ANDRES JIMENEZ UNDERGRADUATE ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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6
10
14
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DYNAMIC POROSITY
THESIS, PART 2
INTERMODAL HUB
EUROPE TRAVEL
LIGHT FROM ABOVE
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24
28
30
32
BRIGHT FUTURES
DISASTER RELIEF HOUSING
2028 OLYMPIC PLAZA
HOMO-HUMUS-HUMANITAS
RESEARCH FACILITY
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40
42
46
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INTROSPECTIVE CHAPEL
URBAN VILLAGE
MOUNTAIN SHELTER
HEADSTART PLAYGROUND
OTHER WORKS
DYNAMIC POROSITY
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5th YEAR
Thesis A dynamic porosity allows a space between two other spaces to overlap both visually and physically with other interstices. The two end spaces include the user at one end and the extent of view or access on the other. For example, in a courtyard a user on ground level looking at the sky will look through the same space between a user on a third floor looking across to their neighbor. The use of specially designed elements can tailor both visual and physical access independently and simultaneously.
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Program Low income and small scale living housing modules serve as components to form the spaces between. These units are designed to be 55 square meters with consideration and full accommodation of a family up to four in low income shantytowns.
Open Spaces Different planes of visual access intersect with each other and tailor sight lines, horizontal circulation, and vertical light.
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THESIS, PART 2 MEDELLIN, COLOMBIA IN PROGRESS
5th YEAR
Thesis In the setting of an unplanned urban community, rising densities result in an overtaking of accessible or shared spaces to make private dwellings. This density has a negative impact on the health, security, and on the overall dignity of a person. A greater level of external connectivity allows for interaction with people, sunlight, transportation, and furthermore knowledge, education, and opportunities.
IN-BETWEEN SPACES ACCESSIBLE PLANES
SOLID SPACES INHABITABLE SPACES
Access to the Community In a mountainous region, the main form of public transport is by gondola. In previously isolated communities where gondola stations were implemented, the rate of crime drastically dropped and opportunities for the residents rose. Access to the community is the first step. Access within the Community To avoid the stacking of housing units and the blocking of light, air, and interaction that is often seen in slum neighborhoods, the sun, site topography, and arrangement of units are considered. Clear areas of circulation and shared spaces accommodate the density of the area more efficiently and comfortably.
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Medellin Social Housing In a rapidly growing city such as Medellin, the periphery of the mountains are growing into dense unplanned communities. The government attempts to remedy the low standard of living by providing social housing to the residents in exchange for the land their dwelling is built on. The land is then used to develop planned and taxable areas. Although the provided housing is equipped with various amenities, the design is often stale. ALTITUDE 9,000+ ft. PEAK
7,700 ft.
5,588 ft. SITE 5,350 ft.
4,854 ft. CITY CENTER
2006 - UNPLANNED CITY EXPANSION
2015 - MAJOR HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTED
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screen opacity
clay tiles
Access per Person For a dwelling unit and in other programs, it is desired that the access be different for the people inside as it is for the people outside. A screen system can tailor the levels of light, sight, and physical access. In the examples of an enclosed community or gondola station, it is not necessary to create heavy walls to separate inside an out. A screen can provide both transparency and enclosure. Access to Material The screens can be easily in made out of clay or guadua, a species of bamboo. The materials are durable and very prevalent in the region of Colombia. The residents of these communities often have inconsistent time periods of work and would be able to produce the elements of their own communities.
bamboo
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Levels of Access
PHYSICAL- The ability to personally interact with elements
NON-TACTILE- Sensory connection without physical access
NONE- Inaccessible
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INTERMODAL HUB CHICAGO, IL Partner Project
4th YEAR
Design Challenge Create a hyperlocal, yet regionally connected mixed-use market and microunit residences. Connect the programs to the adjacent transit center for bus, subway, and train to create a catalyst for the Jefferson Park neighborhood in Chicago. Design Concept The project approaches the site and programmatic requirements from both architectural and urban planning points. In a neighborhood with several vacancies, the project takes the original site expands it into vacant buildings that present opportunity for greater integration of a mixed use market and residential units with existing nodes of interest.
Grade School [1]
Adults Elderly K-12 Youths Families RESIDENTS College Students VISITORS Young Professionals Commuters Tourists Immigrants
Transportation [2] Public Services [8] Restaurant [16] Bar [3] Goods [12] Services [43] Office [5] Apartment [40] House [1045]
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Residential Unit [300]
College [1]
Residential Unit [300]
Communal Area [...] INFRASTRUCTURE
FOOD
Prepared Foods [...] CONNECT
Communal Area [...]
Multi-Use Room [...]
Market [1]
Coffee Bar [1]
RECREATION
Restaurant [1]
SOCIAL
Bar [1]
BUSINESS RESIDENTIAL
Gallery [1]
Market [1]
PRIVATE
RETAIL
Movie Theatre [1]
Prepared Foods [...]
Cooking Classroom [2] ADD
ENTERTAINMENT EDUCATION
Live Theatre [2]
Gym [1] PUBLIC
Gym [1]
Coffee Bar [1]
Movie Theatre [1] Multi-Use Room [...]
Cooking Classroom [2]
Gallery [1]
Park [5]
Restaurant [1] Bar [1]
Art[1]
Programatic Analysis With such a dynamic range of function, we began by analyzing the relationship between all the functions and the people involved. Site Analysis With such a dynamic range of function, we began by analyzing the relationship between all the functions and the people involved. In addition, we looked at the current site condition and identified separated islands of activity and buildings a vacancy where we saw opportunity.
Platform for Growth In analyzing the current conditions, it is easy to limit the scope of thinking to a proposed project, but in reality an architectural intervention will have ripple effects and set up conditions for further city growth.
5 Years After Completion
10 Years After Completion
15 Years After Completion
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Proposed Bridge Using the vacant buildings and identified areas of disconnection, a bridge would cut across the neighborhood and extend to reach significant parks on either end. This connection happens at different levels. Literal bridges suspend above areas inaccessible to pedestrians, while being at ground level to meet the city center.
Nodes Across the bridge, three nodes represent a cluster of either residential units, retail space, or a combination of both. The main site is situated next to an intermodal hub of buses, trains, pedestrian, and vehicular traffic.
13 250 ft2
25 ft 14 ft
10 ft
294 ft
21 ft
The honeycomb shape allows for efficient stacking of multiple units and maximization of space inside.
Market The market is laid out in segmented stands similar to a farmer’s market. A high interior space supports this idea, and also allows connection with residential units around the periphery. Micro Units The units across the nodes of the project are each of either 300 or 600 square feet. This size prompts a consideration of shared and useful spaces throughout the proposed project.
5 ft
2
10 ft
20 ft
20 ft
320 ft2
260 ft2
10 ft
260 ft2
21 ft
Multiple combinations of cells allow for different apartments, even though all are about the same size.
10 ft
6 ft
10 ft
Multpile stories could also give an apartment more volume and separation of spaces.
6 ft
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EUROPE TRAVEL WESTERN EUROPE
4th YEAR
Experience Over the course of three months, we traveled and researched European architecture, history, city planning, culture, and construction in over 50 cities in nine countries throughout Western Europe. Projects visited encompassed a complete range of history and scales. Focus I focused specifically on analyzing natural lighting as a strategy in architecture, the technology that permits it, and the effect it has on spaces.
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LIGHT FROM ABOVE BLACKSBURG, VA
3rd YEAR
Design Challenge Design a church, along with spaces for supplemental religious functions, to replace the current Luther Memorial Lutheran Church. Design Concept A church should be an emotionally-provoking comfortable and inspiring space to host both individual reflection and community worship. This space is created through comfortably modest sized spaces which are only extended through a connection between sanctuary and sky, and its religious significance. Through this decision the building can be grounded and set within the terrain, and acts as part of the earth.
17 classroom
assistant pastor office classroom
pastor office large group gathering space/ library
classroom
closet
storage
mechanical [+geothermal heat system]
reception space
choir
living room W
M organ pipes
library sacristy
M
fellowship hall
mechanical [+water catchment system]
W
cistern 5000 gal
cistern 5000 gal
kitchen
storage
prayer/ meditation
horizontal geothermal loop
18 Live Roof + Skylight
SUMMER WIND
1. sedum plants 2. growing medium 3. drainage layer 4. waterproof membrane 8 5. insulation 6. metal roof deck + 9 poured concrete 10 7. steel structure 11 8. skylight slope 1/4� per foot 9. bronze panel 10. coarse sand 11. rock mulch
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
L
G
Geothermal Heat Pump
WINTER WIND
Subterranean Does Not Mean Dark In evaluating the tiers of sustainability - building design, passive system, and mechanical systems - the subterranean church is designed with considerations to sun , wind, rain, and earth temperatures, as well as with passive mechanical systems.
J
I
A. Ground loop B. Pump C. Evaporator D. Refrigerant Loop E. Reversing Valve F. Compressor G. Condenser H. Expansion Valve I. Radiant Loop J. Return Air K. Blower L. Supply Air
K
G
E F
H
D B
C
A
Water Catchment System 1. Filter 2. Inlet 3. Floating Intake 4. Overflow Siphon 5. Infiltration 6. Integration Controller 7. Electronic Pump Control 8. Pump 9. Pressure Tank 10. Water for toilets
Estimate the water needs for flushing toilets. 4
5
10
Water usage per day (toilets) 1.6 1 70 112.0 40,880
Determine the cistern capacity.
1
3
Gal/flush Flushes/cd # occupants Usage per day Usage per year (gal)
Cistern capacity(gal)
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6
2
8
9
Days in dry period usage/day Capacity(gal)
90.00 112 10,080
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skylight slope 1/4” per foot
sedum plants growing medium drainage layer waterproof membrane insulation metal roof deck + poured concrete steel structure
bronze panel coarse sand rock mulch
1/4”=1’0”
live roof site poured concrete metal deck
extruded polystyrene insulation
concrete roof metal roof deck
perforated metal ceiling panels
1/2” dia. steel cables W section steel beam
cruciform steel columns @ 20’ oc reinforced site cast concrete wall
backfill extruded polystyrene filter fabric waterproof membrane perforated drain pipe coarse gravel concrete slab vabor barrier gravel
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BRIGHT FUTURES BLACKSBURG, VA 3rd Place CEFPI Competition Winner
3rd YEAR
Design Challenge The new elementary school for 800 students will be one of the few STEM elementary schools in the region, and will feature student-driven, real- world, project-based learning where the teacher is the facilitator. The building is organized around the diagram of the holistic student, which is broken down into Healthy Leadership, Healthy Eating, Healthy Body, and Healthy Mind. Formal and informal learning spaces are provided throughout the entire building and campus to provide a variety of areas (interior and exterior) where students can collaborate in small groups, participate in peer-to-peer learning or engage in individual learning.
Programmatic Requirements The building should total about 94,252 square feet, to be divided amongst predetermined programming including classroom, extension, special education, counseling, administration, media center, gymnasium, support, health service, restrooms, food, community service, receiving and maintenance, and circulation space. In addition, the site must also accommodate buses, cars, parking and circulation, outdoor athletic fields (soccer, baseball, basketball and tennis) and outdoor education.
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Design Concept The project served as an opportunity to explore five different methods of daylighting spaces. Although the site did not orient ideally for daylighting, the building was designed to optimize light and productivity based on the function of the space and its light requirements. A classroom which provides daylight as opposed to electric lighting has been shown to have positive effects in student and teacher health, morale, and memory retention which in turn cause for a more effective education. The natural effects of sunlight cannot be replicated artificially. Careful planning of day lighting in educational spaces makes for a more sustainable building also exposing and influencing the students into thinking about the sustainability pedagogically.
Entrance
Cafeteria
Classroom
Predicting, controlling, and dispersing natural sunlight through ceiling and wall conditions.
Hallway
Atrium
Pick-up/Drop-off and Parking Bus Loop Entrance and Administration Larger Learning/ Community Areas Classrooms/Collaboration Outdoor Space
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3:30pm
9am
December
September
June
transparent oculus above
SOUTH FACING WINDOWS AND SCREEN TAKE ADVANTAGE OF DIRECT SUNLIGHT. 1. Double screen system keeps direct sun and heat out in warmer months and allows winter light in. 2. Flooring has thermal mass to collect heat from winter rays to make for a mores sustainable and comfortable setting. 3. Screen aperture design maximizes opacity and views according to both the scale of an adult and an elementary school student.
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30000 lux
Pre-heating air and creating useful outdoor classroom space.
1200 lux
Light Monitors with baffles disperse and diffuse light evenly across the entire classroom, unlike lighting in traditional classrooms.
Monitors bring light deep to back of classroom
SMART Board wall shielded from direct sun Naturally lighted nook for reading Glazing sized based on orientation and exposure
700 lux
400 lux
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DISASTER RELIEF NEW ORLEANS, LA
Design Challenge Architecture is often thought as a slow and deliberate process. Sometimes, as in the case of natural disasters, housing and essential services have to “make do� with what they can work with. It is not until a while after that until permanent housing, rebuilding, and reestablishment take place. The task is to take a pre-designed building and then adapt it in a way that it can easily transform from a temporary shelter into a permanent dwelling. Site The site is an unspecified area to treat New Orleans, though the project should consider adaptability for anywhere disaster relief housing may be needed. Programmatic Requirements The given shelter is built with a system of 4x8 ft structural insulated panels (SIPs). The initial unit is 16 x 20 ft. 10 floor panels and 20 wall panels. This system allows for variation within itself through the use of interchangeable panels, but it also accepts traditional building forms as well. The building must include 3 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms, storage/ closet space, kitchen, dining, and living room. It may also include a garage, porch, and outdoor living spaces.
2nd YEAR
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original SIP shelter
Design Concept With the idea that this project is being used for relief housing in a hot and humid climate, such as New Orleans, the house should respond to the climate and accept ventilation and indirect light for a passive system while power may not be available.
diffused light
incident light
Disaster
Screen apertures orient away from the sun to shield from direct radiant heat and to diffuse intense outdoor light indoors.
Clean Up
Families Areas displaced to cleaned for temporary temporary shelters shelters on home sites
Resettlement
Temporary shelters expanded or replaced to permanent dwellings
designed screens
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W/D
REF.
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The building envelope opens to receive ventilation and sunlight for daytime functions and closes to adapt to the evening and night environment.
The building responds to both intentional and uncontrollable factors
The house is divided into two parts; private and social. Like a spool with ribbon, the screen comes out delicately from the private and provides lightness to the social.
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2028 OLYMPIC PLAZA AMSTERDAM
2nd YEAR
Design Challenge Design and define the Olympic Cultural Plaza at the heart of the Amsterdam 2028 Olympic Park to serve as a lively interaction point for the public, both during and after the Games. Programmatic Requirements The plaza should include an amphitheater for 1000 people that serves as a viewing platform for both the stage area and recurring water events, such as SAIL Amsterdam. The plaza should function as a tram, pedestrian and bicycle crossing point, have a welcoming atmosphere and be a setting for recreation, relaxation and public art. Design Concept The event of the Olympics is temporary, but through creating programmatic architecture, the site can become an opportunity for a space that is suitable for such a large event and for an expanding dynamic city. Thinking about the project in various scales of time - day, month, year, and century - programmatic architecture can not only host but also influence the growth and development of Amsterdam south of the North Sea Canal.
Plotting Site Usage by Time of Day 12
9
3
BRIDGE TO NORTH DISTRICT RESTAURANT AND OLYMPIC EXHIBITION CULTURAL CENTER
6
AM CLOCK 12
9
3
6
PM CLOCK The various programs of the site range in usability by time of day. By providing places of various activity within close proximity, the space can breathe with a constant inhale and exhale of people.
TRAM STOP
AMSTERDAM HISTORICAL MUSEUM ACCESSIBLE GREEN ROOF SKYWALK
HEALTH FACILITY
HOTEL AND APARTMENTS
OFFICES
OLYMPIC OFFICES (EXISTING)
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MALL
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HOMO-HUMUS-HUMANITAS BLACKSBURG, VA Partner Project
3rd YEAR
Design Challenge The most neglected part of architecture often pertains to the bathroom. It is often applied out of necessity without sense of connection. The current toilet buildings lack privacy and poetry. For the challenge, design accessible, thermally regulated toilet facilities for visitors to the Duck Pond. You may site your facilities at the location of either or both of the existing two buildings, demolishing or reusing whatever components you wish, or you may select another site in close proximity to the pedestrian path along the south perimeter of the Duck Pond. Design Concept The building is designed to be interconnected between every layer. It is common to think of privacy as a cut-off, but the bathroom has spacial connectedness while maintaining visual privacy. In such a small space, the same air can seem as part of a room simultaneously for two visually separated spaces. This area brings in and shares light, diffuses sound, and brings feelings interest and extension.
This building enriches the site as an addition to the existing, creating a moment to remember during a task that is often overlooked.
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Sustainability The building is designed to make use of the surrounding environment. It is built into the hillside to make use of geothermal heating, makes use of angled roof for optimal angle placement of photovoltaic panels, and collects site water in a cistern to use in the toilets.
HEART
CAMBIUM
BARK
BRANCH
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RESEARCH FACILITY PULASKI, VA 2nd Place Competition Winner Recipient of RCI Scholarship
3rd YEAR
Design Challenge Design a facility to host both experimental and educational functions pertaining to building enclosures. The participants of these activities will range from groups of students and educators; owners and builders; and architects and consultants. Programmatic Requirements The building is to accommodate about 12,000 square feet of programmed space: 6,000 sq ft of laboratory, 3,000 sq ft of classroom, 1,500 sq ft of staff, and 1.500 sq ft of visitor space. Within the programmed space, about 3,000 square feet will be occupied by walls, chases, circulation, storage, toilets, and HVAC. Parking for 10 vehicles must also be accommodated. Design Concept There are tendencies of building in an historic town to try to imitate the existing architecture and in turn create a false history. The design for this project strives to make an honest connection to the history of the town while also giving it a prospect for the future. The town boomed in the late 1800s from metal manufacturing and farming. As a research and educational facility for metal, useful modern technologies can be complimentary and advantageous to the growth and legacy of the town.
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MAIN STREET - 1800s
SITE - 1900s
SITE AND MAIN STREET - TODAY
PROPOSED FACILITY
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A
STAFF ROOM
OFFICE
B
OFFICE
LOBBY display space
M
CLASSROOM
W front desk display space
M display space
LAB open storage
CLASSROOM
CLASSROOM
LAB
W
mills lathes
welders
CNC mills
loading bay grinders
CONFERENCE CLASSROOM
A
B
35 cant strip
The roof monitor and window louvers are designed to accept sun in the winter and take advantage of the light without heat gain during summer.
gravel waterproof membrane rigid insulation 6” concrete slab 3/4” metal roof decking
aluminum panels bolt fastening system perforated metal ceiling tile
silicon seam
double pane glazing
SECTION A-A
6” concrete slab 3/4” metal roof decking
24” anodized aluminum cladding with 1” spacing DensGlass Gold sheathing
perforated metal ceiling tile
waterproof membrane rigid insulation poured reinforced concrete wall
gympsum
concrete column beyond
window frame
6” concrete slab 2” rigid insulation
SECTION B-B NORTH WALL ELEVATION
EAST ELEVATION
NORTH ELEVATION
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INTROSPECTIVE CHAPEL BLACKSBURG, VA
2nd YEAR
Design Challenge Design a contemplative space for 10-15 people for the Virginia Tech campus and Blacksburg Community. The space is to be non-denominational and a more private, rather than public service space. Site The site is located in on the academic side of campus between the architecture and sciences buildings. It is on a steep slope which is currently overtaken by junipers and trees.
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Design Concept Traditional service based chapels draw the attention forward. This project strives to draw the attention up, using heavenly light brought in by reflecting angled fins and light tubes. The sculptural piece is both vague and intriguing enough for pondering and its effect further exaggerated by the conditions of light.
SECTION A SCALE 1/8”=1’-0”
B
A
A
B
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Direct Light at Noon
Winter
Summer
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Spring
Autumn
URBAN VILLAGE
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KUNMING, CHINA
2nd YEAR
Design Challenge In this exercise you are asked to engage into the typologies of retail and residential architecture. You are asked to The goals for this exercise is to familiarize yourself with critical dimensions of both residential and retail typologies, arrange them within the given constraints of a set boundary while find a way to connect the two programs, and translate them into an architectural form. Site The site is a development located in Kunming, China. A building development must fit within the plot size constraints of a 10x20m rectangular, with no height restriction. The size of the building on this plot is about 10x12m. Streets are at both sides of the plot. No cars are allowed in the streets. Programmatic Requirements Required programs include retail and residential spaces. One retail unit must be on the ground floor and include a client entrance, shop or retail or other defined small business, storage, delivery entrance, and a bathroom. On the upper floors, two to three apartments should each include an entrance vestibule, living room, dining room, kitchen, master bedroom, master bathroom, 2 bedrooms and a bathroom.
private residential entrances
public retail entrances
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Design Concept In such a confined multipurpose building, the extent of the building must be maximized without sacrifice of either function. By tapering upward, the lower floors receive solar access while the upper floors gain balcony/ private outdoor space.
single story apartments two story apartments retail: coffee shop Third Floor
Second Floor
First Floor
Fifth Floor
Fourth Floor
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MOUNTAIN SHELTER APPALACHIAN TRAIL, VA
2nd YEAR
Design Challenge Design a shelter for the ridge of Sinking Creek Mountain that accommodates hikers on short multi-day excursions as well as thru-hikers on the Appalachian National Scenic Trail (AT). The shelter should accommodate up to 12 individuals as they sleep, socialize in the evenings, and watch the sun rise and set. Site The site is located on the ridge of Sinking Creek Mountain, on the boundary between Craig County and Montgomery County, approximately 10 miles north of Blacksburg, on private land directly adjacent to the Jefferson National Forest. It is approximately 2/3 mile off of the AT in the SW direction. The closest town is Huffman, VA. The project may exist anywhere on the given 300’ x 220’ site boundary. Programmatic Requirements The total footprint of the project should be no more than 1200 sq/ft, with no less than 600 sq/ft of covered (with an overhead plane) space and no less than 400 sq/ft of space that is enclosed on at least three sides and overhead. Site Appalachian Trail
Catawaba, VA
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Architecture, on behalf of the mountain, accepts a human to enter and seek shelter, while the vast open views accept the projecting architecture.
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45
Design Concept The building is designed to be interconnected between every layer. It is common to think of privacy as a cut-off, but the bathroom has spacial connectedness while maintaining visual privacy. In such a small space, the same air can seem as part of a room simultaneously for two visually separated spaces. This area brings in and shares light, diffuses sound, and brings feelings interest and extension.
FLOOR PLAN SCALE 3/16” = 1’-0”
SECTION A SCALE 3/16” = 1’-0”
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HEADSTART PLAYGROUND FLOYD, VA Group Project
3rd YEAR
Design Challenge Design a playground that engages physical, cognitive and social development of children in the 3-5 age group. Safety requirements, and appropriate sustainable design and construction principles should be considered. Through engagement with the Floyd Head Start Community, we will prepare a range of options for the playground, and hone them into a viable option for construction before the renovated facility opens fall of 2014. Site The site is in Floyd, VA. There is currently a playset, swings, pavilion, sandbox, and two pavilions. The site slopes gently toward the northwest corner and more steeply on the south side beyond the fence line. Programmatic Requirements The playground must include a play set with a slide, swing sets, a track for tricycles, and a pavilion for shaded activity with room for picnic tables. All the elements should be arranged so that two teachers would be within sight and sound of all the children at any given time.
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CLIMB ROLL SLIDE CHALLENGE
CLIMB HOP SLIDE
CLIMB SIT LEARN PRETEND
CHALLENGE
COOPERATE
CREATE
PLANT IMAGINE CREATE LEARN
CLIMB SLIDE CROSS GO THROUGH
LEARN SOCIALIZE
PAINT DRAW
RIDE
CROSS JUMP SIT
CLIMB HOP BALANCE IMAGINE GINE EXPLORE CRAWL HIDE
SWING S SIT
EXPLORE LEARN SOCIALIZE WALK
N S
P
I P
P C
A
P
P M
resting space walking/mild space active space children movement
CREATE DESIGN
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OTHER WORKS
“Pottery, like architecture, is a focused process of patience and deliberate intent� Watercolor - 2013
Oil - 2010
Pottery - 2014-2015
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Watercolor Analytique - 2013
andresjimenez@vt.edu