Percentage Distribution of Undergraduate Bachelors Degrees by Major (2011-2012) Communications Humanities
Business
5% 16% 21% Social and Behavioral Sciences
16%
11% Other* 8%
9% 6%
8% Natural Sciences and Math
Health Education
* Includes Agriculture and natural resources; Architecture and related services; Family and consumer sciences/human sciences; public, social and military services/technologies; Legal professions and studies; and unclassified.
Computer Sciences and Engineering
Source: National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
Creeping Upwards: Average Cost of Tuition, Fees, Room and Board at American Colleges and Universities (1965-2013) $40,000 Private Colleges and Universities $30,000 Average Cost of Tuition, Fees, Room and Board
$20,000
All Institutions Public Colleges and Universities
$10,000
$0
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1 990
1 995
2000
2005
2010
Source: National Center for Education Statistics
Correlation between higher education spending per capita, unemployment rate, and GDP per capita of some world countries (2010)
Unemployment (% of total labor force)
Relative size of bubbles correlates to GDP per capita for that country.
16%
North America Europe South America Africa
12%
Asia USA
France Italy
8%
Chile
Mexico
4%
0%
New Israel Zealand
UK Germany
Denmark
Middle East Oceania
Canada
Japan South Korea
0
$7,500
$15,000
$22,500
$30,000
Higher Education Spending as percent of GDP per capita ($)
Source: The World Bank, 2010
Education and Earnings Median annual earnings of full-time year-round workers 25 to 34 years old and full-time year-round workers as a percentage of the labor force, by sex, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment: Selected years, 1995 through 2012.
$70K Master's or higher degree
$60K
Bachelor's or higher degree
$50K
Bachelor's degree
$40K
Associate's degree Some college no degree High school completion
$30K
Less than high school completion
$20K
$10K
$0 1995
2000
2oo2
2o05
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source: National Center for Education and Statistics, 2013
Student Debt and Marriage Age A longitudinal study followed 2008 college graduates, charting the amount of their 2009 student debt with their marital/family status in 2012 Unmarried no dependent children
Unmarried with dependent children
Married no dependent children
Married with dependent children
100%
90%
Marital Status in 2012
26%
21%
18%
21%
21%
23%
22%
80%
70% 60%
25% 5%
50%
18%
5%
7%
17%
10%
4% 40%
30%
45%
53%
56%
52%
50%
20%
10% 0% $0
$1-11,599
$1,600-1,999
$20,000-34,999 $35,000 or more
Student Debt in 2009 Source: National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
Relative Distributions of Religious Orientations among University Faculty versus the General Public (2007) General Public
University Faculty Non-Evangelical Christian
22%
25%
Catholic
24%
18%
Evangelical Christian
33%
2% 11%
11%
Mormon/Other 2% Christians No Religion
1%
2% 8%
Atheist
Jewish Other
4%
14%
Don't Know/ No Answer
8%
5%
3%
10%
Source: Tobin and Weinberg, Institute for Jewish & Community Research, 2007
Political Ideology of Liberal Arts Professors: Democrat to Republican Ratios = 1 professor Anthropology
Sociology
English
History Philosophy
Political Science
Economics
Source: Cardoff & Klein, Critical Review, 2005
Humanities Majors Test Scores as compared with other Majors (2009)
Graduate School Admission Test (GRE) Mean Score by Field of Undergraduate Study (high of 680) Engineering
Math and Statistics
587
Natural Sciences
Law School Admission Test (LSAT) Mean Score by Field of Undergraduate Study (high of 180)
559
Behavioral and Social Sciences
561
9.20
Physical Sciences
9.00
Humanities
Engineering, Math, and Natural Sciences
8.83
155.92
Humanities Humanities
Medical School Admission Test (MCAT) Mean Score by Field of Undergraduate Study (high of 45)
155.37
Behavioral and Social Sciences
8.30
557
Behavioral and Social Sciences
Business
0
517
0
100
200
300
400
500
152.11
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Biological Sciences
8.33
160
Specialized Health Sciences 600
7.53
0
Source: Humanities Indicators, 2010.
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00
Job Satisfaction 10 Years After Graduation = 10%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
Source: Humanities Indicators, 2013.
College Attainment by S tate (201 0) C olle ge graduate s as a Pe rce ntage of Adult Population within S tate s
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
55%
60%
65%
70%
Source: U.S. Department of Education, 2012
College Attainment Goals 2020 C olle ge Graduate s as a Pe rce ntage of Adult Population within S tate s unde r No C hild Le ft Be hind towards a national goal of 60%.
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
55%
60%
65%
70%
Source: U.S. Department of Education, 2012
College Enrollment and Dropouts by Race (2010)
43% White College Enrollment Rate
38% White College Dropout Rate
38% Black College Enrollment Rate
32%
64%
Hispanic College Enrollment Rate
Asian College Enrollment Rate
60%
49%
31%
Black College Dropout Rate
Hispanic College Dropout Rate
Asian College Dropout Rate
Source: National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
References Figure 1 - Percent Distribution of Undergraduate Bachelor’s Degrees by Major National Center for Education Statistics. 2012. “Bachelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees conferred by postsecondary institutions, by field of study: Selected years, 197071 through 2011-12.” http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13_318.20.asp. (Accessed on December 18, 2014). Figure 2 - Creeping Tuition Costs U.S. Census Bureau. 2013. “Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates charged for full-time students in degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by level and control of institution: 1963-64 through 2012-13.” http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13_330.10.asp. (Accessed on December 19, 2014). Figure 3 - Higher Education Spending, GDP per Capita, and Unemployment The World Bank. 2010. “GDP per capita, PPP (current international $).” International Comparison Program. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD. (Accessed on December 1, 2014) The World Bank. 2010. “Expenditure per student, tertiary (% of GDP per person).” World Development Indicators. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.XPD.TERT.PC.ZS. (Accessed December 19, 2014). The World Bank. 2010. “Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate).” World Development Indicators. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS. (Accessed December 18, 2014). Figure 4 - Education and Earnings National Center for Education Statistics. 2012. “Median annual earnings of full-time year-round workers 25 to 34 years old and full-time year-round workers as a percentage of the labor force, by sex, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment: Selected years, 1995 through 2012.” http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13_502.30.asp. (Accessed on December 6, 2014). Figure 5 - Student Debt and Marriage Age National Center for Education Statistics. 2008. “Baccalaureate and Beyond Study: 2008-2012” http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/b&b/. (Accessed on December 8, 2014).
Figure 6 – Professors’ Religion Gary A. Tobin and Aryeh K. Weinberg. 2007. “Volume II: Religious Beliefs Behavior Of College Faculty.” Institute for Jewish & Community Research. http://www.jewishresearch.org/PDFs2/FacultyReligion07.pdf. (Accessed December 18, 2014). Figure 7 - Liberal Arts Professors: Democrat to Republican Ratios Christopher F. Cardiff and Daniel B. Klein. 2005. “Faculty Partisan Affiliations In All Disciplines: A Voter-Registration Study.” Critical Review. http://www.criticalreview.com/2004/pdfs/cardiff_klein.pdf. (Accessed December 18, 2014). Figure 8 - Humanities Major Scores Humanities Indicators. 2009. “Medical College Admission Test Examinees’ Fields of Undergraduate Study, 1991–2009.” http://www.humanitiesindicators.org/content/indicatordoc.aspx?i=299. (Accessed December 19, 2014) Humanities Indicators. 2009. “Law School Admission Test Mean Score,* by Examinee’s Field of Undergraduate Study, 1996–2009.” http://www.humanitiesindicators.org/content/indicatordoc.aspx?i=302. (Accessed December 19, 2014) Humanities Indicators. 2009. “Graduate Management Admission Test Examinees’ Fields of Undergraduate Study, 2000–2009.” http://www.humanitiesindicators.org/content/indicatordoc.aspx?i=297. (Accessed December 19, 2014) Figure 9 - Job Satisfaction National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). 2003. “Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study” (1993 Cohort), 2003. http://www.humanitiesindicators.org/content/indicatorDoc.aspx?i=293. (Accessed on December 19, 2014). Figure 10 - College Attainment 2010 US Department of Education. 2012. “New State-by-State College Attainment Numbers Show Progress Toward 2020 Goal.” http://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/new-statestate-college-attainment-numbers-show-progress-toward-2020-goal. (Accessed on December 3, 2014).
Figure 11 - College Attainment 2020 Projected US Department of Education. 2012. “New State-by-State College Attainment Numbers Show Progress Towards 2020 Goal.” http://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/newstate-state-college-attainment-numbers-show-progress-toward-2020-goal. (Accessed on December 4, 2014). Took the median of the range of estimates for each state. National Center for Education Statistics. 2012. “Bachelor's degrees conferred by postsecondary institutions, by field of study: Selected years, 1970-71 through 2011-12.” http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13_322.10.asp. (Accessed on December 19, 2014). Figure 12 - College Enrollment and Dropouts by Race National Center for Education Statistics. 2010. “Percentage of 18- to 24-year-olds enrolled in degree-granting institutions, by level of institution and sex and race/ethnicity of student: 1967 through 2012.” http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13_302.60.asp. National Center for Education Statistics. 2010. “National Six-Year Graduation Rates of Bachelor’s Degree–Seeking Students by Race/Ethnicity, 2010.” Graduation and Institutional Characteristics Survey. http://media.collegeboard.com/digitalServices/pdf/advocacy/policycenter/collegecompletion-agenda-2012-progress-report.pdf . (Accessed on December 19, 2014).