Saigon Chuyen - Process Book by Angie Ngoc Tran

Saigon Chuyen a cultural center of traditional & contemporary arts & crafts

table of

contents

Introduction | Project Overview Section I - Programming Precedent Analysis Site Analysis Building Feasibility Analysis Space Allocation

Section II - Schematic Development Schematic Plan Development Design Concept Development Blocking Diagrams

Section III - design Development Plan Development 3D Development Material Application Development

Section IV- conclusion Appendix Glossary Strategic Plan Bibliography

VIETNAMESE

CULTURAL CENTER

TO PRESERVE . TO INNOVATE . TO REPRESENT

Hochiminh City,VIETNAM self-isolation

25.9%

Only live in the visual world

YOUNG GENERATION

FOREIGN INFLUENCES

Follow trends and lose own heritage

2011 population by age

Saigon

Ho Chi Minh City, formerly named , is the largest city in Vietnam. It is a high-octane city of commerce and culture that has driven the whole country forward with its pulsating energy. 7.396 mil in 2010 expected to be 13.9 mil in 2025

OVERWHELMING INFORMATION Not enough sufficient knowledge to evaluate and appreciate own culture and tradition

Little exposure to arts and crafts since young age

The goals of the project are to preserve and represent the traditional Vietnamese arts and crafts and its innovative applications. At the same time, it is also to support and raise awareness of the community, engage and educate the young generations through the production process and encourage local designers, artists to contribute to the improvement of the industry.

Hopefully in a near future, the Vietnamese arts and crafts will be made known to the world. The project is a solution not only to the current challenges of one of the oldest industries in Vietnam but also to the contemporary issues of the young generations in its largest city.

indirect transaction Most of the profits go to the dealers/ art collectors

commercialized Lose the quality of craftsmanship, the traditional skills and job opportunities

repeated VIETNAMESE

Traditional

No new design Narrow the market Only found at tourists’ stores

ARTs AND CRAFTs

disappearing

Lack of the community’s appreciation toward traditional arts and crafts Low demand

SCATTERED

Lack of mutual support and community’s awareness Small scale

what needs to happen?

THE CULTURAL CENTER

facility type

location District 1

old apartment complex

- In the heart of the city - Concentration of fine arts and related activities - Favorite gathering spot of young generation and tourists

Cultural and historical values

- Acoustical advantage - Easily accessible - Remains some old architectural elements

Reflect the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s function and program

design style Mix of old vietnamese architectural styles

program

Workshops of selective Vietnamese traditional arts and crafts Provide tours and learning courses Retail shops: to sell products made directly at the workshops

Represent Ho Chi Minh City Educate and raise awareness of Vietnamese architecture and its influences

Carry the architectural traces of the many phases of its history

Donation for the needs or for preservation: profits from selling products made by the students A multi-purpose auditorium Gallery/ Showroom A cafe Operational Offices

INNOVATION IN APPLIED ARTS - Develop and improve new products based on contemporary trends and techniques - New design/ new style - Increase in demand, and buying options - Open to new markets

INTRODUCTION - Present the countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cultural values to other countries through tourists and outreach activities - Avoid overwhelming foreign influences

project

G OA L S

PRESERVE - IMPROVE

engage - encourage - Educate young generations through participation in the making process - Prepare them to create and develop new ways of thinking - Encourage young artists and designers to produce new design utilizing traditional skills

- Preserve the traditional skills that are about to be extinct - Avoid products to be sold at high prices - Profit to improve the working condition at the craft villages

RAISE AWARENESS AND APPRECIATION - Educate the community about Vietnamese history, tradition, culture, arts and crafts - Strengthen their identity, value and beliefs

JOB OPPORTUNITIES SUPPORT the COMMUNITY - Provide jobs to people with physical disabilities and orphans - Profit to support local community

A NATION'S CULTURE RESIDES IN THE HEARTS AND IN THE SOULS OF ITS PEOPLE -- MARCUS GARVEY

section 1 :

programming

precedent

analysis

experiential design

spacial structure

Niigata City Konan Ward Cultural Center Architects: Chiaki Arai Urban and Architecture Design Location: Niigata, Japan 5002.0 sqm Area: Year: 2012

The design was developed out of an extraordinary degree of public collaboration. The community-based system engaged the potential users into its design process through community workshops.

CAFE

COMMUNITY CENTER

The design decisions were based on feedbacks from the local community.

LIBRARY

entrance

MUSEUM

MUSIC ROOM

topophillia love of place

Unexpected perspectives created by volumes with complex gemeotry are to make strong visual impression and capture curiosity.

The lighting design incorporates with new technology is to maximize the natural lights, thus save on energy bills.

THE CROSS TREET

local identity

The structure is not only used for activating and facilitating the building but also for aesthetic intrigue. Flexible - sliding walls and stage with configurable depth.

The idea of building a cultural center was started as a response to the urban change of Niigata City and the new demand of the local community.

MULTIPURPOSE THEATER

Community Engagement

The color scheme is to reflect an abundant rice paddy - an image that is familiar to the local community. The building’s interior design feels like a sci-fi movie set, which does not convey the building’s identity – a cultural center. The exterior is plain and not attractive, which does not express the building’s function or reflect its interior.

cultural values

Cultural Center

Multipurpose Theatre Library Local Museum Community Center

. nature ANIMA art idea . music . action

Cultural Center Architects: Location: Area: Project Date: Year:

Bernard Tschumi Architects Grottammare, Italy 7,190 mq (Building Surface) 2012-2014 2016 (Scheduled Opening)

ANIMA Cultural Center is not only a regional activator but also a cultural, social and architectural generator. OBJECTIVES: create a building that is simultaneously abstract and figurative, economical without being cheap, simple but not simplistic while conveying a strong local identity and a global commitment. east cortile garden north cortile outdoor west cortile market South cortile expo

main room

simultanouesly abstract & figurative With the slightly tilted main room in the center, the rest of the space is divided into four trapezoidal courtyards for social encounters and gatherings. Additional to the main pathways, there are series of ramps that contribute to the circulation and dynamic of the space. The interior generates unexpected events through plazas and gardens. The series of ramps create new perspectives at varying heights. Attract the community by the participation of artisans, performers, organizations, actors and singers. Creativity and Italian cultural identity are expressed right from the five facades. The interior is read as a “small town”, which recalls the city’s historic value. The interior is mainly made up by plain concrete - not reflect the cultural values and the local identity that are successfully expressed by the exterior.

cafe labs offices support spaces

entr

ance

The ambiance is modern but cold and uninviting with a little too many design languages going on. In addition, the interior elements do not represent the center’s program stated in its name - ANIMA.

Cultural Center

Multipurpose Auditorium Recreation Spaces Events, Exhibitions Educational Spaces 2500-400 Seat Meeting Room

precedent

analysis

experiential design

spacial structure

childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s villages lavezzorio S O S community Center Architects: Location: Ownder Area: Year:

Studio Gang Architects Chicago, IL, USA SOS Childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Villages 10,000 sqf - 25,000 sqf 2008

Community Engagement

local identity

nurture children Coordinating different settings throughout the open plane helps to maximize the space utilization. The open and naturally lit spaces and the multi-purpose main staircases offer a wide range of activities, as well as support wellness.

The community center provides spaces for educational enrichment with a focus on personal growth and encourages social interaction.

The color scheme is vibrant and happy, which creates a healthy and positive environment. Support local community through different foster related activities. The design does not focus on local identity.

food prep

mechan- sick ical room Main Hallway

office

infant day-care classroom

Day-care mechanstepped class rm ical seating Day-care Day-care class rm courtyard class rm

Lobby

playground

entrance

In the consideration of a tight budget, the materiality of the building is expressed in its most direct way. For example, the wavy concrete layered bands on the exterior are to reflect its liquid nature. Since the space will have many activities for kids going on at once, acoustical consideration is important. However, the open spaces along with most of the elements made in concrete do not provide much of the acoustical values.

cultural values

FOSTER Center Services for foster care Training foster parents Events, Reuniting siblings

N a n j in g community Center

Architects: Beijing Newsdays Architectural Design Co. Location: Nanjing, China 13,000 sqf Area: Year: 2013

Used to be the capital of China for several periods, Nanjing plays a significant role in Chinese history and culture. The design does not end at preserving the cultural elements but instead, modernizing them. “Like an installation in a contemporary box” - Cai Wenqi

preserve modenize Seamless flow between indoor and out creates a medley of funcitonal comfort and recalls the old Chinese architectural style. With the new materials, the space is transformed into a modern expression of Chinese history and culture.

A gathering space provided with luxury, comfort and tranquility.

With elements that express local environment and daily living modes, such as “rain in June in the South of Yangtze River”, the space effortlessly shares a special bond with the local community.

The design strongly reflects the Chinese culture through subtle references and the renovation process – recycling antique salvage

Promoting an ambiance of tranquility and luxury, the space is not suitable for social activities that require acoustical consideration.

community Center Old Clubhouse

precedent

analysis

experiential design

spacial structure

Community Engagement

showroom for

Architects: Location: Area: Year:

&tradition

branding human scale

NORM Architects Copenhagen, Denmark 13,000 sqf 2014

In its minimal setting, the “village” is constantly evolving with a new concept every six months. Even though sharing the same architectural style, each house has its own setting and function, which invites the visitors to explore every corner of the “village” and experience different moods, as well as seeing products displayed in multiple ways

Creating a showroom by building a cluster of minimalist “houses” in a former warehouse on Copenhagen’s Paper Island.

With a new concept every six months, the space is constantly transforming, which attracts and re-invites the visitors.

“This is a unique opportunity to be able to display the entire collection in one space and to show how our products work together in different settings,”

The 12 minimalist houses form into a “cityscape” with archetypical elements like “the city square, the church tower, the main streets, the alleys, the perfect grid and the imperfect irregularities that occur by chance”, a reminiscent of a Mediterranean village.

- &tradition brand director Martin Kornbek Hansen.

main event

Kvadrat House Tower Display

Workshop

Wardrobe & Kitchen

entrance

Meeting Room Display House

stage

local identity

The minimalist design successfully represents the company’s brand. Bringing some green elements to the space can help develop the idea of bringing the outside to the inside. Even though the products are displayed in different settings, lacking of home accessories makes the space feel more like a museum rather than providing home setting options.

cultural values

showroom event space

Showroom Large Multipurpose Space Meeting Space Offices

Conclusion

- Maximize space utilization - Configurable and constantly transforming - Apply a mix of selective architectural styles and design languages

- Capture the visitorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; curiosity through unexpected events and new perspectives - Strong visual expression - Recall of Vietnamese culture, tradition and history - Share a strong bond with the local community by reflecting daily life elements and events - Create a reminiscent of the city through sensual experiences

applications

- Reflect and introduce Vietnamese culture in not only the structure but also the furniture, lighting and other elements - Express the â&#x20AC;&#x153;oldâ&#x20AC;? in a modern way with materiality and technologies

- Represent Hochiminh city in its historical phases, different living modes and old architectural styles

- Offer a wide range of social activities - Provide gathering, community and event spaces - Invite the visitors to observe and participate in both of the design and manufacturing process - Occasionally have new concept for space configuration

china hanoi

myanmar laos thailand

sea

gulf of

vietnam

cambodia andaman

south china sea

hochiminh city

T hailand

The Socialist Republic of VIETNAM

malaysia

geography topography

128,000 sq mi Vietnam's climate is as complex as its topography. Although the country lies entirely within the tropics, its diverse range of latitude, altitude, and weather patterns produces enormous climatic variation. North Vietnam - two basic seasons: a cold, humid winter from November to April, and a warm, wet summer for the remainder of the year. Summer temperatures average around 70 degrees Fahrenheit (about 22 C), with occasional typhoons. The northern provinces of Central Vietnam share the climate of the North, while the southern provinces share the tropical weather of the South. South Vietnam is generally warm, the hottest months being March through May, when temperatures rise into the mid-90's (low-30's C). This is also the dry season in the south, followed by the April-October monsoon season.

HISTORY

CHINESE colonization 1000 years (200BC - 938AD)

Political Structure - Confucianism Social Culture Art Religion

vietnam independence french colonization

(950 - 1859)

*note: Nguyen Dynastyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s flag

(1874-1954)

Japanese invasion (1941-1945)

french indochina war (1945-1954)

vietnam civil war (1954-1975)

vietnam reunification & independence (1975-Present)

us support

The Socialist Republic of VIETNAM

CULTURE religion

Confucianism

Taosim

Buddhism

Roman Catholicism

0.4% Other religions The rest of the population is non-religious Religion has exerted a deep influence on Vietnamese culture and the Vietnamese concept of life. The religions of Vietnam are varied and rarely clear-cut. Although some people call themselves Buddhists, they do likely practice Confucian and Taoist principles, ancestral worship and a little animism, and superstitions as well. Actual beliefs have developed over centuries from a melting pot of many ideas.

45.3%

16,4%

8.2%

Holidays

The most important festival of the year is Tet, a week-long event in late January or early February that heralds the new lunar year and the advent of spring. Celebration consists of both raucous festivity (fireworks, drums, gongs) and quiet meditation. In addition to Tet, there are about twenty other traditional and religious festivals each year.

Nôm Characters

Nho Characters

Roman Letters (Current)

literature

The Vietnamese language has been influenced by Chinese more than any other language. Chinese was the language used by government officials, scholars, and artists during the thousand years that China ruled Vietnam, but Vietnamese remained the popular language. As a language, Vietnamese is exceptionally flexible and lyrical. Poetry plays a strong role in both literature and the performing arts.

folk art, music and others Folk art, which flourished before French colonization, has experienced a resurgence in beautiful woodcuts, village painting, and block printing. Vietnamese lacquer art, another traditional medium, is commonly held to be the most original and sophisticated in the world. Music, dance, and puppetry, including the uniquely Vietnamese water puppetry, are also mainstays of the country’s culture. The origin of Vietnamese music traces back nearly 4,000 years ago. Its variety ranges from ritual music, chamber music, ensemble music, folk music to theater and poetry accompaniment. It also differs depending on the regional traits found in the music. These traits identify the music as originating in the North, Central, South or Highland region of Vietnam.

vietnam (13th in

in general

Population: aprox. 90 millions the world) Density: 273.11/km2 Socioeconomic system: Communism Capital: Ha Noi Largest City: Hochiminh City Official language: Vietnamese Spoken language: Vietnamese, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and many minority and mountain area languages

Ethnic groups 85.7% Kinh (Major) 1.9% Tay 1.7% Tai 1.5% Muong 1.4% K’mer 1.1% Hoa 1.1% Nùng 1% Hmong 4.1% Others

Hochiminh City Founded in 1698 Renamed in 1976 Population: 7,955,000 Area: 2,297 km2 (809.23 sq mi)

Ho Chi Minh City is the largest city, the greatest port, and the commercial and industrial center of Vietnam. It has a both international and dosmestic airport and is the focus of the country's highways, railroads, and Mekong delta waterways.

street l i f e

Saigon’s street life is one of its best assets.

The city never sleeps. Everywhere you look there is colour and movement. Each saigonese grew up with those images engraved in their mind, which results in their affection toward their beloved city.

Coffee culture:

“It’s coffee, but not as we know it. In Ho Chi Minh City, I learn to love the drink that fuels a nation” - Nicola Graydon

french colonial

architecture

There is definitely a French influence in Ho Chi Minh City that extends beyond their architecture. You can see it in their baugettes. There are many shops selling oil paintings and the Vietnam has it’s own artists and writers. But the Architecture is the most striking. French Colonial is a style of architecture used by the French during colonization. Many former French colonies, especially those in Southeast Asia, have inherited and applied the style on their buildings during that time.

Saigon, the former capital of South Viet-Nam, is famous for its colonial architecture, tree-lined boulevards, and exciting bustling nightlife. The French laid out Saigon’s broad, tree-lined boulevards and erected imposing villas and public buildings. When they’re not working, Ho Chi Minh City’s residents are having fun. Food is a highlight here. The city is packed with eateries, ranging from simple sidewalk stalls to five-star hotel dining rooms. The juxtaposition of past and present is more visible here than anywhere else in Vietnam. Gleaming new skyscrapers tower above lavish French colonial villas. Imposing Soviet-style facades stand beside ancient pagodas. You’ll find yourself swept up by the city’s enthusiasm. Ho Chi Minh City is a shopper’s paradise, with trendy new boutiques and modern shopping centres just steps away from traditional open-air markets.

the REMINISCENCE of

saigon 152 Nam Ky Khoi Nghia, Dist.1, Hochiminh City, Vietnam Located in the heart of the city, the building was constructed during the French Indochina War. Due to the fact it was buitl in this era, the building embodies the French Colonial architectural style. It was once used as a warehouse, now itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s been utilized as a pub on the first floor since 2013. It is easy to reach & is very close to other attractions including Notre Dam Cathedral, Department stores, Restaurants, Coffee Stores , Offices, Parks, Museums, Schools and Universities. The building has three floors and a courtyard in the back.

april 30th

Park

For a city that is well known for its noise, chaotic traffic & general busyness, HCMC also has its fair share of very chilled out parks. 30/4 Park is one such place that offers a welcome break from the continually hectic environment. It is very popular with locals (especially the youths) & tourists alike, most people come here to people watch, relax or just enjoy the lovely environment.

Although located on a one-direction street, the building still has great potential for attracting visitors due to its active surrounding environment.

REUNIFICATION PALACE

Surrounded by Royal Palm trees, the dissonant 1960s architecture of this government building and the eerie mood that accompanies a walk through its deserted halls make it one of the most intriguing spectacles in Ho chi minh City. Each day, the palace welcomes thousands of tourists, both citizens and foreigners from all over the world.

Traffic Circulation Green Elements

The existing French Colonial architectural elements also help accentuate the historic and cultural values that will be implemented in the building.

current

First Floor

CONDITION

Street View

Courtyard

First Floor

Exterior

Ceiling Details

Stairs Details

Upper Floor

Outdoor Area

entrance

Street View

Building Construction Type: III-B Governing Jurisdiction: Hochiminh City Building sq.ft (3 floors): - 1st floor: 10,840.5 (gross), 10,200 (net) - 2nd & 3rd floors: 2,596.5 (gross), 2,300 (net) Ability to accommodate future growth: Expand the interior space to the outdoor

PUBLIC PARKING N

building c o n d i t i o n s Unsprinklered - Potential for 1/3 diagonal rule Sprinkled Building STAIRS: 2 indoor, 1 outdoor, NO compliant egress stairs, WILL PLAN ON ADDING NO defined Janitorial and Storage Capabilities, WILL PLAN ON ADDING 2nd & 3rd FLOOR

1st FLOOR

Indoor Area

7’-2” 14’-4” 5’-3”

24’-11”

16’-6”

14’-11”

13’-5”

19’-4”

Ceiling Height on typical floor: 11’

Occu p an c y

Occupancy Types: A-2, A-3, M, B Occupancy Load:

Assembly - Unconcentrated:15 net Business areas: 100 gross Mercantile - Basement and grade floor areas: 30 gross / Areas on other floors: 60 gross

10’-7”

1st floor: 109 2nd & 3rd floors: 26

Required Plumbing Fixtures:

Restroom Facilities

Outdoor Stairs

Indoor Stairs

COLUMN BAY SPACING

- Water Closets required: 4 (Existing: 6) - Lavatories required: 3 (Existing: 6) - Drinking fountains: 2

A cce s s i b i l i t y r e q ui r e m e n t s

100

’-11

Non accessible ramps No elevators Non ADA restrooms No water fountains --- WILL PLAN ON ADDING

5/8

”

56’-9 1/8”

Access Points from Outdoor to Indoor

Sustainability Characteristics

1/2” diagonal rule

D esi gn Opportunities & CHallenges

DAYLIGHT

OPPORTUNITIES

VENTILATION

Site Selection Green Elements Existing Architectural Style & Existing Materials Air Quality

Big windows on every floor, four-wing doors to front terrace, glass ceiling on one side of the building

Multiple big openings help to circulate fresh air through out the space.

CIRCULATION

There are multiple access points from outdoor to indoor but only one main entrance from public way.

MATERIALS The existing materials and architectural styles will be re-used to express the French Colonial style and cultural values.

Existing Doors’ width: 2’-11” 1 Public way 1 Main exit to public way No exit on the 2nd & 3rd floors --- WILL PLAN ON ADJUSTING ACCORDING TO EGRESS REQUIREMENTS

CHALLENGES The building is a historically designed building representing the French Colonial style; which causes the structure not comply with modern US codes, meaning there are no accessibility or egress requirements set into place. The existing ground-floor’s heights are not consistent, especially at the transaction between indoor and outdoor, which will require future ramp installation or readjustment.

APPLICABLE CODES 2012 International Building Code 2012 International Residential Code 2012 International Mechanical Code 2012 International Plumbing Code 2012 International Energy Conservation Code 2012 International Fuel Gas Code 2011 National Electrical Code 2009 ICC/ANSI A117.1 for Accessibility

facility component

analysis

RECEPTION

multipurpose space

offices

cafe

Workshops

retail

exhibition

storage

- First impression - Welcome the visitors (students, tourists, performers, artisans, guest speakers...) and assist them to transit to the next space

(2nd floor) Shared workspace

- For the youth to learn and participate into the making process - To experiment modern applications of the traditional techniques - Various artisans to be invited periodically

- To introduce the history and background of the Vietnamese traditional arts and crafts; also its new applications and techniques - To display products made from the workshops and temporary collections

For gatherings, events and performances

To relax, recharge and connect

To sell products made in the workshop by artisans and students; souvenirs and traditional tool sets

(2nd floor) To store each workshopâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s materials, tools and products separately; and general necessities

kitchen

retail exhibition

Storage

2625 sq.ft.

bar

cafe

2125 sq.ft.

2675 sq.ft.

seating

restrooms

ceramics

multipurpose space

WORKSHOPS rattan weaving

4237.5 sq.ft.

2312.5 sq.ft.

STAGE

RECEPTION

SEATING/ GATHERING

475 sq.ft.

brocade

Entrance Direct/ Adjacent

Sunlight

Acoustical

Outdoor exposure

Private

Direct/ Sequence Close/ Convenient

programmactic

analysis

Company Name: VIETNAMESE CULTURAL CENTER

COMPANY NAME: VIETNAMESE CULTURAL CENTER

CURRENT SPACE REQUIREMENT CURRENT SPACE REQUIREMENT Ref #

Room Name

Size/SF

# of Occ.

Quantity

NET SF

Occ.

1. RECEPTION 1.01 Lobby / Entry Area (seats 8) 1.02 Reception Desk

250

1.03 Raincoat/ Umbrealla Rack

1.04 Beverage Service Station

NET SF Subtotal

380

Circulation (25%)

Gross SF

475

2. OFFICES 2.01 Private Offices

150

300

1200

225

450

2.04 Unisex Restroom

2.05 Janitorial

2.02 Workstations 2.03 Conference Room (seats 6)

NET SF Subtotal

2040

Circulation (25%)

510

Gross SF

2550

3. WORKSHOPS 3.01 Ceramics Workshop 3.02 Ceramics Workshop - Temporary Storage 3.03 Kiln 3.04 Rattan Workshop 3.05 Rattan Workshop - Temporary Storage 3.06 Brocade Workshop 3.07 Brocade Workshop - Temporary Storage

1500

100

800

NET SF Subtotal

3390

Circulation (25%)

847.5

Gross SF

4237.5

4. EXHIBITION 4.01 Exhibition Space 4.02 Seating Area

1500

200

1500

200

NET SF Subtotal Circulation (25%) Gross SF

1700 425 2125

4. EXHIBITION 4.01 Exhibition Space 4.02 Seating Area

1500

200

1500

200

NET SF Subtotal

1700

Circulation (25%)

425

Gross SF

2125

5. MULTIPURPOSE SPACE 5.01 Gathering Space

550

5.02 Performing Stage

300

1000

200

1000

5.03 Seating Area

NET SF Subtotal

1850

Circulation (25%)

462.5

Gross SF

2312.5

6. CAFÉ 6.01 Kitchen

600

6.02 Serving Counter

150

6.03 Bar

150

6.04 Seating Area

850

100

850

6.05 Ingredient Storage

100

6.06 Restrooms

250

6.07 Janitorial

NET SF Subtotal

2140

Circulation (25%)

535

Gross SF

2675

7. RETAIL 7.01 Cash Wraps 7.02 Retail Area 7.03 Storage

100

1500

500

NET SF Subtotal

2100

Circulation (25%)

525

Gross SF

2625

8. STORAGE 8.01 Storage for ceramics products

400

8.02 Storage for brocade products

300

8.03 Storage for rattan products

500

8.04 General Storage

400

NET SF Subtotal Circulation (25%) Gross SF

400 2000

Total Circulation

3800

Total Gross Circulation SF

3800 19000

Total Gross SF

Programming will consider the various needs and functions of each facility’s type. It focuses on the spatial relationship (public and private, indoor

1600

19000

and outdoor), accessibilities and minimum required area for each space. Circulation is calculated as 25% of the NET square footage.

studies of

prototypicals

kitchen Storage

bar

cafe seating

retail

multipurpose space STAGE

seating/ Gathering

ceramics

WORKSHOPS rattan weaving

brocade

reception

adjacenty Lobby / Entry Area (seats 8) Reception Desk Raincoat/ Umbrella Rack Beverage Service Station

offices

Private Offices

matrix PRIMARY SECONDARY NOT ADJACENT NO RELATIONSHIP

Workstations Conference Room (seats 6) Unisex Restroom Janitorial Ceramics Workshop

workshops

CW - Temp. Storage Kiln Rattan Workshop RW - Temp. Storage Brocade Workshop

multipurexhipose bition space

BW - Temp. Storage Exhibition Space Seating Area Gathering Space Performing Stage Seating Area Kitchen Serving Counter

cafe

Bar Seating Area Ingredient Storage Restrooms

retail

Janitorial

PLUMBING

Cash Wraps Retail Area

SERCURITY

Storage Storage for CW

storage

SUNLIGHT/ VIEW

Storage for RW Storage for BW General Storage

ACOUSTICS PUBLIC ACCESS PRIVACY

conclusion RECEPTION

multipurpose space

offices

cafe

Workshops

retail

exhibition

storage

spacial structure

experiential design

Maximize space utilization - configurable and constantly transforming (Occasionally have new concept for space configuration)

Capture the visitorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; curiosity through unexpected events and new perspectives with engaging sensual experiences.

Utilize provided capacity and materials for interactive and engaging spatial configurations, which provide a range of learning experiences and artistic opportunities

Provide a sequence of events that evokes a feeling of wonders and exploration

local identity Community Engagement Offer a wide range of social activities by providing gathering, community and event spaces that are adjacent the cafe - a â&#x20AC;&#x153;relax, recharge and connectâ&#x20AC;? point Invite the visitors (especially the youth generation) to learn in depth the traditional techniques, its history and modern implementations, and to participate in both of the design and manufacturing process through the exhibition, workshops and occasional events

Create a reminiscent of the city through sensual experiences, and a mix of selective architectural styles and design languages

cultural values Introduce the selective Vietnamese traditional arts and crafts and its modern applications

Stakeholders INVESTORS

The program meets all the programmatic requirements to create a facility where everyone can learn and participate in the preservation and innovation of the Vietnamese traditional arts and crafts.

co-founders

The joined-business provides economical benefits and mutual support that promotes and expands each invidiual firm by creating a sturdy foundation, broadening the market, attracting various customers and investors.

visitors

benefits

The program is to educate the community about Vietnamese tradition, culture, arts and crafts, thus strengthen their identity, value and beliefs. It is also to encourage young artists and designers to produce new design utilizing traditional skills, as well as to raise aweareness and appreciation of the youth generation.

Saigon en Vogue

a cultural center of traditional & contemporary arts & crafts

Indochina

(Indian + Chinese)

Buddhism: Enlightenment; Pink lotus

represents the highest deity - the Great Buddha himself Hinduism: eternity, purity, divinity, life, fertility, ever-renewing youth, expanding of the soul and spiritual awakening

Vietnam national flower for its cultural significance, symbolism, and popularity

(endless knot) Symbolizing the Buddha’s endless wisdom and compassion

Eternity knot

Souvenir d’Indochine

- Alix Ayme’ Reverse Glass Painting, 1930s L’ INDOCHINe: French influence in Saigon during the French Colonization war that had a great impact on the city’s culture and lifestyle until the present

Saigon en Vogue The Pearl of the Orient, or Saigon, had witnessed many of the country’s most eventful and memorable historical events. Its culture was a fusion of myriad influences by China, India, Cambodia and France. Nowadays, “Saigon” culture/ lifestyle is still ingrained in the city’s (now called Ho Chi Minh city) everyday activities. Saigon symbolizes the recent past the culture and tradition that has shaped the city’s identity today.

Saigon en Vogue‘s purpose is to not only preserve and appreciate the past but also to

embrace the future, as a collective cultural memory that fundamentally dictates modern day’s design applications.

L’ INDOCHINE in Saigon

Saigon

Religion: Catholicism

“ho chi minh city is a metropolis that is going places. It’s the flourishing fast-mover that’s somehow secured old Saigon onto the seat of its shiny, new motorbike as it roars off into the future.

Civilization Français (1946-1949)

Literature: All subjects were taught in French.

French Culture: taught to the brightest & wealthiest Vietnamese students

now

It’s the mesmerizing gateway to Vietnam where traditional and modern influences live side by side. High-rises loom over shabby French colonial villas; conical-hatted street vendors plod past karaoke bars and glitzy shops.

Modern life: Built railroads, public parks, hotels, restaurants, modern buildings, broad boulevards that resemble Paris - Opened law & medical schools, introduced practice of modern medicine - Installed French legal system based on the famous Napoleonic Codes - Brought electricity

Like the bamboo, shoulder-pole baskets you’ll see on the streets, ho chi minh city is a balancing act of two parts: classical incense-filled pagodas are off-set by shopping malls and skyscrapers that wouldn’t look out of place in the West.

Language: Replace old Vietnamese characters with Roman alphabet

It’s a forward-looking city but still locals refer to it as Saigon, a name evocative of the past.”

Economics: Spent more money expanding and

- World Travel Guide

governing their Indochinese Empire than collected in revenues - Exported rice & developed rubber plantations - Provide market for French products - Encourage the use of opium the imposed heavy taxes on it, as well as wine & salt - Many Vietnamese who had lost their land for failing to pay taxes were hired to work.

l' indochine style “Style de synthese entre l’Orient et l’ Occident”

Government: French took high government positions. The highest paid among the Vietnamese officials made less money than the lowest paid Frenchman.

MAKE

LEARN

KEEP

JOIN

MAKE

rattan weaving

Functions

Various artisans, young artists and designers will be invited occasionally to share/exchange experience and explore new design applications.

Design Workshops

brocade weaving

The space will capture the visitorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; curiosity through layers of unexpected events and new perspectives with strong visual expression. The use of weaving layers will create rhythm and movement throughout the space. The design will highlight the distinctive features of each traditional art - its production process, materials, colors, textures, forms and shapes - by integrating them into the Indochine aesthetics.

ceramics

brocade weaving

ceramics

Functions

LEARN

exhibition

Each workshop will be located directly adjacent to its own exhibition that is composed of two main parts: “permanent” and “temporary”. Permanent exhibit will provide information on the history and background of the selective Vietnamese traditional arts and crafts. Temporary exhibit will display products made from the workshops, as well as introduce new innovative design/ technique applications. It will be changed periodically. The space will enhance interactive experiences and visitor engagement by integrating digital/mobile technology into the space.

Design The space will be divided into different zones that connect with each other through layering. Each zone will be controlled with sufficient amount of activities and information, which encourages the visitor to focus, engage and enjoy the experience to the fullest. Rattan weaving

workshops + EXHBITION

Functions The retail shop is to sell products made in the workshop by artisans and students, as well as souvenirs and traditional tool sets

KEEP

Design The space will become a reminiscence of the old Saigonese market - its ambiance, colors, textures, patterns, forms and shapes. Colors scheme is kept neutral to direct the focus on the displayed products.

retail

Functions The multipurpose space is to offer a wide range of social activities, such as gatherings, events and performances.

JOIN

The visitors will be encouranged not only to interact and communicate with each other but also experience the essense of Indochine style interweaving into the space.

Design

cafe

The space will express the remembrances of Saigon in a modern way through sensory experiences. Indochine style and its richness in colors, textures, patterns are carried through the whole space.

multipurpose space

Saigon Chuyen

a cultural center of traditional & contemporary arts & crafts

Indochina

(Indian + Chinese)

Buddhism: Enlightenment; Pink lotus

represents the highest deity - the Great Buddha himself Hinduism: eternity, purity, divinity, life, fertility, ever-renewing youth, expanding of the soul and spiritual awakening

Vietnam national flower for its cultural significance, symbolism, and popularity

Layers of Petals

Play off light and shadow, form and shape

(endless knot) Symbolizing the Buddhaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s endless wisdom and compassion

Eternity knot

Petal Structure Saigon Chuyen is a storyteller who is constantly in the process of taking ancient images

and casting them into contemporary kinds of forms. Its purpose is to take the audience on a journey, leaving them feeling inspired and motivated.

Petal Structure

is one of the most efficient storytelling techniques for engaging the audiences. Inspired by the overlapping structure of the flower petals, the technique weaves different stories around one central topic. Thus, the audience will develop their imagination, understanding, connection and inspiration through layers of events, discovery and moments of surprise.

The petal structure is a way of organising multiple speakers or stories around one central concept. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s useful if you have several unconnected stories you want to tell or things you want to reveal â&#x20AC;&#x201C; that all relate back to a single message. You tell your stories one by one before returning back to the centre. The petals can overlap as one story introduces the next but each should be a complete narrative in itself. In doing so, you can weave a rich tapestry of evidence around your central theory. Or strong emotional impressions around your idea. By showing your audience how all these key stories are related to one another, you leave them feeling the true importance and weight of your message.

EXPOSITION

RISING ACTION

CLIMAX

RESOLUTION

Functions Each workshop will be located directly adjacent to its own exhibition that is composed of two main parts: “permanent” and “temporary”. Permanent exhibit will provide information on the history and background of the selective Vietnamese traditional arts and crafts. Temporary exhibit will display products made from the workshops, as well as introduce new innovative design/ technique applications. It will be changed periodically.

EXPOSITION

exhibition

The space will enhance interactive experiences and visitor engagement by integrating digital/mobile technology into the space.

Design Exposition contains all of the necessary background information that is needed to understand the story. The exhibition of each tradition art will be divided into overlapping zones provided with different activities and resources that topic. The space will utilize different characteristics of glass: textures, colors, play off light and shadow, opacity, form and shape. It is to draw attention to the displayed products by the neutral color scheme, as well as evoke curiosity and feeling of wonders through sequence of events.

Rattan weaving

workshops + EXHBITION

rattan weaving

Functions

RISING ACTION

The workshops are to educate visitors, especially the youth, on the traditional techniques through participation in the making process, as well as to encourage them to create and develop new ways of thinking. Various artisans, young artists and designers will be invited occasionally to share/exchange experience and explore new design applications.

Design

brocade weaving

Workshops

The rising action of a plot is the series of events that build up and create tension and suspense. The space will transit from neutral to a playful and colorful theme utilizing other features of glass. It is also appeal to the visitorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; senses: sound, sight, touch, and smell. They should contribute to the story, making the experience feel realistic and entertaining.

ceramics

brocade weaving

ceramics

Functions The retail shop is to sell products made in the workshop by artisans and students, as well as souvenirs and traditional tool sets

CLIMAX

Design Climax is the highest or most intense point in the development. It is the moment of greatest emotional tension. It is the turning point in the story: the moment when everything comes to a head, and nothing will be the same after. All the elements in the space are derived from the previous ones with a stronger and bolder approach. Colors scheme is kept neutral to direct the focus on the displayed products.

retail

Functions The multipurpose space is to offer a wide range of social activities, such as gatherings, events and performances.

RESOLUTION

The visitors will be encouraged not only to interact and communicate with each other but also experience the essence of Indochine style interweaving into the space.

Design

cafe

Resolution occurs when story conflicts and mysteries are revealed, unraveled or addressed, and the protagonist has a personal or emotional response to them. The space will show and resolution of the story by displaying the applications of its elements.

multipurpose space

april 30th

Park

Although located on a one-direction street, the building still has great potential for attracting visitors due to its active surrounding environment.

REUNIFICATION PALACE

Traffic Circulation Green Elements

entrance

Traffic Circulation

PUBLIC PARKING N

The existing French Colonial architectural elements also help accentuate the historic and cultural values that will be implemented in the building.

indoor

outdoor

needs

design

sustainability

entrance

levels of acoustical requirements

natural/street views

outdoor

ventilation

private

public

structure

columns

outdoor

acoustics

private

relationship of

relationship

vs.

public

human

inspiration

joy/ connection

exploration

community

needs

direction

Saigon en Vogue The Pearl of the Orient, or Saigon, had witnessed many of the country’s most eventful and memorable historical events. Its culture was a fusion of myriad influences by China, India, Cambodia and France. Nowadays, “Saigon” culture/ lifestyle is still ingrained in the city’s (now called Ho Chi Minh city) everyday activities. Saigon symbolizes the recent past - the culture and tradition that has shaped the city’s identity today.

Saigon en Vogue‘s

purpose is to not only preserve and appreciate the past but also to embrace the future, as a collective cultural memory that fundamentally dictates modern day’s design applications.

MAKE

LEARN

KEEP

JOIN

workshops

exhibition

retail

multipurpose

forward

direction

progressive literature/ religion

former name of HCM City

movement

indochina indian/chinese inf luence

Frech connection

French colonial period traditional Vietnamese

overlapping variety of styles fusion

french: art deco/ art nouveau

elements

unity

layering

modern applications

modern/ contemporary

Saigon en Vogue

history/ era

rhythm

on trend/ fashionable

past

tradition/ culture

principals

motion

connection/ transition

texture

technology guiding/ information

sensory

way-f inding

pattern

of design

movement

BROCADE WORKSHOP

rattan weaving Rattan exhibition

design

kitchen

retail

Storage

restrooms

bar

backgrounds seating

Ceramics exhibition

brocade

RECEPTION

multipurpose space

475 sq.ft.

- ADA accessibility, Code compliances - Provide different levels of user interaction

STAGE

brocade exhibition

- Create enjoyable and educational environment - Engage visitors from different age ranges and

cafe

ceramics

drivers

- Connection to nature/ outdoor space

through sensory experiences and technology

SEATING/ GATHERING

design

Entrance

goals

- Attract variety of visitors (the youth, tourists, local community)

Direct/ Adjacent Direct/ Sequence

Sunlight

Acoustical

Outdoor exposure

Private

- Represent the culture and document the trends - Energy efficiency, sustainability - Promote Vietnamese traditional arts and crafts

Close/ Convenient

- Wayfinding throughout the space - Easily accessible

restrooms rattan exhibition

ceramics

ceramics exhibition

retail brocade

multipurpose space

transition

outdoor seating

reception

RATTAN WORKSHOP

brocade exhibition

entrance

rattan

cafe/ bar/ kitchen

RETAIL STORE ELEVATION

ELEVATION

RETAIL STORE

Saigon Chuyen

forward

Saigon Chuyen is a storyteller who is constantly

in the process of taking ancient images and casting them into contemporary kinds of forms. Its purpose is to take the audience on a journey, leaving them feeling inspired and motivated.

Petal Structure

EXPOSITION

RISING ACTION

CLIMAX

RESOLUTION

workshops

exhibition

retail

multipurpose

direction

progressive literature/ religion

former name of HCM City

movement

techniques

opacity

layering sensory

theme

environment

exposition raising action

elements

layering

storytelling

Saigon Chuyen

history/ era

scale

folklore/ tales

past

tradition/ culture

principals

motion

connection/ transition

sequence of events falling action

learning

stories

guiding/ information

teachnology

resolution climax

of design

movement

EXHIBITION

rattan weaving

design

kitchen

retail

Storage

restrooms

bar

backgrounds seating

exhibition

multipurpose space

475 sq.ft.

brocade

- ADA accessibility, Code compliances - Provide different levels of user interaction

STAGE

RECEPTION

- Create enjoyable environmental storytelling - Engage visitors from different age ranges and

cafe

ceramics

drivers

- Connection to nature/ outdoor space

through sensory experiences and technology

SEATING/ GATHERING

design

Entrance

goals

- Attract variety of visitors (the youth, tourists, local community)

Direct/ Adjacent Direct/ Sequence

Sunlight

Acoustical

Outdoor exposure

Private

- Represent the culture and document the trends - Energy efficiency, sustainability - Promote Vietnamese traditional arts and crafts

Close/ Convenient

- Wayfinding throughout the space - Easily accessible

restrooms

ceramics

exhibition

retail storage

multipurpose space

transition

outdoor seating

reception

brocade

entrance

rattan

cafe/ bar/ kitchen

EXHIBITION

ELEVATION

EXHIBITION ELEVATION

EXHIBITION

section 2 :

schematic design

design vocabulary

studies

EXPOSITION

RISING ACTION

RESOLUTION

CLIMAX

bubble

block

diagrams kitchen

retail

rattan weaving

Storage

restrooms

bar

cafe

ceramics

seating

exhibition STAGE

RECEPTION

multipurpose space

475 sq.ft.

brocade

SEATING/ GATHERING

Entrance Direct/ Adjacent Direct/ Sequence

Sunlight

Acoustical

Outdoor exposure

Private

Close/ Convenient

restrooms

ceramics

exhibition

retail RATTAN

storage

multipurpose space

transition

outdoor seating

reception

entrance

BROCADE

cafe/ bar/ kitchen

schematic

f loor plan

Roof-covered

ADA RESTROOM 13

JANITOR

WOMEN RESTROOM

MEN RESTROOM

11 DN

LOUNGE

PATIO

BROCADE WORKSHOP

CAFE

KITCHEN

CERAMIC WORKSHOP

MOBILE STAGE

RETAIL STORE

STORAGE

MAIN HALLWAY 10

COURTYARD

STORAGE

18 STAGE

2 A101

RECEPTION 6

EXHIBITION 2

STORAGE

OUTDOOR EXHIBITION

ENTRANCE 21

entrance

RATTAN WORKSHOP

section

+ perspective sketch

RECEPTION

section 3 :

design development

space planning

Workshops

Cafe/ Lounge

Exhibition

Patio

Retail

Not in Scope

furniture plan 7

10 14

1 Exterior Entrance

4 Rattan weaving workshop

7 Janitory

10 Men’s restroom

13 Cafe

2 Reception

5 Brocade weaving workshop

8 ADA restroom

11 Exhibition

14 Lounge

3 Courtyard

6 Ceramics workshop

9 Women’s restroom

12 Retail

15 Patio

CIRCULATION PATHS Points of attraction

lounge

cafe entrance

brocade ceramics

storage

NIS

exhibition

patio

retail

cafe

2 1 rattan

RECEPTION

main entrance

A nation’s culture resides in the hearts and in the soul of its people. - Marcus Garvey

exterior entrance

reception

elevation of reception

courtyard

Exhibition 2

space planning Ceramics Exhibition Brocade Exhibition Rattan Exhibition

Sneak-peak window

Movement silhouette Interaction/ Engagement

Movement silhouette

Sneak-peak window

feeling of wonders

world within world

cafe

elevation of cafe

lounge

section 4 :

conclusion

20 weeks is just enough time for me to complete the project with in-depth researches, constant development and incredibly helpful feedbacks. However, there were a lot of challenges through out the process. The site is in Vietnam, where I can not personally visit to document or evaluate. Working on a project that is located on the other half of the planet with completely different lifestyle, cultures, types of users, dimension units, construction process and thousands other things may constrain the realistic application of the final product. Moreover, the chosen building was built during the French colonial period in Vietnam in 1950s, which does not meet any code compliance. However, we learn best when we face the most difficult challenge. I have gained so much more knowledge and experiences working with Eastern project within the Western setting. This project has been an exciting journey, not only for being able to utilize all the skills and experiences I have improved through out my education at SCAD but also for learning in depth about my country, its culture and history. Above of all, this project allows me to achieve the goals that I set out five years ago: to celebrate the very beauty of the Vietnamese traditional arts and crafts through arts and design, as well as showing my strong affection toward my home country. My deepest appreciation goes to my professor Culpepper, my teacher assistant Jonathan, my mentor Jason Andersen from Hirsch Bedner Associates, my family and friends in Vietnam and all my peers from the studio.

appendix

glossary ADA Codes : A Department of Justice set of federal rules and regulations that bars architectural barriers so as to make each and every building and structure accessible and usable by all persons, including those persons with any type of disability. Average SF per person : The total square footage (SF) of floor space occupied by a company of firm divided by the total number of employees. Bubble diagram : A graphic depiction - circles, ovals, or rectangles including connecting lines, or grids - that displays the desired geographic relationship between two or more groups, departments, divisions, rooms, or areas to be planned on any given floor. Building Analysis : Analyzing a prospective building, site, and location based on the client’s needs and program requirements. Client : A business, organization, company, firm, or individual that receives professional services. Eternity Knot : In Buddhism, it symbolizes the Buddha’s endless wisdom and compassion. Floor plan : A drawing of a horizontal section taken above a floor, at approximately 30-68 in., to show diagrammatically the enclosing walls of a building, its doors and windows, and the arrangement of its interior spaces. L’ Indochine : French influence in Saigon during the French Colonization war that had a great impact on the city’s culture and lifestyle until the present. Occupancy group : Building codes classify all building structures into one of ten categories based on the type of group to occupy the structure. Occupant : A term used by codebooks to mean a person. Occupant load : The number of persons for which the means of egress of a building or portion thereof is designed. Partitions : A dividing wall within a building, either load bearing or non-load bearing. Programming : A method whereby a designer gathers and documents information about a client via questionnaires, interviews, walk-through of existing spaces, and research.

Saigon : A city in South Vietnam; formerly (as Saigon) it was the capital of French Indochina. Site analysis : The evaluation of a particular site of an apppropriate usage based on natural terrain, local codes and zoing lawas and location.

stategic

plan

Week 1 Project Book Submission 1 - Section II 40% Complete Signed Mentor Agreement - Jason Andersen, HBA Conceptual Ideation - Big Sheets, two concepts

Week 6 Midterm Presentation to Mentors, Faculty and Peers Revisions, feedbacks from Mentors, Faculty and Peers Midterm Reflection Paper

Week 2 Final Concept Development - Schematic Floor Plans Materiality Project Storyboard

Week 7 Update Deliverable Review 2 requirements Desk Critique revisions made to project after presentation Building Information Content - 100% Complete Project Video

Week 3 Project Storyboards - 100% Complete Materiality Part 1 - 100% Complete Final Concept Development - 100% Complete Design Development - Branding Sustainability Material Part 2 Project Video Storyboard mapped out - 50% Complete Week 4 Materiality Part 2 - 100% Complete Design Development, Branding Package + Sustainability Package Materiality (M) Project Video (PV) Project Booklet (PB) Building Information Content (BIC) Week 5 Mentor Report 1 - 100% Complete Project Video - 100% Complete Deliverable Review 1 - 100% Complete Mock Presentation - Deliverable Review 1: Video, Materials Tray Self-Report/ Peer Report - 100% Complete (due Friday)

Week 8 Project Video (revised) - 100% Complete Deliverable Review II - 100% Complete Design Development Project Booklet Week 9 Project Booklet Presentation - update Mentor Report 2 - 100% Complete Building Information - 100% Complete Week 10 Capstone Final Deliverables Capstone Final Booklet (WAC) IDLUâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s, Final Reflection Paper, Digital Documentation Final Presentation Deliverables Final Presentation to Mentors, Faculty and Peers

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Binh, P. T. (n.d.). vjol. Retrieved January 10, 2014, from Opportunities and challenges of traditional craft villages: http://www.vjol.info/index.php/ssirev/article/viewFile/9249/8564 Asia Travelling. (n.d.). Asiatravelling. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon) - Culture. Encyclopedia. (n.d.). The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Ho Chi Minh City: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-HoChiMinC.html Every Culture. (n.d.). Everyculture. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Countries and Their Cultures: http://www.everyculture.com/wc/Tajikistan-to-Zimbabwe/Vietnamese.html gaisma. (n.d.). Gaisma. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam - Sunrise, sunset, dawn and dusk times, table: http://www.gaisma.com/en/location/ho-chi-minh-city. html Geographia. (2015, January 30). Geographia. Retrieved from Vietnam: http://www.geographia.com/vietnam/ Sunny Land Travel. (n.d.). Sunnyland. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Vietnam Introduction: http://en.sunnyland.vn/Destination/Vietnam/VietnamIntroduction.aspx Every Culture. (n.d.). Everyculture. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Countries and Their Cultures: http://www.everyculture.com/wc/Tajikistan-to-Zimbabwe/Vietnamese.html gaisma. (n.d.). Gaisma. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam - Sunrise, sunset, dawn and dusk times, table: http://www.gaisma.com/en/location/ho-chi-minh-city. html Sunny Land Travel. (n.d.). Sunnyland. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Vietnam Introduction: http://en.sunnyland.vn/Destination/Vietnam/VietnamIntroduction.aspx Harmon, Sharon, and Katherine Kennon. The Codes Quidebook for Interiors. 3rd ed. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. Every Culture. (n.d.). Everyculture. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Countries and Their Cultures: http://www.everyculture.com/wc/Tajikistan-to-Zimbabwe/Vietnamese.html gaisma. (n.d.). Gaisma. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam - Sunrise, sunset, dawn and dusk times, table: http://www.gaisma.com/en/location/ho-chi-minh-city. html Sunny Land Travel. (n.d.). Sunnyland. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Vietnam Introduction: http://en.sunnyland.vn/Destination/Vietnam/VietnamIntroduction.aspx Harmon, Sharon, and Katherine Kennon. The Codes Quidebook for Interiors. 3rd ed. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. Every Culture. (n.d.). Everyculture. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Countries and Their Cultures: http://www.everyculture.com/wc/Tajikistan-to-Zimbabwe/Vietnamese.html gaisma. (n.d.). Gaisma. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam - Sunrise, sunset, dawn and dusk times, table: http://www.gaisma.com/en/location/ho-chi-minh-city. html Sunny Land Travel. (n.d.). Sunnyland. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Vietnam Introduction: http://en.sunnyland.vn/Destination/Vietnam/VietnamIntroduction.aspx Harmon, Sharon, and Katherine Kennon. The Codes Quidebook for Interiors. 3rd ed. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. Every Culture. (n.d.). Everyculture. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Countries and Their Cultures: http://www.everyculture.com/wc/Tajikistan-to-Zimbabwe/Vietnamese.html gaisma. (n.d.). Gaisma. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam - Sunrise, sunset, dawn and dusk times, table: http://www.gaisma.com/en/location/ho-chi-minh-city. html Sunny Land Travel. (n.d.). Sunnyland. Retrieved January 30, 2015, from Vietnam Introduction: http://en.sunnyland.vn/Destination/Vietnam/VietnamIntroduction.aspx Harmon, Sharon, and Katherine Kennon. The Codes Quidebook for Interiors. 3rd ed. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.

Angie Ngoc Tran ngoctrancb@gmail.com 928.750.7818