excellent”, six “very good” and three “good”, marking a group that, although small, presented great quality. The time has come for the 4-year selection process planned by the Ministry to sit down again, with all the details that have been gathered and provide

breeders with information based on these conclusions. Nevertheless, and looking outwards, we are aware of the work that lies ahead, and also that we have but touched the tip of the iceberg, and the prior study of authentic selection. Now, with data in the hand, we need help from the Ministry for this breeding sector that, although it is not the most numerous horse in terms of livestock breeding, it does have major economic potential in itself and the related services that are secondary to the equine world. The selection must continue forward without respite, in a constant improvement of the breed, to avoid lagging behind others that are already applying strict and effective selection regulations. Let us hope that these years of Ministry competitions will continue in the future to support the breeds and the hard work of breeders

Alelo 1, Excellent in the group for 6-year-olds, owned by the Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art, and bred by the Military Stallion Farm of Jerez

Látigo VI, Excellent in the group for 5-year-olds, owned by Yeguada Magin Mateu and bred by Hnos. Rodríguez – Arias

Pilatos, Excellent in the group for 4-year-olds, owned and bred by José Ignacio Sánchez Velásquez

Cazurro II, Excellent in the group for 5-year-olds, owned by Yeguada Vilaire and bred by Yeguada Marín García

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World Four-in-hand Carriage Driving Championships Injury in the Spanish team The World Four-in-hand Carriage Driving Championships started on the 4th of September in Beesd, Holland. Spain was represented by the drivers José Barranco and Juan Robles. In addition to the Spaniards, Barranca and Robles, representatives from twenty countries attended, including Germany, Holland, Hungary and the USA The Spanish team failed to achieve a good result due to the last minute injury of one of Antonio Carrillo's horses, and he was unable, finally, to take part. This fact meant that Spain participated in less than ideal conditions, since all the other teams had three drivers. Although it was not fortune did not accompany the Spanish team, they did have two strong points, Barranco’s Cones and Robles’ Marathon.

Spanish National Carriage Driving Championships The permanent Dehesa de Montenmedio circuit in Vejer de la Frontera (Cadiz) hosted the Spanish National Carriage Driving Championships for the categories of Singles, Pairs and Teams (Four-in-hand) over the weekend of the 10th to 12th of October. There were 36 drivers competing for the title, including Carlos Sanjuan, Manuel Díaz, Antonio Carrillo, Juan Robles and José Barranco. Carlos Sanjuan dominated the Singles; with his performance, he renewed his title of last year. The same happened with Manuel Díaz, who once again took the top place in the Pairs. Lastly, Juan Robles, who has won twelve national titles, was the Teams Champion, performing excellently in the Marathon and Cones. According to federatione sources, the massive enrollment of drivers in this edition of the Spanish National Championships must be highlighted, as well as the debut of a few teams, which implies that more and more people joining this equestrian discipline. Fortunately, the rain did not affect the competition, which the attending public enjoyed the skill, ability and professional know-how of the drivers.

Antonio Carrillo during a Marathon. (File photo)

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Municipal School of Equitation in Lepe (Huelva) by María Sáez de Propios

“PRE HORSES ARE IDEAL FOR A SCHOOL OF EQUITATION”

Objectives fulﬁlled by participating in competitions. (Artesano VIII, bred by Yeguada Acosta Ponce)

The enthusiasm for the world of the horses show by the town of Lepe in the province of Huelva has motivated the Town Council to invest in the creation of a municipal school of equitation. This materialized in April of 2007, starting the actual activities beginning in June of the same year. The objective, according to the director of the school, Manuel Alejandro Toscano, “is to promote and initiate enthusiasts in the field of riding.”

Activities

“The objective of this school is to promote and initiate enthusiasts in the field of riding”

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The Lepe Municipal School of Equitation has equestrian technicians who are responsible for giving lessons. These are divided into groups depending on age and levels of experience. They start off by becoming familiar with the horses, using games and the daily tasks, such as feeding, grooming or taking them for walks. But the students not only learn an equestrian discipline, but are also given additional learning, by being offered a complementary training in which all the aspects related to the horse are explained, such as their care, feeding, conformation, anatomy and the equipment for riding. All this takes place using a well-studied methodology which favors learning. Moreover, there are educational discussions in which the students learn about hygiene and basic veterinary care. “We supplement the practical classes with theory, about the care and handling of the horse, feeding, conformation, notions about veterinary science, etc”.

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“This teaching has very positive repercussions on the students, as it brings them numerous benefits, both physical and mental, elevating their self-esteem, sense of responsibility, respect of animals and team work with their colleagues”

Elegante LIX, bred by Yeguada Acosta Ponce, in one of the hacks through the countryside, ridden by José Antonio Gómez Oria

“We would like all our horses to be Spanish and we will attempt to get this little by little, since we think that it is the ideal breed for schools of equitation”

Advantages of learning This teaching has positive repercussions on the students. Manuel Alejando Toscano assures that “it brings them numerous benefits, both physical and mental, elevating their self-esteem, their sense of responsibility, respect of animals and team work with their colleagues. Physically, they develop balance, mobility and coordination”. In addition, he adds as advantages of this learning that is “gives them confidence and security, and the acquisition of sufficient technique to control the horse and be able to perform the activity that they want”. Amongst the students of the Lepe Municipal School of Equitation, the director highlights the following. “From October to June, our students are usually from the area. In the summer months, we have many clients who are spending their vacations on the coast; we therefore offer a leisure service for tourism. During the academic year for children (October-June), we have about 120 places that are usually filled; and on the summer courses, which focuse on tourism, we have had a lot of take-up, filling the available places”. The

most requested classes are dressage, initiation more than improvement, although hacking on horse-back is always an attraction.

Methodology According to Toscan, they use the methodology recommended by the Spanish Equestrian Federation as a reference, distributed in levels (canters), and the progressive evolution of the student. Also, “we practice “combined horsemanship”, which consists of teaching several disciplines to the student, such as jumping, dressage, cross-country, etc., so that they can be a complete horseman and, later, choose the discipline that they like most.”. “Our objective is to take the students to basic and medium level in social and inter-club competition; and to advanced level events, to regional and national competitions both in dressage, jumping and eventing”. They have a number of projects that will start in the new facilities, as the current ones are somewhat limited,

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“We practice “combined horsemanship”, which consists of teaching several disciplines to the student, such as jumping, dressage, crosscountry, etc., so that they can be a complete horseman and, later, choose the discipline that they like most.” although as Tuscan assures, “for the short time that we have been running, we are very happy and delighted to see how our students are doing”. One of their most ambitious projects is “to offer courses of occupational training in the new facilities, as well as of therapeutic equitation.”

Diversity of activities for flawless learning Among the program of activities, there are nature activities, where they organize walks and field competitions, such as gymkhanas, which help students have a good time while they learn, and they develop a greater ability and skills in the handling horses. Thus, they are able to control the

animal in environments different to the arena. They also arrange visits to stud farms and to competitions and fairs related to the equine world, to teach them about the equine related environment.

TECHNICAL DETAILS 1.- location: lepe (huelva). – camino del corchuelo, km. 1.5 2.- property: 5,000 m² 3.- nº horses: 15

PRE Horses, the key tool “We have horses of different breeds and cross-breds, but the ones that work best for us are the PREs, and those which are crosses with this breed because, due to their character and nobility, we find them to be the most suitable for working with beginners”. Also, “we would like all our horses to be Spanish and we will attempt to get this little by little, since we think that it is the ideal breed for schools of equitation”.

ponies. - 3 cross-bred horses. - 10 pre horses. - 2 4.-facilities: boxes: 6 arena: 1 (40 by 20) classroom: 1 dressing and toilets barn reception area 5.- personnel:

The students learn equestrians discipline in their practical classes

equitation sports technicians: 3 instructors: 1 groom: 1 6.- type of teaching: basic equitation specialized equitation (dressage, vaquera, jumping and eventing) 7.- nº students: 120

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ASK THE EXPERT CONFORMATION COMPETITION Javier Bayo

WHY, FORMERLY, DID THE EXPERTS SAY THAT A PRE SHOULD KEEP ITS TAIL WELL CLAMPED IN? Within the overall general conformation of a PRE, I would like to know how important the tail insertion is, in the sense of whether it is inserted higher or lower. Recently, horses tend not to have their tails inserted as low as they did several years ago, why has this changed? Also, when a horse moves correctly, that is to say, when it uses its whole body to move and the energy pass well through the back, the tendency is that the tail tends to move, right?

Conformational Judge

I understand this question at breed level. Within the breed prototype, the tail of the PRE horse is defined as an element to be borne in mind when verifying the purity of the breed. To be correct, the tail starts in a line descending from the croup being inserted low and kept set-in, with abundant wavy hair. Less set-in tails

are the prolongation of horizontal croups, which are not desirable in the PRE, and not considered a breed characteristic. I do not believe that PREs have their tails inserted higher today than in the past. This is demonstrated today by the existent stud farms, in competitions, fairs and sporting

Arrogante XXXIII, owned by Spaniersur and bred by Antonio AndĂşjar Carrasco

Jaime SuĂĄrez

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competitions, where the PRE is on display, and where you can verify, to a high degree, the good correlation in the breed of the croup with the tail. The tail is an expressive part of the horse and it accompanies the paces; it expresses movement, states of happiness and in spiritedness. For this very reason, there is an angle in the PRE in which the tail is detached, in relation to the body.

Experts state that a PRE, according to its breed pattern, should have a tail that is well populated with abundant wavy hairs and that it should be low and sunken between the buttocks. I repeat, the tail is a symbol or a guide to the expression of the horse, in which there is always a greater or lesser degree of mobility, depending on the breed.

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GENETICS Dr. Pedro Javier Azor Ortiz

IS POSSIBLE TO KNOW IF A GREY STALLION OR MARE CAN HAVE NON-GREY DESCENDANTS, OR, ON THE CONTRARY, WILL ALL THEIR DESCENDANTS BE GREY?

Veterinarian Surgeon by the University of Cordoba and Doctored by the University of Sevilla. He works on the ANCCE PRE Selection Scheme in close contact with the PRE Stud Book

Abraham Morcillo

The mutation associated with the color grey has been identified and is, in turn, associated with a greater incidence of the appearance of melanomas The gene that is involved in the appearance of the grey coat is known as Gray or gene G, and presents autosomal dominant inheritance. The dominant and recessive alleles are known respectively as G and g. Each animal presents two alleles for this gene, so that when a horse carries at least the G allele, independent of what the other allele is, it will be grey (GG and Gg). In addition, this gene masks the action of all the other genes in such a way that the G allele prevents the action of the other genes from expressing themselves, such as those that intervene in the colors Bay, Chestnut, Black, etc. and dilutions of these. Therefore, only those animals carrying two gg alleles will not be grey and will therefore be able to express the genetic make-up that they carry on the other genes that intervene in the coat color of the horse. As this is a dominant gene, at least one of the parents must be grey. Therefore all the descendants of a GG grey animal will be grey (although, in certain cases, the grandchildren may be other colors), while non-grey offspring can appear from another grey, which is Gg. The color grey is a uniform color formed, to a greater or lesser extent, by a uniform mixture of white hairs and hairs of another color, generally black, the tips and roots being of equal color. The color known in Spain as Overo (also known in English as

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roan), is characterized by the uniform presence of white and red hairs, has the same base genetics as the color grey. More than 65% of all the horses registered in the PRE Stud Book are of grey. The skin of grey horses is pigmented although, on occasion, a depigmentation takes place in certain areas (mainly the head). It is a color that evolves with age, as the quantity of white hair increases, and by the age of 6 to 8, a horse could be completely white with pigmented skin and mucosa. Differing from white horses, grey foals are born with a colored coat, which changes with time. There is a higher incidence of the appearance of melanomas in grey horses (70-80% of those over 15 years of age) and reduced longevity. The melanomas first appear as nodules in the dermis of the skin under the tail, and in the perineal and genital regions. These primary nodules are benign, but some present metastasis in internal organs. Until recently, you could only predict the genotype of the horse by analyzing its genealogy, so that if a horse is grey and has a parent that is not grey, it would have to have the genotype Gg. Likewise, if the product of two grey horses is not grey, the parents must be Gg. Once the mutation associated with the color grey was identified, those breeders interested in knowing the genotype of their grey horses, to plan coverings, are able to analyze their horses in any laboratory that offers the analysis of this mutation.

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photo: lemos

Up to now, the accidental mutation of the color grey had been assigned to the chromosome 25 (ECA25q), but the exact molecular base that produced the effect was not known. At the end of July this year, the mutation producing the color grey in the horses, which in turn is associated with the appearance of melanomas, was published in the most important magazine in the area of the genetics. The mutation can be found in the gene that codes a protein from the syntaxine family involved in the transport of vesicles. This is why they can influence pigmentation by an alteration in the production or transport of the melanosomes, which are the vesicles that contain the melanin within the melanocytes. The researchers who discovered the mutation analyzed almost 700 grey Lipizzaner horses. These were turning grey at different rates, had differing numbers of flecks, and there was a considerable variation in the incidence of melanomas and presence of de-pigmentation among these grey horses. It was

Nazareno, owned by FermĂn BohĂłrquez Escribano

observed that the grey horses that were homozygous for the mutation became grey quicker and presented a more homogeneous white color at the end of the graying process when compared to the heterozygous grey horses. They also presented a greater incidence of melanomas and de-pigmentation and they were almost never flecked. Among the horses analyzed in the study, they came across grey horses with a genetic base of the color black (mutation in homozygosis of the gene ASIP, aa). Thus, an association analysis could be made between this genotype of the color (aa) and the incidence of appearance of melanomas in which there was found to be a high degree of association. It was not possible to carry out the study of association of the incidence of melanomas and grey horses with a chestnut genetic base (mutation in homozygosis of the gene MC1R, ee), due to the scarce number of horses analyzed with this genotype.

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EQUESTRIAN TRADES

by José A. Fdez. Lineros Photos: Rafael Lemos

Craftsman With Art

The Damas bus line, known locally in Huelva as the “camioneta”*, climbed the hill that leads to Villalba del Alcor with great effort. The hill ended just after having passed before the ﬁrst houses of the town, followed by a closed curve. Right in the middle of that curve and through a small doorway that was always open, I saw Francisco López; was sitting there with the boards between his knees and sewing what must have been a pair of boots. I did not know who he was nor what his name was, but already then, back in the ‘70s, the boots from Villalba were famous throughout the province. From the window of the “van”, I imagined that the person that I saw through the door must be that famous cobbler. Indeed, this was the case; as of 1952, Francisco López Gallant was dedicated to the production of handmade, made to measure riding boots, right there, in that town and on that corner. Some years later, fate dictated that I overheard that my father knew him and upon my insistence, we visited that curve in Villalba, we entered the small door and López said to me: “I will make you the most beautiful boots you have seen in your life.” And they were. It’s best not talk of money. You do not remember the money, when everybody asks about the boots that you are wearing. In 1980, his boy joined the shop, and they moved to Sevilla. More than ﬁfty years have gone by, and Francisco (senior), naturally, only wants to be left alone and at peace...”my children,... my children do everything”, he responds, when I spoke to him by phone and, indeed, his children do do everything, so I spoke with them

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In the country boot greased calfskin is used, and in the riding boot, we use boxcalf, the same raw material is used, but with different tanning process

How many generations of cobblers are the López? At the moment it is the second.

use boxcalf, the same raw material is used, but with different tanning process.

How has the production of boots changed from that small shop in Villalba del Alcor to today?

What is the ideal leather for this type of footwear?

Well, it has practically not changed at all; we are still using the same hand crafted process we have always used.

How can we differentiate good leather from bad or one with a reduced quality?

It is true that the production has not changed at all, but the business has. It is now a modern business, which uses the new technologies to be known throughout the world, with two shops in the capital, Sevilla, and it has enlarged the range of products that are manufactured and sold and among these, you can still find the famous boots from Villalba. Riding boots, logically, have changed over time and have varied along with the necessities of the work. The country boot is a high boot, up to a little above mid-calf, manufactured in two pieces that are joined by a lateral line of stitches to each side of the shin. It is a work boot, with leather that is resistant to dirt and is quick and easy to maintain. It is the footwear that is worn along with the “traje corto” and “pantalon Redondo”*. At first sight, your boots are different to others, but in fact, where is the real difference that makes them unique? It is difficult to summarize a complete production process which is just as handcrafted as the production for made to measure footwear. As this has many variants. Give me “the general idea” as to how they are produced. In the first place, after taking the client’s measurements, we have a standard mold that we adapt to the client’s foot, so that the mold is the same as the foot. Then, according to the measurements, we proceed to produce to cut the calfskin (the quarters). Having cut the leather, it is mounted into the mold, the inner sole is inserted and is sewn to the cut with hemp and cobblers’ wax (a mixture of resin and beeswax) which is subsequently joined to the outer sole and this outer sole is then sewn to the inner sole; then the heel is attached and it is finished-off. With regards to the production process, how does a “country” boot differ from what we commonly call an “English”, or “riding” boot? Basically the production process is the same. The difference is in the materials used, in the country boot greased calfskin is used, and in the riding boot, we

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What we have always used is greased calfskin

Above all, in the texture and the softness. It is very important that it has been tanned well. Are the molds that you use made exclusively for you? In other words, is it your own design that the boot shape will have? Yes, as I explained before, we have our own pattern, which we adapt to each client Over all these years, I have visited the López's workshop many times, only to enjoy myself by looking at the shoes, the leggings, the boots...... all of a special color that I would not know how to describe and which, of course, I have only seen there. Every time that I have been, I have attempted every possible way to find out what treatment the “Master” gives the leather and every time, I have left without being able to pull a single word from his lips on that subject. His sons are no less secretive; in addition to learning the trade, they have learned how to keep the secret and when I ask them.... Indeed this is a professional secret, accumulated over the years, but it must be said that work carried out with love and dedication always comes out well. How long does it take to make a pair of boots, completely by hand? One pair, well, about five days. When it comes to care for shoes, everybody has their own ideas, but, really, how can we keep our boots in perfect condition? How should they be cleaned, and what should we do to keep the leather flexible and looking good? We continue to do what we’ve always done, clean them with natural lemon and cream to nourish the leather. With good maintenance, how long can they last? It depends on what you use them for, and on how much you care for them, I could mention that we have clients who have had our boots for 20 years or more. The growth of doma vaquera in the last third of the 20th century has led to both boots and other, older footwear, such as shoes with leggings, becoming much more popular. When competing in this equestrian discipline, the rider must dress according to Andalusian traditional riding style, and the undoubted beauty of

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these suits has attracted most enthusiasts, who have adopted it as a uniform when attending fairs and pilgrimages that are so plentiful in this part of Spain. Everything has its good and its bad side of the story. The positive aspect is that Andalusian traditions are evermore popular, and they generate employment; the negative side is the distortion of what is authentic, due to the lack of a deep understanding. Mass production of all this type of footwear, using poor quality materials to reduce costs and without the least care to the details that give it its personality, has, as a result, produced a product that, sometimes, is hard to recognize, as its simulates the original. Fortunately, they are still some craftsmen like López, peppered throughout a few towns of Andalusia, who take pains, every day, in making something worthy of admiration.

The same leather is used for boots and leggings, but for the leggings it is given a special treatment to make it more rigid

The leggings, the real ones, are they embroidered with leather or with thread? We embroider them, with no distinction, with leather or with hemp thread. Is the leather used to produce the leggings the same as what is used to make boots, shoes or ankle boots, or must it have some different characteristics? It is same, but for the leggings it is given a special treatment to make it more rigid. Boots are to the Andalusian-style trousers as leggings are to breeches with decorative pantlinks, these latter are much older and what are usually used in the Doma Vaquera competitions, as well as at fairs or urban celebrations, while the former must be used in the countryside or for work. What type of footwear do you make, in addition to boots? Shoes for the countryside and for the town For which famous or well-known people have you worked? We have some famous and well-known clients, perhaps the most important would be His Majesty, the King Thank you so much, to two generations of López for being so kind and patient with me. Above all, thank you for continuing to exceed the limit of true handcrafts and for making cobblers work an art of its own. As with all quality works of art, nobody is left unmoved. * Camioneta translates is a small truck, halfway between a van and a pickup. Back in the 50’s, when public transportation was set up in Huelva, the people always used “camioneta” to identify the buses that travel from Huelva to other towns and cities. Perhaps this word usage refers to the size and type of vehicle used originally. * Traje Corto and Pantalón redonde are typical Andalusian style country clothing, worn white shirt, short jacket and grey pinstriped trousers with cuffs, usually short and worn with riding boots.

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ANUNCIO

TIRADO

ANCCE REPORTS CAR ANCCE, PERFORMS AT THE VENDIMIA FESTIVAL IN JEREZ Jerez de la Frontera (Cadiz) hosted the 1st Equestrian Encounter, coinciding with the Vendimia Festival (Grape Harvest Festival) on Sunday, the 21st September, at the González Hontoria Park at 11 am. Important equestrian institutions participated, including the ANCCE High-per formance Center, the Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art, Yeguada Hierro del Bocada, the Military Stud Farm and a number of riding schools such as the Municipal Riding School, the Jerez Equestrian Center, El Juncal and the Nazaret Club. CAR-ANCCE offered an exhibition show with three horses-riders: Emilio Ordoñez rode Bilbaino, owned by Yeguada Mar Menor, Juan Moya with Escudo, owned by the A. Torres Stud farm and Abel Salguero rode Sueco, owned by Quinta Rizoed Azinipo. Once again, the CAR-ANCCE High Performance Center, located in the Chapín, Equestrian Sport Complex and the PRE Horses participated in an equestrian day that was full of activities that were ideal in promoting the High-performance Center, while at the same time demonstrating the qualities of PRE and showing that the center has a group of horses and riders, which are currently competing at the top level. It was open the citizens who enjoyed experience in of horses.

house for of Jerez first-hand the world

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photo: vasco

Soleá owned by Agrícola Peralta at CAR ANCCE facilities

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ANCCE OPENS A PRE-ANCCE STUD BOOK BRANCH OFFICE IN THE US In their continual commitment with breeders in the US to provide quality and timely services, ANCCE has opened a branch ofﬁce. Since February of this year, the LGPRE-ANCCE stud book ofﬁce has issued 137 new breeder codes in the US, has organized two clinics, backed three competitions and through USPRE has undertaken four registration and evaluation trips to provide services to more than two thousand horses. The new ANCCE Stud Book office is based in Miami, Florida and will be directed by the veterinarian, Ms. Ana Gragera and assisted by Ms. Maravillas Pérez Cela. Therefore, any service requested from now on must be directed to this office, which will be available to resolve any queries that might arise with regards to services. We are sure that the US breeders will see the benefits of being able to have any of their queries answered during normal office hours, and of having a veterinarian available at all times. This vet is authorized to carry out evaluations, and will provide rapid responses to the queries from any point in the US. US breeders will benefit from having their queries answered during normal office hours, and of having a veterinarian available at all times. This vet is authorized to carry out evaluations, and will provide rapid responses to the queries from any point in the US.

efficiency and under the same conditions as those that are carried out for the breeders in Spain. Therefore, all queries and new requests for service after the inauguration of the office should be sent to the veterinarian Ana Gragera. Her address at the ANCCE branch office is: Key Colony I 201 Crandon Boulevard (Suite 604) Key Biscayne, FL 33149 Phone: 786 264 1108 Fax: 786 999 8617 Email: usa@lgancce.com For further information, please consult the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book web site at: www.lgancce. com

This office will operate in direct contact with the main LG PRE ANCCE office. We can therefore offer full guarantees that all the processes will be handled with the same

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Cobras owned by Miguel Ángel Cárdenas at the 2007 SICAB Show

18TH EDITION OF SICAB It is that time of year, when the preparations are in full swing so that by mid November, everything is ready for SICAB, the best showcase for PRE Horses in the world. This year, the Fair will be from the 25th to 30th of November. This year, Mexico is the guest country, and will be this very much present throughout the event with a large representation of Mexican breeders and institutional authorities. Moreover, there will be a stand where visitors will be savor typical Mexican products flanked with five days of with regional dances.

other fair dedicated to a single breed bring together so many horses.

SICAB is an event dedicated exclusively to PRE Horses, and to such an extent that it has become the greatest expression of single-breed fairs held in the world. No

For more information about hotels, registrations, election of judges, etc visit the official SICAB web-site at www.sicab.org

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This year, as always, we will strive to exceed last year’s statistics in terms of the participating stud farms, of horses and participants, thus making of SICAB a world class reference on the International Equestrian calendar, where the PRE is the one and only protagonist.

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Fer Brillantina, Adult Champion of Movement at the Avila Competition. Owned by Yeguada San Fernando La Macarena and bred by Yeguada Ferrero photo: marĂ?a sĂ ez

DRAFT OF THE NEW RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR CONFORMATIONAL COMPETITIONS HAS BEEN APPROVED This draft will be sent to all members so that you can review it In response to the changes within the PRE horse world, and in keeping with the opinions of most breeders who work daily in improving the breed, a number of innovative aspects have been introduced; these include rules for disciplinary measures, the elimination of the total for the Best Stud Farm and Best Exhibitor Awards at Conformational-

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functional competitions in the sections for yearlings, as well as the introduction of standardized competitions. This draft will be sent to all members so that you can review it and return it with those suggestions you consider essential. You can review it by going to the ANCCE web site (www. ancce.com) in the section NEWS.

This past Friday, October 3, the ANCCE Board approved the draft of the new Conformation-Functional Competition Rules and Regulations. The objective is to work towards improving the breed and generate new opportunities for development, thus moving forward with the continued and integrated transformation of the sector.

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ANCCE PARTICIPATED AT THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CARRIAGE DRIVING SHOW (SIAT) The 2nd International Carriage Driving Show was held from the 25th to 28th of September, at the Gran Hipódromo de Andalucía (Race Course), in Dos Hermanas (Sevilla). Due to the importance of the event, ANCCE wanted to be present with its own exhibition areas to promote the PRE horse. One stand was used solely to inform people about the PRE as a breed, ANCCE and SICAB while the other was used as a meeting place for visiting members, and to honor them with a glass of wine on the 26th and 27th while enjoying each others company. ANCCE wanted to be on hand for this carriage driving event as it is a competitive discipline that is very much linked to the PRE. There are a number of PRE stud farms directly related to the driving world, especially Hacienda María and Yeguada Díaz Solís.

Felipe Llorente Orazábal during the Marathon

The main objective behind the event was to show enthusiasts, professionals, experts and the general public about the riches of the carriage driving world as well as the commercial, tourist and breeding activities it generates. However, the rainstorms on Saturday and Sunday had a negative impact on the event, both in terms of on attendance and on the competitions scheduled. The Tradition and Fair competitions could not be held, as the adverse weather conditions could have seriously damaged the more than one hundred carriages participating in SIAT.

Authorities along with the Secretary of ANCCE, José Díaz Solís, at the ANCCE stand

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SELECTION SCHEME: THIRD GENETIC EVALUATION OF HORSES FOR DRESSAGE The results of the third genetic evaluation for horses participating in Dressage (Young Horse Circuit) are now available for the years 2005, 2006 and 2007. By the end of the year, the results of the genetic evaluations of those horses, including those that have participated in 2008 in Dressage and in conformational controls (Lineal Conformational Evaluation) will be published. Within the framework of the Selection Scheme for PRE Horses, there are three categories for breeding stock, once these have been genetically evaluated: Young Recommended Breeding Sires, Improver Sires and Elite Breeding Sires, all of which are for Dressage, for Conformation and for riding. Young Recommended Breeding Sires (YRBS): Horses under the age of seven, that have been genetically evaluated, and that have obtained a genetic index above the average of the general equine population. In the case of YRBS for Dressage, horses must also obtained “good,” “very good” or “excellent” in the Selection Tests for Young Horses. These horses are recommended for use as breeding sires to: Have a group of sires, young horses that have been tested for their own merits in sports, and those of their collaterals and ancestors, which involves reducing the generational intervals, and consequently, greater genetic progress of the bred. Stimulate the breeding of these Young Recommended Breeding Sires to be able to perform genetic evaluation of the descendents with guarantees to apply for the category of Improver Sires and/or Elite Breeding Sires. Improver Breeding Sires: Breeding stock seven years old or above, that have undergone genetic evaluation (in Dressage or in conformation or in riding), and have obtained a genetic index above the average of the general equine population, or greater than 60%. As a result of this third genetic evaluation performed by the University of Cordoba Genetics Department, seventy horses have obtained the category of YOUNG RECOMMENDED BREEDING SIRES for Dressage and thus will appear in the Catalogue for Young Recommended Breeding Sires that will be published by ANCCE in due course. Should you wish to consult the list of Young Recommended Breeding Sires, go to the ANCCE web site at www.ancce.com.

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Cabriola, owned and bred by Yeguada La Llana

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Publicity - Report

ANCCE – MAPFRE AGREEMENT What is the agreement that ANCCE

and

MAPFRE

have

signed? ANCCE

and

MAPFRE

with

the

collaboration of the Insurance Brokers MORERO & VALLEJO, have reached an agreement which could benefit all the breeders who are members of ANCCE, so they can contract the basic product MAPFRE offers for horses. The agreement means that breeders can contract a collective policy for coverage, with important discounts. What must an ANCCE breeder member do, should they wish to insure their stud farm?

The person interested can request information, quotes, obtain the documentation and carry out the necessary transactions by phoning ANCCE; contacting Insurance Brokers MORERO & VALLEJO, at 902400492, where they should contact: Maite Iglesias and Fátima López or directly with MAPFRE, on telephone number: 954289143. For the actual contract, you must supply the documentation of all horses (passport) and veterinary certificate. Note: Should they consider it necessary, MAPFRE will carry out a veterinary inspection of the stud farm, at no cost to the client. More information is provided on the web-site: www.ancce.com

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Frequent Questions At what age can horses be insured? MAPFRE insures horses starting from six months old. According to their proposed use, the maximum age limits are: Horses for hacking: up to 20 years old. Dressage horses and sire stallions: up to 18 years old. Broodmares: up to 15 years old. What is the maximum limit for insurance coverage? Three models have been designed for those stud farms signing the agreement, based on the type of animal: A: Colts - € 6.000 / Mares - € 18.000 / Stallions - € 30.000 B: Colts - € 6.000 / Mares - €12.000 / Stallions -€ 20.000 C: Colts - € 3.000 / Mares - € 6.000 / Stallions - € 10.000 Could the value of horse change while the policy is in force? Yes. As of 14 years old, the value of the animal will decrease annually by 15%. Does the insurance remain in force if the horse travels abroad? Generally, the insurance policy offers coverage within Spain. Only in exceptional cases will the coverage be extended to travel within the European Union. What must the policy holder do if he/she needs to make use of any of the contracted covers? Generally, you must urgently contact the 24-hour veterinary surgeon hotline. They will come to see the horse. In an emergency, the horse’s usual veterinarian may be advised, advising the company of this when the accident is reported. If the horse has died, it must not be destroyed until it has been seen by the MAPFRE veterinary surgeon.

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SUMMARY OF COVERAGE Basic Coverage Covers the death or sacrifice of the horse due to an accident, or for non-epizootics diseases (such as epidemics in humans). Death or necessary sacrifice as a consequence of colic. Said coverage is extended to include attendance at fairs, competitions or exhibitions. In policies for broodmares, their foals of under 6 months are also covered. GENERAL INFORMATION FOR MEMBERS: MAPFRE Horse Insurance An innovative product seeking the best veterinary care MAPFRE Horse Insurance–created in 1992—is a specific and novel product and the coverage, to date, is exclusive on the market. The ample network of specialized professionals and officially approved veterinary hospitals available to the company, backs a product designed to offer owners freedom from anxiety. Who is product designed for? It is a product designed to insure horses that are used privately or hired out, destined for leisure and hacking activities, competitive activities (dressage, doma vaquera, endurance, vaulting, polo, races - galloping or de trotters, etc.), or to breeding (top range horses). Ample range of cover MAPFRE Horse Insurance provides basic coverage that guarantees the value of the horse in case of death or sacrifice as a consequence of an accident, disease or colic, with a compensation limit of 100% of the value of the horse, including those occasions in which the horse attends fairs, competitions or exhibitions. The policy also covers foals of under 6 months, when included in the insurance of their dams at no additional cost. In this case, the only requirement is that the insured mare must be a PRE or a breed included in the Official Stud Book of that breed. The policy also has offers important optional guarantees, such as the new VETERINARY CARE coverage, which includes suitable treatment should the horse undergo colic surgery, need hospitalization for respiratory problems, and the guarantee of treatment for orthopaedic problems. Additional coverage can be contracted include loss of use for breeding, in mares, African Horse Sickness, removal of corpses, embryo re-absorption, abortion and distocic foaling.

GENERAL INTEREST INFORMATION DETAILS OF INTEREST ABOUT COLIC One of the greatest problems for horse owners is to correctly identify the signs and symptoms of colic. These differ from horse to horse, depending on the severity of the pain and the seriousness of the case.

On the other hand, here are some aspects of horse management that can lead to colic: -Sudden changes in diet.

Some of the most common symptoms are:

-Increase in the amount of concentrates fed, grasses that are high in protein and feeds that are in poor condition.

-Turning the head towards the flanks.

-Drinking very cold water.

-Pawing the ground. -Kicking or biting the abdomen.

-Vices such as crib biting (biting the walls and doors of the stable) and/or wind sucking.

-Turning violently.

-Presence of parasites.

-Falling onto the shoulder.

-Pressure of other viscera on the intestines.

-Loss of appetite.

Should there be symptoms that the animal is suffering from colic, it is recommended that you should withdraw food and water, urgently call the veterinarian and make the horse walk, if it is violent. Most colics respond well to medical treatment and when surgical intervention is required, it is essential that this is detected as soon as possible, to resolve it in the operating room. It is fundamental to diagnose colic in time, following the appearance of the first symptoms, to adopt the necessary measures.

-Placing the head on the water, without drinking. -Increase in respiration and/or widening the nostrils. -Cold limbs. -Depression. -Problems of intestinal movement. -Increased pulse rate per minute. -Lying down and getting up repeatedly, or trying to do so.

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PERFILES

by Luis Rivero Merry Photos: Mar铆a G贸mez

JUAN ROBLES MARCHENA

The main thing about the PRE is their character and will-to-work. They have a lot of heart, although we must select more functional horses

Juan Robles receiving a plaque at SIAT 2008

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BIOGRAPHY OF A CHAMPION

is sometimes difficult to describe the human, physical and moral qualities of a person in a short article. I was asked to do this for Juan Robles and was delighted to accept… for several reasons. Firstly, because he knows how dear he is to me, and secondly, because he has made it very easy for me, as his life has been exemplary right from the start; deeds by the force of good will, dedication and the over-riding desire to seriously fulfill his obligations and literally following everything that, when he started, his instructor indicated, until he completed his apprenticeship and ended up becoming a professional who, growing in his position, has reached the extremes of mastery that few others have achieved.

He is a man from the Andalusian countryside, with all the related values of quality, transmitted from father to son: the capacity for work, honesty and humbleness. He was born in Trebujena in 1949, to a humble family that had all the abovementioned qualities. He started working when very young, helping his father, a workman on the “Casarejo” property, owned by Pedro Domecq de la Riva. He was a sporadic addition to the workforce that Domecq de la Riva had in his stables in Jerez, when there was extra work due to the Fair or exhibitions. The principal carriage driver and head man was, at that time, Pepe Mata, Master of Masters… and this has never been a more deserved title, who welcomed the young, fifteen-year-old apprentice,

The competition that delighted me most was the first Spanish Championships in 1983

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faithful to the friendship with his father, like one more son, letting him stay in his home. The story goes that on the same day that he started work under the orders of Pepe, María Ángel Mata was born. She, today, is the head of the Carriage Driving classes at the Royal School of Equestrian Art of Jeréz. From that time comes the fraternal friendship that links them. Time went by, and the boy was continuously advancing in his apprenticeship, despite not being a permanent member of the stables’ workforce, until the position of second carriage driver became free, as his workmate, Antonio Carrasco, who had held this, went on to become the first carriage driver for a house in Cordoba. Juan took over this job, permanently, and thus consolidated his occupation, increasing the times when he occupied the box seat, and had the reins in his hands. For several more years he continued, with his Master, to drive PRE stallions and mares with the Pedro Domecq de la Riva brand, whose names he remembers: Bahari, Abejo, Coronel, Destinado, Careta, Irlandesa, Abeja, Espartera …Until the time came that he rose to the position that he had always wanted, first carriage driver and head man, and this happened in 1975, when he moved to the property “Dehesa Espínola”, owned by Blanca Domecq Zurita, a PRE Horse breeder. It was at that time that Competition Carriage Driving Competitions started in Spain, the first of these taking place in Cordoba and subsequently, in 1979, in Sevilla. In 1982 they were held in Jerez and Juan participated in his first competition with Domecq Zurita’s carriage. He remembers that Antonio Sanchez Bedoya commented that he had qualities and it was this that encouraged him to continue. How right he was! The two following years he won the Spanish Championships, in 1983, in Madrid and in 1984, in Jerez. The horses used were Gaditano, Esclavo, Gringo and Goloso. In 1987 he competed at his first international competition, at Windsor, where the English saw an Andalusian harness for the first time. This occasion merited a comment by Karl Iseli, editor of the Swiss magazine, “In memoriam Achembach”, which specialized in carriage driving: “The star of Windsor ‘87 was undoubtedly Spaniard Juan Robles, from the South of Spain. His dressage test was of good quality and demonstrated the qualities of the Purebred Andalusian Horses”. Another anecdote from this competition was that he took an old training carriage on the field test (Marathon), when all the other

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participants already had iron carriages that were suited for it. The great Master, Velstra, commented to him that he would do very well to complete the test with that “thing”… and he completed it. The horses he used were Bembezar, Islero, Iguazú and Goloso. The following year, in 1988, he changed jobs, and started working in the 7th Stud Farm for Sire Stallion in Cordoba, where he remains today, and from where he has had his maximum international projection competing in competitions in almost all the countries of Europe: France, England, Germany, Portugal, Holland where he has competed in two World Championships, in one of these as the only Spaniard, as the two other members of the team retired, and another World Championships in Hungary, always driving PRE Horses with a Military Stud Farm brand, such as Felico, Hecho, Fementido, Jecido, Lequeo, Sesqui, Otelo V, Obcecado, Tensor, Recluta, Velero, Zelter, Negus and Cefir, in addition to Torrente, with a Lovera brand, and Apetecido, owned by Fernandez Daza and several more that in addition to fulfilling their function as sire stallions for the State Equine Breeding (Cría Caballar) Services, made the breed known throughout the world. He remembers Gaditano, owned by Domecq Zurita, as the best horse that he has had in his hands, and his ideal team was Gaditano and Lesqui as leaders and Felico and Torrente as wheelers. This really is the story, very abbreviated, of a Champion… Champion at work, in his ability and mastery and his great humanity, which it is depicted in his statement that he considers the most gratifying thing of everything that he has done is the appreciation of his companions, of whom he especially remembers the Swiss, Daniel Wugle, for his sympathy and the Australian, Boyd Exell, World Championship Bronze medal, with whom he competed in the Indoor World Championship in Vigo. All this has made him worthy of several tributes, of which he remembers with special affection when he was awarded the “Racimo de Oro” by his home town, Trebujena, a wine growing area par excellence. It is all well deserved! Absolutely! NATIONAL MEDAL FOR MERIT IN SPORTS.

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I like to pass on what I know to all my students and, also, I try to demand the same from them as I demand of myself

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I have always competed with PREs and I believe that they have the capabilities to be at the top level

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Interview with Mr. Juan Robles Juan, what other qualities must you have, besides perseverance and work, to be a great driver?

Participating in the cones section in the Spanish National Championships held at Montenmedio

To be really keen, to be humble and want to learn every day from the many people who can always offer something new. This year, having achieved a number of major successes, you qualified for the World Championships held in Holland. Could you summarize how you did in this last competition and in general, how the PRE did? The horses responded satisfactorily, given the level of difficulties at the competition and the weather conditions. For me, personally, it did not go as I wanted, since there was a communication problem with the organizing committee about a change of the route in section A. Due to this, I reached the end of this section having lost a great deal of time, and was eliminated. Despite this, the rest of the competition went well. What has been, in your life, the competition that you were most delighted to have won? The first Spanish Championships in 1983 Why? Because it was the top competition in Spain. I did not expect to win, as I had been competing for such a short time. And the horse or the horses that you best remember? Apetecido, Fementido, Yecido and Leski owned by the Servicio de CrĂa Caballar y Remonta (Military Stud Farm), Gaditano and Esclavo, owned by Blanca Domecq. Is there an age limit at which a driver must to stop? Although the years fail to pass by unnoticed, and your reflexes are not the same, you can compete until an advanced age, replacing what youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve lost for the experience that you have gained year after year in the competition world. Do you like teaching? Do you feel fulfilled when you pass on your knowledge to other people? Yes, I like to pass on what I know to all my students and, also, I try to demand the same from them as I demand of myself. When training a horse to be ridden or for driving, what do you believe is the fundamental difference, if there is one? I believe that there is little or none. A horse must be trained and ridden before aiming for the discipline to which it is best suited. Tell us the basic pillars on which you base the training of your horses The first and most fundamental are not to be in a hurry, and to work daily and methodically. Each horse needs to be worked differently. It is important to bear this in mind. A rider or driver must know how to get the maximum from the horse and that you cannot work in the same way with all of them. At the end of the day a horse should always be happy, not be excessive tired and not have had bad experiences. You have achieved something that very few athletes achieve, the Gold Medal from the High Commission for Sports, an award is very important within the sector internationally. What has this award meant to you? Well for me, as an athlete, it is one of the best awards and recognitions that you could receive.

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The first and foremost is not to be in a hurry, and to work daily and methodically. A rider or driver must know how to get the maximum from the horse

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At the time of the award ceremony at the High commission for Sports and when I found myself surrounded by so many great athletes, I realized its true importance. Is it true that one of your dreams is to be World Champion? Yes, of course. For any athele, the most important thing is to win at the Olympics or, in this case, the World Championships.

Above all, the collected movements; their hind-ends need to be improved, above all, their hocks, so as to give more push forwards, achieving a longer stride. Is the PRE at its best moment in the world of driving, or is there still a lot of road left to travel to reach the level of other breeds that are specialists in this discipline? No, there is a lot to do. More PRE horses with character and good hind quarters must be found. It is difficult to

If at some time this should happen, and we hope it will, would you be particularly delighted if you should manage this with PRE Horses?

get them to be a specialist in Competition Carriage

Yes, I have always competed with them and I believe that they have the capabilities to be at the top level.

level.

What fundamental differences do you find between the PRE and horses of another breed, for this discipline?

would make to breeders with PREs, who are interested

The main thing about the PRE is their character and will-to-work. They have a lot of heart, although we must select more functional horses. The Central European horses have much more difficult characters, they need a slower training and, when they find themselves in trouble, they react differently, although their physical conditions are better for competing. What qualities of the PRE would you highlight for driving and what would you improve?

Driving, because their conformation does not permit this, but yes enough horses could be got to a highRecommendations that a Master such as yourself in driving. That they look for more functionality and more heart, even though this may be contrary to the breed standard. You must look for more athletic horses. Congratulations for your professional success and for the successes that you have achieved this year.

By INMACULADA RODRĂ?GUEZ

Juan Robles participating with a four-in-hand at Saumur 2008

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PRE history

by Juan Carlos Atamirano

ORIGIN OF THE MILITARY FARM FOR STALLIONS IN JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA Excerpt from Section 4 of Chapter 2 of the book “The Military Stud Farm” (At print)

As of 1870, the number of governmentowned stallions was drastically reduced, as well as the Covering Centers (known as Paradas). That year, only 3,038 mares were covered of the 4,007 presented, due to a lack of stallions. The number continued diminishing until there were only 45 sire stallions in 1875. Due to this situation, King Alphonse XII, through Royal Decree dated the 25th of November of that year, decided to reestablish the Military UnderOffice for Equine Purchases (Subdirección de Remonta), which would be responsible before the General Cavalry Office (Dirección General de Caballería). He also ordered that two new Instruction and Training Centers were to be founded and that the six existent Stud Farms for Stallion in Spain were to be reduced to four, with one hundred sire stallions in each one. To cover the expenses of the facilities, he authorized a transfer of the capital from Equine Accounts, for 573,150 pesetas. The first of these was established in Jerez de la Frontera ; the second in la Rambla (Cordoba); the third in Baeza (Jaén); and the forth was located in Valladolid, from where, in 1885, a Section, which was of Percheron stallions, moved to Zaragoza.

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Regio Pavillion in 1935

In 1850, the Provincial Department of Agriculture and, subsequently, in 1872, the General Director of Cavalry, wanted to establish a farm for stallions in the town and that the provincial lawmakers, the City Council and the Board of Breeders all proposed that the most appropriate building was, in fact, the Carthusian Monastery

has been pointed out, King Alphonse XII ordered the establishment of a farm for stallions in Jerez de la Frontera. This, following negotiations carried out by the City Council, it was decided to house the project in the Monastery of Nuestra Se帽ora de la Defensi贸n, better known popularly as la Cartuja (Carthusian Monastery), which, after the monks abandoned the building in 1836, had been used as a jail. Subsequently, under the Mayo first law of Church confiscation in 1855, this building fell under the responsibility of the Subordinate Administration of Estates and State Rights (Administraci贸n Subalterna de Propiedades y Derechos del Estado). Two years later, on the 24th of August, it was ceded to the Cadiz Commission of Historical and Artistic Monuments. In 1875, due to the limited use of the building and the fact that it had been completely abandoned, the

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State had decided to auction it publicly. Informed of this decision, Manuel Bertemati, Mayor of Jerez de la Frontera, by means of the Vice-president of the Cadiz Commission of Artistic Monuments, ordered Francisco de As铆s Latita y Blanco, Secretary of the City Council, to open a file in the Development Section to apply for social, political and cultural support, to avoid the auctioning of the Monastery. The first measure taken was to inform the Dean of the Royal Academy of History about the situation. On the 27th of June, he persuaded the members to send a report to the Vicepresident of the Commission of Artistic Monuments. In this document, they recommended that the building be used for some of the projects that had been presented, such as a school farm, a psychiatric hospital or any other public use to avoid the auction. They supported this decision, stating that use (of the building) would favor the conservation of the most important parts of the building from the architectural

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The first stallions arrived at the Monastery on the 20th of May 1876. They were, provisionally, stabled in some old stables that had been used for the Covering Center

Stables at the Cartuja Stallion Farm in 1899

point of view. In addition, they urged that should it be sold, that the purchaser be required to restore, at least, the small cloister that, along with the entrance to the Church, was the least deteriorated part of the building, which could recover its original splendor with limited investment. Once informed of the situation, the Jerez Commission of Statistics and Archives confirmed that the problem could be resolved without selling the property. Remember that, in 1850, the Provincial Department of Agriculture and, subsequently, in 1872, the General Director of Cavalry, wanted to establish a farm for stallions in the town and that the provincial lawmakers, the City Council and the Board of Breeders all proposed that the most appropriate building was, in fact, the Carthusian Monastery. The report finished by recommending that, in addition to establishing the farm for stallions, it could also be used as a School Farm or Practical School of Agriculture. The project did not materialize due to the political circumstances of the time, following the end of six years of democratic government. (A period that ran from the exile of Queen Isabella II in 1868 to the coming of the First Republic on the 11th of February 1873, after King Amadeus Fernando María de Saboya (1870-1873) fled the country). This Republic lasted until the 29th of December, 1874, with the pronouncement of General

Martínez Campos, which led the way to the restoration of the Bourbons in Spain). The Mayor, based on this report, and to avoid the building passing into private hands, decided to approve the establishment of the farm for stallion, thinking that with the thirty thousand pesetas that the Cadiz Provincial Government would supply, the restoration work could be carried out. To gain full support of the City Council, he argued that the stud farm in Sevilla, known then as the Farm for Sire Stallions from Jerez de la Frontera (Depósito de Caballos Sementales de Jerez de la Frontera), should be transferred to the city of Jerez, as the location failed to respond to the objectives intended by the government when it was established. Likewise, it failed to provide “the breeders of the province with the advantages of covering their mares with quality horses.” The proposal was unanimously approved at the City Council meeting held on the 25th of August 1875. Along with the opposition to the sale of the building, the Municipal Secretary sent a letter to the President of the Commission of Artistic Monuments. The City Council, to reinforce its proposal to avoid the auctioning of the building, reminded him, in the same letter, that the Monastery had been declared a National Monument on the 31st of July 1856. The City Council also counted on the support of the Cadiz Academy of Fine Arts, which sent another letter to the Government,

Regio Pavillion

The Ministry of Defence, temporarily recovered their use to create a new Training Center for the selection of breeding stock, within the 20,275 square meters of the grounds. This installation allowed the monks to return to the Monastery. That same year, that unit of sire stallions, still located in the La Cartuja Monastery, changed its name to the 2nd Sire Stallion Farm. informing that at the meeting of the Academy Governing Body, held on the 4th of September, they had agreed to express their opposition to the auction of the Monastery before Minister of Development. The Jerez City Council, having reached these decisions, requested the Civil Governor of Cadiz and the Provincial Economic Director to suspend the auction that was to take place on the 27th of September. But, on the 19th of September, seven days before the actual auction, the Main Commission for Sales of the Province replied to the City Council, informing them that, according to what was laid down in the Royal Decree of the 12th of June 1859, and reminding them of the newsletter sent from the General Administration of Estates and State Rights dated the 22nd of October 1866, the auction of the property would not be suspended as this had been “agreed in contravention of the current laws”. The Cadiz Provincial Econmic Director informed the Mayor of Jerez de la Frontera of the decision, who recommended that he approach the government, as a last resort, to hinder the sale. The proposal was successful because.

farm for stallions, to check whether a stud farm, with the capacity for a hundred horses and a hundred and eight people, could be installed immediately in the Carthusian Monastery. On the other hand, the Mayor urged the municipal architect, José Estévez, in agreement with the Captain, to budget the necessary works, so that they could be concluded in January 1876. Once the survey had been carried out, a budget was produced, the costs for which reached 51,592.72 pesetas, but that would later increase to 126,481.90 pesetas. Although only 124,335.90 had to be paid, because the City Council had collected materials in the Monastery worth 2,146 pesetas, directly from the Pajarete Barracks. However, once construction had begun, conflicts arose in terms of who would have to finance it all, because the City Council thought that it should be the Provincial Government, while Provincial Government thought it should be the City Council. Therefore, the mayor requested that José López de Carrizosa y Pavía, Marquis del Merito, should intercede in favor of the Corporation.

The Mayor informed the General Office of Cavalry, the Third Section, about the State decision, who in turn responded that he would order the Chief of the Stud Farm for Stallions in Sevilla to get Álvaro González de la Peña, Captain and attaché to the “Jerez de la Frontera”

On the 30th of December, the City Council made it public that the auction for the acquisition of the materials necessary for the construction of the stud farm would take place on the 4th of January 1876, at one in the afternoon, before the Commission of Public

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Outdoor arena

Works and Rural Police. The Purchasing Commission was made up of José Santoni y Virnes, Deputy Mayor and President of the Construction Commission, and Councilman, Francisco Argudo y Guijarro, who counted on the advice of the architect and of the Municipal Secretary. The sale was awarded to Juan Piñero y Salas. The first stallions arrived at the Monastery on the 20th of May 1876. They were, provisionally, stabled in some old stables that had been used for the Covering Center. Five years later, once the farm for sire stallions had been built, there were one hundred sire stallions, most of them PRE Horses; of those, three were private donations, sixty-two had been acquired by the State from various breeders and thirty-five they had been selected from the horse breeding unit.* That year, only ninety-four stallions covered in the farm for sire stallions, because they were loaned to various breeders, following the Royal Decree dated of the 8th of October 1879, at the request of the Horse Breeding Office . In the provinces of Cadiz and Sevilla—with 24,324 mares—2,500 were covered that year by the stallions from the farm for sire stallion and 11,825 by those of private individuals, from which 7,880 foals were born. The 9,999 remaining mares were not covered because the covering system at that time was “every other year”.

These facilities, from where breeder needs in the provinces of Sevilla and Cadiz were attended, stabled the state-owned sire stallion belonging at that time to the 2nd Livestock Area. And so it was until after the Spanish Civil War, when a small group of people from Jerez asked the Prior of the Order to see the possibilities of the monks returning. The request was presented before the Ministry of National Education by Friar Agustín María Hospital, Prior of the Cartuja de Miraflores in Burgos, on behalf of and in representation of the Order. The application to install the community in the Monastery was based on the fact that the government had ceded other buildings to various Orders. Prior to this, the government, along with the Jerez City Council, so that the monks could return, had decided to transfer the farm for sire stallions to some land and property belonging to the Ministry of Defence, at Pago de Lárgalo, used by the Jockey Club. The grounds were partly walled off by the existent buildings and the rest of the perimeter had a wire fence. Among other facilities there was an arena and some fences, bordering with the Waiting Lane and the Livestock Exhibition grounds. Also, there was another, English-style, one storey, slate-roofed building, which today is the Main Pavilion, designed by the architect Hernández Rubio in 1905 at the request of the Jockey Club. It is a building, with a strong English style, which

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Main Door

The official transfer of the grounds, the current location of the stud farm for sire stallions, from the City Council to the War Ministry, Inspection of Equine Breeding, took place on the 7th of June 1941 consists of two lateral constructions joined by a central nave, in which you can see Arab arches, the lintels of the arches, the use of brickwork and the floral crests of iron in the angles of the roof . Inside, with sober and elegantly decoration, it is usually used for official receptions, meetings and conferences. The enclosure—also used as a Covering Center for two decades—as ceded by the War Ministry to the City Council on the 28th of March 1927. The agreement included the army’s right to use the facilities when they deemed necessary; it was signed on the 5th of January 1928 in the office of Federico de Isasi y Dávila, Mayor of the town. The contract was signed by the Mayor and on behalf of the Ministry, by Colonel Luciano Paz Tejada, Inspector of the 2nd Livestock Area, Miguel Márquez Soler, Captain of the Cadiz detachment, Ángel Bonilla, paymaster of the Military Stud Farm and the Quartermaster Captain Manuel Jiménez Myr. The Ministry of Defence, upon approval by the Jerez City Council to transfer the facilities on the 13th of June, 1940, temporarily recovered their use to create a new Training Center for the selection of breeding stock, within the 20,275 square meters of the grounds.

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This installation allowed the monks to return to the Monastery. That same year, that unit of sire stallions, still located in the La Cartuja Monastery, changed its name to the 2nd Sire Stallion Farm. The following year, on the 16th of April, Ibáñez Martin, General Director of Fine Arts, after several meetings between members of the government and the Carthusian Order, informed Friar Agustín the approval to grant the religious community use of the Monastery. The official transfer of the grounds, the current location of the stud farm for sire stallions (Depósito de Sementales), from the City Council to the War Ministry, Inspection of Equine Breeding, took place on the 7th of June 1941. Representing the City Council at the ceremony was José de Mora Figueroa y Gómez Imár, Mayor of the city, and representing the Ministry, was the Commander of Logistics, Juan Solano Álvarez. The transfer took place based on the conditions agreed to at the extraordinary session of the City Council, held on the 30th of November 1940. * Translator’s note: known by most as Cria Caballar

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FROM THE ARCHIVES

The Spanish Legacy in the Criollo Horse (continued) We therefore adhere to the theory that the current horse descended from a single common branch of horses domesticated by central Asians, who when they invaded Europe in prehistoric times, once the glaciers had retreated, did not find wild horse populations, as these were almost completely extinct, or had hidden in inaccessible areas. This explains why the people of Hamitic origin, who were concentrated in the Nile valley, did not have horses with them, nor did they preserve the memory of the art of equitation when the desert started to invade northern Africa. And why later, Libyans, Numidians, Iberians and Celts used equestrian tactics that were similar to the Asians, on almost identical horses. The Celts, people of Aryan origin, well after the Tartessus and Iberians settled in the Peninsula, invaded the land using different mounted cavalry tactics that were later modified to adapt them to those of the people with whom they mixed, and creating the ethnic group known as “Celtiberians.” All these Aryan peoples, whose origins are still unknown, and who the most modern theories state descend directly from the primitive “Cro-magnon”, were, in comparison with those from central Asia, men who remained essentially, on foot, living in “palafitos” or stilt houses, and completely unaware of the horse. Their contact with those “horsemen”, with whom they had ties shortly after their arrival on the plains north of the Caucasus, allowed them to learn the art of equitation, but they continued to use the weapons developed for fighting on foot such as a shield, axe and heavy lance. They adapted these arms to the cavalry and thus created a type of compact, mobile equestrian phalanx, which was impenetrable and had a great shock force, forerunner of the medieval heavy cavalry, but without forsaking their fondness off dismounting and fighting on foot. Once combat became generalized, it was a tactic that the “horsemen” peoples never used, and which is common to all those who learned “late” to use the horse in war. But now let us analyse how the equestrian tactics that determined the functional aptitudes of the Spanish Horse evolved. Hannibal was perhaps the greatest tactician of ancient history, although others exceeded him in strategy: he knew how to assess all of the various resources used in warfare of his time and used them to led him to victory. He combined his Carthaginian infantry with the Cretan archers and the sling-shots from the Balearic Islands, creating a perfectly disciplined mass of infantry, which was diversified to the maximum in its offensive methods, formed an incredibly powerful front of elephants, which terrified the enemy, but trusted the final combat decision of a new weapon, used in western civilization, which had already been used by Alexander the Great against the Persians.

He may have lost the strength supplied by his elephants, which had fallen during the campaign, but he replaced the weakness of his front lines with unequalled genius. He placed the cavalry at the extremes of his army, and organized a semicircular front with the infantry, which he had advance in a horseshoe, against the Roman army. Having caused major damage to the enemy with his sling-shots and archers, he feinted a withdrawal, inverting the arch of the horseshoe, which remained in such a shape as to encircle, with the front and the sides, the enemy army that had believed that they were able to celebrate their victory. At that point, he launched his cavalry from the flanks, which after dispersing the Roman troops, closed the circle with the rearguard and totally destroyed the Republican army. His strategic errors failed to allow him to make use of his unbeatable tactics. He stagnated in Italy, without consolidating his triumphs, until another chief, who was equally shrewd, took him to the chosen land, Carthage itself, and the Battle of Zama, beating him with the clever manoeuvre of putting the Manipuls (military units) in columns, so that the elephants would pass along the lanes formed, without causing destruction, and by the same means of the Numida cavalry on the flanks, which this time were fighting for Rome, they finished with Carthaginian dominance. Publius Cornelius Scipio, named for this triumph as “the African”, observed the usefulness of the cavalry and repeated the hard lesson learned in Cannae, but later Rome forgot this great army and relegated it to being merely auxiliary. Rome lacked its own horses and cavalry, therefore it continued to use those provided by Spain and conquered northern Africa. Ruy D’Andrade attributed a modifying importance and influence to the so-called Roman period in Spain, but, using Cabrera’s slogan, the influence could not have been as great as the Peninsula’s equestrian customs were not substantially modified. Rome under-estimated the cavalry; it did not have its own type of horse, nor was it innovative in equestrian matters. It returned a light cavalry to Spain, the same as the Carthaginians, that was similar to what already existed, which was considered valuable as an auxiliary to the infantry legions that Mario perfected and Julius Caesar used with known success, despite being the opposite of Hannibal, a mediocre tactician, but a great strategist. This period is attributed with the appearance of larger horses, with elevated movement, which were the basis of the later Andalusian Horse, and which galloped with their heads raised instead of the lowered heads of the Spanish Horses. But the Romans did not perfect any horse based on the fact that they were also Spanish and African. The horses from Tuscany and the Po Valley were similar to these. The auxiliary German cavalry even used small light horses according to what can be seen in the reproductions from that period.

This weapon was the light cavalry, Numidia and Spanish, with horses and combat tactics that were similar and uniform, needing only to become organized and disciplined by a great chief, and used to their maximum potential at the right moment.

Those who forget the Roman influence in Spain, who attribute more importance to them than they had, from which, without substantially modifying the type or the action, started to strengthen their necks and collect their paces, possibly a product of using the curb bit, believe they see in the invasions of the Barbarians, a substantial modification towards a heavier, taller horse with a more lymphatic character.

After having conquered Spain, he crossed the Pyrenees and the Rhone, over come the Alps and won the support of the people under the yoke of Rome. In Cannae, Hannibal carried out one of the most brilliant tactics in military history and surprised Rome, defeating it, thanks to his use of the cavalry, which had, up to then, never been used by conquered civilizations.

The Vandals, Suebis, Alani, Heruli and Visigoths, who all invaded the Empire after the 4th century and reached as far as Spain and Africa in their incursions, all of Aryan race, had learned to ride following several centuries of living together with the “horsemen” people of central Asia or Barbarian Europe. For centuries, they changed neither the type of horse nor the

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combat tactics, introduced a revolutionary element to equitation: the stirrup. This made it much easier for foot soldiers to adapt to the use of horses, and it perfected the equitation of the rider-peoples, who also adopted it. There is nothing to confirm that the Barbarians took their own horses on their incursions, but if this had been the case, they did not differ greatly from those already existent in Spain, which had even come from the same origins, and it can be confirmed that, following those invasions, the convex profile appeared in Spain and Africa, but with no change to the physical type or the action. The Spanish Horse of the Visigoths continued to be small, fast, resistant and manoeuvrable. War tactics changed very little. They used light swords and lances. Neither horse nor rider wore breastplate or armour. Stirrups were worn long, and the rider leaned on the horse’s mouth, using a snaffle, which enabled them to use the lance freely, without a saddle support. The theory of the large size and the lymphatic character of the Barbarian horses is another historical mistake that has caused much confusion. These recent characteristics were found in the medieval French and German “destriers” and had very little influence in Spain, which will be mentioned further on. FROM THE MUSLIM INVASIONS TO THE AMERICAN CONQUEST As of the 8th century, there was an interruption in the history of a lost nation of nomadic sheep and camel herders who, urged by a clever leader, became very keen on Religious Passion – The Holy War -. It

supply his cavalry, imported them from Egypt. They were type IV horses, destined to drawing war chariots, as neither the Egyptians nor the Jews rode. For this reason, when the Arabs invaded northern Africa, they took large numbers of indigenous horses from the Berbers, which “due to their lightness and vigour, exceeded everything that the Muslims had seen until then in their expeditions” (Abu Bekr). Tarik, when invading Spain in 711 AD, fought his first battles with horses acquired from his allies, the Visigoths and when the Muslim push was halted in Poitiers (732), the Saracen cavalry was, for the most part, made up of Numidia riders who could not flank a veteran infantry that was heavily armed and very well protected. The decisive influence of the so-called Arab horse in Africa appeared as of the 8th century, with the hegemony of the Mameluke Turks, who from their Sultanate of Cairo spread across these regions crossing with the indigenous, but for this period, and later from the battle of the Navas de Tolosa, the Muslim dominion in Spain was limited to the region of Granada. We owe these peoples, slaves of the Arabs, originally from Asia and Mongols by race, “horsemen” like all their fellows, for the organised and systematic breeding of the “Purebred Arab Horse.” In addition to being destined for war, they were also used in speed races at the racetracks, already known at this time. This horse was unknown to Rome, which shows how rare it was and how little it had spread. The most important period for this breed was undoubtedly during the reign of Sultan El Nasser Ibn Kalaoum (1291 – 1341). He was a son of El Mansur Kalaoum “El Elfi” (the Elf), of the Bordj Ogly Clan, a Royal Guard slave, who came to power in 1279. “El Elfi” had always preferred the horses known as “Barka”, of Libyan origins. However his son, El Nasser, did not agree. He introduced the best examples of Syrian origin into Egypt, bred by two major desert tribes, the Beni Fadl and the Muhana. They held the famous line known by the collective name of “Kehailan,” grouping the O Bayan, Sagiawi, Hamadan and Habdan, strictly controlling the foalings with witnesses, and even with his Royal presence, and taking written notes of the event. Upon the death of El Nasser, who left 4,800 horses in his stables, another Turkish group of ex-slaves took over—the Circassian Guard. This was the onset of the dynasty lead by the Sultan Barkouk “El Malik El Zahar,” who continued with the equestrian passion until Selim I (1512 – 1520) forced the last Circassian prince to abdicate. With these events, the entire Arab Caliphate fell under the jurisdiction of Constantinople.

9. Spanish warrior (6th century miniature). The riding style is “a la brida”, but with a long-leg “rider” curb bit, rowels spurs, wearing only chain mail, with no protection on the horse, a light lance held in the fingers (without a saddle support) and a shield wasn’t long before they dominated a large part of the Roman Empire and split it up. Mohammed, like all the great leaders, saw the importance of the cavalry and instilled this importance in the mentality of his people, who knew nothing of the use of the horse. However, the opinion of those who contend that he brought Arab horses to Spain is completely erroneous, as is the idea of those who maintain that its influence was produced by crossing with the Berber horse, which was what was really used for the conquest of the peninsula. The truth is that the few horses that some desert tribes held as a rarity had been received by the Jews, in the times of King Solomon. He, to

If, based on these facts, the African horse was modified by the Arabs, it is not something that has affected either the equitation or the horses of the peninsula, which were only influenced by the entrance of the horses that the Moroccans and Berbers brought to Spain before receiving this important Arab influence. If the current Andalusian Horse presents an Arab influence, this is due to recent crossings (19th century), in attempts to alleviate the heavy horses created following the reign of Philip IV. If signs of Arab influence appear in Criollo horses, this must be attributed to mixtures produced in America at the end of the last century, rather than regression to its Spanish origins. The Muslim influence can be seen more accentuated in the equitation than in the horse. The Visigoths, as all the Aryan people who learned “as grown-ups” to ride horses, received that difficult art from the central Asian peoples who transmitted the use of the saddles and stirrups.

(to be continued…)

IN MEMORY A few days ago, we heard of the death of Mr. Manuel Losada Ballesteros, Cavalry Lieutenant, from the Breeding Office (Cria Caballar y Remonta), where he was very competent in performing his work. In dedicating these lines to his memory, we are aware of the kindness with which he always attended the problems that arose, his enthusiasm for everything related to breeding horses and his constant and disciplined work in the Cria Caballar Office. We would like to ask all our readers to say a prayer for his soul.

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EXPORTING HORSES Herein are various shots of the process when exporting horses, and the transportation used, ships, airplanes and trucks; we consider it to be of interest to our readers due to the high degree of specialization there is in this field, so that horses travel under the best possible safety conditions. As you can see, from the elevating platform to the specially designed travel crates and the English truck with easy loading access for horses, everything has been foreseen to transport horses in perfect conditions.

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Specialized English transport truck, designed for international transportation Crate models for shipment, built in Jerez

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HISTORIC SIRES by Jesús Sixto "Gallito"

EEduardo Miura Fernández: 1900 New World Magazine

At an informal d i s c u s s i o n meeting, Luis Fernández Salcedo narrated one of many stories linked to the world of livestock and breeders about the Duke of Veragua, Pedro de Alcántara Colon. During a discussion in the mid-14th century, the already legendary Curro Cúchares, the Duke's usual fellow debater told him of his desire to get into the game with the following comment: “I’m going to become a breeder, Sir Duke… now your excellence will see what it is to breed fighting bulls. To which Veragua answered: Hum! You do not know what you are saying… those who make guitars are never those who play them…”

The breeding of bulls and horses is an unfathomable mystery

aces of the bridle or top professionals, who have reached and, more difficult still, remained there, “at the top of the pile” of livestock husbandry.

Solitary planets in a single galaxy, their axes not only rotate around the breeding of a beautiful animal which complies with all the breed canons for its recognition from the stands, and by the judges, entrepreneurs, veterinarians, weighing scales and terraces.

(Never confuse the phrase “at the top of the pile” with stables of spasmodic ephemeral equine viral conformation-medal boasters or with sloppy bullfighting festivals).

In addition to all that, and to make matters worse, the personality and actions of the engendered creature is, or at least should always be, a substantial part of its evaluation as an individual and expression of the goodness of its origins.

Of course, to be a “practical breeder” (as said back then), those who with no self-importance enjoyed a couple of rounds with a bull, used a garrocha (pole) on the edge of a sash or, simply enjoyed a country hack with a colt, using four reins, have and will always be a great help to savor the taste of what is produced.

And in all truth, Veragua was not off the track. Few examples (there must always be some very honorable exceptions to the rule) come to mind when trying to evoke confirmed gods of the cape and sword, sparkling

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This was said of man from Colmenar Viejo, a breeder of bulls right down to the marrow, with a prose that no good enthusiast should forsake.

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Antonio Miura Hontoria and José Miura Hontoria: Website of the Sevilla Garrocha* riders’ Association * Garrocha riders are cowboys who ride with a long pole to test the strength of young bulls

Believe me when I tell you that Fernández Salcedo is the Galdós* of the fighting bull world. And, like the author from the Canary Islands, he could have very well certify, as the admired man from the mountains, Baroja* that the virtue of “knowing how to make the people speak;” In this case, the typical bullfighting enthusiast and the man from the countryside.

And all this arises to bring up the topic of Miura Zahariche (the one with a cow’s skull carried on a pole...) celebrated having had printed in the last one hundred years, an enormous quantity of paper concerning what he has earned through wisdom and care. Fame and congratulations were things this family never sought; they were the type who was always known to be rather reserved. They did not enjoy being in the limelight, interviews, microphones, or being public... The livestock spoke for itself. It was known for its deeds.

From Antonio and Eduardo Miura Fernández, the sons of the founder, came the common obsession for flawless selection. A slow, but sure pathway to obtain what was being sought after. They always shared their mistrust of cross-breeding. Eduardo used to say: “everyone who crosses, tries, for example, to join the legs of a greyhound and the nose of a Podenco (hunting dog); but they do not think about the fact that the opposite could happen and they could get animals with the nose of a greyhound and the speed of a Podenco”. 24-hour-a-day breeders, they were also daring and brave, bordering on the reckless, in their approach to the bull and equine livestock. Excellent garrocha (pole) handlers, they came from a romantic time that, regrettably, no longer exists. I like to believe that an ember or two still remains in the Spanish countryside. Fernández Salcedo tells us that on one occasion Antonio was invited to dinner by the Duke of Montpensier, Antonio María de Orleáns, candidate to the throne of Spain:

On a personal note, with regards to the same breeders, in -“It will, of course, be necessary to wear formal attire. the pages that we have left, there are still Sotomayor and -Yes…, that is the custom - replied the aristocrat. Fernández Salcedo to see; we find a -Well then, I won’t go..; I don't have multitude of examples of the peculiar “there are still some that kind of suit. dominion, courage and limitless love invested in this stock. Of 6 generations powerful Spanish horses, -You can always borrow one… 6! -Of course, but I have a rule to and, for my taste, We can pull out some of the many always attend occasions to which I these are unbeatable, anecdotes about a family whose am invited, never those to which my because they are much trail embraces half of the history of clothes are. bullfighting itself. easier to work with than After some time, another aristocrat, Since 1842, the year in which Juan crossbreds, and what they this one was already king, was to Miura Rodríguez decided to acquire test the natural impulsiveness of have been taught, tends a good herd of livestock of Gallardo another Miura. It was Alphonse XIII, to be retained, even with entered the jurisdiction of Eduardo origin, due to the limitless inclination of his son, Antonio, for the countryside Miura Fernández, thus invading the the passing of time.” and the breeding in general. complicated terrain.

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José María Sotomayor notes this in his magnificent work, “Miura. A Century and a half of Breeding”.

- But you will take some off for the grass they have eaten…

Well, the Bourbon, “willing to reward his great merits as a breeder and farmer - ended up having 14,000 fanegas* available -, told him:

- Naturally! These are not times to waste money.

-I will grant you the title of Marquis of Los Castellares. -Thank you very much, Sir – he replied -, but please forget the idea… I am very happy being called Eduardo Miura…” I cannot resist telling one last and long anecdote about the character of Eduardo; it is proof of his personal quality. Once again, Fernández Salcedo refers to it in his interesting tone: “The famous breeder showed me—in addition to his bulls—his sheep and horses. However, I soon noticed that many of them failed to bear the brand of the A with handles, but with some kind of a weighing scale. I asked him what this brand meant, and he only said: - We use it on the cross-bred horses. And when I insisted on discovering where it came from, I noticed very clearly how he changed the subject. When, after a certain amount of time, I got together with the stud manager at a provincial fair, I asked him to explain what he knew about that brand. And its history, more or less, is as follows: Eduardo had a close friend called José Calcaño. They had played together as boys; they had had a good time together when a little older; they had caroused together, thousand of time, at country festivals. Calcaño was even fonder of horses than of bulls and, due to this, at the cost of some sacrifices, he had been able to put together a small stud farm, of which he was certainly proud. But as this roguish world does not stop turning, an ill wind blew for this good man and, his regular job having vanished, he came down in the world, although, swallowing his tears, as is often said, not the smallest complaint was heard, nor did he blame his ruin on external factors. His friends dared not ask him and they accepted his pretense as if were real. Eduardo, with great finesse, offered him money on more than one occasion. Calcaño always rejected this proposal, even being astonished that it should be made. It need not be said that the stud farm went onwards and, one by one, the horses left his hands in various directions. - I have too many mouths to feed, Eduardo…I will downsize and preserve the best…And I will enjoy myself with them…This will not be a business. When he had only two mares left, Miura made a proposal, “to save you head-aches”, throw them out in the fields with mine, which were very numerous. It was not easy to convince him, but finally he gave in, and the famous breeder of fighting bulls, who had his own plans, saw how the door of heaven opened wide. - Don't you worry about anything…; I will sell the offspring, looking after your money as best as possible.

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And every year at the right time…. - Here: so much money that the two foals were sold for, for the Army, after deducting my expenses. The figure rose again and again in an exaggerated manner, but Calcaño did not seem to realize… how needy the poor man must have been!... One day, after a long silence, he said to his friend from his soul: - Do you know what I am thinking? That my mares are the best in the world: I calculate that they must now be about thirty years old and they are still giving birth to magnificent foals every spring, judging by what you pay me for them. - That is why you did not want to sell them to me when I wanted to buy them, sending you to a dealer, so that you would resolved it freely. And one day Calcaño’s expression held a sadness that it was impossible to hide… - Eduardo, I foresee that my life will finish soon, and I will make a will. I would like to leave you something as a keepsake, something that to me is worth everything, but to anyone else, absolutely nothing… Guess what it is? - Who are you to talk of dying, man? And if it does happen, I don't need any gift to preserve an excellent memory of you. - Yes, I know that, but I want to give you a great proof of friendship, giving you the right to use on your crossbreds… ¡the brand from my stud farm! Any one else, who was not Eduardo, would perhaps have taken this as a bit of a joke. Miura, who realized what that brand represented to Calcaño, full of cobwebs from lack of use, was deeply moved and replied: - You cannot imagine how grateful I am. And when you go (and God willing that will not happen for a very long time) my horses will be proud to carry on their haunches that kind scales of justice with which you marked yours. Only those enthusiasts who are a hardly aware of what a stud farm is will be able to give the true value to this noble gesture by Eduardo. In any case, all those people who have not had the pleasure of knowing him, will admirably see in this story of this illustrious breeder, to whom the Government granted the title of His Excellency…¡And that was underestimated!” After the death of this exceptional character, in 1917, the stud farm was to pass on to his sons, Antonio and. José Miura Hontoria. The so-called “Miura children” inherited their predecessors' qualities as breeders and horsemen. We are now in the historical backdrop of the first third of the 20th century, which links up with the incarnation of the meritorious “Cantinera IV.” But let us stop speaking of Antonio Miura Hontoria, one of the best garrocha handlers of all times (and greatly influenced by James Fillis and his “Principles of Breaking

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Platero 1918: 1927 Cavalry Memorial

Eduardo used to say: “everyone who crosses, tries, for example, to join the legs of a greyhound and the nose of a Podenco (hunting dog); but they do not think about the fact that the opposite could happen and they could get animals with the nose of a greyhound and the speed of a Podenco” and Riding”) concerning his vision about the Spanish Horse as a working tool in the fields. In 1929, in the delicious “Doma, Acozo y Derribo”* put together by his son, and regarding the conditions of the horse suited to the garrocha… “As equine breeding is relatively arbitrary: first due to the fashion for horses with movement, this in Spanish Horses” […] “most of the Spanish Horses left are weak and not well suited to violent exercises, but there are still some powerful ones and, for my taste, these are unbeatable, because they are much easier to work with than crossbreds, and what they have been taught, tends to be retained, even with the passing of time.” According to Antonio, a crossbred horse was more difficult to work with, due to suffering, generally, from a worse mouth than the Spanish Horse, and he summarized: “A rider who has a horse with good conformation, with will and good blood, agile and powerful, can work well with the livestock and can say that he is well mounted; whatever breed it may be, Spanish or crossbred, of all that I have seen, there are good ones and bad.”

And the eight year-old gray, BILBAÍNO, a horse that is manifested in these terms, left these stables two years later, in 1931, en route to Almonaster, to add to the Baones mares that seed of valid, operative horse, so characteristic of where he had come from. Undoubtedly, this quality was the first thing that the breeder looked for. A breeder who, above all, was a rider. Oh tempora!, Oh mores! At that time, males were sold to the State so others could enjoy these genetics, in which there was a lot of Corbacho, Rioboo, Hermanos Camino, Vazquez, (when seeking a sample, a single button is enough: See the illustration of the “Platero”, by Español and Platera. This is what the Miuras were like; they were brought up in Zahariche, from where the Jazminítos, Meloneras, Plateras, Panaderas, Regateras, Grajitas and all that celestial court came). It was also 1931, a year of changes in the handling of the PRE breed. In virtue of a Republic Decree, the Ministry of War abolished the Cría Caballar (Equine Breeding) Service,

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Bilbaino 1923

with everything linked to the said office being turned over to the General Livestock Office. Consequently and as a consequence of the abovementioned, it was the General Livestock Office and Breeding Industries who were charged with producing the new Stud Book for Purebred Spanish Horses. Nihil novum sub sole! And that same year, Bilbaíno was applied to the task, after which the following season the Baones mares produced four colts and three fillies. For those who like colors, he was like one of those boxes of “Alpino” pencils of our childhood. That is, from the bay Cantinera IV no less than Bilbaíno II, gray with a stripe. From the also brown Tabernera III, Calcetera IV, a chestnut with a stripe, high socks on the right and low ones on the left. From the bay Cantinera II, Negrera II, and black like her name suggests. From the bay Cantinera III, Tornero, a bay with a stripe and high sock on the left hind. The grey, Princess II, carried on the same color in Mensajera II, also with a stripe. The list ends with the bay Cigarrera II. She produced Botador, wine-gray with a stripe. Of all the foals of ‘32, Bilbaíno II was the one who was to mark his stock with the best of his blood lines during his years of service in Moratalla. Which brought us Cantinera IV. But things did not stop there; after a year, in 1933 when he only left one filly, in the following campaign of 1934, Bilbaíno offered four offspring, three males and a female. One of the males, also with Cantinera IV. On this occasion, there was another colt that would go to the army, called Lebrero. Yes, the one that you are thinking of. The sire of Maluso, Lusitania, Ofrenda…what a mare gentlemen, what a mare! These two artists, siblings of sire and dam, and their famous offspring, have led to a lot of talk. Perhaps one day. (God willing), if we have the enough space and time...

There was ONE, “Zarabanda”, produced with the chestnut, “Oficina” (where we once again find “Hechicero” from Hermanos Guerrero and the old “Irlandés” of previous chapters), who produced good fruit, following the war. This Zarabanda had three females and a male with the Military Stud Farm brand, during the ‘40s, injecting the Bocado brand “with” (Hnos. Domínguez) and “without” the < c > (Curro Chica). Two of these three fillies, born on the Military Stud Farm of Moratalla, located in Hornachuelos (Cordoba), were acquired by various breeders who knew how to perpetuate the legacy of the Miuro, Bilbaíno. Luis Alarcón de la Lastra with “Nagaba”, and Florencio Cáceres Reyes, who manages “Hélice” took her to the fertile Tierra de Barros (Badajoz). It is this mare of which so much is heard today with regards to the man from Burguillos,. Ignacio Bravo, in the multi-award-winning Binguero, as well as in many Extremadura stud farms.

And Cantinera IV? No, she was not abandoned; she continued to bring joy. Four more foals, the last one in 1948 when she was 21 years old! The genius and figure of this Spanish Mare! The most renown with “Furioso 1934”, a son of “Americano,” Belonging to Hermanos Domínguez, of Jerez. There you can find “Tabernero III”, from whom Florencio obtained much seed, (double) and “Envidiada II”, who left profuse and magnificent offspring in Baones and a large part of today’s PRE livestock. To all, all these people, who transmitted this valuable legacy to us, fruit of their full love, we, the breeders of the 21st century, owe all of our gratitude. * Ignacio Perez Galdos, 19th century Spanish novelist, playwright and reporter.

But, what happened to Bilbaíno?

* Pio Baroja, 19th century Spanish writer and key novelist of the Generation of 98.

In 1935, Bilbaíno left another five offspring with the Baones and went directly on to sow “Zs” in the National Stud Farm.

* 1 fanega of land = 6459.6 m2. Therefore, the King offered him no less than 90434400 m2 or 9043 hectares, which is equal to 22,346.82 acres of land.

In the convulsed year of 1936, with the Civil War already exploding, Bilbaíno produced the last set of foals in his busy life, with mares belonging to the State. It was the year of the “Z”, and his eight state “z” went on to neither pain nor glory. All? No.

* Doma could be training or dressage, while Acoso y Derribo is a term used when working with fighting bulls. To chase the young bulls and force them to trip and fall to see their spirit and stamina and to assess their potential for future fighting.

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Alta Escuela by Alfonso Cuesta

TRANSITIONS

Photographic collage of Regidor XXXVI, bred by Eduardo Miura, owned by JosĂŠ Fajardo Garcia and ridden by Jose A. Fdez. Lineros

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Transition is the moment in which a horse moves from one exercise to another. Being that it is a difficult action, it is rarely performed well unless the horse has been methodically trained, leaving nothing to chance and being extremely meticulous; therefore, I will try to cover each aspect in great detail. The quality of the training is demonstrated by the quality of the transitions.

The quality of the training is demonstrated by the quality of the transitions

previous chapters, I have stated that it was preferable that the horse learns piaffe before passage. If it is taught in this way, the piaffe-passage transition will be almost resolved. The reasoning behind this is that to obtain passage, a good procedure is—when performing the piaffe—to push the horse a little more forwards, before taking firmer contact than when performing the piaffe. Thus, the horse almost invariably produces some trot strides (from the piaffe), which have greater suspension, and which are a “basic passage.”

from extended to collected trot, the horse will produce a few strides in passage. For the passage-piaffe transition, it is, in many cases, not all that easy unless you have obtained piaffe by reducing the passage. As I have already mentioned, this procedure hardly ever achieves good results.

Although both in the passage and in the piaffe the horse moves on diagonal pairs, if you want to go into piaffe from a high and suspended passage, (brilliant), you will have to demand extra effort from the hindquarters, so that horse transforms all the propulsion When I say passage or basic piaffe, I mean that it and carrying energy of the passage into strength that lacks brilliance. However, logically, it is from the base is exclusively carrying energy. This extra effort is too of these airs that the transitions must be approached. much for most horses, which are unable to perform If you concentrate only on the brilliance of the this transition and when carrying it out when all sorts airs, you run the risk of approaching of faults come to light. It is probable that the transitions from that brilliance, their trainers, keen for quick results, have TBy working on especially if there has not been enough neglected basic and profound aspects the transitions, work dedicated to the transitions. As I of the equitation of “invisible riders.” not only will the have said, you run even greater a risk of However, when you see somebody filled disorder, irregularities and asymmetries with the old essences of equitation work, horse improve in such a way that the horse is unable you are able to appreciate how their in quality, but to smoothly and calmly go from one horse has better balance, impulsion rather, passage exercise to another. Hence, during the and rhythm, and is more between the training process, the transitions must legs and the hands, although perhaps and piaffe will never be dismissed; they must always be it does not have any more collection be achieved in given the importance they deserve. The than the most “brilliant” ones. (I have the most natural exercises should be performed without put this in quotation marks because for having to look for them; in other words, me, brilliant is the term applied to what manner. for example: looking for good transitions is performed with the greatest quality, from collected to extended trot, and although it is generally applied to the

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Transition to passage

Passage

Piaffer

Seldom does the most spectacular have the most quality most spectacular. It is very seldom that the most spectacular has the most quality). But remember, as they say in Andalusia: first things first and, of course, collection is not the first thing. It is of no use to have a horse in an attitude of piaffe, with the croup well lowered and the hind hooves well under the body, if it is not moving in diagonal pairs or it is asymmetric and/ or irregular. Why would you want so much collection if all this achieves is to hinder the movement? Who are we trying to deceive? The judges, this frequently happens, the public as well - that is much easier -. And later, what? Is one happy with the work performed? Podhajsky: â&#x20AC;&#x153;Do not make sacrifices to false gods.â&#x20AC;? Collection that has been achieved by damaging the rhythm, regularity, symmetry and impulsion, is generally a collection produced by touching the hindquarters with the whip (which is certainly sometimes vital to achieve piaffe in some horses), but not, by any means, always, nor of course, is it the only method, nor, very often, is it the best. There are other procedures within our reach: transitions. In PRE Horses, it is common to find individuals with good hock flexion. They are generously endowed with elevation (knee flexion), full of spirited and obedient, without holding anything back from the rider. If, with this type of horse, you completely forget about

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obtaining passage or piaffe and concentrate on working the horse thoroughly through its back, with the help of TRANSITIONS, from collected trot to halt, halt to collected trot, and, when this combination is consolidated, you should work on the transitions of collected trot to rein-back and rein-back to collected trot, with no halt in between. Day after day, you will be able to see how the horse becomes more prepared to perform piaffe until it happens automatically, without being asked for. The secret lies in seeking more quality in the transitions, more collection and balance in the halt and in the collected trotâ&#x20AC;Ś more lightness, more permeability, more straightness, etc. That is to say, by working on the transitions, not only will the horse improve in quality, but rather, passage and piaffe will be achieved in the most natural, least traumatic manner possible and therefore with less risks of falling into the previously mentioned faults. It is also true that with less forward-going horses, which are not so well endowed in terms of the flexion of their leg joints and less gifted, by nature, for collection, this procedure will perhaps not give the required results. Even so, it should not be ignored; with every horse, with no exceptions, transitions should be worked on in great detail. You only need to resort to touching the horse with the whip, when in hand, in the case of less gifted

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Regidor XXXVI, bred by Eduardo Miura, owned by José Fajardo Garcia and ridden by Jose A. Fdez. Lineros

Transition to piaffer

Passage

Podhajsky: “Do not make sacrifices to false gods” horses, because as I have previously stated, although it is such an academic procedure, which is most always used and undeniably produces results, unless it is applied by very expert hands, it entails great risks of irregularities and asymmetries that are frequently seen, even at top level events. The reason I place so much stress on this and dwell on the irregularities and asymmetries is because they are so often seen, even in those that win international competitions, that it appears to be correct, but it is not. In addition, a piaffe in which there is no movement in diagonal pairs, due to it being irregular and asymmetrical is not a piaffe, no matter how much collection there is.

once all that has been done, he waits patiently until the oats sprout and grow, so that when they mature, he harvests them, and with this, he achieves the fruit of the earth and of his work. I have never seen any farmer”, he told me, “who when the oat stalks are still green, starts pulling on them so that they grow faster; the only achievement would be to pull them up”.

I know that it is very difficult not to approach the teaching of the piaffe and the passage by the quickest possible manner. We all want our horses to be able to perform them. Perhaps it is asking a lot of the youngest rider to avoid asking their horse to perform such exercise, and that they should only work at basic exercises. Hopefully, patients will bear fruit which can then be harvested. However, I am absolutely confident that this is the best way to work; I was made to see this on one occasion, by the “Old Master of invisible riders” when he said to me:

I agree that it is not easy to wait while you work, but if you do, you obtain the great pleasure of witnessing, day by day, how your riding becomes splendid, how your roots become firmer and firmer, until the desired fruits appear, and in season, overflowing with flavors and subtle scents… sublime, and when your intoxicated by them, you realize that you are only one more creature, who in the end has done what ought to be done, but a job well done. For that reason, the fates of equitation have yielded up their treasures. As dressage riders, we are treasure hunters, but in many cases, the shine of cut glass is confused with the purest diamond.

“The farmer prepares the land by working it and fertilizing it at the correct times, then he sows it and,

I fear that there are a great many riders who pull on the oats, leaving them without the roots of an exercise which, had they waited (while they worked) would have produced, at the right time, a magnificent crop.

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DAILY VETERINARY PRACTICE

by Luis Rivera Ruiz

TECHNIQUES FOR THE COLLECTION OF SEMEN

Extraction of semen using an artiﬁcial vagina

The extensive development that Spain has experienced in the equine sector—in which political authorities have begun to understand the economic importance and size that this sector—has caused equestrian breeding to start moving along a better defined pathway. Motivated by this development, there are now many breeders who have begun using assisted reproduction techniques (refrigerated or frozen semen, embryos, cloning, etc.) in their stud farms. They are taking maximum advantage of all the technical resources available to achieve the maximum reproductive performance from both mares and stallions. This article will cover the specific topic of techniques or methods for the collection of semen—a delicate subject that requires extremely careful handling of the stallion— and the various possible options depending on the individual horse.

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EVALUATION OF THE STALLION All veterinarians, breeders and anyone who has anything to do with horses, discover that no two individuals are the same; each horse is different. Their behavior as a stallion has a strong influence on their character. There are those who are calm, nervous, lacking confidence, pushy, distracted, slow, violent, aggressive, etc. All these adjectives serve perfectly to define the behavior of the stallion when covering a mare. It is clear that breeders demand optimized results: 100% pregnancy rate, covering 2-3 times per season, preferably only one, thus, all this makes it necessary to perform a reproductive check of the mare and evaluation of the stallion. This is to make better use of the stallion, avoid unnecessary expenses with regards to personnel and unnecessary risks due to violent stallions, which in the excitement of the covering, bite or kick mares who are in estrus, who have abnormal ovulation follicles, who are frightened of the stallion, etc. All this has led to the development of techniques for collecting semen, which have permitted the use of stallions with physical problems (arthritis, vertebral

injuries, and muscular-skeletal problems in general).

and

neurological

Remember the words of Pickett (1992), who confirmed that the “ability to manage a stallion, so that he offers us an appropriate sexual response with the minimum difficulty, is an art”. The first rule that must be borne in mind when you prepare a stallion for a covering program—whether a natural covering or collection of semen, with its many variants will be covered below—is to never forget that the horse is an creature of habit. Sticking to this rule, you must create behavioral habits in the stallion that avoid problems in the future that could make him impossible to use. In the first place, always choose a suitable enclosure to carry out the covering or collection; always the same, comfortable, well ventilated and isolated. Secondly, always use the same type of bridle or head collar for coverings (cavesson, snaffle bit, chain, headcollar). The choice of head-gear will depend on how difficult the stallion is to handle, and this will be decided by his handler, but always use the same one (VERY IMPORTANT). And lastly, but no less important, respect the “reaction time” (period between the first

The “ability to manage a stallion, so that he offers us an appropriate sexual response with the minimum difficulty, is an art Dummy mare with incorporated artiﬁcial vagina

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Always choose a suitable enclosure to carry out the covering or collection; always the same, comfortable, well ventilated and isolated Always use the same type of bridle or head collar for coverings (cavesson, snaffle bit, chain, head-collar)

Collector and semen collection recipient with a ﬁlter

contact with the mare and the covering), which will be very useful in the future. Once these premises for collection have been established, the following methods of collection are currently used: with an artificial vagina on a real or dummy mare, collections from the ground with an artificial vagina, by means of a condom and using pharmacological products. • Artificial Vagina: There are many models on the market, but the most commonly used, the Missouri type vagina, however, equally common are the Colorado, Hanover, Japanese, INRA, and Polish types. These latter two are open vagina models, to collect only the spermatic fraction of the ejaculate. All have a latex cover that creates sheath that is filled with warm water, to an approximate temperature of 40-47ºC, and non-spermicidal lubricants are used, which thus reproduces the conditions of a natural vagina. Once a stallion has got used to a particular type of vagina, with particular characteristics, it is very difficult to get him to change his habits and, of course, this can affect his subsequent production. The collection recipients must also be at about 36-38ºC. Collections can be made: • On a mare – it will be necessary to have a calm mare, preferably having had her ovaries removed, to be able to induce estrus behavior more easily, and to thus ensure that she accepts the stallion more often. Over time, such mares end up accepting stallions with no resistance at all. • On a dummy or phantom mare – this is the most recommended method, when the stallion accepts it well, it avoids many handling problems and reduces

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the personnel requirements for the operation. There are many models on the market, some of which incorporate the artificial vaginal. Their height is usually adjustable, as is their degree of inclination, so that they can be adapted to all types of stallion, and all you need is to have a mare close by, to stimulate the stallion. There must be a good communication between the person handling the stallion and the person holding the artificial vagina. The collected semen must be processed immediately. • Condom – this is a little used method, which is not very practical, because few stallions accept it, although on some occasion it has offered successful results. • Pharmacological Induction - in the event of physical disability for mounting or covering, the ejaculation can be induced using pharmacological products (detomidine, imipramine, xilacine) and the ejaculation sometimes occurs after 5-10 minutes; sometimes, it takes longer. The volume is always very small, and only 30% of stallions respond. • Collection from the ground – this is useful in animals with muscular-skeletal problems that prevent them from being able to mount. It is recommended that the stallion be placed close to the wall, that the penis be washed with warm water and then the penis be introduced in the vagina • Collection of semen from the epididymis – this is useful for stallions with obstructive problems of the epididymis or that have recently died. Very good quality semen can be collected, which is useful for freezing.

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International ANCCE ORGANIZES CLINICS IN AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND ANCCE is working to deepen general knowledge about the PRE as a breed and preparing it for competition. Therefore, throughout 2008, the Association will continue to train, and organize clinics the world over. This time, the countries are Australia and New Zealand. Thanks to the ever growing interest in PRE horses, Sabina Holle and Catherine Nicholls, the respective presidents of the two national PRE Associations, have each asked to hold a clinic that covers conformation, breeding, presentation and functionality. Thanks to the promotional plan that ANCCE has been carrying out this year and the coordination

between these two Associations, these clinics will become a reality. Ignacio Bravo, accompanied by translator Cristina Fernรกndez de Valderrama, will be in charge of the clinic. Christchurch, New Zealand will host the clinic on the 6th and 7th of December. The dates for Australia are the 12th and 13th of December in Brisbane and the 14th and 15th in Melbourne. These clinics will be offered free of charge for both breeders and enthusiasts. PRE horse owners, if they can, can participate with their horses.

PRE HORSES IN ECUADOR An agreement has been reached with ANCCE to hold the first Tribunal for Qualified Breeding Stock in Ecuador in December of 2008. There is no doubt that this is a milestone in PRE breed development in Ecuador. Also noteworthy is the fact that three PRE horse are seriously disputing the bid to represent the country in Dressage during the upcoming Bolivian Games, which

is one of the highest honors in continental equestrian competitions. On the other hand, the relationship with ANCCE has intensified. During the conformation competition, we enjoyed the visit of three of the main spokespersons from the Association in Spain. We were able to discuss a number of aspects linked to the promotion and breeding of PRE Horses, while they committed their collaboration

Cazador VI owned by the El Pongo stud farm, and bred by Briama

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and backing for greater dissemination of the breed throughout Ecuador the other neighbouring countries such as Colombia, Peru and Chile). A representative from the PRE Breedersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Association of Ecuador was in Sevilla (Spain) for the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book training course, which was the starting point to effectively handle Stud Book matters. That course, which was also attended by representatives from Costa Rica as well as Ecuador, underlines the fact that these Nelson Freile with Toledano X owned by the Balmoral Stud Farm and bred by Francisco Santiago

are two countries that are extremely advanced in the breeding and promotion of PRE Horses. Active participation is planned for the upcoming months in a number of trade fairs in Ecuador, where there is enthusiasm for horses, with a population of some 170,000 horses. We would also like to announce the 13th PRE Horse Fair to be held in Quito on the 14th and 15th of March, 2009.

Galatea LH owned by La Higuerita

Mares in category 5, 3-year-olds, being judged

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VÍCTOR ÁLVAREZ CLINIC IN THE USA DHampton Green Farm, in Fruitport, Michigan, hosted two dressage clinics—with more than five hundred participants—at their facilities from the 11th to the 17th of August. The event counted on ANCCE backing and the support of the new American association, USPRE, presided by Kimberly Van Kampen. On the evening of August 11, a dinner party and show was held at the facilities, so that guests could see the characteristics and skills that the PRE horse offers for Dressage. A number of horses were presented, both in-hand and ridden, including Idilio and Cosaco, who performed Gran Prix exercises. Dressage is a discipline that has enjoyed growth in the US in recent years. Riders are learning about the possibilities that the PRE horse offers in the field of Dressage.

Víctor Älvarez teaching one of the participating riders at the clinic at Hampton Green Farm

PRESENTATION OF ALBOROZO AS THE 2008 BREYERFEST HORSE

Alborozo , the star of the Global Gallop BreyerFest Avi Cohen signing the replicas of Alborozo

All the spotlights were on Alborozo, an impressive bay stallion from the Kilimanjaro Ranch, at the BreyerFest® Global Gallop, held from the 18th to the 20th of July this year at the Kentucky Horse Park in the city of Lexington (Kentucky), and as equine representative of the BreyerFest Celebration. Alborozo, owned by Avi Cohen and bred by Samuel López, was the star of the day, together with his owner, who signed autographs for enthusiasts and collectors who coveted one of the many scale models of Alborozo. Alborozo is a 12-year-old PRE horse that participates in the highest levels of Alta Escuela (Spanish High School). With this award, Alborozo’s unique and exceptional qualities have been recognized. This horse sparked the true passion that Avi Cohen shows for the PRE breed.

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Caballos y danzas

CLINIC FOR THE PRESENTATION OF HORSES AT CONFORMATION COMPETITIONS Knowledge about the PRE as a breed is spreading to the four corners of the globe. Therefore, ANCCE has sponsored a clinic in the Italian province of Ferrera. The course—titled “How to present colts/fillies, mares and stallions at conformation completions”—was given by Rider-Presenter Sebastián Bastida. The event coincided with the celebration of the 10th anniversary of the creation of AIPER (Purebred Spanish Horses Association of Italy), and the 10th Celebration of I Caballo del Rey at the impressive Communal Hippodrome. The protagonists of the clinic—held in September— were the some 30 participants, including PRE horse breeders and owners who participate in conformation competition in Italy. A number of stud farm representatives were on hand for the event, including people from Le Due Lune, Allevamento Andaluso Famiglia Rana, El Palo Borracho, Yeguada Los Potros, El Canto Rodado, La Luna Baia, Las Tierras de Don Zar, El Caballo di Roncaccio, Mi Sueño, Pasiòn Real Española, Milano Dressage 1 and Milano Dressage 2.

The clinic was held in a meeting room provided by the Association, which is where the theory was given. Rider Bastida explained the rules and regulations that govern competitions, from the clothing the presenter wears to the execution of functionality tests. Once the theoretical aspects were covered, it was time for hands on practice, where participants learned how to trim the manes of colts/fillies and mares according to tradition and the established rules and regulations. The fifty-five horses stabled at the center were used for the practical session; a conformational-functional competition was held a few days later. This course was extremely important for the participants, as there are few conformational competitions in Italy. Most of those who present PRE horses lack basic notions about tradition and the necessary experience. We would like to thank ANCCE for their sponsorship of this event, as it has been an experience that everyone wants to repeat…not only for their own gain, but to promote the PRE Horse in Italy.

Sebastián Bastida teaching the technical section of the clinic

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ANCCE, IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE ANDALUSIAN REGIONAL MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES WILL PARTICIPATE WITH A STAND AT FIERA CAVALLI (ITALY) ANCCE, the National PRE Horse Breeders’ Association of Spain, and the Andalusian Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries will be present at another edition of Fiera Cavalli. The event will be held in Verona from the 6th to the 9th of November.

The main objective behind ANCCE’s participation in Fiera Cavalli is to promote the breed, the Association and SICAB. With this in mind, the stand will be designed with photographs of PRE horses, and an extensive variety of promotional materials will be offered.

Thanks to the financing of the Andalusian Regional Government, ANCCE will participate with a stand where information about the breed, characteristics, stud farms and SICAB will be provided. Remember that this year, SICAB is from the 25th to the 30th of November.

For those breeders who will be attending the Fair, we will be awaiting your visit at the ANCCE stand to attend you and enjoy your company. The 12 x 12 meter stand will be located in Hall 4, Stand E2 at the Verona Fiere (Fair Grounds).

ANCCE will take two PRE horses in representation of the breed for the enjoyment of both the general Italian audience and breeders. Moreover, these horses will participate in daily exhibition shows.

ANCCE Stand at Fiera Cavalli 2007

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BREEDING AND BUYING SUCCESS FOR ROCKY LANE ANDALUSIANS UK We at Rocky Lane Andalusians would like to share our experience, success and pleasure at having started a PRE stud in 2006 with the purchase of our foundation breeding stock at the SICAB 2006 auction. Only two years into our breeding program and our stallions have been making a name for themselves winning ribbons at every show they have competed in. This August marked our first time competing at the British PRE Breed Show (BAPSH) and our success there was beyond our expectations. Our first two home bred foals sired by FAQUIR VII won Best Foals. Also winning at the Breed Show was TAMARINDA who won Reserve Champion Mare and OCULTO II who won Best Movement for 5 and 6 year old stallions. SICAB 2006 was my first ever trip to Seville and this amazing event. It was an incredible learning experience for me. I had reviewed the horses for auction on the web prior to my arrival and knew that I was interested in three of the horses available. Knowing that the horses chosen for auction had all been vetted and approved by SICAB made me feel secure in buying them. I had previously visited many studs in Spain and even when working with dealers I still was not experienced enough to know just what I was looking for or what to watch out for. What also gave me confidence was being able to see the horses for auction in their stables at SICAB over a few days and to get a feeling for their personalities. When I found TAMARINDA in her pen along with the other mares I immediately fell in love with her and her gentle demeanor. She was stunning to look at, was a rare example of a ridden mare and I knew she would make a beautiful brood mare as well. Seeing the stallions also confirmed my desires, especially FAQUIR VII who

Xiripa, bred by Juan Curto and her foal Rocky L Apollo, owned by Amanda Blake

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had just prior to auction been graded as Calificado. OCULTO II was just 3 years old at the time of auction, but already had won 2 separate awards in Spain as a 2 year old for his movement and was a jet black beauty I knew would be an asset to my breeding program. AMADOR 4 was not in the auction, but was at SICAB competing in the show jumping and placed 4th with a very substantial rider on his back. AMADOR’s classic PRE stature and movement impressed me very much, as well as his jumping capabilities, and I was able to negotiate a very reasonable price for him through the owner. The auction itself was an amazing experience which I thoroughly enjoyed and at which I had great success. It was wonderful to see all the horses so professionally displayed and ridden. I happily managed to secure the purchase of all three horses that I bid on. After the auction, TAMARINDA’s half brother by INEDITO won SICAB Champion 2006! In less than a month I had all four horses at our yard safe and sound. Both AMADOR and OCULTO have been very easy to handle when covering mares. FAQUIR’s calificado status allows us to use AI, which we have chosen to limit him to. This year our three mares all produced strikingly beautiful bay foals sired by him. In the UK we have shown mainly the stallions both in hand and ridden in either English or Spanish tack and also jumping. They have all performed amazingly well, in just 2 showing seasons they have won a number of awards.

by Amanda Blake

K-Tamarinda and Nevada, owned by Rocky Lane and bred by Klaas and Saskia Mesdag

Eleanor Tomlinson presenting Amador, owned by Yeguada Rocky Lane and bred by Y. Santa Engrancia at the BAPSH Competition

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INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS The goal of this section is to provide a space for associations throughout the world, whether or not they are linked to ANCCE, whose objective is to defend and promote the PRE.

United States: USPRE

Janne Rumbaugh, Vice-president , Victor Alvarez, Kimberly Van Kampen Boyer, President of USPRE and Maya Pou, wife of Víctor Álvarez

USPRE was formed in late 2007 to answer two critical needs for PRE owners and breeders in the United States: Firstly, an organization that was loyal to and sanctioned by ANNCE and that represented the LG in the US. Secondly, it is an organization that promoted the PRE Horse for sport competition, with an emphasis on dressage. USPRE is the only association in the United States that is totally committed to the Spanish Stud Book. Our commitment to Spain has been the impetus behind our exponential growth this first year. We currently have over 400 members. In keeping with the criteria for which it was formed, USPRE functions primarily on two levels. It assists in the registration process for US breeders of PRE horses through its association with ANCCE and ANCCE-LG. Secondly, it promotes programs that encourage the participation of PRE horses in various competitive arenas. Within the dressage community, USPRE serves to educate this community about the values and characteristics of the PRE horse. These programs include: a.Advertising in major dressage publications and programs of top-rated dressage shows. b.Articles in the same. c.High Point PRE Horse Award program in large USDFrated dressage shows throughout the country. d.Official recognition by the USDF (United States Dressage Federation) as an American organization that represents a European breed registry, and participation in the USDF All-Breeds Program, which

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gives national recognition to high scorers at all levels—national and FEI—to dressage riders of PREs that meet a certain criteria for competition. e.Sponsored dressage clinics. In February 2008, Victor Alvarez conducted a USPRE dressage clinic in Wellington FL, and in July 2008, USPRE organized a morphology and functionality clinic with Ignacio Bravo in Southern California. f. Sanctioning and support of PRE breed shows throughout the country, such as the highly successful Feria del Caballo Espanol 2008 in Los Angeles in August 2008, which was organized and sponsored in part through the efforts of USPRE. We have made the biggest strides this year in bringing together breeders throughout the country and working with ANCCE in providing LG services to them. Where we need to grow is in the number of PRE horses that are actually trained and competed in US competitions. This number is still very small, almost minute given the size of our country. However those horses that are currently competing are doing respectably or better, whether with professionals or amateurs. A second need is for ANCCE materials, specifically a publication in which our breeders can advertise and our organization can report on our activities. We are finalizing the details with ANCCE for a US distribution of El Caballo Magazine, which would answer two needs: - An established and highly-regarded publication for our membership, as mentioned above;

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Francesca Nicoletti riding Faraón

- More exposure of the equestrian and horse sport community in Spain to the American equestrian and dressage community, which is inundated with similar publications from Northern Europe, but which is relatively ignorant of the breeding and training traditions of Spain.

who support their inclusion in the arenas of the sport. No other breed organization in the United States can boast such a distinguished line-up of Honorary Board Members, including Olympians Robert Dover, Martin Schaudt, and Lendon Gray, among many other top voices in their fields.

Our strengths lie in our committed volunteer Board and a dedicated circle of PRE breeders who have supported the various efforts we’ve made over the past year with their time, their money, and their horses. A second strength is our ability to foster and promote direct access to the Stud Book administration, which has resulted in the Inscription and Revision of close to 1800 horses in 2008. Thirdly, we are endorsed and assisted by the leading American PRE Breeders and also leaders in the American dressage community, who in one way or another have worked with PREs and

Our weaknesses mostly stem from our newness. We have a large membership that spans the entire country and we are seeking better ways to communicate with all of them and to plan events in which we can meet all of the members face-to-face. The dominant sport horse breeds in the United States are those of the various warmblood registries of Northern Europe. These breeds, ie, Hanoverians, KWPN, Rheinlander, Danish, etc., have all but replaced the English Thoroughbred horse in the Jumping, Eventing, Dressage, and Hunt arenas of the US. For pleasure

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Janne Rumbaugh, Vice-president of USPRE

riding, the American Quarter Horse and the Arabian horse are far and away the biggest registries. The PRE Horse is still an exotic minority in these circles. At USPRE, we believe and promote the PRE horse as a competitive alternative to the warmblood for the sport of Dressage, and we can cite the overall ride-ability and soundness of mind of the PRE horse as a pleasure horse of the utmost luxury. The PRE is still vastly unknown in the United States. While the average horse owner will have heard of the “Andalusian”, their recollection of such is of a small baroque-styled horse with lots of hair and characteristically eccentric movement. The modern incarnation of the PRE sport horse is hardly known, even in dressage circles, and is often confused with the Lusitano (which has been marketed successfully in the US by Brazilian breeders as a cheaper alternative to the warmblood). It is safe to say that all who see a well-bred PRE cannot help but be impressed with

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its beauty, character and temperament. However, within dressage circles, it has only been in the past five years or so that well-bred and well-trained PREs have received any kind of recognition or approval, and this on an individual basis. The success of the Spanish Team in Athens in 2004 produced a certain amount of interest, but the mind of the American dressage community is quick to follow the German lead and slow to change. Only a top-ranked rider achieving nationally recognized success will bring about complete acceptance here—and this is true for our breed throughout the world. Several young horses are being trained currently by top-ranked riders and the next few years should bring about a higher profile at the Grand Prix for the PRE. On the development side, the PRE horse that is bred in America is improving vastly through the breeding of not only morphology champions, but now performance champions as well. Southern California between San

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Diego and Los Angeles has the largest concentration of PRE horses and breeders, the second largest concentration is Florida, followed by Texas. The breeding tradition in Southern California is rich in old and coveted PRE lines and the breeders themselves are knowledgeable and generous sources for continuing improvement of the American PRE horse. The increase in the quality and training of our horses born on US soil coupled with the high costs of purchasing and shipping while the US dollar has weakened against the Euro has resulted in a dramatic reduction of PRE imports from Spain. Nevertheless, the American PRE product has begun to win open breed sport horse competitions, participate in national awards programs, and achieve national ranking in open competition against the top warmbloods in the country. The growth in the North American market for PRE horses comes from the sector composed of riders—of both dressage and pleasure—who are desirous of noble, safe, and performance-worthy horses. In spite of, or maybe due to, its rarity, a young PRE is much more expensive than its warmblood or quarterhorse counterparts. The morphology circuit here in the US has established a price floor that reflects the high value of this breed as an object of beauty and pleasure, and if the horse exhibits gaits that are conducive to competitive dressage, the price will go higher. A PRE horse with a consistent show record is even more expensive. Because so few PREs with good basic training and an accomplished show record become available on the market, those that are for sale are much more expensive than the warmbloods, which are common and everyday. In the US, the market consists of two kinds of buyers—breeders/riders who participate in morphology shows and exhibitions, and dressage riders. By most accounts, 2008 has been a slow year in horse sales due to the state of the US economy. Historically, the market in the morphology circuit has always been healthy and based upon the bloodlines of champions in Spanish and US breed shows. The newest market is the dressage market and it is safe to say that there

are not enough young horses going under saddle currently to satisfy the demand, particularly of the adult amateur dressage rider. As I mentioned earlier, eventual acceptance of the PRE horse within the professional dressage community will dramatically influence the market, both for the US and for Spain, and this will only happen after celebrity riders do well internationally on PRE horses. Within the amateur dressage market, the factors that are prohibitive are simply supply and price. As for the morphology community, there is a need for better education about the dressage world and its demands, as most breeders would like to break into the sport horse market and the high prices that such animals bring. Furthermore, morphology competitions in the US are expensive and difficult to manage, and yet the PRE industry can only grow as a result of more shows. Perhaps now that ANCCE is located here in the US, there would be assistance available for the promotion of regional morphology competitions as well as dressage clinics featuring the PRE horse and its internationally recognized riders. As USPRE looks to the future, things look very bright. As the excitement for the PRE Horse grows, so does our membership. Our increased presence in the breed shows and competitions at the highest levels is increasing awareness and better understanding of the world’s newest and fastest developing sport horse breed. Furthermore, we are excited to announce the establishment of a first-ever three-day program entitled USPRE EXPO 2009, developed and underwritten by the generous support of Jesus Jiminez, Alexander Zilo, and others. It will be held in May 2009 in Industry Hills, California and consist of clinics, educational opportunities, seminars, a horse auction, and evening exhibitions. USPRE EXPO 2009 is an entirely new concept in the promotion of the PRE Horse and USPRE is pleased to make this event, and others, available to the larger equestrian community.

www.ancce.com SCORE SHEET Judge: Luis Lucio Extremities and limb alignment of the forelimb Note: 6

ANCCE

For me, the score in “extremities and limb alignment of the forelimb” is one of those that require both a static analysis (at halt) and a dynamic one (in movement).

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SCORE SHEET Judge: Álvaro Cabrera Extremities and limb alignment of the forelimb Note: 5,75 Visión frontal: According to the photograph, you can see: Front view: Limb alignment: It is characterized by being splay footed, the pasterns are slightly out of true.

Limbs: The musculature and bone appear to be acceptable, although to know this for a fact, it would be necessary to know the volume of body that these must support. The left hoof is overlywide, with deformation on its interior base.

In the absence of that dynamic analysis, my opinion is partial, and could change following the analysis of the limb when on the move, of how the joints flex and of the trajectories drawn by each part of the limb.

You can see an A-symmetry with regards to the angle of the left hoof, when compared to its pastern and the right leg; the right forelimb appears to be slightly out of true and the left is bow kneed.

In addition to evaluating the conformation of the various parts of the limbs, you must analyze the paths followed when moving, from the front, side and behind. This then gives a clear idea of the true conformation, in practice, and not only a momentary visual appreciation of the structure.

In the static analysis I find that the forelimbs: • There is a general lack of consistency in the joints, and the structures are somewhat weak. • In the side view: the structure has a general slight vertical deviation (over at the knee).

The left forelimb presents indications of over at the knee. Side View: Limb alignment: Camped under, with a tendency towards being over at the knee, due to the metacarpal-cannon bone appearing camped under still more.

The cannon bone is smaller in length and volume than it should be to be in proportion with the forearm. You can also see in the side view, that the hooves are poorly shaped and that the left limb is over at the knee.

The original score would be clearly below my ”standard” score: 6.00.

Limbs: The knee is not well defined and inclining towards being flat.

• In the front view: the structure has a general deviation from the vertical, the knees bending inwards, especially in the left forelimb, where it bends to the inside at the fetlock, a serious faulty and there is a tendency towards bow knees. I can imagine that the movement would be clearly affected by this structure and this analysis should be confirmed on the move.

In the hoof-pastern axis, the angle of the pastern is broken forward from that of the hoof, the angle of the hoof being less than that of the pastern.

• Álvaro Cabrera • Luis Lucio JUDGES :

AMUSEMENT

Do you agree with the judge? SOLUTION

ASSOCIATIONS AGRACAB ORGANIZES A GALA DINNER HONORING MIGUEL ÁNGEL CÁRDENAS OSUNA The Granada Association of PRE Breeders, AGRACAB, organized a Gala dinner for PRE breeder, Miguel Ángel Cárdenas Osuna, on the 25th of October at the AG Granda Palace Hotel, honoring for his unconditional support and solidarity with the City of Granada.

Miguel Ángel de Cárdenas Osuna

APREA ORGANIZED THE FIRST WORKSHOP DEDICATED TO CARRIAGE DRIVING This past October 5th, APREA—faithful to its philosophy to promote the PRE and breeder knowledge about the various disciplines where they may compete or enjoy this beautiful animal—held their first Carriage Driving Clinic at Ganadería La Choza.

and owner of the aforementioned stud farm, gave the class. Upon the conclusion of the event, participants enjoyed a tasty paella. Based on the success of this first clinic, the Association is planning a Dressage Clinic for November.

The clinic was cost free for APREA members. José Carmelo Vicente Úbeda, member of the Association

Lunch for participants at the clinic

Driving Workshop

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ANCCE

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NEW BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR APREA APREA

Board of Directors

After two years, the Alicante PRE Horse Breeders’ Association (APREA) held its General Assembly. During the meeting, and having listened to the presentations by the three candidates, according to the order of the day, they proceeded to elect the Board of Directors. Following the voting by over 90% of the members, Diego Díez Maciá was elected as the new president, by a clear majority.

PRESIDENT: Diego Diez Macia VICE-PRESIDENT: Antonio José Bellido Alonso SECRETARY:

The main priorities of this new Board include the creation of equestrian encounters, forums and conformation competitions and activities that reinforce the world of the horse, as well as advice and training for riders, breeders and everyone involved in the equestrian world.

Javier Baile Sempere

Other initiatives include the organization and promotion of various fairs, collaborating with the municipalities of the province, which organize these equestrian events. One of the main challenges is to consolidate Equina Costablanca, which, after not celebrating the event in eight years, it was once again held last June, for the second time, thanks to the zeal of this young association. It has become one of the Trade Fairs of reference dedicated to the horse within Spain.

Antonio Nieto Ruiz

MEMBERS: Ana Palacios Ajuria Antonio Berenguer Hurtado Cándido Jaime Pérez Bru Manuel Ortuño Marcos Francisco Sanmartín Maciá José Francisco Gómez Maciá

He will be accompanied by the following people:

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STUD FARM

Publicity - Report

THE MOST ACCLAIMED STUD FARM IN MEXICO

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Best Stud Farm in Mexico 2008

is the only stud farm outside of Spain with 100% Escalera bloodlines, from Mª. Fernanda De La Escalera, which has placed the stud farm in a unique position. It also offers the American market horses that boast extraordinary quality and are extremely functional, from this magnificent genetic bloodline.

We invite you to visit our facilities in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, or on our web-site www. ganaderiahermanosfavier.com. We are delighted to speak with you.

Ganadería Hermanos Favier has the best black and bay colts and fillies of Escalera bloodlines available in America, at very competitive dollar prices.

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HERMANOS FAVIER

GANADERIA

INFORMATION AND SALES: Informaci贸n y Ventas:

ListMaquilas of stallionsde available nuestros

sementalesJalisco, disponibles Guadalajara, Mexico Guadalajara, Jalisco M茅xico www.ganaderiahermanosfavier.com www.ganaderiahermanosfavier.com jjfavier@ganaderiahermanosfavier.com TEL. +011 5252 (33) 1136.5537 TEL. 011 (33) 1136.5537 jjfavier@ganaderiahermanosfavier.com

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COMPETITION CALENDAR Conformation Competitions

November

Date

Competition

Location

Country

29 / X – 1 / XI

ECU ROCÍO 2008

EL ROCÍO (HUELVA)

Spain

6 – 9 / XI

EQUI VERONA 2008

VERONA

Italy

14 - 15 / XI

III FERIA DEL CABALLO DE PURA RAZA ESPAÑOLA

MANAGUA

Nicaragua

25 – 30 / XI

SICAB

SEVILLA

Spain

5 - 8 / XII

EQUINOVAL 2008

VALLADOLID

Spain

December M

For more information about the Conformation Calendar for the ANCCE Cup and the Young Horse Circuit to be held in 2008, consult the ANCCE web at: www.ancce.com