INTRODUCTION
GOVERNMENTAL QUARTER 1/33 ANDERS S. EIDE
THE FLOWERBED
DOWNSCALING SYMBOLS OF POWER AND ACTIVATING DESERTED PUBLIC SPACE
INTRODUCTION
The site of the Governmental Quarter is considered a substantial and important urban space in the connection between east and west of Oslo. Though the situation post 22.07.11 is substantially different from earlier years, the site has a great potential as a continuation of the mixed-program surrounding areas. This project tries to reinterpret the idea of the power-structure as something iconic, big and dominant. By downscaling the typologies and making both the buildings and the space partially accessible to the public, the area will hopefully be a less attractive target. The whole area is blocked of from cars, only official cars and emergency units can pass through the checkpoints in north and east. The pedestrianization of the area is thought of as a important quality of the project, but also as a increase of potential natural surveillers. The area is clearly defined by its outer perimeter, but will hopefully create the feeling of safe surroundings for its users when on the inside. By splitting up the necessary volumes to smaller, lower buildings, the identity of the area changes. Tactile materials like bricks are re-used as the main material in the complex, but with variations and added supplementary materials like concrete and zinc. The streets and plazas created between the buildings are activated by introducing public first floor programs like bakeries, cafĂŠs, bike shops, retail and copy centers. These added functions contribute to the demystification of the governmental programs. The combination of lowrise buildings, commonly used materials and public programs are thought of as means to de-legitimize and decrease the symbolic value of the quarter. The main security actions can be broken down in three key points: 1. No cars running through 2. Buildings, water features and vegetation functions as standoff measures 3. The office programs are dynamic and always changing. This means that each ministry changes their location from day to day, creating an uncertainty and raising the bar for success for potential culprits. The project both accepts and denies certain risks. The proved effectiveness of a car bomb is humanly and economically devastating, and is thereby not accepted. The risk of a more low scale but still harmful threats like bag bombs, or street shoot-outs are accepted, but to a certain degree dealt with by adding good light and creating few blind-spots. The added programs stretches the hours of the day with human presence, and thereby helps securing the area at night.
LEGENDS 01
Photo from R4 17.10.2013. The zinc, bricks, bushes and iron fence creates a dramatic contrast to the chip-wood plate covering the blown out window. The atmosphere created by the low-key, matte, warm materials is a quality this project seeks to maintain.
EXPENDITURES POST 22.07.2011
Policeinvestigation
Refurbishment Oslo court house
Judges+security guards
Digital transmission to external courts
Defendants
Counselers
Travel & accomodation witnesses
Physcologists&Translators
Economical support victims, victims family etc.
Cleaning of the Governmental Quarter
Temporary premises
New Governmental Quarter
Anders Behring Breivik prison expences
Removing the roses from Domkirken
Department of urban environment Oslo
Other municipalities
Hospitals Helse-Norge Region Ă˜st
Other
TOTAL COST=15,4 Bn NOK
SHIFT OF HORIZON
GOVERNMENTAL QUARTER 3/33
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By removing the h-block the line of the horizon is lowered. The target is less visible and shadows created by buildings have less impact. Picture taken between the Trinity Church and Deichmanske.
CONTEXT+ TYPOLOGIES
GOVERNMENTAL QUARTER 5/33
STRATEGY FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS
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Demloished buildings
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Sold buildings
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Kept buildings
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Bought buildings
EVOLUTION OF VILLAGE TYPOLOGIES
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Dense, low
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More open, office typologies, common program typologies
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Tilted walls give greater daylight qualities to the streets and lower offices
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Combination of pitched roof typologies, creates a enclosed courtyard
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Low typologies, wider streets, inner courtyards and roof terraces
DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING
GOVERNMENTAL QUARTER 7/33
DIGITALIZING PUBLIC SERVICES
People using/not using internet to communicate with the state
State services digitalized/not digitalized
Age 64-75 using/not using internet
People using/not using internet every day
Age 16-74 with access/no access to internet at home
I feel/don`t feel the government is wasting resources
DYNAMIC LARGE Ministry of Justice and Public Security Ministry of Education and Research Ministry of Finance Ministry of Health and Care Services Ministry of Government Administration, Ministry of Children, Equality and Social Inclusion Ministry of Labour Ministry of Trade and Industry Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development
MEDIUM Ministry of Petroleum and Energy Ministry of Agriculture and Food Ministry of Transport and Communication Ministry of Culture Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal affairs Office of the Prime Minister
STATIC Government Administration Services Museum of Collected Governmental Art
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Neighborhood strategy The offices will be arranged as open landscapes with an undercoverage of 10%. This means that the different departments could move between the different quarters(marked in colors), creating a positional system difficult to monitor for potential culprits.
To make this possible, no documents functions as temporary storage from can be left at the desks when leaving day to day for the employees. When you leave you send a locked box with for the day. The government has a “less paper� plan, and combining this your belongings down a dedicated elwith the fact that more and more official evator leading to a system of conveyor belts ending in a central archive. services are digitalized, it could be a The moment you`re ID-card is detected feasible solution.(See statistics next page) A massive archive underground in the first floor checkpoint of the building you`re inhabiting that day, the box is shipped back.
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MONDAY
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TUESDAY
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WEDNESDAY
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FRIDAY
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SATURDAY
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SUNDAY
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THURSDAY
SHIFT OF HORIZON ISOMETRIC FROM NORTH-WEST
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Car checkpoint North
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Entrance parking garage.
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Standoff measure, water feature
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Standoff measure, oversized flower bed
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Standoff measure, park of oversized flowerbeds
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Standoff measure, retractable bollards, allowing emergency vehicles to enter on the double bike lane
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Open first floors creates a lighter visual impact
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Standoff measure, water feature
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Standoff measure, oversized flower bed
GOVERNMENTAL QUARTER
PLAN & PROGRAMMATIC DIAGRAMS
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Diagrams showing the combination of governmental and public programs.
NIGHTTIME LIGHTING SCHEME
The stereo-programming of the area leads to longer hours with people present. Light from first-floor services and streetlights create few hiding places and possibilities for surprise attacks.v
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GOVERNMENTAL QUARTER
PLAN & PROGRAMMATIC DIAGRAMS
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Diagrams showing the combination of governmental and public programs.
SECTION TOWARDS WEST
The cityfloor creates a fake terrain towards north(right of the picture), leaving space underground for the massive archive of official affairs.
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SECTION TOWARDS WEST PART1
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The G-block is turned in to a public museum of the some 3000 works of art previously held in the offices and private spaces for the dignitaries. The inner courtyards are opened up, allowing large amounts of daylight to enter the exhibition rooms without to much direct sunlight.
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The large plaza is held as open as possible with only a large curved surface on one of the sides. This curve is accompanied by a large bench, allowing great masses of people to sit at the same time.
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SECTION TOWARDS WEST PART2
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The archive of official affairs is situated under building no. 14. The inner courtyard of the building creates a skylight for the archive tree stories underneath.
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A heliostat in the center of a domed ceiling reflects the daylight and spreads it thorughout the room.
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Box loading central
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HELIOSTAT IN THE ARCHIVE
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The space underground is organized around the dome opening up towards the sky. Daylight is spread out via the heliostat and the mirrored ceiling.
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DEICHMANSKE PLAZA
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GOVERNMENTAL QUARTER
The Deichmanske Library is given back the space it had before Erling Viksjøs builds, and buildings facing the plaza holds public first floor programs.
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Despite the libraries opening hours, the plaza is activated throughout the night by cafés and restaurants.
SECTION TOWARDS WEST PART3
GOVERNMENTAL QUARTER
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STREETLIFE UP NORTH
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The bike lane running through the area is given importance through signs and materials. The city floor changes between street, threshold and bike lane.
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The stairs running between buildings are made as wide as the streets they`re running from. Flowerbeds with vegetation creates shadowed seating. The stair is not a mere mean of upwards transportation, but a space with its own qualities.
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rows of benches along the bike lanes is seen as one of the most important features for stopping people just passing through the area.
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EXEMPLIFICATION BUILDING NO.2
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A large reception area with meeting space for external guests is placed in the lower floor, so guests only have to pass through one entry point.
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The top floor is partially open landscape, partially closed offices for the head of the ministry and their closest staff.
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Bike parking
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The open landscape has several small phone- and meeting rooms placed around in each floor.
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The desks placed along the road-facade has been pulled in to create som distance in case of a blast. All employees in the outer line are also facing inwards towards the courtyard.
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The server room is placed facing inwards, making it less accessible to intruders.
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Tunnels connecting all the 20 buildings of the area.
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Wide streets between the buildings allows for a large flow of people, at the same time as vehicles can pass, or temporary security measures put up in case of an increase in threat level.
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Over the tunnel the semi-automated archive system has its tracks.
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Open courtyards brings daylight in to the offices, at the same time as office-spaces with a higher need of discretion can be placed facing inwards.
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Book shop with extra reinforced walls and roof towards the governmental programs. 40 cm slabs of situ casted concrete would stand against a 7.62 mm armor-piercing round without any problems.
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The roof terraces for the workers surrounds the courtyard creating intimate outdoor spaces withdrawn from street life.
BEFORE/AFTER AKERSGATA
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Montage showing security strategies Present day/future
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The wide water feature creates standoff from the reopened Akersgata while adding recreational qualities.
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On the two bridges passing the river, there are oversized flowerbeds adding greenery to a grey street ,while strong enough to withstand a ramming vehicle. By increasing the size of the flowerbed they become landscape features instead of objects in space.
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The flowerbeds tilts from 1.2m to 0 inwards towards the plaza. This creates a variety of possibilities of informal seating.
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