Anirudh Rathi Work Sample by anirudhrathi

Anirudh Rathi Work Sample 2022

Index

Sustainability and Computational Design Projects 1. Mobi.Brownfill (Masters Thesis) 2. BCA.X (Bachelors Thesis) 3. Gluttony Avenue 4. Banana Split

4 24 42 54

Professional Experience 5. Haidilao Resort (Plasma Studio) 6. Pasir Ris Central (Arup) 7. Funeral Parlour (Arup)

66 76 77

Others 8. Bugis Tetris 9. Twisties

78 80

Tessellation

Digital Design and Manufacturing of Tesslating Tiles

Mobi.Brownfill

Location: Singapore Themes: Urban Analytics, Sustainability, Computational Design

Involvement: Master of Architecture Thesis

In its infancy during the 80s & 90s, city- states like Singapore & Hongkong built Transit Oriented Developments (TODs) by capitalizing on the revenue generated from the sale of greenfield land in immediate proximity of the upcoming mass rapid transit stations. Discourse Fast Forward to 2020, dense urban centers have little greenfield land & typically consist of pockets of space which aspire efficient utilization. These erstwhile developments lag behind in advancements of urban codes & dynamic societal aspirations. Transportation infrastructure has progressed to more complicated typologies, far beyond what TODs have kept pace with. A portmanteau of brownfield sites and urban infill development activated by soft mobility - Mobi-brownfill represents the opportunity to rejuvenate dense fabrics by measuring soft mobility indices. This thesis posits revitalizing obsolete places and spaces to reinforce the community by capturing maximum accessibility potential. This is done by re-densification as a means of renewal.

Background Research

The spatial structure of modern cities is largely shaped by transportation systems, the complexity of human movements, distribution of urban activities represent and cause changing of urban function and form. Identifying the spatial structure generated by urban mobility contributes improved understanding of site selection for the best possible function and urban planning applications. This project converts Singapore’s urban planning policies into an analytics algorithm to develop a site selection system which responds to UN Sustainable Development Goals

Agenda for Pedestrian Friendly Developments

Agenda for Data Driven Real Estate Developments

Methodology Overview

Text Creation Site Basic Process

Opportunities for redensification Surface & Multistorey Parking: dataset depicting parking spaces. Future Air Rights Developments: dataset depicting air rights. Future Community Use Developments: dataset showcasing Community Use Developments. Clustering: In total, about 6500 points are put together to give rise to a new set of potential sites. Thesesites are clustered to form multi purpose, diverse in quality sites which can bring different qualities to the neighborhood. Points in close proximity are clustered and the rest are discarded using the DBSCAN Algorithm

Parameters Minimum Points: Minimum number of points for clustering to occur (#) Iterations: Number of random iterations to run to decide integrity of clustering (meters) Noise Reduction: N ranging between 0 and 1 about number of points to cull(#) Maximum Distance: Maximum Distance between two points ( Fixed at 400m/ TOD Criteria)

Site Creation Dashboard Analytics Preliminary Result

Derelict sites are identified and this results in 6528 locations across Singapore. These locations are then clustered based on proximity set to 400 meters as that is the requirement for transit oriented developments. The minimum points per cluster is set to three as this is the minimum required to create a closed geometry.

PARKS AIR RIGHTS IDENTIFICATION OF DERELICT SITES

CARPARKS

PREPARING FOR CLUSTERING

Upon clustering, 473 sites are yielded.

PARKS CARPARKS TOTAL = 6528

CLUSTERED BASED ON PROXIMITY = 400M

CENTROIDS OF CLUSTERS FOR NEXT STEPS

AIR RIGHTS

Site Selection Analytics Process

Metric Factors: Why Shortest Walk? Shortest walk is chosen over shortest distance for a few reasons. Shortest walk provides the nuances of the preexisting street network which can be turned pedestrian friendly. It also means that pathways of high foot fare and thoroughfare can be identified and developed intentionally for retail, commercial and other public programs. Moving in a direction of walkability also places importance on Singapore’s car lite sustainability strategy and increased emphasis on health. Distance from City Center: The 1970s master plan depicted the importance of the city center and followed the hub and spoke model. This showcases the importance of the proximity to city center.

Parameters Distance from City Center: The 1970s master plan depicted the importance of the city center and followed the hub and spoke model. This showcases the importance of the proximity to city center. Distance from Poly Center: The 1991 master plan identifies 8 nodes outside the city center to decongest the city center and bring opportunities closer to home. In a bid to make for a more polycentric urban identity, the proximity to the nearest nodes is assessed. Regional Centers are developed to dispose human flows by shortening distances between work and home locations Distance from Nearest MRT: Moving from 1991 to 2021, the notion of polycentric behavior can only occur in the absence of hub and spoke models previously seen. To enhance the Mobi Brownfill centrality of the site, the shortest paths to the nearest stations are assessed. Betweenness Centrality: Measures the number of times a node lies on the shortest path between other nodes. This measure shows which nodes are ‘bridges’ between nodes in a network. This helps identify clusters which are most frequently traveled through.

Site Selection Analytics Dashboard Analytics Preliminary Result

The average distance of between Mobi Brownfill Sites and City Center Nodes as prescribed in 1971 Concept plan is 10885m and ranges between 9893m and 32104m.

METRIC: SHORTEST WALK FROM CITY CENTER

METRIC: SHORTEST WALK FROM NEAREST MRT

The average distance of between Mobi Brownfill Sites and Poly Center Nodes as prescribed in 1991 Concept plan is 1498m and ranges between 926m and 37213m. The average distance of between Mobi Brownfill Sites and Nearest MRT is 901m and ranges between 302 and 11203m The Betweenness Centrality of the Brownfill Nodes identified range between 0.007 and 2.00 with a mean occuring at 0.052.

METRIC: SHORTEST WALK FROM POLY CENTER

TOPOLOGICAL: BETWEENNESS CENTRALITY

Time Series Masterplanning Process

Xtopolological = XBetweenness The metrices are normalized based on the following formula to bring all the values between 0-1 Value = x- xmin Xmax - Xmin where x is the component of site selection analytics. After this, the metric measures are added as such that Xmetric = Xcity + Xpolyctr + Xcityctr The metric measures are divided by three to keep the values between zero and one:

Xmetricfinal = Xmetric / 3

A plot is derived from the previously conducted data analytics. For segregation and categorization, the points are clustered using k-means clustering. The Topological Parameters are plotted against the metric proximity based parameters The previously conducted site analytics is used to set up a city level strategy for mobi-brownfill developments staggered across the island. This is a time-series strategy, meaning that it will occur over a time span of a few years. Phase n+1 is empowered by the enhanced connectivity due to the development which occurred in Phase n. This is a recurring process over the next few steps.

As for the non metric values: 22

Text Basic

Section Model (1:100)

Time Series Masterplanning Masterplan Results

Purple Points: The typical site demonstrates median proximity and low betweenness. These are likely to be sites located in the outer city but close to the transit node.

METRIC: SHORTEST WALK BLUEFROM POINTS CITY CENTER

METRIC: SHORTEST WALK PURPLE FROM POINTS NEAREST MRT

Green Points: Best sites for public use demonstrate high proximity and high betweenness . These are likely to be located near a poly center and MRT and close to the city as well. Blue Points: These are swatches of land near the city downtown which have not been developed. Yellow Points: These sites are located on the perimeter of the city or not on Singapore Island.

METRIC: SHORTEST WALK GREEN FROM POINTS POLY CENTER

TOPOLOGICAL: BETWEENNESS YELLOW POINTS CENTRALITY

Site Evaluation and Selection Process

4. Site Scoring System The Site Selection Analytics are used to devise the site scoring system and a precint is identified based on that for urban development User research for the neighbourhood is conducted to understand the requirements of the demographics of the selection to better decide if the selection makes architectural sense. Micro analytics are conducted on the site and benchmarked to case studies to put together a successful proposal.

Site Evaluation and Selection Site Evaluation and Selection Basics In total, 470 Sites are generated and the 400 meter radiuses are plotted. They are then evaluate based on the previously developed analytics as below and the urban nuances are understood

SITE 104 EVALUATION

SITE 29 EVALUATION

SITE 192 EVALUATION

SITE 354 EVALUATION

Text Basic

Section Model (1:100)

Site Selection and Focus Demographic

LINEAR PARK, 18 KILOMETERS

WALKING

DRIVING

RETAIL

CYCLYING

BUS

TRAIN

EAST COAST PARKWAY DISCONNECTS PARK FROM MARINE PARADE ABRUPT STOP TO THE DENSITIES BUILD UP DENSITY INCREASES CLOSER TO THE SHORE STREET CONNECTIVITY IS LOW NEW MRT STATION COMING UP (2025) POPULATION PYRAMID

Open HDB Carpark East Coast Carpark C

1.303470, 103.916284

Multistorey HDB Carpark Multistorey HDB Carpark

SITE SELECTED

LOCATION IN SINGAPORE

COMPARISON TO OTHER POTENTIAL SITES

Micro-site syntax WIDTH DEVIATION SHORTEST PATH ANALYSIS

Exit A Exit B Exit C

Carpark B1 Carpark C1 Telok Kurau Park Siglap Canal Pier

Exit C

COVER AREA RATIO

STREET OPENNESS

1.0

FLOOR AREA RATIO

0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5

PROPOSED AXIS

0.4

Educational

0.3

Brownfill Sites

0.2

Existing Axis Proposed Axis Mrt Station Park Connectors Mrt Exits

AVERAGE HEIGHT DEVIATION

1.0

0.5

AVERAGE NEIGHBOR DISTANCE

120 100 80

60 40

-0.5 20 -0.1

Text Basic Proposal

Section Model (1:100)

RECOMMENDED AREA DISTRIBUTION

Proposed Foliage Elevated Pedestrian Network 34

On-ground Pedestrian Network

BCAx Juxtaposition of active spaces and passive learning environments, supporting a healthy attitude towards physical well-being and accessibility towards knowledge

Location: Bradell, Singapore Program: Brownfill, Mix Use Educational & Office

Involvement: Undergraduate Final Year Project with Building Construction Authority. Group of 7 architecture, mechanical and electrical engineering student

Discourse The active spaces are the central circulation spaces which weave the academy together by circulating knowledge, ideas and collaboration by fostering informal human cohesion. The passive spaces are formalized learning conditions, which, along with the active spaces form a strong dichotomy. In keeping in line with the national policy of Singapore to have 80% of the built environment to be operationally net zero energy by the year 2030, the spatial anatomy is devised with low energy consumption and high thermal comfort at the heart and lungs of the design, utilizing both active and passive strategies to achieve spaces which are synthetically derived albeit represent an organic connection.

Micro Climate Study

Occupancy Occupancy Planning

Axonometric Axonometric Diagram

Planning

Diagram

L6: Admin Office/ Operations

L5: Department Office, Computer Lab & Meeting Rooms

L4: Computer Lab & Library

L3: Classroom, Employee Lounge & Conference Room

HIERARCHY OF CONNECTIONS

Educational Spaces

Utility Areas

Corporate Spaces

Breakout Spaces

Multipurpose Hall

Line Width 5: Program placed together or next to each other 4: Program placed next to each other or same level 3: Program connected by public space in between or other program 2: Program within 3 floors of each other 1: The in between spaces or no priority at all

L2: Classrooms, Gallery, Meeting & Conference Rooms

L1: Classrooms, Gallery, Meeting & Conference Rooms Staircases Elevators Ventilation

Ventilation

Daylighting

The façade design consists of a two fold Ventilation concept. First, the ventilation system is

The facade of a two fold tested for design optimalconsists cross ventilation andconcept. First, the ventilation system is tested for optimal cross ventilation and then the fenestration the conceptual fenestration module is module is designed to enhance the breeze in the building designed to enhance the breeze in the building.

ITERATION 01

Wind Speed m/s

Level 02

Level 01

>0.1

Wind Speed >0.1 m/s

0.2

0.3

Level 03

Level 02

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.5<

FENESTRATION WIND FLOW

SKETCH MODEL

(DETAIL)

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

ITERATION 01 60cm, 0o, 2:1, 21.2%

ITERATION 02 50cm, 50o, 5:3, 10.5%

ITERATION 03 80cm, 0o, 2:1, 25.2%

ITERATION 04 70cm, 0o, 2:1, 8.9%

ITERATION 05 50cm, -50o, 7:3, 9.8%

ITERATION 06 60cm, 0o, 5:3, 31.2%

Level 03

FENESTRATION

0.2

The facade system then parameterized fenestration usingisthe functions of open-to maximize daylit area as a function of the fenestration using the functions of opening length, ing length, angle, opening ratio overangle, 90 opening ratio over 90 iterations iterations

Level 01

ITERATION 02

Second, the façade is parameterised to Daylighting maximise daylit area as a function of the

0.7

0.8

0.9

Daylighting Autonomy

50%

60%

70%

ITERATION 04

80%

90%

100%

ITERATION 06

1.5<

INTERIOR LIGHTING Iteration 02 establishes a strong cross ventilation system & hence the arrangement is chosen. The detail fenestration is tested with champagne glasses and this shows potential for high breeze. 10 42

The best two iterations are compared by developing shoebox models to test the lighting conditions. Iteration 06 showcases the best lighting conditions. The façade is now ready for documentation. As observed, the red model performs better

The embedding Detail Facade Section of the funnels in the curtain wall will be held angledSection metal panels as seen in figure 36 showing a de Detail and Facade system.

Mechanical Ventilation

TRADITIONAL COOLING SYSTEM A single stationary duct is set up which delivers cool air draft to the center of the room.

MODERN COOLING SYSTEM Modern office buildings consist of a cooling system similar to this. Four stationary ducts are set up at opposite corners of the room.

CENTRAL COOLING SYSTEM A large stationary central air duct is set up at the center of the room.

012

500 1000mm

10m

FAÇADE GLOSSARY ACTIVE COOLING SYSTEM Chilled water is supplied to cool down the space using a pump & the chilled beam is allowed to rove across the space

1. Photo voltaic panels on roof 2. Water proofing & mineral wool insulation 3. Double mullion sticks 4. Smoke escape gap 5. U-shaped clamp 6. Sliding Panel 7. Glass Curtain Wall 20mm 8. Glass Curtain Wall 15mm 9 Outside

Figure 36: Side view of façade detai Wind Speed m/s 12

>0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.5<

OFFICE SPACE

MULTI VOIDAL CIRCULATION

VISITORS GALLERY

LIBRARY

Roof Oriented to Maximum Radiation for Solar Energy Generation Fenestration enhancing wind velocity due to Venturi Effect

Stack Effect drives warmer air up, hence cooling the space below

Semi Outdoors Cohesive Spaces Formalized Indoor Spaces

Floor Plans

Floor Plans A

Level 01 A

A 1

Level 02 B

A 1

001122 48

500 1000mm Level 03 55

Level 05

Level 04

Level 06

10m 10 49

Section Model (Scale 1:100)Model Section

(1:100)

Birds Eye View

East Elevation

North Elevation

(1:20)

Interior View 01

Façade Detail

Worm’s Eye View

Façade Detail Model (Scale 1:20)Detail Model Facade

Façade Detail

Interior View 02

Section View

Gluttony Avenue

Location: Tengah, Singapore Program: Agriculture/Food

Group Project

Celebrating Singapore’s delectable food fare in a socially and ecologically sustainable manner

Discourse Keeping in line with Singapore’s 30 by 30 manifesto, which proposes 30% self sufficiency in local food production, this project explores all the hallmarks of sustainability i.e social, ecological and economical sustainability. Situated in the newly developed district of Tengah in West Singapore, the earmarked for extensive urban farming. The project schematic aims to reinvent the principles of tropical modernism and propose an environmentally sustainable scheme to celebrate Singapore’s rich tradition of food.

Tengah ‘Car Lite’ Town Tengah Text Basic ‘Car Lite’ Masterplan

Town Masterplan

Section Model (1:100)

WELLNESS

SUSTAINABILITY

BUKIT GOMBAK

LEGEND

BUKIT BATOK

Site of Interest

NS Train Line EW Train Line JR Train Line (U/C) Station Cycling Paths Farm Ways

LAKESIDE CHINESE GARDENS

Innovation District Garden District

TO BOON LAY

Plantation District

TO JURONG EAST

Park District Brickland

24 54

Tengah ‘Car Lite’ Town Tengah ‘Car Lite’ Concept Diagrams

GREEN HOUSE

Due to high roof solar radiation, a green house is placed on top to harness the light for farming

Town Concept Diagrams

CANOPY

To shield the public plaza from the excessive daylight and rain, the roof is pulled outward

PUNCTURES

Open courtyards are placed to enhance daylighting & thermal comfort

CLOSED LOOP ECOSYSTEM

VENTURI

The wind flow is amplified with the trapezoidal volumes

GLARE

AMBIENCE ATRIUM

The courtyards induce glare condi- Daylighting is consistently distributtions into the open spaces ed across the space

CIRCULATION

Packaged foods

Beer and Ciders

Urban Farming

Retail

Urban Farming

Vegetables

26 56

e-Commerce

Vegetables

Packaged

Micro-Brewery

Beer and Ciders

Farm to Table

Bar

Packaged

Sustainability SECTION Section Text Basic

Section Model (1:100) WATER

DAYLIGHT

WaterSense Standard certified water fixtures are used which use less water for flushes and showers

Light wells are created to shield visitors from direct sunlight yet allowing ambient daylighting through louvers

LIGHTING

WATER

Energy Star certified products which use less energy and provide circadian lighting are used

Storm water run off from the roof and surroundings is treated & released into the central catchment

VENTILATION

Internal spaces are angled to encourage natural ventilation throughout the building.

28 58

Facade Design Facade Panel Selected Programs

Design

Panel variations are implemented throughout the envelope of the building depending on lighting, ventilation and porosity requirements of the programs

DOUBLE GLAZED

POWDER COATED

GLASS PANEL

ALUMINUM LOUVER

VERTICAL PLANTERS

CONCRETE CURTAIN WALL

The brewery consists of concrete curtain walls to the north near the storage. Louvers & glass panels used in seating areas to maximize views while retaining privacy

The cooking studio consists of an amalgam of creeper walls which conceal the unsightly ventilation ducts & louvers/glass panels for adequate daylighting

The admin office consists of glass panels and louvers to optimise daylighting and privacy 32 60

BREWERY

COOKING STUDIO

COOKING STUDIO & ADMIN OFFICE

Text Basic

34 62

Section Model (1:100)

Banana Split

Location: Toronto, Canada Program: Mix Use Residential

Group Project

The proposal tailors the usage of space to address these climatic nuances and aims to utilise them to the benefit of the users of the space

Discourse The project brief requires a design of an eco-friendly, sustainable mix use development in Toronto, Canada which is low on energy consumption. The development consists of an integrated set of programs including but not limited to housing, offices and public spaces. Located high up in the northern hemisphere, Toronto experiences extreme seasonal qualities with frigid temperatures & an amalgamation of precipitation conditions. This coupled with the high wind drafts which occur due the development’s close proximity to Lake Ontario pose a design challenge to achieve thermally comfortable spatial environments.

Annual Weather Analysis & opportunity scoping for Annual Weather Analysis for Toronto Toronto MONTHLY PRECIPITATION (MM)

SOLAR RADIATION AS A FACTOR OF ELEVATION & DIRECTION (KWH/M2 ) 100m The north facade of the building consists of little solar radiation making it less desirable Elevation for public spaces, open spac(meters) es & habitation

October's 140mm rainfall with high wind speed in the EW are use to inform the Wind Driven Rain façade strategy

0m South MONTHLY CLOUD COVER (%)

High Cloud Cover is an indicator of low direct solar radiation gain observed during the winter and fall months

East

North

West

South

SOLAR RADIATION AS A FACTOR OF FAÇADE/ROOF The facade is tilted southward to enhance the solar gains by the building as this will keep it warm through the night

TILT ANGLE & DIRECTION OF TILT (KWH/M2) 90o Tilt Angle (Degrees)

0o Low Humidity conditions are thermally uncomfortable spaces in the winter

MONTHLY RELATIVE HUMIDITY (%)

3.6

East

South

West

North

MONTHLY SOLAR RADIATION (KWH/M2)

The low winter sun makes for glare conditions which have to be mitigated

High wind speed during October brings rain water into the building which is mitigated

North

The winter dip in radiation makes it important to make the most of the available solar gains so that heating loads are reduced

MONTHLY WIND ROSE

4.2

4.8

5.4

6.0

6.6

7.2

7.8

MONTHLY RADIATION ROSE

8.4<

640

720

800

880

960

1080 1160 1240 1320 1400 1480 67

MASSING STRATEGY

OCCUPANCY ALLOCATION

MASSING OPTIMIZATION USING

STEPS 01 - STEP 05

STEP 06

EVOLUTIONARY SOLVERS STEP 07-08

PRECIPITATION DRIVEN FACADE DEVELOPMENT

Overall Flow The annual wind rose is analysed & upon learning that strong drafts of wind occur in the West & NorthEast Direction, the building's East & West façade are tilted south

STEP 09

02 DAYLIGHTING DRIVEN FACADE & FLOOR PLAN DEVELOPMENT STEP 10

The summer wind rose is analysed & upon learning that the probability of breeze from the south is high, a central canyon is created with geometry to enhance Venturi Effect

The west façade is nudged due south to orient it towards the direction of maximum solar gain as the solar hours in Toronto are short

Gross Floor Area = 53500m2 Public Greens = 7800m2 Commericial = 10520 m2 Residential = 34470m2 Private Greens = 7440m2 Plot Ratio = 4.53 Green Plot Ratio = 1.30

Solar Radiation Solar Radiation Optimization Optimization

Direction East

South

North

Ventilation Ventilation Optimization Optimization

SUMMER Height 30M

10M

60M SUMMER STRATEGY The summer strategy involves the developmentof public spaces located at sky bridges between the two buildings.

Iteration 03

The passive ventilation systems are optimized to enhance pleasant breezes to grace the public spaces of the building, making for a vibrant summer cohesion place. Iteration 04

Iteration 05 Solar Radiation kWh/m2

<640

720

800

880

960

SOLAR RADIATION STRATEGY

WINTER STRATEGY

The concept achieves high solar gains from the south & southwest directions. This assists keep the building warmer at night.

The winter strategy involves attenuating the strong wind drafts which propel the wind chill effect. This strategy is damage control in nature.

This is achieved by the form operation of orienting the façade along the suns path

Radiation/Direction

Total Radiation

WINTER

1080 1160 1240 1320 1400 1480<

Iteration 03

Iteration 04

The development consists of high wind drafts near it due to its close proximity to Lake Michigan. However the public spaces in the building are successfully shielded by those winds.

Iteration 05 Wind Speed m/s

3.6

4.2

4.8

5.4

6.0

6.6

7.2

7.8

8.4< 71

Wind Driven Rain Study

The section below shows the streamwise wind speed in the North-South direction in month of October.

Wind Driven Rain Strategy

6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0

NATURALLY VENTILATED

4.5

AREAS The highest precipitation occurs in the month of October. Hence the wind driven rain is studied in the month of of October when the maximum average wind speed is 8 m/s in the NorthSouth direction.

The public areas at 20m and 40m are straddled with foliage on the south and north perimeter to break up the wind draft and the water catchment along with it.

4.0 3.5 03 Wind Speed m/s

3.0 2.5>

The 0.5mm droplets of rain water have a larger catchment area whereas the 5mm droplets are received only from the southern direction. (Left) However, there is also a global catchment of water droplets which occurs from direction of winds other than the non prevailing direction. (Below)

04 0.5mm droplet catchment

5mm droplet catchment

Horizontal Louvres are placed in the public corridors serving the residential levels of the building to restrict the water droplets from entering but not the wind drafts

The public areas consist of a horizontal mesh window which allows for circulation of fresh air without the adverse water droplets coming with it

WIND SPEED 72 M/S

<2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5< 73

Daylighting Optimization Daylighting Optimization After analysing the entire floor plate the entire floorplate, the south facing studio unit at level 17 is analysed for glare and a façade intervention is proposed to mitigate it. The façade strategy reduces glare by 22%.

The Level 17 floorplate is studied for glare potential & revisions are made to improve it. It is important to note that there is no façade present at this point in time.

DA200lx,50%UDIe3000lx,10% = Daylit Area 87.1 % - 74.2 % = 12.9 % The addition of louvre as a shading device helps reduce glare.

Overlit 05

100% The northern facing façade which was generally not taken into account for the initial massing strategy shows spots of scarce daylight (in red). This can be possibly due to a very deep floor plate

90%

DA200lx,50%- UDIe3000lx,10% = Daylit Area 86.8% - 70.2% = 16.6% The louvers are tilted to let the winter sun deep into the floor plate. Glare has improved nominally along with daylighting

80%

70% Incisions are made on the north edifice of both the buildings, hence improving daylighting conditions substantially.

DA200lx,50%-UDIe3000lx,10% = Dwawaylit Area 70.2% - 47.9% = 22.3%

60%

02 N 50% Underlit 0 5 10 44

DAYLIGHTING ANALYSIS DAYLIGHTING AUTONOMY 200LX

Glare is reduced further and daylighting is improved with a different form of the same concept

50 75

Haidilao Hotel

Hospitality, Landscape Urbanism, Masterplanning and scoping occupany requirements

This is the big picture discourse

Discourse The intervention proposes a 1400 user riverside hospitality program consisting of a museum, brewery, hotpot boutique restaurant besides the cookie cutter MICE programs ( Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Events) which dominate the 21st century tourism playbook. The eccentric form is inspired by the voracious drainage paths which characterize the rugged landscape of Sichuan countryside.

Landscape Analytics Elevation Heat Map

Storm Water Runoff

The site is flat towards the shore and steep towards the north. The design morphs into the flat landscape available

With the surrounding hills sloping into the site and draining into the lake, opportunity for well defined catchment and rainwater harvesting are identified

Drainage Path

Slope Gradient

Slope direction

The areas of the site which are within the permissible slope range for construction are identified

The slope direction helps establish the overall drainage, catchment and buildup direction

>32m

>30%

Upward Eastward Northeastward Eastward Northwestward Southeastward Southward Southward Westward

Concept

Text Basic

Section A Branch

Flow

Grow

Site Plan 80

Typical Floor Plan and Renders

Service room

Typical Floor Plan

Shaded Underbelly

Main Plaza

Outer Living 83

Involvement: Lighting Simulations (Dialux), Vendor Specification and Coordination (Lighting Fixtures) 86

Location: Singapore

Mt Vernon Funeral Parlour Complex

Pasir Ris Central

Involvement: Lighting Simulations (Dialux), Facade-Lighting Coordination, Physical Model testing and Presentation to Architect Location: Singapore 87

Urban Tetris

them Hospitality Area:

Involvement: Master of Architecture Thesis

Urban Tetris proposes a sustainable skyscraper developed by using cross laminated timber as a design element

CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM

KEY STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

Twisties

Group Project Digital Design and Material Computation

INVERSE GEOMETRY FOR MOULD

SURFACE EDGES LOFTED

SURFACE EDGE EXTRACTED

LOFTED

BASE CURVES

Digital Design, Documentation and Fabrication of Curtain Wall for a office building

CNC MACHINING OF CONCRETE MOULD

FACADE ELEVATION

FACADE SECTION

1:2 PROTOTYPE

Exhibition entry for Lightning Planner Associates

Developing a roof deck which makes it possible to see a sky full of stars at night. Project exhibited in Singapore, Hong Kong, Tokyo and Berlin