An Exploded Field Vol 1. by Angus Bolland

Introduction. Football culture in Greece is a violent one. Fans from rival clubs often battle resulting in lengthy bans being enforced. In Athens Panathinaikos and in Particular the Gate 13 group are amongst the most visible and aggressive of these groups. The Group marks the city with graffiti and acts of vandalism. Projecting their identity to greater Athens. Their home ground Apostolos Nikolaidis is one of the most historic in Greece. It is however, not a conventional stadium. The current fabric has been built up over its 100 year history, creating a complex layering of types. The stadium is embedded in the surrounding urban fabric has been marked by fans causing them to shape their own architectural surrounding through their actions. The project focuses on this layering of the fabric alongside the idea of the movement of fans.

Programme. The Exploded Field looks to reprogram the Apostolos Stadium as it is inscribed onto the surface of the Olympic Park allowing the Panathinaikos football team to play in their games in the Olympic Stadium. The relocation allows for the Olympic Park to become more regularly used through the introduction of new programmatic activities. The field recodes activities of the historic stadium providing spaces for training, coaching and viewing. The field creates a dense urban patch on the site. Sitting on the north edge of the site the field creates a new entrance condition with connections to the existing metro station and main road to the north. The field acts as a filter, separating home and away fans pushing them and pulling them in different directions in an attempt to reduce violent outbursts. Out with of match days the field brings a diverse range of recreational sporting activities and auditoria spaces to reactivate the greater site. The new development incorporates flooding defences through deflection basins and a new drainage system to deal with Athens issue of flash flooding in the winter months.

Method. The project begins with a detailed curation of the existing Apostolos Nikolaidis stadium allowing for the layers to be extracted. A study looks at the movement of players and fans through notational variation. The curated stadium was then exploded to create a constellation of architectural types. This drawing acts as a tool for generating new architectural readings of the stadium through its inscribing on surfaces. This strategy is applied to the Olympic Park where the field is allowed to re-activate the existing â&#x20AC;&#x153;eventâ&#x20AC;? architecture in the site.

Panathinaikos. Apostolos Nikolaidis Stadium

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Stadium Study.

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Stadium Reading.

Notation of Movement.

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A Constellation of Architectural Types.

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Re-Reading the stadium.

Olympic Park.

Relocating. 1:50,000 The exploded Stadium drawing is relocated to the Olympic site to the north of the city centre. This new surface will generate a new urban condition on the Olympic park. The two sites are linked through their shared sports programme, however they occupy contrasting urban sites. The relocating will transfer the social environment alongside the physical forms.

Site Translation.

Ex Site

Trim

Boundary

Original

Layer

Repeat

Trim

Layer

Occupy

Surround

Scale

Trim

Layer

Occupy

Surround

Locate

The exploded field is translated to the Olympic Park, forming a new surface that informs a new architectural recoding of the historic stadium. These studies show the thought process of this translation. The process began with positioning the original drawing on the site. the final positioning â&#x20AC;&#x153;Locateâ&#x20AC;? returns almost full circle to the initial translation. This variation maintains the scale relationship with the historic Panathinaikos stadium and is orientated to begin to activate the site positioning itself over the existing metro station.

Combine

Orientate

Rethink

Reconfigure the field. The field is reconfigured to reach into the site, no longer contained by a drawings boundaries. The field is considered as a series of linear elements which creates planes. These planes can then begin to shift to stretch out into the site.

Original

Split

Shift direction

New position

Move

Copy

Site Plan. 1:4000 1. Exploded Field 2. Flood Grid 3. Indoor Training Hall 4. Olympic Tennis Centre 5. Olympic Stadium 6. Olympic Indoor Sports Centre 7. Swimming Centre 8. Olympic Veladrome

8. 4.

Exploded Site.

Activity Plan.

Categorizing the field.

Market.

Street Furniture.

Security.

Programmable Volumes.

Play.

Watch.

Locations for activities associated with event. These smaller stalls will cater for large volumes of visitors providing positions for vendors to sell merchandise, food stalls.

A series of gangwayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s allows for fans to be observed and routes controlled. The current aggressive nature of fan groups can make attempts at control difficult.

Football pitches of varying scales, accommodate training and recreational use. These pitches are pushed and pulled out of and into the ground.

The smallest elements on the field form informal seating and outdoor gym spaces.

The field presents space for a number of sporting and recreational activities to take place. Changing rooms, Indoor Sports, CafĂŠâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s + Bars occupy the larger volumes.

The form of the historic Panathinaikos Stadium informs new outdoor auditoria conditions. Presenting a space for fans to view televised away matches as a large group.

Architectural Types. 1. Security: Gantry 2. Market: Vendor Stalls 3. Programmable Volumes: Sporting and recreational activities

4. Watch: Away Game Stand/Auditoria

3. 3.

Field Positioning.

Element Recycling.

2. 3.

1. Olympic Forum designed by Santiago Calatrava. 50 arches form a walkway.

3. Banner Posts. 45 Steel Posts located at the Metro Entrance to the site.

The Olympic site is scattered with â&#x20AC;&#x153;eventâ&#x20AC;? architecture. Objects that no longer serve their original function. These pieces stand as a reminder to past events, modern ruins, slowly eroding. The Exploded Field Proposes salvaging these unused pieces and processing them to form new raw material suitable for construction. This recycling maintains the elements of the event re-articulated into the new architecture.

3. Flag Poles Flag Poles Used to Hold the Flags of the 204 countries that competed at the Athens 2004 Olympics.

Matchday Plan.

Matchday Aerial.

Field Movement.

Site Movement.

Existing Matchday Arrangement.

Existing Non-Matchday Arrangement.

New Matchday Arrangement.

New Non-Matchday Arrangement.

1. Metro Arrival

Matchday Route Cinematic Study.

2. Station 3. Gantry

4. Roof Terrace

2. 5. Away Game Stand 6. Route to Stadium

8. Route Back

7. Olympic Stadium

The Activities of a Spectator are captured as he moves through the event that is Matchday. The cinematic route deals with arrival, new urban conditions, transition space and crowding.

Site Flooding.

Roof.

14. Roof Terrace Cafe/Bar

Summer Activity (Fan Flooding Field)

Winter Activity (Water Flooded Field)

Site Flooding. Athens has experienced unplanned urban growth from its historic centre at the foot of the Attica Basin. The city has spread up into the hills in a rapid unplanned manner. This means that the drainage throughout the city is poor and unable to cope with existing weather and city waste. The city has begun to experience annual occurrences of flash flooding due to global warming which has seen increased rainfall in the Winter months. With this uncontrollable event now happening on a regular basis how can the city expect to develop if it is having to continually repair damage. The areas which are regularly affected by Flooding are found adjacent and to the north of the Olympic Park site. The vast empty site 280,000m2 presents an opportunity to create a deflection basin that would flood to protect the neighbouring areas.

Marousi Acharnes

Rain

Olympic Park

Chalandri.

Attica Basin Section 1.

Rain

Attica Basin Section 2. 1.

Flood Grid. The Flood Grid presents a scaled grid from 5m - 50m which would blanket over the existing city. The Grid is conceived as a series of channels retrospectively fitted around the existing city allowing for the excess water to run downhill to the Olympic park. The new infrastructure would help to improve drainage in the city alongside flood protection.

Trim

Trim Line

Scale 5-50m

Scaled and trimmed Grid.

Water Flow to Site.

Flooded Forum.

Flooded Stadium.

Matchday Confrontation.

Exploded Entrance Block.

ENTRANCE BLOCK

Roof Terrace Activities

Balustrade

Folded Roof Plate

Interior: Floor-plates Glazing Circulation

Hollow Core Steel Column

Steel I beams

Concrete Entrance Stair

Concrete Walls

Matchday N-S Section.

Entrance Block.

14.

Roof.

14. Roof Terrace Cafe/Bar

Upper Floor.

10. Security Office Roof Terrace 11. Auditorium Services/Storage 12. Auditorium Office space 13. Gantry/Lighting Rig

10. 11.

13. 12.

7. Road Level.

5. Metro Station Platforms 6. Security Offices 7. Vehicle Drop off Entrance 8. Entrance Steps/Market Space/Auditorium 9. Gantry

1. 2.

3. Ground.

1. Metro Station Entrance 2. Security Offices 3. Services 4. Market Stalls

Matchday E-W Section.

AN EXPLODED FIELD. Salvaging Urbanism Angus Bolland